HistoryBoiz

W.R. built a castle, called FDR a communist, tried to ignore the “greatest film of all time”, and carried on a lifelong affair with one of the biggest Golden Age of Hollywood stars, Marion Davies - Hollywood's worst kept secret. Join us for part 3 of William Randolph Hearst!Sources:Thomas Lennon and Michael Epstein. “The Battle over Citizen Kane.” PBS, 1996.Nasaw, David. The Chief. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 12 Aug. 2013.Randolph, William, and Jack Casserly. The Hearsts : Father and Son. Niwot, Colo., Roberts Rinehart, 1991.

W.R. goes to war! Hearst didn't cause the Spanish American War, although he'd love you to believe it. He just made people WANT to go to war. Join us for part 2!Sources: Thomas Lennon and Michael Epstein. “The Battle over Citizen Kane.” PBS, 1996.Nasaw, David. The Chief. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 12 Aug. 2013.Randolph, William, and Jack Casserly. The Hearsts : Father and Son. Niwot, Colo., Roberts Rinehart, 1991.

How did William Randolph Hearst become a media giant who shaped public opinion through yellow journalism? The short answer? A silver spoon; AKA silver and gold mines owned by his parents. Join us as we follow “Willy the Worst” on his way to untold riches and influence!Sources:Thomas Lennon and Michael Epstein. “The Battle over Citizen Kane.” PBS, 1996.Nasaw, David. The Chief. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 12 Aug. 2013.Randolph, William, and Jack Casserly. The Hearsts : Father and Son. Niwot, Colo., Roberts Rinehart, 1991.

The much venerated charge of the light brigade at the battle of Balaclava during the Crimean War was one of the biggest military blunders of all time. The poor decisions made that day had much to do with the personalities of the British high command.Sources:Aldrete, Gregory S. History's Great Military Blunders and the Lessons They Teach. The Great Courses, 2015.Figes, Orlando. Crimea. New York, Picador, 2012.

The second First Lady of the United States was the mother of a president, a remarkable woman of letters, and in many ways, a founder herself. Join us for Abigail Adams!Sources:Holton, Woody. Abigail Adams. Simon and Schuster, 2009.McCullough, David. John Adams. Simon and Schuster, 2001.

Mussolini's spectacular fall from power would become a legendary cautionary tale for any would-be (and/or contemporary) despot going forward. Join us for part 4, the brutal conclusion of our series on the Italian fascist dictator!Sources:Ben-Ghiat, Ruth. STRONGMEN : Mussolini to the Present. S.L., W W Norton, 2021.Corner, Paul. Mussolini in Myth and Memory. Oxford University Press, 22 Sept. 2022.Gooch, John. Mussolini's War. Simon and Schuster, 1 Dec. 2020. ‌Ridley, Jasper. Mussolini. Rowman & Littlefield, 5 Sept. 2000.

In this episode, Mussolini names and renames things after himself and his fascist “revolution”, appears shirtless in news reels, and decides that Italy should reacquire and acquire land enough to make a new Italian Empire. Join us this week for part 3!Sources:Ben-Ghiat, Ruth. STRONGMEN : Mussolini to the Present. S.L., W W Norton, 2021.Corner, Paul. Mussolini in Myth and Memory. Oxford University Press, 22 Sept. 2022.Gooch, John. Mussolini's War. Simon and Schuster, 1 Dec. 2020. ‌Ridley, Jasper. Mussolini. Rowman & Littlefield, 5 Sept. 2000.

In part 2, Benito goes from being the editor of the left wing paper Avanti!, to marching (well, not personally, but figuratively) on Rome with his ultranationalist right wing black shirts. Join us for part 2, the Mussolini switcharoo!Sources:Ben-Ghiat, Ruth. STRONGMEN : Mussolini to the Present. S.L., W W Norton, 2021.Corner, Paul. Mussolini in Myth and Memory. Oxford University Press, 22 Sept. 2022.Gooch, John. Mussolini's War. Simon and Schuster, 1 Dec. 2020. ‌Ridley, Jasper. Mussolini. Rowman & Littlefield, 5 Sept. 2000.

How does a young delinquent that is born and raised to be a fiery socialist rabble rouser, end up being the Italian fascist leader, Il Duce? It's a long, winding road to say the least! Join us for part 1 of Benito Mussolini!Sources:Ben-Ghiat, Ruth. STRONGMEN : Mussolini to the Present. S.L., W W Norton, 2021.Corner, Paul. Mussolini in Myth and Memory. Oxford University Press, 22 Sept. 2022.Gooch, John. Mussolini's War. Simon and Schuster, 1 Dec. 2020. ‌Ridley, Jasper. Mussolini. Rowman & Littlefield, 5 Sept. 2000.‌

Happy holidays from the History Boiz! On December 23, 1927, a man walked into a bank in Cisco, Texas and robbed it - while dressed as Santa Claus. Join us for this bullet riddled comedy of errors! Listen wherever you get your podcasts.Sources:Greene, A C. The Santa Claus Bank Robbery. Denton, Tex., University Of North Texas Press, 1999.Lumpkin, John. “Sinister Santa: A Look at the 1927 Cisco Bank Robbery.” Texas Highways, 13 Dec. 2017, texashighways.com/culture/history/sinister-santa-a-look-at-the-1927-cisco-bank-robbery/.Snider, Tui. Santa Claus Bank Robbery. 15 Nov. 2019.

In the winter of 1924-25, a diphtheria outbreak in the remote Nome, Alaska, relied upon a desperate dog sled relay mission. You may know the heroic dog, Balto, but what about Togo?Sources:Salisbury, Gay, and Laney Salisbury. The Cruelest Miles. W.W. Norton & Company, Incorporated, 2005. Mushing 101: A Primer for Someone Getting Started in Sled ..., dogscouts.org/base/tonto-site/uploads/2014/11/TRAIN_Mushing_101.pdf. Accessed 1 Nov. 2024. Salisbury, Gay, and Laney Salisbury. The Cruelest Miles. W.W. Norton & Company, Incorporated, 2005.

Join us for spooky season! This time we'll talk about the rise of spiritualism, complete with seances, exclusive clubs, famous true believers, infamous fakes and frauds, and the most respected magician of all time, Harry Houdini. Sources: Dawson, Kate Winkler. The Ghost Club. Penguin, 2023. Houdini, Harry. A Magician Among the Spirits. Cambridge University Press, 2011. Jaher, David, and Simon Vance. The Witch of Lime Street: Séance, Seduction, and Houdini in the Spirit World. Random House, 2015. Ptacin, Mira. The In-Betweens: The Spiritualists, Mediums, and Legends of Camp Etna. Liveright Publishing Corporation, a Division of W. W. Norton & Company, 2019.

In 1845, Sir John Franklin led an expedition in search of the northwest passage with two boats, aptly named HMS Terror and HMS Erebus, and never returned. To this day people search for clues as to what became of them, and what they did find carried horrifying implications.Sources: Beattie, Owen, et al. Frozen in Time : The Fate of the Franklin Expedition. Vancouver ; Berkeley, Greystone Books, 2017.Brandt, Anthony. Man Who Ate His Boots: The Tragic History of the Search for the Northwest Passage. Random House, 2010.Palin, Michael. Erebus. Greystone Books Ltd, 25 Sept. 2018.

In this episode we talk about what could've (and what probably) happened to Pocahontas while she was in England. It's not something you would find in a Disney movie!Sources: Custalow, Linwood “Little Bear,” and Angela L. Daniel. The True Story of Pocahontas: The Other Side of History. Tantor Audio, 2023. Editors. “John Smith's Writings (U.S. National Park Service).” National Parks Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, 4 Feb. 2022, www.nps.gov/articles/000/john-smith-writings.htm. Price, David A. Love and Hate in Jamestown: John Smith, Pocahontas, and the Heart of a New Nation. Vintage Books, 2005. Smith, John, and James Horn. Writings: With Other Narratives of Roanoke, Jamestown, and the First English Settlement of America. Library of America : Distributed to the Trade in the U.S. by Penguin Putnam, 2007.

Due to various life events the Boiz have decided to postpone our next official episode, instead we're giving our beloved listeners a taste of our exclusive Patreon show, Telling Jerry Something! 251.9 million years ago our planet suffered the most catastrophic event life on Earth has ever known. Join us as Chris regales the gang about the dreaded Permian-Triassic Extinction Event!Sources:GEE, HENRY. A (Very) Short History of Life on Earth: 4.6 Billion Years in 12 Chapters. PICADOR, 2022. Covert Affair Kevin MacLeod (http://incompetech.com)Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Pocahontas has been used to tell different narratives throughout history, but few know the real story of her life. Join us for part 1!Sources: Custalow, Linwood “Little Bear,” and Angela L. Daniel. The True Story of Pocahontas: The Other Side of History. Tantor Audio, 2023. Editors. “John Smith's Writings (U.S. National Park Service).” National Parks Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, 4 Feb. 2022, www.nps.gov/articles/000/john-smith-writings.htm. Price, David A. Love and Hate in Jamestown: John Smith, Pocahontas, and the Heart of a New Nation. Vintage Books, 2005. Smith, John, and James Horn. Writings: With Other Narratives of Roanoke, Jamestown, and the First English Settlement of America. Library of America : Distributed to the Trade in the U.S. by Penguin Putnam, 2007.

Join us for the 3rd and final part of our series on the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution! This time, high school and college students take over the country to stamp out bourgeois/counter revolutionary/reactionary/conservative elements that, according to Mao, are holding China back.Sources: Baum, Richard. The Fall and Rise of China. The Teaching Company, 2010. Chang, Jung, and Jon Halliday. Mao: The Unknown Story. Random House, 2012. Han, Dongping. The Unknown Cultural Revolution. Monthly Review Press, 2008. Meisner, Maurice J. Mao's China and after: A History of the People's Republic. Free Press, 1999. Underground Theory. Stichting InterArt, 2021. Walder, Andrew G. Agents of Disorder: Inside China's Cultural Revolution. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2019.

Join us for part 2! This time, we talk about what Mao decides to do after a successful revolution. Ambitious projects are launched like The Great Leap Forward. The Great Chinese Famine ensues. 
Sources: Baum, Richard. The Fall and Rise of China. The Teaching Company, 2010. Chang, Jung, and Jon Halliday. Mao: The Unknown Story. Random House, 2012. Han, Dongping. The Unknown Cultural Revolution. Monthly Review Press, 2008. Meisner, Maurice J. Mao's China and after: A History of the People's Republic. Free Press, 1999. Underground Theory. Stichting InterArt, 2021. Walder, Andrew G. Agents of Disorder: Inside China's Cultural Revolution. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2019.


One of the most divisive, misunderstood, and contradictory events in history was Mao Zedong's Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution in China. Join us for part 1 of our 3 part series! Sources: Baum, Richard. The Fall and Rise of China. The Teaching Company, 2010. Chang, Jung, and Jon Halliday. Mao: The Unknown Story. Random House, 2012. Han, Dongping. The Unknown Cultural Revolution. Monthly Review Press, 2008. Meisner, Maurice J. Mao's China and after: A History of the People's Republic. Free Press, 1999. Underground Theory. Stichting InterArt, 2021. Walder, Andrew G. Agents of Disorder: Inside China's Cultural Revolution. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2019.

Carlos II AKA Charles II of Spain AKA Carlos the Bewitched was the last of the Spanish Habsburgs and marked the end of 200 years of Habsburg rule in Spain. Carlos was born with a litany of health problems and remained sickly throughout his ineffectual reign due to generations of inbreeding. Sources: Gaudi, Robert. The War of Jenkins' Ear. the Forgotten War for North and South America and the World That Made It: 1665-1742. Pegasus Books, 2021. Langdon Davies, John. Carlos the Bewitched: The Last Spanish Hapsburg ; 1661-1700. Jonathan Cape, 1963. Rady, Martyn. The Habsburgs: To Rule the World. Basic Books, 2022.

The War of Jenkins' Ear wasn't really about an ear exactly and had more to do with trade. In a time of near constant warfare and the golden age of piracy nearing its end, Britain and Spain go to war yet again. Join us as we focus on the pivotal and disastrous Battle of Cartagena de Indias! Sources: Aldrete, Gregory S. History's Greatest Military Blunders and the Lessons They Teach. History ed., Lecture 10, Great Courses, 2015. Gaudi, Robert. The War of Jenkins' Ear: The Forgotten Struggle for North and South America, 1739-1742. Pegasus Books, 2022.

In the final part 3 of our series on Ludlow, we talk about the massacre itself and the Rockefeller PR campaign that came afterward. Sources: Andrews, Thomas G. Killing for Coal: America's Deadliest Labor War. Harvard University Press, 2010. Freese, Barbara. Coal: A Human History. Basic Books, 2016. Sinclair, Upton. King Coal. BIBLIOTECH PRESS, 2022.

In part 2, we will talk about the company, the union, and the personalities that come with both, when the strike broke out in 1913. Join us! Sources: Andrews, Thomas G. Killing for Coal: America's Deadliest Labor War. Harvard University Press, 2010. Freese, Barbara. Coal: A Human History. Basic Books, 2016. Sinclair, Upton. King Coal. BIBLIOTECH PRESS, 2022.

The Ludlow Massacre, a part of the wider Colorado Coalfield War, was the deadliest strike in American history. This episode we talk all about the rock that burns, how to get it out of the ground, and the dangers that come with it. Sources: Andrews, Thomas G. Killing for Coal: America's Deadliest Labor War. Harvard University Press, 2010. Freese, Barbara. Coal: A Human History. Basic Books, 2016. Sinclair, Upton. King Coal. BIBLIOTECH PRESS, 2022.

From James Cook to modern times, there's a lot to get into for part 2 of our general history of Aotearoa New Zealand! Joining us this time is a very special guest, Dani! Sources: Sources: HANZ, Thomas. Historyaotearoa.Com, 20 Apr. 2024, https://historyaotearoa.com/?fbclid=PAZXh0bgNhZW0BMQABptIUbOg5ylpyqEphUIh6_0CvNv_K1raqlOZnQdvCEt6ICn48kov7mL1YwQ_aem_Af8K9eJ_RnvvvC5E6WCPVEwf63sYGX6libqhAoeWzaI85fhbbxoAVK9ba8-jlMQYTWQ. Accessed 1 Apr. 2024. King, Michael. Penguin History of New Zealand. Penguin, 2017. Freyberg, Paul, and Tony Ricketts. Bernard Freyberg, VC: Soldier of Two Nations. Royal New Zealand Foundation of the Blind, 2013. McClymont, W. G. Official History of New Zealand in the Second World War 1939-45: To Greece. Department of Internal Af, 1961. Thompson, Christina. Come on Shore and We Will Kill and Eat You All. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2011. Thompson, Christina. Sea People: The Puzzle of Polynesia. Harper, 2022.

Often left off maps or stuck inside a seam, the history of Aotearoa is often indicative of the consequences of colonialism. Sources: HANZ, Thomas. Historyaotearoa.Com, 20 Apr. 2024, https://historyaotearoa.com/?fbclid=PAZXh0bgNhZW0BMQABptIUbOg5ylpyqEphUIh6_0CvNv_K1raqlOZnQdvCEt6ICn48kov7mL1YwQ_aem_Af8K9eJ_RnvvvC5E6WCPVEwf63sYGX6libqhAoeWzaI85fhbbxoAVK9ba8-jlMQYTWQ. Accessed 1 Apr. 2024. King, Michael. Penguin History of New Zealand. Penguin, 2017. Thompson, Christina. Come on Shore and We Will Kill and Eat You All. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2011. Thompson, Christina. Sea People: The Puzzle of Polynesia. Harper, 2022. Wallis, Helen M. “Abel Tasman.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, inc., 10 Apr. 2024, www.britannica.com/biography/Abel-Tasman.

Listener request! The Mad Trapper of Rat River sparked the largest manhunt in Canadian history. Special guest, Beau Binek! Sources: Editors. “Albert Johnson, ‘The Mad Trapper of Rat River.'” The Canadian Encyclopedia, 22 Jan. 2008, www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/albert-johnson. Katz, Hélèna. The Mad Trapper: The Incredible Tale of a Famous Canadian Manhunt. CNIB, 2007. North, Dick. The Mad Trapper of Rat River: A True Story of Canada's Biggest Manhunt. Lyons Press, 2018.

Marie Curie was a revolutionary scientist discovering a previously unknown state of matter, as well as two elements on the periodic table. She was first woman to win the Nobel Prize and first person to win in twice (not to mention in different scientific fields). Join us for the incomparable Marie Curie! Sources: Curie, Eve, and Vincent Sheean. Madam Curie. Mass., Houghton Mifflin, 1963. Editors. “Marie Curie.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, inc., 11 Mar. 2024, www.britannica.com/biography/Marie-Curie. Goldsmith, Barbara. Obsessive Genius: The Inner World of Marie Curie. Paw Prints, 2008.

In part 2 of The Blues, we talk about the folklorists who came to (mistakenly) define what the blues music was, and what it wasn't. Aaron Weed joins us again! Sources: Cobb, James C. The Most Southern Place on Earth: The Mississippi Delta and the Roots of Regional Identity. 7th ed., Oxford University Press, 1994. Gioia, Ted. Delta Blues. 20th ed., W. W. Norton, 2008. King, Chris Thomas. Blues: The Authentic Narrative of My Music and Culture. Chicago Review Press, Incorporated, 2021.

The blues - one of the greatest cultural inventions of all time - and its history has been shrouded and obscured by folklorists seeking to perpetuate a racist myth applying primitiveness to the genre. Which is untrue of course. Special guest, Aaron Weed! Sources: BlackFacts.com. “Creoles of Color.” Blackfacts.Com, 2023, www.blackfacts.com/fact/creoles-of-color. Cobb, James C. The Most Southern Place on Earth: The Mississippi Delta and the Roots of Regional Identity. 7th ed., Oxford University Press, 1994. Gioia, Ted. Delta Blues. 20th ed., W. W. Norton, 2008. King, Chris Thomas. Blues: The Authentic Narrative of My Music and Culture. Chicago Review Press, Incorporated, 2021.

Emily Dickinson was one of, if not the greatest American poet. The real Emily and details about her life remain elusive however. Sources: Ackmann, Martha. These Fevered Days: Ten Pivotal Moments in the Making of Emily Dickinson. W.W, Norton & Company, Inc., 2021. Dickinson, Emily, and Thomas Wentworth Higginson. The Complete Poems of Emily Dickenson Sic. Madison Park, an Imprint of Pacific Publishing Studio, 2022. Gordon, Lyndall. Lives like Loaded Guns: Emily Dickinson and Her Family's Feuds. Penguin, 2011.

British MP, soldier, suspected spy for the KGB and Mossad, and controversial media baron, Robert Maxwell was a lot of things. Today he's recognized more for who his youngest daughter is, the infamous Ghislaine Maxwell. Sources: Maxwell, Elisabeth. A Mind of My Own: My Life with Robert Maxwell. Sidgwick & Jackson, 1994. Preston, John. Fall: The Mysterious Life and Death of Robert Maxwell, Britain's Most Notorious Media Baron. Harper, an Imprint of HarperCollins Publishers, 2022.

Warren G. Harding's administration was one marked by scandal, bribery, and even a suspicious murder suicide plot. Teapot Dome was the largest political scandal in American history up until Watergate. Sources: Laton McCartney. The Teapot Dome Scandal : How Big Oil Bought the Harding White House and Tried to Steal the Country. New York, Random House Trade Paperbacks, 2009. ‌ “Teapot Dome Scandal | Definition, Facts, & Significance | Britannica Money.” Www.britannica.com, 23 May 2023, www.britannica.com/money/topic/Teapot-Dome-Scandal.

Among many other firsts, Apollo 8 would be the first to send humankind outside of Earth's orbit and then to orbit the moon, broadcast around the Earth on Christmas Day, 1968. This overshadowed mission was planned under a tight deadline and changed the space race. Happy holidays from the History Boiz! Sources: Kluger, Jeffrey. Apollo 8: The Thrilling Story of the First Mission to the Moon. Henry Holt et Company, 2018. Kurson, Robert. Rocket Men: The Daring Odyssey of Apollo 8 and the Astronauts Who Made Man's First Journey to the Moon. Random House, 2019. Sandler, Martin W. Apollo 8: The Mission That Changed Everything. Thorndike Press, 2019.

The American sport and tradition of football has a long and violent history. One team that was never supposed to actually compete with the large Ivy League schools ended up not only winning, but also changing the game of football itself into something we would recognize as modern day football. The Carlisle Indian Industrial School was built with the express purpose in mind to strip their native culture, traditions, and beliefs, in place for Anglo-American culture, traditions, and belief. It was made up of children as young as 6 and as old as 25. Sources: Archivists, Curators. “Records.” Carlisle Indian School Digital Resource Center, 2010, carlisleindian.dickinson.edu/. Jenkins, Sally. The Real All Americans: The Team That Changed a Game, a People, a Nation. Anchor Books, 2008.

Bolívar succeeds where others would surely fail and for that, his name would be added in the pantheon of great leaders of history, but at what cost?Sources: Sources: Arana, Marie. Bolívar: American Liberator. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2014. Editors. “Simón Bolívar.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, inc., 20 July 2023, www.britannica.com/biography/Simon-Bolivar.

Part 3! Bolívar is about to see all of his work during the admirable campaign come crashing down as the legion of hell bears down upon the republican forces. Sources: Sources: Arana, Marie. Bolívar: American Liberator. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2014. Editors. “Simón Bolívar.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, inc., 20 July 2023, www.britannica.com/biography/Simon-Bolivar.

The 1977 disappearance of Marie Ann Watson that remains unsolved to this day, isn't necessarily a mystery in the minds of the people of Emmett, Idaho. Most people had heard the stories about the pigs. The truth was so much worse. This story is about the evil that breeds in the shadows of our societal failures. Sources: r/MarieAnnWatson, Taranto, Sandi. Dandelion Child. Sandi Taranto, 2022.

Bolívar goes from a rich fanboy of the Enlightenment, then thrown into a divided revolution that will ultimately turn him into a general, who can't resist the masculine urge to lead forces against Spain. Join us for part 2! Sources: Sources: Arana, Marie. Bolívar: American Liberator. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2014. Editors. “Simón Bolívar.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, inc., 20 July 2023, www.britannica.com/biography/Simon-Bolivar.

Referred to as liberator of America, and by some as the South American George Washington, Simón Bolívar was a complicated hero. Join us for part 1, the early years of Simón's life. Sources: Arana, Marie. Bolívar: American Liberator. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2014. Editors. “Simón Bolívar.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, inc., 20 July 2023, www.britannica.com/biography/Simon-Bolivar. Editors. “Viceroyalties in Latin America in 1780 – Mapping Globalization.” Princeton University, The Trustees of Princeton University, commons.princeton.edu/mg/viceroyalties-in-latin-america-in-1780/. Accessed 1 Sept. 2023.

Join us as we discuss the life of the Rani of Jhansi, Lakshmibai! Hero to her people for her role in the First War for Indian Independence beginning with the Sepoy Mutiny, she led her troops from the front and is a legendary icon in India to this day. Sources: Tharoor, Shashi. Inglorious Empire: What the British Did to India. Scribe Publicaitons, 2019. Toler, Pamela D. Women Warriors: An Unexpected History. Beacon Press, 2020. Wolpert, Stanley. A New History of India. Oxford University Press, 2009.

Join us and a special guest to talk about the story of Orville and Wilbur Wright and the first heavier than air flight!Sources: Editors. “The Wright Story/an Unusual Childhood/a Life on Hold.” Wright Airplanes, 2016, www.wright-brothers.org/Information_Desk/Just_the_Facts/Airplanes/Wright_Airplanes.htm. McCullough, David. The Wright Brothers: The Dramatic Story behind the Legend. Simon & Schuster, 2016.

Join us for the action packed conclusion of our series on the remarkable life of Norwegian polar explorer, Roald Amundsen! Sources: Brown, Stephen. The Last Viking: The Life of Roald Amundsen. Douglas & McIntyre, 2012. Cameron, Garth James. From Pole to Pole. Pen and Sword, 2022. Editors. “Homepage – En.” Amundsen, 2023, amundsen.mia.no/en/. Piesing, Mark. N-4 Down: The Hunt for the Arctic Airship Italia. Mariner Books, 2022.

Join us for the legendary story of the race for the South Pole between Roald Amundsen and Robert Falcon Scott!Sources: Amundsen, Roald. The Northwest Passage. E.P. Dutton, 1908. Brown, Stephen. The Last Viking: The Life of Roald Amundsen. Douglas & McIntyre, 2012. Cameron, Garth James. From Pole to Pole. Pen and Sword, 2022. Huntford, Roland. Race for the South Pole: The Expedition Diaries of Scott and Amundsen. Continuum, 2011. Sancton, Julian. Madhouse at the End of the Earth. Crown, 2021.

Join us! This time, Roald leads his first expedition to be the first to navigate the Northwest Passage! Sources: Amundsen, Roald. The Northwest Passage. E.P. Dutton, 1908. Brown, Stephen. The Last Viking: The Life of Roald Amundsen. Douglas & McIntyre, 2012. Cameron, Garth James. From Pole to Pole. Pen and Sword, 2022. Huntford, Roland. Race for the South Pole: The Expedition Diaries of Scott and Amundsen. Continuum, 2011. Sancton, Julian. Madhouse at the End of the Earth. Crown, 2021.

Roald Amundsen was one of the greatest arctic explorers in history, being the first to navigate the Northwest Passage, the first to the South Pole and the first to the North Pole. Find out his beginnings in this episode! Sources: Brown, Stephen. The Last Viking: The Life of Roald Amundsen. Douglas & McIntyre, 2012. Cameron, Garth James. From Pole to Pole. Pen and Sword, 2022. Huntford, Roland. Race for the South Pole: The Expedition Diaries of Scott and Amundsen. Continuum, 2011. Sancton, Julian. Madhouse at the End of the Earth. Crown, 2021.

Guernica was a city brutally bombed during the Spanish Civil War. The first, but certainly not the last, city destroyed by arial bombardement in history. It also inspired Pablo Picasso to paint one of the most iconic anti-war images of the 20th century. Sources: Kaufman, Michael T. “‘Guernica' Survives a Spray‐paint Attack by Vandal.” The New York Times, 1 Mar. 1974, www.nytimes.com/1974/03/01/archives/guernica-survives-a-spraypaint-attack-by-vandal-floor-is-sealed-off.html. Martin, Russell. Picasso's War: The Destruction of Guernica, and the Masterpiece That Changed the World. Plume Book, 2003. Orwell, George, and Peter Davison. Orwell in Spain: The Full Text of Homage to Catalonia, with Associated Articles, Reviews and Letters from the Complete Works of George Orwell. Penguin Books, 2001.

Join us for part three, the final episode of our series on the Titanic! With the sinking of the Titanic, the public at large had questions. How could this unsinkable ship sink? What happened? Who was to blame? Inquiries were made by both the United States and Britain to get to the bottom of it. We'll also talk about what happened to notable survivors after the sinking of the Titanic. Sources: Bonsall, Thomas E. Titanic: The Story of the Great White Star Line Trio: The Olympic, the Titanic and the Brittanic. Gallery Books, 1987. Grane, Thomas C., director. Titanic: 25 Years Later. National Geographic, 2017, Nationalgeoographic.com. Accessed 2023. ISMAY, CLIFFORD. Understanding J. Bruce Ismay: The True Story of the Man They Called “The Coward of Titanic.” HISTORY PRESS, 2022. Lord, Walter, and Nathaniel Philbrick. A Night to Remember. Blackstone, 2017. Russell, Gareth. The Ship of Dreams: The Sinking of the 'Titanic' and the End of the Edwardian Era. William Collins, 2020. Wade, Wyn Craig, et al. The Titanic: Disaster of the Century. Skyhorse Pub Co Inc, 2012.

Join us for part two of our series on the Titanic! This time, we go back to that dark night of April 15th, 1912 and detail the horrific scene of the most famous maritime disasters in history. Sources: Bonsall, Thomas E. Titanic: The Story of the Great White Star Line Trio: The Olympic, the Titanic and the Brittanic. Gallery Books, 1987. Grane, Thomas C., director. Titanic: 25 Years Later. National Geographic, 2017, Nationalgeoographic.com. Accessed 2023. Lord, Walter, and Nathaniel Philbrick. A Night to Remember. Blackstone, 2017. Russell, Gareth. The Ship of Dreams: The Sinking of the 'Titanic' and the End of the Edwardian Era. William Collins, 2020. Wade, Wyn Craig, et al. The Titanic: Disaster of the Century. Skyhorse Pub Co Inc, 2012.

Join us for part one of our series on the Titanic! This episode, learn about the construction and notable people that would be on board one of the worst maritime disasters in history! Sources: Bonsall, Thomas E. Titanic: The Story of the Great White Star Line Trio: The Olympic, the Titanic and the Brittanic. Gallery Books, 1987. Grane, Thomas C., director. Titanic: 25 Years Later. National Geographic, 2017, Nationalgeoographic.com. Accessed 2023. Lord, Walter, and Nathaniel Philbrick. A Night to Remember. Blackstone, 2017. Russell, Gareth. The Ship of Dreams: The Sinking of the 'Titanic' and the End of the Edwardian Era. William Collins, 2020. Wade, Wyn Craig, et al. The Titanic: Disaster of the Century. Skyhorse Pub Co Inc, 2012.

Calamity Jane, became a dime novel legend in her own lifetime, although few knew the real Martha Jane Cannary beyond her notorious reputation. Sources: Editors. “." Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. . Encyclopedia.com. 20 Mar. 2023 .” Encyclopedia.com, Encyclopedia.com, May 2012, https://www.encyclopedia.com/women/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/cannary-martha-jane-1852-1903. McLaird, James D. Calamity Jane: The Woman and the Legend. Univ Of Oklahoma Press, 2012. McLaird, James. “Encyclopedia of the Great Plains.” Encyclopedia of the Great Plains | CALAMITY JANE (1856-1903), 2011, http://plainshumanities.unl.edu/encyclopedia/doc/egp.gen.006.