Podcasts about Togo

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XIwEc64h-BE 0:00 เริ่ม ทักทาย พูดถึงความประทับใจงาน WiT meet ที่จบไป 15:10 เล่าเรื่องเคยเจอคุณ Jane Goodall 20:47 กลับมาเล่าเรื่องแฟนมีตต่อ รีแคปเรื่องตราปั๊มพ์ เพลง และพิธีกรรมเปิดงาน 33:03 เพลงบูชาเทพ เอนุสซู 44:05 ลิสต์รางวัล Ig Nobel 2025 สาขาต่างๆ 1:09:01 เล่ารายละเอียด กิ้งก่ากินพิซซ่า 1:19:17 คุยยาวเรื่อง narcissist 1:59:39 ชั้นรองเท้าดับกลิ่น 2:05:19 อาบันเสริมเรื่อง narcissist ต่ออีกหน่อย 2:17:08 unbox อวดผลงานชาวเบร้อ art toy ธีมแมลงโดนเชื้อราซอมบี้จากอวกาศ ซีรีส์ Bug Light Year โดย @vectorfigure 2:25:51 ค้างคาวเมา 2:41:49 วัวลาย เหลือบไม่ชอบตอม 2:51:49 แม่นมกระเทียม 3:12:35 ประชาสัมพันธ์ และบอกลาผู้ฟัง https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UiGLm7_-la4 รางวัลสาขา โภชนาการ มอบให้ Daniele Dendi และคณะ กับผลงานศึกษาว่า กิ้งก่าชนิดเจาะจงชนิดหนึ่ง มีความชอบกินพิซซ่าแต่ละหน้าแตกต่างกันมากน้อยแค่ไหน REFERENCE: “Opportunistic Foraging Strategy of Rainbow Lizards at a Seaside Resort in Togo,” Daniele Dendi, Gabriel H. Segniagbeto, Roger Meek, and Luca Luiselli, African Journal of Ecology, vol. 61, no. 1, 2023, pp. 226-227. เกร็ดเสริมเรื่องกิ้งก่าขี้ไม่ออก https://www.livescience.com/constipated-lizard-record-breaking-poo.html รางวัลสาขา จิตวิทยา มอบให้ Marcin Zajenkowski และ Gilles Gignac กับผลงานศึกษาว่าเกิดอะไรขึ้น เมื่อคุณบอกคนที่เป็นนาร์ซิซิสต์ หรือใครก็ตาม ว่าเขานั้นฉลาดกว่าคนอื่น REFERENCE: “Telling People They Are Intelligent Correlates with the Feeling of Narcissistic Uniqueness: The Influence of IQ Feedback on Temporary State Narcissism,” Marcin Zajenkowski and Gilles E. Gignac, Intelligence, vol. 89, November–December 2021, 101595. รางวัลสาขา การออกแบบทางวิศวกรรม มอบให้ Vikash Kumar และ Sarthak Mittal ผู้ทำการวิเคราะห์จากมุมมองของการออกแบบเชิงวิศวกรรมว่า รองเท้าที่เหม็นโฉ่วนั้นส่งผลลบต่อประสบการณ์ที่ดีในการใช้ชั้นรองเท้า REFERENCE: “Smelly Shoes — An Opportunity for Shoe Rack Re-Design,” Vikash Kumar and Sarthak Mittal, Ergonomics for Improved Productivity: Proceedings of HWWE 2017, vol. 2, pp. 287-293. Springer Singapore, 2022. ผลงานชาวเบร้อ Art toy ธีมแมลงกับเชื้อราซอมบี้ต่างดาว โดย https://www.instagram.com/vectorfigure รางวัลสาขา การบิน มอบให้ Francisco Sánchez และคณะ สำหรับการศึกษาที่ค้นพบว่า การบริโภคแอลกอฮอลสามารถลดสมรรถนะการบินของค้างคาว ตลอดจนขัดขวางทักษะการใช้เสียงสะท้อนนำร่อง REFERENCE: “Ethanol Ingestion Affects Flight Performance and Echolocation in Egyptian Fruit Bats,” Francisco Sánchez, Mariana Melcón, Carmi Korine, and Berry Pinshow, Behavioural Processes, vol. 84, no. 2, 2010, pp. 555-558. แถมเรื่องค้าวคาวลึงค์ใหญ่ รางวัลสาขา ชีววิทยา มอบให้กับ Tomoki Kojima และคณะ กับผลงานวิจัยที่ทดสอบว่า วัวซึ่งถูกทาสีเป็นลายม้าลาย จะโดนเหลือบกัดน้อยลงหรือไม่ REFERENCE: “Cows Painted with Zebra-Like Striping Can Avoid Biting Fly Attack,” Tomoki Kojima, Kazato Oishi, Yasushi Matsubara, Yuki Uchiyama, Yoshihiko Fukushima, Naoto Aoki, Say Sato, Tatsuaki Masuda, Junichi Ueda, Hiroyuki Hirooka, and Katsutoshi Kino, PLoS ONE, vol. 14, no. 10, 2019, e0223447. รางวัลสาขา กุมารเวช มอบให้ Julie Mennella และ Gary Beauchamp สำหรับงานวิจัยประสบการณ์ของเด็กทารกเมื่อแม่กินกระเทียมแล้วมาให้นม REFERENCE: “Maternal Diet Alters the Sensory Qualities of Human Milk and the Nursling's Behavior,” Julie A. Mennella and Gary K. Beauchamp, Pediatrics, vol. 88, no. 4, 1991, pp. 737-744. รวม podcast ที่เล่า Ig Nobel ปีนี้ หรือสัมภาษณ์นักวิจัยที่ได้รางวัล Stuff to Blow Your Mind 632 nm podcast

Hey guys, what you are about to listen to is an extremely graphic episode that will contain many scenes of gore, rape, human experimentation, honestly it will run the gambit. If you got a weak stomach, this episode might not be for you. You have been warned.  I just want to take a chance to say a big thanks to all of you guys who decided to join the patreon, you guys are awesome! Please leave a comment on this episode to let me know what more you want to hear about in the future. With all of that said and done lets jump right into it.   Where to begin with this one? Let start off with one of the major figures of Unit 731, Shiro Ishii. Born June 25th, 1892 in the village of Chiyoda Mura in Kamo District of Chiba Prefecture, Ishii was the product of his era. He came from a landowning class, had a very privileged childhood. His primary and secondary schoolmates described him to be brash, abrasive and arrogant. He was a teacher's pet, extremely intelligent, known to have excellent memory. He grew up during Japans ultra militarism/nationalism age, thus like any of his schoolmates was drawn towards the military. Less than a month after graduating from the Medical department of Kyoto Imperial University at the age of 28, he began military training as a probation officer in the 3rd regiment of the Imperial Guards division. Within 6 months he became a surgeon 1st Lt. During his postgraduate studies at Kyoto Imperial university he networked successfully to climb the career ladder. As a researcher he was sent out to help cure an epidemic that broke out in Japan. It was then he invented a water filter that could be carried alongside the troops.   He eventually came across a report of the Geneva Protocol and conference reports of Harada Toyoji as well as other military doctors. He became impressed with the potential of chemical and biological warfare. During WW1 chemical warfare had been highly explored, leading 44 nations to pass the Geneva Protocol or more specifically  “Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare”. Representatives from Japan were present at this conference and were involving in the drafting and signing of the Geneva Protocol, but it was not ratified in Japan at the time. Ishii's university mentor, Kiyano Kenji suggested he travel western countries and he did so for 2 years. Many nations were secretive about their research, but some places such as MIT were quite open. After his visit Ishii came to believe Japan was far behind everyone else in biological warfare research. After returning to Japan Ishii became an instructor at the Imperial Japanese Army Medical School. Japan of course lacked significant natural resources, thus it was a perfect nation to pursue biological weapons research. Ishii began lobbying the IJA, proposing to establish a military agency to develop biological weapons. One of his most compelling arguments was “that biological warfare must possess distinct possibilities, otherwise, it would not have been outlawed by the League of Nations.”   Ishii networked his way into good favor with the Minister of Health, Koizumi Chikahiko who lended his support in August of 1932 to allow Ishii to head an Epidemic Prevention Laboratory. Ishii secured a 1795 square meter complex at the Army Medical College. Yet this did not satisfy Ishii, it simply was not the type of work he wanted to do. The location of Tokyo allowed too many eyes on his work, he could not perform human experimentation. For what he wanted to do, he had to leave Japan, and in the 1930's Japan had a few colonies or sphere's of influence, the most appetizing one being Manchuria. In 1932 alongside his childhood friend Masuda Tomosada, Ishii took a tour of Harbin and he fell in love with the location.   During the 1930's Harbin was quite a cosmopolitan city, it was a major trading port and diverse in ethnicities and religions. Here there were Mongols, Russians, Chinese, Japanese, various other western groups in lesser numbers. Just about every religion was represented, it was a researcher's paradise for subjects. Ishii sought human experimentation and needed to find somewhere covert with maximum secrecy. He chose a place in the Nan Gang District of Beiyinhe village, roughly 70 kms southeast of Harbin. It was here and then he began human experimentation. One day in 1932, Ishii and the IJA entered the village and evacuated an entire block where Xuan Hua and Wu Miao intersected. They began occupying a multi-use structure that had been supporting 100 Chinese vendors who sold clothes and food to the locals. They then began drafting Chinese laborers to construct the Zhong Ma complex to house the “Togo Unit” named after the legendary admiral, Togo Heihachiro. The Chinese laborers were underpaid and under constant watch from Japanese guards, limiting their movement and preventing them from understanding what they were building, or what was occurring within the complex. The complex was built in under a year, it held 100 rooms, 3 meter high brick walls and had an electric fence surrounding the perimeter. One thousand captives at any given time could be imprisoned within the complex. To ensure absolute secrecy, security guards patrolled the complex 24/7. Saburo Endo, director of Operations for the Kwantung Army once inspected the Togo Unit and described it in his book “The Fifteen Years' Sino-Japanese War and Me”, as such:   [It was] converted from a rather large soy sauce workshop, surrounded by high rammed earth wall. All the attending military doctors had pseudonyms, and they were strictly regulated and were not allowed to communicate with the outsiders. The name of the unit was “Tōgō Unit.” One by one, the subjects of the experiments were imprisoned in a sturdy iron lattice and inoculated with various pathogenic bacteria to observe changes in their conditions. They used prisoners on death row in the prisons of Harbin for these experiments. It was said that it was for national defense purposes, but the experiments were performed with appalling brutality.The dead were burned in high-voltage electric furnaces, leaving no trace.    A local from the region added this about the complex “We heard rumors of people having blood drawn in there but we never went near the place. We were too afraid. When the construction started, there were about forty houses in our village, and a lot of people were driven out. About one person from each home was taken to work on the construction. People were gathered from villages from all around here, maybe about a thousand people in all. The only things we worked on were the surrounding wall and the earthen walls. The Chinese that worked on the buildings were brought in from somewhere, but we didn't know where. After everything was finished, those people were killed.”    Despite all the secrecy, it was soon discovered prisoners were being taken, primarily from the CCP and bandits who were being subjected to tests. One such test was to gradually drain a victim of blood to see at what point they would die. The unit drew 500 cc of blood from each prisoner every 3-5 days. As their bodies drew weaker, they were dissected for further research, the average prisoner lasted a maximum of a month. Due to the climate of Manchuria, it was soon established that finding methods to treat frostbite would benefit the Kwantung army. Ishii's team gathered human subjects and began freezing and unfreezing them. Sometimes these experiments included observing test subjects whose limbs had been frozen and severed. The Togo team reported to General Okamura Yasuji, the deputy commander in chief of the Kwantung army from 1933-1934 that the best way to treat frostbite was to soak a limb in 37 degree water. According to the testimony of a witness named Furuichi at trial done in Khabarovsk , “Experiments in freezing human beings were performed every year in the detachment, in the coldest months of the year—November, December, January and February. The experimental technique was as follows: the test subjects were taken out into the frost at about 11 o'clock at night, compelled to dip their hands into a barrel of cold water and forced to stand with wet hands in the frost for a long time. Alternatively, some were taken out dressed, but with bare feet and compelled to stand at night in the frost during the coldest period of the year. When frostbite had developed, the subjects were taken to a room and forced to put their feet in water of 5 degrees Celsius, after which the temperature was gradually increased.”   Sergeant Major Kurakazu who was with Unit 731 later on in 1940 and taken prisoner by the Soviets in 1945 stated during the Khabarovsk trial , “I saw experiments performed on living people for the first time in December 1940. I was shown these experiments by researcher Yoshimura, a member of the 1st Division. These experiments were performed in the prison laboratory. When I walked into the prison laboratory, ve Chinese experimentees were sitting there; two of these Chinese had no fingers at all, their hands were black; in those of three others the bones were visible. They had fingers, but they were only bones. Yoshimura told me that this was the result of freezing experiments.”   According to Major Karasawa during the same trial Ishii became curious about using plague as a weapon of war and captured plague infected mice to test on subjects in the Zhong Ma Complex “Ishii told me that he had experimented with cholera and plague on the mounted bandits of Manchuria during 1933-1934 and discovered that the plague was effective.”   According to Lt General Endo Saburo's diary entry on November 16th of 1933, at the Zhong Ma complex “The second squad which was responsible for poison gas, liquid poison; and the First Squad which was responsible for electrical experiments. Two bandits were used by each squad for the experiments.  Phosgene gas—5-minute injection of gas into a brick-lined room; the subject was still alive one day aer inhalation of gas; critically ill with pneumonia.  Potassium cyanide—the subject was injected with 15 mg.; subject lost consciousness approximately 20 minutes later.  20,000 volts—several jolts were not enough to kill the subject; injection of poison required to kill the subject.  5000 volts—several jolts were not enough; aer several minutes of continuous current, subject was burned to death.”    The Togo Unit established a strict security system to keep its research highly confidential. Yet in 1934, 16 Chinese prisoners escaped, compromising the Zhong Ma location. One of the guards had gotten drunk and a prisoner named Li smashed a bottle over his head and stole his keys. He freed 15 other prisoners and of them 4 died of cold, hunger and other ailments incurred by the Togo unit. 12 managed to flee to the 3rd route army of the Northeast Anti Japanese united Army. Upon hearing the horrifying report, the 3rd route army attacked the Togo unit at Beiyinhe and within a year, the Zhong Ma complex was exploded.    After the destruction of the Zhong Ma complex, Ishii needed a better structure. The Togo unit had impressed their superior and received a large budget. Then on May 30th of 1936 Emperor Hirohito authorized the creation of Unit 731. Thus Ishii and his colleagues were no longer part of the Epidemic Prevention Institute of the Army Medical School, now they were officially under the Kwantung Army as the Central Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department. Their new HQ was located in Pingfan, closer to Harbin. Their initial budget was 3 million yen for the personnel, 200-300 thousand yen per autonomous unit and 6 million yen for experimentation and research. Thus their new annual budget was over 10 million yen.    Pingfan was evacuated by the Kwantung army. Hundreds of families were forced to move out and sell their land at cheap prices. To increase security this time, people required a special pass to enter Pingfan. Then the airspace over the area became off-limits, excluding IJA aircraft, all violators would be shot down. The new Pingfan complex was within a walled city with more than 70 buildings over a 6 km tract of land. The complex's huge size drew some international attention, and when asked what the structure was, the scientists replied it was a lumber mill. Rather grotesquely, prisoners would be referred to as “maruta” or “logs” to keep up the charade. Suzuki, a Japanese construction company back then, worked day and night to construct the complex.    Now many of you probably know a bit about Unit 731, but did you know it's one of countless units?  The Army's Noborito Laboratory was established (1937) The Central Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department of the North China Army/ Unit 1855 was established (1938)  The Central Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department of Central China/ Unit 1644 (1939)  Thee Guangzhou Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department of South China Army/ Unit 8604 (1942)  The Central Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department of the Southern Expeditionary Army/ Unit 9620 (1942).    There were countless others, detachments included Unit 1855 in Beijing, Unit Ei 1644 in Nanjing, Unit 8604 in Guangzhou, and later Unit 9420 in Singapore. All of these units comprised Ishii's network, which, at its height in 1939, oversaw over 10,000 personnel.   Victims were normally brought to Pingfan during the dead of night within crammed freight cars with number logs on top. They were brought into the building via a secret tunnel. According to a witness named Fang Shen Yu, technicians in white lab coats handled the victims who were tied in bags. The victims included anyone charge with a crime, could be anti-japanese activity, opium smoking, espionage, being a communist, homelessness, being mentally handicap, etc. Victims included chinese, Mongolians, Koreans, White Russians, Harbin's jewish population and any Europeans accused of espionage. During the Khabarovsk trial, Major Iijima Yoshia admitted to personally subjecting 40 Soviet citizens to human experimentation. Harbin's diversity provided great research data. Each prisoner was assigned a number starting with 101 and ending at 1500. Onec 1500 was reached, they began again at 101, making it nearly impossible to estimate the total number of victims. Since the complex had been labeled a lumber mill to the locals, most did not worry about it or were too afraid to do so. The prison's warden was Ishii's brother Mitsuo who made sure to keep it all a secret.    Ethics did not exist within Ishii's network of horrors. Everything was done efficiently in the name of science. Pingfang was equipped for disposing the evidence of their work in 3 large incinerators. As a former member who worked with the incinerators recalled “the bodies always burned up fast because all the organ were gone; the bodies were empty”. Human experimentation allowed the researchers their first chance to actually examine the organs of a living person at will to see the progress of a disease. Yeah you heard me right, living person, a lot of the vivisections were done on live people. As one former researcher explained "the results of the effects of infection cannot be obtained accurately once the person dies because putrefactive bacteria set in. Putrefactive bacteria are stronger than plague germs. So, for obtaining accurate results, it is important whether the subject is alive or not." Another former researcher said this “"As soon as the symptoms were observed, the prisoner was taken from his cell and into the dissection room. He was stripped and placed on the table, screaming, trying to fight back. He was strapped down, still screaming frightfully. One of the doctors stuffed a towel into his mouth, then with one quick slice of the scalpel he was opened up." Witnesses of some of these vivisections reported that victims usually let out a horrible scream when the initial cuts were made, but that the voice stops soon after. The researchers often removed the organ of interest, leaving others in the body and the victims usually died of blood loss or because of the removed organ. There are accounts of experiments benign carried out on mothers and children, because yes children were in fact born in the facilities. Many human specimens were placed in jars to be viewed by Tokyo's army medical college. Sometimes these jars were filled with limbs or organs but some giant ones had entire bodies.   Vivisection was conducted on human beings to observe how disease affected each organ once a human dies. According to testimony given by a technician named Ogawa Fukumatsu “I participated in vivisections. I did them every day. I cannot remember the amount of people dissected. At first, I refused to do it. But then, they would not allow me to eat because it was an order; gradually I changed.” Another technician Masakuni Kuri testified  “I did vivisection at the time. Experiments were conducted on a Chinese woman with syphilis. Because she was alive, the blood poured out like water from a tap.”   A report done by Shozo Kondo studied the effects of bubonic plague on humans. The number of subjects was 57 with age ranging from toddlers to 80 years old with mixed gender. The study used fleas carrying plague that were dispersed upon the local population in June of 1940 at Changchun. 7 plague victims were Japanese residents. The report stated the plague spread because of lack of immunity by the townspeople. Subjects' survival time ranged from 2-5 days, with only 3 surviving 12, 18 and 21 days. The subjects were infected with Glandular, Cutaneous or Septicemic plague, but most had the Glandular variety.     In addition to the central units of Pingfang were others set up in Beijing, Nanjing, Guangzhou and Singapore. The total number of personnel was 20,000. These satellite facilities all had their own unique horror stories. One was located in Anda, 100km from Pingfang where outdoor tests for plague, cholera and other pathogens were down. They would expose human subjects to biological bombs, typically by putting 10-40 people in the path of a biological bomb. A lot of the research was done to see the effective radius of the bombs, so victims were placed at different distances. At Xinjing was Unit 100 and its research was done against domesticated animals, horses particularly. Unit 100 was a bacteria factory producing glanders, anthrax and other pathogens. They often ran tests by mixing poisons with food and studied its effects on animals, but they also researched chemical warfare against crops. At Guangzhou was unit 8604 with its HQ at Zhongshan medical university. It is believed starvation tests ran there, such as the water test I mentioned. They also performed typhoid tests and bred rats to spread plague. Witness testimony from a Chinese volunteer states they often dissolved the bodies of victims in acid. In Beijing was Unit 1855 which was a combination of a prison and experiment center. They ran plague, cholera and typhus tests. Prisoners were forced to ingest mixtures of germs and some were vaccinated against the ailments. In Singapore after its capture in February of 1942 there was a secret laboratory. One Mr. Othman Wok gave testimony in the 1990s that when he was 17 years old he was employed to work at this secret lab. He states 7 Chinese, Indian and Malay boys worked in the lab, picking fleas from rats and placing them in containers. Some 40 rat catchers, would haul rats to the lab for the boys to do their work. The containers with fleas went to Japanese researchers and Othman says he saw rats being injected with plague pathogens. The fleas were transferred to kerosene cans which contained dried horse blood and an unidentified chemical left to breed for weeks. Once they had plague infected fleas in large quantity Othman said "A driver who drove the trucks which transported the fleas to the railway station said that these bottles of fleas were sent off to Thailand." If this is true, it gives evidence to claims Unit 731 had a branch in Thailand as well. Othman stated he never understood or knew what was really going on at the lab, but when he read in 1944 about biological attacks on Chongqing using fleas, he decided to leave the lab. Othman states the unit was called Unit 9240.  As you can imagine rats and insects played a large role in all of this. They harvested Manchuria rat population and enlisted schoolchildren to raise them. In the 1990s the Asahi Broadcasting company made a documentary titled “the mystery of the rats that went to the continent”. It involved a small group of high school children in Saitama prefecture asked local farmers if they knew anything about rat farming during the war years. Many stated everybody back then was raising rats, it was a major source of income. One family said they had rat cages piled up in a shed, each cage built to carry 6 rat, but they had no idea what the rats were being used for. Now hear this, after the war, the US military kept these same families in business. The US army unit 406 which was established in Tokyo to research viruses wink wink, would often drive out to these farms in their american jeeps collecting rats.  Getting fleas was a much tricker task. One method was taking older Chinese prisoners and quarantining them with clothes carrying flea or flea eggs and allowing them to live in isolated rooms to cultivate more fleas. These poor guys had to live in filth and not shave for weeks to produce around 100 fleas a day. Now Unit 731 dealt with numerous diseases such as Cholera.  Some experiments used dogs to spread cholera to villages. They would steal dogs from villages, feed them pork laced with cholera germs and return them to the villages. When the disease finished incubating the dogs would vomit and other dogs would come and eat the vomit spread it more and more. The dogs were also stricken with diarrhea and the feces spread it to other dogs as well. 20% of the people in villages hit by this died of the disease. Former army captain Kojima Takeo was a unit member involved in a Cholera campaign and added this testimony "We were told that we were going out on a cholera campaign, and we were all given inoculations against cholera ten days before starting out. Our objective was to infect all the people in the area. The disease had already developed before we got there, and as we moved into the village everyone scattered. The only ones left were those who were too sick to move. The number of people coming down with the disease kept increasing. Cholera produces a face like a skeleton, vomiting, and diarrhea. And the vomiting and defecating of the people lying sick brought flies swarming around. One after the other, people died." I've mentioned it a lot, Plague was a staple of Unit 731. The IJA wanted a disease that was fast and fatal, Cholera for instance took about 20 days, plague on the other hand starts killing in 3 days. Plague also has a very long history of use going back to the medieval times. It was one of the very first diseases Ishii focused on. In october of 1940 a plague attack was conducted against the Kaimingjie area in the port city of Ningbo. This was a joint operation with Unit 731 and the Nanjing based Unit 1644. During this operation plague germs were mixed with wheat, corn, cloth scraps and cotton and dropped from the air. More than 100 people died within a few days of the attack and the affected area was sealed off from the public until the 1960s.  Another horrifying test was the frostbite experiments. Army Engineer Hisato Yoshimura conducted these types of experiments by taking prisoners outside, dipping various appendages into water of varying temperatures and allowing the limbs to freeze. Once frozen, Yoshimura would strike their affected limbs with a short stick and in his words “they would emit a sound resembling that which a board gives when it is struck”. Ice was then chipping away with the affected area being subjected to various treatments, such as being doused in water, exposed to heat and so on. I have to mentioned here, that to my shock there is film of these specific frostbite experiments and one of our animators at Kings and Generals found it, I have seen a lot of things in my day, but seeing this was absolute nightmare fuel. If you have seen the movie or series Snowpiercer, they pretty much nail what it looked like.  Members of Unit 731 referred to Yoshimura as a “scientific devil” and a “cold blooded animal” because he would conduct his work with strictness. Naoji Uezono another member of Unit 731, described in a 1980s interview a disgusting scene where Yoshimura had "two naked men put in an area 40–50 degrees below zero and researchers filmed the whole process until [the subjects] died. [The subjects] suffered such agony they were digging their nails into each other's flesh". Yoshimuras lack of any remorse was evident in an article he wrote for the Journal of Japanese Physiology in 1950 where he admitted to using 20 children and 3 day old infant in experiments which exposed them to zero degree celsius ice and salt water. The article drew criticism and no shit, but Yoshimura denied any guilt when contacted by a reporter from the Mainichi Shimbun. Yoshimura developed a “resistance index of frostbite” based on the mean temperature of 5 - 30 minutes after immersion in freezing water, the temperature of the first rise after immersion and the time until the temperature first rises after immersion. In a number of separate experiments he determined how these parameters depended on the time of day a victim's body part was immersed in freezing water, the surrounding temperature and humidity during immersion, how the victim had been treated before the immersion ("after keeping awake for a night", "after hunger for 24 hours", "after hunger for 48 hours", "immediately after heavy meal", "immediately after hot meal", "immediately after muscular exercise", "immediately after cold bath", "immediately after hot bath"), what type of food the victim had been fed over the five days preceding the immersions with regard to dietary nutrient intake ("high protein (of animal nature)", "high protein (of vegetable nature)", "low protein intake", and "standard diet"), and salt intake. Members of Unit 731 also worked with Syphilis, where they orchestrated forced sex acts between infected and noninfected prisoners to transmit the disease. One testimony given by a prisoner guard was as follows “Infection of venereal disease by injection was abandoned, and the researchers started forcing the prisoners into sexual acts with each other. Four or five unit members, dressed in white laboratory clothing completely covering the body with only eyes and mouth visible, rest covered, handled the tests. A male and female, one infected with syphilis, would be brought together in a cell and forced into sex with each other. It was made clear that anyone resisting would be shot.” After victims were infected, they would be vivisected at differing stages of infection so that the internal and external organs could be observed as the disease progressed. Testimony from multiple guards blamed the female victims as being hosts of the diseases, even as they were forcibly infected. Genitals of female prisoners were infected with syphilis and the guards would call them “jam filled buns”. Even some children were born or grew up in the walls of Unit 731, infected with syphilis. One researcher recalled “one was a Chinese women holding an infant, one was a white russian woman with a daughter of 4 or 5 years of age, and the last was a white russian women with a boy of about 6 or 7”. The children of these women were tested in ways similar to the adults.  There was also of course rape and forced pregnancies as you could guess. Female prisoners were forced to become pregnant for use in experiments. The hypothetical possibility of transmission from mother to child of diseases, particularly syphilis was the rationale for the experiments. Fetal survival and damage to the womans reproductive organs were objects of interest. A large number of babies were born in captivity and there had been no accounts of any survivor of Unit 731, children included. It is suspected that the children of the female prisoners were killed after birth or aborted. One guard gave a testimony “One of the former researchers I located told me that one day he had a human experiment scheduled, but there was still time to kill. So he and another unit member took the keys to the cells and opened one that housed a Chinese woman. One of the unit members raped her; the other member took the keys and opened another cell. There was a Chinese woman in there who had been used in a frostbite experiment. She had several fingers missing and her bones were black, with gangrene set in. He was about to rape her anyway, then he saw that her sex organ was festering, with pus oozing to the surface. He gave up the idea, left and locked the door, then later went on to his experimental work.” In a testimony given on December 28 by witness Furuichi during the Khabarovsk Trial, he described how “a Russian woman was infected with syphilis to allow the scientists to and out how to prevent the spread of the disease.  Many babies were born to women who had been captured and become experimental subjects. Some women were kidnapped while pregnant; others became pregnant aer forced sex acts in the prisons, enabling researchers to study the transmission of venereal disease   Initially Unit 731 and Unit 100 were going to support Japan's Kantokuen plan. The Kantokuen plan an operation plan to be carried out by the Kwantung army to invade the USSR far east, capitalizing on the success of operation barbarossa. Unit 731 and 100 were to prepare bacteriological weapons to help the invasion. The plan was created by the IJA general staff and approved by Emperor Hirohito. It would have involved three-steps to isolate and destroy the Soviet Army and occupy the eastern soviet cities over the course of 6 months. It would have involved heavy use of chemical and biological weapons. The Japanese planned to spread disease using three methods; direct spraying from aircraft, bacteria bombs and saboteurs on the ground. This would have included plague, cholera, typhus and other diseases against troops, civilian populations, livestocks, crops and water supplies. The main targets were Blagoveshchensk, Khabarovsk, Voroshilov, and Chita. If successful the Soviet Far East would be incorporated into Japan's greater east asia co-prosperity sphere. Within Kantokuen documents, Emperor Hirohtio instructed Ishii to increase production rate at the units, for those not convinced Hirohito was deeply involved in some of the worst actions of the war. Yet in the end both Emperor Hirohito and Hideki Tojo pulled their support for the invasion of the USSR and opted for the Nanshin-ron strategy instead.    On August 9th of 1945 the Soviet Union declared war on Japan and invaded Manchuria. In response, the Japanese government ordered all research facilities in Manchuria to be destroyed and to erase all incriminating materials. A skeleton crew began the liquidation of unit 731 on August 9th or 10th, while the rest of the unit evacuated. All test subjects were killed and cremated so no remains would be found. The design of the facilities however, made them hard to destroy via bombing, several parts of the buildings left standing when the Soviets arrived. While most of the unit's staff managed to escape, including Ishii, some were captured by the soviets. Some of these prisoners told the Soviets about the atrocities committed at Pingfang and Changchun. At first the claims seemed so outrageous, the Soviets sent their own Biological Weapons specialists to examine the ruins of Ping Fang. After a thorough investigation, the Soviet experts confirmed the experiments had been done there. The real soviet investigation into the secrets of Unit 731 and 100 began in early 1946, thus information was not readily available during the Tokyo Tribunal. Both the Americans and SOviets had collected evidence during the war that indicated the Japanese were in possession of bacteriological weapons though. Amongst the 600,000 Japanese prisoners of war in the USSR, Major General Kiyoshi Kawashima and Major Tomoio Karasawa would become essential to uncovering the Japanese bacteriological warfare secrets and opening the path to hold the Khabarovsk trial. The Soviets and Americans spent quite a few years performing investigations, many of which led to no arrests. The major reason for this was similar to Operation Paperclip. For those unaware, paperclip was a American secret intelligence program where 1600 German scientists were taken after the war and employed, many of whom were nazi party officials. The most famous of course was Wernher von Braun. When the Americans looked into the Japanese bacteriological work, they were surprised to find the Japanese were ahead of them in some specific areas, notably ones involving human experimentation. General Charles Willoughby of G-2 american intelligence called to attention that all the data extracted from live human testing was out of the reach of the USA. By the end of 1947, with the CCP looking like they might defeat Chiang Kai-Shek and the Soviet Union proving to be their new enemy, the US sought to form an alliance with Japan, and this included their Bacteriological specialists. From October to December, Drs Edwin Hill and Joseph Victor from Camp Detrick were sent to Tokyo to gather information from Ishii and his colleagues. Their final conclusion laid out the importance of continuing to learn from the Japanese teams, and grant them immunity. The British were also receiving some reports from the Americans about the Japanese Bacteriological research and human experimentation. The British agreed with the Americans that the information was invaluable due to the live human beings used in the tests. The UK and US formed some arrangements to retain the information and keep it secret. By late 1948 the Tokyo War Crimes Trial was coming to an end as the cold war tension was heating up in Korea, pushing the US more and more to want to retain the information and keep it all under wraps.  With formal acceptance, final steps were undertaken, much of which was overseen by General Douglas MacArthur. On May 6, 1947, Douglas MacArthur wrote to Washington that "additional data, possibly some statements from Ishii probably can be obtained by informing Japanese involved that information will be retained in intelligence channels and will not be employed as 'War Crimes' evidence.” Ishii and his colleagues received full immunity from the Tokyo War Crimes Trial. Ishii was hired by the US government to lecture American officers at Fort Detrick on bioweapons and the findings made by Unit 731. During the Korean War Ishii reportedly traveled to Korea to take part in alleged American biological warfare activities. On February 22nd of 1952, Ishiiwas explicitly named in a statement made by the North Korean FOreign Minister, claiming he along with other "Japanese bacteriological war criminals had been involved in systematically spreading large quantities of bacteria-carrying insects by aircraft in order to disseminate contagious diseases over our frontline positions and our rear". Ishii would eventually return to Japan, where he opened a clinic, performing examinations and treatments for free. He would die from laryngeal cancer in 1959 and according to his daughter became a Roman Catholic shortly before his death.  According to an investigation by The Guardian, after the war, former members of Unit 731 conducted human experiments on Japanese prisoners, babies, and mental patients under the guise of vaccine development, with covert funding from the U.S. government. Masami Kitaoka, a graduate of Unit 1644, continued performing experiments on unwilling Japanese subjects from 1947 to 1956 while working at Japan's National Institute of Health Sciences. He infected prisoners with rickettsia and mentally ill patients with typhus. Shiro Ishii, the chief of the unit, was granted immunity from prosecution for war crimes by American occupation authorities in exchange for providing them with human experimentation research materials. From 1948 to 1958, less than five percent of these documents were transferred to microfilm and stored in the U.S. National Archives before being shipped back to Japan.

In „Kim's Impulse ToGo“ bekommst du in nur 3 Minuten einen stärkenden Gedanken für deinen Alltag. Heute geht es um Ablehnung im Beruf, sei es durch ein Nein oder eine Absage. Vielleicht kennst du diese Momente, in denen es sich so anfühlt, als ob nicht nur deine Arbeit, sondern du als Mensch abgelehnt wurdest. In diesem Impuls erinnerst du dich daran: Dein Wert hängt nicht davon ab, ob andere Ja zu dir sagen. Mit einer kurzen Atemübung und einer inneren Erinnerung stärkst du deinen Selbstwert und findest zurück in deine innere Kraft.

L'église Saint-Joseph accueille, pour la deuxième année consécutive, un événement musical à ne pas manquer ! Dans un cadre à l'acoustique chaleureuse, la chorale Joy Gospel, dirigée par Fanuel Apetcho, partagera la scène avec l'ensemble d'accordéon Mélodia, sous la direction de René Litolff. En présence également de la chanteuse Prisca Agbo et de la Chorale Evangelism Choir du Togo, ce concert offre un beau spectacle mais c'est aussi un projet caritatif ! Depuis plus de 10ans, les choristes de 5 chorales, sous l'égide de Joy Gospel œuvrent à la réalisation d'un projet appelé « Arbre de Vie » : la construction d'un centre socio culturel au Togo.Informations pratiques : Dimanche 05 octobre 2025, à 16hÉglise Saint Joseph de HaguenauTarif : 12€Réservations sur helloasso.comLes interviews sont également à retrouver sur les plateformes Spotify, Deezer, Apple Podcasts, Podcast Addict ou encore Amazon Music.Hébergé par Ausha. Visitez ausha.co/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

C'est l'une des voix qui ressonnent très fort sur les scènes de la musique traditionnelle et moderne du Togo. Lorsqu'il interprête ses chansons, Kossi Apeson est comme un chef traditionnel voire un empereur qui prône l'amour, la cohésion sociale et le vivre ensemble. De passage à Bonn, l'artiste togolais a pulsé avec nous dans les studios de la DW.

This week we talk about how Power-Rangers-meets-isekai in The Red Ranger Becomes an Adventurer in Another World, where the MC Togo “dies” but wakes in a fantasy world, we laugh about the stat sheet and how his lists punch and kick separately and some subtle gags and the classic Power Ranger trope where enemies randomly explode on defeat. We note a teased “silver” ranger, bandage/bond visual puns like “adhesion squad” and “bond breakers” with a late-season tone shift that suddenly goes dark.The Red Ranger Becomes an Adventurer in Another World mashes heroics and isekai comedy. Togo, the red leader of the Kizuna Five, dies(?) during a last stand against his nemesis and wakes up in a fantasy world where magic users can't make sense of his techy ranger gear. In the new world he keeps doing hero work as Kizuna Red, while he eventually teams up with the headstrong mage Yihdra Arvoln, princess Teltina, and knightly bodyguard Lowji to take on the forces of “evil”.Next Week's Pick: "Chivalry of a Failed Knight"Have you had the chance to watch Red Ranger becomes an adventure in another world or any of our previous selections? We'd love to hear your thoughts and recommendations for future picks!Check out CJ's PodcastAnime AnonymousDeals for You:Supporting your anime binge sessions is what we do best! Here are some exclusive deals that'll make your anime-watching experience even better.Crunchyroll Affiliate Offers: Get 15% off your first anime merch order here. Stream your favorite anime with Crunchyroll. Start Your Free TrialTokyoTreat Special: Use code "FEATUREDANIME" for $5 off your first box through this TokyoTreat link.Looking for some podcast merch? We've got you covered: Main Store Alternative ShopSupport Our PodcastLove what we do? Support the podcast through Patreon! You can get access to ad-free episodes, bonus content, and more.Support us on PatreonStay Connected With UsDon't miss out on our latest episodes or discussions! Join us across our social channels and be part of the community: Contact Us Anime List: Check out our anime list on MyAnimeList. Twitch: Watch us live on twitch.tv/featuredanimepodcast Email: info@featuredanimepodcast.com X (Twitter): @ThoseAnimeGuys Facebook: Featured Anime Podcast Discord: Join our DiscordAnime Info and Our Ratings: Producers: Square Enix, Nippon Columbia, AT-X, Tokyo MX, SUN TV, BS11, TV Aichi, KBS Kyoto Studio: Satelight Source: Manga Genres: Comedy, Isekai, Action, Fantasy Aired: January 2025 - March 2025 Number of Episodes: 12Our Scores: Jack's Score: 8 / 10 Rick's Score: 8 / 10

Deux figures de la « green Tech » s'affichent au menu de la sélection de cette semaine. La Tunisienne Khouloud Ayachi, ingénieure environnementaliste, a créé Meps, une start-up destinée à aider les agriculteurs et éleveurs à préserver leurs activités en créant de la valeur ajoutée à partir des biodéchets. La Togolaise Nadine Couao Zotti est titulaire d'un master en villes durables. Elle a également suivi une spécialisation dans les technologies de la biomasse et des bioénergies. Sa start up Africa Ecoworld produit du charbon écologique à base de déchets agricoles et organiques.

Many of us complain about government, but did you know that God considers government one of His servants? This is what we will find out this Sunday as we study Romans 13:1-7. God has given government to do good and punish the evildoer, but more importantly, teach us to submit to authority because it is sourced in Him. No wonder why God wants us to pray for those in authority, submit to them and pay our taxes. Come this Sunday with your open Bibles and open minds as well as open hearts as we will hear testimonies of what God is doing in Togo, West Africa from Global Aid Network.

Des chili mexicains, aux falafels, ou autres riz sauce pois haïtien : les légumineuses sont de toutes les cuisines du monde. Bonnes pour la planète, pour la santé, savoureuses, belles, malines, alliées des petits budgets, les légumineuses sont des trésors injustement snobés au Nord. Haricots, lentilles, fèves, pois cassés, chiches, pois d'Angole ou lentilles beluga, leur inventaire est local et infini, et les manières de les préparer multiples et variées, en friture, en purée, en galettes ! Elles sont aussi vectrices de symboles, de rites : prenez, par exemple, ces lentilles cuisinées et partagées au Nouvel an en se souhaitant santé et prospérité, pour dons, par vœux, pour les mariages. Elles ont un caractère sacré, identitaire, elles se préparent à plusieurs, réunissent et sèment dans les plats de la couleur. Il est même dit des fèves qu'elles sont l'âme des Égyptiens… Avec Zohra Levacher, cheffe et fondatrice de SONAT, rue 5, rue Bourdaloue à Paris, autrice de Chiche, osez les légumineuses aux éditions Ülmer, et «So nat, des légumes et du goût», toujours chez Ulmer Zohra est sur instagram. Les gourmandes et très belles photos de Chiche !, sont de Franck Juery Emma Anquez fait fermenter ses pois chiches et haricots rouges avant de les transformer en pâtes à tartiner. La fermentation les rend plus digestes et leur donne ce petit goût inimitable :  elle a créé les frimeuses, et remporté le Prix innovation nutrition à Écotrophélia en 2022. Sur instagram. Dans l'émission, on s'assied chez Jabiru café, le restaurant africain de Gilles Dolatabadi, à Strasbourg, dans le quartier de Krütenau. C'est Marie, sa mère qui est en cuisine. Chaque mois, au menu, une suggestion : un plat en lien avec un événement ayant eu lieu, le mois en cours. Une suggestion fouillée, réfléchie et expliquée par le fondateur passionné du Jabiru. Pour ce mois de septembre 2025, la suggestion est le yêke-yêke, un plat de festival Guin et Mina célébré au Togo.   Pour vous léguminer : - Cuisine végétarienne, d'Estérelle Payany, aux éditions Flammarion - La cuisine libanaise de Beyrouth à Paris, d'Andrée Maalouf et Karim Haïdar, aux éditions Albin Michel - Les épices Shira - Les pois chiches Desi découverts par Zohra, lors de la rédaction de son livre - Je mange pour le futur, la page instagram est le reflet des travaux de la chaire Anca Agroparitech pour sensibiliser à l'alimentation durable. En images Programmation musicale : El Juego, de Lorenda Blume et Lido Pimienta.

Des chili mexicains, aux falafels, ou autres riz sauce pois haïtien : les légumineuses sont de toutes les cuisines du monde. Bonnes pour la planète, pour la santé, savoureuses, belles, malines, alliées des petits budgets, les légumineuses sont des trésors injustement snobés au Nord. Haricots, lentilles, fèves, pois cassés, chiches, pois d'Angole ou lentilles beluga, leur inventaire est local et infini, et les manières de les préparer multiples et variées, en friture, en purée, en galettes ! Elles sont aussi vectrices de symboles, de rites : prenez, par exemple, ces lentilles cuisinées et partagées au Nouvel an en se souhaitant santé et prospérité, pour dons, par vœux, pour les mariages. Elles ont un caractère sacré, identitaire, elles se préparent à plusieurs, réunissent et sèment dans les plats de la couleur. Il est même dit des fèves qu'elles sont l'âme des Égyptiens… Avec Zohra Levacher, cheffe et fondatrice de SONAT, rue 5, rue Bourdaloue à Paris, autrice de Chiche, osez les légumineuses aux éditions Ülmer, et «So nat, des légumes et du goût», toujours chez Ulmer Zohra est sur instagram. Les gourmandes et très belles photos de Chiche !, sont de Franck Juery Emma Anquez fait fermenter ses pois chiches et haricots rouges avant de les transformer en pâtes à tartiner. La fermentation les rend plus digestes et leur donne ce petit goût inimitable :  elle a créé les frimeuses, et remporté le Prix innovation nutrition à Écotrophélia en 2022. Sur instagram. Dans l'émission, on s'assied chez Jabiru café, le restaurant africain de Gilles Dolatabadi, à Strasbourg, dans le quartier de Krütenau. C'est Marie, sa mère qui est en cuisine. Chaque mois, au menu, une suggestion : un plat en lien avec un événement ayant eu lieu, le mois en cours. Une suggestion fouillée, réfléchie et expliquée par le fondateur passionné du Jabiru. Pour ce mois de septembre 2025, la suggestion est le yêke-yêke, un plat de festival Guin et Mina célébré au Togo.   Pour vous léguminer : - Cuisine végétarienne, d'Estérelle Payany, aux éditions Flammarion - La cuisine libanaise de Beyrouth à Paris, d'Andrée Maalouf et Karim Haïdar, aux éditions Albin Michel - Les épices Shira - Les pois chiches Desi découverts par Zohra, lors de la rédaction de son livre - Je mange pour le futur, la page instagram est le reflet des travaux de la chaire Anca Agroparitech pour sensibiliser à l'alimentation durable. En images Programmation musicale : El Juego, de Lorenda Blume et Lido Pimienta.

Les journalistes et experts de RFI répondent également à vos questions sur des migrants ouest-africains expulsés du Ghana vers le Togo et la mission multinationale en Haïti. Danemark : la Russie est-elle derrière les drones non-identifiés ?  Pour la troisième fois depuis le début de la semaine, des drones ont fait des incursions dans l'espace aérien du Danemark, au-dessus de plusieurs aéroports. Après des incidents similaires en Norvège, Pologne, Roumanie et Estonie, la responsabilité du Kremlin est pointée du doigt. Que sait-on de l'implication russe ? Comment les pays européens visés comptent-ils riposter ? Avec Franck Alexandre, journaliste spécialiste des questions de défense et de sécurité à RFI.    Ghana : que sait-on des migrants ouest-africains envoyés au Togo ?   À peine accueillis par le Ghana, six des quatorze migrants expulsés des États-Unis ont été renvoyés vers le Togo. Comment le gouvernement justifie-t-il cette décision ? L'avocat représentant ces ressortissants dénonce une «détention illégale». Comment expliquer de telles accusations ?   Avec Victor Cariou, correspondant de RFI à Accra.     Haïti : pourquoi le Kenya tape sur la table ?   En marge de l'Assemblée générale des Nations unies, le président kényan William Ruto a exprimé son exaspération face au manque de soutien international à la mission dirigée par son pays pour lutter contre les gangs en Haïti. Quel rôle joue le Kenya sur le terrain ? Dans ce contexte, les autorités kényanes pourraient-elles finir par se désengager ? Avec Wiener Kerns Fleurimond, journaliste et écrivain. Auteur de l'ouvrage « Haïti : de l'opposition à l'assassinat d'un chef d'État » (éditions L'Harmattan).   Et en fin d'émission, la chronique « Un œil sur les réseaux » de Jessica Taieb. Aujourd'hui, elle revient sur les réactions des internautes après l'annonce puis l'annulation d'un concert du chanteur malien Sidiki Diabaté au stade Félix Houphouët-Boigny d'Abidjan en soutien à Alassane Ouattara.

From the Williams Broadcasting Studio join John, Dr. Matt, and Cyndi Robbins of Poland Spring talking about Togo the Maine State Dog!!!!

durée : 00:31:32 - Les Pieds sur terre - par : Sonia Kronlund, Olivia Müller - Pierre-Koffi Alanda est un paysan togolais installé dans un hameau des Alpes-Maritimes. Sur ces terres où le RN bat tous les records, il cultive ses parcelles en agriculture biologique et chante pour rompre la solitude des champs. - réalisation : Peire Legras

"Elles X Paris Photo est une mise en lumière de l'artiste. Avec ce parcours il y a de la visibilité pour l'artiste et la galerie" Pour cet épisode, la galeriste Carole Kvasnevski nous a accueilli sur son stand à Paris Photo (secteur Émergence) pour échanger ensemble sur son parcours en tant que galeriste et nous parler du travail de l'artiste Hélène Amouzou présentée à cette occasion dans le cadre du parcours Elles x Paris Photo. Carole Onambélé Kvasnevski est galeriste d'art, commissaire d'exposition indépendante membre du collectif et de la revue d'art Afrikadaa. Elle fonde en 2010, à Paris, la galerie d'art Carole Kvasnevski, un espace qui assure la médiation culturelle. Dès 2016, Carole engage son identité africaine et développe depuis la promotion d'artistes émergents et confirmés du continent africain et de ses diasporas. La ligne curatoriale de la galerie promeut principalement les créations qui soulèvent des interrogations environnementales et sociétales. Représentée par la galerie Carole Kvasnevski, Hélène Amouzou est une photographe née en 1960 au Togo. Elle vit et travaille à Bruxelles. Hélène Amouzou prend le chemin de l'exil à l'âge de vingt-trois ans. Elle passe par l'Allemagne, où elle donne naissance à sa fille, avant d'arriver en Belgique en octobre 1997. Là commence une vie de luttes, jusqu'à l'obtention de sa carte de séjour en 2009, avant de devenir citoyenne belge en 2015. Si elle ressent d'abord un malaise quant au thème de l'autoportrait, elle y revient progressivement deux années plus tard, pour s'y consacrer pleinement. L'installation “Nye Nonometata” présentée dans le cadre du parcours “Elles x Paris Photo” est une série d'autoportraits liée à l'histoire personnelle d'Hélène Amouzou, son exil, sa traversée du Togo vers la Belgique, que l'artiste exprime d'une manière intime.

“You're supposed to represent power!”This episode about Egyptian mythology also includes history about The Great Race for Mercy, during which Darien mistakenly refers to an important sled dog as “Fox” when his name was actually Togo. Deepest apologies. Those responsible have been sacked. Other topics include many Horus Variants, a Peregrine Falcon PSA, Young Horus as a symbol of hope, a very cool-sounding festival tradition that was probably pretty meh actually, strategic connections to godly iconography, a side tangent about sixth grade social studies, and Horus being a big, fat cheater. Content Warning: This episode contains mentions of and conversations about gun violence, death, and the afterlife. Spoilers for SMITE, Aladdin: King of Thieves, The Mummy Returns, and Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian Learn more about Sandy Hook Promise: https://www.sandyhookpromise.org/DJ and the Plucky Squire bonus episode available NOW on Patreon! https://www.patreon.com/musesofmythologyAbout UsMuses of Mythology was created and co-hosted by Darien and DJ Smartt.Our music is Athens Festival by Martin Haene. Our cover art is by Ranpakoka. Find him on Instagram @Ranpakoka Love the podcast? Support us on Patreon and get instant access to bloopers, outtakes, and bonus episodes! Patreon.com/musesofmythologyGet you hands on podcast merch at Musesofmythology.com/merchFind us @MusesOfMyth on Instagram. Find all of our episodes and episode transcripts at MusesOfMythology.com----------------------- Support the showNo portion of this episode may be used for AI training purposes or to create derivative works without express written permission from the creators and co-hosts Darien Smartt or Davis Smartt.

Deux chiens et un chat traversent un pays pour retrouver leurs maîtres...Victoire, Jeanne et Constance comparent le roman L'Incroyable Voyage de Sheila Burnford à son adaptation cinéma par Duwayne Dunham. Deux chiens et un chat sont confiés aux bons soins d'un ami de la famille pendant l'absence de leurs maîtres. Mais un jour, ils décident de partir pour rentrer chez eux : c'est le début d'un long périple de plusieurs semaines et de centaines de kilomètres à travers une nature hostile...Le film de Duwayne Dunham est-il fidèle au livre dont il est tiré ? Réponse dans l'épisode !4 min 12 : On commence par parler du récit L'Incroyable Voyage de Sheila Burnford, paru en 1961.41 min : On enchaîne sur l'adaptation en film sortie en 1993 et réalisée par Duwayne Dunham.1 h 51 : On termine sur nos recommandations autour des animaux et des road trips.Avez-vous lu ou vu L'Incroyable Voyage ?Recommandations :Les Fourmis, écrit par Bernard Weber (1991)La Mécanique du Cœur, écrit par Mathias Malzieu (2007)Togo, réalisé par Ericson Core (2019)Balto, réalisé par Simon Wells (1995)Dingo et Max, réalisé par Kevin Lima (1995)Les Aristochats, réalisé par Wolfgang Reitherman (1970)

Dans ce numéro de Capsule santé, on parle de la solitude qui affecte tant les personnes âgées que les plus jeunes. Anna Carthaus du département des sciences de la Deutsche Welle a interrogé à ce sujet le Dr Sonia Kanekatoua-Agbolo Noamessi, psychiatre à Lomé, au Togo. Dans la seconde partie du magazine, nous irons au Burundi où les autorités tentent de réorganiser le secteur de la pharmacie.

Togolese Prime Minister Faure Gnassingbe's sister-in-law, who's also the ex Defence Minister, has been arrested after calling for end to family rule.How aid cuts and crocodile attacks are contributing to malnutrition in northern Kenya.And why do Niger, Mali and Burkina Faso apparently want to leave the International Criminal Court?Presenter: Charles Gitonga Producers : Mark Wilberforce, Bella Hassan, Nyasha Michelle and Sunita Nahar in London. Jewel Kiriungi in Nairobi. Senior Producer: Paul Bakibinga Technical producer: Jack Graysmark. Editors: Andre Lombard, Samuel Murunga, Maryam Abdalla and Alice Muthengi

Chegou o momento do já tradicional episódio duplo sobre o IgNobel, que tem como missão "honrar estudos e experiências que primeiro fazem as pessoas rir e depois pensar", com as descobertas científicas mais estranhas do ano.Esta é a primeira de duas partes sobre a edição 2025 do prêmio, com as categorias Literatura, Psicologia, Nutrição, Biologia e Química.Confira no papo entre o leigo curioso, Ken Fujioka, e o cientista PhD, Altay de Souza.> OUÇA (52min 22s)*Naruhodo! é o podcast pra quem tem fome de aprender. Ciência, senso comum, curiosidades, desafios e muito mais. Com o leigo curioso, Ken Fujioka, e o cientista PhD, Altay de Souza.Edição: Reginaldo Cursino.http://naruhodo.b9.com.br*APOIO: INSIDERIlustríssima ouvinte, ilustríssimo ouvinte do Naruhodo,sabe qual a minha peça coringa no guarda-roupas?É a Camiseta Oversized T-Shirt da INSIDER.Trampo? Ela cai bem.Lazer? Ela cai muito bem.É macia.É elástica.É anti-odor.Não desbota com o tempo.Não precisa passar.Regula a temperatura corporal.Entendeu por que ela é minha peça coringa?E, em Setembro, o Mês do Cliente, você tem a melhor oportunidade para começar a comprar INSIDER: combinando o cupom NARUHODO com os descontos do site, o seu desconto total pode chegar a até 50%!Isso mesmo: sua compra pode sair até pela metade do preço.Mas tem que acessar pela URL especial:creators.insiderstore.com.br/NARUHODOOu clicar no link da descrição deste episódio:o cupom será aplicado automaticamente no carrinho.INSIDER: inteligência em cada escolha.#InsiderStore*REFERÊNCIASThe 35th First Annual Ig Nobel Ceremony (2025)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z1cP4xKd_L4PRÊMIO DE LITERATURA [EUA]O falecido Dr. William B. Bean, por registrar e analisar persistentemente, durante 35 anos, a taxa de crescimento de uma de suas unhas. “A Note on Fingernail Growth,” William B. Bean, Journal of Investigative Dermatology, vol. 20, no. 1, January 1953, pp. 27-31. “A Discourse on Nail Growth and Unusual Fingernails,” William B. Bean, Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association, vol. 74, 1962; pp. 152-67. “Nail Growth. Twenty-Five Years' Observation,” William B. Bean, Archives of Internal Medicine, vol. 122, no. 4, October 1968, pp. 359-61. “Nail Growth: 30 Years of Observation,” William B. Bean, Archives of Internal Medicine, vol. 134, no. 3, September 1974, pp. 497-502. “Some Notes of an Aging Nail Watcher,” William B. Bean, International Journal of Dermatology, vol. 15, no. 3, April 1976, pp. 225-30. “Nail Growth. Thirty-Five Years of Observation,” William B. Bean, Archives of Internal Medicine, vol. 140, no. 1, January 1980, pp. 73-6.  Vreeman, R. C; Carroll, A. E (2007). "Medical myths". BMJ. 335 (7633): 1288–9. doi:10.1136/bmj.39420.420370.25PRÊMIO DE PSICOLOGIA [POLÔNIA, AUSTRÁLIA, CANADÁ]Marcin Zajenkowski e Gilles Gignac, por investigarem o que acontece quando você diz a pessoas narcisistas — ou a qualquer outra pessoa — que elas são inteligentes. “Telling People They Are Intelligent Correlates with the Feeling of Narcissistic Uniqueness: The Influence of IQ Feedback on Temporary State Narcissism,” Marcin Zajenkowski and Gilles E. Gignac, Intelligence, vol. 89, November–December 2021, 101595.  PRÊMIO DE NUTRIÇÃO [NIGÉRIA, TOGO, ITÁLIA, FRANÇA]Daniele Dendi, Gabriel H. Segniagbeto, Roger Meek e Luca Luiselli, por estudarem em que medida um certo tipo de lagarto escolhe comer certos tipos de pizza. “Opportunistic Foraging Strategy of Rainbow Lizards at a Seaside Resort in Togo,” Daniele Dendi, Gabriel H. Segniagbeto, Roger Meek, and Luca Luiselli, African Journal of Ecology, vol. 61, no. 1, 2023, pp. 226-227.  PRÊMIO DE BIOLOGIA [JAPÃO]Tomoki Kojima, Kazato Oishi, Yasushi Matsubara, Yuki Uchiyama, Yoshihiko Fukushima, Naoto Aoki, Say Sato, Tatsuaki Masuda, Junichi Ueda, Hiroyuki Hirooka e Katsutoshi Kino, por seus experimentos para descobrir se vacas pintadas com listras semelhantes às de zebras podem evitar ser picadas por moscas. “Cows Painted with Zebra-Like Striping Can Avoid Biting Fly Attack,” Tomoki Kojima, Kazato Oishi, Yasushi Matsubara, Yuki Uchiyama, Yoshihiko Fukushima, Naoto Aoki, Say Sato, Tatsuaki Masuda, Junichi Ueda, Hiroyuki Hirooka, and Katsutoshi Kino, PLoS ONE, vol. 14, no. 10, 2019, e0223447.  PRÊMIO DE QUÍMICA [EUA, ISRAEL]Rotem Naftalovich, Daniel Naftalovich e Frank Greenway, por experimentos para testar se comer Teflon [uma forma de plástico mais formalmente chamada “politetrafluoretileno”] é uma boa maneira de aumentar o volume do alimento e, portanto, a saciedade sem aumentar o conteúdo calórico. “Polytetrafluoroethylene Ingestion as a Way to Increase Food Volume and Hence Satiety Without Increasing Calorie Content,” Rotem Naftalovich, Daniel Naftalovich, and Frank L. Greenway, Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, vol. 10, no. 4, July 2016, pp. 971–976. “Use of Nondigestible Nonfibrous Volumizer of Meal Content as a Method for Increasing Feeling of Satiety,” Rotem Naftalovich  and Daniel Naftalovich, U.S. Patent 9,924,736, issued March 27, 2018.  *APOIE O NARUHODO!O Altay e eu temos duas mensagens pra você.A primeira é: muito, muito obrigado pela sua audiência. Sem ela, o Naruhodo sequer teria sentido de existir. Você nos ajuda demais não só quando ouve, mas também quando espalha episódios para familiares, amigos - e, por que não?, inimigos.A segunda mensagem é: existe uma outra forma de apoiar o Naruhodo, a ciência e o pensamento científico - apoiando financeiramente o nosso projeto de podcast semanal independente, que só descansa no recesso do fim de ano.Manter o Naruhodo tem custos e despesas: servidores, domínio, pesquisa, produção, edição, atendimento, tempo... Enfim, muitas coisas para cobrir - e, algumas delas, em dólar.A gente sabe que nem todo mundo pode apoiar financeiramente. E tá tudo bem. Tente mandar um episódio para alguém que você conhece e acha que vai gostar.A gente sabe que alguns podem, mas não mensalmente. E tá tudo bem também. Você pode apoiar quando puder e cancelar quando quiser. O apoio mínimo é de 15 reais e pode ser feito pela plataforma ORELO ou pela plataforma APOIA-SE. Para quem está fora do Brasil, temos até a plataforma PATREON.É isso, gente. Estamos enfrentando um momento importante e você pode ajudar a combater o negacionismo e manter a chama da ciência acesa. Então, fica aqui o nosso convite: apóie o Naruhodo como puder.bit.ly/naruhodo-no-orelo

Imagine if you took a trip abroad and in an effort to extend your stay, you unknowingly sign a piece of paperwork that makes you a front line soldier. That's what Evans Kibet, a 36 year old runner from Kenya claims happened to him in Russia. He's now a prisoner of war in Ukraine. BBC journalist Akisa Wandera tells us what we know about his case currently.Citizens of Somalia, Togo, Cuba and Sierra Leone have also been documented as prisoners of war by Ukrainian forces. But how are they recruited in to fighting for the Russian army? BBC's Vitaliy Shevchenko from Ukrainecast tells us more about the methods Russia is using to get people all over the world to fight for them in the Russia-Ukraine War.Instagram: @bbcwhatintheworld Email: whatintheworld@bbc.co.uk WhatsApp: +44 330 12 33 22 6 Presenter: Hannah Gelbart Producers: Julia Ross-Roy and Maria Clara Montoya Editor: Harriet Oliver

Les Têtes d'affiches de Denise Epoté de TV5 Monde, comme chaque dimanche sur RFI, avec Nicolas Brousse. Cette semaine, nos têtes d'affiches sont originaires du Togo. La première, Sévérine Kouevi-Kokoh est titulaire d'un master en villes durables. Il y a trois ans elle a monté Africa Ecoworld une start-up qui produit un charbon écologique à base de déchets agricoles et organiques. Notre seconde tête d'affiche Apla Afi Evamé possède elle, une licence en organisation et gestion des ressources humaines et un master en marketing et commerce international. À la tête du réseau des jeunes producteurs professionnels agricoles du Togo, elle promeut une agriculture durable et inclusive pour assurer la régénération des écosystèmes.

Why I Have Chosen Jesus over My Father's Voodoo by Adolph Dagan https://www.amazon.com/Have-Chosen-Jesus-Fathers-Voodoo/dp/B0DSGPLZWP Adolphdagan.com Do you think your situation cannot change? Come closer to God; He is able to do something for you that you never imagined. Adolph Dagan was born in a little village called Daganhoé in Togo, West Africa, where his father was a voodoo priest. Almost every day he would go to the voodoo temple/shrine to worship, and Adolph was always with him. As the youngest boy, his father decided Adolph would replace him someday, but God had other plans. Instead, God brought Adolph to the United States, where he went through financial issues and sicknesses, but because of his unshakable belief in God and his faithfulness, God brought him through it all and gave him a powerful testimony.About the author Adolph A. Dagan was born in Daganhoé, Moyen-Mono Prefecture, in Togo, West Africa on July 20, 1974. He was raised in Daganhoé and went to elementary school in Ahassomé; middle school in Kpékpléme and Nyékonakpoè Atakpamé; and high school in Aplahoué in the Republic of Bénin, Atakpamé (LYATA), and Notsé (LYNO) in Togo. Adolph graduated with a bachelor's degree at American Military University (AMU) and a master's degree at Austin Peay State University (APSU) in the United States of America.

Chaque mois, le coach Didier Acouetey, président d'AfricSearch, conseille un jeune entrepreneur sur ses difficultés. En deuxième partie, débat avec des patrons de PME du continent. Cette semaine, comment se relancer après un échec ? Partie 1 : conseils à un jeune entrepreneur - Didier Acouetey, président du cabinet AfricSearch - Pierrick Mboukou, en cours de création d'Imm'online, une application mobile qui facilite la mise en relation entre les personnes proposant des biens immobiliers et celles en recherche, à Brazzaville, en République du Congo.   Partie 2 : Comment se relancer après un échec ? - Edem d'Almeida, entrepreneur, expert en économie sociale et circulaire, fondateur d'Africa Global Recycling et de l'ONG Moi Jeu Tri - Idrissa Diabira, ancien directeur général de l'Agence pour le développement et l'encadrement des PME (ADEPME) du Sénégal. Fondateur de SherpAfrica, cabinet de conseils - Didier Acouetey, président du cabinet AfricSearch.   Programmation musicale :  ► DKR – BOOBA ► GO – Theodora ft Luidji.

Chaque mois, le coach Didier Acouetey, président d'AfricSearch, conseille un jeune entrepreneur sur ses difficultés. En deuxième partie, débat avec des patrons de PME du continent. Cette semaine, comment se relancer après un échec ? Partie 1 : conseils à un jeune entrepreneur - Didier Acouetey, président du cabinet AfricSearch - Pierrick Mboukou, en cours de création d'Imm'online, une application mobile qui facilite la mise en relation entre les personnes proposant des biens immobiliers et celles en recherche, à Brazzaville, en République du Congo.   Partie 2 : Comment se relancer après un échec ? - Edem d'Almeida, entrepreneur, expert en économie sociale et circulaire, fondateur d'Africa Global Recycling et de l'ONG Moi Jeu Tri - Idrissa Diabira, ancien directeur général de l'Agence pour le développement et l'encadrement des PME (ADEPME) du Sénégal. Fondateur de SherpAfrica, cabinet de conseils - Didier Acouetey, président du cabinet AfricSearch.   Programmation musicale :  ► DKR – BOOBA ► GO – Theodora ft Luidji.

Les Têtes d'affiches de Denise Epoté de TV5 Monde, comme chaque dimanche sur RFI, avec Nicolas Brousse. Cette semaine, nos têtes d'affiches sont deux actrices majeures dans le secteur de l'e-santé. La première est originaire du Togo, Beauty Sodokin possède un doctorat en médecine générale, elle a mis au point « MLA Care », une solution numérique qui propose un suivi médical personnalisé. Notre seconde tête d'affiche est, elle, d'origine du Sénégal. Yacine Sarr est informaticienne programmeuse et architecte de systèmes de formation. En 2023 elle fonde « WER » une carte digitale qui permet aux patients d'épargner, de recevoir des soins ou des médicaments même en absence de ressources financières. 

French-Togolese architect and co-founder of Studio Neida, Jeanne Autran-Edorh, talks about the future of design in Togo and how her work is making an impact internationally.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Jimmy Mellado leads Compassion International, a global, church-driven ministry serving children in poverty across 29 countries. Born in El Salvador (full name: Santiago “Jimmy” Mellado), he grew up across Latin America and Asia, ran decathlon at SMU, and later represented El Salvador in the 1988 Seoul Olympics. His life and leadership are anchored in faith, family, and a deep conviction that true impact starts with who we're becoming—then flows into what we do. In this episode, Brad sits down with Jimmy at Compassion's global ministry center in Colorado Springs for a candid conversation about identity, calling, technology, and the local church. Jimmy shares formative stories from his childhood and athletic journey, the moment he sensed a calling to serve the church after the Olympics, and the identity wake-up that led him to embrace his heritage.  He talks about following Wess Stafford as CEO, why Compassion is first a church-equipping child discipleship organization (sponsorship is the funding mechanism, not the identity), and how the ministry is modernizing—moving to the cloud, piloting secure, real-time communication, and using AI to protect children online. Along the way, Jimmy offers grounded wisdom on leadership burdens, character, and doing God's work without sacrificing God's work in you. “Let's not do God's work in ways that hurt His work in us.” – Jimmy Mellado “His yoke is easy and His burden is light—so if it's heavy, who made it heavy?” – Jimmy Mellado “Special gifts can take a leader places where the absence of character won't let them stay.” – Jimmy Mellado This Week on The Wow Factor: Jimmy's upbringing: born in El Salvador, moving 40+ times as his engineer father built infrastructure across the developing world Early faith formation: parents as his “first pastors,” family as his first church while on the move Track to the Olympics: SMU scholarship and competing for El Salvador at the 1988 Seoul Olympics A calling in Seoul: witnessing church revival in South Korea and returning with a mission to serve the church Identity moment: embracing “Santiago” and his Latino heritage after being told “you don't count”—and how God used it to realign his calling Friendship with Wess Stafford and the path to leading Compassion What Compassion is: a church-equipping, child-discipleship ministry (sponsorship fuels the work but doesn't define it) The need right now: millions registered, hundreds of thousands awaiting sponsors—why the gap matters at the child level Modernizing at scale: retiring custom code, moving to cloud platforms, and building for quality, security, and growth Pilots in Peru and Ghana: secure, real-time communication among sponsors, children, and local church leaders Safety by design: using AI to flag inappropriate content and grooming language to protect kids A pastor's six-hour drive in Togo to make the plea: “Let me thank our sponsors and tell the story of impact.” Leadership and soul care: trading anxiety for gratitude, resisting the urge to carry what only God can carry Being vs. doing: why who you're becoming is the most important contribution you'll ever make Jimmy Mellado's Word of Wisdom: Become first, then do. Stay rooted in Christ, invite trusted voices to speak truth, and steward your assignment without making it heavy. The most enduring impact isn't what you accomplish—it's the person you're becoming as you walk with God. Connect With Compassion Compassion's Website Compassion's YouTube Compassion's Facebook Compassion's Instagram Compassion's LinkedIn Jimmy's LinkedIn Connect with The Wow Factor:   WOW Factor Website   Brad Formsma on LinkedIn    Brad Formsma on Instagram    Brad Formsma on Facebook    X (formerly Twitter)   

Selon l'OMS, plus de 720 000 personnes mettent fin à leurs jours, chaque année, au niveau mondial et 73% de ces suicides surviennent dans des pays à revenu faible ou intermédiaire. Derrière chaque suicide, c'est une famille, un entourage endeuillé. Comment se remettre de cette tragédie ? Quelle prise en charge existe pour les proches en deuil ?   Alain Chardon, psychologue à l'association PHARE animant les groupes de parole des parents endeuillés Dr Sonia Kanekatoua, psychiatre au CHU Campus de Lomé au Togo et au CEPIAK, le Centre de Prise en charge intégrée des Addictions de Kodjoviakopé   Louis Fréchette, membre de l'association de prévention du suicide au Québec « Défi - On roule pour toi ». ►En fin d'émission, nous parlons de la précarité alimentaire dont souffrent les enfants haïtiens. L'ONG Solidarités International a installé des cantines scolaires dans six écoles de Port-au-Prince afin d'assurer aux enfants de la capitale un repas chaud tous les midis, cuisiné à partir de produits locaux, et ce, durant toute l'année scolaire. Interview de Guillaume Haegel, directeur pays de Solidarités International à Haïti. Programmation musicale :  ► Mika – Happy ending  ► Fatima Altieri – Toute sam vle.

Selon l'OMS, plus de 720 000 personnes mettent fin à leurs jours, chaque année, au niveau mondial et 73% de ces suicides surviennent dans des pays à revenu faible ou intermédiaire. Derrière chaque suicide, c'est une famille, un entourage endeuillé. Comment se remettre de cette tragédie ? Quelle prise en charge existe pour les proches en deuil ?   Alain Chardon, psychologue à l'association PHARE animant les groupes de parole des parents endeuillés Dr Sonia Kanekatoua, psychiatre au CHU Campus de Lomé au Togo et au CEPIAK, le Centre de Prise en charge intégrée des Addictions de Kodjoviakopé   Louis Fréchette, membre de l'association de prévention du suicide au Québec « Défi - On roule pour toi ». ►En fin d'émission, nous parlons de la précarité alimentaire dont souffrent les enfants haïtiens. L'ONG Solidarités International a installé des cantines scolaires dans six écoles de Port-au-Prince afin d'assurer aux enfants de la capitale un repas chaud tous les midis, cuisiné à partir de produits locaux, et ce, durant toute l'année scolaire. Interview de Guillaume Haegel, directeur pays de Solidarités International à Haïti. Programmation musicale :  ► Mika – Happy ending  ► Fatima Altieri – Toute sam vle.

C'est à la Une d'APAnews : « La deuxième réunion du Comité conjoint de suivi du traité de paix dans l'est de la RDC, signée le 27 juin dernier, s'est tenue mercredi à Washington ». Y participaient : la RDC, le Rwanda, les États-Unis, le Qatar, le Togo et l'Union africaine. Autant de participants qui ont reconnu « des lenteurs dans la mise en œuvre de certains volets de l'accord ». « Les discussions », poursuit l'Agence de Presse Africaine, « ont porté sur la violence récente dans l'est de la RDC et sur les mesures concrètes à prendre, pour assurer le respect des dispositions de l'accord ». Afrik.com, de son côté, cite le Département d'état américain, qui parle de « retards significatifs », alors que « des violences continuent d'ensanglanter l'est congolais, où les rebelles de l'AFC/M23 continuent de régner en maître dans les deux Kivu », précise le site d'information. « À ce stade », conclut Afrik.com, « l'Accord de Washington semble illustrer plus une dynamique diplomatique qu'une transformation concrète de la crise sécuritaire. Reste à savoir si la volonté politique des signataires pourra se traduire en actes tangibles dans les prochains mois, condition indispensable pour espérer une paix durable dans l'est congolais ». Matériel de fabrication russe Autre pays en proie à la violence : le Mali, où l'armée reçoit du nouveau matériel. « Le Mali se modernise » titre Bamada.net. « L'armée malienne reçoit du matériel militaire de pointe ». « Blindés, chars et camions ont été aperçus, provenant du port de Conakry. Ces matériels, de fabrication russe sont destinés à renforcer les capacités opérationnelles des FAMA (les forces armées maliennes) et à lutter efficacement contre toute menace pesant sur la paix et la stabilité du Mali », ajoute Bamada.net. Pas de chiffres sur ces livraisons d'armes, effectuées, précise l'Agence de Presse Africaine, « dans un contexte de multiplication des attaques jihadistes, notamment par engins explosifs improvisés, causant de lourdes pertes parmi les militaires et les civils ». Premier octobre Le Mali où, par ailleurs la rentrée scolaire se prépare. Rentrée fixée au premier octobre, « malgré les défis », remarque le Journal du Mali, qui s'inquiète : « Entre les pluies encore présentes, les milliers d'écoles fermées, et la suspension des subventions aux établissements catholiques, l'année scolaire s'annonce fragile ». D'autant que, rappelle le Journal du Mali, « la saison des pluies n'est pas encore terminée. Si les précipitations s'intensifient, la question d'un report (comme l'année dernière) pourrait à nouveau se poser, même si aucune décision officielle n'a encore été envisagée dans ce sens ». Pour le Journal du Mali, la situation de l'éducation reste préoccupante, « plus de 2 000 écoles sont fermées, fermetures liées à l'insécurité, aux catastrophes naturelles et aux faiblesses structurelles du système éducatif ». Gratitude Enfin, la tragédie du funiculaire de Lisbonne : un Marocain figure parmi les rescapés. Un Marocain qui a aidé une Française à s'extirper des débris du funiculaire, juste après la catastrophe. Afrik.com nous raconte la fin de la course folle du funiculaire, « la vitesse qui augmente, les freins qui ne répondent plus, le wagon qui sort de ses rails et fonce droit vers la façade d'un immeuble ». « Le Marocain », poursuit le site d'information, « légèrement blessé au bras a été projeté contre une barre métallique. Autour de lui, des corps, des sanglots, des appels à l'aide », et donc cette Française, « qui pendant quelques instants a perdu connaissance et qui est coincée sous un siège renversé, il va la dégager, aidé par un autre passager ». Le Marocain et la Française, précise Afrik.com, « ont accepté de témoigner anonymement dans un média local. Tous deux expriment une même gratitude : être en vie. »

Episode Description:  Max, Molly, and Rufus are pulled into one of Alaska's most legendary true stories: the 1925 Serum Run to Nome, Alaska. Teaming up with mushers like Wild Bill Shannon, Leonhard Seppala, and famous sled-dogs Togo and Balto, they brave blizzards, ice, and exhaustion to help deliver life-saving medicine. Along the way, they use Math, stamina, and teamwork with furry friends to help save a community. Math Concepts: Division and averages (150 ÷ 20 = 7.5 dogs per team) Distance, rate, and time calculations; Multiplication with decimals; Ratios and comparisons. History/Geography Concepts: History: The 1925 Serum Run to Nome (also called The Great Race of Mercy); Geography: Alaska, Nenana, Nome, Norton Sound, Arctic conditions; Biology: Dogs' olfactory system (300 million receptors vs. 6 million in humans)

Send us a textIn this moving episode of The Good Enough Mompreneur Podcast, I sit down with Claudine McDaniel, founder of Beyond Conquerors Ministry and creator of the Life Wow Program. Claudine shares her deeply personal journey—from growing up in a chaotic household in Togo, Africa, to facing betrayal in marriage, to immigrating to the United States and rediscovering her strength through faith and forgiveness.Claudine reveals how forgiveness became the key to her emotional freedom, and how she transformed her pain into a purpose-driven mission that now empowers other women to do the same.This episode is a reminder to mompreneurs that the path to healing can also lead to building something meaningful—something that serves others and honors your journey.

Au Sénégal, les autorités allègent les conditions d'indemnisation des victimes des troubles politiques de ces dernières années. Engagées depuis plusieurs mois, ces indemnisations concernent notamment les familles des personnes tuées lors de ces émeutes. Plusieurs d'entre elles n'ont toujours pas reçu d'assistance. Selon le gouvernement sénégalais, les familles de 74 personnes décédées lors des manifestations politiques entre 2021 et 2024 sont concernées par cette mesure.

Send us a textWhen Taylor Barlow decided to take on a pro bono asylum case, he never imagined it would become the most emotionally significant work of his legal career. His client's story reads like a political thriller – a peaceful activist from Togo who organized an 800,000-person march against a dictatorial regime, only to face years of brutal retaliation including kidnappings, beatings, and torture.After military police broke into his home, beating him and his young son unconscious, this father of two made the heartbreaking choice to leave his family behind and flee for his life. What followed was a harrowing two-month journey through South and Central America, including the notoriously deadly Darién Gap jungle crossing, where "one in three migrants die." Twice kidnapped in Mexico before finally reaching the U.S. border, he was immediately detained and placed in removal proceedings.This episode takes listeners deep into the complex, often misunderstood asylum process. We witness Barlow's fight against nearly impossible odds – a 90-minute hearing (reduced from four hours) to present a decade of persecution, technical legal barriers because his client crossed without an appointment, and the gut-wrenching realization that even proving all elements of asylum might not be enough as "asylum is completely discretionary."The emotional climax comes when Barlow's rarely successful motion for reconsideration is granted, securing his client's freedom and future. Beyond the legal victory, we glimpse the profound human impact as this new asylee sends his attorney a poignant photo of himself standing beneath an American flag on July 4th – a man who nearly died for the freedom to protest now finding refuge in a nation founded on that very principle.What makes this story so compelling is how it puts a human face on asylum policy while showcasing the life-changing impact of pro bono legal work. As Barlow reflects, "This mattered to this guy and it mattered to his wife and to his little kids... I saw myself and I saw my kids in him and his kids."Have you ever wondered what rights we take for granted? Listen now and consider what price others pay for freedoms we exercise daily without a second thought.

In this first episode of our series, we sit down with Maine musher Jonathan Hayes to uncover the origins of his Centennial Seppala Expedition across Alaska. Jonathan shares how a fundraiser for a Togo monument during COVID grew into a once-in-a-lifetime journey retracing the 1925 serum run with his rare Seppala sled dogs. Join us as we explore the inspiration, preparation, and leadership lessons that shaped the beginning of this extraordinary adventure.The Mushing podcast is made possible by Mushing+ subscribers. Learn more about all the benefits of a subscription and subscribe now at mushing.com/mushingplus Our fans would love to learn more about you. Fill out our Musher Q & A hereDo you have a story idea, or pitch a podcast? Check it out hereTrail Bytes 2025Facebook | X | InstagramLove the show? Subscribe, rate, review, and shareSign up for our Newsletter HEREWe would love to hear your feedback about the show!You can contact us here: Podcast@mushing.com

Jazzanova - Dance the Dance (Little Big Beat Studio Live Session)Inkswel & Lee Scratch Perry - Mystical Majic feat. Elf Tranzporter (James Curd Remix)FSQ, Charlie Soul Clap - Freak Out For Fitness (Charlie Soul Clap Remix)Land of  Echo - Lean Into Your Own Breath feat. Ayana HommaTOKiMONSTA - ReverieJamiroquai - Blow Your Mind (Never Dull Extended Edit)SAULT - R.L.Al Kent - Happiness & PeaceBrukonics - BrukonomicsCaptain Planet & Tony Allen - Tony's House (Club Version)Deep Black Society - Much More Than ThisGerardo Frisina - TarabEska - Daddy Long LegsKamaal Williams - Everything in its Right Place (Studer Tape Master)Theo Croker - Prelude 3Collettivo Immaginario - Vento Eterno (feat. Isaiah Collier & Dwight Trible)Galactic & Irma Thomas - Over YouKhemist - Parable of the Sower (clean)Potatohead People & Slippery Elm - Up Close (ft. Bahamadia)A Tribe Called Quest - 1,2,Sh*t (The Creators & Mark Pritchard Remix) feat. Pino PalladinoSteve Spacek - Something Tells Me (featuring Raphael Saadiq, Steve Spacek)OUTKAST – Vibrate (Kaelin Ellis Edit w/ Moo Latte)Erykah Badu - Soldier (Ian Wallace Remix)Kuna Maze - Layered MemoriesKAYTRANADA - backstABSFarhot - YANA (with Daniel Kimaz)Childish Gambino - Happy Survival (feat. Khruangbin)El Michels Affair - Say Goodbye feat. Florence AdooniDogo du Togo & the Alagaa Beat Band - Adzé Adzé (Glenn Echo Dub)Mato - Remind Me (Feat. Lady Gatica)Little Simz - Lion (niROBi Edit)Ezra Collective - Streets is Calling (feat. M.anifest & Moonchild Sanelly)Zaimie - Can't Do Without ItBacao Rhythm and Steel Band - NautilusONEGRAM - It's Just BegunBoddhi Satva, Zaki Ibrahim - Vibrate HighDeep Black Society - Snake EyesMndsgn. - STOPBEINWEIRDHouse Gospel Choir ft. MORGAN - Angels (Crackazat Remix)Sir LSG, Ayanda Jiya, Josh Milan - Sandcastle (Honeycomb Vocal Mix)Maison Blanche - Call Me JazzyClose Counters - I'LL BE THERE FOR YOU (Radio Edit)Collettivo Immaginario - Oltreoceano

Albrecht, Lene www.deutschlandfunkkultur.de, Fazit

À l'approche de la COP30 au Brésil et alors que les conséquences du changement climatique sont chaque jour plus évidentes, Éco d'ici éco d'ailleurs propose une réflexion ouverte sur les paradoxes de l'économie mondiale, entre recherche de croissance et impératifs écologiques. Comment faire en sorte que l'économie se mette au service de la planète, et non l'inverse ? Notre première invitée : Fanny Henriet Directrice de recherche au CNRS, spécialiste de l'économie du changement climatique. Auteure de l'ouvrage L'économie peut-elle sauver le climat ? (Presses Universitaires de France). Thèmes abordés : Pourquoi l'économie de marché ne peut pas seule résoudre la crise climatique. Le dilemme de la transition énergétique : lenteur ou brutalité ? L'impact des prix du pétrole sur la transition. Le besoin d'une intervention publique : taxation, planification, incitations. Calculer le coût social d'une tonne de CO₂. Inégalités climatiques entre pays et classes sociales. La sobriété est-elle une solution ? Ou faut-il tout miser sur l'innovation ? Interventions sonores : Kaushik Burman (Directeur Général de Spiro, fabricant de motos électriques en Afrique). Donald Trump, climatoscepticisme et économie. Seconde partie : l'Afrique face au changement climatique Participants : Ileana Santos, consultante en stratégie, cofondatrice de Je m'engage pour l'Afrique. Edem d'Almeida, expert en économie sociale et circulaire, fondateur d'Africa Global Recycling basé à Lomé au Togo. Marine Lamoureux, journaliste à La Croix L'Hebdo, autrice du reportage Le climat, ma nounou et moi basé sur le témoignage de son ancienne nounou Germaine Tiem. Focus sur le Togo : Pays fortement vulnérable aux effets du dérèglement climatique. Difficultés d'accès aux financements climat. Témoignages de pêcheurs, cultivateurs de cacao, populations locales. Initiatives mentionnées : Recyclage et éducation environnementale (Africa Global Recycling). Agriculture durable et coopératives de cacao (Atsemawoe). Pause musicale : Von Na Agbedo de Dogo du Togo. Menteur ambulant, artiste togolais engagé pour la cause environnementale. Ressources complémentaires : Émission disponible en podcast sur RFI.fr Interview de Kaushik Burman à voir sur la chaîne YouTube de RFI Reportage Le climat, ma nounou et moi à lire sur le site de La Croix

durée : 00:13:13 - La Question du jour - par : Julie Gacon - Depuis juin 2022, le Nord du Togo est placé en état d'urgence face à la multiplication des violences terroristes djihadistes. Si le gouvernement togolais reste discret pour ne pas affoler ses troupes sur place, les attaques auraient fait 62 morts, dont 54 civils, depuis le début de l'année. - réalisation : Sam Baquiast - invités : Alain Antil Directeur du centre Afrique subsaharienne à l'IFRI, enseignant à l'Institut d'Etudes Politiques de Lille et à Paris I Sorbonne

Douleurs abdominales vives et persistantes, fièvre... Ces symptômes assez vagues peuvent recouvrir une multitude de pathologies, parmi lesquelles la crise d'appendicite. La péritonite aiguë est une inflammation locale ou diffuse de la membrane péritonéale. L'appendicite aiguë et la péritonite sont deux urgences médicales qui requièrent une intervention chirurgicale. Souvent confondues, ces deux affections qui concernent l'abdomen sont bien différentes, quoiqu'elles puissent être liées. (Rediffusion) Quels sont les signes ? Concernant l'appendicite, de quel côté a-t-on mal au ventre ? Quels sont les traitements ? Doit-on systématiquement opérer ?  Pr Richard Douard, chirurgien viscéral à la Clinique Bizet, Paris Pr Boyodi Tchangai, chef du service de Chirurgie viscérale au CHU Sylvanus Olympio de Lomé au Togo.  ► En fin d'émission, nous parlerons de la prise en charge du pied bot en République du Congo et plus particulièrement du travail réalisé par l'association ADRBE (Association pour le Développement et la Réadaptation du Bien-Être) avec son responsable, Thomas Robert Mbemba, kinésithérapeute et coordinateur du Programme Pied Bot CONGO au sein de l'association.  Programmation musicale : ► Roseaux, Ghetto boy – My people ► Ÿuma – Elli fet.

Douleurs abdominales vives et persistantes, fièvre... Ces symptômes assez vagues peuvent recouvrir une multitude de pathologies, parmi lesquelles la crise d'appendicite. La péritonite aiguë est une inflammation locale ou diffuse de la membrane péritonéale. L'appendicite aiguë et la péritonite sont deux urgences médicales qui requièrent une intervention chirurgicale. Souvent confondues, ces deux affections qui concernent l'abdomen sont bien différentes, quoiqu'elles puissent être liées. (Rediffusion) Quels sont les signes ? Concernant l'appendicite, de quel côté a-t-on mal au ventre ? Quels sont les traitements ? Doit-on systématiquement opérer ?  Pr Richard Douard, chirurgien viscéral à la Clinique Bizet, Paris Pr Boyodi Tchangai, chef du service de Chirurgie viscérale au CHU Sylvanus Olympio de Lomé au Togo.  ► En fin d'émission, nous parlerons de la prise en charge du pied bot en République du Congo et plus particulièrement du travail réalisé par l'association ADRBE (Association pour le Développement et la Réadaptation du Bien-Être) avec son responsable, Thomas Robert Mbemba, kinésithérapeute et coordinateur du Programme Pied Bot CONGO au sein de l'association.  Programmation musicale : ► Roseaux, Ghetto boy – My people ► Ÿuma – Elli fet.

WAR ENDINGS NEITHER SWIFT NOR MERCIFUL:  5/8  Road to Surrender: Three Men and the Countdown to the End of World War II by  Evan Thomas  (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Road-Surrender-Three-Countdown-World/dp/0399589252 At 9:20 a.m. on the morning of May 30, General Groves receives a message to report to the office of the secretary of war “at once.” Stimson is waiting for him. He wants to know: has Groves selected the targets yet? So begins this suspenseful, impeccably researched history that draws on new access to diaries to tell the story of three men who were intimately involved with America's decision to drop the atomic bomb—and Japan's decision to surrender. They are Henry Stimson, the American Secretary of War, who had overall responsibility for decisions about the atom bomb; Gen. Carl “Tooey” Spaatz, head of strategic bombing in the Pacific, who supervised the planes that dropped the bombs; and Japanese Foreign Minister Shigenori Togo, the only one in Emperor Hirohito's Supreme War Council who believed even before the bombs were dropped that Japan should surrender. Henry Stimson had served in the administrations of five presidents, but as the U.S. nuclear program progressed, he found himself tasked with the unimaginable decision of determining whether to deploy the bomb. The new president, Harry S. Truman, thus far a peripheral figure in the momentous decision, accepted Stimson's recommendation to drop the bomb. Army Air Force Commander Gen. Spaatz ordered the planes to take off. Like Stimson, Spaatz agonized over the command even as he recognized it would end the war. After the bombs were dropped, Foreign Minister Togo was finally able to convince the emperor to surrender. To bring these critical events to vivid life, bestselling author Evan Thomas draws on the diaries of Stimson, Togo and Spaatz, contemplating the immense weight of their historic decision. In Road to Surrender, an immersive, surprising, moving account, Thomas lays out the behind-the-scenes thoughts, feelings, motivations, and decision-making of three people who changed history.

WAR ENDINGS NEITHER SWIFT NOR MERCIFUL:  6/8  Road to Surrender: Three Men and the Countdown to the End of World War II by  Evan Thomas  (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Road-Surrender-Three-Countdown-World/dp/0399589252 At 9:20 a.m. on the morning of May 30, General Groves receives a message to report to the office of the secretary of war “at once.” Stimson is waiting for him. He wants to know: has Groves selected the targets yet? So begins this suspenseful, impeccably researched history that draws on new access to diaries to tell the story of three men who were intimately involved with America's decision to drop the atomic bomb—and Japan's decision to surrender. They are Henry Stimson, the American Secretary of War, who had overall responsibility for decisions about the atom bomb; Gen. Carl “Tooey” Spaatz, head of strategic bombing in the Pacific, who supervised the planes that dropped the bombs; and Japanese Foreign Minister Shigenori Togo, the only one in Emperor Hirohito's Supreme War Council who believed even before the bombs were dropped that Japan should surrender. Henry Stimson had served in the administrations of five presidents, but as the U.S. nuclear program progressed, he found himself tasked with the unimaginable decision of determining whether to deploy the bomb. The new president, Harry S. Truman, thus far a peripheral figure in the momentous decision, accepted Stimson's recommendation to drop the bomb. Army Air Force Commander Gen. Spaatz ordered the planes to take off. Like Stimson, Spaatz agonized over the command even as he recognized it would end the war. After the bombs were dropped, Foreign Minister Togo was finally able to convince the emperor to surrender. To bring these critical events to vivid life, bestselling author Evan Thomas draws on the diaries of Stimson, Togo and Spaatz, contemplating the immense weight of their historic decision. In Road to Surrender, an immersive, surprising, moving account, Thomas lays out the behind-the-scenes thoughts, feelings, motivations, and decision-making of three people who changed history.

WAR ENDINGS NEITHER SWIFT NOR MERCIFUL:  7/8  Road to Surrender: Three Men and the Countdown to the End of World War II by  Evan Thomas  (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Road-Surrender-Three-Countdown-World/dp/0399589252 At 9:20 a.m. on the morning of May 30, General Groves receives a message to report to the office of the secretary of war “at once.” Stimson is waiting for him. He wants to know: has Groves selected the targets yet? So begins this suspenseful, impeccably researched history that draws on new access to diaries to tell the story of three men who were intimately involved with America's decision to drop the atomic bomb—and Japan's decision to surrender. They are Henry Stimson, the American Secretary of War, who had overall responsibility for decisions about the atom bomb; Gen. Carl “Tooey” Spaatz, head of strategic bombing in the Pacific, who supervised the planes that dropped the bombs; and Japanese Foreign Minister Shigenori Togo, the only one in Emperor Hirohito's Supreme War Council who believed even before the bombs were dropped that Japan should surrender. Henry Stimson had served in the administrations of five presidents, but as the U.S. nuclear program progressed, he found himself tasked with the unimaginable decision of determining whether to deploy the bomb. The new president, Harry S. Truman, thus far a peripheral figure in the momentous decision, accepted Stimson's recommendation to drop the bomb. Army Air Force Commander Gen. Spaatz ordered the planes to take off. Like Stimson, Spaatz agonized over the command even as he recognized it would end the war. After the bombs were dropped, Foreign Minister Togo was finally able to convince the emperor to surrender. To bring these critical events to vivid life, bestselling author Evan Thomas draws on the diaries of Stimson, Togo and Spaatz, contemplating the immense weight of their historic decision. In Road to Surrender, an immersive, surprising, moving account, Thomas lays out the behind-the-scenes thoughts, feelings, motivations, and decision-making of three people who changed history.

WAR ENDINGS NEITHER SWIFT NOR MERCIFUL:  8/8  Road to Surrender: Three Men and the Countdown to the End of World War II by  Evan Thomas  (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Road-Surrender-Three-Countdown-World/dp/0399589252 2945 TOKYO At 9:20 a.m. on the morning of May 30, General Groves receives a message to report to the office of the secretary of war “at once.” Stimson is waiting for him. He wants to know: has Groves selected the targets yet? So begins this suspenseful, impeccably researched history that draws on new access to diaries to tell the story of three men who were intimately involved with America's decision to drop the atomic bomb—and Japan's decision to surrender. They are Henry Stimson, the American Secretary of War, who had overall responsibility for decisions about the atom bomb; Gen. Carl “Tooey” Spaatz, head of strategic bombing in the Pacific, who supervised the planes that dropped the bombs; and Japanese Foreign Minister Shigenori Togo, the only one in Emperor Hirohito's Supreme War Council who believed even before the bombs were dropped that Japan should surrender. Henry Stimson had served in the administrations of five presidents, but as the U.S. nuclear program progressed, he found himself tasked with the unimaginable decision of determining whether to deploy the bomb. The new president, Harry S. Truman, thus far a peripheral figure in the momentous decision, accepted Stimson's recommendation to drop the bomb. Army Air Force Commander Gen. Spaatz ordered the planes to take off. Like Stimson, Spaatz agonized over the command even as he recognized it would end the war. After the bombs were dropped, Foreign Minister Togo was finally able to convince the emperor to surrender. To bring these critical events to vivid life, bestselling author Evan Thomas draws on the diaries of Stimson, Togo and Spaatz, contemplating the immense weight of their historic decision. In Road to Surrender, an immersive, surprising, moving account, Thomas lays out the behind-the-scenes thoughts, feelings, motivations, and decision-making of three people who changed history.

WAR ENDINGS NEITHER SWIFT NOR MERCIFUL:  4/8  Road to Surrender: Three Men and the Countdown to the End of World War II by  Evan Thomas  (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Road-Surrender-Three-Countdown-World/dp/0399589252 1941 KYIV At 9:20 a.m. on the morning of May 30, General Groves receives a message to report to the office of the secretary of war “at once.” Stimson is waiting for him. He wants to know: has Groves selected the targets yet? So begins this suspenseful, impeccably researched history that draws on new access to diaries to tell the story of three men who were intimately involved with America's decision to drop the atomic bomb—and Japan's decision to surrender. They are Henry Stimson, the American Secretary of War, who had overall responsibility for decisions about the atom bomb; Gen. Carl “Tooey” Spaatz, head of strategic bombing in the Pacific, who supervised the planes that dropped the bombs; and Japanese Foreign Minister Shigenori Togo, the only one in Emperor Hirohito's Supreme War Council who believed even before the bombs were dropped that Japan should surrender. Henry Stimson had served in the administrations of five presidents, but as the U.S. nuclear program progressed, he found himself tasked with the unimaginable decision of determining whether to deploy the bomb. The new president, Harry S. Truman, thus far a peripheral figure in the momentous decision, accepted Stimson's recommendation to drop the bomb. Army Air Force Commander Gen. Spaatz ordered the planes to take off. Like Stimson, Spaatz agonized over the command even as he recognized it would end the war. After the bombs were dropped, Foreign Minister Togo was finally able to convince the emperor to surrender. To bring these critical events to vivid life, bestselling author Evan Thomas draws on the diaries of Stimson, Togo and Spaatz, contemplating the immense weight of their historic decision. In Road to Surrender, an immersive, surprising, moving account, Thomas lays out the behind-the-scenes thoughts, feelings, motivations, and decision-making of three people who changed history.

WAR ENDINGS NEITHER SWIFT NOR MERCIFUL:  3/8  Road to Surrender: Three Men and the Countdown to the End of World War II by  Evan Thomas  (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Road-Surrender-Three-Countdown-World/dp/0399589252 1942 UKRAINE At 9:20 a.m. on the morning of May 30, General Groves receives a message to report to the office of the secretary of war “at once.” Stimson is waiting for him. He wants to know: has Groves selected the targets yet? So begins this suspenseful, impeccably researched history that draws on new access to diaries to tell the story of three men who were intimately involved with America's decision to drop the atomic bomb—and Japan's decision to surrender. They are Henry Stimson, the American Secretary of War, who had overall responsibility for decisions about the atom bomb; Gen. Carl “Tooey” Spaatz, head of strategic bombing in the Pacific, who supervised the planes that dropped the bombs; and Japanese Foreign Minister Shigenori Togo, the only one in Emperor Hirohito's Supreme War Council who believed even before the bombs were dropped that Japan should surrender. Henry Stimson had served in the administrations of five presidents, but as the U.S. nuclear program progressed, he found himself tasked with the unimaginable decision of determining whether to deploy the bomb. The new president, Harry S. Truman, thus far a peripheral figure in the momentous decision, accepted Stimson's recommendation to drop the bomb. Army Air Force Commander Gen. Spaatz ordered the planes to take off. Like Stimson, Spaatz agonized over the command even as he recognized it would end the war. After the bombs were dropped, Foreign Minister Togo was finally able to convince the emperor to surrender. To bring these critical events to vivid life, bestselling author Evan Thomas draws on the diaries of Stimson, Togo and Spaatz, contemplating the immense weight of their historic decision. In Road to Surrender, an immersive, surprising, moving account, Thomas lays out the behind-the-scenes thoughts, feelings, motivations, and decision-making of three people who changed history.

WAR ENDINGS NEITHER SWIFT NOR MERCIFUL:  2/8  Road to Surrender: Three Men and the Countdown to the End of World War II by  Evan Thomas  (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Road-Surrender-Three-Countdown-World/dp/0399589252 1940 At 9:20 a.m. on the morning of May 30, General Groves receives a message to report to the office of the secretary of war “at once.” Stimson is waiting for him. He wants to know: has Groves selected the targets yet? So begins this suspenseful, impeccably researched history that draws on new access to diaries to tell the story of three men who were intimately involved with America's decision to drop the atomic bomb—and Japan's decision to surrender. They are Henry Stimson, the American Secretary of War, who had overall responsibility for decisions about the atom bomb; Gen. Carl “Tooey” Spaatz, head of strategic bombing in the Pacific, who supervised the planes that dropped the bombs; and Japanese Foreign Minister Shigenori Togo, the only one in Emperor Hirohito's Supreme War Council who believed even before the bombs were dropped that Japan should surrender. Henry Stimson had served in the administrations of five presidents, but as the U.S. nuclear program progressed, he found himself tasked with the unimaginable decision of determining whether to deploy the bomb. The new president, Harry S. Truman, thus far a peripheral figure in the momentous decision, accepted Stimson's recommendation to drop the bomb. Army Air Force Commander Gen. Spaatz ordered the planes to take off. Like Stimson, Spaatz agonized over the command even as he recognized it would end the war. After the bombs were dropped, Foreign Minister Togo was finally able to convince the emperor to surrender. To bring these critical events to vivid life, bestselling author Evan Thomas draws on the diaries of Stimson, Togo and Spaatz, contemplating the immense weight of their historic decision. In Road to Surrender, an immersive, surprising, moving account, Thomas lays out the behind-the-scenes thoughts, feelings, motivations, and decision-making of three people who changed history.

WAR ENDINGS NEITHER SWIFT NOR MERCIFUL:  1/8  Road to Surrender: Three Men and the Countdown to the End of World War II by  Evan Thomas  (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Road-Surrender-Three-Countdown-World/dp/0399589252 1918 GERMANY IN UKRSINE At 9:20 a.m. on the morning of May 30, General Groves receives a message to report to the office of the secretary of war “at once.” Stimson is waiting for him. He wants to know: has Groves selected the targets yet? So begins this suspenseful, impeccably researched history that draws on new access to diaries to tell the story of three men who were intimately involved with America's decision to drop the atomic bomb—and Japan's decision to surrender. They are Henry Stimson, the American Secretary of War, who had overall responsibility for decisions about the atom bomb; Gen. Carl “Tooey” Spaatz, head of strategic bombing in the Pacific, who supervised the planes that dropped the bombs; and Japanese Foreign Minister Shigenori Togo, the only one in Emperor Hirohito's Supreme War Council who believed even before the bombs were dropped that Japan should surrender. Henry Stimson had served in the administrations of five presidents, but as the U.S. nuclear program progressed, he found himself tasked with the unimaginable decision of determining whether to deploy the bomb. The new president, Harry S. Truman, thus far a peripheral figure in the momentous decision, accepted Stimson's recommendation to drop the bomb. Army Air Force Commander Gen. Spaatz ordered the planes to take off. Like Stimson, Spaatz agonized over the command even as he recognized it would end the war. After the bombs were dropped, Foreign Minister Togo was finally able to convince the emperor to surrender. To bring these critical events to vivid life, bestselling author Evan Thomas draws on the diaries of Stimson, Togo and Spaatz, contemplating the immense weight of their historic decision. In Road to Surrender, an immersive, surprising, moving account, Thomas lays out the behind-the-scenes thoughts, feelings, motivations, and decision-making of three people who changed history.

Ukraine and Russia exchanged drone strikes yesterday after peace talks failed in Turkey. Drones have taken on a pivotal role in that war, and are also reshaping modern warfare around the globe. Also, Turkish firms are on track to sell more than $8 billion dollars in military hardware this year, a new record for the country. And, young people in Togo are protesting against a recent government move to consolidate power for the country's leader. Plus, South African musician Bakithi Kumalo, who is known for his bass playing, is all over Paul Simon's seminal album “Graceland.”Listen to today's Music Heard on Air. Learn about your ad choices: dovetail.prx.org/ad-choices