First crewed space mission to orbit the Moon
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On Christmas morning, mission control waited anxiously for word that Apollo 8's engine burn to leave lunar orbit had worked.
Update: If you listened to last week's podcast, you know that today's episode about the historic Apollo 8 mission to the moon in late December 1968 was one of my most popular of 2024. The lessons from that mission, which I discussed in episode 344, are just as important, if not more so, today in episode 394. An artist's rendering of Apollo 8 as it photographs "Earthrise." Summary In this episode, I reflect on the Apollo 8 mission to the moon in late December 1968 and the turbulent year that preceded it. The episode highlights enduring lessons on inequality, collective problem-solving, and environmental stewardship. It urges renewed respect for history and a commitment to addressing modern challenges with the same ingenuity that defined the space race. Three Takeaways Historical Literacy: The mission symbolizes humanity's capacity for courage, teamwork, and ingenuity, offering hope and a sense of shared accomplishment amidst turmoil. Historical Inequality: The unresolved issues of racial, gender, and economic inequities persist, echoing the divisions of 1968. Environmental Responsibility: "Earthrise" underscores the planet's fragility, emphasizing the need for collective stewardship over self-interest. Social Media Rocket Men by Robert Kurson
Táto relácia vznikla vďaka našim podporovateľom. Pridajte sa k nim, prosím, teraz aj vy na: https://podpora.postoj.sk/podporte-najsilnejsie-konzervativne-medium?referral_source=youtube&referral_campaign=youtube&referral_content=destinacia_vesmir&utm_source=youtube. Ďakujeme. Spolupracovník Postoja Michal Novota a redaktor Lukáš Krivošík sa v ďalšej časti relácie Destinácia vesmír rozprávajú o aktuálnych udalostiach i kapitolách z histórie kozmického výskumu. V rámci aktualít sa pozriem na raketu New Glenn a misiu Escapade. Pozrieme sa na dve pôsobivé fotky, vzťahujúce sa k Tatrám. Pripomíname si tiež 25 rokov Medzinárodnej vesmírnej stanice (ISS). Na čínskej orbitálnej stanici si taikonauti piekli v teplovzdušnej trúbe. SpaceX ukázal ako bude vyzerať ďalší Starship znútra. Udivuje najmä množstvom voľného priestoru. V rámci historickej témy sa pozrieme na lety Apollo 8 až 10. Predchádzali pristátiu Američanov na Mesiaci. Cieľom NASA bolo obletieť Mesiac a vyskúšať systémy, ktoré mali zabezpečiť bezpečné pristátie a návrat astronautov. Zvlášť Apollo 8 na Vianoce 1968 posilnilo vieru Američanov v náročnej dobe. Apollo 10 zase vypustilo do éteru vulgárnu nadávku jedného z astronautov.
2. The Apollo 8 Crew, Cold War Context, and Reliance on the Saturn 5 Booster. Bob Zimmerman introduces the Apollo 8 crew—Commander Frank Borman, Jim Lovell, and rookie William Anders—set against the backdrop of the intense global Cold War in late 1968. Borman was selected for his honesty and dedication to duty, ensuring the mission's success after his role in investigating the Apollo 1 tragedy. Lovell was known as a "space cadet" eager to explore, and he and Borman had proven human endurance in space during Gemini 7. The mission was a high-risk endeavor, utilizing the Saturn 5 rocket, which had only flown twice before, with the second flight experiencing problems. Wernher von Braun's team fixed these issues, and NASA decided to proceed, confident they could demonstrate that free people could achieve success better than the top-down Soviet system. The astronauts' wives accepted the mission despite the widely believed 50/50 chance of return. 1945
3. Launch Mechanics, Primitive Technology, and Trans Lunar Injection. Bob Zimmerman discusses how Apollo 8 launched on December 21, 1968, the first day of its window, following a smooth ride on the powerful Saturn 5 rocket. Engineers had mitigated the "pogo" vibration effects that plagued earlier test flights. After one Earth orbit to verify systems, they performed the Trans Lunar Injection (TLI), firing the upper stage Saturn engines to accelerate toward the moon. This moment marked the first time humans were visibly leaving Earth orbit, an experience Jim Lovell described as the Earth shrinking rapidly, like the exit of a tunnel. The Apollo capsule's onboard computer system was highly primitive, inferior to a simple digital watch calculator. Astronauts had to manually enter long strings of numbers dictated by ground control to execute maneuvers, although Borman maintained the use of a manual override for absolute precision. 1966 APOLLO 1
4. The Failure of the Soviet Zond Program and the Decision to Gamble on Apollo 8. Bob Zimmerman discusses the fierce moon race with the Soviet Union's Roscosmos, which utilized the Zond capsule for circumlunar missions. Zond 5 and 6, launched in late 1968, suffered critical failures (guidance system and atmosphere loss, respectively), forcing the Soviets to cancel their planned manned December flight. Watching this, NASA manager George Low realized the Lunar Module (LM) for Apollo 8 was behind schedule. To maintain the initiative and potentially win the space race, Low and Sam Phillips made the aggressive decision to send Apollo 8 to the moon without the LM "lifeboat." They informed NASA boss James Webb after the decision was finalized. Webb, though initially upset, accepted the decision, betting that the engineering was sound enough to risk the mission in order to prove the US was superior. 1965 APOLLO 1
5. Lunar Orbit Insertion and the Disappointment of the Moon's Surface. Bob Zimmerman discusses how on Christmas Eve, Apollo 8 approached the moon. The critical moment was Lunar Orbit Injection (LOI), requiring the firing of the Service Propulsion System (SPS) engine. This burn had to occur while the craft was behind the moon, resulting in a dramatic Loss of Signal (LOS) for Earth. Susan Borman particularly dreaded this moment because the SPS engine, which had no redundancy, was their only way into and out of lunar orbit. NASA believed firing the engine would clear any potentially problematic bubbles in the fuel lines, adding another risk. Once in orbit, the astronauts were visually disappointed, with Frank Borman describing the moon's surface as looking like a "skull" or a lifeless sandbox. Their direct observation settled the debate among scientists, confirming that the moon's craters were the result of impacts, not volcanic activity. 1962
6. The Cold War Context and the Tragedy of a Government-Controlled Space Program. Bob Zimmerman discusses how the Apollo 8 mission was embedded in the global Cold War and the extreme chaos of 1968, marked by political turmoil and assassinations. The space race was intended as a demonstration that America, as a free society, could achieve great things better than the Soviet top-down system. While the astronauts were military veterans, the author disputes the notion that NASA was a military operation, emphasizing that it was run by civilian engineers and managers. Ironically, despite the goal of celebrating freedom, President Kennedy adopted a centralized, top-down, government-run structure—a "Soviet style" program. This centralized approach proved to be a tragedy, as the mission became viewed as a singular stunt. Once the moon landing was achieved, the program lost political and financial support, resulting in a "dead end" for future solar system exploration. 2014 GOLDEN MOON
Book Title: Genesis: The Story of Apollo 8, the First Manned Flight to Another World Author: Bob Zimmerman Segment 5: The Mighty Saturn V: A Tested Giant for Lunar Travel The Saturn V rocket, designed by Wernher von Braun, was crucial for Apollo 8. Despite having only two prior test flights—one successful, one with engine problems and "pogo" vibrations—NASA decided to use it for the manned lunar mission. Von Braun's team at Huntsville meticulously fixed the issues, ensuring confidence in its reliability. The launch of Saturn V was surprisingly smooth for the astronauts, contrasting with the rougher Titan rocket used on Gemini 7. Its immense power meant that once in Earth orbit, the energy needed to reach the moon or even other planets was considered minimal. 1966 APOLLO 1
Book Title: Genesis: The Story of Apollo 8, the First Manned Flight to Another World Author: Bob Zimmerman Segment 8: Perilous Return: Navigation Glitch, Double Skip, and Ocean Landing Following the Christmas broadcast, the critical Trans Earth Injection (TEI) burn occurred behind the moon, relying solely on the SPS engine for their return. Jim Lovell famously announced, "I want to report that there is a Santa Claus," confirming the successful burn. However, Lovell later accidentally "cleared the gimbal," resetting the navigation. He expertly used a sextant and stars like Rigel and Sirius to reorient the craft, showcasing the astronauts' remarkable ability to correct errors. The return also involved a risky "double skip trajectory" re-entry into Earth's atmosphere at 25,000 mph, a maneuver only successfully performed twice before. They landed within three miles of recovery ships, though the capsule was top-heavy and flipped upside down upon splashdown. The mission was a testament to the risks taken, with NASA having been chastened by the Apollo 1 fire that killed Gus Grissom, Ed White, and Roger Chaffee in 1967, and the Soviets by Vladimir Komarov's death on Soyuz 1. DECEMBER 19688
Book Title: Genesis: The Story of Apollo 8, the First Manned Flight to Another World Author: Bob Zimmerman Segment 7: Christmas Eve in Lunar Orbit: Earthrise and a Genesis Reading On Christmas Eve, Apollo 8 entered lunar orbit, firing its SPS engine behind the moon with no communication. The crew initially found the moon's surface disappointing, describing it as "a skull" or a "sandbox." However, they captured the iconic "Earthrise" photograph; Frank Borman took a black and white image, while Bill Anders took the famous color one after scrambling for film. During a historic Christmas Eve telecast—the first from lunar orbit, broadcast in black and white—the astronauts, after much deliberation, read the first twelve verses of Genesis from the Old Testament, aiming to share a message of goodwill to the world.
Book Title: Genesis: The Story of Apollo 8, the First Manned Flight to Another World Author: Bob Zimmerman Segment 6: Trans-Lunar Journey: Primitive Tech and a Shrinking Earth Apollo 8 launched on December 21, 1968, the first day of its six-day window. After testing systems in Earth orbit, Capcom Mike Collins gave the "go" for Trans Lunar Injection (TLI), firing the upper stage engines to propel them towards the moon. The spacecraft's computer systems were primitive, inferior even to a Casio digital watch calculator; ground control dictated long strings of numbers for manual entry. As they left Earth, Jim Lovell described the view as "like being in a tunnel," with Earth shrinking rapidly from 25,000 miles per hour. Crucially, the SPS engine, essential for lunar orbit and return, had no redundancy, making its firing behind the moon a tense moment of Loss of Signal (LOS) for Earth-bound observers. 1851
Genesis: The Story of Apollo 8, the First Manned Flight to Another World Author: Bob Zimmerman Segment 3: The Unsung Heroes: Wives' Sacrifices Under Public Scrutiny The wives of the Apollo 8 crew—Susan Borman, Marilyn Lovell, and Valerie Anders—were central to the mission's story, facing intense media attention akin to being "under siege" in their "NASA village." Despite the financial strains of middle-class incomes and Valerie Anders raising five children under eight, all three women gave their husbands permission to go. Susan Borman, though supportive, was convinced Frank Borman would die in lunar orbit, needing reassurance from Chris Kraft that the mission had "a 50/50 chance" of success. 1870
Genesis: The Story of Apollo 8, the First Manned Flight to Another World Author: Bob Zimmerman Segment 4: NASA's Daring Gamble: Responding to Soviet Failures NASA's decision to send Apollo 8 on a circumlunar mission was a bold, aggressive move spurred by the Soviet Zondprogram. While the lunar module was behind schedule, George Low, manager of the Apollo program, proposed sending Apollo 8 to the moon after observing Soviet progress and knowing a simple Earth orbit repetition was a waste. The Soviets experienced failures with Zond 4 (self-destructed), Zond 5 (ballistic re-entry), and Zond 6 (lost atmosphere), which canceled their manned lunar mission. Low and Sam Phillips made the decision, informing a furious but ultimately supportive James Webb, NASA's head. This "gamble" was driven by the desire to prove American capabilities in the space race. 1957 SPUTNIK
Genesis: The Story of Apollo 8, the First Manned Flight to Another World Author: Bob Zimmerman Segment 2: The Elite Crew of Apollo 8: Dedication, Exploration, and Speed Frank Borman, an "old-fashioned American," was known for his honesty, deep sense of duty, and commitment to America. A West Point graduate and aeronautical instructor, he led the Apollo 1 investigation, ensuring meticulous preparation for Apollo 8. Jim Lovell, a "space cadet" and naval test pilot, desired space exploration, famously later commanding Apollo 13. His first mission with Borman, Gemini 7, proved humans could live in space for two weeks. William Anders, a rookie and military jet pilot, was driven by a love for speed and holds the human speed record from the Apollo 8 return. All three were relentlessly committed military veterans. 1929 MILANO
Genesis: The Story of Apollo 8, the First Manned Flight to Another World Author: Bob Zimmerman Segment 1: Setting the Stage: The Cold War and the Genesis of Apollo 8 In late 1968, Apollo 8 was poised for a mission amidst the global Cold War, a period where both sides held apocalyptic views of each other. President Kennedy had tasked Vice President Lyndon Johnson with the goal of reaching the moon, driving NASA's efforts. This race against Roscosmos, the Soviet program, was a battle of ideologies. The mission's crew, Frank Borman, William Anders, and Jim Lovell, were introduced as men with military backgrounds, ready to embark on what both sides believed was a critical moment for a circumlunar mission or moon landing. 1868 Jules Verne. "Aound the Moon."
Dr. Sky interviews Captain Jim Lovell, a former astronaut and retired United States Navy Captain renowned for his significant contributions to space exploration. The conversation, recorded in December 2014, covers Lovell's illustrious career, including his pivotal roles in the Gemini 7, Gemini 12, and Apollo missions. Lovell recounts his experiences in space, highlights key moments such as the Apollo 8 mission's historic lunar orbit during Christmas 1968, and the perilous Apollo 13 mission where the crew ingeniously overcame a critical failure to return safely to Earth. The episode concludes with Lovell's advice to young aspiring professionals and his vision for the future of space exploration. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
durée : 00:53:54 - Affaires sensibles - par : Fabrice Drouelle, Franck COGNARD - Aujourd'hui dans Affaires Sensibles, l'histoire de la mission lunaire Apollo 8. - invités : Michel TOGNINI - Michel Tognini : Astronaute - réalisé par : Stéphane COSME
BEFORE MARS COLONY: SOLVING THE EARTH-MOON SYSTEM FOR A MOON BASE: 8/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance 1955
BEFORE MARS COLONY: SOLVING THE EARTH-MOON SYSTEM FOR A MOON BASE: 4/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance 1951 GALAXY MAGAZINE
BEFORE MARS COLONY: SOLVING THE EARTH-MOON SYSTEM FOR A MOON BASE: 5/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance 1954 GALAXY MAGAZINE
BEFORE MARS COLONY: SOLVING THE EARTH-MOON SYSTEM FOR A MOON BASE: 6/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance 1930 JOHN CARTER ON MARS
BEFORE MARS COLONY: SOLVING THE EARTH-MOON SYSTEM FOR A MOON BASE: 7/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance 1917 EDGAR RICE BURROUGHS "PRINCESS OF MARS"
BEFORE MARS COLONY: SOLVING THE EARTH-MOON SYSTEM FOR A MOON BASE: 1/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance 1900 JULES VERNE AND MADAME VERNE
BEFORE MARS COLONY: SOLVING THE EARTH-MOON SYSTEM FOR A MOON BASE: 2/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance 1868 "FROM EARTH TO THE MOON" JULES VERNE
BEFORE MARS COLONY: SOLVING THE EARTH-MOON SYSTEM FOR A MOON BASE: 3/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance 1872 "AROUND THE MOON" JULES VERNE
Summary An artist's rendering of Apollo 8 as it photographs “Earthrise.” This episode reflects on the Apollo 8 mission's iconic "Earthrise" image in late December 1968 and the turbulent year that preceded it. It highlights enduring lessons on inequality, collective problem-solving, and environmental stewardship. The episode urges renewed respect for history and a commitment to addressing modern challenges with the same ingenuity that defined the space race. Three Takeaways Historical Literacy: The mission symbolizes humanity's capacity for courage, teamwork, and ingenuity, offering hope and a sense of shared accomplishment amidst turmoil. Historical Inequality: The unresolved issues of racial, gender, and economic inequities persist, echoing the divisions of 1968. Environmental Responsibility: "Earthrise" underscores the planet's fragility, emphasizing the need for collective stewardship over self-interest. About Jeff Jeff Ikler is the Director of Quetico Leadership and Career Coaching. “Quetico” (KWEH-teh-co). He works with leaders in all aspects of life to identify and overcome obstacles in their desired future. He came to the field of coaching after a 35-year career in educational publishing. Prior to his career in educational publishing, Jeff taught high school U.S. history and government. Jeff has hosted the “Getting Unstuck—Cultivating Curiosity” podcast for 5 years. The guests and topics he explores are designed to help listeners think differently about the familiar and welcome the new as something to consider. He is also the co-host of the Cultivating Resilience – A Whole Community Approach to Alleviating Trauma in Schools, which promotes mental health and overall wellness. Jeff co-authored Shifting: How School Leaders Can Create a Culture of Change. Shifting integrates leadership development and change mechanics in a three-part change framework to help guide school leaders and their teams toward productive change.
After circling the Moon ten times on Christmas Eve, it was time for Apollo 8 to come home.
Thursday's second hour.
durée : 00:53:54 - Affaires sensibles - par : Fabrice Drouelle, Franck COGNARD - Aujourd'hui dans Affaires Sensibles, l'histoire de la mission lunaire Apollo 8. - invités : Michel TOGNINI - Michel Tognini : Astronaute - réalisé par : Stéphane COSME
APOLLO 8'S BILL ANDERS, RIP: 6/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/william-anders-former-apollo-8-astronaut-who-took-earthrise-photo-dies-in-plane-crash/ar-BB1nQ1GY https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance UNDATED SATURN V
APOLLO 8'S BILL ANDERS, RIP: 8/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/william-anders-former-apollo-8-astronaut-who-took-earthrise-photo-dies-in-plane-crash/ar-BB1nQ1GY https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance. 1872 AROUND THE MOON, JULES VERNE
APOLLO 8'S BILL ANDERS, RIP: 7/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/william-anders-former-apollo-8-astronaut-who-took-earthrise-photo-dies-in-plane-crash/ar-BB1nQ1GY https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance. 1968 HOUSTON MISSION CONTROL
APOLLO 8'S BILL ANDERS, RIP: 5/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/william-anders-former-apollo-8-astronaut-who-took-earthrise-photo-dies-in-plane-crash/ar-BB1nQ1GY https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance 1958 THE MOON RACE BEGINS
APOLLO 8'S BILL ANDERS, RIP: 4/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/william-anders-former-apollo-8-astronaut-who-took-earthrise-photo-dies-in-plane-crash/ar-BB1nQ1GY https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance 1968 APOLLO 8 BY BILL ANDERS
APOLLO 8'S BILL ANDERS, RIP: 3/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/william-anders-former-apollo-8-astronaut-who-took-earthrise-photo-dies-in-plane-crash/ar-BB1nQ1GY https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance 1882 ROM THE EARTH TO THE MOON, JULES VERNE
APOLLO 8'S BILL ANDERS, RIP: 2/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/william-anders-former-apollo-8-astronaut-who-took-earthrise-photo-dies-in-plane-crash/ar-BB1nQ1GY https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance 1872 EARTH TO THE MOON, JULES VERNE
APOLLO 8'S BILL ANDERS, RIP: 1/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/william-anders-former-apollo-8-astronaut-who-took-earthrise-photo-dies-in-plane-crash/ar-BB1nQ1GY https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance 2014 OVER GERMANY
We see the sun every day as it rises and sets... it's one of the few constants in life. But it's a very dynamic body, throwing minor temper tantrums regularly. As it happens, we're at the peak of its 11-year cycle of activity and there's a lot going on! Dr. Alex Young, the Associate Director for Science in the Heliophysics Science Division at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, joins us to talk about the sun, solar activity cycles, the recent solar storms that have given us auroras and some communications blackouts, the science from the Parker solar probe, and much more. Don't take the friendly Mr. Sun for granted--join us for this fascinating episode! Headlines: NASA's accidental broadcast: A simulated medical emergency on the International Space Station was mistakenly aired for 8 minutes, causing brief panic before clarification. Spacewalk canceled: Just before a planned spacewalk, NASA canceled the event citing spacesuit discomfort, with few details provided. Voyager 1 update: The spacecraft is now sending back data from all four of its working instruments, a remarkable feat for the 47-year-old probe. Remembering Bill Anders: The Apollo 8 astronaut, known for the iconic Earthrise photo, passed away at 90 after a private plane crash. Main Topic - Our Friendly Mr. Sun: Heliophysics defined: Dr. Young explains that heliophysics studies the sun's atmosphere and its interactions with Earth and the solar system. Solar activity cycle: Currently near solar maximum, the sun is exhibiting increased sunspots, solar flares, and coronal mass ejections. Space weather impacts: Solar activity can affect technology, causing communication disruptions, satellite damage, and even power grid outages. Solar observation: A variety of spacecraft monitor the sun, including NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory and NOAA's GOES satellites. Parker Solar Probe: This groundbreaking mission is providing unprecedented data about the sun's corona and solar wind. Solar magnetic field: The sun's magnetic field flips every ~11 years, which can lead to increased solar activity during the transition. Carrington Event: This 1859 solar storm remains the benchmark for extreme space weather, causing telegraph systems to catch fire. Sun in pop culture: Rod, Tariq, and Dr. Alex Young discuss depictions of the sun in science fiction, separating fact from fiction. Solar research: Dr. Young shares his current work on the statistics of large solar events and improving science communication. Hosts: Rod Pyle and Tariq Malik Guest: C. Alex Young Download or subscribe to this show at https://twit.tv/shows/this-week-in-space. Get episodes ad-free with Club TWiT at https://twit.tv/clubtwit
THE NEW MOON RACE WITH MANY ENTRANTS: 8/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance.
THE NEW MOON RACE WITH MANY ENTRANTS: 1/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance. 1968 APOLLO 8
THE NEW MOON RACE WITH MANY ENTRANTS: 2/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author)) https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance. 1872 AROUND THE MOON BY JULES VERNE
THE NEW MOON RACE WITH MANY ENTRANTS: 3/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance. 2014 GOLDEN MOON
THE NEW MOON RACE WITH MANY ENTRANTS: 4/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance. 1882 FROM THE EARTH TO THE MOON BY JULES VERNE
THE NEW MOON RACE WITH MANY ENTRANTS: 5/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance. 1972 APOLLO 17
THE NEW MOON RACE WITH MANY ENTRANTS: 6/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance. 1972 APOLLO 17
THE NEW MOON RACE WITH MANY ENTRANTS: 7/8: Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 The story of Apollo 8, the first manned vehicle to leave earth orbit and circle round the moon, is told in vivid detail, focusing on the mission's historical, scientific, and media importance. 1900
PREVIEW: #APOLLO: #APOLLO 1: Conversation excerpt with colleague Bob Zimmerman re his book, GENESIS: The Story of Apollo 8, in which he messures that the catastrophe of the flash fire on Apollo 1, killing three astronauts, was immediately recognized by NASA as a rebuke to its over confident conduct and a turning point in the journey to the moon. More detail tonight. Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 1956
PREVIEW: #APOLLO: #COLDWAR Conversation excerpt with colleague Bob Zimmerman re his book, GENESIS: The Story of Apollo 8, in which Bob rejects the observation that NASA in the Cold War, the race to the Moon, was a military culture. More later tonight. Genesis: The Story Of Apollo 8 Paperback – by Robert Zimmerman (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Genesis-Story-Apollo-Robert-Zimmerman/dp/0440235561 1959
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