Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
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THE MOVE TO BEIJING AND XI ZHONGXUN'S 1962 PURGE Colleague Joseph Torigian. This segment explains that the book title comes from Mao's praise of Xi Zhongxun for prioritizing the party despite suffering. It traces the family's move to Beijing, the birth of "favorite son" Xi Jinping, and the father's complex loyalty to Mao. Torigiandetails Xi Zhongxun's 1962 purge, which foreshadowed the Cultural Revolution; he was removed for supporting a novel about martyr Liu Zhidan, which Mao viewed as a challenge. NUMBER 12
THE DANGEROUS NOVEL AND RED GUARD TORTURE Colleague Joseph Torigian. Torigian deepens the analysis of the "dangerous" novel Liu Zhidan, which Mao claimed was a counter-revolutionary plot indicative of "revisionism." This fear of losing revolutionary zeal, similar to the Soviet Union's path, drove Mao to utilize the Red Guards. The summary covers Xi Zhongxun's brutal treatment, including being kidnapped and tortured by Red Guardsin 1967 as the country descended into civil war. NUMBER 13
PREVIEW FOR LATER TONIGHT MAO'S SINICIZATION OF MARXISM AND THE GREAT LEAP FORWARD Colleague Joseph Torigian. Torigian discusses how Mao "sinicized" Marxism, rejecting Sovietdogmatism to interpret ideology flexibly. While Xi Zhongxun respected Mao's practical application of Leninism to China, Torigian notes that abandoning the Soviet model—viewed as "revisionist"—ultimately resulted in the Great Leap Forward, causing the deaths of approximately 30 million people. 1910 QING DYNASTY
PREVIEW FOR LATER TONIGHT THE SLOW REHABILITATION OF XI ZHONGXUN Colleague Joseph Torigian. Torigian details the slow rehabilitation of Xi Zhongxun, noting it took years after his release to fully return to work. He explains this delay occurred because Xi was persecuted by Mao personally. The Party moved cautiously to avoid signaling a sudden directional shift that might suggest the political system was collapsing. 1910 MAO
PREVIEW FOR LATER TONIGHT: Geoffrey Wawro argues Nixon's diplomacy with Mao focused specifically on achieving peace in Vietnam rather than just triangulating superpowers. Following North Vietnamese refusal to bow to these plans, Nixon authorized the devastating Linebacker II bombing campaign, aiming to destroy Hanoi. 1972 LINEBACKER ORDNANCE
Cosa si dice di Mao? Macilento, leggermente curvo, capelli neri lunghi, occhi grandi, inquisitori, naso pronunciato, zigomi sporgenti. E poi: intelligenza acuta, letale nell'ira, letale nell'astuzia, lettore onnivoro, lavoratore instancabile, una memoria di ferro. Un rivoluzionario. Quello che prima si è preso il Partito. Poi si è preso la Cina. Poi, si è preso il mito. Puntata speciale di fine anno: la vita di Mao, raccontata dagli altri e liberamente ispirato a Mao Zedong di Jonathan Spence e a Stella Rossa sulla Cina di Edgar Snow. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
MAO'S XENOPHOBIC REVOLUTION AND THE GREAT LEAP FORWARD Colleague Professor Sean McMeekin. Moving to China, McMeekin explains that Mao Zedong's ideology was a "bizarre melange" of Marxism, class envy, and intense xenophobia. Unlike European communists, Chinese communism was driven by a deep resentment of foreign imperialism. The conversation analyzes the catastrophe of the Great Leap Forward, where Maoattempted to surpass British economic output by collectivizing agriculture and creating "industrial armies"—an idea taken directly from the Communist Manifesto and Stalin's Five-Year Plans. This experiment resulted in the death of 40 to 45 million people. McMeekin notes that Mao ignored warnings from Soviet advisors to avoid their past mistakes, driven instead by a competitive desire to outdo the Soviets and a "fantasmagorical" hatred of foreign influence. NUMBER 5
THE CULTURAL REVOLUTION: THE CULT OF YOUTH AND ANARCHY Colleague Professor Sean McMeekin. This segment covers the chaos of the mid-1960s Cultural Revolution. Mao mobilized a "cult of youth" to destroy the "old"—teachers, books, and cultural heritage—in a bid to purge rivals and reinvigorate the revolution. McMeekin describes this as the "nihilistic side" of communism carried to its logical conclusion: the destruction of civilization itself to build a blank slate. The Red Guards unleashed anarchy that the party could barely control, attacking foreign embassies and even targeting the Soviet Union, which Mao utilized as a convenient enemy alongside the United States. This period allowed Mao to "punch above his weight" geopolitically, despite the domestic ruin. The violence and indoctrination of the young set a grim precedent, specifically inspiring the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia to arm children against their elders. NUMBER 6
Marxist-Leninist ideology in China has remained consistent since 1949 with successive dictators adapting Mao's version of communism with new twists and turns. Deng Xiaoping took the greatest departure from Maoism but kept Marxism-Leninism as the state ideology. Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao put their spin on communism, while also maintaining ideological continuity. Under Xi Jinping today, communism in China is experiencing a forced revival within the Chinese Communist Party despite the masses of China's people recognizing it as a failed European ideology deserving of contempt. This episode explains how Xi is reverting to Mao-style totalitarian communism and a more aggressive expansion around the world. For the counterproposal, this episode explains why mere anti-communism is not enough and a new faith-based worldview is the ultimate solution to defeating communism. For the news section, this program addresses how artificial intelligence is being used by the Indo-Pacific command to deter conflict with China. The interview portion hears from Bradley Thayer, an expert on both China and communism.
In this episode of The Winston Marshall Show, I sit down with activist and self-described decolonisation campaigner Xavier Soylash for a confrontational interview on radical identity politics, gender ideology, communism, and the future of Britain.We examine claims that the Union Jack is a symbol of fascism worse than the Nazi flag, the rejection of biological sex, and the argument that borders, nationhood, and private property are colonial constructs that must be abolished. This conversation follows the logic of modern progressive ideology taken to its most extreme conclusions.Soylash defends Marxism, Lenin, Stalin, and Mao, dismisses historical death tolls as Western propaganda, and argues that communism has never truly been tried because the left has never gone far enough. We debate decolonisation, gender identity, radical inclusivity, and whether ideology has replaced evidence, history, and common sense.The discussion also covers Ukraine, the Azov Battalion, COVID boosters, mass migration, open borders, polyamory, and cousin marriage, revealing the worldview driving the most radical elements of today's political left.A tense and revealing interview that exposes how far identity politics has gone and asks whether radical progressivism ultimately collapses under the weight of its own contradictions.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------To see more exclusive content and interviews consider subscribing to my substack here: https://www.winstonmarshall.co.uk/-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------FOLLOW ME ON SOCIAL MEDIA:Substack: https://www.winstonmarshall.co.uk/X: https://twitter.com/mrwinmarshallInsta: https://www.instagram.com/winstonmarshallLinktree: https://linktr.ee/winstonmarshall----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Chapters 00:00 – Introduction 02:24 – Decolonisation, the Union Jack & British History06:41 – Marxism, Lenin, Stalin & the Radical Left Worldview11:18 – Gender Identity, Biology & Self-Identification16:24 – Ukraine, the Azov Battalion & Progressive Activism at War20:42 – Covid, Boosters & Pandemic Ideology21:57 – Mass Migration, Borders & Private Property26:02 – Cousin Marriage, Genetic Risk & Social Taboo29:42 – Polyamory, Relationships & the End of Marriage32:41 – Final Exchange Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
Founder of the People's Republic of China, Mao Zedong is currently being white washed for a new generation of "socialists". The record however, speaks for it's self. Let's look into who Mao was, what his philosophy was and how he carried it out. This is not what is being taught in the colleges and universities!Email us at: downtherh@protonmail.com
Joining Audrey for this week's REELTalk - Exec. Dir. of American Constitutional Rights Union and bestselling author, LTC ALLEN WEST, will be here! PLUS, Terror Threat Analyst and former FBI Agent, JOHN GUANDOLO will be here! PLUS, bestselling author of Mao's America, XI VAN FLEET will be here! AND, Grammy Winning Singer/Songwriter BRYAN DUNCAN will be here! In the words of Benjamin Franklin, "If we do not hang together, we shall surely hang separately." Come hang with us...
Historically Thinking: Conversations about historical knowledge and how we achieve it
According to Chinese Communist official Xi Zhongxun, his first revolutionary act was an attempt to poison one of his school's administrators when he was 14. He was faithful to the revolution, and the Chinese Communist Party, until his death at age 88 in 2002. In between those ages was a remarkable life. He fought Nationalists and Japanese. He was a right-hand man to both Zhou Enlai in the 1950s, and Hu Yaobang in the 1980s. As the Party administrator responsible for dealing with religious groups, he negotiated with the Dalai Lama–and would show off the wristwatch that the Dalai Lama gave him. But Xi also spent sixteen years in house arrest, internal exile, under suspicion, or at least out of power, from 1962 to 1978. “In the early 1990s, Xi even boasted to a Western historian that although Deng Xiaoping had suffered at the hands of the party on three occasions, he had been persecuted five times.” All this would make Xi Zhongxun fascinating simply as a psychological study of a Communist functionary who, despite everything, remained devoted to the system that oppressed him. But Xi Zhongxun was also the father of Xi Jinping, now effectively the dictator of China. If we are to understand the younger Xi, argues my guest Joseph Torigian, then we must understand his father.Joseph Torigian is an associate professor in the School of International Service at American University in Washington, a senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, and a center associate of the Lieberthal-Rogel Center for Chinese Studies at the University of Michigan. He was previously on the podcast to discuss his book Prestige, Manipulation, and Coercion: Elite Power Struggles in the Soviet Union and China after Stalin and Mao, a conversation that was published on May 23, 2022. His latest book is The Party's Interests Come First: The Life of Xi Zhongxun, Father of Xi Jinping was released with Stanford University Press in June 2025. It was a Financial Times Book of the Summer and an Economist Best Book of the Year So Far.00:00 — Introduction02:19 — Overview of Xi Zhongxun's Life07:15 — Early Life and Revolutionary Beginnings11:44 — Growing Up as a Peasant in Shaanxi15:02 — Path to the Communist Base Areas19:21 — The United Front Work24:10 — Work with Ethnic Minorities26:00 — The 1935 Arrest by Fellow Communists27:56 — Patronage and Party Relationships30:51 — The Northwest Bureau and China's Territorial Expansion33:43 — Personal Life and Family36:37 — The 1962 Purge41:50 — Sixteen Years of Persecution44:37 — Why Bring Him Back?46:53 — Deng Xiaoping's Distrust50:55 — Grudges and Party History52:33 — Xi Jinping and His Father's Legacy59:17 — Conclusion
At the 2025 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, Dr. Jun Mao, an integrative medicine specialist and licensed acupuncturist at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, presented research showing that both real and sham acupuncture can help improve cognitive function in women treated for breast cancer. Sham acupuncture mimics real acupuncture, but no needles pierce the skin. Listen to the episode to hear Dr. Mao explain: the complexities of chemo brain and why the causes are more than chemotherapy the results of the study his advice for people who would like to try acupuncture
In this episode of Pekingology, CSIS Senior Fellow Henrietta Levin is joined by Minxin Pei, author of the new book, "The Broken China Dream: How Reform Revived Totalitarianism." Minxin traces the evolution of China's political and economic system through the post-Mao era, highlighting key moments in which the Party's efforts to strengthen collective leadership inadvertently planted the seeds of Xi Jinping's eventual power grab. To hear more from Minxin, check out this 2024 episode of Pekingology: The Sentinel State
FARA: From Fighting Nazi Propaganda to Modern Transparency: Colleague Kenneth P. Vogel explains that the Foreign Agents Registration Act was originally enacted in 1938 to counter Nazi propaganda in the United States before World War II; at the time, the Third Reich was paying well-connected American consultants to whitewash Hitler's image and keep the U.S. out of the war, operating without public knowledge, and Congress passed FARA to create transparency, requiring those paid by foreign principals to influence the U.S. government or media to register their activities, with the law remaining today the primary vehicle for accountability in foreign lobbying 1940 MAO
No vídeo de hoje eu explico por que a frase de Trump — de que os EUA vão “testar armas nucleares em igualdade de condições com China e Rússia” — acende todos os alertas justamente em Pequim. A partir do polêmico anúncio, eu mostro como funciona o jogo de ambiguidade em torno de Lop Nor: a China não testa oficialmente desde 1996, diz cumprir o Tratado de Proibição Completa de Testes, mas amplia túneis, poços profundos e infraestrutura de testes no deserto de Xinjiang para estar pronta no dia em que o regime de controle ruir. Aí eu volto no tempo: Mao chamando a bomba de “tigre de papel”, o medo real de EUA, URSS e Índia, a expulsão de Qian Xuesen dos EUA (e como isso ajudou a criar o programa nuclear chinês), o primeiro teste em 1964, a doutrina de “dissuasão mínima” e o famoso compromisso de “não usar primeiro” — ao mesmo tempo em que Pequim demorou para aderir ao TNP e flertou com a proliferação via Paquistão. De lá, venho para o presente: campos de silos gigantes, novos mísseis intercontinentais com múltiplas ogivas, capacidades hipersônicas, submarinos modernizados e um arsenal que já passou das “centenas baixas”, tudo sob uma névoa estatística que impede qualquer controle de armas sério entre três grandes potências. Falo também das purgas na Força de Foguetes, da corrupção em larga escala dentro do programa nuclear e do paradoxo de um arsenal em rápida modernização comandado por uma estrutura política cada vez mais opaca e centralizada em Xi Jinping. No fim, respondo às perguntas centrais: o que Trump realmente ganha ao ameaçar voltar a testar? A China está apenas reforçando a capacidade de segundo ataque ou caminhando para paridade nuclear com EUA e Rússia? E, sobretudo, o que significa para o mundo entrar numa Guerra Fria 2.0 com três potências nucleares disputando prestígio, dissuasão e narrativas ao mesmo tempo.
Founder of the People's Republic of China, Mao Zedong is currently being white washed for a new generation of "socialist".The record however, speaks for it's self.Let's look into who Mao was, what his philosophy was and how he carried it out.This is not what is being taught in the colleges and universities!Email us at: downtherh@protonmail.com
You're listening to American Ground Radio with Stephen Parr and Louis R. Avallone. This is the full show for December 4, 2025. 0:30 Do you ever stop and think about what America used to be like? A country where political disagreements didn’t come packaged with threats, bankruptcies, mobs, and blacklists. From Reagan’s America to even Bill Clinton’s America, the conversation turns to how radically the tone has shifted under Obama and Biden. That sets the stage for the day’s story: Rep. Ilhan Omar launching a new boycott campaign — “We Ain’t Buying It” — aimed squarely at companies that work with the Trump administration. We unpack her loaded language: businesses must “pay a costly price” and she calls on supporters to use “every leverage” in their “arsenal.” We compare that rhetoric to historical patterns — from the French Revolution to Mao’s Red Guards to the Weather Underground — where phrases like “pay a heavy price” were precursors to coercion, destruction, and political violence. 9:30 Plus, we cover the Top 3 Things You Need to Know. More than four years after it happened, the FBI has finally made an arrest in the January 6th Pipe Bomb case. A new report out says there has been widespread fraud in Obamacare Subsidies. Two more Afghani immigrants to the US have been arrested on terrorism charges. 12:30 Get Prodovite Plus from Victory Nutrition International for 20% off. Go to vni.life/agr and use the promo code AGR20. 13:00 AT&T just joined the growing list of major corporations ditching their DEI programs — and we aren’t shedding a tear. We break down how deeply AT&T had plunged into the ideology, pushing training that claimed racism was a “uniquely white trait,” a stance that is not only absurd but openly discriminatory. From African ethnic conflicts to Imperial Japan’s belief in racial superiority, we point out the obvious: bigotry has never been exclusive to any one group. 16:00 The American Mamas dive into the big headline of the week: Michael and Susan Dell dropping a jaw-dropping $6.25 billion into Trump’s new children’s savings account program. Teri Netterville and Kimberly Burleson break down why this move could change the future for millions of kids, why early business education matters, and why generosity like this sparks both inspiration and outrage. If you'd like to ask our American Mamas a question, go to our website, AmericanGroundRadio.com/mamas and click on the Ask the Mamas button. 23:00 For the fourth month in a row, housing costs in America are falling — and the reason why has the left fuming. We break down how deporting two million illegal immigrants and ending mass releases at the border is reshaping the housing market. J.D. Vance calls the connection “clear as day,” and the numbers back him up. It’s simple economics, not politics — supply, demand, and what happens when you stop overwhelming the system. Common sense? Absolutely. Controversial? You bet. 25:00 The fatal flaw of socialism isn’t just that it has always failed — it’s that it can never succeed. We break down why “from each according to his ability, to each according to his need” works inside a loving family… but collapses the moment it’s applied to millions of imperfect human beings. Socialism demands angelic selflessness from everyone, all the time. Capitalism? It only requires people not to be outright monsters — a bar most folks can clear most of the time. From human nature to the Pilgrims to New Yorkers honking on the freeway, we dig deep into why socialism always slides into coercion, why capitalism aligns with reality, and why any system that relies on perfect people is doomed. 32:00 Get TrimROX from Victory Nutrition International for 20% off. Go to vni.life/agr and use the promo code AGR20. 32:30 We dive into a bombshell claim making waves: an internal FDA letter that critics say proves what they’ve been warning about for years — that young Americans were pushed into COVID shots they never needed, and that the government never wanted anyone questioning it. From vaccine mandates to college campuses, from “follow the science” to full-blown censorship, we walk back through how debate got shut down, how experts were elevated to unquestionable status, and how anyone who raised concerns — parents, doctors, journalists — was labeled a conspiracy theorist. 35:30 There’s finally a bright spot out of North Carolina this week—one that could change the game on violent repeat offenders. After months of shootings, releases, and a justice system that kept turning the same people back onto the streets, something different just happened in Charlotte. An 18-year-old—arrested multiple times for firing into homes—was picked up again. But this time? He didn’t walk free. His bond: $5.3 million. What changed? A brand-new law that just went into effect, born from a tragedy that never should have happened. And for the first time in a long time, it looks like consequences are finally catching up to the people who’ve been terrorizing innocent families. 40:00 And then there’s Mariah Carey—yes, the Christmas queen herself—making headlines again, but not for the song you’ve already heard 500 times this month. Over the summer, she showed up at an event in the U.K. wearing a glitter-bombed, rhinestone jacket that read “Protect the Dolls.” Now? She’s putting that jacket up for auction. And the cause it supports has a very specific mission: pushing more gender ideology into mainstream entertainment. So while everyone else is cueing up her Christmas tracks, she’s using her platform to bankroll something very different. And honestly… that deserves a big “whoa.” 41:30 And finally, a story that’ll restore a little of your faith in humanity. A first-year teacher in Virginia nearly lost her life after choking in front of her class—but three of her first graders jumped into action like seasoned pros. These kids didn’t panic—they became heroes. And their teacher says, “They 100% saved my life.” Now that’s the kind of story we need more of. Follow us: americangroundradio.com Facebook: facebook.com / AmericanGroundRadio Instagram: instagram.com/americangroundradioSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
Een slaande ruzie tussen de nieuwe premier van Japan Sanae Takaichi en het Chinese bewind van Xi Jinping zet een oud conflict op scherp. Dit raakt niet alleen de machtsverhouding in Oost-Azië, maar meteen ook de rol van de Verenigde Staten in de Stille Oceaan en die van Rusland in zijn eigen verre oosten. En omdat het uiteindelijk draait om het eiland Taiwan, raakt het ook de Europese Unie. En bovenal Nederland, als thuisbasis van ASML. Jaap Jansen en PG Kroeger diepen drie vragen uit: -Waarom provoceerde premier Takaichi meteen bij haar aantreden de grote buur? En waarom reageerde Trump, die 'groot respect' voor haar heeft, zo afhoudend? -Waarom sloeg Xi zo fel terug? -Welke diepe historische gevoeligheden, herinneringen en angsten maken deze explosie even begrijpelijk als riskant? *** Deze aflevering is mede mogelijk gemaakt met donaties van luisteraars die we hiervoor hartelijk danken. Word ook vriend van de show! Heb je belangstelling om in onze podcast te adverteren of ons te sponsoren? Zend ons een mailtje en wij zoeken contact. *** Het pacifisme werd Japan na 1945 opgelegd door president Harry Truman als prijs voor de terugkeer onder de 'fatsoenlijke naties'. Maar in 1972 kwam de 'Nixon Shokku'. De opening naar China door Richard Nixon leek Japan in de kou te zetten en dwong tot herijking van de geopolitieke strategie. Premier Shinzo Abe zette de deur open naar 'zelfverdediging' als agressievere houding en stelde: “Een noodsituatie rond Taiwan is een noodtoestand voor Japan." Dat zijn protegee Takaichi dit herhaalde toen zij Taiwan bezocht, alarmeerde Beijing. Haar coalitie werd direct vanuit China onder druk gezet. Maar dit gaf haar populariteit alleen maar een impuls. Het lijkt erop dat het Chinese bewind hier ook een onverwachte kans zag. Een overleg met een hoge ambtenaar uit Tokyo werd theatraal in scène gezet om hevige nationalistische en historische affecten op te jagen. Zowel militair als cultureel werd Japan in de ban gedaan. Popconcerten van JO1 werden geschrapt, toerisme opgeschort. Een herhaling van massale anti-Japan demonstraties van 2010 dreigde. De Japanse premier probeerde meteen te sussen. Xi Jinping kan deze opwinding goed gebruiken. Hij laat het volk stoom afblazen nu hij zijn nieuwe vijfjarenplan inluidt waarin hightech prioriteit heeft maar het platteland en de middenklasse moeten inleveren. En door Japan aan te pakken terwijl Trump hem schijnbaar bijvalt, laat hij Taiwan voelen dat het eiland nog verder in het isolement gedreven wordt. Deze harde aanpak is in China niet zonder reden populair. Japan overtrof na 1870 de grote buur als nieuwe, moderne wereldmacht en veroverde Taiwan en Korea. Sleutelfiguur in deze razendsnelle ontwikkeling was keizer Meiji die zijn land opengooide naar het Westen als een soort Thorbecke of Deng Xiaoping van zijn tijd. De gruwelen van Japanse agressie in China na 1930 en Mao's militaire triomf over Japan drukken een zwaar stempel op de relaties. Ten diepste is China nog steeds bevreesd voor een ambitieus Japan. Dat premier Takaichi zich als een soort beschermvrouwe van Taiwan zou profileren raakt een open zenuw. Maar tegelijkertijd kan Xi dat eiland laten nu voelen hoe het alleen staat. Het kan zich maar beter in de open armen van China storten. Zijn droom van een 'vreedzame hereniging' naar het model van Dengs greep naar Hong Kong kan zo dichterbij komen. Hij zou dan de voltooier zijn van de nationale eenheid en als heerser voorgoed de gelijke worden van Mao en Deng. *** Verder luisteren 458 - De gedroomde nieuwe wereldorde van Poetin en Xi https://art19.com/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/episodes/7e62cdac-bdb9-450c-af23-a7f974ec3e42 453 – 75 jaar Volksrepubliek China, waar is het feestje? https://art19.com/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/episodes/2268a339-e0ca-4d2a-85bd-2ec5c4b6a1ca 24 - Ties Dams over China's nieuwe keizer Xi Jinping https://art19.com/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/episodes/796c8734-7866-4295-b672-335e345da39e 220 - China's nieuwe culturele revolutie https://art19.com/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/episodes/3d52b1c2-d383-4e2c-991b-5531b6de78ae 245 - Oompje neemt de trein – de reis die China naar de 21e eeuw bracht https://art19.com/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/episodes/8041cd16-d577-45e1-83a9-efd7676c226a 250 - Nixon in China: de week die de wereld veranderde https://art19.com/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/episodes/bee983d6-1372-470a-8ce9-27ea6a2d3020 225 - Nixon in China: Henry Kissinger's geheime (en hilarische) trip naar Beijing https://art19.com/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/episodes/cff20ade-b4b1-47a8-b554-0fccc620e096 447 - Als Trump wint staat Europa er alleen voor https://art19.com/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/episodes/eee9ebfb-042b-4753-b70d-a48e915b5beb 488 - Het Congres van Wenen (1814-1815) als briljant machtsspel https://art19.com/shows/betrouwbare-bronnen/episodes/1423134d-c671-4a71-805a-1d21ab9f7de6 *** Tijdlijn 00:00:00 – Deel 1 00:36:16 – Deel 2 00:54:06 – Deel 3 01:20:19 – EindeSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
6/8. Mao's Sparrow Campaign and the Worst Human-Created Disaster — Steven Moss — Moss recounts Chairman Mao's 1958 order for systematic extermination of the Tree Sparrow, predicated on the erroneous belief that sparrows consumed excessive grain supplies. Moss documents that the Chinese population executed massive killing campaigns, often exhausting sparrows to death through relentless pursuit. Moss explains that because sparrows feed their fledglings primarily on insects, the resulting explosive insect population boom devastated agricultural harvests, contributing to a catastrophic famine potentially killing 45–50 million Chinese citizens. Moss notes that ornithologists who attempted to warn Mao of ecological consequences faced subsequent persecution. Moss documents that this disastrous ecological intervention forced China to import 250,000 replacement sparrows the following year.
Can psychedelics really connect you to God—or are they just another spiritual trap?Check out Austin Mao's offerings at CeremoniaCircle.org !Join TruthSeekah & Arien for our next retreat in Sedona! Tickets at TruthSeekah.com !✨ Download Our FREE Throne Room Meditation✨ ➡️ https://www.academy.seer.school➡️ Support on Patreon! https://patreon.com/join/truthseekah✅ Get access to 40+ video lessons + Weekly LIVE calls!✅ Worldwide Online Community!✅ Courses, Monthly Webinars, Prayer, Meditation, Discussion✅ TruthSeekah's Meditation Library
7/8 The Unfilial Son and the Trauma of Informing — Tanya Branigan — This segment recounts the 1970 execution of Fu Zhong Mo, a devoted Communist Party member who was denounced following her criticism of Mao. Her seventeen-year-old son, Jiang Hong Bing, informed state authorities against his mother, subordinating filial obligation to worship of Mao Zedong. Fu was publicly executed, and her corpse was subsequently moved multiple times by authorities. Jiang lives with severe guilt, characterizing himself as an "unfilial son" and tormented by the knowledge that he and his father directly facilitated her judicial murder. 1967 SHANGHAI
6/8 Impersonators, Nostalgia, and the Fall of Lin Biao — Tanya Branigan — CR nostalgia manifests in organized commemorative groups and the remarkable phenomenon of Lin Biao impersonators. Lin Biao, once Mao's designated successor and principal architect of the personality cult, was subsequently vilified following his mysterious plane crash and disappearance. His dramatic downfall fractured revolutionary faith among many Chinese. Former educated youth, who endured severe conditions during rural exile, maintain regular reunion gatherings recalling their youthful experiences with nostalgic fondness, seeking transcendent meaning and harking back to an era they perceive as morally uncomplicated. 1967
“May you live in interesting times,” is supposed to be a Chinese mantra. But according to Cambridge University China expert, Christopher Marquis, our current interesting times are actually a curse for businesses seeking stability rather than disorder. Is this, then, a moment for “strategic hibernation” Marquis asks in a provocative Harvard Business Review piece. Yes, he mostly answers. Businesses are indeed frozen by a perfect storm of uncertainty—overhyped AI, tariffs, and climate disasters. And speaking out in these turbulent times, he warns, can carry severe consequences -such as Jack Ma's “cancellation” and the NBA's exile from Chinese TV demonstrated after political missteps. Marquis, author of Mao and Markets, draws on his decade observing Chinese corporate survival tactics to counsel American companies navigating the stormy Trump waters: continue vital work like DEI internally, but avoid publicly poking the political bear. The Prohibition playbook offers a historical model—1920s brewers pivoted to soft drinks using their core bottling capabilities, hibernating their alcohol-making assets until the environment changed. The exception? Brands built on moral values, like Patagonia and Dr. Bronner's, shouldn't go silent—but even they should seek strength in collective action rather than standing alone. Rather than poking the bear, Marquis concludes about our interesting times, become the bear and hibernate. This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit keenon.substack.com/subscribe
Jeremy Hababou Foggy Mountain Spaceship Covers :Anna Lapwood : Duel of the fates7e Avenue : YesterdayMechanical Music Man : Take Five - Get LuckyEmil Ernebro : Don't stop me nowIse MitsueJoube live aux Nuits de Fourvière Sons zarbi :Walk off the Earth : New son ideaDaryush Haidutski : musique rasoirLenstrumental : stylos & table en bois William Sheller :Lux AeternaOrchestre de St Omer : The mass Trucs en vrac :Fanboy Films : Ice under pressureBellringers : Hedwige themeLachy Doley : Hammond SoloHiromi : Blackbird La +BCdM :Michel Polnareff : Le bal des LazeLive 2007par Ange - Dolly & co - Sühnopfer - Laurent Voulzy - Pascal ObispoPolnareff : Y a qu'un ch'veu La Playlist de la +BCdM :sur le Tube à Waltersur Spotify (merci John Cytron) sur Deezer (merci MaO de Paris)sur Amazon Music (merci Hellxions)et sur Apple Music (merci Yawourt)Vote pour la Plus Belle Chanson du Monde Le son mystère (38'28) :José Garcimore & Denise Fabreavec :FannyAudeArmelle CouvertMergrinDavid JDLPCausmic BeastPapy GeekPop goes the WZAGenevièveCirbafePinchoKarinemerci à :StéphaneDavidDidierPop goes the WZAMichel Buffapodcasts & liens cités :Passion MédiévistesPlanète of the tapespodCloudTumyxo saison 2 : récit au jour le jourWalter sur BlueSkyWalter sur MastodonWalter sur InstagramLes 100 +BCdMLe générique de fin est signé Cousbou
Instead of a news roundup, we are releasing the second episode of our new miniseries Chinese Prestige. Annual subscribers already have access, while everyone else can get the 8 episodes for $5 for two weeks only. This conversation examines China's early post-Korean War period and the political and social campaigns that defined the new PRC. The group discusses land reform, the Three-anti and Five-anti campaigns, Soviet-style economic planning centered on heavy industry, and the technocratic overhaul of higher education. They also explore China's deteriorating relationship with the United States, shifting ties with the Soviet Union after Stalin's death, early signs of the Sino-Soviet split, and Mao's tightening control. Theme music by Jake Aron, based on the song “The East is Red.”
Cześć, w najnowszym odcinku serii Powojnie wracam do wątku, o którym mało kto dziś pamięta. A przecież to była jedna z najgroźniejszych sytuacji w powojennej historii świata. Związek Radziecki i Chińska Republika Ludowa były o krok od wojny.Najbardziej napięty moment przypadł na 1969 rok. Spory graniczne między dwoma komunistycznymi mocarstwami doprowadziły je na skraj otwartego konfliktu. Moskwa przez lata lekceważyła Pekin. Mao nie zamierzał dłużej tego tolerować i systematycznie odsuwał się od ZSRR, coraz wyraźniej akcentując niezależność Chin.Punktem zapalnym stała się wyspa na rzece Ussuri. To tam padły pierwsze strzały. Starcia później przeniosły się również w rejon Sinciangu.W Moskwie rozważano nawet prewencyjne uderzenie nuklearne na Chiny. Ostatecznie nic takiego nie nastąpiło, a obie strony doszły do porozumienia — choć dla żadnej z nich nie było ono satysfakcjonujące. Dlatego relacje chińsko-sowieckie jeszcze przez lata pozostawały napięte.Jeżeli chcecie poznać całą historię tego sporu, zapraszam na odcinek.
The common story of modern China's development is that it has two ages: Mao, and reform. The truth is there are at least six internally coherent economic eras within the country's journey from basket case to superpower. Each with their own rules and obsessions. That's certainly the view of Philip Pilkington, who has been crunching the deep data on the Chinese economy, in a new paper for Eurasia Magazine. This week, in an hour long special, Andrew Collingwood quizzes him on the particularities of these periods: from the black-and-white-cats of Deng, to the red-in-tooth-and-claw market mercantilism of Hu Jintao, up to Xi's property sinking funds and robot army. As Philip argues, most US Republicans still imagine that the central danger of China is that it trades unfairly - in truth, the country has moved on from that point on the global value chain.Remember you can get special paywalled premium episodes of Multipolarity every month on Patreon: https://patreon.com/multipolarity or by becoming a member on our YouTube Channel (just click Join).
HEADLINE: The Cultural Revolution and the Nihilistic Cult of Youth GUEST AUTHOR: Professor Sean McMeekin 50-WORD SUMMARY: The Cultural Revolution, spearheaded by the Red Guards, was a nihilistic, xenophobic cult of youth. Mao used this violent anarchy to purge rivals and overturn literate civilization, destroying books and attacking professors. Mao also exploited severe tension with Moscow, using anti-Soviet rhetoric as a cudgel against internal opponents and to gain geopolitical influence.
Xi Jinping is the most authoritarian and longest serving Chinese leader since Mao - and probably the most powerful man on earth. But what makes him tick, and what does is upbringing tell us about his behaviour today?Joseph Torigian spent nine years researching this question. The result is The Party's Interests Comes First - a biography of Xi's father, Xi Zhongxun. Torigan sat down with Roland Oliphant to discuss what he discovered about Xi's family history, and how it's shaping China and the world today.► Sign up to our most popular newsletter, From the Editor. Look forward to receiving free-thinking comment and the day's biggest stories, every morning. telegraph.co.uk/fromtheeditorhttps://linktr.ee/BattleLinesContact us with feedback or ideas:battlelines@telegraph.co.uk @venetiarainey@RolandOliphant Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
The focus shifts to Mao Zedong and Chinese communism, which was highly influenced by sharp anti-imperialism and xenophobia, blending the Marxist binary struggle with resentment of foreign exploitation. After Stalin's death, Mao began to "experiment," resulting in the Great Leap Forward, which aimed to rapidly "catch up and surpass the West" by radically overturning agriculture and simultaneously industrializing. This chaotic effort, including the collectivization of agriculture and communal organization, led to a vast famine that caused the deaths of tens of millions of people.
The Nihilism of the Red Guards and Mao's International Maneuvers Professor Sean McMeekin This segment explores the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution (1966) and the Red Guards, characterized by a "radical cult of youth" and a nihilistic side of communism involving the destruction of urbane, literate civilization and turning against education, books, professors, the elderly, and foreigners. During this time, there was severe tension between Moscow and Beijing in the Sino-Soviet split. Mao utilized the Soviet Union as a useful enemy to demonize and scapegoat opponents internally, while using geopolitical maneuvering—such as coziness with Romania and the eventual opening to the United States—to punch above his weight internationally.
Episode Summary: Ideas have consequences. Bad ideas have victims. This episode examines the impact of critical theory aka cultural Marxism, upon some Christians' thinking today in their view of ICE, law-enforcement, and gender roles. For Further Prayerful Thought:How does “cultural Marxism” sound like what you've heard about (economic), i.e. regular Marxism?If justice means there must be no disparities of money, ability, or power in society, why does it logically follow that the “have nots” will be hostile to the “haves?” Why might they be able to justify a revolution as Mao did in China?Why would it be tragic if the legitimate enforcement of the law were seen as authoritarianism? Knowing that holders of authority can and do use it unjustly, why do you think God takes such a strong stand (in Rom 13 and I Pet 2) requiring Christians to obey authority.What do you think of the argument that the biblical teaching about gender roles and church leadership is so clear that to deny it strongly suggests Christians are being shaped by culture and not Scripture? For the printed version of this message click here.For a summary of topics addressed by podcast series, click here.For FREE downloadable studies on men's issues click here.To make an online contribution to enable others to hear about the podcast: (Click link and scroll down to bottom left)
Joining Audrey for this week's REELTalk - Terror Threat Analyst and former FBI Agent, JOHN GUANDOLO will be here! PLUS, bestselling author of Mao's America, XI VAN FLEET will be here! PLUS, candidate for the US Senate seat in Texas, ALEXANDER DUNCAN will be here! In the words of Benjamin Franklin, "If we do not hang together, we shall surely hang separately." Come hang with us...
Methylene blue is one of the most misunderstood compounds in biohacking, yet it can upgrade your energy, mood, memory, and cellular resilience when you use it the right way. We are back again with another solo masterclass, and this one breaks down how to use methylene blue as a precision tool for brain optimization, longevity, and human performance while avoiding the dosing mistakes that create jitteriness, sleep disruption, or dangerous interactions. Watch this episode on YouTube for the full video experience: https://www.youtube.com/@DaveAspreyBPR Host Dave Asprey guides you through more than a century of research on methylene blue. He has been hacking this compound since the early 2000s and brings deep insight into mitochondria, neuroplasticity, metabolism, supplements, fasting, red light, ketosis, nootropics, and functional medicine. You will learn how methylene blue works inside the cell, how it improves electron transport, and why it appears in neurology, psychiatry, and anti aging research at the same time. This episode shows you how to test your own dose, how to stack it with light and ketosis for maximum effect, and how to avoid serotonin syndrome or sleep disruption. Methylene blue also touches nearly every major system that biohackers care about, which is why this solo masterclass shows you how it interacts with mitochondria, neuroplasticity, metabolism, sleep optimization, and long term anti aging pathways. You will hear how it influences redox balance, ATP production, brain optimization, and stress resilience, and how it behaves when combined with ketosis, fasting, creatine, NAD boosters, red light therapy, or other nootropics. Host Dave Asprey explains why methylene blue pairs well with certain supplements but clashes with psychedelics or SSRI medications, how it fits into functional medicine protocols for mitochondrial repair, and how to use data and wearable tracking to dial in your response. This episode gives you a complete framework to evaluate whether methylene blue belongs in your personal longevity strategy and how to use it with precision instead of guesswork. You'll Learn: • Why methylene blue acts like mitochondrial jumper cables and when it improves energy and mood • The exact signs that your dose is too strong, too weak, or in the Goldilocks zone • How methylene blue interacts with neuroplasticity, memory circuits, and cognitive resilience • Why psychedelics, SSRIs, and MAO inhibitors can create dangerous serotonin interactions • How to pair methylene blue with red light therapy, ketosis, creatine, fasting, or NAD boosters • The link between mitochondrial health, fertility, libido, and long term anti aging strategies • How to track sleep optimization, HRV, and performance signals to dial in your personal protocol • The difference between aquarium grade dye and pharmaceutical grade formulations • Why genetic testing for G6PD deficiency is essential before higher dose experimentation Dave Asprey is a four-time New York Times bestselling author, founder of Bulletproof Coffee, and the father of biohacking. With over 1,000 interviews and 1 million monthly listeners, The Human Upgrade brings you the knowledge to take control of your biology, extend your longevity, and optimize every system in your body and mind. Each episode delivers cutting-edge insights in health, performance, neuroscience, supplements, nutrition, biohacking, emotional intelligence, and conscious living. New episodes are released every Tuesday, Thursday, Friday, and Sunday (BONUS). Dave asks the questions no one else will and gives you real tools to become stronger, smarter, and more resilient. Keywords: methylene blue dosing, mitochondrial electron transport, Complex IV cytochrome c oxidase, redox cycling, MAO inhibition, serotonin syndrome risk, G6PD deficiency caution, neuroplasticity enhancement, dendritic spine density, mitochondrial stress adaptation, red light therapy stacking, cognitive performance optimization, ketone supported ATP production, nitric oxide independent focus boost, mitochondrial bottleneck repair, pharmaceutical grade methylene blue, sleep disruption signals, biohacking fertility support, oxidative stress buffering, functional medicine mitochondria repair Thank you to our sponsors! -BrainTap | Go to http://braintap.com/dave to get $100 off the BrainTap Power Bundle. -fatty15 | Go to https://fatty15.com/dave and save an extra $15 when you subscribe with code DAVE. -Zbiotics | Go to https://zbiotics.com/DAVE for 15% off your first order. Resources: • Dave Asprey's Latest News | Go to https://daveasprey.com/ to join Inside Track today. • Danger Coffee: https://dangercoffee.com/discount/dave15 • My Daily Supplements: SuppGrade Labs (15% Off) • Favorite Blue Light Blocking Glasses: TrueDark (15% Off) • Dave Asprey's BEYOND Conference: https://beyondconference.com • Dave Asprey's New Book – Heavily Meditated: https://daveasprey.com/heavily-meditated • Upgrade Collective: https://www.ourupgradecollective.com • Upgrade Labs: https://upgradelabs.com • 40 Years of Zen: https://40yearsofzen.com Timestamps: 0:00 — Trailer 1:25 — Introduction 4:51 — History of methylene blue 7:38 — How methylene blue works 14:05 — Safety 17:53 — Dosing and timing guidelines 20:41 — Combining with red light therapy 22:41 — Quality and sourcing 23:17 — Dosing protocols 25:24 — Longevity and fertility effects 29:24 — Stacking options 32:10 — Common questions and FAQs 33:40 — Future research and wrap up See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
Loyalty, Loss, and the Shadow of Mao. Joseph Turigian focuses on Mao's famous phrase about Xi Zhongxun, emphasizing his unwavering loyalty despite repeated suffering at the party's hands. Following the 1949 victory, Xi moved to Beijing, where his son Xi Jinping was born. Xi Zhongxun held complicated views of Mao, feeling gratitude for his survival but recognizing Mao's transformation into a disastrous dictator post-1957. The segment discusses Xi's 1962 purge, which foreshadowed the Cultural Revolution, and his subsequent imprisonment from 1967 to 1975, experiencing persecution earlier than most high-ranking comrades. Guest: Joseph Turigian. 1906
Princlings, Grassroots, and the Politics of Restoration. Joseph Turigian discusses how Xi Jinping gained entry to Qinghua University based on political reliability rather than merit in 1975, although his father remained un-rehabilitated. While princlings were generally unpopular, Xi Jinping made the atypical choice to climb the ranks from the grassroots. Xi Zhongxun's full rehabilitation was slow and politically sensitive because Mao himself had persecuted him. Xi Jinping served as secretary to a powerful military leader and skillfully used public relations to raise his profile. Xi Jinping married famous singer Peng Liyuan, bonding over their shared suffering during the Cultural Revolution. Guest: Joseph Turigian. 1906
The Purge by a Novel and Mao's Fear of Revisionism. Joseph Turigian explains that Xi Zhongxun's 1962 downfall stemmed from supporting the publication of a fictionalized biography of his deceased mentor, Liu Zhidan. Mao Zedong saw the novel as a counter-revolutionary plot and a manifestation of revisionism, fearing that others would claim credit for leading the revolution. Mao aimed to transform persecuted individuals through humiliation and torment, unlike Stalinist purges, which emphasized execution. Xi Zhongxun was brutally kidnapped by Red Guards in 1967 and subjected to struggle sessions as Mao sought to continuously "rebaptize" the party in revolutionary spirit. Guest: Joseph Turigian. 2906 PEKING NORTH
Mao, Purges, and Ideological Jargon. Joseph Turigian explores Mao Zedong's description of Xi Zhongxun: "The Party Interests Come First." The segment recounts Xi Zhongxun's detention in 1935, nearly facing execution before Mao's Long Marchers arrived. The discussion clarifies the legend that Mao personally saved him versus the complex facts of his eventual release and incomplete rehabilitation. Turigian defines confusing Chinese Communist Party jargon, explaining "leftist" as too ambitious and "rightist" as not serious enough about revolution. It concludes by detailing Mao's development of Marxism through sinicization. Guest: Joseph Turigian. 1901
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Is telling the truth becoming dangerous? From China to the U.S. border, Shemane sits down with guests who've lived through censorship, persecution, and political pressure to reveal what really happens when you refuse to stay quiet. These stories pull back the curtain on oppression, courage, and the kind of faith that doesn't flinch. 0:40 – 23:42 | Janice Trey — From China to Champion of Truth What happens when asking questions could cost you your life? Janice shares her childhood under Mao, surviving forced labor and brutal state control before escaping to Hong Kong, then America. Now as CEO of The Epoch Times, she talks about giving a voice to those who are silenced and why freedom is always one generation away from disappearing. 23:42 – 34:39 | JJ Carrell — Exposing the Crisis at America's Border What if the biggest threat to a nation comes from inside its own borders? With 24 years in the Border Patrol, JJ breaks down the dangers of unchecked illegal immigration, trafficking networks, and political leaders who refuse to act. His message is simple: without truth, there is no safety. 34:39 – 44:05 | Shemane Nugent — Prayer, Hope And Restoration Shemane closes the episode with a powerful prayer from Pastor Anthony Thomas, followed by a heartfelt message from Hannah Keeley. Together they remind us that when the world feels dark, God is still restoring, strengthening, and guiding every step. Resources Janice Trey — Website: https://www.theepochtimes.com/ Twitter/X: @EpochTimes JJ Carrell — Instagram: @jjcarrellpolitics Website: jjcarrell.com Hannah Keeley — Website: hannahkeeley.com Mom Mastery University: mommastery.com Instagram: @hannahkeeley Pastor Anthony Thomas — Website: TipOfTheSpearChurch.org Rumble: Tip of the Spear Church Sponsors Watch Faith & Freedom every Sunday, 10 am EST on Real America's Voice https://americasvoice.news/playlists/faith-and-freedom-with-shemane/ Protect yourself with EMP Shield Use the promo code "SHEMANE" Activate stem cells & reset your body's clock at https://lifewave.com/shemane Please send product inquiries to: shemane.lifewave@gmail.com Organic natural products to help your family thrive with https://www.rowecasaorganics.com/Shemane and use the promo code FAITH Use promo code "FAITH" To Purchase "My Pillow" at https://www.mypillow.com/ or call 800-933-6972 Use promo code "FAITH" Use promo code "FREEDOM" to receive 20% off your first order at https://brickhousenutrition.com/collections/field-of-greens Check out Shemane's new programs https://shemanenugent.rocks/fit-n-fabulous-starter-pack https://shemanenugent.rocks/faith-fuel-21day-daily-devo Check out Shemane's books: Purchase Shemane's New Book 'Abundantly Well' on Amazon https://www.amazon.com/Abundantly-Well-Bible-Based-Increased-Vibrant/dp/1680999249 Purchase Shemane's new #1 Bestseller 'Killer House': https://www.amazon.com/Killer-House-Air-Your-Killing/dp/B0C5GK5RB7 4 Minutes to Happy: https://www.amazon.com/Minutes-Happy-Happier-Healthier-Dreams/dp/1642795895 Kill It and Grill It Cookbook: https://www.amazon.com/Kill-Grill-Guide-Preparing-Cooking/dp/1621575829 Connect with Shemane: Send your questions, suggestions, hunting photos & funny pet videos to shemane.chat@gmail.com Watch Killer House Documentary: https://www.killerhouse.org Get Wildly Well at https://www.shemanenugent.rocks Shemane's Social Media: Instagram: @shemanenugent Youtube: /shemane Truth Social @Shemane Facebook: @shemane.nugent
World-class historian and Hoover Institution senior fellow Victor Davis Hanson joins Jillian for a masterclass on how crony capitalism, socialism, communism, and religion are intertwined — and why the stakes right now could not be higher. A renowned classicist who has spent his life studying war, empires, and the rise and fall of civilizations takes us inside the mind of Karl Marx — who he was, what he believed, and how his theories morphed into the socialist and communist movements that reshaped the world and still haunt us today. We examine the deadly pendulum swing between crony capitalism and communism: how unrestrained, corrupt capitalism breeds the resentment that fuels Marxist revolutions, and how those revolutions inevitably give rise to regimes just as oppressive — if not worse. Victor then takes us back to the teachings of Christ and the religious roots of Western morality to reveal how our concepts of justice, equality, the individual, and the state all began as religious ideals — and how religion itself has been weaponized throughout history for both extraordinary good and staggering harm. From the early church to medieval Europe… from the French and Russian Revolutions, to Mao, the Cold War, Mamdani and the cultural battles of today… Victor walks us through the entire arc of history to explain how we arrived at this moment: a West that is exhausted, divided, and once again flirting with ideologies that have already burned the world down.
World-class historian and Hoover Institution senior fellowVictor Davis Hanson joins Jillian for a masterclass on how crony capitalism, socialism, communism, and religion are intertwined — and why the stakes right now could not be higher A renowned classicist who has spent his life studying war, empires, and the rise and fall of civilizations takes us inside the mind of Karl Marx — who he was, what he believed, and how his theories morphed into the socialist and communist movements that reshaped the world and still haunt us today. We examine the deadly pendulum swing between crony capitalism and communism: how unrestrained, corrupt capitalism breeds the resentment that fuels Marxist revolutions, and how those revolutions inevitably give rise to regimes just as oppressive — if not worse.Victor then takes us back to the teachings of Christ and the religious roots of Western morality to reveal how our concepts of justice, equality, the individual, and the state all began as religious ideals — and how religion itself has been weaponized throughout history for both extraordinary good and staggering harm.From the early church to medieval Europe… from the French and Russian Revolutions, to Mao, the Cold War, Mamdani and the cultural battles of today… Victor walks us through the entire arc of history to explain how we arrived at this moment: a West that is exhausted, divided, and once again flirting with ideologies that have already burned the world down.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
Dive into the raw frustration and fiery takes from Packers fans as we unpack the team's latest meltdowns, from offensive line disasters to coaching crossroads that could reshape everything. Ryan Schlipp holds nothing back in this unfiltered late-night rant, blending historical tangents with brutal honesty on why simple fixes often backfire spectacularly. With calls pouring in on everything from Mao's sparrows to Watson shoving linebackers, this episode captures the emotional rollercoaster of being a true Packers diehard. Nate drops a wild historical correction on Mao's sparrow-killing fiasco, tying it to Packers' unintended consequences like exploding cobra populations in India—proving even "smart" decisions can wreck havoc on the field. Garrett unleashes on the soft offensive line and play-calling predictability, demanding a new O-line coach while floating bold replacements like Joe Brady or Todd Monken if LaFleur falters. Debates rage on receiver roles: Is Christian Watson ready to dominate as the X, or does Romeo Dobbs' clutch play keep capping the offense? Plus, why Jordan Love's Yips scream protection issues. Hilarious chaos ensues with prank calls, Alexa bathroom interruptions, and a custom song roasting smart home fails mid-film breakdown—pure After Dark banter at its edgiest. This episode is brought to you by PrizePicks! Use code PACKDADDY and visit https://prizepicks.onelink.me/LME0/PACKDADDY to get started with America's #1 fantasy sports app. Hit subscribe, drop a review, and smash that like button if you're riding this Packers emotional wave with us. Tell me your thoughts on this one—I want to hear from you. Who's your dream LaFleur replacement? Up next: More film breakdowns and fan calls as we gear up for the Giants clash. To advertise on this podcast please email: ad-sales@libsyn.com Or go to: https://advertising.libsyn.com/packernetpodcast Support the Show & Explore My Projects Help keep the show growing and check out everything I'm building across the Packers and NFL world: Support: Patreon: www.patreon.com/pack_daddy Venmo: @Packernetpodcast CashApp: $packpod Projects: Grade NFL Players ➜ fanfocus-teamgrades.lovable.app Packers Hub ➜ packersgames.com Create NFL Draft Big Boards ➜ nfldraftgrades.com Watch Draft Prospects ➜ draftflix.com Screen Record ➜ pause-play-capture.lovable.app Global Economics Hub ➜ global-economic-insight-hub.lovable.app
Dive into the raw frustration and fiery takes from Packers fans as we unpack the team's latest meltdowns, from offensive line disasters to coaching crossroads that could reshape everything. Ryan Schlipp holds nothing back in this unfiltered late-night rant, blending historical tangents with brutal honesty on why simple fixes often backfire spectacularly. With calls pouring in on everything from Mao's sparrows to Watson shoving linebackers, this episode captures the emotional rollercoaster of being a true Packers diehard. Nate drops a wild historical correction on Mao's sparrow-killing fiasco, tying it to Packers' unintended consequences like exploding cobra populations in India—proving even "smart" decisions can wreck havoc on the field. Garrett unleashes on the soft offensive line and play-calling predictability, demanding a new O-line coach while floating bold replacements like Joe Brady or Todd Monken if LaFleur falters. Debates rage on receiver roles: Is Christian Watson ready to dominate as the X, or does Romeo Dobbs' clutch play keep capping the offense? Plus, why Jordan Love's Yips scream protection issues. Hilarious chaos ensues with prank calls, Alexa bathroom interruptions, and a custom song roasting smart home fails mid-film breakdown—pure After Dark banter at its edgiest. This episode is brought to you by PrizePicks! Use code PACKDADDY and visit https://prizepicks.onelink.me/LME0/PACKDADDY to get started with America's #1 fantasy sports app. Hit subscribe, drop a review, and smash that like button if you're riding this Packers emotional wave with us. Tell me your thoughts on this one—I want to hear from you. Who's your dream LaFleur replacement? Up next: More film breakdowns and fan calls as we gear up for the Giants clash. To advertise on this podcast please email: ad-sales@libsyn.com Or go to: https://advertising.libsyn.com/packernetpodcast Support the Show & Explore My Projects Help keep the show growing and check out everything I'm building across the Packers and NFL world: Support: Patreon: www.patreon.com/pack_daddy Venmo: @Packernetpodcast CashApp: $packpod Projects: Grade NFL Players ➜ fanfocus-teamgrades.lovable.app Packers Hub ➜ packersgames.com Create NFL Draft Big Boards ➜ nfldraftgrades.com Watch Draft Prospects ➜ draftflix.com Screen Record ➜ pause-play-capture.lovable.app Global Economics Hub ➜ global-economic-insight-hub.lovable.app
On Thursday's Mark Levin Show, there's a cabal of grifters who absolutely lack principles. First, Megyn Kelly questioned whether Jeffrey Epstein was a pedophile, claiming he preferred "barely legal" 15-year-old girls who could pass as older, rather than younger children, based on an insider's view. This is disgusting. Then there's Steve Bannon who exchanged hundreds of emails and met at least once with Epstein. Bannon created videos with Epstein to teach him how to handle hostile press. Why would anyone associate with Epstein? There's newly unsealed federal court documents detail how a 17-year-old homeless girl in Florida allegedly had sex with former Re. Matt Gaetz for $400 to fund braces for her teeth. And lastly there's Tucker Carlson who targeted Dietrich Bonhoeffer, the anti-Nazi Christian evangelist who tried to kill Hitler. It's time to clean up our own house who have a twisted version of American First. Later, the U.S. healthcare system is the world's best, but some sort of health savings accounts that put more money in people's pockets, enabling them to choose and pay for their own healthcare premiums would be a great idea. Afterward, Gov Gavin Newsom's former chief of staff was indicted on 23 federal counts including conspiracy to commit bank and wire fraud. Finally, will Barack Obama's library feature sections on figures like Mao, Lenin, Trotsky, Stalin, Marx, and Engels, as well as racist America? To build his library Obama demolished a cherished national landmark—designed by Frederick Law Olmsted for the 1893 Chicago World's Fair. It's ironic that Obama protects monuments elsewhere but destroys this historic area. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices
Welcome back to The Tom Bilyeu Show Live, where thought-provoking debate and unfiltered takes collide in real time. In this explosive episode, Tom Bilyeu and co-host Drew dive headfirst into the week's most controversial headlines—starting with the freshly unearthed email allegations linking Trump and Jeffrey Epstein, and what that means for public perception, accountability, and the ever-shifting boundaries of scandal. But that's just the beginning. The conversation takes a sharp turn into the heart of political ideology, as Tom Bilyeu draws bold lines between socialism, communism, state-run capitalism, and authoritarianism. He doesn't shy away from naming names, unpacking the influence of public figures like Mamdani, and warning of the historical dangers he sees in popular movements—citing examples from the writings on Mao, Stalin, and beyond. Is the current direction of democratic socialism a slippery slope, or a misunderstood path to progress? How do ideas—dangerous or otherwise—gain momentum, and what's the true cost when policy meets real-world consequences? Alongside Drew, the pair weigh up everything from government spending, deficits, and the logic—or lack thereof—of modern monetary theory, to why “free” often comes with a hidden price tag. If you've ever wondered how the economic choices of today shape the society of tomorrow, or where the line is drawn between strong leadership and dangerous dogma, you won't want to miss this candid, high-stakes conversation. So, get ready for riveting insights and sharp commentary—it's all here, right now, on The Tom Bilyeu Show Live. What's up, everybody? It's Tom Bilyeu here: If you want my help... STARTING a business: join me here at ZERO TO FOUNDER: https://tombilyeu.com/zero-to-founder?utm_campaign=Podcast%20Offer&utm_source=podca[%E2%80%A6]d%20end%20of%20show&utm_content=podcast%20ad%20end%20of%20show SCALING a business: see if you qualify here.: https://tombilyeu.com/call Get my battle-tested strategies and insights delivered weekly to your inbox: sign up here.: https://tombilyeu.com/ ********************************************************************** If you're serious about leveling up your life, I urge you to check out my new podcast, Tom Bilyeu's Mindset Playbook —a goldmine of my most impactful episodes on mindset, business, and health. Trust me, your future self will thank you. ********************************************************************** FOLLOW TOM: Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/tombilyeu/ Tik Tok: https://www.tiktok.com/@tombilyeu?lang=en Twitter: https://twitter.com/tombilyeu YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@TomBilyeu Linkedin: Post your job free at https://linkedin.com/impacttheory HomeServe: Help protect your home systems – and your wallet – with HomeServe against covered repairs. Plans start at just $4.99 a month at https://homeserve.com Bevel Health: 1st month FREE at https://bevel.health/impact with code IMPACT ButcherBox: Your choice of holiday protein — ham or turkey in your first box, or ground beef for life — plus $20 off at https://butcherbox.com/impact Shopify: Sign up for your one-dollar-per-month trial period at https://shopify.com/impact Incogni: Take your personal data back with Incogni! Use code IMPACT at the link below and get 60% off an annual plan: https://incogni.com/impact BlandAI: Call it for free today: https://bland.ai Or for enterprises, you can book a demo directly: https://bland.ai/enterprise Connectteam: 14 day free trial at https://connecteam.cc/46GxoTFd Raycon: Go to https://buyraycon.com/impact to get up to 30% off sitewide. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Last time we spoke about the fall of Wuhan. In a country frayed by war, the Yangtze became a pulsing artery, carrying both hunger and hope. Chiang Kai-shek faced a brutal choice: defend Wuhan to the last man, or flood the rivers to buy time. He chose both, setting sullen floodwaters loose along the Yellow River to slow the invaders, a temporary mercy that spared some lives while ripping many from their homes. On the river's banks, a plethora of Chinese forces struggled to unite. The NRA, fractured into rival zones, clung to lines with stubborn grit as Japanese forces poured through Anqing, Jiujiang, and beyond, turning the Yangtze into a deadly corridor. Madang's fortifications withstood bombardment and gas, yet the price was paid in troops and civilians drowned or displaced. Commanders like Xue Yue wrestled stubbornly for every foothold, every bend in the river. The Battle of Wanjialing became a symbol: a desperate, months-long pincer where Chinese divisions finally tightened their cordon and halted the enemy's flow. By autumn, the Japanese pressed onward to seize Tianjiazhen and cut supply lines, while Guangzhou fell to a ruthless blockade. The Fall of Wuhan loomed inevitable, yet the story remained one of fierce endurance against overwhelming odds. #174 The Changsha Fire Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. In the summer of 1938, amid the upheaval surrounding Chiang Kai-shek, one of his most important alliances came to an end. On June 22, all German advisers to the Nationalist government were summoned back; any who refused would be deemed guilty of high treason. Since World War I, a peculiar bond had tied the German Weimar Republic and China: two fledgling states, both weak and only partially sovereign. Under the Versailles Treaty of 1919, Germany had lost extraterritorial rights on Chinese soil, which paradoxically allowed Berlin to engage with China as an equal partner rather than a traditional colonizer. This made German interests more welcome in business and politics than those of other Western powers. Chiang's military reorganization depended on German officers such as von Seeckt and von Falkenhausen, and Hitler's rise in 1933 had not immediately severed the connection between the two countries. Chiang did not share Nazi ideology with Germany, but he viewed Berlin as a potential ally and pressed to persuade it to side with China rather than Japan as China's principal East Asian, anti-Communist partner. In June 1937, H. H. Kung led a delegation to Berlin, met Hitler, and argued for an alliance with China. Yet the outbreak of war and the Nationalists' retreat to Wuhan convinced Hitler's government to align with Japan, resulting in the recall of all German advisers. Chiang responded with a speech praising von Falkenhausen, insisting that "our friend's enemy is our enemy too," and lauding the German Army's loyalty and ethics as a model for the Chinese forces. He added, "After we have won the War of Resistance, I believe you'll want to come back to the Far East and advise our country again." Von Falkenhausen would later become the governor of Nazi-occupied Belgium, then be lauded after the war for secretly saving many Jewish lives. As the Germans departed, the roof of the train transporting them bore a prominent German flag with a swastika, a prudent precaution given Wuhan's vulnerability to air bombardment. The Japanese were tightening their grip on the city, even as Chinese forces, numbering around 800,000, made a stubborn stand. The Yellow River floods blocked northern access, so the Japanese chose to advance via the Yangtze, aided by roughly nine divisions and the might of the Imperial Navy. The Chinese fought bravely, but their defenses could not withstand the superior technology of the Japanese fleet. The only substantial external aid came from Soviet pilots flying aircraft bought from the USSR as part of Stalin's effort to keep China in the war; between 1938 and 1940, some 2,000 pilots offered their services. From June 24 to 27, Japanese bombers relentlessly pounded the Madang fortress along the Yangtze until it fell. A month later, on July 26, Chinese defenders abandoned Jiujiang, southeast of Wuhan, and its civilian population endured a wave of atrocities at the hands of the invaders. News of Jiujiang's fate stiffened resolve. Chiang delivered a pointed address to his troops on July 31, arguing that Wuhan's defense was essential and that losing the city would split the country into hostile halves, complicating logistics and movement. He warned that Wuhan's defense would also be a spiritual test: "the place has deep revolutionary ties," and public sympathy for China's plight was growing as Japanese atrocities became known. Yet Chiang worried about the behavior of Chinese soldiers. He condemned looting as a suicidal act that would destroy the citizens' trust in the military. Commanders, he warned, must stay at their posts; the memory of the Madang debacle underscored the consequences of cowardice. Unlike Shanghai, Wuhan had shelters, but he cautioned against retreating into them and leaving soldiers exposed. Officers who failed in loyalty could expect no support in return. This pep talk, combined with the belief that the army was making a last stand, may have slowed the Japanese advance along the Yangtze in August. Under General Xue Yue, about 100,000 Chinese troops pushed back the invaders at Huangmei. At Tianjiazhen, thousands fought until the end of September, with poison gas finally forcing Japanese victory. Yet even then, Chinese generals struggled to coordinate. In Xinyang, Li Zongren's Guangxi troops were exhausted; they expected relief from Hu Zongnan's forces, but Hu instead withdrew, allowing Japan to capture the city without a fight. The fall of Xinyang enabled Japanese control of the Ping-Han railway, signaling Wuhan's doom. Chiang again spoke to Wuhan's defenders, balancing encouragement with a grim realism about possible loss. Although Wuhan's international connections were substantial, foreign aid would be unlikely. If evacuation became necessary, the army should have a clear plan, including designated routes. He recalled the disastrous December retreat from Nanjing, where "foreigners and Chinese alike turned it into an empty city." Troops had been tired and outnumbered; Chiang defended the decision to defend Nanjing, insisting the army had sacrificed itself for the capital and Sun Yat-sen's tomb. Were the army to retreat again, he warned, it would be the greatest shame in five thousand years of Chinese history. The loss of Madang was another humiliation. By defending Wuhan, he argued, China could avenge its fallen comrades and cleanse its conscience; otherwise, it could not honor its martyrs. Mao Zedong, observing the situation from his far-off base at Yan'an, agreed strongly that Chiang should not defend Wuhan to the death. He warned in mid-October that if Wuhan could not be defended, the war's trajectory would shift, potentially strengthening the Nationalists–Communists cooperation, deepening popular mobilization, and expanding guerrilla warfare. The defense of Wuhan, Mao argued, should drain the enemy and buy time to advance the broader struggle, not become a doomed stalemate. In a protracted war, some strongholds might be abandoned temporarily to sustain the longer fight. The Japanese Army captured Wuchang and Hankou on 26 October and captured Hanyang on the 27th, which concluded the campaign in Wuhan. The battle had lasted four and a half months and ended with the Nationalist army's voluntary withdrawal. In the battle itself, the Japanese army captured Wuhan's three towns and held the heartland of China, achieving a tactical victory. Yet strategically, Japan failed to meet its objectives. Imperial Headquarters believed that "capturing Hankou and Guangzhou would allow them to dominate China." Consequently, the Imperial Conference planned the Battle of Wuhan to seize Wuhan quickly and compel the Chinese government to surrender. It also decreed that "national forces should be concentrated to achieve the war objectives within a year and end the war against China." According to Yoshiaki Yoshimi and Seiya Matsuno, Hirohito authorized the use of chemical weapons against China by specific orders known as rinsanmei. During the Battle of Wuhan, Prince Kan'in Kotohito transmitted the emperor's orders to deploy toxic gas 375 times between August and October 1938. Another memorandum uncovered by Yoshimi indicates that Prince Naruhiko Higashikuni authorized the use of poison gas against the Chinese on 16 August 1938. A League of Nations resolution adopted on 14 May condemned the Imperial Japanese Army's use of toxic gas. Japan's heavy use of chemical weapons against China was driven by manpower shortages and China's lack of poison gas stockpiles to retaliate. Poison gas was employed at Hankou in the Battle of Wuhan to break Chinese resistance after conventional assaults had failed. Rana Mitter notes that, under General Xue Yue, approximately 100,000 Chinese troops halted Japanese advances at Huangmei, and at the fortress of Tianjiazhen, thousands fought until the end of September, with Japanese victory secured only through the use of poison gas. Chinese generals also struggled with coordination at Xinyang; Li Zongren's Guangxi troops were exhausted, and Hu Zongnan's forces, believed to be coming to relieve them, instead withdrew. Japan subsequently used poison gas against Chinese Muslim forces at the Battle of Wuyuan and the Battle of West Suiyuan. However, the Chinese government did not surrender with the loss of Wuhan and Guangzhou, nor did Japan's invasion end with Wuhan and Guangzhou's capture. After Wuhan fell, the government issued a reaffirmation: "Temporary changes of advance and retreat will not shake our resolve to resist the Japanese invasion," and "the gain or loss of any city will not affect the overall situation of the war." It pledged to "fight with even greater sorrow, greater perseverance, greater steadfastness, greater diligence, and greater courage," dedicating itself to a long, comprehensive war of resistance. In the Japanese-occupied rear areas, large armed anti-Japanese forces grew, and substantial tracts of territory were recovered. As the Japanese army themselves acknowledged, "the restoration of public security in the occupied areas was actually limited to a few kilometers on both sides of the main transportation lines." Thus, the Battle of Wuhan did not merely inflict a further strategic defeat on Japan; it also marked a turning point in Japan's strategic posture, from offense to defense. Due to the Nationalist Army's resolute resistance, Japan mobilized its largest force to date for the attack, about 250,000 personnel, who were replenished four to five times over the battle, for a total of roughly 300,000. The invaders held clear advantages in land, sea, and air power and fought for four and a half months. Yet they failed to annihilate the Nationalist main force, nor did they break the will to resist or the army's combat effectiveness. Instead, the campaign dealt a severe blow to the Japanese Army's vitality. Japanese-cited casualties totaled 4,506 dead and 17,380 wounded for the 11th Army; the 2nd Army suffered 2,300 killed in action, 7,600 wounded, and 900 died of disease. Including casualties across the navy and the air force, the overall toll was about 35,500. By contrast, the Nationalist Government Military Commission's General Staff Department, drawing on unit-level reports, calculated Japanese casualties at 256,000. The discrepancy between Japanese and Nationalist tallies illustrates the inflationary tendencies of each side's reporting. Following Wuhan, a weakened Japanese force confronted an extended front. Unable to mount large-scale strategic offensives, unlike Shanghai, Xuzhou, or Wuhan itself, the Japanese to a greater extent adopted a defensive posture. This transition shifted China's War of Resistance from a strategic defensive phase into a strategic stalemate, while the invaders found themselves caught in a protracted war—a development they most disliked. Consequently, Japan's invasion strategy pivoted: away from primary frontal offensives toward a greater reliance on political inducements with secondary military action, and toward diverting forces to "security" operations behind enemy lines rather than pushing decisive frontal campaigns. Japan, an island nation with limited strategic resources, depended heavily on imports. By the time of the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, Japan's gold reserves,including reserves for issuing banknotes, amounted to only about 1.35 billion yen. In effect, Japan's currency reserves constrained the scale of the war from the outset. The country launched its aggression while seeking an early solution to the conflict. To sustain its war of aggression against China, the total value of military supplies imported from overseas in 1937 reached approximately 960 million yen. By June of the following year, for the Battle of Wuhan, even rifles used in training were recalled to outfit the expanding army. The sustained increase in troops also strained domestic labor, food, and energy supplies. By 1939, after Wuhan, Japan's military expenditure had climbed to about 6.156 billion yen, far exceeding national reserves. This stark reality exposed Japan's economic fragility and its inability to guarantee a steady supply of military materiel, increasing pressure on the leadership at the Central Command. The Chief of Staff and the Minister of War lamented the mismatch between outward strength and underlying weakness: "Outwardly strong but weak is a reflection of our country today, and this will not last long." In sum, the Wuhan campaign coincided with a decline in the organization, equipment, and combat effectiveness of the Japanese army compared with before the battle. This erosion of capability helped drive Japan to alter its political and military strategy, shifting toward a method of inflicting pressure on China and attempting to "use China to control China", that is, fighting in ways designed to sustain the broader war effort. Tragically a major element of Chiang Kai-shek's retreat strategy was the age-old "scorched earth" policy. In fact, China originated the phrase and the practice. Shanghai escaped the last-minute torching because of foreigners whose property rights were protected. But in Nanjing, the burning and destruction began with increasing zeal. What could not be moved inland, such as remaining rice stocks, oil in tanks, and other facilities, was to be blown up or devastated. Civilians were told to follow the army inland, to rebuild later behind the natural barrier of Sichuan terrain. Many urban residents complied, but the peasantry did not embrace the plan. The scorched-earth policy served as powerful propaganda for the occupying Japanese army and, even more so, for the Reds. Yet they could hardly have foreseen the propaganda that Changsha would soon supply them. In June, the Changsha Evacuation Guidance Office was established to coordinate land and water evacuation routes. By the end of October, Wuhan's three towns had fallen, and on November 10 the Japanese army captured Yueyang, turning Changsha into the next primary invasion target. Beginning on October 9, Japanese aircraft intensified from sporadic raids on Changsha to large-scale bombing. On October 27, the Changsha Municipal Government urgently evacuated all residents, exempting only able-bodied men, the elderly, the weak, women, and children. The baojia system was mobilized to go door-to-door, enforcing compliance. On November 7, Chiang Kai-shek convened a military meeting at Rongyuan Garden to review the war plan and finalize a "scorched earth war of resistance." Xu Quan, Chief of Staff of the Security Command, drafted the detailed implementation plan. On November 10, Shi Guoji, Chief of Staff of the Security Command, presided over a joint meeting of Changsha's party, government, military, police, and civilian organizations to devise a strategy. The Changsha Destruction Command was immediately established, bringing together district commanders and several arson squads. The command actively prepared arson equipment and stacked flammable materials along major traffic arteries. Chiang decided that the city of Changsha was vulnerable and either gave the impression or the direct order, honestly really depends on the source your reading, to burn the city to the ground to prevent it falling to the enemy. At 9:00 AM on November 12, Chiang Kai-shek telegraphed Zhang Zhizhong: "One hour to arrive, Chairman Zhang, Changsha, confidential. If Changsha falls, the entire city must be burned. Please make thorough preparations in advance and do not delay." And here it seems a game of broken telephone sort of resulted in one of the worst fire disasters of all time. If your asking pro Chiang sources, the message was clearly, put up a defense, once thats fallen, burn the city down before the Japanese enter. Obviously this was to account for getting civilians out safely and so forth. If you read lets call it more modern CPP aligned sources, its the opposite. Chiang intentionally ordering the city to burn down as fast as possible, but in through my research, I think it was a colossal miscommunication. Regardless Zhongzheng Wen, Minister of the Interior, echoed the message. Simultaneously, Lin Wei, Deputy Director of Chiang Kai-shek's Secretariat, instructed Zhang Zhizhong by long-distance telephone: "If Changsha falls, the entire city must be burned." Zhang summoned Feng Ti, Commander of the Provincial Capital Garrison, and Xu Quan, Director of the Provincial Security Bureau, to outline arson procedures. He designated the Garrison Command to shoulder the preparations, with the Security Bureau assisting. At 4:00 PM, Zhang appointed Xu Kun, Commander of the Second Garrison Regiment, as chief commander of the arson operation, with Wang Weining, Captain of the Social Training Corps, and Xu Quan, Chief of Staff of the Garrison Command, as deputies. At 6:00 PM, the Garrison Command held an emergency meeting ordering all government agencies and organizations in the city to be ready for evacuation at any moment. By around 10:15 PM, all urban police posts had withdrawn. Around 2:00 AM (November 13), a false report circulated that "Japanese troops have reached Xinhe" . Firefighters stationed at various locations rushed out with kerosene-fueled devices, burning everything in sight, shops and houses alike. In an instant, Changsha became a sea of flames. The blaze raged for 72 hours. The Hunan Province Anti-Japanese War Loss Statistics, compiled by the Hunan Provincial Government Statistics Office of the Kuomintang, report that the fire inflicted economic losses of more than 1 billion yuan, a sum equivalent to about 1.7 trillion yuan after the victory in the war. This figure represented roughly 43% of Changsha's total economic value at the time. Regarding casualties, contemporary sources provide varying figures. A Xinhua Daily report from November 20, 1938 noted that authorities mobilized manpower to bury more than 600 bodies, though the total number of burned remains could not be precisely counted. A Central News Agency reporter on November 19 stated that in the Xiangyuan fire, more than 2,000 residents could not escape, and most of the bodies had already been buried. There are further claims that in the Changsha Fire, more than 20,000 residents were burned to death. In terms of displacement, Changsha's population before the fire was about 300,000, and by November 12, 90% had been evacuated. After the fire, authorities registered 124,000 victims, including 815 orphans sheltered in Lito and Maosgang. Building damage constituted the other major dimension of the catastrophe, with the greatest losses occurring to residential houses, shops, schools, factories, government offices, banks, hospitals, newspaper offices, warehouses, and cultural and entertainment venues, as well as numerous historic buildings such as palaces, temples, private gardens, and the former residences of notable figures; among these, residential and commercial structures suffered the most, followed by factories and schools. Inspector Gao Yihan, who conducted a post-fire investigation, observed that the prosperous areas within Changsha's ring road, including Nanzheng Street and Bajiaoting, were almost completely destroyed, and in other major markets only a handful of shops remained, leading to an overall estimate that surviving or stalemated houses were likely less than 20%. Housing and street data from the early post-liberation period reveal that Changsha had more than 1,100 streets and alleys; of these, more than 690 were completely burned and more than 330 had fewer than five surviving houses, accounting for about 29%, with nearly 90% of the city's streets severely damaged. More than 440 streets were not completely destroyed, but among these, over 190 had only one or two houses remaining and over 130 had only three or four houses remaining; about 60 streets, roughly 6% had 30 to 40 surviving houses, around 30 streets, 3% had 11 to 20 houses, 10 streets, 1% had 21 to 30 houses, and three streets ) had more than 30 houses remaining. Housing statistics from 1952 show that 2,538 houses survived the fire, about 6.57% of the city's total housing stock, with private houses totaling 305,800 square meters and public houses 537,900 square meters. By 1956, the surviving area of both private and public housing totaled 843,700 square meters, roughly 12.3% of the city's total housing area at that time. Alongside these losses, all equipment, materials, funds, goods, books, archives, antiques, and cultural relics that had not been moved were also destroyed. At the time of the Changsha Fire, Zhou Enlai, then Deputy Minister of the Political Department of the Nationalist Government's Military Commission, was in Changsha alongside Ye Jianying, Guo Moruo, and others. On November 12, 1938, Zhou Enlai attended a meeting held by Changsha cultural groups at Changsha Normal School to commemorate Sun Yat-sen's 72nd birthday. Guo Moruo later recalled that Zhou Enlai and Ye Jianying were awakened by the blaze that night; they each carried a suitcase and evacuated to Xiangtan, with Zhou reportedly displaying considerable indignation at the sudden, unprovoked fire. On the 16th, Zhou Enlai rushed back to Changsha and, together with Chen Cheng, Zhang Zhizhong, and others, inspected the disaster. He mobilized personnel from three departments, with Tian Han and Guo Moruo at the forefront, to form the Changsha Fire Aftermath Task Force, which began debris clearance, care for the injured, and the establishment of soup kitchens. A few days later, on the 22nd, the Hunan Provincial Government established the Changsha Fire Temporary Relief Committee to coordinate relief efforts. On the night of November 16, 1938, Chiang Kai-shek arrived in Changsha and, the next day, ascended Tianxin Pavilion. Sha Wei, head of the Cultural Relics Section of the Changsha Tianxin Pavilion Park Management Office, and a long-time researcher of the pavilion, explained that documentation indicates Chiang Kai-shek, upon seeing the city largely reduced to scorched earth with little left intact, grew visibly angry. After descending from Tianxin Pavilion, Chiang immediately ordered the arrest of Changsha Garrison Commander Feng Ti, Changsha Police Chief Wen Chongfu, and Commander of the Second Garrison Regiment Xu Kun, and arranged a military trial with a two-day deadline. The interrogation began at 7:00 a.m. on November 18. Liang Xiaojin records that Xu Kun and Wen Chongfu insisted their actions followed orders from the Security Command, while Feng Ti admitted negligence and violations of procedure, calling his acts unforgivable. The trial found Feng Ti to be the principal offender, with Wen Chongfu and Xu Kun as accomplices, and sentenced all three to prison terms of varying lengths. The verdict was sent to Chiang Kai-shek for approval, who was deeply dissatisfied and personally annotated the drafts: he asserted that Feng Ti, as the city's security head, was negligent and must be shot immediately; Wen Chongfu, as police chief, disobeyed orders and fled, and must be shot immediately; Xu Kun, for neglect of duty, must be shot immediately. The court then altered the arson charge in the verdict to "insulting his duty and harming the people" in line with Chiang's instructions. Chiang Kai-shek, citing "failure to supervise personnel and precautions," dismissed Zhang from his post, though he remained in office to oversee aftermath operations. Zhang Zhizhong later recalled Chiang Kai-shek's response after addressing the Changsha fire: a pointed admission that the fundamental cause lay not with a single individual but with the collective leadership's mistakes, and that the error must be acknowledged as a collective failure. All eyes now shifted to the new center of resistance, Chongqing, the temporary capital. Chiang's "Free China" no longer meant the whole country; it now encompassed Sichuan, Hunan, and Henan, but not Jiangsu or Zhejiang. The eastern provinces were effectively lost, along with China's major customs revenues, the country's most fertile regions, and its most advanced infrastructure. The center of political gravity moved far to the west, into a country the Nationalists had never controlled, where everything was unfamiliar and unpredictable, from topography and dialects to diets. On the map, it might have seemed that Chiang still ruled much of China, but vast swaths of the north and northwest were sparsely populated; most of China's population lay in the east and south, where Nationalist control was either gone or held only precariously. The combined pressures of events and returning travelers were gradually shifting American attitudes toward the Japanese incident. Europe remained largely indifferent, with Hitler absorbing most attention, but the United States began to worry about developments in the Pacific. Roosevelt initiated a January 1939 appeal to raise a million dollars for Chinese civilians in distress, and the response quickly materialized. While the Chinese did not expect direct intervention, they hoped to deter further American economic cooperation with Japan and to halt Japan's purchases of scrap iron, oil, gasoline, shipping, and, above all, weapons from the United States. Public opinion in America was sufficiently stirred to sustain a campaign against silk stockings, a symbolic gesture of boycott that achieved limited effect; Japan nonetheless continued to procure strategic materials. Within this chorus, the left remained a persistent but often discordant ally to the Nationalists. The Institute of Pacific Relations, sympathetic to communist aims, urged America to act, pressuring policymakers and sounding alarms about China. Yet the party line remained firmly pro-Chiang Kai-shek: the Japanese advance seemed too rapid and threatening to the Reds' interests. Most oil and iron debates stalled; American businessmen resented British trade ties with Japan, and Britain refused to join any mutual cutoff, arguing that the Western powers were not at war with Japan. What occurred in China was still commonly referred to in Western diplomatic circles as "the Incident." Wang Jingwei's would make his final defection, yes in a long ass history of defections. Mr Wang Jingwei had been very busy traveling to Guangzhou, then Northwest to speak with Feng Yuxiang, many telegrams went back and forth. He returned to the Nationalist government showing his face to foreign presses and so forth. While other prominent rivals of Chiang, Li Zongren, Bai Chongxi, and others, rallied when they perceived Japan as a real threat; all did so except Wang Jingwei. Wang, who had long believed himself the natural heir to Sun Yat-sen and who had repeatedly sought to ascend to power, seemed willing to cooperate with Japan if it served his own aims. I will just say it, Wang Jingwei was a rat. He had always been a rat, never changed. Opinions on Chiang Kai-Shek vary, but I think almost everyone can agree Wang Jingwei was one of the worst characters of this time period. Now Wang Jingwei could not distinguish between allies and enemies and was prepared to accept help from whomever offered it, believing he could outmaneuver Tokyo when necessary. Friends in Shanghai and abroad whispered that it was not too late to influence events, arguing that the broader struggle was not merely China versus Japan but a clash between principled leaders and a tyrannical, self-serving clique, Western imperialism's apologists who needed Chiang removed. For a time Wang drifted within the Kuomintang, moving between Nanjing, Wuhan, Changsha, and Chongqing, maintaining discreet lines of communication with his confidants. The Japanese faced a governance problem typical of conquerors who possess conquered territory: how to rule effectively while continuing the war. They imagined Asia under Japanese-led leadership, an East Asia united by a shared Co-Prosperity Sphere but divided by traditional borders. To sustain this vision, they sought local leaders who could cooperate. The search yielded few viable options; would-be collaborators were soon assassinated, proved incompetent, or proved corrupt. The Japanese concluded it would require more time and education. In the end, Wang Jingwei emerged as a preferred figure. Chongqing, meanwhile, seemed surprised by Wang's ascent. He had moved west to Chengde, then to Kunming, attempted, and failed to win over Yunnan's warlords, and eventually proceeded to Hanoi in Indochina, arriving in Hong Kong by year's end. He sent Chiang Kai-shek a telegram suggesting acceptance of Konoe's terms for peace, which Chungking rejected. In time, Wang would establish his own Kuomintang faction in Shanghai, combining rigorous administration with pervasive secret-police activity characteristic of occupied regimes. By 1940, he would be formally installed as "Chairman of China." But that is a story for another episode. In the north, the Japanese and the CCP were locked in an uneasy stalemate. Mao's army could make it impossible for the Japanese to hold deep countryside far from the railway lines that enabled mass troop movement into China's interior. Yet the Communists could not defeat the occupiers. In the dark days of October 1938—fifteen months after the war began—one constant remained. Observers (Chinese businessmen, British diplomats, Japanese generals) repeatedly predicted that each new disaster would signal the end of Chinese resistance and force a swift surrender, or at least a negotiated settlement in which the government would accept harsher terms from Tokyo. But even after defenders were expelled from Shanghai, Nanjing, and Wuhan, despite the terrifying might Japan had brought to bear on Chinese resistance, and despite the invader's manpower, technology, and resources, China continued to fight. Yet it fought alone. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. In a land shredded by war, Wuhan burned under brutal sieges, then Changsha followed, a cruel blaze born of orders and miscommunications. Leaders wrestled with retreat, scorched-earth vows, and moral debts as Japanese force and Chinese resilience clashed for months. Mao urged strategy over martyrdom, Wang Jingwei's scheming shadow loomed, and Chongqing rose as the westward beacon. Yet China endured, a stubborn flame refusing to surrender to the coming storm. The war stretched on, unfinished and unyielding.
On Today's Episode –Hello again everyone…today we welcome back Bonner Cohen who is going to talk to us about Climate issues and the Supreme Court. But first, Mark tells us how we could fix the healthcare issues in about a weekend. Our FDA is an armed enforcement bureau for big pharma.We then hop into Dr. Cohen's topic…great stuff.Tune in for all the Fun Topic-https://www.cfact.org/2025/09/26/supreme-court-must-halt-states-climate-shakedowns/ Bonner R. Cohen is a senior policy analyst with the Committee for a Constructive Tomorrow, where he concentrates on energy, natural resources, and international relations. He also serves as a senior policy adviser with the Heartland Institute, senior fellow at the National Center for Public Policy Research, and as adjunct scholar at the Competitive Enterprise Institute. Articles by Dr. Cohen have appeared in the Wall Street Journal, Forbes, Investor's Business Daily, New York Post, Washington Times, National Review, Philadelphia Inquirer, Detroit News, Atlanta Journal-Constitution, Miami Herald, and dozens of other newspapers in the U.S. and Canada. He has been interviewed on Fox News, CNN, Fox Business Channel, BBC, BBC Worldwide Television, NBC, NPR, N 24 (German language news channel), Voice of Russia, and scores of radio stations in the U.S. Dr. Cohen has testified before the U.S. Senate committees on Energy & Natural Resources and Environment & Public Works as well as the U.S. House committees on Natural Resources and Judiciary. He has spoken at conferences in the United States, United Kingdom, Germany, and Bangladesh. Dr. Cohen is the author of two books, The Green Wave: Environmentalism and its Consequences (Washington: Capital Research Center, 2006) and Marshall, Mao und Chiang: Die amerikanischen Vermittlungsbemuehungen im chinesischen Buergerkrieg (Marshall, Mao and Chiang: The American Mediations Effort in the Chinese Civil War) (Munich: Tuduv Verlag, 1984). Dr. Cohen received his B.A. from the University of Georgia and his Ph.D. – summa cum laude – from the University of Munich.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
Trump's Tariff Policy Gains Victory in Trade Truce with China. Alan Tonelson assesses the US-China trade truce, viewing it as a major victory for President Trump's tariff policies. China agreed to delay rare earth export controls and buy US farm goods. This move is seen as desperate by Xi Jinping, whose economy is undermined by US technology curbs. China's predatory practices defined the relationship until Trump decided to use American leverage. 1919 MAO
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