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This is an Annette on the Road post at Non-Boring History, in which your host, historian Annette Laing, plays tourist around the US and UK.Voiceover podcasts of NBH posts are normally only available to paid subscribers, but this time, it's a free sample. Join us today to get every one Annette records!Note from AnnetteJames Garfield belongs to that select group of American presidents whom people remember—if at all— for being assassinated. Look, I'm not an exception to “people”. I'm a historian, sure. Dr. Laing, that's me! But historians don't know everything about history. Not even in our own subjects. Not even close. Or close to close.Hoosen and I did not mean to stop at President James Garfield's home. But while Hoosen was peering at our tires in this land-that-time-forgot-yet-cool gas station parking lot in Mentor, Ohio, I peered at Google Maps. I noticed we were a half mile from the James A. Garfield House, and that it's owned by the National Parks Service.Sorry, libertarians, but even non-historian Hoosen has noticed that a federal government museum is a guarantee of high quality, and as is sometimes the case, as here, it means free admission. Think of the taxpayer value as I spread the word and you read it! Trust me, there's no commercial value in a Garfield museum, but there is value.This museum isn't about Garfield's extremely short presidency (100 days) much less his political career. It's about James Garfield's home, and what happened to that home after his untimely death. Home, Sweet Home!Middle class Victorians—American and British— put the family home on a pedestal. Until now, the home for most Americans had been a workplace, a farm or a shop or a workshop, where the whole family worked together, ate, and slept. But big changes in the economy in the 19th century meant that many men of the new middle class now left the home to work, kind of the reverse of going remote. Such men now thought of home sentimentally, as a cosy refuge from a cruel and complicated world. Their wives (typically more educated than their predecessors) continued to stay home, but now had servants to do much of the drudgery. Middle-class women were encouraged to consider the home their domain. The Garfields were no exception. This estate, Lawnfield, is their home, and it appears largely as it did when Mrs. Garfield died. The lawn of its name would become more important than the field. When the Garfields bought Lawnfield, however, it was a working farm. Garfield bought this place because he wanted his kids to grow up on a farm, just like he had, only with more money. James Garfield thought that farms were an essential part of a great, healthy childhood. Which is striking, because James Garfield was an unlikely champion of the “good old days”: He helped usher in the modern age.Garfield fought in the Civil War, tried to improve civil rights and education for newly freed slaves, and even participated in the great money grab as the American “gilded age” began. He also added eleven rooms to his farmhouse to accommodate the family in comfort, so his commitment to the simple farm life had its limits. Yet James Garfield wasn't entirely comfortable with modern life. Garfield had grown up in what historians call a “face to face” society, in which people mostly dealt with people they knew, or at least recognized. Even the “front porch” political campaign technique James Garfield invented harked back to an earlier time: On Lawnfield's front porch, he met voters. But he also met there with newspaper reporters who communicated his words around the nation and the world- very modern. Lawnfield, as a farm, was mostly cosplay for the Garfields. Most of the farmwork at Lawnfield was done by hired men. But James and the children also dabbled at farm chores, pitching hay to build character. James Garfield was a self-made and possibly a teensy bit corrupt politician (see Credit Mobilier scandal).I've written at Non-Boring History about an over-the-top monument to two of the most scandalous men involved in Credit Mobilier :So James Garfield was very much a man of the mid-19th century. He was torn between the modern world of cities and business, and the agricultural world of his youth that was fast disappearing.What I most enjoyed about visiting Lawnfield was that about 80% of the house furnishings really had belonged to the Garfields, which is very unusual for a house museum. Let me rush to add that I'm not one of those people who's super-interested in old furniture. No, what I liked about the Garfield house is that I felt (rightly or wrongly) that I could sense the family personality. No, no ghosts, please. I'm a historian, for heavens' sake. I have some standards. No, okay, I don't, I love ghost stories, but not today.Home Shadowy Home: American Victorians I love a gloomy, gaslit Victorian house. Yes, ok, the Garfield home is all-electric now for health and safety, but work with me here. The house is dark, cluttered, and makes me think of arsenic poisoning, and other morbid mid-Victorian subjects. Look, the problem isn't me, at least I don't think it is. Victorians were weird, and especially the people I think of as mid-Victorians, a period I am going to date from 1851 to 1875, based on British historian Geoffrey Best's definition of mid-Victorian Britain. In this case, those dates marking off the era work fairly well for America too. Oh, what the hey. If Geoffrey Best could decide when a historical period ends, so can Annette Laing! I say 1881 for the end of the mid-Victorian era. Oh, that's the year James Garfield died? You don't say. Perfect! 1881 it is! ANNOUNCEMENT from the NBH QUALITY CONTROL GNOME : Dr. Laing is correct that historians can argue for changes in commonly-accepted dates for the beginning and end of historical periods. Most historians, however, would consider changing the ending date of the British mid-Victorian era simply because a United States president, in Annette's words, “snuffed it” that year is, however, unconvincing. Thank you.Mid- Victorians like James Garfield lived in an increasingly modern age, and yet death stalked the land like, as the old BBC historical sitcom Blackadder would put it, a giant stalking thing. Americans and Brits, especially those living in cities, were defenseless against disease. Antibiotics were almost a century in the future. Anesthetics and antiseptics were in their infancy. Germs were a new concept. Sewer systems and clean water were a novelty. Victorians were only just learning that illness wasn't a product of “bad air” (note those high ceilings and lots of windows in Victorian institutions). Result? Children, especially, died in horrifying numbers. James and Lucretia Garfield lost two kids in infancy, and James himself was named for a brother, James, who had died young. Get a little shudder at the idea of naming a child after a deceased sibling? Welcome to history!How gloomy is this hallway in the Garfield House? In fact, my wonderful phone camera automatically brightened up the room: It was actually darker than you see. Here's Claire, our NPS tour guide (but without the intimidating Smokey the Bear uniform) who was full of energy, knowledge, and good cheer, which while appreciated, seemed at first to be all wrong for this setting. I was thinking we should have been led by some guy dressed as Lurch the Butler from the Addams family.This hall wasn't a welcoming space to strangers when the Garfields lived here. Most callers had to run through a selection process. When a servant greeted you at the door, she looked you up and down to see if you were suitable for admission. If you passed her first test, she invited you into this hall, and you deposited your visiting card on a waiting plate. A visiting card was basically like a business card, except that only your name was on it. If you graduated high school in the US, you may recall the company that expensively printed your graduation invitation also hit you up for visiting cards. A rip off, wasn't it?Right. Anyway. So the servant now shows you into the reception area (entryway is in the photo above, next to the dude on the left who's staring at the ceiling). Here you wait awkwardly, standing or sitting on a bench or upright chair, while the maid takes the card upstairs to the mistress of the house. She will decide whether to come down and receive you in the parlor, or whether she will instruct the maid to tell you she's unavailable (at least to you) and show you the door. Until then, you are not admitted into the family home. Indeed, there were sliding wooden “pocket” doors in this reception room which were closed so you can't see into the family room or the dining room that leads off it. The pocket doors are now gone, but they were once there, as I pointed out to a surprised Claire the guide, who examined the doorways and confirmed my hunch, while everyone else wondered how that funny little British woman knew such a thing, or thought me some ghastly showing-off Karen.This reception area, created for the purposes of the odd little ritual I just described, wasn't here when the Garfields moved in, or even when James died. It was originally the kitchen. The reception area was devised by Mrs. Garfield after her husband's death. That's because, in her very public widowhood, Mrs. Garfield had further converted the home from workplace to middle-class family sanctuary.On Garfield (man, not cartoon cat)James Abram Garfield may have been the poorest man ever to have ended up as President, and he was definitely the last United States President to be born in a log cabin, a type of tiny dwelling that definitely wasn't a lifestyle choice in 1831.Not only was James Garfield's family poor, but they got poorer: His dad, Abram, died when he was a baby, and he and his four siblings were raised in poverty by his single mother, Eliza. Like many Americans, and especially in new Midwestern states like Ohio, the Garfields were repeat migrants. Eliza's family started out in Wales, something of which she was very proud, while Abram's came from Warwickshire, Shakespeare's county, two centuries before James' birth. The first American Garfields came over as part of the Great Migration of Puritans in 1630 who started Massachusetts. But, like many poor New Englanders, some Garfields eventually moved on to New York State, where land was cheaper.Garfield's dad, Abram, traveled to Ohio all the way from rural New York to propose to the girl of his dreams. He arrived to discover she had already married someone else, and so, not wanting to waste the journey, he married her sister instead. When James was a baby, Abram and his wife Eliza were caught up in the Second Great Awakening of the early 1830s, a massive evangelical Christian movement that swept America. As an early Americanist, I'm more familiar with the first Great Awakening (about a century earlier) but the second was just as profound. The Garfields got religion, but Abram died not long after. James, as the youngest, became very close to his mum, Eliza.So, in short, young James Garfield was poor, fatherless, and after his mother remarried and then divorced, a member of a scandalous family. He was ostracized by his peers. But he had the kind of rags-to-riches success story that Victorian Americans loved, and that were broadcast in the books of Horatio Alger. Indeed, Alger wrote a biography of Garfield called From Canal Boy to President. Alger's implied message was that if you're not rich, you're just not trying hard enough, a message that has caused Americans great anxiety from that day to this, and kind of ignores the roles of inherited wealth, connections, corruption, and plain old luck in gaining worldly success.James Garfield didn't have boyhood friends. So, instead, he read books, and learned. He left home at 16, and tried working on the new canals of the 1840s. But illness forced him home. His mother encouraged him to try school, which he did, and the education bug bit him. After two years of schooling, he was determined to go to college. Working as a part-time teacher, carpenter, and janitor, James Garfield paid his own way through Williams College in Massachusetts. And before anyone says “He couldn't afford to do that now,” he would certainly have qualified for full financial aid today.When I read Garfield described as a “radical Republican” and an abolitionist, I figured I had a handle on his politics. But I quickly realized that no, I don't, and I don't have time to learn enough to write confidently on his career. I really don't get 19th century politics —good luck getting that kind of honesty from pretendy “historians” of the blowhard fake variety! Sure, Garfield was radical: He supported abolition, and education for former slaves. But he opposed the eight hour day, labor unions, and federal government relief during economic downturns. So I'm not going to write about his politics until I read a book or two.Back to Garfield's house and family!Garfield's Doting MumI started to get a feeling of looming tragedy when the tour got to this room. This was where Garfield's mum Eliza lived when she moved in with the family. Check out the impractical but gorgeous Victorian stained glass firescreen emblazoned with Garfield's face in the top right corner. A firescreen is supposed to prevent burning embers entering the room from a fireplace. In summer, when the fireplace wasn't used, the fire screen served as a decorative thingy. This firescreen, featuring Garfield's head in stained glass, is just one of several images of Garfield in his mother's bedroom, as you can see above. Eliza outlived her favorite child, the boy who, unbelievably, had become president, by several years. It was, it seemed to me, a tragic room, a fragile room. I was already thinking of the gloomy Garfield home as a very sad place.Yet this was also a home filled with people, judging from the number of bedrooms. This one caught my eye because of the delicately patterned carpet.Let's take a closer look, shall we?WHAT HELL IS THIS? Was President Garfield a Nazi before Nazis were a thing?? No worries. The swastika was a symbol of good luck before the Nazis ruined it. Please try to look at this carpet from the perspective of people who had never heard of Hitler, and would be horrified if they had. Real, Flesh and Blood Americans: A President and His FamilyRoom by room, the Victorian Garfield family came to life. The dining room, where they gathered, was a typically formal middle-class Victorian room, sure. But the dining room was warmed by a fireplace surrounded by individually painted tiles that every child had a hand in creating. Suddenly, I was intrigued. Painting personalized tiles was a project that suggested a happy home. There were at least two pianos, so this wasn't the quiet house that greets us today: I imagine a kid or two was always bashing away on the ivories. No, wait, they were Victorians . . . Playing the piano properly, with straight backs. Or was I stereotyping?Garfield's children remained a muddled lot in my head, but I did enjoy the teenage girl room, with its “Turkish corner”, bright fabric wall hangings over a daybed, kind of like having a batik hanging over a beanbag for a later generation, and its cluttered dressing table (think loads of make-up today).Garfield's library was a very masculine space, just what you would imagine a Victorian father would have. A sort of ship feel to the design. Pictures of Civil War Union General William T. Sherman, French dictator Napoleon Bonaparte, and founder of Germany Otto Von Bismarck, an odd collection of powerful men, lined up on the walls. And, of course, a huge, eclectic book collection, including the delightfully titled Brain Hygiene, a Victorian manual of psychology from the people who brought you measuring heads to check for mental illness (Oh, and Americans, gotta love your often slightly odd applications of the word “hygiene” over the years, just saying. Love you. Mwah.)The highlight of the house in my view, though, was this chair in Garfield's study. His kids had it made for him in light of Dad's habit of sitting in a desk chair sideways while reading, draping his legs over the side. Can't you just see him lounging in this? Much less formal and stuffy than his portraits and the library suggest!A Real Victorian Woman: Mrs. Garfield Takes ChargeFor me, Lucretia Garfield did not come at all into the picture until Garfield's assassination, and then, boy, did she. A Victorian GoFundMe raised the equivalent of millions for the family, and Lucretia sprang into action with the money. She had all the farm buildings (except the house) moved back on the lot, away from the road, and the house expanded to be more befitting of a martyred president. She completed Lawnfield's emphasis as a respectable middle-class family home that received frequent visitors, more than a working farm. And Lawnfield was an increasingly modern home. A widowed Lucretia did not shrink away from technical stuff. She learned that there was a source of natural gas on the property, and had the power source converted to gas from coal. The gas house is still on the grounds, next to the visitor center. Garfield 's library now became the focus of Lawnfield's third role as a semi-public shrine to a martyred President. Lucretia expanded the library in the years after her husband's death, adding a walk-in safe for official documents that even included a desk for researchers who hopefully didn't have claustrophobia. Lucretia basically created the first US Presidential Library, although the official holder of that title is the purpose-built Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library in Hyde Park, New York.There's even a touch of Lucretia in the remodeled library: A photo of Queen Victoria, who had written Lucretia a letter after James's death. Queen Victoria, who became a professional widow after Prince Albert's early death at age 41, twenty years before Garfield's assassination, wrote Mrs. Garfield a very sweet letter of consolation, which you can also see on site. I was pleasantly surprised by her words. I thought Victoria would, as usual, turn the letter's subject immediately to Albert (Never mind your husband, what about mine?) but she only did that a little bit in her note to Lucretia Garfield. When Death and Life Came to LawnfieldA deranged assassin named Charles Guiteau shot James Garfield at a train station in Washington DC in September 1881, just three months after he was inaugurated. Garfield took two months to die, and might even have survived if his doctors had paid more attention to British surgeon Joseph Lister's work, and not messed around in Garfield's wound with unwashed hands and instruments.Garfield was popular, and especially so after his death, only 100 days into his presidency, because it came as such a shock to the nation. In the museum in the visitor center, you will find all the creepy Victorian cult of death stuff on display: The preserved mattress used as an improvised stretcher to get him from the train station to a bed. The black-bordered stationery. The death mask. The souvenirs. The works. But our tour guide, Claire, insisted that the Garfield children later remembered Lawnfield as a happy, lively place. Wikipedia uses the word “cheerful” to describe the family who came to the White House in 1881. James Garfield, the fatherless boy from poverty (but whose family roots in New England suggested he had inherited educational wealth), and Lucretia Garfield, the intelligent and educated woman of her time whom Garfield met in college in Massachusetts, had done well by their five surviving children. Alone, Lucretia took charge, caring for kids, mother-in-law, home, and new role as Presidential widow. These people aren't remote and fascinating relics. They're real. Lucretia Garfield long outlived her husband, and spent at least part of the year at this house until her own death in 1918.Before leaving, I had a chat with Mary the National Parks Service ranger at the reception desk. Yes, Mary was one of those unlikely-looking museum staff in a quasi-military uniform with broad hat, Brits, don't worry, I don't get it either. But Mary was very pleasant. She asked me where Hoosen and I were headed next, and I told her. She said, “Oh, but you'll know about Guiteau, of course?”No. I didn't know about Guiteau and his connection to my next destination. But I was about to find out. Nothing is newThis post first appeared in earlier form (not much different) at Non-Boring History in 2022. Our next stop, long planned (unlike our stop in Mentor, Ohio), was in New York State, about 350 miles away. By astonishing coincidence, it really did have a direct connection with James Garfield, and also a very different interpretation of domestic bliss from the Garfield home in Mentor.Did you know? Become a paid subscriber and you get access to all my work. That includes EVERY weekly Tuesday post and my Sometimes Saturday posts for supporting subscribers only. It's a deal, I tell you! Going paid also gives you access to more than five hundred other still-fresh posts, including these, about our fascinating visit to a unique place in New York State that followed our stop in Mentor:Part 2 includes my chat with Dr. Tom Guiler, the resident historian at this truly astonishing site in New York:I'm Annette Laing, a Brit in America, and I am beyond grateful to every “Nonnie”, aka paying subscriber, in the US, UK, Canada, and around the world, who supports Non-Boring History. No exaggeration: I cannot do this without you and more people like you. In going paid, you can take pride in knowing that you're making it possible for me to continue to write for you as the world churns around us. Not yet a Nonnie? Please join us. Details: This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit annettelaing.substack.com/subscribe

Matthew Minicucci is an award-winning author of four collections of poems including his most recent, Dual, published in 2023 by Acre Books. His poetry and essays have appeared widely in various publications, including American Poetry Review, the Academy of American Poets' Poem-a-Day series, the Kenyon Review, Poetry, and The Southern Review. His work has garnered numerous awards including the Stafford/Hall Oregon Book Award and the Stan and Tom Wick Poetry Prize, along with fellowships from organizations including the Bread Loaf Writers' Conference, the National Parks Service, and the James Merrill House, among others. He is currently an Assistant Professor in the Blount Scholars Program at the University of Alabama.Brigit Pegeen Kelly was born in 1951 in Palo Alto, California. Her first book, To the Place of Trumpets, won the Yale Younger Poets Prize and was published in 1987. Her poems appeared in Best American Poetry, The Nation, The Yale Review, The Gettysburg Review, The Southern Review, and others. She won awards and fellowships from the Poetry Society of America, the Whiting Foundation, and the Academy of American Poets. Her third book, The Orchard, was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize. Kelly taught at the University of California-Irvine, Purdue University, Warren Wilson College, and the University of Illinois. She died in October of 2016, in Urbana, Illinois. Special thanks to Boa Editions, Ltd, for permission to record Brigit Pegeen Kelly's poem "Song," which appeared in her book Song, and "Brightness from the North," which was published in The Orchard. Links:Matthew MinicucciMatthew Minicucci's websiteBio and poems at The Poetry Foundation"Nostalgia" at poets.orgTwo poems in Poetry NorthwestBrigit Pegeen KellyBio and poems at The Poetry FoundationBio and poems at poets.org"Dead Doe" in The Kenyon ReviewReading at Breadloaf Writers' ConferenceMentioned in this episode:KnoxCountyLibrary.orgThank you for listening and sharing this podcast. Explore life-changing resources and events, sign up for newsletters, follow us on social media, and more through our website, www.knoxcountylibrary.org.Rate & review on Podchaser

Matthew Minicucci is an award-winning author of four collections of poems including his most recent, Dual, published in 2023 by Acre Books. His poetry and essays have appeared widely in various publications, including American Poetry Review, the Academy of American Poets' Poem-a-Day series, the Kenyon Review, Poetry, and The Southern Review. His work has garnered numerous awards including the Stafford/Hall Oregon Book Award and the Stan and Tom Wick Poetry Prize, along with fellowships from organizations including the Bread Loaf Writers' Conference, the National Parks Service, and the James Merrill House, among others. He is currently an Assistant Professor in the Blount Scholars Program at the University of Alabama.Brigit Pegeen Kelly was born in 1951 in Palo Alto, California. Her first book, To the Place of Trumpets, won the Yale Younger Poets Prize and was published in 1987. Her poems appeared in Best American Poetry, The Nation, The Yale Review, The Gettysburg Review, The Southern Review, and others. She won awards and fellowships from the Poetry Society of America, the Whiting Foundation, and the Academy of American Poets. Her third book, The Orchard, was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize. Kelly taught at the University of California-Irvine, Purdue University, Warren Wilson College, and the University of Illinois. She died in October of 2016, in Urbana, Illinois. Special thanks to Boa Editions, Ltd, for permission to record Brigit Pegeen Kelly's poem "Song," which appeared in her book Song, and "Brightness from the North," which was published in The Orchard. Links:Matthew MinicucciMatthew Minicucci's websiteBio and poems at The Poetry Foundation"Nostalgia" at poets.orgTwo poems in Poetry NorthwestBrigit Pegeen KellyBio and poems at The Poetry FoundationBio and poems at poets.org"Dead Doe" in The Kenyon ReviewReading at Breadloaf Writers' ConferenceMentioned in this episode:KnoxCountyLibrary.orgThank you for listening and sharing this podcast. Explore life-changing resources and events, sign up for newsletters, follow us on social media, and more through our website, www.knoxcountylibrary.org.Rate & review on Podchaser

Today's episode marks a day that was significant to the entire world. It was the day Thomas Edison patented his lightbulb, forever changing the way people light their homes. How did it all go down? And, what additional history stories were being printed in newspapers the same day?SOURCES“Adelaide Herrmann.” Magicana. Accessed January 28, 2025.https://www.magicana.com/exhibition/adelaide-herrmann. “Advertisement: Excelsior Ironing Table (Page 2).” The Newnan Herald (Newnan, Georgia), January 27, 1880. www.newspapers.com.“Alexander Herrmann.” Wikipedia, August 17, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Herrmann. “Compars Herrmann.” Wikipedia, November 29, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compars_Herrmann. “Edison's Light.” Public Ledger (Memphis, Tennessee), January 27, 1880. www.newspapers.com.“The Electric Light System.” National Parks Service. Accessed January 19, 2025. https://www.nps.gov/edis/learn/kidsyouth/the-electric-light-system-phonograph-motion pictures.htm#:~:text=In%201882%20Edison%20helped%20form,the%20U.S.%20have%20electric%20power.“The Harpurhey Murder: Fac-Simile of the Decoy Letter.” The Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser (Manchester, Greater Manchester, England), January 17, 1880. www.newspapers.com.“The Harpurhey Murder: History of the Man Haild.” Liverpool Echo (Liverpool, Merseyside, England), January 26, 1880. www.newspapers.com.“The Harpurhey Murder: The Inquest and Verdict.” The Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser (Manchester, Greater Manchester, England), January 24, 1880. www.newspapers.com.“Hermann The Magician.” The Oakland Times (Oakland, California), January 27, 1880. www.newspapers.com.Higgs, Michelle. “The Mystery of the Murdered Maid.” THE MYSTERY OF THE MURDERED MAID, January 1, 1970. https://servantsstories.blogspot.com/2016/02/the-mystery-of-murdered-maid.html.“Life of Thomas Alva Edison: Biography: Articles and Essays: Inventing Entertainment: The Early Motion Pictures and Sound Recordings of the Edison Companies: Digital Collections: Library of Congress.” The Library of Congress. Accessed January 19, 2025. https://www.loc.gov/collections/edison-company-motion-pictures-and-sound-recordings/articles-and-essays/biography/life-of-thomas-alva-edison/.“The Manchester Murder.” Sheffield and Rothenham Independent (Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England), January 27, 1880. www.newspapers.com.“Marshal Ney in North Carolina.” New York Daily Herald (New York, New York), February 10, 1879. www.newspapers.com.“Michel Ney.” Encyclopædia Britannica, January 6, 2025. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Michel-Ney. “Michel Ney.” Wikipedia, January 27, 2025. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Ney. “The Mystery of Marshal Ney.” The Southland Times (Invercargill, Southland, New Zealand), January 27, 1880. www.newspapers.com.“The Plot Thickens: Did DNA Settle a Centuries-Old Conspiracy?” Davidson, September 18, 2023. https://www.davidson.edu/news/2023/09/18/plot-thickens-did-dna-settle-centuries-old conspiracy#:~:text=The%20crew%20from%20a%20French,was%20from%20Switzerland%20or%20Germany.%E2%80%9D.“Voice of a Veteran.” St. Joseph Gazette (St. Joseph, Missouri), December 15, 1880. www.newspapers.com.“Was It Marshall Ney?” The Buffalo Sunday Morning News (Buffalo, New York), May 29, 1887. www.newspapers.com.Whisenant, David. “French Researchers Conclude That Napoleon's Famed Marshal Ney Is Not the Peter Stuart Ney Buried in Rowan Co. Church Cemetery.” https://www.wbtv.com, September 9, 2023. https://www.wbtv.com/2023/09/09/french-researchers-conclude-that-napoleons-famed-marshal-ney-is-not-peter-stuart-ney-buried-rowan-co-church-cemetery/.SOUND SOURCESAl Jolson. “I'll Say She Does.” www.pixabay.com/music.Lucille Hegamin and The Dixie Daisies. “Cold Winter Blues.” www.pixabay.com/music.Sophie Tucker. “Reuben Rag.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Florida man shot and poisoned multiple dolphins, FWC picks up dead bear on side of I-95, National Parks Service wants your input on seawall.

This week's Mind Your Business leads off with an important update regarding the Blue Ridge Parkway.Summer and fall travelers love a good festival as much as local residents enjoy the influence and entertainment the arts bring to the High Country. Mark Freed, Director of Cultural Resources for the Town of Boone, previews Boonerang 2025, and provides an update on how Howard Street construction will be handled during the four-day downtown festival.Festivals and events don't happen without the hard work of the gig economy and arts industry. Both non-profit and for-profit arts sector accounts for $47 million annually in Watauga County, including $2.1 million in generated tax revenue. Amber Bateman, Executive Director of the Watauga Arts Council shares the importance of the 2025 summer and fall seasons for an industry that lost enormous revenue and market opportunity post Hurricane Helene. She'll also share how the Watauga Arts Council works to support the industry while working to inspire the next generation of artists and makers.Mind Your Business is written and produced weekly by the Boone Area Chamber of Commerce. This podcast is made possible thanks to the sponsorship support of Appalachian Commercial Real Estate.Catch the show each Thursday morning at 9AM on WATA (1450AM & 96.5FM) in Boone.Support the show

Celebrated for its scenic beauty and connections to Appalachia culture, the Blue Ridge Parkway stretches 469 miles through Virginia and North Carolina and serves as the longest linear park in the United States. While its footprint is massive, it's impacts are felt on a hyper-local level, with communities uniquely imprinting themselves toward the 16.7 million visitors that pass through the park each year.After years spent gathering support, the Blue Ridge Parkway was granted $127M of the $1.3 million Great American Outdoors Act, which was passed by Congress in 2022. This established the opportunity to complete decades-long deferred maintenance along the Parkway's entire corridor.The combination of these planned projects and the necessary detours, partial, and full road and feature closures in areas now impacted by Hurricane Helene have communities, visitors, and residents concerned about the short and long-term impacts of these necessary projects. On this week's Mind Your Business, we set the context for the economic and community impact of the Blue Ridge Parkway, and provide an update on what comes next in terms of decisions about current repairs and long-term infrastructure upgrades. We'll hear from Jesse Pope, Executive Director of the Grandfather Mountain Stewardship Association, one of the Parkway's most visible attractions. We'll also talk with Carolyn Ward, CEO of the Blue Ridge Parkway Foundation, a 501c(3) organization tapped with assisting Parkway staff with funding, marketing, and other support not covered as part of the Federal budget. The BRPF is behind the Blue Ridge Rising action plan, which will help connect Parkway communities and visitors with travel experiences, enhanced cultural attractions, and more. Other organizations like the Friends of the Mountains-to-Sea trail and the Blue Ridge National Heritage Area also provide volunteer, programmatic, and marketing support along the Parkway.Mind Your Business is written and produced weekly by the Boone Area Chamber of Commerce. This podcast is made possible thanks to the sponsorship support of Appalachian Commercial Real Estate.Catch the show each Thursday morning at 9AM on WATA (1450AM & 96.5FM) in Boone.Support the show

In February, references to the words 'transgender' and 'queer' were quietly purged from various National Parks Service websites. That includes pages dedicated to Boston's many national parks.  Among the resources that were taken down from Boston's National Parks was an audio tour of Downtown and Beacon Hill titled “Their Dreams, Their Rights, and Their Love.” The tour was meant to show how Boston's LGBTQ+ community has lived and thrived despite oppression and erasure. The tour still exists on the History Project's website, where it was posted after it was removed from the National Parks Service website.  To get a sense of what the "Their Dreams, Their Rights, and Their Love" tour has to offer, The Common met up with Theo Linger, History Project board member and former National Parks ranger; and Meaghan Michel, History Project volunteer and former National Parks ranger.    Greater Boston's weekly podcast where news and culture meet.

This week on Breaking Battlegrounds, Congressman Mike Simpson of Idaho joins the show for a wide-ranging conversation that begins with his shocking discovery of the scale of missing and murdered Indigenous women—over 6,000 annually—and how Congress is finally taking action on justice and jurisdictional reform. He also breaks down the future of nuclear power, America's path to energy independence, and the urgent need to end our reliance on hostile nations for critical minerals and pharmaceuticals. Then, Newsweek's Josh Hammer returns to discuss his new book Israel and Civilization, where he argues that Israel—and the Jewish people—are the West's first line of defense against rising global threats. He also tackles the disturbing surge of anti-Semitism on college campuses, exposes the failures of higher education, and calls for revoking tax-exempt status for elite universities like Harvard. Don't miss Kiley's Corner, where she dives into the chilling mystery of 11 dead women found in New England over the last 60 days—is it the work of a serial killer or 11 separate psychopaths? Tune in now!www.breakingbattlegrounds.voteTwitter: www.twitter.com/Breaking_BattleFacebook: www.facebook.com/breakingbattlegroundsInstagram: www.instagram.com/breakingbattlegroundsLinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/company/breakingbattlegroundsTruth Social: https://truthsocial.com/@breakingbattlegroundsShow sponsors:Invest Yrefy - investyrefy.com4Freedom MobileExperience true freedom with 4Freedom Mobile, the exclusive provider offering nationwide coverage on all three major US networks (Verizon, AT&T, and T-Mobile) with just one SIM card. Our service not only connects you but also shields you from data collection by network operators, social media platforms, government agencies, and more.Use code ‘Battleground' to get your first month for $9 and save $10 a month every month after.Learn more at: 4FreedomMobile.comDot VoteWith a .VOTE website, you ensure your political campaign stands out among the competition while simplifying how you reach voters.Learn more at: dotvote.voteAbout our guest:An Idaho native, Mike Simpson was born in Burley and raised in Blackfoot. Mike graduated from Utah State University and earned his DMD from Washington University School of Dental Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri. After graduation, Mike joined his father and uncle at the Simpson Family Dental Practice in Blackfoot before serving in the Blackfoot City Council and State Legislature.Mike's political career began in 1980, when he was elected to the Blackfoot City Council. In 1984, he was elected to the Idaho Legislature where he served until 1998, the last six years serving as Speaker. Mike is currently serving his fourteenth term in the House of Representatives for Idaho's Second Congressional District.Mike serves as Chairman of the House Interior and Environment Subcommittee on Appropriations. His position gives him the unique opportunity to fight for Idaho's priorities and ensure Idahoans' hard-earned tax dollars come back to Idaho instead of going to states like New York or California.Mike also serves on the House Energy and Water Development Subcommittee and the Labor, Health and Human Services, Education Subcommittee on Appropriations. The committees Mike serves on have jurisdiction over funding for several agencies and programs critical to Idaho, including the Department of Energy, the Department of the Interior, the Forest Service, the National Parks Service, the National Endowment for the Arts, the Smithsonian Institute, and the Department of Labor.Mike and his wife Kathy have been married for 50 years and have called Idaho home all their lives. The two enjoy spending time with their poodle, Charley, and enjoying Idaho's beautiful scenery.-Josh Hammer is a friend of the show and the senior editor-at-large at Newsweek. He's the host of The Josh Hammer Show and the author of a new book, Israel and Civilization: The Fate of the Jewish Nation and the Destiny of the West, which recently reached as high as No. 3 on all of Amazon. You can follow him on X @josh_hammer. Get full access to Breaking Battlegrounds at breakingbattlegrounds.substack.com/subscribe

If you've driven on Rock Creek Parkway, then you know it has those reversible lanes - it's actually had that traffic pattern since the 1930s. But now the National Parks Service wants to change up the roads and people both for and against the change are all yelling pretty loudly about it. The Washington Post's Rachel Weiner has been following the controversy.  Get more from City Cast DC when you become a City Cast DC Neighbor. You'll enjoy perks like ad-free listening, invitations to members only events and more. Join now at membership.citycast.fm  Want some more DC news? Then make sure to sign up for our morning newsletter Hey DC.  Learn more about the sponsors of this April 23rd episode: Roda - Use code POD50 for $50 off your first service of $200+. Aura Frames - Get $35-off plus free shipping on the Carver Mat frame with Promo Code CITYCAST The Pew Charitable Trusts Nace Law Group Adams Morgan PorchFest Interested in advertising with City Cast? Find more info HERE. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The fallout from President Trump's executive order to eliminate all diversity, equity and inclusion efforts from the federal government continues, this time in the re-writing of history. According to the Washington Post, the National Parks Service has changed the narrative about the Underground Railroad and other edits have changed how notable moments and key figures dating to the nation's founding are described. And there have been other instances of Black history being removed from federal websites. This begs the question - Is Black History being erased? We talk about this topic and others on this edition of the Another View Round Table!

This week, we're taking a mind-bending dive into three under-the-radar sci-fi gems: The Endless, Radius, and Upgrade. Indie, eerie, and occasionally WTF, these movies gave us plenty to chew on—from AI run amok to time loop cults to accidental mass murder by proximity. Seriously, there's a lot going on here.We also say a heartfelt goodbye to Val Kilmer, dissect the upcoming Beatles biopics, rage at the absurd “rebranding” of the Underground Railroad, and gave some hot (and not) streaming picks including The Pitt, Karma, MobLand, The Bondsman, and Pulse. (Spoiler: Skip Pulse.)

Over the past few years, it has seemed like we may be heading toward some sort of official disclosure. UAPs and the talk of alien bodies have moved away from the fringe to getting mainstream coverage.  Is it strange, then, that we are seeing history budget cuts to the FAA as well as budget cuts for National Parks Service?  Are these “Budget cuts” an attempt to cover-up possible evidence or witnesses to paranormal activity?  This week we discuss the Federal budget cuts and put on our Alex Jones masks to wildly speculate about the true purpose of these cuts.  We also get into discussion about the Bennington triangle disappearances, and Bigfoot is still a fairy ghost alien.thanks for listening!www.thewhatcasters.comwww.patreon.com/thewhatcast

This week on the RV Podcast: Finding RV Gold: A Surprising Motorhome Deal that proves there IS an affordable RV out there! There is more information coming out on how the Trump administration's layoffs, firings, and forced retirements in the National Parks Service threaten to seriously disrupt camping out west this summer. And in Mike and Jen's storytime this week, the embarrassing tale on The Day Our RV Became Our Biggest Fan All this, plus the the RV social media buzz and your questions coming up in Episode 538 of the RV Podcast

Order The Memory Palace book now, dear listener. On Bookshop.org, on Amazon.com, on Barnes & Noble, or directly from Random House. Or order the audiobook at places like Libro.fm.The Memory Palace is a proud member of Radiotopia from PRX. Radiotopia is a collective of independently owned and operated podcasts that's a part of PRX, a not-for-profit public media company. If you'd like to directly support this show, you can make a donation at Radiotopia.fm/donate. I have recently launched a newsletter. You can subscribe to it at thememorypalacepodcast.substack.com. Music Pockets of Light by Ludomyr Melnyk All in Circles and Janvie by Shida Shahabi Between Trees by Akria Kosemura NotesThere are a million things to read about Stonewall, but the thing that I feel like deepened my understanding enough was The New York Public Library's The Stonewall Reader. Particularly the audiobook. Couldn't recommend it enough. Learn about your ad choices: dovetail.prx.org/ad-choices

One of the greatest engineering marvels of the 20th century - the Hoover Dam - was dedicated on September 30, 1935. What did the project mean for the United States, and what else was happening around the country and world on the exact same day?SOURCES“4 O'clock Bulletins.” Holyoke Daily Transcript (Holyoke, Massachusetts), August 3, 1936. www.newspapers.com.“5 Shot in Bank Raid; Tear Gas Routs Gang of 9.” Chicago Daily Tribune (Chicago, Illinois), October 1, 1935. www.newspapers.com.Associated Press. “Five Shot During Bank Robbery.” The Sheboygan Press (Sheboygan, Wisconsin), September 30, 1935. www.newspapers.com.Associated Press. “Hoover Dam's Dedication Is Staged Today.” Tucson Citizen (Tucson, Arizona), September 30, 1935. www.newspapers.com.Associated Press. “Newell Sherman Drowns In Chair for Drowning of Wife.” The Springfield Daily Republican (Springfield, Massachusetts), August 4, 1936. www.newspapers.com.Associated Press. “Sherman Counsel Sums Up Defense Before the Jury.” The Daily Evening Item(Lynn, Massachusetts), September 30, 1935. www.newspapers.com.Associated Press. “Weston Gets Life For Loll Slaying.” The Oregon Statesman (Salem, Oregon), January 28, 1936. www.newspapers.com.“Confession of Newell Sherman.” The Boston Globe (Boston, Massachusetts), July 22, 1935. www.newspapers.com.“The Controversial Naming of the Dam.” PBS. Accessed September 25, 2024. https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/hoover-controversy/. “Deputy Sheriff Ernest Loll.” Multnomah County Sheriff's Office, February 1, 2024. https://www.mcso.us/about-mcso/fallen-deputies/ernest-loll. “George Leonard Fiedler (1912-1957) .” Find a Grave. Accessed September 30, 2024. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/234373940/george-leonard-fiedler. “Hoover Dam.” Wikipedia, August 28, 2024.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoover_Dam#:~:text=Hoover%20Dam%20is%20a%20concrete,Roosevelt.“Mrs Alice Doris Dudley Sherman (1912-1935) - Find...” Find a Grave. Accessed October 1, 2024. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/74472032/alice_doris_sherman. “Mrs. Fiedler Says Son Told of Shooting.” The Oregon Daily Journal (Portland, Oregon), October 2, 1935. www.newspapers.com.“Reward Offered In Slaying.” The Oregon Daily Journal (Portland, Oregon), September 30, 1935. www.newspapers.com.“Stained Weapon Clue to Murder.” The Oregonian (Portland, Oregon), October 1, 1935. www.newspapers.com.United Press. “Boulder Dam to Be Dedicated Today.” Nevada State Journal (Reno, Nevada), September 30, 1935. www.newspapers.com.“Weston Murder Jury Selected.” The Oregon Daily Journal (Portland, Oregon), January 18, 1936. www.newspapers.com.“Witnesses Tell About Fatal Hunt.” The Oregon Daily Journal (Portland, Oregon), January 18, 1936. www.newspapers.com.“‘The Greatest Dam in the World': Building Hoover Dam (Teaching with Historic Places) (U.S. National Park Service).” National Parks Service. Accessed September 25, 2024.https://www.nps.gov/articles/-the-greatest-dam-in-the-world-building-hoover-dam-teaching-with-historic-places.htm.SOUND SOURCESAl Jolson. “I'll Say She Does.” www.pixabay.com/music.Lucille Hegamin and The Dixie Daisies. “Cold Winter Blues.” www.pixabay.com/music.Sophie Tucker. “Reuben Rag.” www.pixabay.com/music.

Corinne Fisher talks about her experience peeking behind hte curtain of politics and why she's already burnt out on "paying her dues" for the party, an extended WACO mailbag dealing with Voter ID Laws in Texas, the army passing on qualified Black engeniers for the kind of people that go to NRA rallys, the viral townhall from Worcester MA and more, then Corinne dives into the biggest news stories of the week including Trump declaringhimself king while battling New York over congestion pricing tolls, Elon's "DOGE" gutting the National Parks Service as well as vital cancer research, Trump calling Zelensky a dictator and so much more!Original Air Date: 02/19/25You can watch Without A Country LIVE every Wednesday at 9PM on our YouTube Channel at https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCjP3oJVS_BEgGXOPcVzlpVw!**PLEASE SUBSCRIBE, RATE & REVIEW ON iTUNES & SUBSCRIBE TO OUR YOUTUBE CHANNEL**Link To The Brand New Patreon!https://patreon.com/WithoutACountry?utm_medium=unknown&utm_source=join_link&utm_campaign=creatorshare_creator&utm_content=copyLinkThis week Corinne takes a look at the proposed changes in education under the Trump regime and how it could effect disabled students.WHERE YOU CAN ANNOY US:Corinne Fisher:Twitter: https://twitter.com/PhilanthropyGalInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/philanthropygalExecutive Producer: Mike HarringtonInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/themharrington/Twitter: https://twitter.com/TheMHarringtonTheme Song By Free VicesWebsite https://www.freevices.com/Apple Music https://music.apple.com/us/artist/free-vices/1475846774Spotify https://open.spotify.com/artist/3fUw9W8zIj6RbibZN2b3kP?si=N8KzuFkvQXSnaejeDqVpIg&nd=1&dlsi=533dddc8672f46f0SoundCloud https://on.soundcloud.com/5sceVeUFADVBJr4P7YouTube https://youtube.com/channel/UCOsgEoQ2-czvD8eWctnxAAw?si=SL1RULNWVuJb8AONInstagram http://instagram.com/free_vicesTexas Voter ID Lawhttps://www.dallasnews.com/news/politics/2025/02/14/a-texas-republicans-save-act-is-drawing-alarm-what-is-it/?outputType=ampMilllitary Recruitinghttps://www.military.com/daily-news/2025/02/10/military-drops-recruiting-efforts-prestigious-black-engineering-awards-event.htmlWorcester Town Hallhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E2xmuwRuu7YGUUURLCONGESTION PRICING (King Trump)https://www.nytimes.com/live/2025/02/12/opinion/thepoint/donald-trump-congestion-pricing-new-yorkTRANShttps://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2025/02/19/hhs-transgender-rfk-sex-definition/PARKShttps://www.vox.com/down-to-earth/400209/national-parks-trump-government-layoffs-visit-dataCANCER TREATMENThttps://democrats-appropriations.house.gov/news/press-releases/trump-team-dismantles-efforts-find-cure-cancer-and-other-deadly-disorders-and&https://www.eenews.net/articles/trump-takes-giant-wrecking-ball-to-us-research/Zelenskyhttps://www.breitbart.com/europe/2025/02/19/president-trump-blasts-zelensky-a-dictator-without-elections/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

February 22nd, 2025 The Appalachian Trail, regarded as a National Scenic Trail by the National Parks Service and maintained by volunteers from that organization and the Appalachian Trail Conservancy, represents one of America's most popular pastimes: Hiking and Backpacking. More than 3,000 attempts are made each year to 'Through-Hike' the 2,197-mile trail, and many millions more step foot on the trail for a day or weekend hike every year. Today we are joined by Eagle Trail Dancer, a seasoned hiker and backpacking enthusiast. Having backpacked the entirety of the Appalachian Trail (AT) over the course of thirty-five years. Eagle has volunteered extensively in trail conservancy efforts in VA and SC. Sober for 49 years, he shares his experiences with AA, ACOA, and PTSD recovery groups throughout the course of his journey to finish the trail. Segment Highlights: Why Eagle Trail Dancer goes by his 'trail name', and how it came to be An exploration into the separate subculture of section hiking the trail, in contrast to through hiking What inspired Eagle Trail Dancer to begin hiking, and why he did it the way he did Growing up in a PTSD and alcoholic home-- how Eagle endured and escaped the abuse of his upbringing Eagle Trail Dancer's realization of his own habits and how he steeled himself against alcoholism. The continued fight AFTER the drinking stopped, to forgive and find an new path. The first section Eagle hiked, and his mental and physical preparation for that first experience on the trail Things You'll Learn by Listening: What resources are available to those struggling with their own or other's alcoholism The reality of one man's struggle and triumph over addiction, PTSD, and how the trail strengthened him through it all. The history of the pastime of hiking the Appalachian Trail; In one straight shot or in multiple sections. Jesse Brown's takes pride in outfitting many backpackers and hikers every fall and spring, ready for any adventure. Stop by for your next pair of boots or a new pack!

February 22nd, 2025 The Appalachian Trail, regarded as a National Scenic Trail by the National Parks Service and maintained by volunteers from that organization and the Appalachian Trail Conservancy, represents one of America's most popular pastimes: Hiking and Backpacking. More than 3,000 attempts are made each year to 'Through-Hike' the 2,197-mile trail, and many millions more step foot on the trail for a day or weekend hike every year. Today we are joined by Eagle Trail Dancer, a seasoned hiker and backpacking enthusiast. Having backpacked the entirety of the Appalachian Trail (AT) over the course of thirty-five years. Eagle has volunteered extensively in trail conservancy efforts in VA and SC. Sober for 49 years, he shares his experiences with AA, ACOA, and PTSD recovery groups throughout the course of his journey to finish the trail. Segment Highlights: What a 'white blaze' is, and what it signifies to Eagle Trail Dancer and other hikers along the AT. Mid-October 1988, the Shenandoah Mountains. The site of the First Section. Old Kelty Packs, and other gear that Eagle had with him for those first few steps. 3-man, 8 Pound tent! Vasque Boots, then, today and tomorrow for Eagle Trail Dancer. Eagle Trail Dancer's physical and mental progression over the 35 year journey. 5-6 days away from work makes for limited progress. Eagle began his journey as a Marathon runner, still had to make adjustments despite being in great health. 'Cathedral' of the woods- the spiritual and religious experience of hiking the trail Party culture and 'yellow blaze' in the northern part of the trail with other hikers Things You'll Learn by Listening: A day in the life of a section hiker, featuring the internal and external pressures you feel on the trail. The reality of one man's struggle and triumph over addiction, PTSD, and how the trail strengthened him through it all. The history of the pastime of hiking the Appalachian Trail; In one straight shot or in multiple sections. Jesse Brown's takes pride in outfitting many backpackers and hikers every fall and spring, ready for any adventure. Stop by for your next pair of boots or a new pack!

Today on the Federal Drive with Tom Temin What the hiring freeze means for the National Parks Service, as it starts finding seasonal employees. How drones may be a big help to first responders in the future A big to-do list for Congress as it finishes the first month with a new administration Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoicesSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

President Donald Trump's hiring freeze which was enacted as soon as he entered office could not have come at a worse time for the National Parks Service. The agency that relies heavily on seasonal workers was in the beginning stages of staffing up for what looks to be another busy season. Now parks officials and experts are warning that some of the nation's most treasured parks that were already having trouble keeping up as popular tourist destinations may face even more crowd control issues. For more on this, we welcome Tim Whitehouse, executive director of the group Public Employees for Environmental Responsibility. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoicesSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

President Donald Trump's hiring freeze which was enacted as soon as he entered office could not have come at a worse time for the National Parks Service. The agency that relies heavily on seasonal workers was in the beginning stages of staffing up for what looks to be another busy season. Now parks officials and experts are warning that some of the nation's most treasured parks that were already having trouble keeping up as popular tourist destinations may face even more crowd control issues. For more on this, we welcome Tim Whitehouse, executive director of the group Public Employees for Environmental Responsibility. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Today on the Federal Drive with Tom Temin What the hiring freeze means for the National Parks Service, as it starts finding seasonal employees. How drones may be a big help to first responders in the future A big to-do list for Congress as it finishes the first month with a new administration Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Jimmy Carter: Peanut farmer. Humanitarian. President. Environmentalist? On this week's EcoNews Report, we catalogue the environmental legacy of President Carter with Rich McIntyre, friend and fishing partner of the President. Locally, President Carter signed into law the expansion of Redwood National Park (against the protest of loggers). President Carter was also responsible for doubling the amount of acreage protected by the National Parks Service and conserving over 100 million acres of land in Alaska through the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act. An energy crisis drove President Carter to promote renewable energy, even putting solar panels on the White House (which were later removed by President Reagan.) Support the show

Mary McLeod Bethune was an educator, activist, and civil servant who dedicated her entire life to the pursuit of racial and gender equality. Her impressive legacy includes schools, legislation, and the formation of the Women's Army Corps. Research: Architect of the Capitol. “Mary McLeod Bethune.” https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/mary-mcleod-bethune-statue Bethune, Mary McLeod. “Dr. Bethune's Last Will & Testament.” Bethune-Cookman University. https://www.cookman.edu/history/last-will-testament.html Bethune, Mary McLeod. “Mary McLeod Bethune: Building a Better World: Essays and Selected Documents.” Indiana University Press. 1999. Brewer, William M. “Mary McLeod Bethune.” Negro History Bulletin , November, 1955, Vol. 19, No. 2 (November, 1955), p. 48, 36. Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44212916 "Bethune, Mary Mcleod." Encyclopedia of Race and Racism, edited by John Hartwell Moore, vol. 1, Macmillan Reference USA, 2008, pp. 166-167. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX2831200056/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=8b031f93. Accessed 9 Dec. 2024. Eleanor Roosevelt Papers Project. “Mary McLeod Bethune (1875-1955).” https://erpapers.columbian.gwu.edu/mary-mcleod-bethune-1875-1955 Flemming, Shelia Y. and Elaine M. Smith. “Mary McLeod Bethune: Born for Greatness: Introduction to Special Volume.” Phylon (1960-), Vol. 59, No. 2 (WINTER 2022), pp. 21-54. Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27180573 Foreman, Adam. “The Extraordinary Life of Mary McLeod Bethune.” The National World War II Museum. July 30, 2020. https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/mary-mcleod-bethune Johnson-Miller, Beverly C. "Mary McLeod Bethune: black educational ministry leader of the early 20th century." Christian Education Journal, vol. 3, no. 2, fall 2006, pp. 330+. Gale General OneFile, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A154513137/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=175ad2e0. Accessed 9 Dec. 2024. Jones, Martha S. “Mary McLeod Bethune Was at the Vanguard of More Than 50 Years of Black Progress.” Smithsonian. 7/2020. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/mary-mcleod-bethune-vanguard-more-than-50-years-black-progress-180975202/ Long, Kim Cliett. "Dr. Mary Mcleod Bethune: a life devoted to service." Forum on Public Policy: A Journal of the Oxford Round Table, fall 2011. Gale Academic OneFile, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A317588290/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=af61ca7a. Accessed 9 Dec. 2024. "Mary McLeod Bethune." Gale Encyclopedia of U.S. Economic History, edited by Thomas Carson and Mary Bonk, Gale, 1999. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/K1667000015/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=96df5412. Accessed 9 Dec. 2024. McCLUSKEY, AUDREY T. "Representing the Race: Mary McLeod Bethune and the Press in the Jim Crow Era." The Western Journal of Black Studies, vol. 23, no. 4, winter 1999, p. 236. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A62354228/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=d189f Michals, Debra. "Mary McLeod Bethune." National Women's History Museum. National Women's History Museum, 2015. https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/mary-mcleod-bethune Moorer, Vanessa. “Mary McLeod Bethune.” National Museum of African American History and Culture. https://nmaahc.si.edu/explore/stories/mary-mcleod-bethune National Parks Service. “Mary McLeod Bethune. Mary McLeod Bethune Council House. https://www.nps.gov/mamc/learn/historyculture/mary-mcleod-bethune.htm PBS American Experience. “Eleanor and Mary McLeod Bethune.” https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eleanor-bethune/ Popp, Veronica. “Black roses: The womanist partnership of Frances Reynolds Keyser and Mary McLeod Bethune.” Journal of Lesbian Studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/10894160.2024.2385714 Roosevelt, Eleanor. “My Day: May 20, 1955.” https://www2.gwu.edu/~erpapers/myday/displaydoc.cfm?_y=1955&_f=md003174 Smith, Elaine M. “Mary McLeod Bethune Papers: The Bethune-Cookman College Collection, 1922–1955.” Alabama State University. /https://pq-static-content.proquest.com/collateral/media2/documents/1397_MaryMcLBethuneCollege.pdf Smith, Elaine M. “Mary McLeod Bethune: In the Leadership Orbit of Men.” Phylon (1960-), WINTER 2022, Vol. 59, No. 2 (WINTER 2022). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/27180575 Smith, Elaine M. “Mary McLeod Bethune’s ‘Last Will and Testament’: A Legacy for Race Vindication.” The Journal of Negro History, vol. 81, no. 1/4, 1996, pp. 105–22. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/2717611. Accessed 10 Dec. 2024. State Library and Archives of Florida. “Mary McLeod Bethune.” Florida Memory. https://www.floridamemory.com/learn/classroom/learning-units/mary-mcleod-bethune/ See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

On today's Midday Report with Host Terry Haines: Petersburg's harbormaster told legislators that Alaska's harbors need more funding. The Arctic tundra shifted this past year from capturing carbon to releasing it, which means it's now contributing to rising global temperatures. And one of three independent birth centers in Anchorage will no longer deliver babies. Photo: The Arctic Report Card shows sea ice is retreating. This graph of monthly arctic sea ice extent anomalies (solid lines) and linear trend lines (dashed lines) for March (black) and September (red) 1979 to 2023, shows a marked decline. National Parks Service

While working for the Treasury Department, Ely S. Parker met someone who would become a big part of much of the rest of his life – Ulysses S. Grant. It was through this connection that Parker gained a good deal of power, and cemented a controversial legacy. Research: · Adams, James Ring. “The Many Careers of Ely Parker.” National Museum of the American Indian. Fall 2011. · Babcock, Barry. “The Story of Donehogawa, First Indian Commissioner of Indian Affairs.” ICT. 9/13/2018. https://ictnews.org/archive/the-story-of-donehogawa-first-indian-commissioner-of-indian-affairs · Contrera, Jessica. “The interracial love story that stunned Washington — twice! — in 1867.” Washington Post. 2/13/2019. https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2019/02/13/interracial-love-story-that-stunned-washington-twice/ · DeJong, David H. “Ely S. Parker Commissioner of Indian Affairs (April 26, 1869–July 24,1871).” From Paternalism to Partnership: The Administration of Indian Affairs, 1786–2021. University of Nebraska Press. (2021). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv2cw0sp9.29 · Eves, Megan. “Repatriation and Reconciliation: The Seneca Nation, The Buffalo History Museum and the Repatriation of the Red Jacket Peace Medal.” Museum Association of New York. 5/26/2021. https://nysmuseums.org/MANYnews/10559296 · Genetin-Pilawa, C. Joseph. “Ely Parker and the Contentious Peace Policy.” Western Historical Quarterly , Vol. 41, No. 2 (Summer 2010). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/westhistquar.41.2.0196 · Genetin-Pilawa, C. Joseph. “Ely S. Parker and the Paradox of Reconstruction Politics in Indian Country.” From “The World the Civil War Made. Gregory P. Downs and Kate Masur, editors. University of North Carolina Press. July 2015. · Ginder, Jordan and Caitlin Healey. “Biographies: Ely S. Parker.” United States Army National Museum. https://www.thenmusa.org/biographies/ely-s-parker/ · Hauptman, Laurence M. “On Our Terms: The Tonawanda Seneca Indians, Lewis Henry Morgan, and Henry Rowe Schoolcraft, 1844–1851.” New York History , FALL 2010, Vol. 91, No. 4 (FALL 2010). https://www.jstor.org/stable/23185816 · Henderson, Roger C. “The Piikuni and the U.S. Army’s Piegan Expedition.” Montana: The Magazine of Western History. Spring 2018. https://mhs.mt.gov/education/IEFA/HendersonMMWHSpr2018.pdf · Hewitt, J.N.B. “The Life of General Ely S. Parker, Last Grand Sachem of the Iroquois and General Grant's Military Secretary.” Review. The American Historical Review, Vol. 25, No. 4 (Jul., 1920). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1834953 · Historical Society of the New York Courts. “Blacksmith v. Fellows, 1852.” https://history.nycourts.gov/case/blacksmith-v-fellows/ Historical Society of the New York Courts. “Ely S. Parker.” https://history.nycourts.gov/figure/ely-parker/ · Historical Society of the New York Courts. “New York ex rel. Cutler v. Dibble, 1858.” https://history.nycourts.gov/case/cutler-v-dibble/ · Hopkins, John Christian. “Ely S. Parker: Determined to Make a Difference.” Native Peoples Magazine, Vol. 17 Issue 6, p78, Sep/Oct2004. · Justia. “Fellows v. Blacksmith, 60 U.S. 366 (1856).” https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/60/366/ · Michaelsen, Scott. “Ely S. Parker and Amerindian Voices in Ethnography.” American Literary History , Winter, 1996, Vol. 8, No. 4 (Winter, 1996). https://www.jstor.org/stable/490115 · Mohawk, John. “Historian Interviews: John Mohawk, PhD.” PBS. Warrior in Two Worlds. https://www.pbs.org/warrior/content/historian/mohawk.html · National Parks Service. “Ely Parker.” Appomattox Court House National Historical Park. https://www.nps.gov/people/ely-parker.htm · Parker, Arthur C. “The Life of General Ely S. Parker: Last Grand Sachem of the Iroquois and General Grant’s Military Secretary.” Buffalo Historical Society. 1919. · Parker, Ely S. “Report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs.” December 23, 1869. Parker, Ely. Letter to Harriet Converse, 1885. https://teachingamericanhistory.org/document/letter-to-harriet-converse/ PBS. “A Warrior in Two Worlds: The Life of Ely Parker.” https://www.pbs.org/warrior/noflash/ · Spurling, Ann, producer and writer and Richard Young, director. “Warrior in Two Worlds.” Wes Studi, Narrator. WXXI. 1999. https://www.pbs.org/video/wxxi-documentaries-warrior-two-worlds/ · Vergun, David. “Engineer Became Highest Ranking Native American in Union Army.” U.S. Department of Defense. 11/2/2021. https://www.defense.gov/News/Feature-Stories/Story/Article/2781759/engineer-became-highest-ranking-native-american-in-union-army/See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Ely S. Parker was instrumental in both the creation of President President Ulysses S. Grant's “peace policy." Parker was Seneca, and he was the first Indigenous person to be placed in a cabinet-level position in the U.S. and the first Indigenous person to serve as Commissioner of Indian Affairs. Research: ·       Adams, James Ring. “The Many Careers of Ely Parker.” National Museum of the American Indian. Fall 2011. ·       Babcock, Barry. “The Story of Donehogawa, First Indian Commissioner of Indian Affairs.” ICT. 9/13/2018. https://ictnews.org/archive/the-story-of-donehogawa-first-indian-commissioner-of-indian-affairs ·       Contrera, Jessica. “The interracial love story that stunned Washington — twice! — in 1867.” Washington Post. 2/13/2019. https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2019/02/13/interracial-love-story-that-stunned-washington-twice/ ·       DeJong, David H. “Ely S. Parker Commissioner of Indian Affairs (April 26, 1869–July 24,1871).” From Paternalism to Partnership: The Administration of Indian Affairs, 1786–2021. University of Nebraska Press. (2021). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv2cw0sp9.29 ·       Eves, Megan. “Repatriation and Reconciliation: The Seneca Nation, The Buffalo History Museum and the Repatriation of the Red Jacket Peace Medal.” Museum Association of New York. 5/26/2021. https://nysmuseums.org/MANYnews/10559296 ·       Genetin-Pilawa, C. Joseph. “Ely Parker and the Contentious Peace Policy.” Western Historical Quarterly , Vol. 41, No. 2 (Summer 2010). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/westhistquar.41.2.0196 ·       Genetin-Pilawa, C. Joseph. “Ely S. Parker and the Paradox of Reconstruction Politics in Indian Country.” From “The World the Civil War Made. Gregory P. Downs and Kate Masur, editors. University of North Carolina Press. July 2015. ·       Ginder, Jordan and Caitlin Healey. “Biographies: Ely S. Parker.” United States Army National Museum. https://www.thenmusa.org/biographies/ely-s-parker/ ·       Hauptman, Laurence M. “On Our Terms: The Tonawanda Seneca Indians, Lewis Henry Morgan, and Henry Rowe Schoolcraft, 1844–1851.” New York History , FALL 2010, Vol. 91, No. 4 (FALL 2010). https://www.jstor.org/stable/23185816 ·       Henderson, Roger C. “The Piikuni and the U.S. Army's Piegan Expedition.” Montana: The Magazine of Western History. Spring 2018. https://mhs.mt.gov/education/IEFA/HendersonMMWHSpr2018.pdf ·       Hewitt, J.N.B. “The Life of General Ely S. Parker, Last Grand Sachem of the Iroquois and General Grant's Military Secretary.” Review. The American Historical Review, Vol. 25, No. 4 (Jul., 1920). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1834953 ·       Historical Society of the New York Courts. “Blacksmith v. Fellows, 1852.” https://history.nycourts.gov/case/blacksmith-v-fellows/ Historical Society of the New York Courts. “Ely S. Parker.” https://history.nycourts.gov/figure/ely-parker/ ·       Historical Society of the New York Courts. “New York ex rel. Cutler v. Dibble, 1858.” https://history.nycourts.gov/case/cutler-v-dibble/ ·       Hopkins, John Christian. “Ely S. Parker: Determined to Make a Difference.” Native Peoples Magazine, Vol. 17 Issue 6, p78, Sep/Oct2004. ·       Justia. “Fellows v. Blacksmith, 60 U.S. 366 (1856).” https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/60/366/ ·       Michaelsen, Scott. “Ely S. Parker and Amerindian Voices in Ethnography.” American Literary History , Winter, 1996, Vol. 8, No. 4 (Winter, 1996). https://www.jstor.org/stable/490115 ·       Mohawk, John. “Historian Interviews: John Mohawk, PhD.” PBS. Warrior in Two Worlds. https://www.pbs.org/warrior/content/historian/mohawk.html ·       National Parks Service. “Ely Parker.” Appomattox Court House National Historical Park. https://www.nps.gov/people/ely-parker.htm ·       Parker, Arthur C. “The Life of General Ely S. Parker: Last Grand Sachem of the Iroquois and General Grant's Military Secretary.” Buffalo Historical Society. 1919. ·       Parker, Ely S. “Report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs.” December 23, 1869. Parker, Ely. Letter to Harriet Converse, 1885. https://teachingamericanhistory.org/document/letter-to-harriet-converse/ PBS. “A Warrior in Two Worlds: The Life of Ely Parker.” https://www.pbs.org/warrior/noflash/ ·       Spurling, Ann, producer and writer and Richard Young, director. “Warrior in Two Worlds.” Wes Studi, Narrator. WXXI. 1999. https://www.pbs.org/video/wxxi-documentaries-warrior-two-worlds/ ·       Vergun, David. “Engineer Became Highest Ranking Native American in Union Army.” U.S. Department of Defense. 11/2/2021. https://www.defense.gov/News/Feature-Stories/Story/Article/2781759/engineer-became-highest-ranking-native-american-in-union-army/  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

This episode includes six stories requested by listeners that wouldn't quite work as standalone episodes. The topics include: Nellie Cashman, Ela of Salisbury, Charles "Teenie" Harris, Jane Gaugain, Edward A. Carter Jr., and Alice Ball. Research: ·       National Parks Service. “Nellie Cashman.” https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/nellie-cashman.htm Arizona Women's Hall of Fame. “Nellie Cashman.” https://www.azwhf.org/copy-of-pauline-bates-brown-2 ·       Backhouse, Frances. “Angel of the Cassiar.” British Columbia Magazine. Winter 2014. ·       Hawley, Charles C. and Thomas K. Bundtzen. “Ellen (Nellie) Cashman.” Alaska Mining Hall of Fame Foundation. https://alaskamininghalloffame.org/inductees/cashman.php ·       Clum, John P. “Nellie Cashman.” Arizona Historical Review. Vol. 3, No. 4. January 1931. ·       Porsild, Charlene. “Cashman, Ellen.” Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. XV (1921-1930). https://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/cashman_ellen_15E.html ·       Ward, Jennifer C. "Ela, suo jure countess of Salisbury (b. in or after 1190, d. 1261), magnate and abbess." Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. October 08, 2009. Oxford University Press. Date of access 30 Oct. 2024, https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-47205 ·       McConnell, Ally. “The life of Ela, Countess of Salisbury.” Wiltshire & Swindon History Centre. https://wshc.org.uk/the-life-of-ela-countess-of-salisbury/ Order fo Medieval Women. “Ela, Countess of Sudbury.” https://www.medievalwomen.org/ela-countess-of-salisbury.html. Charles “Teenie” Harris Archive. Carnegie Museum of Art. https://carnegieart.org/art/charles-teenie-harris-archive/ ·       National Museum of African American History and Culture. “Photojournalist, Charles “Teenie” Harris.” https://nmaahc.si.edu/photojournalist-charles-teenie-harris ·       O'Driscoll, Bill. “Historical marker honors famed Pittsburgh photographer Teenie Harris.” WESA. 9/30/2024. https://www.wesa.fm/arts-sports-culture/2024-09-30/historical-charles-teenie-harris-pittsburgh-photography ·       Kinzer, Stephen. “Black Life, In Black And White; Court Ruling Frees the Legacy Of a Tireless News Photographer.” New York Times. 2/7/2001. https://www.nytimes.com/2001/02/07/arts/black-life-black-white-court-ruling-frees-legacy-tireless-photographer.html ·       Hulse, Lynn. "Gaugain [née Alison], Jane [Jean] (1804–1860), author, knitter, and fancy needleworker." Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. August 08, 2024. Oxford University Press. Date of access 30 Oct. 2024, https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-90000382575 ·       "Edward A. Carter, Jr." Contemporary Black Biography, vol. 104, Gale, 2013. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/K1606005739/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=77e0beae. Accessed 30 Oct. 2024. ·       National WWII Museum. “Staff Sergeant Edward A. Carter Jr's Medal of Honor.” 2/15/2021. https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/staff-sergeant-edward-carter-jr-medal-of-honor ·       Lange, Katie. “Medal of Honor Monday: Army Sgt. 1st Class Edward Carter Jr.” U.S. Department of Defense. https://www.defense.gov/News/Feature-Stories/Story/Article/3347931/medal-of-honor-monday-army-sgt-1st-class-edward-carter-jr/ ·       National Parks Service. “Edward Carter Jr.” Charles Young Buffalo Soldiers National Monument. https://www.nps.gov/people/edwardcarterjr.htm ·       Dwyer, Mitchell K. “A Woman Who Changed the World.” University of Hawaii Foundation. https://www.uhfoundation.org/impact/students/woman-who-changed-world ·       University of Washington School of Pharmacy. “UWSOP alumni legend Alice Ball, Class of 1914, solved leprosy therapy riddle.” https://sop.washington.edu/uwsop-alumni-legend-alice-ball-class-of-1914-solved-leprosy-riddle/ ·       Ricks, Delthia. “Overlooked No More: Alice Ball, Chemist Who Created a Treatment for Leprosy.” 5/8/2023. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/08/obituaries/alice-ball-overlooked.html  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

As an adult, Sarah Winnemucca spent a lot of time trying to advocate for the Northern Paiute, although her legacy in that regard has some complexities. Research: ·       Carpenter, Cari M. “Sarah Winnemucca Goes to Washington: Rhetoric and Resistance in the Capital City.” American Indian Quarterly , Vol. 40, No. 2 (Spring 2016). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5250/amerindiquar.40.2.0087 ·       Dolan, Kathryn Cornell. “Cattle and Sovereignty in the Work of Sarah Winnemucca Hopkins.” The American Indian Quarterly, Volume 44, Number 1, Winter 2020. https://doi.org/10.1353/aiq.2020.a752911 ·       Eves, Rosalyn Collings. “Finding Place to Speak: Sarah Winnemucca's Rhetorical Practices in Disciplinary Spaces.” Legacy , Vol. 31, No. 1 (2014). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5250/legacy.31.1.0001 ·       Eves, Rosalyn. “Sarah Winnemucca Devoted Her Life to Protecting Native Americans in the Face of an Expanding United States.” Smithsonian. 7/27/2016. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/sarah-winnemucca-devoted-life-protecting-lives-native-americans-face-expanding-united-states-180959930/ ·       Hanrahan, Heidi M. “"[W]orthy the imitation of the whites": Sarah Winnemucca and Mary Peabody Mann's Collaboration.” MELUS , SPRING 2013, Vol. 38, No. 1, Cross-Racial and Cross-Ethnic Collaboration and Scholoarship (SPRING 2013). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42001207 ·       Hopkins, Sarah Winnemucca. “Life Among the Piutes: Their Wrongs and Claims.” Boston: G.P. Putnam's Sons. 1883. https://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/winnemucca/piutes/piutes.html ·       Kohler, Michelle. “Sending Word: Sarah Winnemucca and the Violence of Writing.” Arizona Quarterly: A Journal of American Literature, Culture, and Theory, Volume 69, Number 3, Autumn 2013. https://doi.org/10.1353/arq.2013.0021 ·       Martin, Nicole. “Sarah Winnemucca.” Fort Vancouver Historical Site. National Parks Service. https://www.nps.gov/people/sarah-winnemucca.htm ·       Martínez, David. “Neither Chief Nor Medicine Man: The Historical Role of the “Intellectual” in the American Indian Community.” Studies in American Indian Literatures , Vol. 26, No. 1 (Spring 2014). https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5250/studamerindilite.26.1.0029 ·       McClure, Andrew S. “Sarah Winnemucca: [Post]Indian Princess and Voice of the Paiutes.” MELUS , Summer, 1999, Vol. 24, No. 2, Religion, Myth and Ritual (Summer, 1999). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/467698 Nevada Women's History Project. “Sarah Winnemucca.” https://nevadawomen.org/research-center/biographies-alphabetical/sarah-winnemucca/ ·       "Sarah Winnemucca." Encyclopedia of World Biography Online, Gale, 1998. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/K1631007030/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=fff26ec7. Accessed 10 Oct. 2024. ·       "Sarah Winnemucca." Historic World Leaders, edited by Anne Commire, Gale, 1994. Gale In Context: U.S. History, ·       link.gale.com/apps/doc/K1616000622/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=e5a6b25f. Accessed 10 Oct. 2024. ·       Scherer, Joanna Cohan. “The Public Faces of Sarah Winnemucca.” Cultural Anthropology , May, 1988, Vol. 3, No. 2 (May, 1988). Via JSTOR. http://www.jstor.com/stable/656350 ·       Shaping History: Women in Capital Art. “Sarah Winnemucca and Sakakawea: Native American Voices in the Capitol Collection.” Podcast. 5/26/2020. ·       Slattery, Ryan. “Winnemucca statue erected in U.S. Capitol.” ICT. 3/23/2005. https://ictnews.org/archive/winnemucca-statue-erected-in-us-capitol ·       Sneider, Leah. “Gender, Literacy, and Sovereignty in Winnemucca's Life among the Piutes.” American Indian Quarterly , Vol. 36, No. 3 (Summer 2012). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5250/amerindiquar.36.3.0257 ·       Sorisio, Carolyn.” Playing the Indian Princess? Sarah Winnemucca's Newspaper Career and Performance of American Indian Identities.” Studies in American Indian Literatures , Vol. 23, No. 1 (Spring 2011) ·       "Winnemucca, Sarah." Westward Expansion Reference Library, edited by Allison McNeill, et al., vol. 2: Biographies, UXL, 2000, pp. 227-236. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3426500057/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=e5519449. Accessed 10 Oct. 2024. ·       Zanjani, Sally. “Sarah Winnemucca.” University of Nebraska Press. 2001.  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Sarah Winnemucca was Northern Paiute and was born not long before her band had their first contact with people of European descent. That happened in the middle of the 19th century, which means she lived through a lot – this episode covers her early life. Research: ·       Carpenter, Cari M. “Sarah Winnemucca Goes to Washington: Rhetoric and Resistance in the Capital City.” American Indian Quarterly , Vol. 40, No. 2 (Spring 2016). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5250/amerindiquar.40.2.0087 ·       Dolan, Kathryn Cornell. “Cattle and Sovereignty in the Work of Sarah Winnemucca Hopkins.” The American Indian Quarterly, Volume 44, Number 1, Winter 2020. https://doi.org/10.1353/aiq.2020.a752911 ·       Eves, Rosalyn Collings. “Finding Place to Speak: Sarah Winnemucca's Rhetorical Practices in Disciplinary Spaces.” Legacy , Vol. 31, No. 1 (2014). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5250/legacy.31.1.0001 ·       Eves, Rosalyn. “Sarah Winnemucca Devoted Her Life to Protecting Native Americans in the Face of an Expanding United States.” Smithsonian. 7/27/2016. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/sarah-winnemucca-devoted-life-protecting-lives-native-americans-face-expanding-united-states-180959930/ ·       Hanrahan, Heidi M. “"[W]orthy the imitation of the whites": Sarah Winnemucca and Mary Peabody Mann's Collaboration.” MELUS , SPRING 2013, Vol. 38, No. 1, Cross-Racial and Cross-Ethnic Collaboration and Scholoarship (SPRING 2013). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42001207 ·       Hopkins, Sarah Winnemucca. “Life Among the Piutes: Their Wrongs and Claims.” Boston: G.P. Putnam's Sons. 1883. https://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/winnemucca/piutes/piutes.html ·       Kohler, Michelle. “Sending Word: Sarah Winnemucca and the Violence of Writing.” Arizona Quarterly: A Journal of American Literature, Culture, and Theory, Volume 69, Number 3, Autumn 2013. https://doi.org/10.1353/arq.2013.0021 ·       Martin, Nicole. “Sarah Winnemucca.” Fort Vancouver Historical Site. National Parks Service. https://www.nps.gov/people/sarah-winnemucca.htm ·       Martínez, David. “Neither Chief Nor Medicine Man: The Historical Role of the “Intellectual” in the American Indian Community.” Studies in American Indian Literatures , Vol. 26, No. 1 (Spring 2014). https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5250/studamerindilite.26.1.0029 ·       McClure, Andrew S. “Sarah Winnemucca: [Post]Indian Princess and Voice of the Paiutes.” MELUS , Summer, 1999, Vol. 24, No. 2, Religion, Myth and Ritual (Summer, 1999). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/467698 Nevada Women's History Project. “Sarah Winnemucca.” https://nevadawomen.org/research-center/biographies-alphabetical/sarah-winnemucca/ ·       "Sarah Winnemucca." Encyclopedia of World Biography Online, Gale, 1998. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/K1631007030/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=fff26ec7. Accessed 10 Oct. 2024. ·       "Sarah Winnemucca." Historic World Leaders, edited by Anne Commire, Gale, 1994. Gale In Context: U.S. History, ·       link.gale.com/apps/doc/K1616000622/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=e5a6b25f. Accessed 10 Oct. 2024. ·       Scherer, Joanna Cohan. “The Public Faces of Sarah Winnemucca.” Cultural Anthropology , May, 1988, Vol. 3, No. 2 (May, 1988). Via JSTOR. http://www.jstor.com/stable/656350 ·       Shaping History: Women in Capital Art. “Sarah Winnemucca and Sakakawea: Native American Voices in the Capitol Collection.” Podcast. 5/26/2020. ·       Slattery, Ryan. “Winnemucca statue erected in U.S. Capitol.” ICT. 3/23/2005. https://ictnews.org/archive/winnemucca-statue-erected-in-us-capitol ·       Sneider, Leah. “Gender, Literacy, and Sovereignty in Winnemucca's Life among the Piutes.” American Indian Quarterly , Vol. 36, No. 3 (Summer 2012). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5250/amerindiquar.36.3.0257 ·       Sorisio, Carolyn.” Playing the Indian Princess? Sarah Winnemucca's Newspaper Career and Performance of American Indian Identities.” Studies in American Indian Literatures , Vol. 23, No. 1 (Spring 2011) ·       "Winnemucca, Sarah." Westward Expansion Reference Library, edited by Allison McNeill, et al., vol. 2: Biographies, UXL, 2000, pp. 227-236. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3426500057/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=e5519449. Accessed 10 Oct. 2024. ·       Zanjani, Sally. “Sarah Winnemucca.” University of Nebraska Press. 2001.  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Rep. Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.) has filed to run for reelection in 2026, according to the Federal Election Commission. Pelosi, whose district covers San Francisco, has been in the U.S. House of Representatives since 1987. She was speaker of the House twice: from 2007 to 2011 and from 2019 to 2023. President-elect Donald Trump has chosen former presidential rival North Dakota Gov. Doug Burgum to lead the Department of the Interior. It's a critical position in Trump's plan to change American energy policy. The Interior Department was created to protect and manage the United States' natural resources and cultural heritage. The Fish and Wildlife Service, the National Parks Service, and the Bureau of Indian Affairs all fall under its umbrella. A newly introduced House bill would strip away the Chinese Communist Party's preferred trade status. The new tariffs would go to supporting U.S. farmers and manufacturers, with the aim of preventing the regime from continuing to grow its economic edge using unfair trade practices. ⭕️ Watch in-depth videos based on Truth & Tradition at Epoch TV

Talk to us directly! In this Halloween edition of Cult Talks: Conspiracy!  Bailey and Ty take a deep dive into the world of the Missing 411 phenomenon. What lies behind the mysterious disappearances of individuals in national parks and remote wilderness areas? #JoinTheTalk as we explore the chilling history of Missing 411, examining the patterns, commonalities, and the perplexing details that have left investigators and enthusiasts scratching their heads.Bailey and Ty will unpack the various theories surrounding these cases, ranging from natural explanations to more far-fetched ideas involving the paranormal or government cover-ups. As they sift through the evidence and speculation, they will shine a light on the factors contributing to these unexplained vanishings.#JoinTheTalk for this captivating exploration of Missing 411, where we seek to uncover the truth behind the disappearances and the secrets hidden in the shadows of the wilderness!Support the showFollow @CultTalkNet on Instagram, Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube for more Groovy content!Check out Cult of Campbell every other Monday for a groovy dose of Bruce Campbell!#QuestionEverything every other Tuesday with Cult Talks: Conspiracy! where we dive deep into the dark corners of the fringe. Explore the vast worlds of Fantasy and Sci-Fi with our long-form exploration podcast, Cult of Lore! You can also find FULL videos of Cult of Lore at youtube.com/CultTalkNet.#JoinTheTalk

In Connecticut, the bear population has boomed. And so have human-bear conflicts. There are somewhere between 1000-1200 black bears in our state alone. You might know what to do if you encounter a black bear in the wild, but bears are not just on trails anymore. In the past year, there were 35 incidents of bears entering homes right here in our state. Although they might look friend-shaped, we wouldn't recommend getting friendly. In fact, intentionally feeding the bears is now against the law. Maybe you've seen a bear where you live. Today, we'll hear from bear experts across the state and learn what to do if you come across one. Did you follow this year's Fat Bear Week? This week-long national tournament by the National Parks Service celebrates bear hibernation and conservation, while also serving as a campaign to make the public bear aware. We learn about it. GUESTS: Jason Hawley: Wildlife Biologist for the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection Felicia Ortner: Volunteer Docent at the Connecticut Beardsley Zoo Rachel Maiser: Natural Resource Lead for the Northeast Regional Office of the National Park Service Support the show: http://wnpr.org/donateSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In this episode we talk about what could've (and what probably) happened to Pocahontas while she was in England. It's not something you would find in a Disney movie!Sources: Custalow, Linwood “Little Bear,” and Angela L. Daniel. The True Story of Pocahontas: The Other Side of History. Tantor Audio, 2023. Editors. “John Smith's Writings (U.S. National Park Service).” National Parks Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, 4 Feb. 2022, www.nps.gov/articles/000/john-smith-writings.htm. Price, David A. Love and Hate in Jamestown: John Smith, Pocahontas, and the Heart of a New Nation. Vintage Books, 2005. Smith, John, and James Horn. Writings: With Other Narratives of Roanoke, Jamestown, and the First English Settlement of America. Library of America : Distributed to the Trade in the U.S. by Penguin Putnam, 2007.

Did Iggy Pop and Debbie Harry approach their "Well, Did You Evah?" cover for Red Hot + Blue with the appropriate level of professionalism? Which downtown shopping and dining spots Christina visited with Sonic Youth still exist today? Was Shawn Wayans One To Watch? What does "gerbiling" really mean? And how did Winona Ryder EVER agree to play a character named Dinky Bossetti? We can't promise we answer all these questions, but we definitely try in the November 1990 Pop Culture episode! QUICK LINKS

Today we are going to be talking about field recording for the National Parks Service with recordist Chris Trevino. He tells us about his recent recording gig at Isle Royale Nation Park in Michigan, where he had his mics rolling in the park for 2 summer weeks. His goal was to capture the natural sounds of the pristine environment and the animals that call it home.  Chris discusses how he got the contract with the Parks Service, how he prepared for 2 weeks with no power and what it took to pull it off once he was out in the wilderness. As a reminder The Motion Picture Sound Editors Presents: The London Tonebenders Sound Design Meetup on Sept 24th, 7pm at the Queens Head pub in Soho. This episode is brought to you by Sound Ideas, check out their latest sound effects library Robots & Servos. www.sound-ideas.com/Product/1396/Ro…-Sound-Effects- Show Notes: https://tonebenderspodcast.com/277-field-recording-for-the-national-parks-service-with-chris-trevino/ Podcast Homepage: tonebenderspodcast.com Tonebenders Host This Episode: Timothy Muirhead

Pocahontas has been used to tell different narratives throughout history, but few know the real story of her life. Join us for part 1!Sources: Custalow, Linwood “Little Bear,” and Angela L. Daniel. The True Story of Pocahontas: The Other Side of History. Tantor Audio, 2023. Editors. “John Smith's Writings (U.S. National Park Service).” National Parks Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, 4 Feb. 2022, www.nps.gov/articles/000/john-smith-writings.htm. Price, David A. Love and Hate in Jamestown: John Smith, Pocahontas, and the Heart of a New Nation. Vintage Books, 2005. Smith, John, and James Horn. Writings: With Other Narratives of Roanoke, Jamestown, and the First English Settlement of America. Library of America : Distributed to the Trade in the U.S. by Penguin Putnam, 2007.

Georgia Schneider's caving life has grown quickly since she started caving; taking her to places like New Zealand, France, Mexico, and countless US caves. She talks to Matt about working with the National Parks Service to inventory caves on federal land, and shares the special feeling of returning to places she helped discover.Order a custom cave suit from our sponsor, Sophireaptress!https://www.sophireaptress.com/Fall MVOR: September 19-22https://fb.me/e/5n6OMEmx4Find your local grotto!https://caves.org/committee/i-o/grottos/new_grotto_page-v2.shtml

 IT'S A GREAT GET  When a media organization lines up a highly sought after, maybe even elusive guest for an interview show it's known as a great “get.”That's what Kamala Harris is for CNN. Let's see what they do with it.   The Director of Strategic Communications for the Trump campaign talks about what they're expecting from the interview and how they're preparing to react.   Tax dollars are being spent by the National Parks Service to find LGBTQ landmarks. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In the 19th century, Kentucky's Mammoth Cave launched an entire, very competitive cave tourism industry in the area, In 1925, Floyd Collins was trapped in the cave system, which was the beginning of the end of the cave wars. Research: Algeo, Katie. "Mammoth Cave and the making of place." Southeastern Geographer, vol. 44, no. 1, May 2004, pp. 27+. Gale In Context: Science, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A119615129/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=f1adfa5b. Accessed 29 July 2024. Bullitt, Alexander Clark. “Rambles in the Mammoth Cave, During the Year 1944, By a Visitor.” Louisville, KY. Morton & Griswold. 1945. Butler, Telia. “Throwback Thursday – The Kentucky Cave Wars.” WNKY News 40. 3/25/2201. https://www.wnky.com/throwback-thursday-the-kentucky-cave-wars/ Courier-Journal. “Cave Company is Cited by Dawson.” The Courier-Journal. 7/24/1927. https://www.newspapers.com/image/107046993/ Lanzendorfer, Joy. “Enslaved Tour Guide Stephen Bishop Made Mammoth Cave the Must-See Destination It Is Today.” Smithsonian. 2/6/2019. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/enslaved-tour-guide-stephen-bishop-made-mammoth-cave-must-see-destination-it-today-180971424/ McGraw, Eliza. “How the Kentucky Cave Wars Reshaped the State's Tourism Industry.” Smithsonian. 7/25/2023. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/how-the-kentucky-cave-wars-reshaped-the-states-tourism-industry-180982585/ Meloy, Harold. “Short Legal History of Mammoth Cave.” National Parks Service. https://npshistory.com/brochures/maca/short-legal-history.pdf "Mammoth Cave National Park." Britannica Library, Encyclopædia Britannica, 4 Sep. 2015. libraries.state.ma.us/login?eburl=https%3A%2F%2Flibrary.eb.com&ebtarget=%2Flevels%2Freferencecenter%2Farticle%2FMammoth-Cave-National-Park%2F50412&ebboatid=9265652. Accessed 29 Jul. 2024. National Park Service. “Early Native Americans.” Mammoth Cave. https://www.nps.gov/maca/learn/historyculture/native-americans.htm National Park Service. “Floyd Collins.” Mammoth Cave National Park. https://www.nps.gov/people/floyd-collins.htm National Park Service. “George Morrison.” Mammoth Cave National Park. https://www.nps.gov/people/george-morrison.htm National Park Service. “Prehistoric Cave Discoveries.” https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/prehistoric-cave-discoveries.htm National Park Service. “Stephen Bishop.” Mammoth Cave National Park. https://www.nps.gov/people/stephen-bishop.htm National Park Service. “The Kentucky Cave Wars.” Mammoth Cave National Park. https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/the-kentucky-cave-wars.htm National Park Service. “Tragedy at Sand Cave.” Mammoth Cave National Park. https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/tragedy-at-sand-cave.htm Ohlson, Kristin. “The Bransfords of Mammoth Cave.” American Legacy. Spring 2006. https://www.kristinohlson.com/files/mammoth_cave-2.pdf Schmitzer, Jeanne Cannella. “CCC Camp 510: Black Participation in the Creation of Mammoth Cave National Park.” The Register of the Kentucky Historical Society , Autumn 1995, Vol. 93, No. 4 (Autumn 1995). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23383772 Sides, Stanley D. and Harold Meloy. “The Pursuit of Health in the Mammoth Cave.” Bulletin of the History of Medicine , JULY-AUGUST 1971, Vol. 45, No. 4 (JULY AUGUST 1971). https://www.jstor.org/stable/44450082 Tabler, Dave. “The Kentucky Cave Wars.” Appalachian History. 4/19/2017. https://www.appalachianhistory.net/2017/04/kentucky-cave-wars.html Trowbridge, John. “The Kentucky National Guard and the William Floyd Collins Tragedy at Sand Cave.” 2/10/2021. Kentucky National Guard. https://ky.ng.mil/News/Article/2648067/the-kentucky-national-guard-and-the-william-floyd-collins-tragedy-at-sand-cave/ See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The Denver Art Museum is under scrutiny after the Denver Post reported that members from the vast Indigenous community recently claimed the institution "does not seem they are willing to work with tribes,” in regards to returning stolen artifacts. This isn't the first time the museum has been in hot water for an alleged unwillingness to repatriate artifacts — back in April, Alaskan tribes came to the museum to claim lost relics, but left empty handed. Navajo tribal member and comedian Joshua Emerson is back to chat with host Bree Davies about the complexity behind this repatriation law and what it means when the Native community is treated as a monolith. Plus, Joshua gives some insider insight into “¡Casa Bonita Mi Amor!”, the new documentary about the making of the Pink Palace 2.0. Joshua mentioned the DAM's Native Arts Artist-In-Residence program and the creation of the Indigenous Community Advisory Council. History Colorado, the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and the National Parks Service all have additional information on the Native American Graves and Protection and Repatriation Act.  Bree mentioned the DAM's instagram post from over the weekend, as well as our conversation with Sam Tabachnik about his investigative reporting on the museum's connections to the illicit antiquities trade in 2022. For even more news from around the city, subscribe to our morning newsletter Hey Denver at denver.citycast.fm. Follow us on Instagram: @citycastdenver Chat with other listeners on reddit: r/CityCastDenver What do you think? Text or leave us a voicemail with your name and neighborhood, and you might hear it on the show: 720-500-5418‬ Learn more about the sponsors of this episode: Meow Wolf Monarch Casino Pine Melon Looking to advertise on City Cast Denver? Check out our options for podcast and newsletter ads at citycast.fm/advertise Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Maria Ylagan Orosa was born in the Philippines, and she spent her life working to eliminate food insecurity there. She revived the use of locally available ingredients, and wrote recipes that are found in Filipino cuisine today.  Research: "Maria Orosa." Encyclopedia of World Biography Online, Gale, 2023. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/EQFOIO615521998/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=8d615f86. Accessed 17 Apr. 2024. Bentley, Amy. “How Ketchup Revolutionized How Food Is Grown, Processed and Regulated.” Smithsonian. 6/4/2018. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/how-ketchup-revolutionized-how-food-is-grown-processed-regulated-180969230/ Butler, Stephanie. “The Surprisingly Ancient History of Ketchup.” History. 8/15/2023. https://www.history.com/news/ketchup-surprising-ancient-history Campbell, Olivia. “Fighting Colonialism with Food.” Beyond Curie. 3/20/2022. https://oliviacampbell.substack.com/p/fighting-colonialism-with-food Elias, Megan. “The Palate of Power: Americans, Food and the Philippines after the Spanish-American War.” Material Culture, Vol. 46, No. 1, Special Issue: Food as Material Culture (Spring 2014). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24397643 Gandhi, Lakshmi. “Ketchup: The All-American Condiment That Comes From Asia.” 12/3/2013. Code Switch. https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2013/12/02/248195661/ketchup-the-all-american-condiment-that-comes-from-asia Garcia, Evelyn del Rosario and Mario E. Orosa. “The Last Days of Maria Y. Orosa.” http://orosa.org/The%20Last%20Days%20of%20Maria%20Y.%20Orosa.pdf "Grave marker revives interest in WWII heroine Maria Orosa." Philippines Daily Inquirer [Makati City, Philippines], 16 Feb. 2020, p. NA. Gale In Context: Environmental Studies, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A614090024/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=be1e4b8d. Accessed 17 Apr. 2024. Lady Science. “Maria Ylagan Orosa and the Chemistry of Resistance.” 2020. https://www.ladyscience.com/features/maria-ylagan-orosa-chemistry-of-resistance "Maria Y. Orosa: Food hero." Philippines Daily Inquirer [Makati City, Philippines], 21 Dec. 2022, p. NA. Gale In Context: Environmental Studies, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A730825601/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=813ad541. Accessed 17 Apr. 2024. "Maria Y. Orosa: In peace and war." Manila Bulletin, 11 Feb. 2005. Gale In Context: Environmental Studies, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A128362909/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=fb5c5ed3. Accessed 17 Apr. 2024. Mydans, Seth. “Overlooked No More: Maria Orosa, Inventor of Banana Ketchup.” New York Times. 9/29/2022. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/29/obituaries/maria-orosa-overlooked.html National World War II Museum. “July 4, 1946: The Philippines Gained Independence from the United States.” 7/2/2021. https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/july-4-1946-philippines-independence Orosa del Rosario, Helen. “The Recipes of Maria Y. Orosa.” UP Home Economics Foundation. 1970. Pan-Pacific Union. “Food Preservation in the Philippines.” Bulletin, Issues 63-130. https://books.google.com/books?id=yLcVAQAAIAAJ Rampe, Amelia. “She Invented Banana Ketchup & Saved Thousands of Lives. Why Have We Never Heard of Her?” Food52. 3/16/2022. https://food52.com/blog/24700-maria-orosa-profile Republic of the Philippines National Nutrition Council. “The Filipina Nutrition Heroine: Maria Y. Orosa.” 3/2/2020. https://www.nnc.gov.ph/regional-offices/mindanao/region-xi-davao-region/3644-the-filipina-nutrition-heroine-maria-y-orosa Smith, Eliza. “The compleat housewife: or, Accomplish'd gentlewoman's companion.” Williamsburg [Va.]:: Printed and sold by William Parks., 1742. https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?cc=evans;c=evans;idno=N04107.0001.001;node=N04107.0001.001:4;rgn=div1;view=text Springate, Megan E. “Maria Ylagan Orosa.” National Parks Service. https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/maria-ylagan-orosa.htm The Phillipine Herald, Volume 2, Issues 1-3. https://books.google.com/books?id=T2sWAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA2-PA24&dq=maria+orosa&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjk99T7-MuFAxXsrokEHb-MBUA4ChDoAXoECAYQAg#v=onepage&q=maria%20orosa&f=false United States. Bureau of Agricultural Chemistry and Engineering. “Information on soybean milk.” USDA. 1936. https://archive.org/details/CAT31009527 Wester, Peter Johnson. “The Food Plants of the Philippines.” The Philippines Bureau of Printing, 1925. https://books.google.com/books?id=o9FUbKMc4AgC Wiggins, Jasmine. “How Was Ketchup Invented?” National Geographic. 4/21/2024. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/how-was-ketchup-invented Zuras, Matthew. “A History of Ketchup, America's Favorite Condiment.” Epicurious. 6/30/2023. https://www.epicurious.com/ingredients/history-of-ketchup Chuong, Dang Van. “Education in Southeast Asia From the Second Half of the 19th Century to the Early 20th Century.” US-China Education Review B, April 2018, Vol. 8, No. 4. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

This week on the RV Podcast: In the interview of the week, we have practical RV driving tips from an expert on operating, backing up, and navigating mountains and steep hills in an RV. A Massachusetts couple dropped off their RV to get repaired. The dealer then moved the RV to an unsecured parking area down the street, where it was then stolen. The dealer basically shrugged and said it wasn't their problem. We'll explain in the news of the week. Good News! The National Parks Service has abandoned its plan to remove the wild horses from Theodore Roosevelt National Park thanks to public pressure. Plus the latest in RV recalls and your questions coming up in Episode #495 of the RV Podcast

Part two of our episode on Vinnie Ream covers the completion of her first major work, and the rest of her life, which was just as controversial as her early adulthood.  Research: “Andrew Johnson and Reconstruction.” National Parks Service. https://www.nps.gov/anjo/andrew-johnson-and-reconstruction.htm Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Vinnie Ream". Encyclopedia Britannica, 16 Nov. 2023, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Vinnie-Ream “The Case of Miss Vinnie Ream, The Latest National Disgrace.” The Daily Phoenix. June 12, 1868. https://www.newspapers.com/image/72225424/?terms=%22vinnie%20ream%22%20&match=1 “Clark Mills and the Jackson Equestrian Statue (1853–1856).” The Historic New Orleans Collection. https://www.hnoc.org/virtual/andrew-jackson/clark-mills-and-jackson-equestrian-statue-1853%E2%80%931856 Cooper, Edward S. “Vinnie Ream, a American Sculptor.” Academy Chicago Publishers. 2004. “Curious Developments in the House.” The Abingdon Virginian. June 5, 1868. https://www.newspapers.com/image/584634251/?terms=%22vinnie%20ream%22%20&match=1 “The Farragut Statue.” The Portland Daily Press. April 26, 1881. https://www.newspapers.com/image/875207459/?terms=%22Vinnie%20Ream%22%20&match=1 Fling, Sarah. “Philip Reed Enslaved Artisan in the President's Neighborhood.” White House Historical Association. Dec, 8, 2020. https://www.whitehousehistory.org/philip-reed Healy, George Peter Alexander. “Vinnie Ream.” Smithsonian American Art Museum. https://americanart.si.edu/artwork/vinnie-ream-10167 “A Homely Woman's Opinion of a Pretty One.” Leavenworth Times. Sept. 6, 1866. https://www.newspapers.com/image/380121072/?terms=vinnie%20ream&match=1 “Impeachment Trial of President Andrew Johnson, 1868.” United States Senate. https://www.senate.gov/about/powers-procedures/impeachment/impeachment-johnson.htm “The Lincoln Statue.” Chicago Tribune. Aug. 21, 1866. https://www.newspapers.com/image/349536265/?terms=%22vinnie%20ream%22%20&match=1 “Miss Ream's Statue.” The Delaware Gazette. Feb. 17, 1871. https://www.newspapers.com/image/329775503/?terms=%22Vinnie%20Ream%22%20&match=1 “Sequoyah Statue.” Architect of the Capitol. https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/sequoyah-statue Sherwood, Glenn V. “Labor of Love.” Sunshine Press Publications. 1997. “Who is Miss Vinnie Ream?” The Hartford Courant. Aug. 7, 1866. https://www.newspapers.com/image/369077872/?terms=vinnie%20ream&match=1 “Vinnie Ream.” Architect of the Capitol. https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/vinnie-ream “Vinnie Ream.” The Hancock Courier. Feb. 4, 1869. https://www.newspapers.com/image/665444405/?terms=%22vinnie%20ream%22%20&match=1 “Vinnie Ream.” The Portland Daily Press. Aug. 15, 1866. https://www.newspapers.com/image/875123827/?terms=%22vinnie%20ream%22%20&match=1 “Vinnie Ream, the Sculptress.” Times Union. May 16, 1871. https://www.newspapers.com/image/556158224/?terms=%22Vinnie%20Ream%22%20&match=1 “Vinnie Ream's Statue of Lincoln.” The Daily Kansas Tribune. June 11, 1869. https://www.newspapers.com/image/60526282/?terms=%22vinnie%20ream%22%20&match=1 “Vinnie Ream: The Truth of the Romance.” Kansas City Weekly Journal. Feb. 24, 1871. https://www.newspapers.com/image/1025356568/?terms=%22Vinnie%20Ream%22%20&match=1 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Vinnie Ream managed became the first woman to be given an art commission by the U.S. Government when she was still a teenager. Part one covers the controversy that arose as she lobbied for that job. Research: “Andrew Johnson and Reconstruction.” National Parks Service. https://www.nps.gov/anjo/andrew-johnson-and-reconstruction.htm Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Vinnie Ream". Encyclopedia Britannica, 16 Nov. 2023, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Vinnie-Ream “The Case of Miss Vinnie Ream, The Latest National Disgrace.” The Daily Phoenix. June 12, 1868. https://www.newspapers.com/image/72225424/?terms=%22vinnie%20ream%22%20&match=1 “Clark Mills and the Jackson Equestrian Statue (1853–1856).” The Historic New Orleans Collection. https://www.hnoc.org/virtual/andrew-jackson/clark-mills-and-jackson-equestrian-statue-1853%E2%80%931856 Cooper, Edward S. “Vinnie Ream, a American Sculptor.” Academy Chicago Publishers. 2004. “Curious Developments in the House.” The Abingdon Virginian. June 5, 1868. https://www.newspapers.com/image/584634251/?terms=%22vinnie%20ream%22%20&match=1 “The Farragut Statue.” The Portland Daily Press. April 26, 1881. https://www.newspapers.com/image/875207459/?terms=%22Vinnie%20Ream%22%20&match=1 Fling, Sarah. “Philip Reed Enslaved Artisan in the President's Neighborhood.” White House Historical Association. Dec, 8, 2020. https://www.whitehousehistory.org/philip-reed Healy, George Peter Alexander. “Vinnie Ream.” Smithsonian American Art Museum. https://americanart.si.edu/artwork/vinnie-ream-10167 “A Homely Woman's Opinion of a Pretty One.” Leavenworth Times. Sept. 6, 1866. https://www.newspapers.com/image/380121072/?terms=vinnie%20ream&match=1 “Impeachment Trial of President Andrew Johnson, 1868.” United States Senate. https://www.senate.gov/about/powers-procedures/impeachment/impeachment-johnson.htm “The Lincoln Statue.” Chicago Tribune. Aug. 21, 1866. https://www.newspapers.com/image/349536265/?terms=%22vinnie%20ream%22%20&match=1 “Miss Ream's Statue.” The Delaware Gazette. Feb. 17, 1871. https://www.newspapers.com/image/329775503/?terms=%22Vinnie%20Ream%22%20&match=1 “Sequoyah Statue.” Architect of the Capitol. https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/sequoyah-statue Sherwood, Glenn V. “Labor of Love.” Sunshine Press Publications. 1997. “Who is Miss Vinnie Ream?” The Hartford Courant. Aug. 7, 1866. https://www.newspapers.com/image/369077872/?terms=vinnie%20ream&match=1 “Vinnie Ream.” Architect of the Capitol. https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/vinnie-ream “Vinnie Ream.” The Hancock Courier. Feb. 4, 1869. https://www.newspapers.com/image/665444405/?terms=%22vinnie%20ream%22%20&match=1 “Vinnie Ream.” The Portland Daily Press. Aug. 15, 1866. https://www.newspapers.com/image/875123827/?terms=%22vinnie%20ream%22%20&match=1 “Vinnie Ream, the Sculptress.” Times Union. May 16, 1871. https://www.newspapers.com/image/556158224/?terms=%22Vinnie%20Ream%22%20&match=1 “Vinnie Ream's Statue of Lincoln.” The Daily Kansas Tribune. June 11, 1869. https://www.newspapers.com/image/60526282/?terms=%22vinnie%20ream%22%20&match=1 “Vinnie Ream: The Truth of the Romance.” Kansas City Weekly Journal. Feb. 24, 1871. https://www.newspapers.com/image/1025356568/?terms=%22Vinnie%20Ream%22%20&match=1 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Benton MacKaye wanted to be sure that anyone who chose to spend a few hours, a few days, or a few weeks on the trail would have the opportunity to really get away from civilization. However, most of the lands MacKaye hoped to route his future trail through were in private hands, owned either by individuals or corporations. If an Appalachian Trail was really going to be built, then its leaders would have to find a way to reconcile their desire to build a trail with the rights of private landowners.

The National Parks Service is planning to terminate its contract with Aramark, the company that manages lodging, food and other services at Crater Lake under the name Crater Lake Hospitality. The announcement comes after the company received the lowest possible annual rating from the park service last year. Since Aramark took over in 2018, annual reports have documented fuel leaks, sewer overflows, incomplete maintenance projects, food safety issues and more in the park. Unsafe and rodent-infested employee housing has also been a major concern.  Roman Battaglia has been covering this issue as a reporter for Jefferson Public Radio. He joins us with more details on what the reports show and what’s next for the park.

Frederick Douglass, the former slave who escaped, bought his freedom, and went on to change the course of history. Douglass played a pivotal role in making the Emancipation Proclamation a reality, bringing about the Union victory in the civil war, and bringing down the institution of slavery for good.This is the second episode of the Black History Month series. Enjoy!Your listen next list: Should We Celebrate Fourth of July When So Much Needs to Change? on Apple & SpotifyThe War Within Antiracism: Why the Movement is Divided on Apple & SpotifyTo support Marie and get exclusive resources, head to patreon.com/mariebeech. To learn more about Marie's DEI services, head to mariebeecham.com.Sources: Smithsonian, Frederick Douglass (Our American Story); Britannica, Biography of Frederick Douglass; National Parks Service, Frederick Douglass National Historic Site; Freedom Center, Agitation and Activism: The Life and Legacy of Frederick Douglass; Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Frederick Douglass.