Podcasts about j clin epidemiol

We meet Paul Garner (prof. emerit. and one of the founding fathers of Cochrane) and Rebecca Kuehn (Cochrane infectious diseases) for a talk about evidence-based medicine, critical appraisal and all things related to how we interpret and find the "truth" within research.Resources:1.Ioannidis JP. Why most published research findings are false. PLoS Med. 2005;2(8):e124.2.Garner P, Taylor-Robinson D, Sachdev HS. DEVTA: results from the biggest clinical trial ever. Lancet. 2013;381(9876):1439-41.3.Gigerenzer G. Making sense of health statistics. Bull World Health Organ. 2009;87(8):567.4.https://www.badscience.net/2010/07/yeah-well-you-can-prove-anything-with-science/5.de Souza DK, Thomas R, Bradley J, Leyrat C, Boakye DA, Okebe J. Ivermectin treatment in humans for reducing malaria transmission. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021;6(6):CD013117.6.Foy BD, Alout H, Seaman JA, Rao S, Magalhaes T, Wade M, et al. Efficacy and risk of harms of repeat ivermectin mass drug administrations for control of malaria (RIMDAMAL): a cluster-randomised trial. Lancet. 2019;393(10180):1517-26.7.Popp M, Reis S, Schiesser S, Hausinger RI, Stegemann M, Metzendorf MI, et al. Ivermectin for preventing and treating COVID-19. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022;6(6):CD015017.8.Hadinegoro SR, Arredondo-Garcia JL, Capeding MR, Deseda C, Chotpitayasunondh T, Dietze R, et al. Efficacy and Long-Term Safety of a Dengue Vaccine in Regions of Endemic Disease. N Engl J Med. 2015;373(13):1195-206.9.Dans AL, Dans LF, Lansang MAD, Silvestre MAA, Guyatt GH. Controversy and debate on dengue vaccine series-paper 1: review of a licensed dengue vaccine: inappropriate subgroup analyses and selective reporting may cause harm in mass vaccination programs. J Clin Epidemiol. 2018;95:137-9.10. Guyatt G, Oxman AD, Akl EA, Kunz R, Vist G, Brozek J, et al. GRADE guidelines: 1. Introduction-GRADE evidence profiles and summary of findings tables. J Clin Epidemiol. 2011;64(4):383-94.11. https://bestpractice.bmj.com/info/toolkit/learn-ebm/what-is-grade/12.Guyatt G, Vist G, Falck-Ytter Y, Kunz R, Magrini N, Schunemann H. An emerging consensus on grading recommendations? ACP J Club. 2006;144(1):A8-9. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Dr. Ken Milne has been working clinically as an emergency physician for 27 years and is an Associate Professor in the Department of Medicine (Division of Emergency Medicine) and Department of Family Medicine. Dr. Milne is passionate about skepticism and critical thinking. He is the creator of the knowledge translation project, The Skeptics' Guide to Emergency Medicine (TheSGEM). He teachesa evidence-based medicine, clinical epidemiology, critical appraisal and biostatistics at Western University in London, Ontario, and serves as a senior editor of Academic Emergency Medicine. He has no funding from the pharmaceutical or biomedical device industry. Citations · Sackett DL, Rosenberg WM, Gray JA, Haynes RB, Richardson WS. Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn't. BMJ. 1996 Jan 13;312(7023):71-2. doi: 10.1136/bmj.312.7023.71. PMID: 8555924; PMCID: PMC2349778. · Every-Palmer S, Howick J. How evidence-based medicine is failing due to biased trials and selective publication. J Eval Clin Pract. 2014 Dec;20(6):908-14. doi: 10.1111/jep.12147. Epub 2014 May 12. PMID: 24819404. · Ioannidis JP. Evidence-based medicine has been hijacked: a report to David Sackett. J Clin Epidemiol. 2016 May;73:82-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.02.012. Epub 2016 Mar 2. PMID: 26934549. · Guyatt G. Dave Sackett and the ethos of the EBM community. J Clin Epidemiol. 2016 May;73:75-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.02.008. Epub 2016 Mar 2. PMID: 26934550. · Murad MH, Asi N, Alsawas M, Alahdab F. New evidence pyramid. Evid Based Med. 2016 Aug;21(4):125-7. doi: 10.1136/ebmed-2016-110401. Epub 2016 Jun 23. PMID: 27339128; PMCID: PMC4975798. · Smith GC, Pell JP. Parachute use to prevent death and major trauma related to gravitational challenge: systematic review of randomised controlled trials. BMJ. 2003 Dec 20;327(7429):1459-61. doi: 10.1136/bmj.327.7429.1459. PMID: 14684649; PMCID: PMC300808. · Hayes MJ, Kaestner V, Mailankody S, Prasad V. Most medical practices are not parachutes: a citation analysis of practices felt by biomedical authors to be analogous to parachutes. CMAJ Open. 2018 Jan 15;6(1):E31-E38. doi: 10.9778/cmajo.20170088. PMID: 29343497; PMCID: PMC5878948. · Yeh RW, Valsdottir LR, Yeh MW, Shen C, Kramer DB, Strom JB, Secemsky EA, Healy JL, Domeier RM, Kazi DS, Nallamothu BK; PARACHUTE Investigators. Parachute use to prevent death and major trauma when jumping from aircraft: randomized controlled trial. BMJ. 2018 Dec 13;363:k5094. doi: 10.1136/bmj.k5094. Erratum in: BMJ. 2018 Dec 18;363:k5343. PMID: 30545967; PMCID: PMC6298200. --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/healingispossible/support

In this episode, Mo and Marc are joined by special guest Jason Busse (Professor in the Department of Anesthesia at McMaster University, Director of the National Pain Centre, and Associate Director of the Michael G. DeGroote Centre for Medicinal Cannabis Research), in a discussion on research into the relative effectiveness and harms associated with various types of opioids, cannabinoids, and psychedelics in the treatment of chronic pain. Links: Noori A, Sadeghirad B, Wang L, Siemieniuk RAC, Shokoohi M, Kum E, Jeddi M, Montoya L, Hong PJ, Zhou E, Couban RJ, Juurlink DN, Thabane L, Bhandari M, Guyatt GH, Busse JW. Comparative benefits and harms of individual opioids for chronic non-cancer pain: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised trials. Br J Anaesth. 2022 Sep;129(3):394-406. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2022.05.031. Epub 2022 Jul 9. PMID: 35817616. https://bit.ly/3KOtVat Kane RL, Bershadsky B, Rockwood T, Saleh K, Islam NC. Visual Analog Scale pain reporting was standardized. J Clin Epidemiol. 2005 Jun;58(6):618-23. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.11.017. PMID: 15878476. https://bit.ly/3BrSIyd Busse JW, Craigie S, Juurlink DN, Buckley DN, Wang L, Couban RJ, Agoritsas T, Akl EA, Carrasco-Labra A, Cooper L, Cull C, da Costa BR, Frank JW, Grant G, Iorio A, Persaud N, Stern S, Tugwell P, Vandvik PO, Guyatt GH. Guideline for opioid therapy and chronic noncancer pain. CMAJ. 2017 May 8;189(18):E659-E666. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.170363. PMID: 28483845; PMCID: PMC5422149. https://bit.ly/3QhqY3f Subspecialties: Basic Science Education and Training Ethics Foot & Ankle Hand & Wrist Hip Knee Oncology Orthopaedic Essentials Pain Management Rehabilitation Pediatrics Spine Shoulder Elbow Sports Medicine Trauma

Why methods matter in a meta-analysis: a reappraisal showed inconclusive injury preventive effect of Nordic hamstring exercise. Impellizzeri FM, McCall A, van Smeden M. J Clin Epidemiol. 2021;140:111-124. doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2021.09.007 Due to copyright laws, unless the article is open source we cannot legally post the PDF on the website for the world to download at will. Brought to you by CSMi – https://www.humacnorm.com/ptinquest Learn more about/Buy Erik's courses – The Science PT Support us on the Patreons! Music for PT Inquest: “The Science of Selling Yourself Short” by Less Than Jake Used by Permission Other Music by Kevin MacLeod – incompetech.com: MidRoll Promo – Mining by Moonlight

Learn more about/Buy Erik's new course – Foundations of Practice Support us on the Patreons! Feeling reassured after a consultation does not reduce disability or healthcare use in people with acute low back pain: a mediation analysis of a randomised trial. Aidan G Cashin, Hopin Lee, Adrian C Traeger, Markus Hübscher, Ian W Skinner, James H McAuley. J of Physiotherapy. 2021 July;67:197-200. doi: 10.1016/j.jphys.2021.06.007. Epub 2021 Jun 19. An introduction to mediation analyses of randomized controlled trials. Aidan G Cashin, Hopin Lee. J Clin Epidemiol. 2021 May;133:161-164. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2021.02.014. Epub 2021 Feb 15. Due to copyright laws, unless the article is open source we cannot legally post the PDF on the website for the world to download at will. That said, if you are having difficulty obtaining an article, contact us. Music for PT Inquest: “The Science of Selling Yourself Short” by Less Than Jake Used by Permission Other Music by Kevin MacLeod – incompetech.com: MidRoll Promo – Mining by Moonlight

If you’ve ever watched a patient, friend, or family member have a seizure, you know how scary and stressful it can be for everyone involved. It’s even more stressful when you can’t get the seizure to stop - this is called status epilepticus. Usually, benzodiazepines are our first line medication. If benzos don’t work, we all have our favorite second, and even third line agents to try to break seizures. But how well do they really work? Is one better than another? Or safer?  This episode starts with a personal story told by parents of a child who suffers from epilepsy. Then we welcome guest host, Dr. Jason Woods of the Little Big Med podcast, to help us answer these questions. Dr. Jim Chamberlain is the pediatric principal investigator for the ESETT trial, in which he and his colleagues studied three common second line anti epileptic medications. He shares some of the novel statistical methods they used and the results that were recently published in the New England Journal of Medicine. Then we speak with our own Dr. Daniel Nishijima, general EM physician and site Co-PI for the trial, about the implications for adults and how the results have (or have not?) changed his practice.   What are your favorite first and second line medications for status epilepticus? When do you decide to intubate? We’d love to hear how you practice. Connect with us on social media, @empulsepodcast, or at ucdavisem.com.  *** Registration is still open for the 43rd annual UC Davis Emergency Medicine Winter Conference, February 24th-29th at the Ritz Carlton in Lake Tahoe! *** Hosts: Dr. Julia Magaña, Assistant Professor of Pediatric Emergency Medicine at UC Davis Dr. Sarah Medeiros, Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine at UC Davis Dr. Jason Woods, Assistant Professor of Pediatric Emergency Medicine at Children’s Hospital Colorado, Host of the Little Big Med podcast Guests: Dr. Jim Chamberlain, Professor of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine at George Washington University and Children’s National Hospital, Pediatric Principal Investigator for the ESETT trial Dr. Daniel Nishijima, Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine at UC Davis, Site Co-Pricipal Investigator for the ESETT trial Resources: SAEM seizure and status epilepticus resources Kapur J, Elm J, Chamberlain J, et al. Randomized Trial of Three Anticonvulsant Medications for Status Epilepticus. N Engl J Med. 2019;381(22):2103-2113. Little Big Med Podcast Glauser T, Shinnar S, Gloss D, et al. Evidence-based guideline: treatment of convulsive status epilepticus in children and adults: report of the Guideline Committee of the American Epilepsy Society. Epilepsy Curr 2016;16: 48–61.  Dalziel SR, Borland ML, Furyk J, et al. Levetiracetam versus phenytoin for second-line treatment of convulsive status epilepticus in children (ConSEPT): an open-label, multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2019; published online April 17. Lyttle MD, Rainford NEA, Gamble C, et al. Levetiracetam versus phenytoin for second-line treatment of paediatric convulsive status epilepticus (EcLiPSE): a multicentre, open-label, randomised trial. Lancet 2019; published online April 17. Connor JT, Elm JJ, Broglio KR, ESETT and ADAPT-IT Investigators. Bayesian adaptive trials offer advantages in comparative effectiveness trials: an example in status epilepticus J Clin Epidemiol 2013;  Zaccara G, Giannasi G, Oggioni R, et al. Challenges in the treatment of convulsive status epilepticus. Seizure. 2017;47:17-24.  Ilvento L, Rosati A, Marini C, L’Erario M, Mirabile L, Guerrini R. Ketamine in refractory convulsive status epilepticus in children avoids endotracheal intubation. Epilepsy Behav. 2015;49:343-346.  Niquet J, Baldwin R, Norman K, Suchomelova L, Lumley L, Wasterlain C. Midazolam-ketamine dual therapy stops cholinergic status epilepticus and reduces Morris water maze deficits. Epilepsia. 2016;57(9):1406-1415.  ***

Episode 282 brings you the COMPLETE guide on metformin! Every possible interaction, MoA, and question has been answered and summarized here on this episode! My goal for this is to truly summarize the full picture of metformin as too many people demonize it for reasons that literally are so insignificant, they should barely even be paid a notice. So with that in mind, get your notepads ready, this one is FULL of information! And yes, a few references for those of you that wish to read further!   REFERENCES 1. Lamanna C, Monami M, Marchionni N, Mannucci E. Effect of metformin on cardiovascular events and mortality: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2011;13(3):221–228. [PubMed] 2. Franciosi M, Lucisano G, Lapice E, Strippoli GF, Pellegrini F, Nicolucci A. Metformin therapy and risk of cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes: systematic review. PLoS One. 2013;8(8):e71583. [PMC free article] [PubMed] 3. Cohen RD, Woods HF. Clinical and biochemical aspects of lactic acidosis. Philadelphia: Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1976. 4. Metformin hydrochoride. Boxed warning. [October 6, 2015]. Available at: https://dailymed​.nlm​.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl​.cfm?setid​=b8004451-7b26-425b-b5ea-cbb1b08e30e3&type=display. 5. Inzucchi SE, Lipska KJ, Mayo H, Bailey CJ, McGuire DK. Metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease: a systematic review. JAMA. 2014;312(24):2668–2675. [PMC free article] [PubMed] 6. Gan SC, Barr J, Arieff AI, Pearl RG. Biguanide-associated lactic acidosis. Case report and review of the literature. Arch Intern Med. 1992;152(11):2333–2336. [PubMed] 7. Goergen SK, Rumbold G, Compton G, Harris C. Systematic review of current guidelines, and their evidence base, on risk of lactic acidosis after administration of contrast medium for patients receiving metformin. Radiology. 2010;254(1):261–269. [PubMed] 8. Kajbaf F, Arnouts P, de Broe M, Lalau JD. Metformin therapy and kidney disease: a review of guidelines and proposals for metformin withdrawal around the world. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2013;22(10):1027–1035.[PubMed] 9. Calabrese AT, Coley KC, DaPos SV, Swanson D, Rao RH. Evaluation of prescribing practices: risk of lactic acidosis with metformin therapy. Arch Intern Med. 2002;162(4):434–437. [PubMed] 10. Emslie-Smith AM, Boyle DI, Evans JM, Sullivan F, Morris AD. Contraindications to metformin therapy in patients with Type 2 diabetes--a population-based study of adherence to prescribing guidelines. Diabet Med. 2001;18(6):483–488. [PubMed] 11. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA revises warnings regarding use of the diabetes medicine metformin in certain patients with reduced kidney function. [June 16, 2016]. Available at: http://www​.fda.gov/Drugs​/DrugSafety/ucm493244.htm. 12. Stevens LA, Coresh J, Greene T, Levey AS. Assessing kidney function—measured and estimated glomerular filtration rate. N Engl J Med. 2006;354(23):2473–2483. [PubMed] 13. Inzucchi SE, Bergenstal RM, Buse JB, et al. Management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes, 2015: a patient-centred approach. Update to a position statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabtologia. 2015;58(3):429–442. [PubMed] 14. KDOQI Clinical Practice Guideline for Diabetes and CKD: 2012 Update. Am J Kidney Dis. 2012;60(5):850–886. [PubMed] 15. Flory JH, Hennessy S. Metformin use reduction in mild to moderate renal impairment: possible inappropriate curbing of use based on food and drug administration contraindications. JAMA Intern Med. 2015;175(3):458–459. [PubMed] 16. Salpeter SR, Greyber E, Pasternak GA, Salpeter EE. Risk of fatal and nonfatal lactic acidosis with metformin use in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(4) CD002967. [PubMed] 17. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. [October 20, 2015]. Available at: http://www​.oecd.org/about​/membersandpartners​/list-oecd-member-countries.htm. 18. Eurich DT, Weir DL, Majumdar SR, et al. Comparative safety and effectiveness of metformin in patients with diabetes mellitus and heart failure: systematic review of observational studies involving 34,000 patients. Circ Heart Fail. 2013;6(3):395–402. [PubMed] 19. Levey AS, Bosch JP, Lewis JB, Greene T, Rogers N, Roth D. A more accurate method to estimate glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine: a new prediction equation. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group. Ann Intern Med. 1999;130(6):461–470. [PubMed] 20. Levey AS, Stevens LA, Schmid CH, et al. A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150(9):604–612. [PMC free article] [PubMed] 21. Higgins JP, Altman DG, Gotzsche PC, et al. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ. 2011;343:d5928. [PMC free article] [PubMed] 22. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Methods Guide for Effectiveness and Comparative Effectiveness Reviews. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; [October 6, 2015]. Available at: http://www​.effectivehealthcare​.ahrq.gov/index​.cfm/search-for-guides-reviews-and-reports​/?pageaction=displayproduct&productid=318. 23. Santaguida PL, Raina P, Ismaila P. The Development of the McHarm Quality Assessment Scale for adverse events. 2012 24. Viswanathan M, Ansari M, Berkman N. Methods Guide for Effectiveness and Comparative Effectiveness Reviews. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); Mar 8, 2012. [October 6, 2015]. Assessing the Risk of Bias of Individual Studies in Systematic Reviews of Health Care Interventions. [Internet] 2008-. Available from: http://www​.ncbi.nlm.nih​.gov/books/NBK91433/ 25. Andersson C, Olesen JB, Hansen PR, et al. Metformin treatment is associated with a low risk of mortality in diabetic patients with heart failure: a retrospective nationwide cohort study. Diabetologia. 2010;53(12):2546–2553. [PubMed] 26. Eurich DT, Majumdar SR, McAlister FA, Tsuyuki RT, Johnson JA. Improved clinical outcomes associated with metformin in patients with diabetes and heart failure. Diabetes Care. 2005;28(10):2345–2351. [PubMed] 27. Weir DL, McAlister FA, Senthilselvan A, Minhas-Sandhu JK, Eurich DT. Sitagliptin use in patients with diabetes and heart failure: a population-based retrospective cohort study. JACC Heart Fail. 2014;2(6):573–582. [PubMed] 28. Wang Z. Converting odds ratio to relative risk in cohort studies with partial data information. Journal of Statistical Software. 2013;55(5):1–11. 29. Dechartres A, Altman DG, Trinquart L, Boutron I, Ravaud P. Association between analytic strategy and estimates of treatment outcomes in meta-analyses. JAMA. 2014;312(6):623–630. [PubMed] 30. DerSimonian R, Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Control Clin Trials. 1986;7(3):177–188. [PubMed] 31. Knapp G, Hartung J. Improved tests for a random effects meta-regression with a single covariate. Stat Med. 2003;22(17):2693–2710. [PubMed] 32. Balshem H, Helfand M, Schunemann HJ, et al. GRADE guidelines: 3. Rating the quality of evidence. J Clin Epidemiol. 2011;64(4):401–406. [PubMed] 33. Richy FF, Sabido-Espin M, Guedes S, Corvino FA, Gottwald-Hostalek U. Incidence of lactic acidosis in patients with type 2 diabetes with and without renal impairment treated with metformin: a retrospective cohort study. Diabetes Care. 2014;37(8):2291–2295. [PubMed] 34. Eppenga WL, Lalmohamed A, Geerts AF, et al. Risk of lactic acidosis or elevated lactate concentrations in metformin users with renal impairment: a population-based cohort study. Diabetes Care. 2014;37(8):2218–2224. [PubMed] 35. Romero SP, Andrey JL, Garcia-Egido A, et al. Metformin therapy and prognosis of patients with heart failure and new-onset diabetes mellitus. A propensity-matched study in the community. Int J Cardiol. 2013;166(2):404–412. [PubMed] 36. Ito H, Ohno Y, Yamauchi T, Kawabata Y, Ikegami H. Efficacy and safety of metformin for treatment of type 2 diabetes in elderly Japanese patients. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2011;11(1):55–62. [PubMed] 37. Sterner G, Elmståhl S, Frid A, et al. Renal function in a large cohort of metformin treated patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. British Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease. 2012;12(5):227–231. 38. Zhang X, Harmsen WS, Mettler TA, et al. Continuation of metformin use after a diagnosis of cirrhosis significantly improves survival of patients with diabetes. Hepatology. 2014;60(6):2008–2016. [PMC free article] [PubMed] 39. Becquemont L, Bauduceau B, Benattar-Zibi L, et al. Cardiovascular Drugs and Metformin Drug Dosage According to Renal Function in Non-Institutionalized Elderly Patients. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2015[PubMed] 40. Ekström N, Schiöler L, Svensson AM, et al. Effectiveness and safety of metformin in 51 675 patients with type 2 diabetes and different levels of renal function: A cohort study from the Swedish National Diabetes Register. BMJ Open. 2012;2:4. Article Number: e001076. [PMC free article] [PubMed] 41. Aguilar D, Chan W, Bozkurt B, Ramasubbu K, Deswal A. Metformin use and mortality in ambulatory patients with diabetes and heart failure. Circulation: Heart Failure. 2011;4(1):53–58. [PMC free article] [PubMed] 42. Masoudi FA, Inzucchi SE, Wang Y, Havranek EP, Foody JM, Krumholz HM. Thiazolidinediones, metformin, and outcomes in older patients with diabetes and heart failure: an observational study. Circulation. 2005;111(5):583–590. [PubMed] 43. Morgan CL, Mukherjee J, Jenkins-Jones S, Holden SE, Currie CJ. Association between first-line monotherapy with sulphonylurea versus metformin and risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events: a retrospective, observational study. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2014;16(10):957–962. [PubMed] 44. Roussel R, Travert F, Pasquet B, et al. Metformin use and mortality among patients with diabetes and atherothrombosis. Arch Intern Med. 2010;170(21):1892–1899. [PubMed] 45. Evans JM, Doney AS, AlZadjali MA, et al. Effect of Metformin on mortality in patients with heart failure and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Cardiol. 2010;106(7):1006–1010. [PubMed] 46. Inzucchi SE, Masoudi FA, Wang Y, et al. Insulin-sensitizing antihyperglycemic drugs and mortality after acute myocardial infarction: insights from the National Heart Care Project. Diabetes Care. 2005;28(7):1680–1689. [PubMed] 47. Shah DD, Fonarow GC, Horwich TB. Metformin therapy and outcomes in patients with advanced systolic heart failure and diabetes. J Card Fail. 2010;16(3):200–206. [PMC free article] [PubMed] 48. Tinetti ME, McAvay G, Trentalange M, Cohen AB, Allore HG. Association between guideline recommended drugs and death in older adults with multiple chronic conditions: population based cohort study. BMJ. 2015;351:h4984. [PMC free article] [PubMed] 49. Ampuero J, Ranchal I, Nunez D, et al. Metformin inhibits glutaminase activity and protects against hepatic encephalopathy. PloS One. 2012;7(11):e49279. [PMC free article] [PubMed] 50. Nkontchou G, Cosson E, Aout M, et al. Impact of metformin on the prognosis of cirrhosis induced by viral hepatitis C in diabetic patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96(8):2601–2608. [PubMed] 51. Blonde L, Rosenstock J, Mooradian AD, Piper BA, Henry D. Glyburide/metformin combination product is safe and efficacious in patients with type 2 diabetes failing sulphonylurea therapy. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2002;4(6):368–375. [PubMed] 52. Cryer DR, Nicholas SP, Henry DH, Mills DJ, Stadel BV. Comparative outcomes study of metformin intervention versus conventional approach the COSMIC Approach Study. Diabetes Care. 2005;28(3):539–543. [PubMed] 53. Garber AJ, Larsen J, Schneider SH, Piper BA, Henry D. Simultaneous glyburide/metformin therapy is superior to component monotherapy as an initial pharmacological treatment for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2002;4(3):201–208. [PubMed] 54. Gregorio F, Ambrosi F, Manfrini S, et al. Poorly controlled elderly Type 2 diabetic patients: the effects of increasing sulphonylurea dosages or adding metformin. Diabet Med. 1999;16(12):1016–1024. [PubMed] 55. Hanefeld M, Brunetti P, Schernthaner GH, Matthews DR, Charbonnel BH. One-year glycemic control with a sulfonylurea plus pioglitazone versus a sulfonylurea plus metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004;27(1):141–147. [PubMed] 56. Marre M, Howlett H, Lehert P, Allavoine T. Improved glycaemic control with metformin-glibenclamide combined tablet therapy (Glucovance) in Type 2 diabetic patients inadequately controlled on metformin. Diabet Med. 2002;19(8):673–680. [PubMed] 57. Schweizer A, Dejager S, Bosi E. Comparison of vildagliptin and metformin monotherapy in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes: a 24-week, double-blind, randomized trial. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2009;11(8):804–812.[PubMed] 58. Bannister CA, Holden SE, Jenkins-Jones S, et al. Can people with type 2 diabetes live longer than those without? A comparison of mortality in people initiated with metformin or sulphonylurea monotherapy and matched, non-diabetic controls. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2014;16(11):1165–1173. [PubMed] 59. Bodmer M, Meier C, Krahenbuhl S, Jick SS, Meier CR. Metformin, sulfonylureas, or other antidiabetes drugs and the risk of lactic acidosis or hypoglycemia: a nested case-control analysis. Diabetes Care. 2008;31(11):2086–2091. [PMC free article] [PubMed] 60. Huizinga MM, Roumie CL, Greevy RA, et al. Glycemic and weight changes after persistent use of incident oral diabetes therapy: a Veterans Administration retrospective cohort study. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2010;19(11):1108–1112. [PubMed] 61. Leung S, Mattman A, Snyder F, Kassam R, Meneilly G, Nexo E. Metformin induces reductions in plasma cobalamin and haptocorrin bound cobalamin levels in elderly diabetic patients. Clin Biochem. 2010;43(9):759–760. [PubMed] 62. Roumie CL, Hung AM, Greevy RA, et al. Comparative effectiveness of sulfonylurea and metformin monotherapy on cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2012;157(9):601–610. [PMC free article] [PubMed] 63. Wang CP, Lorenzo C, Espinoza SE. Frailty Attenuates the Impact of Metformin on Reducing Mortality in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes. J Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2014;2(2) [PMC free article] [PubMed] 64. Tzoulaki I, Molokhia M, Curcin V, et al. Risk of cardiovascular disease and all cause mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes prescribed oral antidiabetes drugs: retrospective cohort study using UK general practice research database. BMJ. 2009;339:b4731. [PMC free article] [PubMed] 65. American Diabetes Association. Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes--2016. [June 30, 2016]. Available at: http://care​.diabetesjournals​.org/content/39/Supplement_1. 66. Bolen S, Tseng E, Hutfless S, et al. Diabetes Medications for Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: An Update.Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2016. AHRQ Comparative Effectiveness Reviews. 67. Inzucchi SE, Bergenstal RM, Buse JB, et al. Management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes, 2015: a patient-centered approach: update to a position statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2015;38(1):140–149. [PubMed] 68. Tuot DS, Lin F, Shlipak MG, et al. Potential impact of prescribing metformin according to eGFR rather than serum creatinine. Diabetes Care. 2015;38(11):2059–2067. [PMC free article] [PubMed] 69. Palmer SC, Mavridis D, Nicolucci A, et al. Comparison of Clinical Outcomes and Adverse Events Associated With Glucose-Lowering Drugs in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-analysis. Jama. 2016;316(3):313–324. [PubMed] 70. MacDonald MR, Eurich DT, Majumdar SR, et al. Treatment of type 2 diabetes and outcomes in patients with heart failure: a nested case-control study from the U.K. General Practice Research Database. Diabetes Care. 2010;33(6):1213–1218. [PMC free article] [PubMed] 71. U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Office of Research & Development. VA CSP Study No. 597: Diuretic Comparison Project. [August 29, 2016]. Available at: http://www​.research.va​.gov/programs/csp/597/ 72. Canadian Diabetes Association. Clinical Practice Guidelines: Pharmacotherapy for Type 2 Diabetes. [June 30, 2016]. Available at: http://guidelines​.diabetes​.ca/bloodglucoselowering​/pharmacologyt2-(1) 73. Gong L, Goswami S, Giacomini KM, Altman RB, Klein TE. Metformin pathways: pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2012;22(11):820–827. [PMC free article] [PubMed] 74. Weir MA, Gomes T, Mamdani M, et al. Impaired renal function modifies the risk of severe hypoglycaemia among users of insulin but not glyburide: a population-based nested case-control study. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2011;26(6):1888–1894. 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The first population study in history was born out of a dramatic debate involving leeches, “medical vampires,” professional rivalries, murder accusations, and, of course, bloodletting, all in the backdrop of the French Revolution. The second of a multipart series on the development of population medicine, this episode contextualizes Pierre Louis’ “numerical method,” his famous trial on bloodletting, and the birth of a new way for doctors to “know”. Plus a brand new #AdamAnswers about Occam’s razor and Hickam’s Dictum. All this and more on Episode 38 of Bedside Rounds, a tiny podcast about fascinating stories in clinical medicine! To claim CME and MOC credit, please go to www.acponline.org/BedsideRounds.   Best M and Neuhauser D, “Pierre Charles Alexandre Louis: Master of the spirit of mathematical clinical science,” Qual Saf Health Care 2005;14:462–464. Duffin J, “Laennec and Broussias: The ‘Sympathetic’ Duel,” from La Berge A and Hannaway C, Paris Medicine: Perspective Past and Present. (1977) The French Revolution: A Revolution in Medicine, Too, Hospital Practice, 12:11, 127-138 Hillard A, et al. “Occam’s Razor versus Saint’s Triad, N Engl J Med 2004;350:599-603. Lo Re V 3rd, Bellini LM, William of Occam and Occam's razor. Ann Intern Med. 2002 Apr 16;136(8):634-5. Kirk GW and Pemberton N. Leech, 2013 Kirk GW and Pemberton N, Re-imagining Bleeders: The Medical Leech in the Nineteenth Century Bloodletting Encounter. Med Hist. 2011 Jul; 55(3): 355–360. La Berge A and Hannaway C, Paris Medicine: Perspective Past and Present. Louis PCA. Researches On The Effects Of Bloodletting In Some Inflammatory Diseases. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, 1836. Morabia A. PCA Louis and the birth of clinical epidemiology. J Clin Epidemiol 1996;49: 1327-33 Morabia A, Pierre-Charles-Alexandre Louis and the evaluation of bloodletting. J R Soc Med. 2006 Mar; 99(3): 158–160. Niehyl PH. The English bloodletting revolution, or modem medicine before 1950. Bull Hist Med 1977; 51, pp. 464-483. Papavramidou N and Christopolou-Aletra H, Medicinal use of leeches in the texts of ancient Greek, Roman and early Byzantine writers. Intern Med J. 2009 Sep;39(9):624-7. “Suckers for Success,” Nature volume 484, page 416 (26 April 2012). “Walter Chatton,” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, retrieved from: https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/walter-chatton/ Wardrop D, “Ockham’s Razor: sharpen or re-sheathe?” J R Soc Med. 2008 Feb; 101(2): 50–51.

How much of an improvement would you need to see in order to feel that physiotherapy was going to be worthwhile for your low back, neck, or shoulder pain? This is the question that this study examines and that is discussed in this episode. Also Sandy considers opening a steak restaurant. The smallest worthwhile effect of primary care physiotherapy did not differ across musculoskeletal pain sites. Christiansen DH, de Vos Andersen NB, Poulsen PH, Ostelo RW. J Clin Epidemiol. 2018 May 28. pii: S0895-4356(17)31379-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.05.019. [Epub ahead of print] Due to copyright laws, unless the article is open sourcewe cannot legally post the PDF on the website for the world to download at will. That said, if you are having difficulty obtaining an article, contact us. Music by Kevin MacLeod - incompetech.com: Intro - Brandenburg No4 and Meatball Parade Close - Meatball Parade

Fri, 22 Sep 2017 08:45:30 +0000 https://evidenzbasierte-pharmazie.podigee.io/45-ebpharm-magazin-im-september c148ddd140a202dd193ff0beef5f72e2 In der Rubrik „Evidenzbasierte Pharmazie in der Praxis“ gibt es wieder Hinweise zu verfügbaren evidenzbasierten Informationen, die sich besonders gut für die Beratung in der Selbstmedikation nutzen lassen. Neues gibt es bei medizin-transparent, im Patientenportal des IQWiG und in der Cochrane Library. In der Reihe zu epidemiologischen Studien geht es dieses Mal um Adjustierung. Und weitere interessante Neuigkeiten finden Sie im Blick „Über den Tellerrand“, dieses Mal unter anderem mit Podcasts von der "Preventing Overdiagnosis"-Konferenz. Noch mehr Hintergrundinformationen gibt es auf meinem Blog. Links zu evidenzbasierten Informationen für die OTC-Beratung Informationen auf gesundheitsinformation.de * Nikotin-Ersatztherapie * Akute Bronchitis Neues bei medizin-transparent: * Ingwer gegen Übelkeit * Vitamin C zur Erkältungsprophylaxe * Teebaumöl gegen Pickel Aktuelle Cochrane Reviews * Prävention der altersbedingten Makula-Degeneration (AMD) mit Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln * Nahrungsergänzungsmittel zum Aufhalten der Progression einer AMD * Deutschsprachige Zusammenfassung beider Reviews auf medizin-transparent Mehr Infos zu "Evidenzbasierte Pharmazie auf den Punkt" (Adjustierung in epidemiologischen Studien) Ressing et al. Auswertung epidemiologischer Studien. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2010; 107(11): 187–92 Kuss et al. Propensity Score – eine alternative Methode zur Analyse von Therapieeffekten. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2016; 113: 597–603 Tripepi et al. Stratification for Confounding – Part 1: The Mantel-Haenszel Formula. Nephron Clin Pract 2010;116:c317–c321 Tripepi et al. Stratification for Confounding – Part 2: Direct and Indirect Standardization. Nephron Clin Pract 2010;116:c322–c325 Agoritsas et al. Adjusted Analyses in Studies Addressing Therapy and Harm: Users' Guides to the Medical Literature. JAMA. 2017 Feb 21;317(7):748-759 Streeter A et al. Adjusting for unmeasured confounding in nonrandomized longitudinal studies: a methodological review. J Clin Epidemiol 2017; 87:23-34 Links zu "Über den Tellerrand" App MedBusters MOOCs zu Studien und Methoden Podcasts zu Preventing Overdiagnosis Krebsfrüherkennung (PZ-Titel) Musik Ausschnitte aus „I dunno“ von grapes, unter CC BY 3.0 Dieses Werk ist lizenziert unter einer Creative Commons Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International Lizenz. 45 full no Dr. Iris Hinneburg

Mon, 22 Aug 2016 10:39:17 +0000 https://evidenzbasierte-pharmazie.podigee.io/32-ebpharm-magazin-im-august 1769988076836cd7d6e31804b3159a1f In der Rubrik „Evidenzbasierte Pharmazie in der Praxis“ gibt es wieder Hinweise zu verfügbaren evidenzbasierten Informationen, die sich besonders gut für die Beratung in der Selbstmedikation nutzen lassen. Neues gibt es ibei medizin-transparent, Gute Pillen-Schlechte Pillen und im Patientenportal des IQWiG. In unserer Reihe zu systematischen Übersichtsarbeiten geht es dieses Mal um das Problem des Publikationsbias. Und weitere interessante Neuigkeiten finden Sie im Blick „Über den Tellerrand“ Noch mehr Hintergrundinformationen finden sich auf meinem Blog. Links zu evidenzbasierten Informationen für die OTC-Beratung Beiträge bei Medizin-transparent Süßstoffe und Übergewicht Süßstoffe und Diabetes Rotwein Kochsalz Omega-3-Fettsäuren Gute Pillen - Schlechte Pillen: Hype um Kokosöl IQWiG-Patienteninformation zu Akne Links zu "Evidenzbasierte Pharmazie auf den Punkt" (systematische Reviews) Cochrane Handbook Kapitel 10, Addressing reporting biases Chan A. Out of sight but not out of mind: how to search for unpublished clinical trial evidence. BMJ 2012;344:d8013 Anderson et al. Compliance with Results Reporting at ClinicalTrials.gov. N Engl J Med 2015; 372:1031-1039 Huic et al. Completeness and changes in registered data and reporting bias of randomized controlled trials in ICMJE journals after trial registration policy. PLoS One. 2011;6(9):e25258 Wager et al. “Hardly worth the effort”? Medical journals’ policies and their editors’ and publishers’ views on trial registration and publication bias: quantitative and qualitative study. BMJ 2013;347:f5248 Hooft et al. Endorsement of ICMJE's Clinical Trial Registration Policy: a survey among journal editors. Neth J Med. 2014 Sep;72(7):349-55. Müller et al. Methods for detecting, quantifying and adjusting for dissemination bias in meta-analysis are described. J Clin Epidemiol 2016 (online vorab) Sterne et al. Investigating and dealing with publication and other biases in meta-analysis. BMJ 2001;323:101-5. Sterne et al. Recommendations for examining and interpreting funnel plot asymmetry in meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials. BMJ. 2011; 343:d4002 AllTrials COMPare OPEN Projekt zu Disseminationsbias Links zu "Über den Tellerrand" Evidenz-Sprechstunde zu Früherkennungsuntersuchungen EbM-Kongress Seminare und Vortrag zur evidenzbasierten Pharmazie Musik Ausschnitte aus „I dunno“ von grapes, unter CC BY 3.0 Dieses Werk ist lizenziert unter einer Creative Commons Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International Lizenz. 32 full no Dr. Iris Hinneburg

When treatments don't seem to work for a diagnosis we will often try to see if they work for particular subgroups. Sure, that's a thing, but that is a very difficult thing to determine that demands a very specific process. How have we done with subgroup analysis regarding low back pain? Have JW and Erik found the Ultimate Prime Number?! A systematic review reveals that the credibility of subgroup claims in low back pain trials was low. Saragiotto BT, Maher CG, Moseley AM, Yamato TP, Koes BW, Sun X, Hancock MJ. J Clin Epidemiol. 2016 Jun 10. pii: S0895-4356(16)30174-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.06.003. [Epub ahead of print] Due to copyright laws, unless the article is open source we cannot legally post the PDF on the website for the world to download at will. That said, if you are having difficulty obtaining an article, contact us. Music for PT Inquest: "The Science of Selling Yourself Short" by Less Than Jake Used by Permission