Podcasts about occam

Ep. 279, Recorded 7/1/2025. Flummoxed. Sports news for Yvonne. A Credit Card Furor. Brick-centric. Beloved Dukes. Occam's Cat. Keep on walking. Health Violations. No F1 wet-suit moments. Dewayne goes Ad-Free. Todd goes car shopping.

Rachel discusses the principle of Occam's razor, inspiring us to simplify our lives.Skylight Calendar

(00:00-17:47) Hello Libby Jack. Cape Cod or Lake of the Ozarks? Tales from The Cape. Little House on the Prairie. Turf jockeys. Pay what you can breakfasts. Chris Zimmerman and Steve Chapman from the Blues on today unveiling the new Blues sweaters. Iggy wore white to the Plow Wedding. Always check in with Rusty Pecker before life decisions. We're just looking for quality starts.(17:55-37:34) Series off to a good start against the Cubs. Great start from LIberatore. Four homerun mash-up. They're not happy with Martin's camera on the YouTube stream. Audio of Oli Marmol on the offensive approach last night. Attendance still not great last night. Burly's TMA bump. Throwed rolls.(37:43-48:28) Always winter in his nostrils. Contreras raking against the Cubs since joining the Cardinals. Never too many catchers. Occam's Razor, Doug. Audio of Lars Nootbaar talking about mindset playing the Cubs. Big Dumper with See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Brotherhood is more than skin-deep. After Alex's family is killed by the Ku Klux Klan during the Great Depression, he takes refuge in the barn of a nearby dairy farm. The family that owns the dairy, including their young son Pete, take in Alex and raise the boys together. Pete and Alex consider themselves brothers and together they navigate the Jim Crow racial intolerance of the rural South. Tune in for an inspiring discussion with Roger Newman on his Nautilus award-winning book Boys: A Novel, based on a true story.  Moments with Marianne airs in the Southern California area on KMET 1490AM & 98.1 FM, an ABC Talk News Radio Affiliate!  https://www.kmet1490am.comIn addition to Boys which is based on a true story, Roger Newman is the author of a series of medical thrillers: Occam's Razor, Two Drifters, and What Becomes; and a Civil War historical fiction novel Will O' the Wisp: Madness, War, and Recompense. He is a professor of obstetrics and gynecology, specializing in the care of women with multiple gestations. He has authored two hundred scientific papers, a dozen book chapters, and the award-winning and bestselling When You're Expecting Twins, Triplets, or Quads; Fourth Edition. He served as the national president for the Society forMaternal-Fetal Medicine and has been voted by his peers as one of the “Best Doctors in America” for thirty consecutive years. He and his wife, Diane, live on the Ashley River in Charleston, South Carolina. https://rogerbnewman.com Order Boys on Amazon: https://a.co/d/9exs9vCFor more show information visit: www.MariannePestana.com

This is a free preview of a paid episode. To hear more, visit www.theflyingfrisby.comI am travelling to the bitcoin conference in Prague this week - come say hi if you're there - so you are likely to get a lot of bitcoin-related content over the next fortnight, as I re-indoctrinate myself.Indeed, we are talking bitcoin and gold today — and we start with this.The Bitcoin Treasury BoomUK-listed Coinsilium (AQUIS:COIN), as flagged last Sunday, is jumping on the bitcoin treasury bandwagon. It has risen over 600% in the 10 days since I covered it. It was 6p. Now it's over 40p. Its market cap it £135 million. It only owns 25 bitcoins. (Worth around £2 million).Nuts. But there you go.I have taken my original stake off the table. I'll let the rest run, as I think it will. Its recently announced placement was four times oversubscribed.Bitcoin treasury companies are the new sh1tcoins. There will soon be more of them than there are sh1tcoins, the way things are going. It will probably all end in tears - for which we will have the FCA to thank, because it has outlawed investors from buying bitcoin ETFs and the like - but, while the music is playing, we dance. The other possibility, of course, is that productive companies follow the zombie company lead, at which point the entire corporate financial model changes. Every company becoms a bitcoin treasury company. I actually think there's a good chance of this happening, and I'll explain why in a moment.But let me just remind you — and myself — that owning a bitcoin treasury company is not the same as owning bitcoin. It's a speculation, a substitute, but it's not the same.(BTW I bought some bitcoin with Revolut the other day, and I found the process very simple - though I quickly sent the money to another, safer wallet. Strike and CoinCorner are other UK options.)The non-US bitcoin treasury plays are doing better than the US, which is interesting. Strategy (NASDAQ:MSTR) and Semler (NASDAQ:SMLR), for example, are not moving. (They will if bitcoin breaks to new highs above $110,000, as it is trying to do, but for now it's all about the UK and Japan, and the dumb regulations that have created this situation).Gold Is Now Number TwoThis week has seen something of a landmark development, meanwhile. Gold has overtaken the euro to become the second-most held asset by central banks. 20% of central bank reserves are now held in gold, against 16% in euros.Also of considerable note — and largely unreported — US dollar holdings have fallen below 50% for the first time in almost 30 years. They now sit at 46%. De-dollarisation is happening, folks, right in front of our eyes.If you are enjoying this post, please like it, share it and all that stuff. Thank you.This 20% gold figure compares with just 10% ten years ago. I've little doubt this will double again over the next 10 years - and we'll be at 40%.Even ECB Chief Lizard, Christine Lagarde, has noticed. “The accumulation of gold by central banks continued at a record pace,” she says. “Some countries have been actively exploring alternatives to traditional cross-border payment systems.”That last sentence is telling. It further confirms what we all knew was happening. It's not just as a store of value that the US dollar's central role is subsiding, but as a medium of exchange.Gold is reclaiming its historical role as a core international holding. Make sure you own some.If you are buying gold or silver to protect yourself in these ‘interesting' times, the dealer I use and recommend is the Pure Gold Company. Pricing is competitive, quality of service is high. They deliver to the UK, the US, Canada and Europe or you can store your gold with them. Find out more here.In the same press release Lagarde says:“Offering solutions for settling wholesale financial transactions recorded on distributed ledger technology platforms in central bank money will increase the efficiency of European financial markets and the global appeal of the euro.”That's reptilian speak for “the euro CBDC is coming soon”. The EU CBDC Beast could begin as soon as this year. It will be rolled out first at the institutional level. Then it will be forced on the minions (which I don't think will work, by the way, for reasons explained [here] — but that doesn't mean they won't try).Turning to what might prove the Big Kahuna.The Real Crisis: Government Spending Can't StopWe have another rapidly developing plotline, and this announcement was widely overlooked by the press - probably on government orders, but perhaps because, as Occam's Razor would have it, they're thick. It is, in my view, a highly significant development, and is going to open the door to a ton of money-printing.

This is a free preview of a paid episode. To hear more, visit www.theflyingfrisby.comI am travelling to the bitcoin conference in Prague this week - come say hi if you're there - so you are likely to get a lot of bitcoin-related content over the next fortnight, as I re-indoctrinate myself.Indeed, we are talking bitcoin and gold today — and we start with this.The Bitcoin Treasury BoomUK-listed Coinsilium (AQUIS:COIN), as flagged last Sunday, is jumping on the bitcoin treasury bandwagon. It has risen over 600% in the 10 days since I covered it. It was 6p. Now it's over 40p. Its market cap it £135 million. It only owns 25 bitcoins. (Worth around £2 million).Nuts. But there you go.I have taken my original stake off the table. I'll let the rest run, as I think it will. Its recently announced placement was four times oversubscribed.Bitcoin treasury companies are the new sh1tcoins. There will soon be more of them than there are sh1tcoins, the way things are going. It will probably all end in tears - for which we will have the FCA to thank, because it has outlawed investors from buying bitcoin ETFs and the like - but, while the music is playing, we dance. The other possibility, of course, is that productive companies follow the zombie company lead, at which point the entire corporate financial model changes. Every company becoms a bitcoin treasury company. I actually think there's a good chance of this happening, and I'll explain why in a moment.But let me just remind you — and myself — that owning a bitcoin treasury company is not the same as owning bitcoin. It's a speculation, a substitute, but it's not the same.(BTW I bought some bitcoin with Revolut the other day, and I found the process very simple - though I quickly sent the money to another, safer wallet. Strike and CoinCorner are other UK options.)The non-US bitcoin treasury plays are doing better than the US, which is interesting. Strategy (NASDAQ:MSTR) and Semler (NASDAQ:SMLR), for example, are not moving. (They will if bitcoin breaks to new highs above $110,000, as it is trying to do, but for now it's all about the UK and Japan, and the dumb regulations that have created this situation).Gold Is Now Number TwoThis week has seen something of a landmark development, meanwhile. Gold has overtaken the euro to become the second-most held asset by central banks. 20% of central bank reserves are now held in gold, against 16% in euros.Also of considerable note — and largely unreported — US dollar holdings have fallen below 50% for the first time in almost 30 years. They now sit at 46%. De-dollarisation is happening, folks, right in front of our eyes.If you are enjoying this post, please like it, share it and all that stuff. Thank you.This 20% gold figure compares with just 10% ten years ago. I've little doubt this will double again over the next 10 years - and we'll be at 40%.Even ECB Chief Lizard, Christine Lagarde, has noticed. “The accumulation of gold by central banks continued at a record pace,” she says. “Some countries have been actively exploring alternatives to traditional cross-border payment systems.”That last sentence is telling. It further confirms what we all knew was happening. It's not just as a store of value that the US dollar's central role is subsiding, but as a medium of exchange.Gold is reclaiming its historical role as a core international holding. Make sure you own some.If you are buying gold or silver to protect yourself in these ‘interesting' times, the dealer I use and recommend is the Pure Gold Company. Pricing is competitive, quality of service is high. They deliver to the UK, the US, Canada and Europe or you can store your gold with them. Find out more here.In the same press release Lagarde says:“Offering solutions for settling wholesale financial transactions recorded on distributed ledger technology platforms in central bank money will increase the efficiency of European financial markets and the global appeal of the euro.”That's reptilian speak for “the euro CBDC is coming soon”. The EU CBDC Beast could begin as soon as this year. It will be rolled out first at the institutional level. Then it will be forced on the minions (which I don't think will work, by the way, for reasons explained [here] — but that doesn't mean they won't try).Turning to what might prove the Big Kahuna.The Real Crisis: Government Spending Can't StopWe have another rapidly developing plotline, and this announcement was widely overlooked by the press - probably on government orders, but perhaps because, as Occam's Razor would have it, they're thick. It is, in my view, a highly significant development, and is going to open the door to a ton of money-printing.

Conspiracy or Murder? Why Karen Read's Defense Makes NO SENSE | Former Prosecutor Explains DESCRIPTION: REALITY CHECK: Former prosecutor Eric Faddis systematically destroys Karen Read's elaborate conspiracy defense in this must-watch analysis. The defense wants you to believe 15+ people coordinated a frame-up within hours, but can't explain basic evidence. This is what desperation looks like. Eric breaks down why the conspiracy theory falls apart: The timeline makes a frame-up physically impossible No evidence of O'Keefe ever being inside the Albert house Zero witnesses to this alleged beating No blood evidence inside the home Multiple unconnected witnesses saw/heard the vehicle strike The taillight pieces were documented by first responders before any "conspiracy" could form Cell phone data contradicts the defense timeline No motive for random cops to kill a fellow officer The supposed "cover-up" would require psychic powers to predict Read's movements We examine how conspiracy theories prey on distrust of authority while ignoring Occam's Razor: the simplest explanation is usually correct. A drunk, jealous girlfriend hit her boyfriend with her car. That's not a conspiracy - that's a tragedy that happens too often. Most damning: the defense has spent millions on experts but ZERO on investigating their own conspiracy claims. No private investigators at the Albert house. No forensic testing of their own. Why? Because they know it's fiction designed to create reasonable doubt where none exists. Eric's prosecutorial insight reveals how juries see through these desperate tactics. When your defense requires believing everyone is lying except the defendant who won't testify, you've already lost. John O'Keefe deserves better than conspiracy theories. He deserves justice. #ConspiracyDebunked #KarenReadDefense #EricFaddis #FormerProsecutor #MurderNotMystery #TrueCrimeAnalysis #DefenseLies #JusticeForOKeefe #FactCheckFriday #GuiltyEvidence Want to comment and watch this podcast as a video?  Check out our YouTube Channel. https://www.youtube.com/@hiddenkillerspod Instagram https://www.instagram.com/hiddenkillerspod/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/hiddenkillerspod/ Tik-Tok https://www.tiktok.com/@hiddenkillerspod X Twitter https://x.com/tonybpod Listen Ad-Free On Apple Podcasts Here: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/true-crime-today-premium-plus-ad-free-advance-episode/id1705422872

Conspiracy or Murder? Why Karen Read's Defense Makes NO SENSE | Former Prosecutor Explains DESCRIPTION: REALITY CHECK: Former prosecutor Eric Faddis systematically destroys Karen Read's elaborate conspiracy defense in this must-watch analysis. The defense wants you to believe 15+ people coordinated a frame-up within hours, but can't explain basic evidence. This is what desperation looks like. Eric breaks down why the conspiracy theory falls apart: The timeline makes a frame-up physically impossible No evidence of O'Keefe ever being inside the Albert house Zero witnesses to this alleged beating No blood evidence inside the home Multiple unconnected witnesses saw/heard the vehicle strike The taillight pieces were documented by first responders before any "conspiracy" could form Cell phone data contradicts the defense timeline No motive for random cops to kill a fellow officer The supposed "cover-up" would require psychic powers to predict Read's movements We examine how conspiracy theories prey on distrust of authority while ignoring Occam's Razor: the simplest explanation is usually correct. A drunk, jealous girlfriend hit her boyfriend with her car. That's not a conspiracy - that's a tragedy that happens too often. Most damning: the defense has spent millions on experts but ZERO on investigating their own conspiracy claims. No private investigators at the Albert house. No forensic testing of their own. Why? Because they know it's fiction designed to create reasonable doubt where none exists. Eric's prosecutorial insight reveals how juries see through these desperate tactics. When your defense requires believing everyone is lying except the defendant who won't testify, you've already lost. John O'Keefe deserves better than conspiracy theories. He deserves justice. #ConspiracyDebunked #KarenReadDefense #EricFaddis #FormerProsecutor #MurderNotMystery #TrueCrimeAnalysis #DefenseLies #JusticeForOKeefe #FactCheckFriday #GuiltyEvidence Want to comment and watch this podcast as a video?  Check out our YouTube Channel. https://www.youtube.com/@hiddenkillerspod Instagram https://www.instagram.com/hiddenkillerspod/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/hiddenkillerspod/ Tik-Tok https://www.tiktok.com/@hiddenkillerspod X Twitter https://x.com/tonybpod Listen Ad-Free On Apple Podcasts Here: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/true-crime-today-premium-plus-ad-free-advance-episode/id1705422872

Conspiracy or Murder? Why Karen Read's Defense Makes NO SENSE | Former Prosecutor Explains DESCRIPTION: REALITY CHECK: Former prosecutor Eric Faddis systematically destroys Karen Read's elaborate conspiracy defense in this must-watch analysis. The defense wants you to believe 15+ people coordinated a frame-up within hours, but can't explain basic evidence. This is what desperation looks like. Eric breaks down why the conspiracy theory falls apart: The timeline makes a frame-up physically impossible No evidence of O'Keefe ever being inside the Albert house Zero witnesses to this alleged beating No blood evidence inside the home Multiple unconnected witnesses saw/heard the vehicle strike The taillight pieces were documented by first responders before any "conspiracy" could form Cell phone data contradicts the defense timeline No motive for random cops to kill a fellow officer The supposed "cover-up" would require psychic powers to predict Read's movements We examine how conspiracy theories prey on distrust of authority while ignoring Occam's Razor: the simplest explanation is usually correct. A drunk, jealous girlfriend hit her boyfriend with her car. That's not a conspiracy - that's a tragedy that happens too often. Most damning: the defense has spent millions on experts but ZERO on investigating their own conspiracy claims. No private investigators at the Albert house. No forensic testing of their own. Why? Because they know it's fiction designed to create reasonable doubt where none exists. Eric's prosecutorial insight reveals how juries see through these desperate tactics. When your defense requires believing everyone is lying except the defendant who won't testify, you've already lost. John O'Keefe deserves better than conspiracy theories. He deserves justice. #ConspiracyDebunked #KarenReadDefense #EricFaddis #FormerProsecutor #MurderNotMystery #TrueCrimeAnalysis #DefenseLies #JusticeForOKeefe #FactCheckFriday #GuiltyEvidence Want to comment and watch this podcast as a video?  Check out our YouTube Channel. https://www.youtube.com/@hiddenkillerspod Instagram https://www.instagram.com/hiddenkillerspod/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/hiddenkillerspod/ Tik-Tok https://www.tiktok.com/@hiddenkillerspod X Twitter https://x.com/tonybpod Listen Ad-Free On Apple Podcasts Here: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/true-crime-today-premium-plus-ad-free-advance-episode/id1705422872

Dr Suzanne Gildert, Roboticist & Quantum Physicist, is the CEO-founder of Nirvanic Consciousness Technologies, a quantum-AI technology company innovating “Conscious AI” for improved AI decision-making. She holds a Ph.D. in experimental quantum physics from the University of Birmingham in the UK. Suzanne is a prolific technology inventor with dozens of US patents in quantum computing and AI robotics. She previously co-founded Sanctuary AI — building human-like intelligence in General Purpose Robots — and Kindred AI, developing industrial-AI robotics. The acquisition of Kindred AI by Ocado in 2020 for one third of a billion dollars ($339 million CAD) was the third-largest exit for a robotics company in Canadian history. Suzanne has deep expertise in quantum computing from her time at D-Wave where she ported AI algorithms to D-Wave's quantum annealing hardware. She created quantum algorithms for D-Wave customers including NASA and Lockheed Martin, developed quantum machine learning algorithms for training neural networks and classifiers, and pioneered an online cloud service for quantum application developers.TIMESTAMPS:(0:00) - Introduction (1:26) - Consciousness & AI(7:34) - Defining Consciousness(9:32) - Quantum Consciousness (Faggin, Hameroff, Penrose etc.)(13:50) - Teleological Panprotopsychism(17:26) - Defining Free Will(23:40) - Misunderstanding Non-Materialist Theories(27:30) - From New Age Atheism to Scientific Spirituality/Free Thinking(33:20) - Quantum Computers, Robotics & AI(37:31) - How to Test Conscious AI?(41:42) - The Turing Test & the Edge of Knowledge (LLMs)(49:10) - Decoding or Encoding Consciousness?(53:05) - Agent Boundaries in Robotics (Substrate Independence)(57:10) - Scientific Testing of Quantum Consciousness(1:00:10) - Ethics of Quantum AI (Suffering)(1:03:57) - Techno-Spirituality & Mental Health(1:12:00) - Philosophy of Nirvanic Consciousness Technologies(1:15:10) - Idealism vs Panpsychism(1:22:00) - Quantum Consciousness & Occam's Razor(1:24:00) - Nirvanic Consciousness Technologies(1:31:10) - What to Expect (TSCC 2025)(1:34:25) - ConclusionEPISODE LINKS:- Suzanne's Website: https://www.suzannegildert.com- Suzanne's X: https://x.com/suzannegildert- Suzanne's LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/suzannegildert- Nirvanic Consciousness Technologies: https://www.nirvanic.ai- Stuart Hameroff: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6iCzHwL2EY0- Federico Faggin: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MSn4t6fP_dc- Bernardo Kastrup 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XaSIs2fp7V8- Bernardo Kastrup 2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=57Oguwg7omc- Johnjoe McFadden: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0kldDplYKac- Johnjoe McFadden Lecture 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C6FCgjOZdAM- Johnjoe McFadden Lecture 2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HdNz2lHz3E0CONNECT:- Website: https://tevinnaidu.com - Podcast: https://creators.spotify.com/pod/show/mindbodysolution- YouTube: https://youtube.com/mindbodysolution- Twitter: https://twitter.com/drtevinnaidu- Facebook: https://facebook.com/drtevinnaidu - Instagram: https://instagram.com/drtevinnaidu- LinkedIn: https://linkedin.com/in/drtevinnaidu=============================Disclaimer: The information provided on this channel is for educational purposes only. The content is shared in the spirit of open discourse and does not constitute, nor does it substitute, professional or medical advice. We do not accept any liability for any loss or damage incurred from you acting or not acting as a result of listening/watching any of our contents. You acknowledge that you use the information provided at your own risk. Listeners/viewers are advised to conduct their own research and consult with their own experts in the respective fields.

I have been impressed with the urgency of doing. Knowing is not enough; we must apply. Being willing is not enough; we must do. — Leonardo da Vinci Sign up at Trading View access my platform and charts: https://www.tradingview.com/?aff_id=136493 How to Set Up Our Three Time Frame Chart on TradingView: https://youtu.be/wLwTnrtAOTA I have opened my page to sharing. Find me on TradingView at Thom Goolsby. Here at Charting Wealth, we focus on the reality of price movement by following trends. We teach you a simple and effective method to read stock, ETF and crypto charts, keep your emotions in check and learn when to buy and when to sell. Charting is your road map to the market and the riches it can offer. Forget the hype you see and hear in the financial news media. They are selling products in print ads and commercials. Focus on what is real, no matter how hard it can be to believe! Otherwise, you become a sucker or worse, a slave, to the delusion someone else wants you to believe. Use the lessons we teach every day to accurately chart any stock, commodity, ETF and cryptocurrencies. We give you daily, real life lessons with the five ETFs we track: S&P 500, NASDAQ 100, 20-Year Treasury Bonds, Gold and Bitcoin. We have all the tools you need to learn how to trade. For subscribers, we have a GREAT TRAINING to SUPERCHARGE your practice trading: “Focus on Occam's Razor for Success in the Market.” If you are not a subscriber, become one! Subscribe for FREE to our daily market reviews & training at http://www.ChartingWealth.com We urge you to "Follow the charts, NOT the noise!” and want to help you follow the market and improve your knowledge of stock and ETF movements. Support our work at PATREON and receive GREAT benefits (training, gifts, etc...): https://www.patreon.com/user?u=14138154 Receive our STOCK ALERTS via TEXT when WEEKLY VERTICAL CROSSOVERS occur. Very valuable information! Less than 8 texts a month. Text “chartingwealth” to 33222 on your cell phone. At ChartingWealth.com, http://chartingwealth.com every day the market is open, we chart the S&P 500, NASDAQ 100, Gold & Bonds. In just a few short minutes, we give you a valuable training update and quickly review the trends we see taking place in the market. At the end of every week, we give you an overview of what happened over the last five days and what's on the calendar for the next trading week. DISCLAIMER: We offer NO advice and make NO claims to expertise of any kind. This site is dedicated to knowledge and education through our stock chart training, reviews and other information -- nothing more.

Earth's crust is shattered into dozens of moving plates, but many other worlds operate very differently. What are some alternatives to plate tectonics?Today, we'll compare tectonics on Earth with tectonics on other planets, through the lens of 3.9 billion-year-old rocks from Greenland. On the way, we'll visit the westernmost town in the USA, visit one of our cosmic neighbors, and learn about the Occam's Razor of geology.Extra Credit: find today's planet in the night sky, drop a pebble every day this week and see if anything changes, or read “The Long Rain” by Ray Bradbury.Donate to support the show- anything is appreciated!Click here for the audience survey!Click here to read Dylan's Nature paper!

What does it really mean to love God? In this message, we look at a clear and powerful answer from 1 John 5: “This is love for God: to keep His commands. And His commands are not burdensome.” It's simple—but not shallow. Before there was Occam's Razor or the “Keep It Simple” principle, God had already defined love in the most direct way: obedience rooted in trust. Not legalism. Not guilt. Just surrender to Jesus. Obedience doesn't come from pressure—it comes from knowing and loving the One who gave everything for us. And when Jesus is your foundation, obedience becomes a joy, not a burden. If you've been hurt by religion or weighed down by rules, this message offers hope. Whether you're seeking faith, rebuilding it, or guiding the next generation—this is for you. If this encouraged you, please like, share, and subscribe. And if you need help taking the next step in your faith, reach out—we'd love to walk with you. #LoveGod #KeepHisCommands #1John5 #ObedienceAndLove #ChristianLiving #FaithInJesus #HolySpiritHelp #NotABurden #GospelTruth

In today's episode of the Atheist Experience, JMike and Secular Rarity tackle fallacies, logic, and questions of ontology!Sura in India believes that because religion exists with stories, there must be supernatural things such as beings. Would these supernatural beings exist without religions? Once you wiggle the terms of supernatural beings with wiggle room, the more meaningless these wiggly terms become.Arec in Norway is questioning if it is fair to criticize people who use faith rather than reason when there is no other answer. Why do you think it is important that people play by the same rules when having these conversations? We like to have reliable ways to get to conclusions, and that does not include the use of faith. Keep investigating this and call us back with what you find. Rajin in NY wants some science based reasoning for the lack of god's existence. Logic and science are terms that should be used separately. Why is it that in all possible worlds, god has to exist? If god has to exist from all points of view, what is the point of talking about it? What does “something from nothing” even mean? The Motte-and-bailey fallacy describes the method many theists use when trying to prove god. Why should we accept “nothing” as a possibility?Rostaman in Mexico describes how none of us have access to ontology because it belongs with metaphysics. Categorizing beliefs can make us feel like there is substance, but why use labels and terms if the meaning can be explained?JMike has to bail so Scott Dickie takes over for him to talk with Dave in India who believes that science has not been fully discovered and therefore we don't know what that means for our soul and body. How does the lack of our understanding or ability to prove things through science prove that magic happens? Is god causing the things we don't understand or are these things themselves god?Tom in MS has some thoughts about the Catholic Church and how things have historically not changed when having different popes. If god can do everything, wouldn't he be able to choose the next pope? The actions over the millenia are a good indication of what will change with each pope. Dee in IA has some questions about a logic problem that is apparently not solvable. Some of these logic problems are weird and reading up on them by diving head first can be super cool. Unfortunately, we don't have access to the physical foundations of the universe. Sometimes we need to look in the direction Occam's Razor points to. Thank you for joining us this week! We will see you next time!Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-atheist-experience--3254896/support.

It's Prostate Week in Podcastistan: what happens when an MRI scan for prostatitis includes the injection of rare earth metals—should you, or shouldn't you? Gadolinium crosses the blood-brain barrier if the barrier is not fully intact—does that affect your decision? Then: a letter from an MD-PhD student at Harvard prompts musings on the federal funding of science, what science is for, how complicit universities and many scientists have been for years, and what to do. Also: uterine transplants for “trans women.”*****Our sponsors:Timeline: Accelerate the clearing of damaged mitochondria to improve strength and endurance: Go to http://www.timeline.com/darkhorse and use code darkhorse for 10% off your first order.Caraway: Non-toxic & beautiful cookware. Save $150 on a cookware set over buying individual pieces, and get 10% off your order at http://Carawayhome.com/DarkHorse10.ARMRA Colostrum is an ancient bioactive whole food that can strengthen your immune system. Go to http://www.tryarmra.com/DARKHORSE to get 15% off your first order.*****Join us on Locals! Get access to our Discord server, exclusive live streams, live chats for all streams, and early access to many podcasts: https://darkhorse.locals.comHeather's newsletter, Natural Selections (subscribe to get free weekly essays in your inbox): https://naturalselections.substack.comOur book, A Hunter-Gatherer's Guide to the 21st Century, is available everywhere books are sold, including from Amazon: https://amzn.to/3AGANGg (commission earned)Check out our store! Epic tabby, digital book burning, saddle up the dire wolves, and more: https://darkhorsestore.org*****Mentioned in this episode:Gadolinium Contrast Dye: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-availability/fda-drug-safety-communication-fda-warns-gadolinium-based-contrast-agents-gbcas-are-retained-bodyLetter from Harvard: https://naturalselections.substack.com/p/letter-from-harvard/commentsHigher Education Research & Development Survey: https://ncses.nsf.gov/surveys/higher-education-research-development/2023#dataJones et al 2018. Uterine transplantation in transgender women. Bjog 126(2): 152-156: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6492192/pdf/BJO-126-152.pdfSupport the show

Jaume Segalés y su equipo hablan de la compañía aeroespacial Occam Space y de la obra de teatro Los yugoslavos. Hoy en Km0, tras repasar la actualidad informativa y deportiva, profundizamos en los siguientes asuntos: "Los yugoslavos" en el Teatro de la Abadía Obra escrita y dirigida por el director artístico de este centro escénico de referencia, Juan Mayorga, cuyo estreno absoluto va a tener lugar mañana jueves 22 de mayo en la Sala Juan de la Cruz del Teatro de La Abadía (c/ Fernández de los Ríos, 42). "Los yugoslavos" versa sobre la tristeza, el amor y especialmente sobre el poder de las palabras, lo que hacemos con ellas y lo que ellas hacen con nosotros. Una historia que empieza cuando un camarero pide ayuda a un cliente a quien ha visto levantar el ánimo a otro conversando. El camarero ruega a este desconocido que hable con su esposa para sacarla de la tristeza y del silencio que la afligen, esperando que pronuncie las palabras salvadoras que él no es capaz de encontrar para su mujer. Luis Bermejo, Javier Gutiérrez, Natalia Hernández y Alba Planas dan vida a los personajes de "Los yugoslavos", que podemos ver hasta el 6 de julio en el Teatro de la Abadía, de martes a sábados a las 19:00 y domingos a las 18:30. Entrevistamos al actor Luis Bermejo. Occam Space Única compañía española especializada en el diseño, desarrollo y producción de sistemas de separación en órbita de satélites que trabaja mano a mano con la Agencias Espaciales Europea y Española. Acaban de inaugurar en Coslada sus nuevas instalaciones. Entrevistamos al cofundador y CEO de Occam Space, Manuel Serrano.

So, this is one of the very important lessons that Prahlād Mahārāj teaches us, is to become trained in the spiritual science. Don't neglect the Bhagavad-gītā. Or should I say it in the positive? It's better, isn't it, because that might go and you may think, 'Neglect the Bhagavad-gītā.' No. Read Bhagavad-gītā every day. How's that for a challenge? If one reads Bhagavad-gītā every day, then you won't have to make excuses for why you make mistakes, or why you made mistakes, or why you feel morose, or why you feel confused, and so forth, because those who read the Bhagavad-gītā every day don't get confused. They see things as they are, and they see the difference between matter and spirit. And that's fairly simple. Let me just check, do we have any Bhagavad-gītās? Just checking to see if we have them on site. Do we have any here? I heard that we've distributed over approximately 500 million books since Prabhupāda started book distribution, and we have a few of them here. Bhagavad-gītā is available. Do any of you have it at home? Just checking. It sounds simplistic, but sometimes the simple things are the true answer. It's called Occam's razor. So if you take this challenge that Prahlād Mahārāj is putting out—educate yourself the way a geologist becomes educated to see the way the world's actually working and to find out where the gold is—then you'll never be bewildered. So if you read at least a chapter of Bhagavad-gītā every day, hear the verses, and go deeply within the purports as much as possible, then you'll see the world and find the great treasures in life and avoid the difficulties. Now, speaking of difficulties, Prahlād Mahārāj also talks about that. He says.. Selected texts discussed: https://vedabase.io/en/library/sb/7/7/21/ https://vedabase.io/en/library/sb/7/7/41 https://vedabase.io/en/library/sb/7/7/42/ ------------------------------------------------------------ To connect with His Grace Vaiśeṣika Dāsa, please visit https://www.fanthespark.com/next-steps/ask-vaisesika-dasa/ ------------------------------------------------------------ Add to your wisdom literature collection: https://iskconsv.com/book-store/ https://www.bbtacademic.com/books/ https://thefourquestionsbook.com/ ------------------------------------------------------------ Join us live on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/FanTheSpark/ Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/sound-bhakti/id1132423868 For the latest videos, subscribe https://www.youtube.com/@FanTheSpark For the latest in SoundCloud: https://soundcloud.com/fan-the-spark ------------------------------------------------------------ #vaisesikaprabhu #vaisesikadasa #vaisesikaprabhulectures #spirituality #bhaktiyoga #krishna #spiritualpurposeoflife #krishnaspirituality #spiritualusachannel #whybhaktiisimportant #whyspiritualityisimportant #vaisesika #spiritualconnection #thepowerofspiritualstudy #selfrealization #spirituallectures #spiritualstudy #spiritualexperience #spiritualpurposeoflife #spiritualquestions #spiritualquestionsanswered #trendingspiritualtopics #fanthespark #spiritualpowerofmeditation #spiritualgrowthlessons #secretsofspirituality #spiritualteachersonyoutube #spiritualhabits #spiritualclarity #bhagavadgita #srimadbhagavatam #spiritualbeings #kttvg #keepthetranscendentalvibrationgoing #spiritualpurpose

In this episode, Wayne and Brian engage in a candid conversation about the current state of Bigfoot content creation, highlighting some of the more infamous figures and questionable practices in the field. They discuss Wayne's new projects, including a history podcast focused on obscure and fascinating historical events, alongside existing shows like the 'Guilty Files' and 'Backwoods Bigfoot Stories.' The duo critique popular YouTube channels like 'ThinkerThunker' and 'Sasquatch Ontario,' exposing dishonest tactics used to sensationalize content. Additionally, they delve into a controversial video analysis showing what seems to be non-human primates in upstate New York.Throughout, Wayne and Brian underline the importance of honest and credible research in the paranormal and Bigfoot communities while urging listeners to share their show to help foster a more discerning audience.Get Our FREE NewsletterGet Brian's Books Leave Us A VoicemailVisit Our WebsiteSupport Our SponsorsVisit Untold Radio AM00:00 Catching Up with Wayne and Brian 00:21 New True Crime Podcast: The Guilty Files 00:46 Introducing Disturbing History 02:54 Backwoods Bigfoot Stories 04:39 Rebranding to The Bigfoot Report 09:18 Debunking the Fox and Deer Video 11:08 Bigfoot Tony's Analysis 19:00 Bob Gimlin's Baby Bigfoot Footage 23:08 Urban Legends and Exotic Pets 23:41 Analyzing the Sasquatch Video 24:37 Skepticism and Occam's Razor 25:02 Juvenile Sasquatch Sightings 25:53 The Need for Concrete Evidence 26:22 Sasquatch Ontario's Latest Broadcast 27:20 Debunking Sasquatch Ontario 34:20 Audience Reactions and Comments 38:30 The Psychology Behind Belief 45:53 Concluding Thoughts and GratitudeBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/that-bigfoot-podcast--5960602/support.

How the Karen Read Defense Breaks Reality Eric Faddis Breaks It Down  In this episode, we're joined by criminal defense attorney and former prosecutor Eric Faddis to examine the jaw-dropping gap between the Karen Read defense theory and the actual evidence presented in court. With bizarre claims involving a house full of cops allegedly staging a murder, a body moved under a flagpole, and a silent German Shepherd turned prime suspect, we ask: does any of this hold up under real legal scrutiny? Eric brings his courtroom experience to unpack what prosecutors look for when evaluating “consciousness of guilt,” and why Karen Read's own words — including “Did I hit him?” and “I hit him” — may be more damaging than anything forensic. We explore the staggering leap the defense theory asks jurors to make: believing a wide-scale conspiracy involving police, neighbors, and friends, with no one slipping, confessing, or even sending a regretful text. This is where reality checks come in. We talk about Occam's Razor, jury psychology, and how emotional reactions can backfire when a defendant is in the spotlight. Faddis takes us through what makes a case prosecutable — and what jurors look for when the facts start making more sense than the fiction. If you've been trying to understand whether the defense strategy is brilliant, desperate, or just plain implausible, this conversation lays it all out. And if you think Karen's own statements don't matter, think again. #KarenReadTrial #JohnOKeefe #EricFaddis #KarenReadCase #ConsciousnessOfGuilt #MurderTrial #ForensicAnalysis #FlagpoleTheory #LegalBreakdown #HiddenKillersPodcastWant to comment and watch this podcast as a video?  Check out our YouTube Channel. https://www.youtube.com/@hiddenkillerspod Instagram https://www.instagram.com/hiddenkillerspod/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/hiddenkillerspod/ Tik-Tok https://www.tiktok.com/@hiddenkillerspod X Twitter https://x.com/tonybpod Listen Ad-Free On Apple Podcasts Here: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/true-crime-today-premium-plus-ad-free-advance-episode/id1705422872

How the Karen Read Defense Breaks Reality Eric Faddis Breaks It Down  In this episode, we're joined by criminal defense attorney and former prosecutor Eric Faddis to examine the jaw-dropping gap between the Karen Read defense theory and the actual evidence presented in court. With bizarre claims involving a house full of cops allegedly staging a murder, a body moved under a flagpole, and a silent German Shepherd turned prime suspect, we ask: does any of this hold up under real legal scrutiny? Eric brings his courtroom experience to unpack what prosecutors look for when evaluating “consciousness of guilt,” and why Karen Read's own words — including “Did I hit him?” and “I hit him” — may be more damaging than anything forensic. We explore the staggering leap the defense theory asks jurors to make: believing a wide-scale conspiracy involving police, neighbors, and friends, with no one slipping, confessing, or even sending a regretful text. This is where reality checks come in. We talk about Occam's Razor, jury psychology, and how emotional reactions can backfire when a defendant is in the spotlight. Faddis takes us through what makes a case prosecutable — and what jurors look for when the facts start making more sense than the fiction. If you've been trying to understand whether the defense strategy is brilliant, desperate, or just plain implausible, this conversation lays it all out. And if you think Karen's own statements don't matter, think again. #KarenReadTrial #JohnOKeefe #EricFaddis #KarenReadCase #ConsciousnessOfGuilt #MurderTrial #ForensicAnalysis #FlagpoleTheory #LegalBreakdown #HiddenKillersPodcastWant to comment and watch this podcast as a video?  Check out our YouTube Channel. https://www.youtube.com/@hiddenkillerspod Instagram https://www.instagram.com/hiddenkillerspod/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/hiddenkillerspod/ Tik-Tok https://www.tiktok.com/@hiddenkillerspod X Twitter https://x.com/tonybpod Listen Ad-Free On Apple Podcasts Here: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/true-crime-today-premium-plus-ad-free-advance-episode/id1705422872

How the Karen Read Defense Breaks Reality: Eric Faddis Breaks It Down  In this episode, we're joined by criminal defense attorney and former prosecutor Eric Faddis to examine the jaw-dropping gap between the Karen Read defense theory and the actual evidence presented in court. With bizarre claims involving a house full of cops allegedly staging a murder, a body moved under a flagpole, and a silent German Shepherd turned prime suspect, we ask: does any of this hold up under real legal scrutiny? Eric brings his courtroom experience to unpack what prosecutors look for when evaluating “consciousness of guilt,” and why Karen Read's own words — including “Did I hit him?” and “I hit him” — may be more damaging than anything forensic. We explore the staggering leap the defense theory asks jurors to make: believing a wide-scale conspiracy involving police, neighbors, and friends, with no one slipping, confessing, or even sending a regretful text. This is where reality checks come in. We talk about Occam's Razor, jury psychology, and how emotional reactions can backfire when a defendant is in the spotlight. Faddis takes us through what makes a case prosecutable — and what jurors look for when the facts start making more sense than the fiction. If you've been trying to understand whether the defense strategy is brilliant, desperate, or just plain implausible, this conversation lays it all out. And if you think Karen's own statements don't matter, think again. #KarenReadTrial #JohnOKeefe #EricFaddis #KarenReadCase #ConsciousnessOfGuilt #MurderTrial #ForensicAnalysis #FlagpoleTheory #LegalBreakdown #HiddenKillersPodcastWant to comment and watch this podcast as a video?  Check out our YouTube Channel. https://www.youtube.com/@hiddenkillerspod Instagram https://www.instagram.com/hiddenkillerspod/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/hiddenkillerspod/ Tik-Tok https://www.tiktok.com/@hiddenkillerspod X Twitter https://x.com/tonybpod Listen Ad-Free On Apple Podcasts Here: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/true-crime-today-premium-plus-ad-free-advance-episode/id1705422872

TR15 X2M.216 Occam's Razor by

Occam's Razor: The simplest answer is often the answer. Hanlon's Razor: Never attribute to malice that which can be adequately explained by stupidity.Hitchen's Razor: I must provide evidence for my claim, rather than demand you provide evidence against it. and Hume's Guillotine: You can't derive a moral imperative from a factual description of nature. THE SOURCES: The Philosophical Razors: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophical_razorHitchen's Razor: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hitchens%27s_razorHanlon's Razor: https://thedecisionlab.com/reference-guide/philosophy/hanlons-razorHanlon's Razor Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanlon%27s_razorHume's Guillotine Wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Is%E2%80%93ought_problemReddit "Humes Guillotine" https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/r1v09x/eli5_humes_guillotine/Reddit "is-ought" problem: https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-is-ought-problem-in-simple-understandable-termsDonate to Palestinian Children's Relief Fund::www.pcrf.netDonate to Mutual Aid Funds: https://www.folxhealth.com/library/mutual-aid-fundsGET AN OCCASIONAL PERSONAL EMAIL FROM ME: www.makeyourdamnbedpodcast.comTUNE IN ON INSTAGRAM FOR COOL CONTENT: www.instagram.com/mydbpodcastOR BE A REAL GEM + TUNE IN ON PATREON: www.patreon.com/MYDBpodcastOR WATCH ON YOUTUBE: www.youtube.com/juliemerica The opinions expressed by Julie Merica and Make Your Damn Bed Podcast are intended for entertainment purposes only. Make Your Damn Bed podcast is not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Get bonus content on PatreonSupport this show http://supporter.acast.com/make-your-damn-bed. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

I get deep into the rant bag on this holiday weekend as I give all my thoughts on some stories that have been evolving over time. I talk about Trump having none of the cards, some untimely RIP's, and tech bros. don't seem to me getting what they paid for from this current administration. Join me on this holiday yap session as I give my unabated thoughts on the current state of things!

Many times, I watch couples caught in a spiral of accusations, each convinced of maliciousness on the part of their spouse.  But I don't think that is actually it. In fact, many times, both people in front of me seem to be hurting, but not malicious. Which is why it seems so clear to me that maliciousness is not (usually) the issue. I have that "usually" in there, because there are abusive relationships... in which case, someone is actually malicious (and that marriage should not be saved, at least at that time). You may be familiar with Occam's Razor.  Well, there are other "razors."  For example, Hanlon's Razor states, "Never attribute to malice that which is adequately explained by stupidity."  Which has led me to Baucom's Razor:  "No need to attribute to malice what is actually the result of neglect." In this episode of the Save The Marriage Podcast, I discuss how we get to this point of neglect, why it is so detrimental, and why it matters that you see Baucom's Razor in process.  And of course, all of that is aimed to help you reverse the damage and save your marriage. RELATED RESOURCES Why Connection Matters The Pause Button to Avoid The Save The Marriage System

Simple Ways to Lead... How Occam's Razor Can Sharpen Your Leadership & Client Conversations)As leaders, we often fall into the trap of overexplaining, overtalking, and overcomplicating conversations that could be far more impactful with fewer words and greater clarity. In this episode, I introduce the concept of Occam's Razor and share how applying this simple yet powerful principle can make you a more effective—and genuinely likable—leader. Tune in and learn to lead with clarity, confidence, and connection. Listen now... Or watch on YouTube. Plus, join Nikki Le, Brigette Sobus, and me for The Beauty Leadership Lab May 17-18 Scale from a good leader to a great leader! Find out more here.

In order to succeed you must fail, so that you know what not to do the next time. — Anthony J. D'Angelo Sign up at Trading View access my platform and charts: https://www.tradingview.com/?aff_id=136493 How to Set Up Our Three Time Frame Chart on TradingView: https://youtu.be/wLwTnrtAOTA I have opened my page to sharing. Find me on TradingView at Thom Goolsby. Here at Charting Wealth, we focus on the reality of price movement by following trends. We teach you a simple and effective method to read stock, ETF and crypto charts, keep your emotions in check and learn when to buy and when to sell. Charting is your road map to the market and the riches it can offer. Forget the hype you see and hear in the financial news media. They are selling products in print ads and commercials. Focus on what is real, no matter how hard it can be to believe! Otherwise, you become a sucker or worse, a slave, to the delusion someone else wants you to believe. Use the lessons we teach every day to accurately chart any stock, commodity, ETF and cryptocurrencies. We give you daily, real life lessons with the five ETFs we track: S&P 500, NASDAQ 100, 20-Year Treasury Bonds, Gold and Bitcoin. We have all the tools you need to learn how to trade. For subscribers, we have a GREAT TRAINING to SUPERCHARGE your practice trading: “Focus on Occam's Razor for Success in the Market.” If you are not a subscriber, become one! Subscribe for FREE to our daily market reviews & training at http://www.ChartingWealth.com We urge you to "Follow the charts, NOT the noise!” and want to help you follow the market and improve your knowledge of stock and ETF movements. Support our work at PATREON and receive GREAT benefits (training, gifts, etc...): https://www.patreon.com/user?u=14138154 Receive our STOCK ALERTS via TEXT when WEEKLY VERTICAL CROSSOVERS occur. Very valuable information! Less than 8 texts a month. Text “chartingwealth” to 33222 on your cell phone. At ChartingWealth.com, http://chartingwealth.com every day the market is open, we chart the S&P 500, NASDAQ 100, Gold & Bonds. In just a few short minutes, we give you a valuable training update and quickly review the trends we see taking place in the market. At the end of every week, we give you an overview of what happened over the last five days and what's on the calendar for the next trading week. DISCLAIMER: We offer NO advice and make NO claims to expertise of any kind. This site is dedicated to knowledge and education through our stock chart training, reviews and other information -- nothing more.

This week we talk about taxes, reciprocity, and recession.We also discuss falling indices, stagflation, and theories of operation.Recommended Book: The Serviceberry by Robin Wall KimmererTranscriptStagflation, which is a portmanteau of stagnation and inflation, is exactly what it sounds like: a combination of those two elements, usually with high levels of unemployment, as well, that can cause a prolonged period of economic sluggishness and strain that slows growth and can even lead to a recession.The term was coined in the UK in the 1960s to describe issues they were facing at the time, but it was globally popularized by the oil shocks of the 1970s, which sparked a period of high prices and slow growth in many countries, including in the US, where inflation boomed, productivity floundered, and economic growth plateaud, leading to a stock market crash in 1973 and 1974.Inflation, unto itself, can be troubling, as it means prices are going up faster than incomes, so the money people earn and have saved is worth less and less each day. That leads to a bunch of negative knock-on effects, which is a big part of why the US Fed has kept interest rates so high, aiming to trim inflation rates back to their preferred level of about 2% as quickly as possible in the wake of inflation surges following the height of the Covid pandemic.Stagnant economic growth is also troubling, as it means lowered GDP, reduced future outlook for an economy, and that also tends to mean less investment in said economy, reduced employment levels—and likely even lower employment levels in the future—and an overall sense of malaise that can become a self-fulfilling prophecy, no one feeling particularly upbeat about where their country is going; and that's not great economically, but it can also lead to all sorts of social issues, as people with nothing to look forward to but worse and worse outcomes are more likely to commit crimes or stoke revolutions than their upbeat, optimistic, comfortable kin.The combination of these two elements is more dastardly than just the sum of their two values implies, though, as measures that government agencies might take to curb inflation, like raising interest rates and overall tightening monetary policy, reduces business investment which can lead to unemployment. On the flip-side, though, things a government might do to reduce unemployment, like injecting more money into the economy, tends to spike inflation.It's a lose-lose situation, basically, and that's why government agencies tasked with keeping things moving along steadily go far out of their way to avoid stagflation; it's not easily addressed, and it only really goes away with time, and sometimes a very long time.There are two primary variables that have historically led to stagflation: supply shocks and government policies that reduce output and increase the money supply too rapidly.The stagflation many countries experienced in the 1970s was the result of Middle Eastern oil producing nations cutting off the flow of oil to countries that supported Israel during the 1973 Yom Kippur War, though a sharp increase in money supply and the end of the Bretton Woods money management system, which caused exchange rate issues between global currencies, also contributed, and perhaps even more so than the oil shock.What I'd like to talk about today is another major variable, the implementation of a huge package of new tariffs on pretty much everyone by the US, that many economists are saying could lead to a new period of stagflation, alongside other, more immediate consequences.—A tariff is a type of tax that's imposed on imported goods, usually targeting specific types of goods, or goods from a particular place.Way back in the day these were an important means of funding governments: the US government actually made most of its revenue, about 90% of it, from tariffs before 1863, because there just wasn't a whole of lot other ways for the young country to make money at the time.Following the War of 1812, the US government attempted to double tariffs, but that depleted international trade, which led to less income, not more—gross imports dropped by 71%, and the government scrambled to implement direct and excise taxes, the former of which is the tax a person or business pays that isn't based on transactions, while the latter is a duty that's paid upon the manufacture of something, as opposed to when it's sold.Tariffs resurfaced in the following decades, but accounted for less and less of the government's income as the country's manufacturing base increased, and excise and income taxes made up 63% of the US's federal revenue by 1865.Tax sources have changes a lot over the years, and they vary somewhat from country to country.But the dominant move in the 20th century, especially post-WWII, has been toward free trade, which usually means no or low tariffs on goods being made in one place and sold in another, in part because this tends to lead to more wealth for everyone, on average, at least.This refocus toward globalized free trade resulted in a lot of positives, like being able to specialize and make things where they're cheap and sell them where they're precious, but also some negatives, like the offshoring of jobs—though even those negatives, which sucked for the people who lost their jobs, have been positive for some, as the companies who offshored the jobs did so because it saved them money, the folks who were hired were generally paid more than was possible in their region, previously, and the people consuming the resulting goods were able to get them cheaper than would otherwise be feasible.It's been a mixed bag, then, but the general consensus among economists is that open trade is good because it incentivizes competition and productivity. Governments are less likely to implement protectionist policies to preserve badly performing local business entities from better performing foreign versions of the same, and that means less wasted effort and resources, more options for everyone, and more efficient overall economic operation, which contributes to global flourishing. And not for nothing, nations that trade with each other tend to be less likely to go to war with each other.Now that's a massively simplified version of the argument, but again, that's been the outline for how things are meant to work, and aside from some obvious exceptions—like China's protection of its local tech sector from foreign competition, and the US's protection of its aviation and car industries—it's generally worked as intended, and the world has become massively wealthier during this period compared to before this state of affairs was broadly implemented, post-WWII; there's simply no comparison, the difference is stark.There are renewed concerns about stagflation in the United States, however, because of a big announcement made by US President Trump on April 2, 2025, that slapped substantial and at times simply massive new tariffs on just about everyone, including the country's longest-term allies and most valuable trading partners.On what the president called “Liberation Day,” he announced two new types of tariff: one is a universal 10% import duty on all goods brought into the US, and another that he called a reciprocal tariff on imports from scores of countries, including 15 that will be hit especially hard—a list that includes China, EU nations, Canada, and Japan, among others.The theory of these so-called reciprocal tariffs is that Trump thinks the US is being taken advantage of, as, to use one example that he cited, the US charges a 2.5% tariff on imported cars, while the EU charges a 10% tariff on American cars imported to their union.The primary criticism of this approach, which has been cited by most economists and entities like the World Trade Organization, is that the numbers the US administration apparently used to make this list don't really add up, and seem to include some made-up measures of trade deficits, which some analysts suspect were calculated by AI tools like ChatGPT, as the same incorrect measures are spat out by commonly use chatbots like ChatGPT when they're asked about how to balance these sorts of things. But the important takeaway, however they arrived at these numbers, is that the comparisons used aren't really sensical when you look at the details.Some countries simply can't afford American exports, for instance, while others have no use for them. The idea that a country that can't afford American goods should have astoundingly large tariffs applied to their exports to the US is questionable from the get-go, but it also means the goods they produce, which might be valuable and important for Americans, be they raw materials like food or manufactured goods like car parts, will become more expensive for Americans, either because those Americans have to pay a higher price necessitated by the tax, or because the lower-price supplier is forced out of the market and replaced by a higher-price alternative.In short, the implied balance of these tariffs don't line up with reality, according to essentially everyone except folks working within Trump's administration, and the question then is what the actual motivation behind them might be.The Occam's Razor answer is that Trump and/or people in his administration simply don't understand tariffs and global economics well enough to understand that their theory on the matter is wrong. And many foreign leaders have said these tariffs are not in any way reciprocal, and that the calculation used to draw them up was, in the words of Germany's economic minister, “nonsense.” That's the general consensus of learned people, and the only folks who seem to be saying otherwise are the one's responsible for drawing these tariffs up, and defending them in the press.Things have been pretty stellar for most of the global economy since free trade became the go-to setup for imports and exports, but this administration is acting as if the opposite is true. That might be a feigned misunderstanding, or it might be genuine; they might truly not understand the difference between how things have been post-WWII and how they were back in the 1800s when tariffs were the go-to method of earning government revenue.But in either case, Trump is promising that rewiring the global order, the nature of default international trade in this way, will be good for Americans because rather than serving as a linchpin for that global setup, keeping things orderly by serving as the biggest market in the world, the American economy will be a behemoth that gets what it's owed, even if at the expense of others—a winner among losers who keep playing because they can't afford not to, rather than a possibly slightly less winning winner amongst other winners.This theory seems to have stemmed from a 1980s understanding of things, which is a cultural and economic milieu from which a lot of Trump's views and ideas seem to have originated, despite in many cases having long since been disproved or shown to be incomplete. But it's also a premise that may be more appealing to very wealthy people, because a lot of the negative consequences from these tariffs will be experienced by people in lower economic classes and people from poorer nations, where the price hikes will be excruciating, and folks in the middle class, whose wealth is primarily kept in stocks. Folks in the higher economic echolons, including those making most of these decisions, tend to make and build their wealth via other means, which won't be entirely unimpacted, but will certainly be less hurt by these moves than everyone else.It's also possible, and this seems more likely to me, but it's of course impossible to know the truth of the matter right now, that Trump is implementing a huge version of his go-to negotiating tactic of basically hurting the folks on the other end of a negotiation in order to establish leverage over them, and then starting that negotiation by asking what they'll do for him if he limits or stops the pain.The US is expected to suffer greatly from these tariffs, but other countries, especially those that rely heavily on the US market as their consumer base, and in some cases for a huge chunk of their economy, their total GDP, will suffer even more.There's a good chance many countries, in public or behind closed doors, will look at the numbers and decide that it makes more sense to give Trump and his administration something big, up front, in exchange for a lessening of these tariffs. That's what seems to be happening with Vietnam, already, and Israel, and there's a good chance other nations have already put out feelers to see what he might want in exchange for some preferential treatment in this regard—early reports suggest at least 50 governments have done exactly that since the announcement, though those reports are coming from within the White House, so it's probably prudent to take them with a grain of salt, at this point. That said, this sort of messaging from the White House suggests that the administration might be hoping for a bunch of US-favoring deals and will therefore make a lot of noise about initial negotiations to signal that that's what they want, and that the pain can go away if everyone just kowtows a little and gestures at some new trade policies that favor the US and make Trump look like a master negotiator who's bringing the world to heel.There's been pushback against this potentiality, however, led by China, which has led with its own, very large counter-tariffs rather than negotiating, and the EU looks like it might do the same. If enough governments do this, it could call Trump's bluff while also making these other entities, perhaps especially China, which was first out the door with counter-tariffs and statements about not be cowed by the US's bluster, seem like the natural successors to the US in terms of global economic leadership. It could result in the US giving away all that soft power, basically, and that in turn could realign global trade relationships and ultimately other sorts of relationships, too, in China's favor.One other commonly cited possibility, and this is maybe the grimmest of the three, but it's not impossible, is that Trump and other people in his administration recognize that the world is changing, that China is ascendent and the US is by some metrics not competing in the way it needs to in order to keep up and retain its dominance, and that's true in terms of things like manufacturing and research, but also the potential implications of AI, changing battlefield tactics, and so on. And from that perspective, it maybe makes sense to just shake the game board, knocking over all the pieces rather than trying to win by adhering to what have become common conventions and normal rules of play.If everyone takes a hit, if there's a global recession or depression and everything is knocked asunder because those variables that led to where we are today, with all their associated pros and cons, are suddenly gone, that might lead to a situation in which the US is hurt, but not as badly as everyone else, including entities like China. And because the US did the game board shaking, the US may thus be in a better position as everything settles back into a new state of affairs; a new state of affairs that Trump and his people want to be more favorable to the US, long-term.There's some logic to this thinking, even if it's a very grim, me-first, zero-sum kind of logic. The US economy is less reliant on global trade than the rest of the G20, the wealthiest countries in the world; only about 25% of its GDP is derived from trade, while that number is 37% for China, 63% for France, and a whopping 88% for Germany.Other nations are in a relatively more vulnerable position than the US in a less-open, more tariff-heavy world, then, and that means the US administration may have them over a barrel, making the aforementioned US-favoring negotiations more likely, but also, again, potentially just hurting everyone, but the US less so. And when I say hurting, I mean some countries losing a huge chunk of their economy overnight, triggering a lot more poverty, maybe stagflation and famines, and possibly even revolutions, as people worldwide experience a shocking and sudden decrease in both wealth and future economic outlook.Already, just days after Trump announced his tariffs, global markets are crashing, with US markets on track to record its second-worst three-day decline in history, after only the crash of 1987—so that's worse than even the crashes that followed 9/11, the Covid-19 pandemic, the debt crisis, and many others.Foreign markets are doing even worse, though, with Hong Kong's recently high-flying Hang Seng falling 13% in trading early this week, and Japan's Nikkei dropping 8%.Other market markers are also dropping, the price of oil falling to a pandemic-era level of $60 per barrel, Bitcoin losing 10% in a day, and even the US dollar, which theoretically should rise in a tariff scenario, dropping 0.1%—which suggests investors are planning for a damaging recession, and the US market and currency as a whole might be toxic for a while; which could, in turn, lead to a boom for the rest of the world, the US missing out on that boom.There are also simpler theories, I should mention, that tariffs may be meant to generate more profits to help pay for Trump's expanded tax cuts without requiring he touch the third-rails of Medicare or Social Security, or that they're meant to address the US's booming debt by causing investors to flee to Treasury bills, which has the knock-on effect of reducing the interest rates that have to be paid on government debt.That flight toward Treasuries is already happening, though it seems to be primarily because investors are fleeing the market as stocks collapse in value and everyone's worrying about their future, about stagflation, and about mass layoffs and unemployment.It may be that all or most of these things are true, too, by the way, and that this jumble of events, pros and cons alike, are seen as a net-positive by this administration.For what it's worth, too, the US Presidency doesn't typically get to set things like tariffs—that's congress' responsibility and right. But because Congress is currently controlled by Republicans, they've yet to push back on these tariffs with a veto, and they may not. There are rumblings within the president's party about this, and a lot of statements about how it'll ultimately be good, but that maybe they would have done things differently, but there hasn't been any real action yet, just hedging. And that could remain the case, but if things get bad enough, they could be forced by their constituents to take concrete action on the matter before Trump's promised, theoretical positive outcomes have the chance to emerge, or not.Show Noteshttps://www.everycrsreport.com/files/20060925_RL33665_4a8c6781ce519caa3e6b82f95c269f73021c5fdf.pdfhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tariffhttps://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2025/03/31/tariffs-affect-consumer-spending/https://www.wsj.com/tech/exempt-or-not-the-chip-industry-wont-escape-tariffs-a6c771dbhttps://www.wsj.com/economy/central-banking/goldman-sachs-lifts-u-s-recession-probability-to-35-ce285ebchttps://www.axios.com/newsletters/axios-am-9d85eb00-1184-11f0-8b11-0da1ebc288e3.htmlhttps://apnews.com/article/trump-tariffs-democrats-economy-protests-financial-markets-90afa4079acbde1deb223adf070c1e98https://www.wsj.com/economy/trade/trade-war-explodes-across-world-at-pace-not-seen-in-decades-0b6d6513https://www.mufgamericas.com/sites/default/files/document/2025-04/The-Long-Shadow-of-William-McKinley.pdfhttps://x.com/krishnanrohit/status/1907587352157106292https://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/04/business/trump-stocks-tariffs-trade.htmlhttps://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/05/opinion/trump-tariffs-theories.htmlhttps://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/06/world/asia/vietnam-trump-tariff-delay.htmlhttps://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/06/world/europe/trade-trump-tariffs-brexit.htmlhttps://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2025/04/why-do-domestic-prices-rise-with-tarriffs.htmlhttps://www.foxnews.com/politics/how-we-got-liberation-day-look-trumps-past-comments-tariffshttps://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/trumps-tariff-strategy-can-be-traced-back-to-the-1980s/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/12/12/us/politics/trump-tv-stock-market.htmlhttps://www.hudsonbaycapital.com/documents/FG/hudsonbay/research/638199_A_Users_Guide_to_Restructuring_the_Global_Trading_System.pdfhttps://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/us/over-50-countries-push-for-tariff-revisions-will-donald-trump-compromise-heres-what-the-white-house-said/articleshow/120043664.cmshttps://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/06/business/stock-market-plunge-investment-bank-impact.htmlhttps://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/stock-market-trump-tariffs-trade-war-04-07-25https://www.wsj.com/world/china/china-trump-tariff-foreign-policy-6934e493https://www.wsj.com/economy/in-matter-of-days-outlook-shifts-from-solid-growth-to-recession-risk-027eb2b4https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Markets/Asia-Pacific-stocks-sink-from-Trump-s-tariff-barrage-Hong-Kong-down-13https://www.reuters.com/markets/eu-seeks-unity-first-strike-back-trump-tariffs-2025-04-06/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2025/04/07/trump-presidency-news-tariffs/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/07/world/asia/china-trade-war-tariffs.htmlhttps://www.bloomberg.com/news/newsletters/2025-04-07/global-rout-carries-whiff-of-panic-as-trump-holds-fast-on-tariffshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stagflationhttps://finance.yahoo.com/news/economists-fed-recent-projections-signal-120900777.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1973_oil_crisishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_stagnation This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit letsknowthings.substack.com/subscribe

This week's blogpost - https://bahnsen.co/4l9W0e1 The Power of Simplicity in Financial Planning In this episode of the Thoughts on Money Podcast, hosts Trevor Cummings and Blaine Carver discuss the principle of keeping financial strategies simple, centered around the concept of Occam's Razor. They contrast this with the overly complex methods similar to Rube Goldberg's inventions and stress the importance of embracing simplicity in investing. Key areas covered include the problems with market timing, the benefits of dividend growth investing, the importance of understanding one's investment strategy, and the necessity of perseverance in the markets. The hosts further emphasize avoiding unnecessary complexity and limiting mistakes to achieve long-term financial success. 00:00 Welcome to the Thoughts on Money Podcast 00:37 Occam's Razor and Financial Planning 02:17 Rube Goldberg vs. Occam's Razor in Investing 04:07 The Pitfalls of Market Timing 05:55 The Frogger Approach to Investing 09:06 Embracing Risk Like Happy Gilmore 12:19 Limiting Mistakes in Investing 19:59 The Superpower of Perseverance 23:30 Keep It Simple, Stupid (KISS) 26:42 Closing Thoughts and Listener Engagement Links mentioned in this episode: http://thoughtsonmoney.com http://thebahnsengroup.com

Roger Newman, M.D. has been voted by his peers as one of the "Best Doctors in America." A nationally known OB-GYN specializing in the care of women with multiple gestations, he has authored two hundred scientific papers. Today, Dr. Newman debuts his newest novel Boys. The narrative introduces Pete and Alex as brothers, raised together on a dairy farm in the Great Smokey Mountains during the Great Depression. Their hometown is beset by the ignorance and racial intolerance of the post- Reconstruction South. For the two boys, those challenges are magnified because Pete is white and Alex is black. Hear the inside story on Boys and the sheer enjoyment that Dr. Newman garners from writing. Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/success-made-to-last-legends--4302039/support.

FOLLOW RICHARD: Website: https://www.strangeplanet.ca YouTube: @strangeplanetradio Instagram: @richardsyrettstrangeplanet TikTok @syrettstrangeplanet 1179 Conspiracies Unraveled: What If the 'Crazy' Theories Are True? Conspiracy theories aren't just barstool banter anymore—sometimes, they're uncomfortably real. On this episode of Strange Planet, host Richard Syrett welcomes Shane Skwarek and Tim Philipps, the razor-sharp minds behind Cocktails & Conspiracies. With 30 years of digging into the world's biggest mysteries, these New Jersey realists don't just chase shadows—they dissect them. From debunking the Zodiac Killer as a media-spun myth to uncovering Shakespeare as a front for Edward de Vere's royal scandal, they wield Occam's Razor to cut through the noise. But the moon? That's where things get murky—landing hoaxes and hollow theories leave even these skeptics questioning. Tune in as they reveal surprising truths, wrestle with cosmic cover-ups, and share why some conspiracies hit too close to home. Pour a drink and join the unraveling—because the simplest explanation might just blow your mind. GUEST: Shane Skwarek: Tech-whiz and conspiracy realist, Shane's spent three decades peeling back the layers of the world's strangest tales. Co-host of Cocktails & Conspiracies, he's the guy who'd rather debug a theory than buy the hype. GUEST: Tim Philipps: Sales-savvy and sharp-eyed, Tim's 30-year quest for truth pairs perfectly with a stiff drink. Co-creator of Cocktails & Conspiracies, he's the voice of reason who knows some secrets are too good to stay buried. WEBSITE/LINKS: https://www.conspiracyrealist.com YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@conspiracyrealist X: https://twitter.com/conspiracyonx Instagram: https://instagram.com/CocktailsConspiracies Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://strangeplanet.supportingcast.fm/

This week on the Ante Up Poker Podcast, we kick things off with exciting news about our upcoming Ante Up Poker Tour stop at Seminole Casino Coconut Creek—check out the link for details on the property. Plus, if you're looking to mix it up, our Patreon mixed game is happening Tuesday, so don't miss out. Elle and I are back to a Table Talk duo this week, but stay tuned—next week, we'll have a fresh guest. Chicago Joe joins us after taking down the Patreon Hold 'em game, and we dive into the hot topic of dealer errors and how they've been making waves in the poker world. We also bring back a fun round of Lodden Thinks and continue the discussion on Elle's dealer situation with Elliott. Patrick and I run into some confusion when playing a set, but it's a turn bet that really leaves us scratching our heads. Finally, in Joe's One Outer, I break down how Occam's Razor applies to poker. Tune in, ante up, and let's talk poker! Click this link for the magazine. This is a quick link to the our Magazine. Click here for our Linktree. It is a quick resource to get you to our magazine, podcast, YouTube, and more. comfrt.com/ELLE73474. Your link for the most comfortable hoodie on the planet. Click here for our Patreon page, where you can support the show and gain access to our monthly Private game. Advanced Poker Training: Improve your poker game while playing up to 500 hands an hour against the smartest artificially intelligent poker players ever designed. Draft Kings Sportsbook: Use code ANTEUP20 to get $200 in bonus bets instantly.

The consensus at JAMDTNYTC HQ is that this was a terrific Thursday crossword, and a limbering up, as it were, in preparation for the grueling Friday and Saturday crosswords yet to come. We were pleased to see OCCAM make an appearance in the grid, as well as a smattering of frqtly. sn. txt. msg. abbrs., including DMED, OTOH, IRL and IPAS (ok, we're not sure about that last one, but the rest most definitely are frequently seen text message abbreviations).Show note imagery:  ATOMICDOGWe love feedback! Send us a text...Contact Info:We love listener mail! Drop us a line, crosswordpodcast@icloud.com.Also, we're on FaceBook, so feel free to drop by there and strike up a conversation!

Once, when I had a legal problem in managing, and it was something that kept me up at night, I consulted Godbrothers, and one of my Godbrothers, Ritadhvaja Swami, so kindly, two days later, sent me a verse. He said, "Vaiś, I think this might help." And he sent me a verse from Pṛthu Mahārāja, who definitely had a problem—Indra. He was trying to do his duty and perform this 100th horse sacrifice. And Indra kept stealing the sacrificial horse and pretending he was a sannyāsī. It was ludicrous and outrageous and very disappointing to Pṛthu Mahārāja, and he became angry. He wanted to kill Indra. The sages, those who were performing the yajña, said, "Don't. Don't do it. It'll contaminate the yajña. We'll do it for you." Then Brahmā intervened, and he came and said, "Wait, everybody, hold it. It's Indra. You can't kill him. And besides, why don't you just tolerate it? Because that's providential." And Pṛthu Mahārāja said, "Okay, we'll tolerate," and he made up with Indra, actually. And Indra kind of apologized, like he usually does. And so there's a way, when I read that, I felt relief. Where else are you going to get relief, except from the Bhagavad-gītā or the Bhāgavatam? I actually felt relief, and it wasn't theoretical. It was visceral. I couldn't sleep, and then I could—that's proof that it's not theoretical. And I came to a point of realizing that I have to tolerate this and take it step by step. I think maybe that's when I invented for myself this mantra of "be methodical but dispassionate." I just keep saying it over and over again. That's what Kṛṣṇa says in the Bhagavad-gītā, and that's what problems are for. They're for following the instructions of Kṛṣṇa in the Bhagavad-gītā. If you wondered why you get problems, It's like you go to a class and you sit down, and then the teacher hands out all the papers on the desk and says, "Put away everything. Get out a number two pencil." Have you ever heard that before? Yeah, and that's what Kṛṣṇa does for us, Vaikuṇṭha Nāyaka Prabhu. He says, "Okay, you sit down. Here's your problem for the day. Take out a number two pencil, put away all your other stuff. Let's see how you're going to do now." So what you said was true, and it actually works when we follow Kṛṣṇa's instruction, for instance, Occam's razor—the simplest solution is the best, fewer assumptions, and it's direct. So Prabhupāda, in a lecture, says when you lose a loved one, it's inevitable that you'll feel overwhelmed, heaviness of heart, yes or yes. And so there's a way in which Prabhupāda says, "What are you going to do? You're going to bring them back? Your mind keeps thinking like, can't we revive them, or something like that? And what about the old days when they were here? And what should we do?" Prabhupāda says, "There's only one solution. You know what it is? Tolerate." And when I first heard that, I thought, "That's it? We'll try it and see what happens." And if you tolerate, there's a fruit at the end, because you become wise and you see, as one of my friends always says, observing the events of the world as absurd as many of them are, and he says, "the jagat is on the move," and whatever you think you have now, it's going to go sideways, guaranteed. You think you have something, you'll come out one day and it's at the top of the roof and it's dripping down, it's melted, or it's burnt, or it's sideways, whatever you think you have here. And that's a lesson. The whole material world is not our home, and fortunately, we have a place to repose our affection and our real possessions, as Kapila-deva says in one astounding verse, he said that the assets you get from your practice of devotional service are never lost, hose are yours to keep.. (excerpt from the talk)

An airhacks.fm conversation with Kevlin Henney (@KevlinHenney) about: first computer was a Sinclair ZX81 with 1K of memory, programming in Basic and later Z80 assembly language, creating simulations like volcano explosions and n-body problems as a teenager, transitioning to the ZX Spectrum and other early home computers, studying physics at university but becoming more interested in programming, learning fortran, getting his first programming job at a small software house in Bristol where his boss had a wall of books on programming languages and paradigms, becoming self-taught through reading these books, developing an interest in AI and philosophy of mind which led to pursuing a master's degree in parallel computer systems, creating a virtual machine for a Lisp-based actor model, learning about the occam programming language based on Communicating sequential processes (CSP) for transputers, discovering Object-oriented programming and being fascinated by modularity and encapsulation, encountering Java in the mid-90s as a free downloadable language with platform independence, appreciating Java's familiar C-like syntax while offering object orientation without low-level concerns, using Java primarily for training and consultancy work rather than application development, discussing the evolution of Java features like inner classes (Java 1.1) and interfaces, explaining his unique perspective on interfaces coming from distributed systems experience with IDLs, reflecting on his work with various distributed Java technologies like RMI, Jini and JavaSpaces, continuing his career as an independent consultant, trainer and speaker with strong involvement in the patterns community Kevlin Henney on twitter: @KevlinHenney

(00:00-32:28) Dennis Gates will make his TMA debut today and Jackson is fired up. Dr. Carr, power clap on 6. It's all about the double bye. Game it out. The Ten Commandments of the TMA Fan Page. Old gay guys posting videos of Jerry Garcia. Chairman wants Jackson to use sea salt spray in his hair. RIP Gene Hackman. Sebastian Maniscalco. (32:36-52:10) Youngry Birds was passed along to Victor Scott. Arenado made the trip to Tampa for Cards/Yankees. Audio from Foul Territory speculating that Nolan made the trip to showcase himself for the Yankees. Rare for a player of his caliber to make that particular trip. Occam's Razor. (52:20-1:05:11) California Love. Did anyone ever get arrested for using LimeWire? Viruses galore. Binnington's stock high after the Four Nations. Hang on through this week and see where you're at. Daddy Padre wants to wager on Binnington being moved. Grumpy Cornhole. The Sasky Boys. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoicesSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

(00:00-32:28) Dennis Gates will make his TMA debut today and Jackson is fired up. Dr. Carr, power clap on 6. It's all about the double bye. Game it out. The Ten Commandments of the TMA Fan Page. Old gay guys posting videos of Jerry Garcia. Chairman wants Jackson to use sea salt spray in his hair. RIP Gene Hackman. Sebastian Maniscalco. (32:36-52:10) Youngry Birds was passed along to Victor Scott. Arenado made the trip to Tampa for Cards/Yankees. Audio from Foul Territory speculating that Nolan made the trip to showcase himself for the Yankees. Rare for a player of his caliber to make that particular trip. Occam's Razor. (52:20-1:05:11) California Love. Did anyone ever get arrested for using LimeWire? Viruses galore. Binnington's stock high after the Four Nations. Hang on through this week and see where you're at. Daddy Padre wants to wager on Binnington being moved. Grumpy Cornhole. The Sasky Boys. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Johnjoe McFadden is Professor of Molecular Genetics at the University of Surrey, United Kingdom. He obtained his BSc in Biochemistry at the University of London, and his PhD at Imperial College London. He is an accomplished scientist and author. He has written several books, including "Quantum Evolution: Life in the Multiverse" (2000), "Life on the Edge: The Coming of Age of Quantum Biology" (2014), and his latest book "Life Is Simple: How Occam's Razor Set Science Free and Shapes the Universe" (2021). His research interests include systems biology, mycobacterial genetics, pathogenicity of tuberculosis, neisserial genetics, pathogenicity of meningococcal meningitis. However, along with Prof Jim Al-Khalili, he has become best-known for his contributions to the field of Quantum Biology. Prof McFadden also endorses a theory of consciousness wherein consciousness is an electromagnetic information field (known as CEMI Field Theory).Lecture Title: "Life Is Simple: Science is Occam's Razor" TIMESTAMPS:(0:00) - Introduction (1:03) - William of Ockham(4:43) - Medieval Scientific Theology(9:32) - Universals(13:05) - Teleology(19:45) - Science vs Religion(24:06) - Occam's Razor in Science(37:01) - Simple Laws & Technology (41:25) - Symmetry & Simplicity(43:32) - How Does Occam's Razor Work?(47:55) - What is Science?(51:21) - Occam's Razor in daily life ("The Pocket Razor")(53:39) - Conclusion EPISODE LINKS:- Johnjoe's Podcast: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0kldDplYKac- Johnjoe's Website: https://johnjoemcfadden.co.uk- Johnjoe's Publications: https://tinyurl.com/2s48mdnd- Johnjoe's Books: https://tinyurl.com/49kp3snfCONNECT:- Website: https://tevinnaidu.com - Podcast: https://creators.spotify.com/pod/show/mindbodysolution- YouTube: https://youtube.com/mindbodysolution- Twitter: https://twitter.com/drtevinnaidu- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/drtevinnaidu - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/drtevinnaidu- LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/drtevinnaidu=============================Disclaimer: The information provided on this channel is for educational purposes only. The content is shared in the spirit of open discourse and does not constitute, nor does it substitute, professional or medical advice. We do not accept any liability for any loss or damage incurred from you acting or not acting as a result of listening/watching any of our contents. You acknowledge that you use the information provided at your own risk. Listeners/viewers are advised to conduct their own research and consult with their own experts in the respective fields.

Wait, what? What just happened? To who? When? And it just flipped when it landed? A 13th kid with a fourth woman? Does that have anything to do with the other thing? You know, the one that just happened. Or maybe that was last week… The first month of Trump 47 has felt more like 47 weeks than it has four, with a relentless barrage of executive orders, personnel decisions, and, let's say, charitably unconventional accounting procedures that have kicked ant piles both foreign and domestic. And with all of that, much of what you read on social media, Substack, or in your podcast feed is likely very, very hyperbolic—or, if you're on the conservative side of the aisle, particularly gleeful. My goal, however, is to ask a simple question every day: What actually matters? On this episode of the show, we're going to talk to two people with vastly different perspectives on the political system. First, we have Gabe Fleisher, who writes the Wake Up to Politics newsletter and, even as a fresh college graduate, has probably forgotten more about political history and minutiae than the average voter has ever cared to learn. On the other end of the spectrum, we have John Teasdale, an entrepreneur and co-creator of The Contender card game, who intentionally disconnected himself from politics for the past year and has only just returned stateside.“Sure, Justin, I'll enjoy both of those conversations. But what about me? What does that give me as a framework to understand what's happening right now?” Well, to help with that, I want to dust off something that doesn't usually get brought out in the political realm, but given the breakneck pace of news, I think it's worth it. In 2013, WNYC's On the Media program put out a helpful infographic titled the Breaking News Consumer Handbook. You've probably seen it during major events like shootings or tragedies, but with the flood of headlines right now, I think it's worth revisiting its five core tenets and applying them to this moment.In the immediate aftermath of any major event, most news outlets will get it wrong. This is crucial to remember because, amid the deluge of information, you owe it to yourself to slow down. Wait a few days, maybe even a week, before getting worked up about something. Half-truths, gossip, and rumor fly out of every orifice in Washington, and with time, further context often clarifies the situation—or at least reveals whether it's even newsworthy. Don't you deserve the full set of facts before being led around by the nose by the outrage machine? I think you do. Don't trust anonymous sources. Case in point: as I was recording, a story broke from NBC News stating that U.S. intelligence indicates Vladimir Putin isn't interested in a real peace deal. The sources? Four anonymous sources—two congressional aides and two intel sources, presumably provided by those aides. The article essentially asserts that while Putin may negotiate with Trump, he's not deterred from taking Ukraine in the long run. To which I say: da-doi. Unless you genuinely believed that Putin was going to apologize for invading Ukraine and promise never to do it again, this “news” adds no value. It doesn't outline the parameters of a peace deal, Russia's red lines, or any concrete details. It simply reiterates that Putin remains an authoritarian thug, which, let's be real, even MAGA supporters acknowledge. The end of war is not a morality play—it's about making decisions that stop people from dying. This story is calorie free by making a stupid point and not even using named sources to do it.Don't trust stories that cite other media outlets as sources. This is a favorite trick of churn-media articles, particularly those designed to game Facebook's algorithm. If you mostly get your news from social media, you're consuming content optimized for engagement, not accuracy. These outlets often regurgitate information from elsewhere, making their legitimacy dubious at best. Fourth, and this one is more relevant to shootings, but still applicable…There is almost never a second shooter. In a broader sense, Occam's razor applies—sometimes the simplest explanation is the correct one. While plenty of conspiracy theories have turned out to be true (COVID lab leak, Hunter Biden's laptop, etc.), not everything that pops up on social media is exactly what it seems, especially when it comes to government spending. Right now, people are combing through federal expenditures, uncovering what might appear to be scandals. Give it time. Wait a few days before reacting and hitting retweet.Pay attention to the language the media uses. Phrases like “we are getting reports” could mean anything. “We are seeking confirmation” means they don't have confirmation. “The news outlet has learned” means they have a scoop or are going out on a limb. Stick to fundamental journalism: a compelling lead, a nut graph that clearly outlines the news, and at least three on-the-record sources directly involved in the situation. If those elements aren't there, take the story with a grain of salt. In truth, there isn't as much actual news as the fire hose of content would suggest. There's plenty of gossip, innuendo, and hot takes, and that's before you get to people in the arena yelling at each other on social media. But real, capital-N news? That's much rarer than it seems.Chapters00:00:00 : Introduction and Overview00:01:20 : Political Analysis and Current Events00:02:04 : Breaking News Consumer Handbook00:11:04 : Interview with Gabe Fleischer00:51:14 : Update on Ukraine-Russia Peace Deal00:57:02 : New York Mayor Eric Adams' Administration Turmoil01:00:03 : Elon Musk and Fort Knox Investigation01:01:51 : Interview with John Teasdale01:25:38 : Show Wrap-Up and Listener Support This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.politicspoliticspolitics.com/subscribe

Even when there is blood in the streets, the strong eat well. — Thom Goolsby Sign up at Trading View access my platform and charts: https://www.tradingview.com/?aff_id=136493 How to Set Up Our Three Time Frame Chart on TradingView: https://youtu.be/wLwTnrtAOTA I have opened my page to sharing. Find me on TradingView at Thom Goolsby. Here at Charting Wealth, we focus on the reality of price movement by following trends. We teach you a simple and effective method to read stock, ETF and crypto charts, keep your emotions in check and learn when to buy and when to sell. Charting is your road map to the market and the riches it can offer. Forget the hype you see and hear in the financial news media. They are selling products in print ads and commercials. Focus on what is real, no matter how hard it can be to believe! Otherwise, you become a sucker or worse, a slave, to the delusion someone else wants you to believe. Use the lessons we teach every day to accurately chart any stock, commodity, ETF and cryptocurrencies. We give you daily, real life lessons with the four ETFs we track: S&P 500, NASDAQ 100, 20-Year Treasury Bonds, Gold and Bitcoin. We have all the tools you need to learn how to trade. For subscribers, we have a GREAT TRAINING to SUPERCHARGE your practice trading: “Focus on Occam's Razor for Success in the Market.” If you are not a subscriber, become one! Subscribe for FREE to our daily market reviews & training at http://www.ChartingWealth.com We urge you to "Follow the charts, NOT the noise!” and want to help you follow the market and improve your knowledge of stock and ETF movements. Support our work at PATREON and receive GREAT benefits (training, gifts, etc...): https://www.patreon.com/user?u=14138154 Receive our STOCK ALERTS via TEXT when WEEKLY VERTICAL CROSSOVERS occur. Very valuable information! Less than 8 texts a month. Text “chartingwealth” to 33222 on your cell phone. At ChartingWealth.com, http://chartingwealth.com every day the market is open, we chart the S&P 500, NASDAQ 100, Gold & Bonds. In just a few short minutes, we give you a valuable training update and quickly review the trends we see taking place in the market. At the end of every week, we give you an overview of what happened over the last five days and what's on the calendar for the next trading week. DISCLAIMER: We offer NO advice and make NO claims to expertise of any kind. This site is dedicated to knowledge and education through our stock chart training, reviews and other information -- nothing more.

This episode we are taking a trip down the Silk Road--or perhaps even the Spice Road--as we investigate references in this reign to individuals from "Tukara" who seem to have arrived in Yamato and stayed for a while. For photos and more, see our podcast webpage:  https://sengokudaimyo.com/podcast/episode-119 Rough Transcript   Welcome to Sengoku Daimyo's Chronicles of Japan.  This is episode 119: The Question of “Tukara”   Traveling upon the ocean was never exactly safe.  Squalls and storms could arise at any time, and there was always a chance that high winds and high waves could capsize a vessel.  Most people who found themselves at the mercy of the ocean could do little but hold on and hope that they could ride out whatever adverse conditions they met with.  Many ships were lost without any explanation or understanding of what happened to them.  They simply left the port and never came back home. And so when the people saw the boat pulling up on the shores of Himuka, on the island of Tsukushi, they no doubt empathized with the voyagers' plight.  The crew looked bedraggled, and their clothing was unfamiliar.  There were both men and women, and this didn't look like your average fishing party.  If anything was clear it was this:  These folk weren't from around here. The locals brought out water and food.  Meanwhile, runners were sent with a message:  foreigners had arrived from a distant place.  They then waited to see what the government was going to do.     We are still in the second reign of Takara Hime, aka Saimei Tenno.  Last episode we talked about the palaces constructed in Asuka, as well as some of the stone works that have been found from the period, and which appear to be referenced in the Nihon Shoki—at least tangentially.   The episodes before that, we looked at the expeditions the court sent to the far north of Honshu and even past Honshu to Hokkaido. This episode we'll again be looking past the main islands of the archipelago to lands beyond.  Specifically, we are going to focus on particularly intriguing references to people from a place called “Tukara”.  We'll talk about some of the ideas about where that might be, even if they're a bit  far-fetched. That's because Tukara touches on the state of the larger world that Yamato was a part of, given its situation on the far eastern edge of what we know today as the Silk Road.  And is this just an excuse for me to take a detour into some of the more interesting things going on outside the archipelago?  No comment. The first mention of a man from Tukara actually comes at the end of the reign of Karu, aka Koutoku Tennou.  We are told that in the fourth month of 654 two men and two women of “Tukara” and one woman of “Sha'e” were driven by a storm to Hiuga.  Then, three years later, the story apparently picks up again, though possibly referring to a different group of people.  On the 3rd day of the 7th month of 657, so during the second reign of Takara Hime, we now hear about two men and four women of the Land of Tukara—no mention of Sha'e—who drifted to Tsukushi, aka Kyushu.  The Chronicles mention that these wayfarers first drifted to the island of Amami, and we'll talk about that in a bit, but let's get these puzzle pieces on the table, first.  After those six people show up, the court sent for them by post-horse.  They must have arrived by the 15th of that same month, because we are told that a model of Mt. Sumi was erected and they—the people from Tukara—were entertained, although there is another account that says they were from “Tora”. The next mention is the 10th day of the 3rd month of 659, when a Man of Tukara and his wife, again woman of Sha'e, arrived.  Then, on the 16th day of the 7th month of 660, we are told that the man of Tukara, Kenzuhashi Tatsuna, desired to return home and asked for an escort.  He planned to pay his respects at the Great Country, i.e. the Tang court, and so he left his wife behind, taking tens of men with him. All of these entries might refer to people regularly reaching Yamato from the south, from a place called “Tukara”.  Alternately, this is a single event whose story has gotten distributed over several years, as we've seen happen before with the Chronicles.  .  One of the oddities of these entries is that the terms used are not consistent.  “Tukara” is spelled at least two different ways, suggesting that it wasn't a common placename like Silla or Baekje, or even the Mishihase.  That does seem to suggest that the Chronicles were phonetically trying to find kanji, or the Sinitic characters, to match with the name they were hearing.   I would also note that “Tukara” is given the status of a “kuni”—a land, country, or state—while “sha'e”, where some of the women are said to come from, is just that, “Sha'e”. As for the name of at least one person from Tokara, Kenzuhashi Tatsuna, that certainly sounds like someone trying to fit a non-Japanese name into the orthography of the time.  “Tatsuna” seems plausibly Japanese, but “Kenzuhashi” doesn't fit quite as well into the naming structures we've seen to this point. The location of “Tukara” and “Sha'e” are not clear in any way, and as such there has been a lot of speculation about them.  While today there are placenames that fit those characters, whether or not these were the places being referenced at the time is hard to say. I'll actually start with “Sha'e”, which Aston translates as Shravasti, the capital of the ancient Indian kingdom of Kosala, in modern Uttar Pradesh.  It is also where the Buddha, Siddartha Gautama, is said to have lived most of his life after his enlightenment.  In Japanese this is “Sha'e-jou”, and like many Buddhist terms it likely comes through Sanskrit to Middle Chinese to Japanese.  One—or possibly two—women from Shravasti making the journey to Yamato in the company of a man (or men) from Tukara seems quite the feat.  But then, where is “Tukara”? Well, we have at least three possible locations that I've seen bandied about.  I'll address them from the most distant to the closest option.  These three options were Tokharistan, Dvaravati, and the Tokara islands. We'll start with Tokharistan on the far end of the Silk Road.  And to start, let's define what that “Silk Road” means.  We've talked in past episodes about the “Western Regions”, past the Han-controlled territories of the Yellow River.   The ancient Tang capital of Chang'an was built near to the home of the Qin dynasty, and even today you can go and see both the Tang tombs and the tomb of Qin Shihuangdi and his terracotta warriors, all within a short distance of Xi'an, the modern city built on the site of Chang'an.  That city sits on a tributary of the Yellow River, but the main branch turns north around the border of modern Henan and the similarly sounding provinces of Shanxi and Shaanxi.  Following it upstream, the river heads north into modern Mongolia, turns west, and then heads south again, creating what is known as the Ordos loop.  Inside is the Ordos plateau, also known as the Ordos Basin.  Continuing to follow the Yellow river south, on the western edge of the Ordos, you travel through Ningxia and Gansu—home of the Hexi, or Gansu, Corridor.  That route eventually takes to Yumenguan, the Jade Gate, and Dunhuang.  From there roads head north or south along the edge of the Taklamakan desert in the Tarim basin.  The southern route travels along the edge of the Tibetan plateau, while the northern route traversed various oasis cities through Turpan, Kucha, to the city of Kashgar.  Both routes made their way across the Pamirs and the Hindu Kush into South Asia. We've brought up the Tarim Basin and the Silk Road a few times.  This is the path that Buddhism appears to have taken to get to the Yellow River Basin and eventually to the Korean Peninsula and eastward to the Japanese archipelago.  But I want to go a bit more into detail on things here, as there is an interesting side note about “Tukara” that I personally find rather fascinating, and thought this would be a fun time to share. Back in Episode 79 we talked about how the Tarim basin used to be the home to a vast inland sea, which was fed by the meltwater from the Tianshan and Kunlun mountains.  This sea eventually dwindled, though it was still large enough to be known to the Tang as the Puchang Sea.  Today it has largely dried up, and it is mostly just the salt marshes of Lop Nur that remain.  Evidence for this larger sea, however, can be observed in some of the burials found around the Tarim basin.  These burials include the use of boat-shaped structures—a rather curious feature to be found out in the middle of the desert. And it is the desert that was left behind as the waters receded that is key to much of what we know about life in the Tarim basin, as it has proven to be quite excellent at preserving organic material.  This includes bodies, which dried out and naturally turned into mummies, including not only the wool clothing they were wearing, but also features such as hair and even decoration. These “Tarim mummies”, as they have been collectively called, date from as early as 2100 BCE all the way up through the period of time we're currently talking about, and have been found in several desert sites: Xiaohe, the earliest yet discovered; Loulan, near Lop Nur on the east of the Tarim Basin, dating from around 1800 BCE; Cherchen, on the southern edge of the Tarim Basin, dating from roughly 1000 BCE; and too many others to go into in huge detail. The intriguing thing about these burials is that  many of them don't have features typically associated with people of ethnic Han—which is to say traditional Chinese—ancestry, nor do they necessarily have the features associated with the Xiongnu and other steppe nomads.  In addition they have colorful clothing  made from wool and leather, with vivid designs.  Some bodies near Hami, just east of the basin, were reported to have blonde to light brown hair, and their cloth showed radically different patterns from that found at Cherchen and Loulan, with patterns that could reasonably be compared with the plaids now common in places like Scotland and Ireland, and previously found in the Hallstadt salt mine in Central Europe from around 3500 BCE, from which it is thought the Celtic people may have originated. At the same time that people—largely Westerners— were studying these mummies, another discovery in the Tarim basin was also making waves.  This was the discovery of a brand new language.  Actually, it was two languages—or possibly two dialects of a language—in many manuscripts, preserved in Kucha and Turpan.  Once again, the dry desert conditions proved invaluable to maintain these manuscripts, which date from between the late 4th or early 5th century to the 8th century.  They are written with a Brahmic script, similar to that used for Sanskrit, which appears in the Tarim Basin l by about the 2nd century, and we were able to translate them because many of the texts were copies of Buddhist scripture, which greatly helped scholars in deciphering the languages.  These two languages were fascinating because they represented an as-yet undiscovered branch of the Indo-European language family.  Furthermore, when compared to other Indo-European languages, they did not show nearly as much similarity with their neighbors as with languages on the far western end of the Indo-European language family.  That is to say they were thought to be closer to Celtic and Italic languages than something like Indo-Iranian.  And now for a quick diversion within the diversion:  “Centum” and “Satem” are general divisions of the Indo-European language families that was once thought to indicate a geographic divide in the languages.  At its most basic, as Indo-European words changed over time, a labiovelar sound, something like “kw”,  tended to evolve in one of two ways.  In the Celtic and Italic languages, the “kw” went to a hard “k” sound, as represented in the classical pronunciation of the Latin word for 100:  Centum.  That same word, in the Avestan language—of the Indo-Iranian tree—is pronounced as “Satem”, with an “S” sound.  So, you can look at Indo-European languages and divide them generally into “centum” languages, which preserve the hard “k”, or “Satem” languages that preserve the S. With me so far? Getting back to these two newly-found languages in the Tarim Basin, the weird thing is that they were “Centum” languages. Most Centum languages are from pretty far away, though: they are generally found in western Europe or around the Mediterranean, as opposed to the Satem languages, such as Indo-Aryan, Iranian, Armernian, or even Baltic Slavic languages, which are much closer to the Tarim Basin.  So if the theory were true that the “Centum” family of Indo-European languages developed in the West and “Satem” languages developed in the East, then that would seem to indicate that a group of a “Centum” speaking people must have migrated eastward, through the various Satem speaking people, and settled in the Tarim Basin many thousands of years ago. And what evidence do we have of people who look very different from the modern population, living in the Tarim Basin area long before, and wearing clothing similar to what we associated with the progenitors of the Celts?  For many, it seemed to be somewhat obvious, if still incredible, that the speakers of this language were likely the descendants of the mummies who, in the terminology of the time, had been identified as being of Caucasoid ancestry.  A theory developed that these people were an offshoot of a group called the Yamnaya culture, which may have arisen around modern Ukraine as an admixture between the European Hunter Gatherers and the Caucasian Hunter Gatherers, around 3300-2600 BCE.  This was challenged in 2021 when a genetic study was performed on some of the mummies in the Tarim basin, as well as several from the Dzungarian basin, to the northeast.  That study suggested that the people of the Dzungarian basin had genetic ties to the people of the Afanasievo people, from Southern Siberia.  The Afanasievo people are connected to the Yamnayan culture. It should be noted that there has long been a fascination in Western anthropology and related sciences with racial identification—and often not in a healthy way.  As you may recall, the Ainu were identified as “Caucasoid” by some people largely because of things like the men's beards and lighter colored hair, which differ greatly from a large part of the Japanese population.  However, that claim has been repeatedly refuted and debunked. And similarly, the truth is, none of these Tarim mummy burials were in a period of written anything, so we can't conclusively associated them with these fascinating Indo-European languages.  There are thousands of years between the various burials and the manuscripts. These people  left no notes stashed in pockets that give us their life story.   And Language is not Genetics is not Culture.  Any group may adopt a given language for a variety of reasons.  .  Still, given what we know, it is possible that the ancient people of the Tarim basin spoke some form of “Proto-Kuchean”, but it is just as likely that this language was brought in by people from Dzungaria at some point. So why does all this matter to us?  Well, remember how we were talking about someone from Tukara?  The Kuchean language, at least, is referred to in an ancient Turkic source as belonging to “Twgry”, which led several scholars to draw a link between this and the kingdom and people called Tukara and the Tokharoi.  This leads us on another bit of a chase through history. Now if you recall, back in Episode 79, we talked about Zhang Qian.  In 128 BCE, he attempted to cross the Silk Road through the territory of the Xiongnu on a mission for the Han court.  Some fifty years earlier, the Xiongnu had defeated the Yuezhi.  They held territory in the oasis towns along the north of the Taklamakan dessert, from about the Turpan basin west to the Pamirs. The Xiongnu were causing problems for the Han, who thought that if they could contact the remaining Yuezhi they could make common cause with them and harass the Xiongnu from both sides.  Zhang Qian's story is quite remarkable: he started out with an escort of some 99 men and a translator.  Unfortunately, he was captured and enslaved by the Xiongnu during his journey, and he is even said to have had a wife and fathered a child.  He remained a captive for thirteen years, but nonetheless, he was able to escape with his family and he made it to the Great Yuezhi on the far side of the Pamirs, but apparently the Yuezhi weren't interested in a treaty against the Xiongnu.  The Pamirs were apparently enough of a barrier and they were thriving in their new land.  And so Zhang Qian crossed back again through Xiongnu territory, this time taking the southern route around the Tarim basin.  He was still captured by the Xiongnu, who spared his life.  He escaped, again, two years later, returning to the Han court.  Of the original 100 explorers, only two returned: Zhang Qian and his translator.  While he hadn't obtained an alliance, he was able to detail the cultures of the area of the Yuezhi. Many feel that the Kushan Empire, which is generally said to have existed from about 30 to 375 CE,was formed from the Kushana people who were part of the Yuezhi who fled the Xiongnu. In other words, they were originally from further north, around the Tarim Basin, and had been chased out and settled down in regions that included Bactria (as in the Bactrian camel).  Zhang Qian describes reaching the Dayuan Kingdom in the Ferghana valley, then traveling south to an area that was the home of the Great Yuezhi or Da Yuezhi.  And after the Kushan empire fell, we know there was a state in the upper regions of the Oxus river, centered on the city of Balkh, in the former territory of the Kushan empire. known as “Tokara”.  Geographically, this matches up how Zhang Qian described the home of the Da Yuezhi.  Furthermore, some scholars reconstruct the reading of the Sinic characters used for “Yuezhi” as originally having an optional reading of something like “Togwar”, but that is certainly not the most common reconstructed reading of those characters.  Greek sources describe this area as the home of the Tokharoi, or the Tokaran People.  The term “Tukhara” is also found in Sanskrit, and this kingdom  was also said to have sent ambassadors to the Southern Liang and Tang dynasties. We aren't exactly certain of where these Tokharan people came from, but as we've just described, there's a prevailing theory that they were the remnants of the Yuezhi and Kushana people originally from the Tarim Basin.  We know that in the 6th century they came under the rule of the Gokturk Khaganate, which once spanned from the Liao river basin to the Black Sea.  In the 7th and 8th centuries they came under the rule of the Tang Empire, where they were known by very similar characters as those used to write “Tukara” in the Nihon Shoki.  On top of this, we see Tokharans traveling the Silk Road, all the way to the Tang court.  Furthermore, Tokharans that settled in Chang'an took the surname “Zhi” from the ethnonym “Yuezhi”, seemingly laying claim to and giving validation to the identity used back in the Han dynasty.   So, we have a Turkic record describing the Kuchean people (as in, from Kucha in the Tarim Basin) as “Twgry”, and we have a kingdom in Bactria called Tokara and populated (according to the Greeks) by people called Tokharoi.  You can see how this one term has been a fascinating rabbit hole in the study of the Silk Roads and their history.  And some scholars understandably suggested that perhaps the Indo-European languags found in Kucha and Turpan  were actually related to this “Tokhara” – and therefore  should be called “Tocharian”, specifically Tocharian A (Kuchean) or Tocharian B (Turfanian). The problem is that if the Tokharans were speaking “Tocharian” then you wouldn't expect to just see it at Kucha and Turpan, which are about the middle of the road between Tokhara and the Tang dynasty, and which had long been under Gokturk rule.  You would also expect to see it in the areas of Bactria associated with Tokhara.  However, that isn't what we see.  Instead, we see that Bactria was the home of local Bactrian language—an Eastern Iranian language, which, though it is part of the Indo European language family, it is not closely related to Tocharian as far as we can tell. It is possible that the people of Kucha referred to themselves as something similar to “Twgry”, or “Tochari”, but we should also remember that comes from a Turkic source, and it could have been an exonym not related to what they called themselves.  I should also note that language is not people.  It is also possible that a particular ethnonym was maintained separately by two groups that may have been connected politically but which came to speak different languages for whatever reason.   There could be a connection between the names, or it could even be that the same or similar exonym was used for different groups. So, that was a lot and a bit of a ramble, but a lot of things that I find interesting—even if they aren't as connected as they may appear.  We have the Tarim mummies, which are, today, held at a museum in modern Urumqi.  Whether they had any connection with Europe or not, they remain a fascinating study for the wealth of material items found in and around the Tarim basin and similar locations.  And then there is the saga of the Tocharian languages—or perhaps more appropriately the Kuchean-Turfanian languages: Indo-European languages that seem to be well outside of where we would expect to find them. Finally, just past the Pamirs, we get to the land of Tokhara or Tokharistan.  Even without anything else, we know that they had contact with the court.  Perhaps our castaways were from this land?  The name is certainly similar to what we see in the Nihon Shoki, using some of the same characters. All in all, art and other information suggest that the area of the Tarim basin and the Silk Road in general were quite cosmopolitan, with many different people from different regions of the world.  Bactria retained Hellenic influences ever since the conquests of Alexander of Macedonia, aka Alexander the Great, and Sogdian and Persian traders regularly brought their caravans through the region to trade.  And once the Tang dynasty controlled all of the routes, that just made travel that much easier, and many people traveled back and forth. So from that perspective, it is possible that one or more people from Tukhara may have made the crossing from their home all the way to the Tang court, but if they did so, the question still remains: why would they be in a boat? Utilizing overland routes, they would have hit Chang'an or Louyang, the dual capitals of the Tang empire, well before they hit the ocean.  However, the Nihon Shoki says that these voyagers first came ashore at Amami and then later says that they were trying to get to the Tang court. Now there was another “Silk Road” that isn't as often mentioned: the sea route, following the coast of south Asia, around through the Malacca strait and north along the Asian coast.  This route is sometimes viewed more in terms of the “spice” road If these voyagers set out to get to the Tang court by boat, they would have to have traveled south to the Indian Ocean—possibly traveling through Shravasti or Sha'e, depending on the route they chose to take—and then around the Malacca strait—unless they made it on foot all the way to Southeast Asia.  And then they would have taken a boat up the coast. Why do that instead of taking the overland route?  They could likely have traveled directly to the Tang court over the overland silk road.  Even the from Southeast Asia could have traveled up through Yunnan and made their way to the Tang court that way.  In fact, Zhang Qian had wondered something similar when he made it to the site of the new home of the Yuezhi, in Bactria.  Even then, in the 2nd century, he saw products in the marketplace that he identified as coming from around Szechuan.  That would mean south of the Han dynasty, and he couldn't figure out how those trade routes might exist and they weren't already known to the court.  Merchants would have had to traverse the dangerous mountains if they wanted to avoid being caught by the Xiongnu, who controlled the entire region. After returning to the Han court, Zhang Qian actually went out on another expedition to the south, trying to find the southern trade routes, but apparently was not able to do so.  That said, we do see, in later centuries, the trade routes open up between the area of the Sichuan basin and South Asia.  We also see the migrations of people further south, and there may have even been some Roman merchants who traveled up this route to find their way to the Han court, though those accounts are not without their own controversy. In either case, whether by land or sea, these trade routes were not always open.  In some cases, seasonal weather, such as monsoons, might dictate movement back and forth, while political realities were also a factor.  Still, it is worth remembering that even though most people were largely concerned with affairs in their own backyard, the world was still more connected than people give it credit for.  Tang dynasty pottery made its way to the east coast of Africa, and ostriches were brought all the way to Chang'an. As for the travelers from Tukhara and why they would take this long and very round-about method of travel, it is possible that they were just explorers, seeking new routes, or even on some kind of pilgrimage.  Either way, they would have been way off course. But if they did pass through Southeast Asia, that would match up with another theory about what “Tukara” meant: that it actually refers to the Dvaravati kingdom in what is now modern Thailand.  The Dvaravati Kingdom was a Mon political entity that rose up around the 6th century.  It even sent embassies to the Sui and Tang courts.  This is even before the temple complexes in Siem Reap, such as Preah Ko and the more famous Angkor Wat.  And it was during this time that the ethnic Tai people are thought to have started migrating south from Yunnan, possibly due to pressures from the expanding Sui and Tang empires.  Today, most of what remains of the Dvaravati kingdom are the ruins of ancient stone temples, showing a heavy Indic influence, and even early Buddhist practices as well.  “Dvaravati” may not actually be the name of the kingdom but it comes from an inscription on a coin found from about that time.  The Chinese refer to it as  “To-lo-po-ti” in contemporary records.  It may not even have been a kingdom, but  more of a confederation of city-states—it is hard to piece everything together.  That it was well connected, though, is clear from the archaeological record.  In Dvaravati sites, we see coins from as far as Rome, and we even have a lamp found in modern Pong Tuk that appears to match similar examples from the Byzantine Empire in the 6th century.  Note that this doesn't mean it arrived in the 6th century—similarly with the coins—but the Dvaravati state lasted until the 12th century. If that was the case, perhaps there were some women from a place called “Shravasti” or similar, especially given the Indic influence in the region. Now, given the location of the Dvaravati, it wouldn't be so farfetched to think that someone might sail up from the Gulf of Thailand and end up off-course, though it does mean sailing up the entire Ryukyuan chain or really running off course and finding yourself adrift on the East China sea.  And if they were headed to the Tang court, perhaps they did have translators or knew Chinese, since Yamato was unlikely to know the Mon language of Dvaravati and people from Dvaravati probably wouldn't know the Japonic language.  Unless, perhaps, they were communicating through Buddhist priests via Sanskrit. We've now heard two possibilities for Tukara, both pretty far afield: the region of Tokara in Bactria, and the Dvaravati kingdom in Southeast Asia.  That said, the third and simplest explanation—and the one favored by Aston in his translation of the Nihon Shoki—is that Tukara is actually referring to a place in the Ryukyu island chain.  Specifically, there is a “Tokara” archipelago, which spans between Yakushima and Amami-Oshima.  This is part of the Nansei islands, and the closest part of the Ryukyuan island chain to the main Japanese archipelago.  This is the most likely theory, and could account for the entry talking about Amami.  It is easy to see how sailors could end up adrift, too far north, and come to shore in Hyuga, aka Himuka, on the east side of Kyushu.  It certainly would make more sense for them to be from this area of the Ryukyuan archipelago than from anywhere else.  From Yakushima to Amami-Oshima is the closest part of the island chain to Kyushu, and as we see in the entry from the Shoku Nihongi, those three places seem to have been connected as being near to Japan.  So what was going on down there, anyway? Well, first off, let's remember that the Ryukyuan archipelago is not just the island of Okinawa, but a series of islands that go from Kyushu all the way to the island of Taiwan.  Geographically speaking, they are all part of the same volcanic ridge extending southward.  The size of the islands and their distance from each other does vary, however, creating some natural barriers in the form of large stretches of open water, which have shaped how various groups developed on the islands. Humans came to the islands around the same time they were reaching the Japanese mainland.  In fact, some of our only early skeletal remains for early humans in Japan actually come from either the Ryukyuan peninsula in the south or around Hokkaido to the north, and that has to do with the acidity of the soil in much of mainland Japan. Based on genetic studies, we know that at least two groups appear to have inhabited the islands from early times.  One group appears to be related to the Jomon people of Japan, while the other appears to be more related to the indigenous people of Taiwan, who, themselves, appear to have been the ancestors of many Austronesian people.  Just as some groups followed islands to the south of Taiwan, some appear to have headed north.  However, they only made it so far.  As far as I know there is no evidence they made it past Miyakoshima, the northernmost island in the Sakishima islands.  Miyako island is separated from the next large island, Okinawa, by a large strait, known as the Miyako Strait, though sometimes called the Kerama gap in English.  It is a 250km wide stretch of open ocean, which is quite the distance for anyone to travel, even for Austronesian people of Taiwan, who had likely not developed the extraordinary navigational technologies that the people who would become the Pacific Islanders would discover. People on the Ryukyu island chain appear to have been in contact with the people of the Japanese archipelago since at least the Jomon period, and some of the material artifacts demonstrate a cultural connection.  That was likely impacted by the Akahoya eruption, about 3500 years ago, and then re-established at a later date.  We certainly see sea shells and corals trade to the people of the Japanese islands from fairly early on. Unlike the people on the Japanese archipelago, the people of the Ryukyuan archipelago did not really adopt the Yayoi and later Kofun culture.  They weren't building large, mounded tombs, and they retained the character of a hunter-gatherer society, rather than transitioning to a largely agricultural way of life.  The pottery does change in parts of Okinawa, which makes sense given the connections between the regions.  Unfortunately, there is a lot we don't know about life in the islands around this time.  We don't exactly have written records, other than things like the entries in the Nihon Shoki, and those are hardly the most detailed of accounts.  In the reign of Kashikiya Hime, aka Suiko Tennou, we see people from Yakushima, which is, along with Tanegashima, one of the largest islands at the northern end of the Ryukyu chain, just before you hit Kagoshima and the Osumi peninsula on the southern tip of Kyushu.  The islands past that would be the Tokara islands, until you hit the large island of Amami. So you can see how it would make sense that the people from “Tokara” would make sense to be from the area between Yakushima and Amami, and in many ways this explanation seems too good to be true.  There are a only a few things that make this a bit peculiar. First, this doesn't really explain the woman from “Sha'e” in any compelling way that I can see.  Second, the name, Kenzuhashi Tatsuna doesn't seem to fit with what we generally know about early Japonic names, and the modern Ryukyuan language certainly is a Japonic language, but there are still plenty of possible explanations.  There is also the connection of Tokara with “Tokan”, which is mentioned in an entry in 699 in the Shoku Nihongi, the Chronicle that follows on, quite literally to the Nihon Shoki.  Why would they call it “Tokan” instead of “Tokara” so soon after?  Also, why would these voyagers go back to their country by way of the Tang court?  Unless, of course, that is where they were headed in the first place.  In which case, did the Man from Tukara intentionally leave his wife in Yamato, or was she something of a hostage while they continued on their mission?   And so those are the theories.  The man from “Tukara” could be from Tokhara, or Tokharistan, at the far end of the Silk Road.  Or it could have been referring to the Dvaravati Kingdom, in modern Thailand.  Still, in the end, Occam's razor suggests that the simplest answer is that these were actually individuals from the Tokara islands in the Ryukyuan archipelago.  It is possible that they were from Amami, not that they drifted there.  More likely, a group from Amami drifted ashore in Kyushu as they were trying to find a route to the Tang court, as they claimed.  Instead they found themselves taking a detour to the court of Yamato, instead. And we could have stuck with that story, but I thought that maybe, just maybe, this would be a good time to reflect once again on how connected everything was.  Because even if they weren't from Dvaravati, that Kingdom was still trading with Rome and with the Tang.  And the Tang controlled the majority of the overland silk road through the Tarim basin.  We even know that someone from Tukhara made it to Chang'an, because they were mentioned on a stele that talked about an Asian sect of Christianity, the “Shining Religion”, that was praised and allowed to set up shop in the Tang capital, along with Persian Manicheans and Zoroastrians.  Regardless of where these specific people may have been from, the world was clearly growing only more connected, and prospering, as well. Next episode we'll continue to look at how things were faring between the archipelago and the continent. Until then thank you for listening and for all of your support. If you like what we are doing, please tell your friends and feel free to rate us wherever you listen to podcasts.  If you feel the need to do more, and want to help us keep this going, we have information about how you can donate on Patreon or through our KoFi site, ko-fi.com/sengokudaimyo, or find the links over at our main website,  SengokuDaimyo.com/Podcast, where we will have some more discussion on topics from this episode. Also, feel free to reach out to our Sengoku Daimyo Facebook page.  You can also email us at the.sengoku.daimyo@gmail.com.  Thank you, also, to Ellen for their work editing the podcast. And that's all for now.  Thank you again, and I'll see you next episode on Sengoku Daimyo's Chronicles of Japan.  

Occam’s razor states that “entities should not be multiplied beyond necessity.” This hour is all about Occam’s razor: where the principle came from, how it impacts science, its role in medicine, and how it shapes our daily lives. GUESTS: Kurt Andersen: Co-founder of Spy magazine, the host and co-creator of Studio 360, and the author of Fantasyland: How America Went Haywire — A 500-Year History Johnjoe McFadden: Author of Life Is Simple: How Occam’s Razor Set Science Free and Shapes the Universe Lisa Sanders: Clinician educator in the Primary Care Internal Medicine Residency Program at the Yale School of Medicine and the author of the Diagnosis column for The New York Times Magazine The Colin McEnroe Show is available as a podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Amazon Music, TuneIn, Listen Notes, or wherever you get your podcasts. Subscribe and never miss an episode. Join the conversation on Facebook and Twitter. Colin McEnroe, Jonathan McNicol, Cat Pastor contributed to this show, which originally aired November 17, 2021.Support the show: http://www.wnpr.org/donateSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

SYNOPSIS: This episode features Dr. Zoolittle (Penny), a British Australian polymath and the world's first Longevity Zoologist. Penny shares her unique career journey, starting from her childhood passion for animals to her groundbreaking work using functional and regenerative medicine to extend the healthy lifespan of animals. Ali and Penny discuss her experiences with various species, her approach to animal mental health, and her belief in the innate intelligence and emotional richness of animals. The conversation also touches on the power of feeling and transmitting love, interspecies relationships, and the vast potential humans have to learn from the animal kingdom.To be an angel to the podcast, click hereTo read more about the podcast, click hereMORE ALI MEZEY:Website:  https://www.alimezey.comPersonal Geometry® and the Magic of Mat Work Course information:https://www.alimezey.com/personal-geometry-foundationsTransgenerational Healing Films: https://constellationarts.com/MORE DR. ZOOLITTLE:Website: www.drzoolittle.coInstagram: @drzoolittle   Youtube:  https://www.youtube.com/@petparentlongevity  LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/pennywoodzoologistFOR YOUR GIFT: "A Guide to the 7 Pillars of Animal Longevity"Penny's Fire Recovery Guide to share with pet owners living in fire zonesBIO: Penny, a British-Australian polymath, has been a film designer, lion trainer, helicopter hostess, celebrity concierge, author and flying trapeze artist. She has lived in the jungles of Papua New Guinea, dived the Barrier Reef with sharks, out-skied an avalanche and had her hair styled by raccoons. However, her real profession is the world's first Longevity Zoologist where she applies Functional and Regenerative Medicine to naturally extend the healthy lifespan of animals. She is also a Cognitive Ethologist, specialized in animal mental health, behaviour and their relationships with people. Affectionately known as Dr Zoolittle, Penny's signature approach ‘rewilds' animal health and happiness by combining the robust strategies of wild animals with cutting edge-longevity biology. As well a consulting for zoos, she teaches how to stop inadvertently shortening your pet's life and shows you how to help protect animals from age-related diseases. Penny offers Puppy & Kitten Development programs, equipping Pet Parents to raise pets with invincible health, sparkling confidence and impeccable manners. For adult pets, she teaches Dream Dog Finishing School that gives pets a Longevity Lifestyle so they can live into their 20s, full of joy and vitality. OTHER RESOURCES, LINKS AND INSPIRATIONS:Family Constellation Work is a therapeutic approach that explores an individual's emotional and behavioral challenges in the context of their family system. It seeks to uncover hidden dynamics, unresolved traumas, or entanglements in the family lineage that may influence current issues. The process often involves using group role-play or visualization to represent family members and relationships, creating a “constellation” that reveals these patterns and helps to restore balance and harmony. See Transgenerational Healing Films: https://constellationarts.com/Walking in Your Shoes: WIYS is a process that allows the practitioner, in partnership with a facilitator, to address questions or needs through an intuitive questioning of the body-mind through movement. The applications of the questioning process are quite broad and can be applied to everything from healing trauma and managing addiction, to business development or a more organic method of acting. This is another means of “knowing” through your body. Occam's Razor is a principle that suggests the simplest explanation, with the fewest assumptions, is usually the best one. It doesn't guarantee correctness but serves as a guide to avoid overcomplicating solutions. The idea is widely used in science, philosophy, and problem-solving to evaluate competing theories or explanations.René Descartes (1596–1650): French philosopher, mathematician, and key figure in modern philosophy. Known for "Cogito, ergo sum" (I think, therefore I am) and contributions to the scientific method and analytical geometry.Cartesian Divide: The conceptual separation between mind and body, coined after René Descartes, emphasizing a dualistic view of human existence, isolating mental and physical aspects.Merlin Sheldrake's book, Entangled LifeHELP US SHARE OUR MESSAGEOur events remain free as part of our mission to awaken people to the boundless potential of our bodies, inviting them to explore the profound knowledge, memory, brilliance & capacity within. By delving into the depths of our bodily intelligence as a healing resource for not just ourselves, but as a part of the larger, global body, we have the potential for meaningful change and experiences as bodies. Join us in this journey of transformation as we redefine our understanding of the human body and its infinite capabilities. While our events remain free, any contributions are deeply appreciated and are seen as a generous gesture of support and encouragement in sharing our messages with the world.

Eilon Reshef is the co-founder and chief product officer at Gong, one of the most ubiquitous B2B products in the world. In our conversation, we discuss:• Gong's unique approach to working with design partners• Their unique pod model• Why Eilon makes big decisions quickly• Lessons learned from being early in AI• The power of extreme focus• His “spiral method” for learning complex topics quickly• How to maintain quality while optimizing for speed—Brought to you by:• WorkOS—Modern identity platform for B2B SaaS, free up to 1 million MAUs• Think Fast Talk Smart—Tools and techniques to help you communicate more effectively• Vanta—Automate compliance. Simplify security—Find the transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/inside-gong-eilon-reshef—Where to find Eilon Reshef:• LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/eilonreshef—Where to find Lenny:• Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com• X: https://twitter.com/lennysan• LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/—In this episode, we cover:(00:00) Eilon's background(04:20) The pod model(06:33) Working with design partners(09:13) Finding and coordinating design partners(13:12) Balancing customer feedback and vision(15:10) Gong's 95% feature adoption(17:05) The importance of autonomy and trust(23:30) How to implement this unique way of working(27:15) Speed and decision-making(31:47) Early AI adoption and lessons learned(35:50) Building effective AI teams(38:16) The spiral method for learning(41:36) Narrowing down the initial customer profile(44:24) Failure corner(46:35) Lightning round—Referenced:• Gong: https://www.gong.io• Cisco: https://www.cisco.com/• How Gong builds product: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/how-gong-builds-product• What is Montessori education?: https://amshq.org/About-Montessori/What-Is-Montessori• Isaac Asimov: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Asimov• Amit Bendov on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/amitbendov/• Lessons from scaling Spotify: The science of product, taking risky bets, and how AI is already impacting the future of music | Gustav Söderström (Co-President, CPO, and CTO at Spotify): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/lessons-from-scaling-spotify-the• Nvidia: https://www.nvidia.com• Figma: https://www.figma.com• The Spiral Method: https://www.gong.io/blog/using-the-spiral-method/• Webex: https://www.webex.com/• L'Oréal: https://www.lorealparisusa.com/• American Express: https://www.americanexpress.com/• Slow Horses on AppleTV+: https://tv.apple.com/us/show/slow-horses/umc.cmc.2szz3fdt71tl1ulnbp8utgq5o• Dishwasher basket: https://www.amazon.com/Munchkin-High-Capacity-Dishwasher-Basket/dp/B07ZPMYKKS/• What most people miss about marketing | Rory Sutherland (Vice Chairman of Ogilvy UK, author): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/what-most-people-miss-about-marketing• Occam's razor: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occam%27s_razor• Hanlon's razor: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanlon%27s_razor• Sabich: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabich#Ingredients_and_description• Careers at Gong: https://www.gong.io/careers—Recommended books:• Marty Cagan's books: https://www.amazon.com/stores/Marty-Cagan/author/B00J21JTNM• “The Machine That Won the War”: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/18402398-the-machine-that-won-the-war• Crossing the Chasm: Marketing and Selling Disruptive Products to Mainstream Customers: https://www.amazon.com/Crossing-Chasm-3rd-Disruptive-Mainstream/dp/0062292986• The Ideal Executive: https://www.amazon.com/Ideal-Executive-Ichak-Kalderon-Adizes/dp/0937120030/• Crucial Conversations: Tools for Talking when Stakes Are High: https://www.amazon.com/Crucial-Conversations-Tools-Talking-Stakes/dp/1260474186/—Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.—Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed. Get full access to Lenny's Newsletter at www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

Shaun Clowes is the chief product officer at Confluent and former CPO at Salesforce's MuleSoft and at Metromile. He was also the first head of growth at Atlassian, where he led product for Jira Agile and built the first-ever B2B growth team. In our conversation, we discuss:• Why most PMs are bad, and how to fix this• Why great AI products are all about the data• Why he changed his mind about being data-driven• How to build your B2B growth team• How to choose your next career stop• Much more—Brought to you by:• Enterpret—Transform customer feedback into product growth• BuildBetter—AI for product teams• Wix Studio—The web creation platform built for agencies—Find the transcript at: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/why-great-ai-products-are-all-about-the-data-shaun-clowes—Where to find Shaun Clowes:• X: https://x.com/ShaunMClowes• LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/shaun-clowes-80795014/• Website: https://shaunclowes.com/about-shaun• Reforge: https://www.reforge.com/profiles/shaun-clowes—Where to find Lenny:• Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com• X: https://twitter.com/lennysan• LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/—In this episode, we cover:(00:00) Shaun's background(05:08) The state of product management(09:33) Becoming a 10x product manager(13:23) Specific ways to leverage AI in product management(17:15) Feedback rivers(19:20) AI's impact on data management(24:35) The future of enterprise businesses with AI(35:41) Data-driven decision-making(45:50) Building effective growth teams(50:18) The evolution of product-led growth(56:16) Career insights and decision-making(01:07:45) Failure corner(01:12:32) Final thoughts and lightning round—Referenced:• Steve Blank's website: https://steveblank.com/• Getting Out of the Building. 2 Minutes to See Why: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TbMgWr1YVfs• OpenAI: https://openai.com/• Claude: https://claude.ai/• Sachin Rekhi on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/sachinrekhi/• Video: Building Your Product Intuition with Feedback Rivers: https://www.sachinrekhi.com/video-building-your-product-intuition-with-feedback-rivers• Confluent: https://www.confluent.io• Workday: https://www.workday.com/• Lenny and Friends Summit: https://lennyssummit.com/• A conversation with OpenAI's CPO Kevin Weil, Anthropic's CPO Mike Krieger, and Sarah Guo: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IxkvVZua28k• Anthropic: https://www.anthropic.com/• Salesforce: https://www.salesforce.com/• Atlassian: https://www.atlassian.com/• Jira: https://www.atlassian.com/software/jira• Ashby: https://www.ashbyhq.com/• Occam's razor: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occam%27s_razor• Breaking the rules of growth: Why Shopify bans KPIs, optimizes for churn, prioritizes intuition, and builds toward a 100-year vision | Archie Abrams (VP Product, Head of Growth at Shopify): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/shopifys-growth-archie-abrams• Charlie Munger quote: https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/11903426-show-me-the-incentive-and-i-ll-show-you-the-outcome• Elena Verna on how B2B growth is changing, product-led growth, product-led sales, why you should go freemium not trial, what features to make free, and much more: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/elena-verna-on-why-every-company• The ultimate guide to product-led sales | Elena Verna: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/the-ultimate-guide-to-product-led• Metromile: https://www.metromile.com/• Tom Kennedy on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tom-kennedy-37356b2b/• Building Wiz: the fastest-growing startup in history | Raaz Herzberg (CMO and VP Product Strategy): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/building-wiz-raaz-herzberg• Wiz: https://www.wiz.io• Colin Powell's 40-70 rule: https://www.42courses.com/blog/home/2019/12/10/colin-powells-40-70-rule• Detroiters on Netflix: https://www.netflix.com/title/80165019• Glean: https://www.glean.com/• Radical Candor: Be a Kick-Ass Boss Without Losing Your Humanity: https://www.amazon.com/Radical-Candor-Kick-Ass-Without-Humanity/dp/1250103509• Listen: Five Simple Tools to Meet Your Everyday Parenting Challenges: https://www.amazon.com/Listen-Simple-Everyday-Parenting-Challenges/dp/0997459301• Empress Falls Canyon and abseiling: https://bmac.com.au/blue-mountains-canyoning/empress-falls-canyon-and-abseiling—Recommended books:• The Lean Startup: How Today's Entrepreneurs Use Continuous Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses: https://www.amazon.com/Lean-Startup-Entrepreneurs-Continuous-Innovation/dp/0307887898• Inspired: How to Create Products Customers Love: https://www.amazon.com/Inspired-Create-Products-Customers-Love/dp/0981690408—Production and marketing by https://penname.co/. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com.—Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed. Get full access to Lenny's Newsletter at www.lennysnewsletter.com/subscribe

"When I was five, I saw a ghost of a woman clothed in blue walking across the room"Philip Carr-Gomm is an author, psychologist, and Druid leader known for his work in spirituality, nature connection, and personal growth. He served as the Chief of the Order of Bards, Ovates, and Druids (OBOD) for over 30 years, guiding one of the largest international Druid orders. Philip has written extensively on Druidry, mythology, and meditation, with notable books including The Druid Way and Sacred Places. He combines ancient wisdom with modern psychology, offering insights into living harmoniously with nature and fostering inner peace. Philip is also a speaker and educator, exploring topics like storytelling, ritual, and the intersection of spirituality and mental health.

In today's episode of the Atheist Experience, Armin Navabi and Kelley Laughlin, face attacks with no gravity and hurl their molecules under a big udder that prevents the sacrifice of finding the truth behind what the U.S. was based on. Chuck in HI says he has scientific evidence for god and this is that the matter in the universe is eternal. He goes on to say there is no such thing as gravity and that god is holding everything together. Where is the evidence for this self aware, thinking agent that holds the universe together? The caller uses an inappropriate ad hominem and is warned by the hosts. He then goes on to try to convince the hosts that the same molecule is inhaled that is exhaled. How would this get us to god if it is true? Why does something have to make the atoms work and what is the work you think they are doing? The caller continues his childish attempts at insulting the hosts before repeating claims instead of providing the evidence for the claims. Jackie in MS name dropped right off the bat even though Kelley explicitly asked him not to. He proposes that religion becomes a big udder that prevents sacrifice. How can you make your own points without referring to other philosophers? The key is to communicate in a way that is understandable. Why is there a need to use words that are undefined? Mike in SC wants to know how to determine if something is true. Armin likes to put things into two categories: empiricism(more reliable) and rationalism(less reliable). He explains how critical thinking skills and spotting logical fallacies play into figuring out which arguments are the best in addition to using Occam's Razor. There is a difference between the truth and what is justified.Kelley looks for unambiguous empirical evidence to find truth. The topic swings over to the existence of Jesus. Where is the evidence for the resurrection? Why should we believe the Bible being used to prove the Bible? How do you get from the claims of physical evidence to the supernatural? How do people being willing to die for their religion make it true? People have died for bad ideas and things that are wrong throughout history. What is your path to truth and how do you arrive there? When do you accept your evidence and what is your process to prove it? If you have a low percentage of surety, what makes the difference between a positive and a negative decision? Jon in Canada asks Kelley if he believes the U.S. was based on Christianity. Kelley explains how people misunderstand that separation of church was put there to protect religion from the government. And how many of the founding fathers were deists meaning that the U.S. was not based on Christianity but there were Christian influences on the founding of this nation. Ben Clodfelter joined to close out the show as Kelley cut a red tie. Thank you for tuning in this week! Prompt for the week is: When is it inappropriate to respond to, “checkmate atheists”?Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-atheist-experience--3254896/support.

Turkey Straw. Are you ready to receive my limp, limp chip? The Great Vatican Pope Off. Poperection. Cutting open a bag with Occam's Razor. Bounty Bleacher Butt Boy. All of Scott's nightmares in one place. Bodily Fluid Lottery. Pirate High School Musical. Everyone Thought I Peeeeeeeeeeed. Anchorite? AnchorWRONG! Andre the Oil Checker. Doesn't have a hairy leg to stand on. Super-absorbent Teenager. Business Hair with Bobby and more on this episode of The Morning Stream. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Welcome to our latest episode, where we focus on empowering your retirement journey with clarity and energy. Today, we delve into two powerful mental models, Occam's Razor and Hanlon's Razor, to simplify your retirement planning and decision-making processes. We also welcome back Dr. Bobby Dubois in our Rock Life segment, where he shares insights on living longer and more energetically. Don't miss our discussion on practical steps to enhance your life and retirement.PRACTICAL PLANNING SEGMENT(00:55) Roger will host a live online meetup on November 7 to discuss ROTH Conversions(02:30) Today we are going to talk about Occam's Razor and Hanlon's Razor(04:20) Occam's Razor talks about when confronted with multiple options, the simplest is the best. Don't overcomplicate things.(05:20) How to apply Occam's Razor in retirement planning(10:43) Hanlon's razor says never attribute to malice that which can be adequately explained by  incompetence or ignorance(12:15) Humans are messy and are usually not trying to harm or cause problems(12:50) How do you apply Hanlon's Razor to retirement planning?INTERVIEW WITH DR. BOBBY(15:53) Today we are going to focus on building energy and discuss four different studies about inflammation.(17:00) The first study talks about how sleep impacts inflammation.(21:45) The next study discusses measures of inflammation that can be tested in the blood and what they suggest.(26:05) Third study shows exercise can improve our sleep and reduce inflammation(28:20) One study looked at five characteristics of an 80 year old to determine who was more likely to live to 100.(30:54) The takeaways are, there are things we can do that can really help us live long and well. Sleep, exercise, and diet can really make a difference in longevity. SMART SPRINT(32:40) I want you to look for an opportunity to practice Occam's or Hanlon's Razor in the next seven days.Six Shot Saturday Email Retirement Answer Man Webinar RegistrationBooks:The Great Mental Models- Shane ParrishPodcasts:Live Long and Well with Dr. Bobby- Episode 3: Sleep