Podcasts about economic cooperation

진행자: 간형우, Devin WhitingThe women behind Korea's fight for equality기사 요약: 한국 사회에서 성평등을 위해 활동해 온 여성 활동가·변호사·운동가들의 역할과 노력[1] Alongside South Korea's rapid modernization, women's lives have been profoundly transformed.rapid: 빠른modernization: 현대화profoundly: 깊이, 완전히[2] Korean women continue to face structural barriers, including one of the widest gender pay gaps among members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and persistent gender-based violence.structural: 구조적인persistent: 끈질긴[3] The push for equality has also fueled intense debates over feminism and gender relations in Korean society.fuel: 부채질하다intense: 치열한, 극심한[4] Yet there have been major gains in education, employment and political participation. Across literature, law, politics and social movements, generations of women have challenged entrenched norms and risked their livelihoods to expand the boundaries of opportunity.gain: 개선, 증가entrenched: 견고한, 확립된norms: 규범boundary: 경계기사 원문: https://www.koreaherald.com/article/10687862

The battlefields were not the only places that threatened death during World War I. As conflict raged on and supply lines tightened, the allied powers of France, Britain, and Italy faced a fundamental problem: keeping their soldier and civilian populations safe from starvation. Wheat at War: Allied Economic Cooperation in the Great War (Oxford UP, 2025) describes how, faced with this immense challenge, the Allies devised a multilateral institution--the Wheat Executive--to do what no state could do alone. Rosella Cappella Zielinski and Paul Poast examine the difficult considerations made by the allied powers when ceding authority to an international body that would make decisions for them. Beyond successfully managing wheat shipping and distribution, they argue, the Wheat Executive proved to have significant influence in the evolving landscape of interstate cooperation. As a case study, the Wheat Executive improves our understanding of international institutional design, the importance of commodities during wartime, economic coordination amongst wartime coalition members, and the legacies of international cooperation during the First World War. As one of the first great experiments in supranationalism, the Allies' management of wheat while at war provides lessons about the emergence of international organizations and their contours. Jobie Turner is a military historian who studies logistics in warfare.  His most recent work is Feeding Victory:  Innovative Logistics from Lake George to Khe Sanh, 1755-1968 which discuss the impact of technology on transportation across three centuries of warfare.  Jobie is a retired Colonel in the USAF and a pilot for United Airlines email: here  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

The battlefields were not the only places that threatened death during World War I. As conflict raged on and supply lines tightened, the allied powers of France, Britain, and Italy faced a fundamental problem: keeping their soldier and civilian populations safe from starvation. Wheat at War: Allied Economic Cooperation in the Great War (Oxford UP, 2025) describes how, faced with this immense challenge, the Allies devised a multilateral institution--the Wheat Executive--to do what no state could do alone. Rosella Cappella Zielinski and Paul Poast examine the difficult considerations made by the allied powers when ceding authority to an international body that would make decisions for them. Beyond successfully managing wheat shipping and distribution, they argue, the Wheat Executive proved to have significant influence in the evolving landscape of interstate cooperation. As a case study, the Wheat Executive improves our understanding of international institutional design, the importance of commodities during wartime, economic coordination amongst wartime coalition members, and the legacies of international cooperation during the First World War. As one of the first great experiments in supranationalism, the Allies' management of wheat while at war provides lessons about the emergence of international organizations and their contours. Jobie Turner is a military historian who studies logistics in warfare.  His most recent work is Feeding Victory:  Innovative Logistics from Lake George to Khe Sanh, 1755-1968 which discuss the impact of technology on transportation across three centuries of warfare.  Jobie is a retired Colonel in the USAF and a pilot for United Airlines email: here  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

The battlefields were not the only places that threatened death during World War I. As conflict raged on and supply lines tightened, the allied powers of France, Britain, and Italy faced a fundamental problem: keeping their soldier and civilian populations safe from starvation. Wheat at War: Allied Economic Cooperation in the Great War (Oxford UP, 2025) describes how, faced with this immense challenge, the Allies devised a multilateral institution--the Wheat Executive--to do what no state could do alone. Rosella Cappella Zielinski and Paul Poast examine the difficult considerations made by the allied powers when ceding authority to an international body that would make decisions for them. Beyond successfully managing wheat shipping and distribution, they argue, the Wheat Executive proved to have significant influence in the evolving landscape of interstate cooperation. As a case study, the Wheat Executive improves our understanding of international institutional design, the importance of commodities during wartime, economic coordination amongst wartime coalition members, and the legacies of international cooperation during the First World War. As one of the first great experiments in supranationalism, the Allies' management of wheat while at war provides lessons about the emergence of international organizations and their contours. Jobie Turner is a military historian who studies logistics in warfare.  His most recent work is Feeding Victory:  Innovative Logistics from Lake George to Khe Sanh, 1755-1968 which discuss the impact of technology on transportation across three centuries of warfare.  Jobie is a retired Colonel in the USAF and a pilot for United Airlines email: here  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/military-history

The battlefields were not the only places that threatened death during World War I. As conflict raged on and supply lines tightened, the allied powers of France, Britain, and Italy faced a fundamental problem: keeping their soldier and civilian populations safe from starvation. Wheat at War: Allied Economic Cooperation in the Great War (Oxford UP, 2025) describes how, faced with this immense challenge, the Allies devised a multilateral institution--the Wheat Executive--to do what no state could do alone. Rosella Cappella Zielinski and Paul Poast examine the difficult considerations made by the allied powers when ceding authority to an international body that would make decisions for them. Beyond successfully managing wheat shipping and distribution, they argue, the Wheat Executive proved to have significant influence in the evolving landscape of interstate cooperation. As a case study, the Wheat Executive improves our understanding of international institutional design, the importance of commodities during wartime, economic coordination amongst wartime coalition members, and the legacies of international cooperation during the First World War. As one of the first great experiments in supranationalism, the Allies' management of wheat while at war provides lessons about the emergence of international organizations and their contours. Jobie Turner is a military historian who studies logistics in warfare.  His most recent work is Feeding Victory:  Innovative Logistics from Lake George to Khe Sanh, 1755-1968 which discuss the impact of technology on transportation across three centuries of warfare.  Jobie is a retired Colonel in the USAF and a pilot for United Airlines email: here  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/food

The battlefields were not the only places that threatened death during World War I. As conflict raged on and supply lines tightened, the allied powers of France, Britain, and Italy faced a fundamental problem: keeping their soldier and civilian populations safe from starvation. Wheat at War: Allied Economic Cooperation in the Great War (Oxford UP, 2025) describes how, faced with this immense challenge, the Allies devised a multilateral institution--the Wheat Executive--to do what no state could do alone. Rosella Cappella Zielinski and Paul Poast examine the difficult considerations made by the allied powers when ceding authority to an international body that would make decisions for them. Beyond successfully managing wheat shipping and distribution, they argue, the Wheat Executive proved to have significant influence in the evolving landscape of interstate cooperation. As a case study, the Wheat Executive improves our understanding of international institutional design, the importance of commodities during wartime, economic coordination amongst wartime coalition members, and the legacies of international cooperation during the First World War. As one of the first great experiments in supranationalism, the Allies' management of wheat while at war provides lessons about the emergence of international organizations and their contours. Jobie Turner is a military historian who studies logistics in warfare.  His most recent work is Feeding Victory:  Innovative Logistics from Lake George to Khe Sanh, 1755-1968 which discuss the impact of technology on transportation across three centuries of warfare.  Jobie is a retired Colonel in the USAF and a pilot for United Airlines email: here  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/european-studies

The battlefields were not the only places that threatened death during World War I. As conflict raged on and supply lines tightened, the allied powers of France, Britain, and Italy faced a fundamental problem: keeping their soldier and civilian populations safe from starvation. Wheat at War: Allied Economic Cooperation in the Great War (Oxford UP, 2025) describes how, faced with this immense challenge, the Allies devised a multilateral institution--the Wheat Executive--to do what no state could do alone. Rosella Cappella Zielinski and Paul Poast examine the difficult considerations made by the allied powers when ceding authority to an international body that would make decisions for them. Beyond successfully managing wheat shipping and distribution, they argue, the Wheat Executive proved to have significant influence in the evolving landscape of interstate cooperation. As a case study, the Wheat Executive improves our understanding of international institutional design, the importance of commodities during wartime, economic coordination amongst wartime coalition members, and the legacies of international cooperation during the First World War. As one of the first great experiments in supranationalism, the Allies' management of wheat while at war provides lessons about the emergence of international organizations and their contours. Jobie Turner is a military historian who studies logistics in warfare.  His most recent work is Feeding Victory:  Innovative Logistics from Lake George to Khe Sanh, 1755-1968 which discuss the impact of technology on transportation across three centuries of warfare.  Jobie is a retired Colonel in the USAF and a pilot for United Airlines email: here  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The battlefields were not the only places that threatened death during World War I. As conflict raged on and supply lines tightened, the allied powers of France, Britain, and Italy faced a fundamental problem: keeping their soldier and civilian populations safe from starvation. Wheat at War: Allied Economic Cooperation in the Great War (Oxford UP, 2025) describes how, faced with this immense challenge, the Allies devised a multilateral institution--the Wheat Executive--to do what no state could do alone. Rosella Cappella Zielinski and Paul Poast examine the difficult considerations made by the allied powers when ceding authority to an international body that would make decisions for them. Beyond successfully managing wheat shipping and distribution, they argue, the Wheat Executive proved to have significant influence in the evolving landscape of interstate cooperation. As a case study, the Wheat Executive improves our understanding of international institutional design, the importance of commodities during wartime, economic coordination amongst wartime coalition members, and the legacies of international cooperation during the First World War. As one of the first great experiments in supranationalism, the Allies' management of wheat while at war provides lessons about the emergence of international organizations and their contours. Jobie Turner is a military historian who studies logistics in warfare.  His most recent work is Feeding Victory:  Innovative Logistics from Lake George to Khe Sanh, 1755-1968 which discuss the impact of technology on transportation across three centuries of warfare.  Jobie is a retired Colonel in the USAF and a pilot for United Airlines email: here 

The Chinese president outlines three priorities for future ties with Germany, as the two sides agree to promote cooperation, and uphold free trade (01:03). Iran and the U.S. hold a third round of indirect talks in Geneva amid a major American military build-up in the Middle East (15:48). The Chinese Consulate-General in Osaka urges citizens to avoid traveling to Japan amid deterioration in public security (25:39).

This Spring Festival, China isn't just welcoming the Year of the Horse. It's welcoming the world. Foreign flight bookings are up more than 400 percent, with visitors flooding in from Russia, Europe, and even Argentina. Why now? What's driving this surge? Visas, social media, or something deeper? And as more foreigners come to China to experience the holiday, is Spring Festival becoming a global cultural event. Host Tu Yun joins Helen Han, Co-founder and Secretary General, the Beijing Club for International Dialogue, Dr. Zhou Mi, Senior Research Fellow, the Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, and Mike Bastin, China observer and Senior Lecturer, the University of Southampton to break down the boom and what it means for China and for travelers from around the world.

China and the UK have signed major agreements during Prime Minister Keir Starmer's visit to boost market access, services cooperation, and sustainable economic ties.

A global minimum tax deal that exempts American companies from key provisions is a better outcome for European business than the alternative of US retaliatory taxes, the co-chair of the OECD's business committee said. The package agreed to this month by more than 145 countries at the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development headed off a threat of steep US taxes on foreign companies if global concessions weren't made. In this episode of Talking Tax, Christian Kaeser, global head of tax at Siemens AG, told Bloomberg Tax reporter Ryan Hogg that some of his European counterparts regarded the deal as “lopsided” but welcomed new permanent safe harbors that were created with input from Business at OECD, known as BIAC. Kaeser is co-chair of BIAC's tax committee. “I'm pretty happy with the outcome,” he said. Competitive disparities created by the deal can be remedied by simplification of the EU's own rules, including scrapping of the bloc's controlled foreign companies anti-tax avoidance regime, he said. As for Pillar One, the other main part of a 2021 OECD-led tax agreement, Kaeser saw little hope. Further talks on the pillar, which would reallocate taxing rights to countries where big companies make their profits, have stalled for years. It “should be called Pillar Zed, zed for zombie,” he said. Do you have feedback on this episode of Talking Tax? Give us a call and leave a voicemail at 703-341-3690.

Annie Bergeron-Oliver reports on a new era of relations between Canada and China after signing new agreements to boost exports between the two countries; Heather Wright looks at the chaotic travel conditions in central Canada after a nasty winter storm causes road closures and major flight delays across the country; Despite a national decline in home sales in 2025, experts are forecasting a slight rebound in 2026, thanks to first-time homebuyers. Abigail Bimman explains.

Omari Richins, MPH of Public Health Careers podcast critiques the new US dietary guidelines, arguing that they prioritize industry interests over public health. Omari compares these guidelines with those of other wealthy nations, highlighting the detrimental health outcomes associated with high red meat consumption. Richins emphasizes the need for evidence-based nutrition policies that genuinely promote health and sustainability, rather than protecting powerful industries.

Washington has just reversed course again. It is now allowing Nvidia to sell its advanced H200 AI chips to China, with a hefty 25% revenue cut flowing straight to the U.S. government. Is this a strategic concession, a commercial calculation, or the start of a new conditional export model? Will Chinese tech giants rush to buy the H200? Can Washington achieve its intended goals with the policy shift? And will this prompt other governments or companies to reconsider their own restrictions on tech exports to China? Host Tu Yun joins Andy Mok, a professor of Beijing Foreign Studies University and a senior research fellow at the Center for China and Globalization, Dr. Zhou Mi, the Deputy Director of the Institute of American and Oceania Study, Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, and Dr. Warwick Powell, an adjunct professor of the Queensland University of Technology for a chat.

Sean Farrington hears why the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development has upgraded UK growth but warns Rachel Reeves that higher taxes and tight spending plans risk squeezing households and slowing the recovery - with unemployment rising. And Ofsted have released their first AI report, which says classroom tech is barely improving results, yet teachers fear pupils who don't learn AI tools could lose out in the jobs market - Sean looks at the details.

Berlin is setting up a committee to re-examine its security-related trade policies towards Beijing. This comes as China just overtook the United States to become Germany's No. 1 trading partner. What's driving this sudden rethink? Is it politics, pressure, or protectionism? How will Germany's biggest companies, from autos to chemicals, react as the rules of engagement shift? And where will a possible new phase of Sino-German relations lead, and what might it mean for Europe and the world? Host TU Yun joins Professor Klaus Larres, the Richard M. Krasno Distinguished Professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Professor Josef Gregory Mahoney, Professor of Politics and International Relations, East China Normal University, and Dr. Zhou Mi, the Deputy Director of the Institute of American and Oceania Study, Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation for a close look.

Apart from their vocation, teachers also handle administrative work and counselling. Synopsis: Every second Wednesday of the month, The Straits Times takes a hard look at Singapore's social issues of the day with guests. Teachers in Singapore work longer than their peers in other advanced economies. They spend less time teaching but more on planning, counselling and communicating with students’ parents, according to the Teaching and Learning International Survey (Talis) released on Oct 7, 2025. In total, the Talis survey polled 194,000 teachers in 55 education systems across Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. Teachers in Singapore work an average of 47.3 hours a week, higher than the overall average of 41 hours. Approximately 3,500 teachers and respective school principals across all 145 public secondary schools and 10 randomly selected private secondary schools participated in the survey from April to August 2024. In this episode, ST assistant podcast editor Lynda Hong examines why this is happening, and whether there is any way their workload and stress can be reduced. In the studio with her is Ms Sarah Tan, a former secondary school teacher with 17 years of experience and taught till 2020, but now gives tuition. She is also a mother of two children aged 13 and 15. Mr Manogaran Suppiah was formerly the principal of Anderson Serangoon Junior College. He first started out teaching for 16 years, before moving to different departments within the Ministry of Education, including becoming the founding executive director of Academy of Singapore Teachers (AST). In 2022, he retired from his career spanning over 40 years. Highlights (click/tap above): 7:23 Teacher workload: Why it has gone up 11:08 How technology adds to and can also lighten workload 14:10 Learning to use AI tools? 18:18 Administrative duties, parents' expectations 23:20 On teachers having to 'parent' students? 28:43 Mid-career switches from other professions to teaching: Different perspectives 30:00 Why education leaders must find out from teachers what is meaningless 33:08 School leaders, heads of departments and teachers: What's lacking? Read ST’s Opinion section: https://str.sg/w7sH Host: Lynda Hong (lyndahong@sph.com.sg) Produced and edited by: Hadyu Rahim Executive producers: Ernest Luis & Lynda Hong Follow In Your Opinion Podcast here and get notified for new episode drops: Channel: https://str.sg/w7Qt Apple Podcasts: https://str.sg/wukb Spotify: https://str.sg/w7sV Feedback to: podcast@sph.com.sg SPH Awedio app: https://www.awedio.sg --- Follow more ST podcast channels: All-in-one ST Podcasts channel: https://str.sg/wvz7 Get more updates: http://str.sg/stpodcasts The Usual Place Podcast YouTube: https://str.sg/4Vwsa --- Get The Straits Times app, which has a dedicated podcast player section: The App Store: https://str.sg/icyB Google Play: https://str.sg/icyX --- #inyouropinionSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

President Donald Trump is set to meet with Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban at the White House on Friday. It is the first bilateral meeting between the two leaders since Trump's return to office in January. The two leaders are expected to discuss Hungary's reliance on Russian oil. Trump has insisted that European nations stop buying Russian petroleum products as a way of slashing Moscow's funding for its war in Ukraine.Some 40 airports across the United States are being forced to decrease the number of flights, starting on Friday. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) announced the decision on Wednesday, as it struggles with personnel shortages due to the ongoing government shutdown.

China's massive import fair is back, and it's bigger than ever. Over 4,100 companies from 155 countries and regions have set up shops at this year's China International Import Expo, where opportunity meets open markets. What's fueling the CIIE's magnetic pull? And how is China's open-door approach reshaping global trade? Host Xu Yawen is joined by Dr. Zhou Mi, Senior Research Fellow at the Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation; Prof. Josef Gregory Mahoney, Professor of Politics and International Relations at East China Normal University; and Prof. George Tzogopoulos, Director of EU-China Programs and Senior Research Fellow at the European Institute of Nice.

In this episode, Xavier Basurto, a former guest of the show, joins Michael to interview Fikret Berkes and Nicole Franz. Fikret is Distinguished Professor Emeritus at the Natural Resources Institute of the University of Manitoba. He is a legend in the field of the commons and social-ecological systems, with some of his most well-known works included Sacred Ecology, Coasts for People, and Navigating Social-ecological Systems. Nicole is a Research Scholar at the Center for Ocean Solutions at Stanford University. She has over two decades of experience working in intergovernmental organizations, namely the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the International Fund for Agricultural Development in Rome as well as the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development in Paris Michael asks Nicole and Fikret's about their new edited book entitled Governing for transformation towards sustainable small-scale fisheries, which is open access and published by the FAO. The book was written in support of the FAO's Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries, and provides a human-centered, interdisciplinary approach to managing fisheries in a complex world. It addresses challenges like climate change, biodiversity loss, pollution, and privatization by advocating for a shift from top-down, single-species management to cooperative, adaptive governance systems that incorporate the knowledge and needs of resource users. During the interview, Michael and Xavier also take the time to discuss Fikret's long career as a key contributor to the literatures on the commons, social-ecological systems and small-scale fisheries governance.   References: FAO. 2015. Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication. Rome. https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/i4356en   Berkes, F. & Franz, N. eds. 2025. Governing for transformation towards sustainable small-scale fisheries. Rome, FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cd4289en   Website of the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication. https://www.fao.org/voluntary-guidelines-small-scale-fisheries/en/

European carmakers are facing the risk of production stoppage as a result of the Dutch government's abrupt seizure of chip company Nexperia from its Chinese owner. What's behind the Nexperia drama? Has the Netherlands overplayed its hand? Who ultimately stands to lose the most? And what does it mean for Europe's industries? Host TU Yun joins Dr. Zhou Mi, the Deputy Director of the Institute of American and Oceania Study, Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, Dr. Eric Harwit, a professor of Asian Studies at the University of Hawaiito, and Andy Mok, a senior research fellow at the Center for China and Globalization for a close look.

As global supply chains undergo transformation and investment patterns shift, China has taken on a dual role in the world economy — as both a magnet for foreign enterprises and an increasingly influential outbound investor, said experts and executives.专家与企业高管表示，在全球供应链深度调整、投资格局加速演变的背景下，中国在世界经济中扮演着双重角色——既是吸引外资企业的“磁石”，也是影响力持续提升的对外投资主体。This signals not only continuity in the country's opening-up policy, but also a deeper transformation — that China is no longer just a participant in global growth, but is becoming a co-architect of it, they said.他们指出，这不仅体现中国对外开放政策的连续性，更标志着深层次转型：中国已不再是全球经济增长的单纯参与者，正逐步成为全球经济发展的共同构建者。What draws foreign companies today is not the promise of low costs, but the chance to innovate, to test ideas in a vast and demanding market, and to use China as a springboard into global competition.如今吸引外资企业的，不再是低成本优势，而是创新机遇、在庞大且高要求市场中验证理念的可能，以及以中国为跳板参与全球竞争的广阔空间。"China remains the top target market for enterprises expanding their global trade layout, with 44 percent of global enterprises selecting China as their first choice for expansion," said David Liao, co-chief executive for Asia and the Middle East at HSBC.汇丰银行亚洲及中东联席首席执行官廖宜建表示：“中国仍是企业拓展全球贸易布局的首要目标市场，44%的全球企业将中国选为海外扩张的首选地。”Citing survey data, he added that 40 percent of global firms are either already increasing or planning to increase their manufacturing footprint in China over the next two years. "These findings highlight that China remains a hot spot for international investment and occupies a central position in the global trade landscape."他援引调研数据补充道，未来两年，40%的全球企业已在增加或计划增加在华制造业布局。“这些数据充分说明，中国仍是国际投资的热点地区，在全球贸易格局中占据核心地位。”That reality is reflected in the way executives describe the market. Many call it a touchstone for development.企业高管对中国市场的评价，也印证了这一现实——许多人将中国视为发展的“试金石”。ABB CEO Morten Wierod said China is the cornerstone of ABB's business, with Xiamen, Fujian province becoming its largest global manufacturing base and innovation center.ABB集团首席执行官史毕福称，中国是ABB业务发展的基石，其中福建省厦门市已成为ABB全球最大的制造基地与创新中心。The same pattern plays out in life sciences and healthcare. Anita Wei, vice-president of External Affairs at Danaher China, said her company's "Double Innovation Engine" strategy is built on deep localization.在生命科学与医疗健康领域，这一趋势同样显著。丹纳赫中国政府事务副总裁韦春艳表示，丹纳赫的“双创新引擎”战略根植于深度本土化。"We aim to achieve 80 percent of sales revenue from localized production and 80 percent of raw material sourcing from the Chinese market," she explained. "This allows our research and development teams to respond directly to clinical needs in China and then promote those solutions globally."“我们目标实现80%的销售收入来自本土化生产，80%的原材料采购源自中国市场，”她解释道，“这让我们的研发团队能够直接响应中国临床需求，并将这些解决方案推向全球市场。”Wei emphasized that the company's commitment is also about long-term trust. "China's continuous opening-up and improving business environment give us the confidence to keep investing. We are committed to building long-term, trusted partnerships that address global challenges together."韦春艳强调，企业的投入也源于对中国市场的长期信任。“中国持续扩大开放、不断优化营商环境，给了我们持续投资的信心。我们致力于构建长期互信的合作伙伴关系，共同应对全球挑战。”Other foreign companies have adopted similar strategies.其他外资企业也采取了类似策略。Zhao Bingdi, president of Panasonic China, described the shift by saying that China is not only a manufacturing center for Panasonic, but also an innovation hub, and that the Japanese firm is transitioning from "in China, for China" to "in China, for global" with the aim of leveraging the competitive edge honed in China for Southeast Asia and beyond.松下电器（中国）总裁赵炳弟这样描述战略转变：中国对松下而言，不仅是制造中心，更是创新枢纽。这家日本企业正从“在中国，为中国”向“在中国，为全球”转型，旨在将在中国市场打磨的竞争优势延伸至东南亚及更广泛地区。These strategies have been underpinned by policy.这些战略的落地，离不开政策的有力支撑。China has steadily opened doors wider, reducing national and free trade zone negative lists for foreign investment to 29 and 27 items, respectively. Restrictions on manufacturing investment have been removed, while pilot programs in cloud computing, biotechnology and wholly foreign-owned hospitals are underway. Procurement, IP protection, data flows and tax incentives are all being fine-tuned to create a more predictable business climate.中国持续扩大对外开放：全国和自由贸易试验区外资准入负面清单分别缩减至29项、27项；制造业领域外资限制全面取消；云计算、生物技术、外资独资医院等领域试点有序推进。与此同时，中国还在采购管理、知识产权保护、数据流动、税收优惠等方面不断优化，为市场营造更可预期的发展环境。If inbound investment illustrates how China strengthens multinationals, outbound investment shows how Chinese firms are reshaping international markets. In 2024, outward direct investment reached $192.2 billion, bringing cumulative stock above $3.14 trillion. For the 13th year in a row, China ranked among the world's top three investors, according to the 2024 statistical bulletin of outward foreign direct investment.如果说吸引外资体现了中国如何助力跨国企业发展壮大，那么对外投资则展现了中国企业如何重塑国际市场格局。《2024年中国对外直接投资统计公报》显示，2024年中国对外直接投资规模达1922亿美元，累计对外直接投资存量突破3.14万亿美元，连续13年位居全球对外投资前三行列。In total, by the end of 2024, 34,000 Chinese investors had established 52,000 overseas enterprises in 190 countries and regions, including 19,000 in Belt and Road Initiative partner countries.截至2024年底，中国3.4万家投资者在全球190个国家和地区设立了5.2万家境外企业，其中在“一带一路”合作伙伴国家设立企业1.9万家。Hungary illustrates China's new depth of global cooperation, particularly with countries participating in the BRI. From 2014 to 2024, Chinese enterprises invested close to $20 billion in Hungary, creating more than 30,000 local jobs in sectors such as automotive batteries and intelligent logistics. These projects have not only delivered advanced technologies, but also strengthened Hungary's position in Europe's industrial chain.匈牙利的案例，彰显了中国全球合作的新深度，尤其是与“一带一路”参与国的合作成果。2014年至2024年，中国企业在匈牙利投资近200亿美元，在汽车电池、智能物流等领域创造当地就业岗位超3万个。这些项目不仅带来了先进技术，更提升了匈牙利在欧洲产业链中的地位。In Egypt's TEDA Suez Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone, Chinese enterprises have built integrated clusters centered on high-end manufacturing and logistics — a "localized production+global sales" model that has spurred industrial upgrading and job creation, earning praise from the Egyptian government.在埃及泰达苏伊士经贸合作区，中国企业打造了以高端制造、物流为核心的产业综合体，形成“本土化生产+全球化销售”模式。这一模式推动当地产业升级、创造大量就业，得到埃及政府高度认可。The energy sector tells a similar story.能源领域亦呈现相似态势Wang Pengcheng, president of Hithium Energy Storage Technology Co, said, "The global energy storage market is experiencing rapid growth, and Hithium Energy is building a global full-chain capability from materials and product systems to system integration and full-station services, providing customized integrated solutions for global customers." The company's shipments have grown at a compound annual rate of 167 percent over the past three years, with demand rising fast in the United States, Europe, and the Middle East.海辰储能科技股份有限公司总裁王鹏程表示：“全球储能市场正迎来快速增长，海辰储能正构建从材料、产品系统到系统集成、全站服务的全球全链条能力，为全球客户提供定制化综合解决方案。”过去三年，该公司出货量复合年增长率达167%，在美国、欧洲、中东等地区的市场需求增长迅猛。Smooth two-way capital flows depend on a robust financial system that can provide not only funding, but also risk protection and efficiency for cross-border activities.双向资本的顺畅流动，离不开健全的金融体系支撑——它不仅能提供资金支持，更能为跨境经贸活动提供风险保障与效率提升服务。"Outbound investment always involves the movement of capital across borders, and financial institutions are now participating in more diverse ways," said Zhou Mi, a senior research fellow at the Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation.中国国际贸易促进委员会国际贸易经济合作研究院高级研究员周密指出：“对外投资必然涉及跨境资本流动，当前金融机构的参与方式正日趋多元。”Zhou outlined three avenues of support. "First, banks can provide direct financing — loans that help enterprises participate in overseas projects or place large orders. Second, risk-protection products such as investment insurance reduce uncertainty for firms abroad. Last, trade-related financing tools, like buyer's credit, can lower the costs of running international operations."周密进一步阐述了金融支持的三大路径：“首先，银行可提供直接融资支持，通过贷款助力企业参与海外项目或承接大额订单；其次，投资保险等风险保障产品能降低企业海外经营的不确定性；最后，买方信贷等贸易融资工具可减少企业开展国际业务的成本。”Zhou believes that services will only grow more localized and innovative. "Many Chinese and international banks are expanding their global presence, which allows them to provide on-the-ground services. At the same time, new tools — such as stablecoins and faster cross-border payment systems — are emerging to make capital flows more efficient," he said. "Of course, cross-market risks remain, and the key will be ensuring that financial capital and real-economy capital complement each other to drive innovation. That balance requires constant adjustments."在周密看来，金融服务的本土化与创新化水平将持续提升。“众多中资银行与国际银行正加速拓展全球布局，以便提供在地化服务。与此同时，稳定币、高效跨境支付系统等新型工具不断涌现，推动资本流动效率提升，”他表示，“当然，跨市场风险依然存在，关键在于确保金融资本与实体经济资本相互补充、共同驱动创新。这一平衡需要持续调整优化。”The trend was clear at this year's China International Fair for Investment and Trade last month, where banks introduced instant transaction platforms and insurers offered tailored risk products for projects in politically complex regions.上月举办的本届中国国际投资贸易洽谈会（简称“投洽会”）上，这一趋势体现得尤为明显：银行机构推出即时交易平台，保险机构则针对政治环境复杂地区的项目定制专属风险保障产品。Liao of HSBC added that the Panda Bond market has become a vital channel for foreign companies raising capital in China. "Since 2005, the Panda Bond market had recorded an accumulated issuance size of over 1 trillion yuan ($140 billion) as of July. The ready availability of domestic fundraising tools reduces financing costs and accelerates the expansion of the footprint of multinational companies in China," Liao said. "It also helps optimize their asset-liability structures and improve overall capital allocation efficiency."汇丰银行的廖宜建补充道，熊猫债市场已成为外资企业在华融资的重要渠道。“自2005年以来，截至今年7月，熊猫债市场累计发行规模已突破1万亿元人民币（约合1400亿美元）。便捷的在华融资工具不仅降低了融资成本，还助力跨国企业加速拓展在华业务布局，”廖宜建说，“这同时有助于企业优化资产负债结构，提升整体资金配置效率。”Finance is the bloodstream of two-way investment, but innovation is the heartbeat. Both inbound and outbound flows increasingly target high-tech fields, from artificial intelligence and robotics to green energy. That matches China's strategy of high-quality growth and the world's demand for greener, smarter solutions.金融是双向投资的“血脉”，而创新则是其“心跳”。无论是外资流入还是对外投资，均日益向人工智能、机器人、绿色能源等高科技领域集聚。这既契合中国高质量发展战略，也顺应了全球对更绿色、更智能解决方案的需求。That perspective is increasingly shared by foreign executives, who point to China's blend of policy support, market demand and industrial supply chains as a foundation for technological progress.越来越多外资企业高管认同这一观点，他们认为中国的政策支持、市场需求与产业供应链形成合力，为技术创新奠定了坚实基础。Events such as CIFIT showcase two-way investment results. More than 1,100 cooperation projects, with a combined value of 644 billion yuan, were signed at the fair this year.中国国际投资贸易洽谈会等平台，正是双向投资成果的重要展示窗口。本届投洽会共签约1100多个合作项目，总金额达6440亿元人民币。While China's dual role in global capital flows has already delivered results, challenges remain. Geopolitical frictions, divergent regulatory system, and rising protectionism all weigh on the investment outlook.尽管中国在全球资本流动中扮演的双重角色已成效初显，但挑战依然存在。地缘政治摩擦、监管体系差异、保护主义抬头等因素，均对投资前景构成压力。Even so, with its vast market, comprehensive supply chains, and growing financial and innovation ecosystems, China is well placed to deepen two-way cooperation.即便如此，凭借庞大的市场规模、完备的供应链体系，以及不断完善的金融与创新生态，中国具备深化双向合作的坚实基础，未来可期。cumulative/ˈkjuːmjələtɪv/adj.累积的；累计的honed/həʊnd/adj.经过磨练的；打磨robust/rəʊˈbʌst/adj.强健的；健全的；稳固的divergent/daɪˈvɜːdʒənt/adj.不同的；有分歧的；相异的

CGIAR Seminar Series | Series/Special Event The EU Deforestation Regulation: Policy Implications and Research Frontiers Co-organized by IFPRI, CGIAR, and Germany's Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) October 14, 2025 In June 2023, the European Union (EU) adopted its Regulation on Deforestation-Free Products (EUDR)—a landmark policy designed to reduce global deforestation and forest degradation driven by EU consumption. Under the regulation, key commodities with the biggest impacts on deforestation—soy, cattle, palm oil, cocoa, coffee, wood, and natural rubber—cannot be placed on the EU market or exported unless they are free of deforestation and legally produced. The EUDR was scheduled for entry into force in December 2025 and in June 2026 for small and micro enterprises, but a one-year delay was proposed by the European Commission on 23 September, due to capacity concerns with the IT system set up for due diligence reporting by businesses. Join us for this virtual event convening policymakers, development practitioners, researchers, and industry representatives to examine how the EUDR is likely to reshape trade dynamics, sustainability standards, and development priorities across the globe. As countries and companies prepare for EUDR implementation, this seminar will examine how they can seize upon opportunities and mitigate risks associated with it. Leading voices from government, research, industry, and civil society will discuss how to ensure equitable and inclusive production aligned with EUDR requirements across diverse production systems, and how to address knowledge and technology gaps to support data-driven, smallholder-friendly solutions. Moderator Welcome Remarks Charlotte Hebebrand, Director of Communications & Public Affairs, IFPRI Session 1 Rationale and Scope of the EUDR: Lisa Kirfel-Rühle, Deputy Head of Division 122 Agriculture, Rural Development, Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) Global Deforestation Trends & Outlook, and Key Considerations Arising from EUDR Implementation: Beria Leimona, Theme Leader, Climate Change, Energy and Low-Carbon Development, The Center for International Forestry Research and World Agroforestry (CIFOR-ICRAF) International Cooperation Framework: Simon Gmeiner, Policy Officer, European Commission Session 2 Engaging on the EUDR: H.E. Andri Hadi, Ambassador of the Republic of Indonesia to the Kingdom of Belgium, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, and the European Union Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil Certification: Mohd Hasbollah Suparyono, Chief Operating Officer, Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO) Considerations for Mercosur Countries: Valeria Piñeiro, Regional Representative for Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), IFPRI China's Efforts to Source Zero Deforestation Soybeans from Brazil: Kevin Chen, Senior Research Fellow, IFPRI Session 3 Inclusive Pathways for Smallholders in Deforestation-Free Supply Chains: Izzana Salleh, Secretary General, Council of Palm Oil Producing Countries (CPOPC) EUDR implications for coffee and cocoa smallholders in Africa: Vanessa Adams, Founder and Chief Executive Officer, Level4International Identification of Production Origin and Public Verification for Deforestation – Free Agricultural Supply Chains in Colombia: Sandra Durango, Postdoctoral Fellow, Alliance Bioversity and CIAT More about this Event: https://www.ifpri.org/event/the-eu-deforestation-regulation-policy-implications-and-research-frontiers/ Subscribe IFPRI Insights newsletter and event announcements at www.ifpri.org/content/newsletter-subscription

Trade between belligerents during wartime should not occur. After all, exchanged goods might help enemies secure the upper hand on the battlefield. Yet as history shows, states rarely choose either war or trade. In fact, they frequently engage in both at the same time.To explain why states trade with their enemies, Mariya Grinberg examines the wartime commercial policies of major powers during several conflicts in her book Trade in War. Grinberg reveals that economic cooperation can thrive even in the most hostile of times and argues that economic ties between states may be insufficient to stave off war.Join Grinberg and Henry Farrell, with Joshua Shifrinson as moderator, for a discussion on trade during wartime and what it means for statecraft. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The U.S.–China chip rivalry is heating up. Beijing has launched two new probes—one on analog chip dumping, the other on U.S. trade restrictions. What's behind China's move? And how could they reshape China's chip market, the trajectory of the chip conflict, or even the broader tech rivalry between the two countries?Host TU Yun joins Yan Liang, Professor of Economics, Willamette University, Dr. Zhou Mi, Deputy Director, Institute of American and Oceania Study, Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, and Warwick Powell, Adjunct Professor, Queensland University of Technology for a close look.

Mariya Grinberg, assistant professor  of political science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, speaks with us on the topic of her new book, "Trade in War: Economic Cooperation Across Enemy Lines." In our talk she challenges the conventional wisdom that states stop trading during wartime. We discuss her 'wartime trade theory,' exploring how states balance military benefits and economic costs. The conversation also touches on modern applications, such as the US-China relationship and the Russia-Ukraine conflict, highlighting how trade dynamics evolve in wartime scenarios.

Nighttime dining, shopping and travel are thriving across China this summer, injecting fresh momentum to economic growth at a time when the country has prioritized consumption as its top priority this year.今年夏季，我国夜间餐饮、购物、旅游等消费业态蓬勃发展。在国家将消费列为今年工作重点的背景下，夜间经济为经济增长注入了新动能。The market size of China's nighttime economy has so far surpassed 50 trillion yuan ($7 trillion), said marketing consultancy Zhiyanzhan.More restaurants have extended business hours and launched delivery services to attract late-night diners and increase revenue.市场咨询机构智研瞻产业研究院数据显示，目前我国夜间经济市场规模已突破50 万亿元（约合 7 万亿美元）。为吸引夜宵客、提升营收，越来越多餐饮企业延长营业时间，并推出外卖服务。Huda Restaurant, a popular crayfish eatery in Beijing's bustling Guijie Street, is operating four outlets in the same area, cumulatively serving more than 6,500 customers daily on average. During peak hours on some nights, customers sometimes have to wait in line for three hours, according to the restaurant.位于北京繁华簋街的热门小龙虾餐厅“胡大饭店”，在该区域布局了 4 家门店，日均总客流量超 6500 人次。据餐厅介绍，部分夜晚的高峰时段，顾客有时需排队 3 小时才能就餐。"Tourists are often unable to wait that long to dine in. Some choose the takeaway option, or order deliveries to their hotels. Some 70 percent of our takeout orders come from nearby hotels, as many tourists tend to order deliveries at night after their daytime sightseeing in the city," said Zhang Shengtao, deputy general manager of Huda.“很多游客等不了那么久，有的会选择打包带走，有的则直接点外卖送到酒店。我们约 70% 的外卖订单来自周边酒店 —— 不少游客白天在市区观光后，晚上习惯点外卖。” 胡大饭店副总经理张胜涛说。"We take food delivery platforms as an important supplement to our operations, as the platforms allow customers to search for our restaurant from different channels. With no increase in the number of staff members and no change in restaurant areas, delivery services can help raise order volumes and lead to profit growth," Zhang said.他表示：“我们把外卖平台当作经营的重要补充，这些平台能让顾客通过多种渠道找到我们。在不增加员工、不扩大门店面积的情况下，外卖业务能帮助提升订单量，进而带动利润增长。”The restaurant chain said diners aged between 25 and 39 account for a large share of its total customers, while consumers opting for deliveries are mainly aged between 18 and 35.该餐饮连锁品牌透露，25 至 39 岁的顾客占堂食总客流的较大比例，而选择外卖的消费者以 18 至 35 岁人群为主。Hong Yong, an associate research fellow at the Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, said the availability of nighttime dining meets the demand for late night snacking among urban white-collar employees and many young consumers, especially as more people stay up late, work overtime, or venture out for social entertainment, and late night dining gradually becomes a part of their daily routine.中国国际贸易促进委员会国际贸易经济合作研究院副研究员洪勇指出，夜间餐饮的普及，满足了城市白领及众多年轻消费者的夜宵需求。如今熬夜、加班、外出社交娱乐的人群增多，夜宵逐渐成为他们日常生活的一部分。"Nighttime economic activities such as dining, night tours and shopping provide richer consumption scenarios, and meet consumers' demand for leisure and entertainment, social interaction and emotional release," Hong said.“餐饮、夜游、购物等夜间经济活动，提供了更丰富的消费场景，满足了消费者休闲娱乐、社交互动、情感释放的需求。” 洪勇说。"The expansion of nighttime consumption scenarios will help promote the diversification of consumption formats, encourage higher frequencies of spending, effectively stimulate domestic demand and promote sustained economic growth momentum," he added.他补充道：“夜间消费场景的拓展，有助于推动消费业态多元化，提高消费频次，有效激发内需，为经济持续增长注入动力。”According to a report released by the Ministry of Commerce, 60 percent of China's urban consumption takes place after dusk. At large-scale malls, sales between 6 pm and 10 pm usually account for over half of the whole day's revenue.商务部发布的报告显示，我国60% 的城市消费发生在傍晚之后。在大型商场，18 时至 22 时的销售额通常占全天营收的一半以上。Shui Tea Shop, a tea drink brand based in Jinan, Shandong province, now operates some 1,400 stores nationwide, which are mainly located in Shandong, Jiangsu and Hebei provinces, as well as Tianjin and Beijing.总部位于山东济南的茶饮品牌“阿水大杯茶”，目前在全国拥有约 1400 家门店，主要分布在山东、江苏、河北三省及天津、北京两地。Since June, some of its stores began to extend their business hours. Now, over 300 stores operate until 11 pm, more than 100 stores operate until midnight, and a further 100 outlets are open beyond midnight. The extension of business hours will last until the end of September, the company said.该公司表示，自今年6 月起，部分门店开始延长营业时间：目前超 300 家门店营业至 23 时，100 余家营业至次日 0 时，另有 100 家门店营业至凌晨之后，这一延长营业时间的举措将持续至 9 月底。"After extending the business hours, there has been a clear trend of growth in store revenue, and some stores have experienced sales growth of over 100 percent compared with the period before the extension," said Wei Qun, director of delivery services at A-Shui Tea Shop.“延长营业时间后，门店营收增长趋势明显，部分门店销售额较延长前增长超 100%。” 阿水大杯茶外卖业务负责人魏群说。"Nighttime sales have been especially high in Jinan and Qingdao of Shandong, as well as Tianjin. Stores with higher revenues are mainly located in core business circles, and nighttime sales mainly come from orders for deliveries," Wei said.“山东的济南、青岛以及天津等地的夜间销售额表现尤为突出。高营收门店主要集中在核心商圈，夜间销售以外卖订单为主。” 魏群介绍。He added that in summer, many consumers are interested in having barbecues and crayfish at night, and restaurants providing such meals located in core business districts have largely extended their operating hours. Their popularity has also driven the sales growth of beverages, as certain drinks pair nicely with these kinds of food.他还提到，夏季夜晚，不少消费者喜欢吃烧烤、小龙虾，核心商圈内提供这类餐食的餐厅大多延长了营业时间。这些餐饮的火爆也带动了饮品销量—— 部分饮品与这类食物搭配口感更佳。In addition to the catering sector, many sightseeing spots have extended their opening hours this summer, and upgraded night tourism products to meet the diverse demand of travelers. Besides driving an increase in ticket revenue for scenic spots, it has promoted the growth of related businesses such as catering, accommodation and shopping in surrounding areas.除餐饮行业外，今年夏季，多家景区延长开放时间，并升级夜间旅游产品，以满足游客多样化需求。这不仅推动景区门票收入增长，还带动了周边餐饮、住宿、购物等关联业态的发展。The government has encouraged more industry players to actively develop the night tourism economy.政府也积极鼓励更多市场主体参与夜间旅游经济发展。According to a guideline issued earlier this year by the State Council, China's Cabinet, the holding of more nighttime activities such as folk performances, lantern fairs, temple fairs, and light and shadow shows has been encouraged, and different regions could develop water night tours based on local conditions.今年早些时候，国务院印发的指导意见明确，鼓励举办民俗展演、灯会、庙会、光影秀等夜间活动，各地可结合实际发展水上夜游项目。In addition, the government will support the upgrading and renovation of lighting services at night in commercial areas, and the optimization of support facilities such as parking lots and public transportation, according to the document.意见还提出，将支持商业街区夜间照明设施升级改造，优化停车场、公共交通等配套设施。In Guiyang, Southwest China's Guizhou province, a three-day international kite festival that included nighttime events attracted more than 163,000 tourists in July, netting tourism revenue of over 60 million yuan, according to the local government.据贵州省贵阳市政府消息，今年7 月举办的为期三天的国际风筝节（含夜间活动），吸引游客超 16.3 万人次，实现旅游收入超 6000 万元。Night markets, roadside concerts in parks, trunk markets and other nighttime consumption scenes were attractive to tourists.夜市、公园路边音乐会、后备箱集市等夜间消费场景，对游客具有很强的吸引力。"This type of nighttime cultural tourism model, with feature activities as its core, gathers popularity and forms a consumption loop, and has become an effective way to boost the nighttime economy," said Mu Qianyi, an analyst of LeadLeo Research Institute, a market research provider based in Shanghai.“这种以特色活动为核心的夜间文旅模式，能聚集人气、形成消费闭环，已成为拉动夜间经济的有效方式。” 上海市场研究机构头豹研究院分析师穆芊伊说。Mu added that new technologies and scenarios such as drone light shows at night will help enrich the experiences of tourists. The improvement in the quality of scenes naturally enhances the attractiveness and vitality of nighttime cultural tourism, and could help inject new impetus into economic growth.穆芊伊补充道，夜间无人机灯光秀等新技术、新场景，将进一步丰富游客体验。消费场景品质的提升，自然会增强夜间文旅的吸引力与活力，为经济增长注入新动力。Particularly, Shanghai has been developing a booming nighttime economy, and the city's after-dark economy index has maintained the top position in the country for five consecutive years. This year, it has been followed by Guangzhou, Guangdong province, and Chengdu, Sichuan province, said Rising Lab, a city-oriented big data platform of Yicai Media Group.值得关注的是，上海夜间经济持续繁荣。第一财经传媒集团旗下城市大数据平台“第一财经研究院” 数据显示，上海夜间经济指数已连续五年位居全国首位，今年紧随其后的是广东广州与四川成都。In Shanghai, nighttime lighting covered 75 percent of the city's area last year, and nighttime public transportation covered 1,975 square kilometers, which significantly helped to improve the local nighttime consumption environment, the platform found.该平台还发现，去年上海夜间照明覆盖面积占全市面积的75%，夜间公共交通覆盖范围达 1975 平方公里，这一配套设施的完善显著改善了当地夜间消费环境。

The center provides services such as customs clearance and logistics solutions for trade and other exchanges between China and SCO member countries.

Trade between belligerents during wartime should not occur. After all, exchanged goods might help enemies secure the upper hand on the battlefield. Yet as history shows, states rarely choose either war or trade. In fact, they frequently engage in both at the same time. To explain why states trade with their enemies, in Trade in War: Economic Cooperation across Enemy Lines (Cornell UP, 2025) Dr. Mariya Grinberg examines the wartime commercial policies of major powers during the Crimean War, the two World Wars, and several post-1989 wars. She shows that in the face of two competing imperatives—preventing an enemy from increasing its military capabilities, and maintaining its own long-term security through economic exchange—states at war tailor wartime commercial policies around a product's characteristics and war expectations. If a product's conversion time into military capabilities exceeds the war's expected length, then trade in the product can occur, since the product will not have time to affect battlefield outcomes. If a state cannot afford to jeopardize the revenue provided by the traded product, trade in it can also occur. Dr. Grinberg's findings reveal that economic cooperation can thrive even in the most hostile of times—and that interstate conflict might not be as easily deterred by high levels of economic interdependence as is commonly believed. Trade in War compels us to recognize that economic ties between states may be insufficient to stave off war. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Trade between belligerents during wartime should not occur. After all, exchanged goods might help enemies secure the upper hand on the battlefield. Yet as history shows, states rarely choose either war or trade. In fact, they frequently engage in both at the same time. To explain why states trade with their enemies, in Trade in War: Economic Cooperation across Enemy Lines (Cornell UP, 2025) Dr. Mariya Grinberg examines the wartime commercial policies of major powers during the Crimean War, the two World Wars, and several post-1989 wars. She shows that in the face of two competing imperatives—preventing an enemy from increasing its military capabilities, and maintaining its own long-term security through economic exchange—states at war tailor wartime commercial policies around a product's characteristics and war expectations. If a product's conversion time into military capabilities exceeds the war's expected length, then trade in the product can occur, since the product will not have time to affect battlefield outcomes. If a state cannot afford to jeopardize the revenue provided by the traded product, trade in it can also occur. Dr. Grinberg's findings reveal that economic cooperation can thrive even in the most hostile of times—and that interstate conflict might not be as easily deterred by high levels of economic interdependence as is commonly believed. Trade in War compels us to recognize that economic ties between states may be insufficient to stave off war. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/military-history

Trade between belligerents during wartime should not occur. After all, exchanged goods might help enemies secure the upper hand on the battlefield. Yet as history shows, states rarely choose either war or trade. In fact, they frequently engage in both at the same time. To explain why states trade with their enemies, in Trade in War: Economic Cooperation across Enemy Lines (Cornell UP, 2025) Dr. Mariya Grinberg examines the wartime commercial policies of major powers during the Crimean War, the two World Wars, and several post-1989 wars. She shows that in the face of two competing imperatives—preventing an enemy from increasing its military capabilities, and maintaining its own long-term security through economic exchange—states at war tailor wartime commercial policies around a product's characteristics and war expectations. If a product's conversion time into military capabilities exceeds the war's expected length, then trade in the product can occur, since the product will not have time to affect battlefield outcomes. If a state cannot afford to jeopardize the revenue provided by the traded product, trade in it can also occur. Dr. Grinberg's findings reveal that economic cooperation can thrive even in the most hostile of times—and that interstate conflict might not be as easily deterred by high levels of economic interdependence as is commonly believed. Trade in War compels us to recognize that economic ties between states may be insufficient to stave off war. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/german-studies

Trade between belligerents during wartime should not occur. After all, exchanged goods might help enemies secure the upper hand on the battlefield. Yet as history shows, states rarely choose either war or trade. In fact, they frequently engage in both at the same time. To explain why states trade with their enemies, in Trade in War: Economic Cooperation across Enemy Lines (Cornell UP, 2025) Dr. Mariya Grinberg examines the wartime commercial policies of major powers during the Crimean War, the two World Wars, and several post-1989 wars. She shows that in the face of two competing imperatives—preventing an enemy from increasing its military capabilities, and maintaining its own long-term security through economic exchange—states at war tailor wartime commercial policies around a product's characteristics and war expectations. If a product's conversion time into military capabilities exceeds the war's expected length, then trade in the product can occur, since the product will not have time to affect battlefield outcomes. If a state cannot afford to jeopardize the revenue provided by the traded product, trade in it can also occur. Dr. Grinberg's findings reveal that economic cooperation can thrive even in the most hostile of times—and that interstate conflict might not be as easily deterred by high levels of economic interdependence as is commonly believed. Trade in War compels us to recognize that economic ties between states may be insufficient to stave off war. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/european-studies

Trade between belligerents during wartime should not occur. After all, exchanged goods might help enemies secure the upper hand on the battlefield. Yet as history shows, states rarely choose either war or trade. In fact, they frequently engage in both at the same time. To explain why states trade with their enemies, in Trade in War: Economic Cooperation across Enemy Lines (Cornell UP, 2025) Dr. Mariya Grinberg examines the wartime commercial policies of major powers during the Crimean War, the two World Wars, and several post-1989 wars. She shows that in the face of two competing imperatives—preventing an enemy from increasing its military capabilities, and maintaining its own long-term security through economic exchange—states at war tailor wartime commercial policies around a product's characteristics and war expectations. If a product's conversion time into military capabilities exceeds the war's expected length, then trade in the product can occur, since the product will not have time to affect battlefield outcomes. If a state cannot afford to jeopardize the revenue provided by the traded product, trade in it can also occur. Dr. Grinberg's findings reveal that economic cooperation can thrive even in the most hostile of times—and that interstate conflict might not be as easily deterred by high levels of economic interdependence as is commonly believed. Trade in War compels us to recognize that economic ties between states may be insufficient to stave off war. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Trade between belligerents during wartime should not occur. After all, exchanged goods might help enemies secure the upper hand on the battlefield. Yet as history shows, states rarely choose either war or trade. In fact, they frequently engage in both at the same time. To explain why states trade with their enemies, in Trade in War: Economic Cooperation across Enemy Lines (Cornell UP, 2025) Dr. Mariya Grinberg examines the wartime commercial policies of major powers during the Crimean War, the two World Wars, and several post-1989 wars. She shows that in the face of two competing imperatives—preventing an enemy from increasing its military capabilities, and maintaining its own long-term security through economic exchange—states at war tailor wartime commercial policies around a product's characteristics and war expectations. If a product's conversion time into military capabilities exceeds the war's expected length, then trade in the product can occur, since the product will not have time to affect battlefield outcomes. If a state cannot afford to jeopardize the revenue provided by the traded product, trade in it can also occur. Dr. Grinberg's findings reveal that economic cooperation can thrive even in the most hostile of times—and that interstate conflict might not be as easily deterred by high levels of economic interdependence as is commonly believed. Trade in War compels us to recognize that economic ties between states may be insufficient to stave off war. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/british-studies

China's foreign trade will remain resilient in the second half of 2025, fueled by strong growth in high-tech exports, vibrant private sector activity and closer ties with emerging markets, government officials and exporters said on Thursday. 上周四，政府官员和出口商表示，在高科技产品出口强劲增长、私营部门活力十足以及与新兴市场联系日益紧密的推动下，2025 年下半年中国外贸将保持韧性。 They noted that China's steady export performance, particularly driven by private companies, underscores robust global demand for the country's high-tech mechanical and electrical products, and facilitates its deeper integration into regional and global industrial chains. 他们指出，中国出口表现稳健，尤其是在私营企业的推动下，这凸显了全球对中国高科技机电产品的强劲需求，并促进了中国更深入地融入区域和全球产业链。 China's foreign trade grew 3.5 percent year-on-year to 25.7 trillion yuan ($3.6 trillion) in the first seven months of 2025, while its exports rose 7.3 percent year-on-year to 15.31 trillion yuan, data released on Thursday by the General Administration of Customs shows. In July alone, the country's trade value grew 6.7 percent to 3.91 trillion yuan. 海关总署周四发布的数据显示，2025 年 1-7 月，中国外贸进出口总值 25.7 万亿元人民币（约合 3.6 万亿美元），同比增长 3.5%；出口 15.31 万亿元，同比增长 7.3%。仅 7 月当月，中国外贸进出口总值就增长 6.7%，达 3.91 万亿元。 Lyu Daliang, director of the GAC's department of statistics and analysis, said that amid a complex external environment, China's foreign trade has maintained steady growth momentum, while its trade structure has continued to optimize, with high-tech products playing an increasingly key role in supporting overall expansion. 海关总署统计分析司司长吕大良表示，在复杂的外部环境下，中国外贸保持了稳定增长态势，贸易结构持续优化，高科技产品在支撑整体增长中的作用日益关键。 China's trade of high-tech products, including high-end machine tools and electric vehicles, reached 5.1 trillion yuan from January to July, up 8.4 percent year-on-year, contributing 45.4 percent to the overall growth of foreign trade during this period.1-7 月，中国包括高端机床、电动汽车在内的高科技产品贸易额达 5.1 万亿元，同比增长 8.4%，对同期外贸整体增长的贡献率为 45.4%。 "Since the beginning of the year, private businesses have actively responded to changes and continued to serve as a stabilizing force in China's foreign trade," Lyu said. 吕大良称：“今年以来，民营企业积极应对变化，持续发挥中国外贸‘稳定器'作用。” Specifically, the foreign trade value of China's private companies amounted to 14.68 trillion yuan over the past seven months, up 7.4 percent year-on-year, accounting for 57.1 percent of the nation's total foreign trade value, an increase of 2.1 percentage points compared with the same period last year. 具体来看，过去 7 个月，中国民营企业外贸进出口总值达 14.68 万亿元，同比增长 7.4%，占全国外贸总值的 57.1%，较去年同期提升 2.1 个百分点。 Chen Bin, deputy director of the expert committee of the Beijing-based China Machinery Industry Federation, said these trends "have not only laid a solid foundation for China's foreign trade to continue on a stable growth trajectory in the second half, but also reflect a deeper structural realignment". 北京中国机械工业联合会专家委员会副主任陈斌表示，这些趋势 “不仅为下半年中国外贸继续保持稳定增长态势奠定了坚实基础，也反映出更深层次的结构调整”。 Driven by industrial upgrading and the rapid growth of the digital economy, new opportunities are emerging in sectors such as energy storage, industrial robotics and artificial intelligence-enabled manufacturing tools, Chen said, adding that these sectors are fast emerging as new engines of trade growth. 陈斌指出，在产业升级和数字经济快速发展的推动下，储能、工业机器人、人工智能制造工具等领域正涌现新机遇，这些领域正迅速成为贸易增长的新引擎。 Zhou Mi, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation in Beijing, said that on the demand side, China's strong global product presence and long-standing commitment to free trade are key factors supporting the competitiveness of its foreign trade. 北京中国国际贸易经济合作研究院研究员周密表示，从需求端看，中国产品在全球的强大存在感以及对自由贸易的长期坚持，是支撑中国外贸竞争力的关键因素。 Ahmed bin Sulayem, executive chairman of the Dubai Multi Commodities Centre in the United Arab Emirates, said the steady growth of the Chinese economy will encourage economic and trade cooperation with Arab nations and other countries of the world in the long run. 阿联酋迪拜多种商品交易中心执行主席艾哈迈德・本・苏莱耶姆表示，从长远来看，中国经济的稳定增长将促进与阿拉伯国家及世界其他国家的经贸合作。 Zhao Ping, head of the academy of the Beijing-based China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, said the projected robust growth in foreign trade during the second half of the year will provide vital support for China's broader economic stability and expansion, reinforcing its resilience amid global uncertainties. 北京中国国际贸易促进委员会研究院院长赵萍表示，预计下半年外贸的强劲增长将为中国整体经济的稳定和扩张提供重要支撑，增强中国在全球不确定性中的韧性。 Also on Thursday, the Ministry of Finance said the government will explore and adjust policy tools to ensure the Chinese economy maintains a stable and positive trajectory, thereby contributing to global economic development. 同样在周四，财政部表示，政府将探索和调整政策工具，确保中国经济保持稳定向好态势，为全球经济发展作出贡献。 The ministry's statement followed S&P Global Ratings' affirmation of its unsolicited 'A+' long-term and 'A-1' short-term foreign and local currency sovereign credit ratings on China, with a stable outlook for the long-term rating. 此前，标普全球评级确认对中国的长期外币和本币主权信用评级为 “A +”，短期评级为 “A - 1”，长期评级展望为稳定，财政部随后发表了上述声明。 Zhang Yuxian, director of the department of economic forecasting at the State Information Center, warned that China-United States economic and trade frictions will continue to test the resilience of Chinese exports and the adaptability of Chinese exporters in the second half. 国家信息中心经济预测部主任张宇贤警告称，下半年中美经贸摩擦将继续考验中国出口的韧性和出口商的适应能力。 Despite these challenges, China retains substantial potential for optimizing its product mix and enhancing policy support, Zhang said. The country's imports are also expected to become more diversified, providing consumers with a broader range of choices, he added. 张宇贤表示，尽管面临这些挑战，中国在优化产品结构和加强政策支持方面仍有巨大潜力。他补充说，中国的进口预计也将更加多元化，为消费者提供更广泛的选择。 At the company level, Chinese exporters have already taken proactive steps to adapt to external challenges. 在企业层面，中国出口商已采取积极措施应对外部挑战。 Wang Lilong, president of Ningbo Winner Electric Appliances Co, a garden tools manufacturer based in Ningbo, Zhejiang province, said his company has enhanced product adaptability and upgraded noise-reduction solutions this year to help offset the impact of the US tariff pressures. 浙江省宁波市园林工具制造商宁波万泓电器有限公司总裁王利龙表示，为抵消美国关税压力的影响，公司今年提高了产品适应性，并升级了降噪解决方案。 Data from Ningbo Customs shows that in addition to expanding business presence in emerging markets this year, the company saw the export of its products to the US, including lawn mowers and branch shredders, reach 32 million yuan between January and July, surging more than 90 percent year-on-year. 宁波海关数据显示，今年除了在新兴市场扩大业务外，该公司 1-7 月对美出口割草机、树枝粉碎机等产品达 3200 万元，同比激增逾 90%。 With many emerging economies accelerating their industrialization, green and digitally driven modernization, Jiangsu Shangshang Cable Group, a cable manufacturer based in Changzhou, Jiangsu province, exported products worth 420 million yuan during the January-July period, a year-on-year increase of 13.2 percent, according to Nanjing Customs. 南京海关数据显示，随着许多新兴经济体加速工业化、绿色化和数字化驱动的现代化进程，江苏省常州市电缆制造商江苏上上电缆集团 1-7 月出口额达 4.2 亿元，同比增长 13.2%。 Liu Cunyong, head of the company's foreign trade unit, said the robust growth was mainly driven by rising demand in overseas infrastructure projects, especially in economies participating in the Belt and Road Initiative. 该公司外贸部门负责人刘存勇表示，出口的强劲增长主要得益于海外基础设施项目需求上升，尤其是 “一带一路” 沿线经济体的需求。 "We have been refining our product offerings to better align with the technical and regulatory frameworks of key markets in Southeast Asia, the Middle East and Africa," Liu said. 刘存勇称：“我们一直在优化产品供应，以更好地适应东南亚、中东和非洲重点市场的技术和监管框架。” Resilient /rɪˈzɪliənt/ 有韧性的；适应力强的 Trajectory /trəˈdʒektəri/ 轨迹；发展路径 Sovereign /ˈsɒvrɪn/ 主权的；独立的 Diversified /daɪˈvɜːsɪfaɪd/ 多样化的；多元化的

Despite "constructive" talks, no deal was reached between China and the U.S. on extending the 90-day tariff truce, and the August 12 deadline is fast approaching. What's holding both sides back? What are the hidden costs for consumers if tariffs snap back into place? How might the outcome of the China-U.S. trade talks influence Washington's negotiations with other economies? And could this diplomatic dance set the stage for a summit between the two state leaders later this year? Host Tu Yun joins Harvey Dzodin, Senior Fellow, Center for China and Globalization, Dr. Zhou Mi, Deputy Director, Institute of American and Oceania Study, Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, Prof. Qu Bo, Director, Institute of International Relations, China Foreign Affairs University, and Warwick Powell, Adjunct Professor, Queensland University of Technology, Australia for a close look.

Join us on this episode of the Global Fresh Series as we follow the journey of the Import Promotion Desk (IPD) — a dynamic organization connecting small and medium-sized suppliers from emerging markets to the European Union. With the support of Germany's Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, IPD helps pave the way for long-term trade relationships that benefit both sides of the global value chain.Our guest, sourcing specialist Dorra Zairi, shares how IPD is constantly on the go — from farm visits to trade show floors — identifying opportunities, vetting partners, and building trust across borders. Curious where Dorra is headed next? So are we. Tune in to find out!First Class Sponsorship: Peak of the Market: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://peakofthemarket.com/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

China and the European Union have pledged to promote cooperation on trade and investment at the 25th China-EU summit. The two sides have also issued a joint declaration, reaffirming policy continuity to step up efforts in tackling climate change. Meeting EU leaders in Beijing, President Xi Jinping called for providing more certainty for the world through steady China-EU ties.Why does the current international landscape require China and the EU to deepen trust? How can the two sides focus on pragmatic cooperation despite their differences? Host Ding Heng is joined by Dr. Zhou Mi, Senior Research Fellow of Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation; Dr. George Tzogopoulos, Director of EU-China Program at CIFE, a European research organization; Sultan Hali, a Chinese foreign policy analyst and retired Air Force officer in Pakistan.

China ranks second globally in STEM education development, trailing only the United States, according to a new index released on Sunday by the Tongji University STEM Education think tank in Shanghai. 上海同济大学 STEM 教育智库周日发布的一项新指数显示，中国在 STEM 教育发展方面位居全球第二，仅次于美国。 The Global STEM Education Development Index 2025, billed as the world's first comprehensive evaluation tool for national and regional science, technology, engineering and mathematics education development, placed the US in the top position with 86.50 points. China followed closely with 85.46 points. Switzerland, Singapore and Denmark rounded out the top five countries. 《2025 全球 STEM 教育发展指数》被誉为全球首个针对国家和地区科学、技术、工程与数学教育发展的综合评估工具。该指数中，美国以 86.50 分位居榜首，中国以 85.46 分紧随其后，瑞士、新加坡和丹麦跻身前五。 The index, developed with academic guidance from the Chinese Society of Educational Development Strategy and data from Elsevier, systematically assessed the STEM education development levels of 40 major countries and regions worldwide. It established 22 indicators across three dimensions: policy and resources, educational processes, and outcomes and impacts, aiming to provide a scientific benchmark for optimizing national STEM education strategies.该指数在全国教育发展战略学会的学术指导下编制，数据来源于爱思唯尔（Elsevier），系统评估了全球 40 个主要国家和地区的 STEM 教育发展水平。指数从政策与资源、教育过程、成果与影响三个维度设置了 22 项指标，旨在为优化各国 STEM 教育战略提供科学基准。 A representative from Tongji University highlighted the increasing global technological competition, stating that STEM education has become a core pillar supporting national innovation capacity and high-quality development. 同济大学一位代表强调，全球科技竞争日益激烈，STEM 教育已成为支撑国家创新能力和高质量发展的核心支柱。 The release of the index is a direct response to a guideline jointly published in January by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council, which called for deepening international STEM education cooperation and creating internationally influential indexes and reports. 该指数的发布是对今年 1 月中共中央、国务院联合印发的一份指导意见的直接响应，意见中呼吁深化 STEM 教育国际合作，打造具有国际影响力的指数和报告。 Further underscoring international recognition of China's STEM practices is the establishment of UNESCO's first Category 1 Center outside Europe and North America — the International Institute for STEM Education — in Shanghai. 联合国教科文组织在上海设立了国际 STEM 教育研究所，这是该组织在欧美以外地区设立的首个一类中心，进一步彰显了国际社会对中国 STEM 教育实践的认可。 The US' top ranking was attributed to its strong institutional and resource advantages, particularly in education funding as a percentage of GDP, its per-student expenditure and abundant education resources. 美国之所以位居榜首，得益于其强大的制度和资源优势，尤其是在教育经费占 GDP 比例、生均教育支出以及丰富的教育资源方面。 China, despite a relative gap in per capita resources, excelled in the "educational processes"dimension. Its outstanding performance in teachers' STEM competency scores, results from the Programme for International Student Assessment, or PISA, competition achievements and large-scale STEM graduate output helped offset these resource disparities. 中国尽管在人均资源方面存在相对差距，但在 “教育过程” 维度表现突出。其在教师 STEM 能力评分、国际学生评估项目（PISA）成绩、竞赛成果以及大规模 STEM 毕业生输出等方面的优异表现，弥补了这些资源差距。 Among emerging economies, India produced the world's largest number of STEM graduates at 3.34 million. However, its per-student funding amounted to only 17 percent of US levels, leading to a lower overall ranking of 30th place. 在新兴经济体中，印度的 STEM 毕业生数量全球最多，达 334 万人。但该国生均教育经费仅为美国的 17%，导致其总体排名较低，位列第 30 位。 The report emphasized that high proportions of education funding in GDP and per-student expenditure provide ample hardware support for research and teaching, fostering a virtuous cycle between basic research and talent cultivation. It also validated the significant impact of industry-academia-research collaboration and open international cooperation on the efficiency of STEM research output translation. 报告强调，教育经费占 GDP 比例高、生均教育支出高，能为科研和教学提供充足的硬件支持，促进基础研究与人才培养之间的良性循环。报告还证实，产学研合作以及开放的国际合作对 STEM 研究成果转化效率具有显著影响。 In past international assessments, Chinese students have demonstrated strong performance. The 2018 PISA, hosted every three years by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, found that 15-year-olds in Beijing, Shanghai and the provinces of Jiangsu and Zhejiang ranked No 1 in all three core subjects — reading, science and mathematics — achieving the highest Level 4 rating. While China did not participate in the 2022 PISA test, it has consistently been among the top scorers. 在过去的国际评估中，中国学生表现优异。经济合作与发展组织每三年举办一次 PISA 测试，2018 年的测试显示，北京、上海、江苏、浙江的 15 岁学生在阅读、科学、数学三个核心科目中均排名第一，达到最高的 4 级水平。尽管中国未参加 2022 年 PISA 测试，但此前一直位居高分行列。 Domestically, China is prioritizing AI education. A recent document issued by the Ministry of Education outlines a tiered AI education system covering all levels of primary and secondary education. The system will guide students from basic cognitive understanding in primary school to deeper analysis in middle school and applied innovation in high school. At the higher education level, the development of artificial intelligence education at universities has been a priority. 在国内，中国正优先发展人工智能教育。教育部近期发布的一份文件规划了覆盖中小学各学段的分级人工智能教育体系。该体系将引导学生在小学阶段形成基础认知，初中阶段进行深入分析，高中阶段开展应用创新。在高等教育层面，高校人工智能教育的发展已成为重点。 Since 2018, when the first 35 Chinese universities introduced undergraduate AI programs, the field has expanded significantly, with over 626 institutions nationwide now offering AI-related degrees. 自 2018 年中国首批 35 所高校开设人工智能本科专业以来，该领域发展显著，目前全国已有 626 所院校开设人工智能相关专业。 STEM /stem/ 科学（Science）、技术（Technology）、工程（Engineering）、数学（Mathematics）的缩写 index /ˈɪndeks/ 指数，指标 competency /ˈkɒmpɪtənsi/ 能力，胜任力 collaboration /kəˌlæbəˈreɪʃn/ 合作，协作

The United States has announced new tariffs for over half of the member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, China's largest trading partners, which analysts said is a calculated escalation of Washington's efforts to reconfigure global supply chains away from Beijing.美国宣布对中国最大的贸易伙伴东南亚国家联盟（Association of Southeast Asian Nations）一半以上的成员国征收新关税，分析人士表示，这是华盛顿有意将全球供应链从北京重新配置的升级。The prospect of higher US tariffs could translate into higher prices for US consumers already grappling with persistent inflation and would undermine the stability of global supply chains, they added.他们补充说，美国提高关税的前景可能会转化为已经在努力应对持续通胀的美国消费者的更高价格，并将破坏全球供应链的稳定性。US President Donald Trump on Monday set out plans for a 40 percent tariff on goods from Myanmar and Laos, a 36 percent tariff on goods from Thailand and Cambodia, a 32 percent tariff on Indonesia, and a 25 percent tariff on goods from Malaysia.美国总统唐纳德·特朗普周一制定了对缅甸和老挝商品征收40%关税、对泰国和柬埔寨商品征收36%关税、对印度尼西亚商品征收32%关税和对马来西亚商品征收25%关税的计划。"These tariffs appear designed to make it economically disadvantageous for these Southeast Asian countries to maintain deep supply chain links with China, forcing a decoupling by increasing the cost of their exports to the US market if Chinese inputs or intermediate goods are involved," said Chen Wenling, former chief economist at the China Center for International Economic Exchanges.中国国际经济交流中心前首席经济学家陈文玲表示：“这些关税似乎旨在使这些东南亚国家与中国保持深厚的供应链联系在经济上处于不利地位，如果涉及中国的投入或中间产品，则通过增加其对美国市场的出口成本来迫使脱钩。”。The new tariffs will take effect on Aug 1 unless these countries can broker new trade deals with the White House. Trump threatened to raise rates even higher if any of the countries sought to evade the US duties by shipping through other nations.新关税将于8月1日生效，除非这些国家能够与白宫达成新的贸易协议。特朗普威胁称，如果任何一个国家试图通过其他国家运输来逃避美国的关税，他将进一步提高税率。Zhou Mi, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, said, "Additional tariffs will inevitably impact everyday affordability for US families."中国国际贸易经济合作研究院研究员周宓表示：“额外的关税将不可避免地影响美国家庭的日常负担能力。”"Moreover, they will disrupt global supply chains, compounding the challenges facing the already fragile global economic recovery," Zhou said.周表示：“此外，它们将扰乱全球供应链，加剧本已脆弱的全球经济复苏所面临的挑战。”。According to Trump, there will be no tariff if these countries or companies within the countries decide to build or manufacture products within the US, and that "in fact, we will do everything possible to get approvals quickly, professionally and routinely — in other words, in a matter of weeks".特朗普表示，如果这些国家或国内公司决定在美国境内生产或制造产品，将不会征收关税，“事实上，我们将尽一切可能快速、专业和常规地获得批准——换句话说，在几周内”。Earlier this month, Washington already made a deal with Vietnam, an ASEAN country that would see its exports to the US face a 20 percent tariff — lower than the 46 percent Trump had threatened in April.本月早些时候，华盛顿已经与东盟国家越南达成协议，越南对美国的出口将面临20%的关税，低于特朗普4月份威胁的46%。But Vietnamese goods would face a higher 40 percent tariff "on any transshipping", when goods shipped from Vietnam originate from another country, such as China.但当从越南运来的货物来自中国等其他国家时，越南货物将面临“任何转运”40%的更高关税。Guan Jian, a partner at Beijing Grand Win Law Firm, said the US approach toward Vietnam, imposing steep tariffs on goods suspected of being transshipped from another country, including China, could very well become a standard playbook in its future trade negotiations.北京大赢律师事务所合伙人关建表示，美国对越南采取的做法，对涉嫌从包括中国在内的另一个国家转运的货物征收高额关税，很可能成为其未来贸易谈判的标准策略。Chen, former chief economist at the China Center for International Economic Exchanges, said that China has forged tightly knit industrial and supply chain ties with ASEAN countries, which have become China's top trading partners for five consecutive years. In some ASEAN nations, over 70 percent of the intermediate inputs in their manufacturing sectors are sourced from China.中国国际经济交流中心前首席经济学家陈表示，中国与东盟国家建立了紧密的工业和供应链关系，东盟国家已连续五年成为中国最大的贸易伙伴。在一些东盟国家，其制造业70%以上的中间投入来自中国。"The numbers tell the story. It's not easy for Washington to undermine the market-driven integration," Chen said.陈说：“这些数字说明了问题。华盛顿不容易破坏市场驱动的一体化。”。reconfiguren.重新配置/ˌriːkənˈfɪɡər/standard playbookn.标准策略/ˈstændəd ˈpleɪbʊk/

In today's episode, we'll explore a newly developed draft document—Empowering Learners for the Age of AI: An AI Literacy Framework for Primary and Secondary Education—from the European Commission and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, with support from Code.org and other leading international experts. Visit AVID Open Access to learn more.

The 2nd China–Central Asia Summit marked a milestone in regional diplomacy, with President Xi Jinping introducing the “China–Central Asia Spirit” of mutual respect, trust, benefit, and assistance. Other key outcomes include the signing of the Treaty of Permanent Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation; the delivery of over 110 initiatives. Cooperation will focus on six priority areas: trade, connectivity, green minerals, agriculture, investment, and people-to-people ties — with expansion into AI and satellite navigation. What do these developments mean for the region and beyond?Host Ge Anna is joined by Zoon Ahmed Khan, Research Fellow at Center for China and Globalization; Dr. Wang Jin, Associate Professor at Northwest University in Xi'an, China; Dr. Zhou Mi, Senior Research Fellow with Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation.

“Zdrowie psychiczne jest kluczowym elementem dobrostanu każdej osoby i społeczeństwa jako całości (Światowa Organizacja Zdrowia [WHO], 2021). Mimo to, w Polsce, jego znaczenie wciąż wydaje się marginalizowane. Według danych Organizacji Współpracy Gospodarczej i Rozwoju (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development [OECD], 2021) Polska przeznacza mniej niż 3% budżetu na zdrowie psychiczne, co stanowi znacznie mniej niż w krajach takich jak Wielka Brytania czy Niemcy, gdzie wskaźnik ten wynosi około 10–15%. Jest to alarmujące, szczególnie w obliczu danych WHO (2017), które wskazują na rosnącą liczbę osób z objawami depresji i zaburzeń lękowych w naszym kraju. Pomimo tej rosnącej potrzeby, niewielki odsetek Polek i Polaków korzysta z profesjonalnej pomocy psychologicznej czy psychiatrycznej. Jak wynika z raportu CBOS (2021), aż 40% Polaków uważa, że korzystanie z pomocy psychiatrycznej może prowadzić do stygmatyzacji. To przekonanie wynika z braku edukacji społecznej i utrzymujących się stereotypów, które utrudniają dostęp do pomocy. Strach przed oceną innych, a także niewiedza na temat dostępnych form wsparcia, dodatkowo pogłębiają problem.”Tak zaczyna się raport zrealizowany przez Instytutu Psychologii Państwowej Akademii Nauk pod tytułem DOBROSTAN PSYCHICZNY W POLSCE. CO MYŚLIMY O POMOCY PSYCHOLOGICZNEJ?A moim i Waszym gościem jest dr hab. Łukasz Gawęda, Prof. IP PAN - kierownik Laboratorium Psychopatologii Eksperymentalnej. Psycholog, który łączy doświadczenie kliniczne (wcześniej kierował Pracownią Psychopatologii i Wczesnych Interwencji w II Klinice Psychiatrycznej WUM, ma doświadczenie pracy z pacjentami w oddziale stacjonarnym, dziennym oraz PZP; ukończył szkolenie CBT z el. psychodynamicznymi) z pracą naukową. Cały raport znajdziecie na stronie:https://psych.pan.pl/Montaż: Eugeniusz Karlov

In October 2021, 136 countries agreed to establish new tax rules requiring large multinational companies to pay at least 15% in corporate tax. Nearly four years later, this ambitious agreement is finally being implemented around the world, but its success faces big challenges.In the second part of The 15% solution, we examine progress towards implementing the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development's global tax framework. Featuring Martin Hearson, a research fellow at the Institute of Development Studies in the UK. This episode of The Conversation Weekly was written and produced by Mend Mariwany. Gemma Ware is the executive producer. Mixing and sound design by Eloise Stevens and theme music by Neeta Sarl. Sound design and mixing by Eloise Stevens and theme music by Neeta Sarl. Read the full credits for this episode and sign up here for a free daily newsletter from The Conversation.If you like the show, please consider donating to The Conversation, an independent, not-for-profit news organisation. Donation

The current landscape of the furniture industry is characterized by a perplexing economic dichotomy, wherein consumer confidence has risen significantly, yet critical indicators such as pending home sales are exhibiting a notable decline. Amidst this mixed economic scenario, we explore how the furniture manufacturing sector stands resilient, demonstrating unexpected growth even as broader manufacturing activities contract. This episode delves into the implications of these economic trends for professionals within the industry, emphasizing the necessity for agility and informed decision-making based on local market dynamics and consumer sentiment. Furthermore, we examine the evolving strategies in supply chain management that are becoming imperative for businesses aiming to mitigate risks associated with global disruptions. Finally, we highlight innovative advancements in retail technology that promise to enhance the customer experience, thereby reinforcing the importance of adaptability in an ever-changing market.Takeaways: The recent rise in consumer confidence, as indicated by the Conference Board's index, suggests a potential increase in discretionary spending on furniture, which could positively impact the industry. Despite the overall contraction in U.S. manufacturing, furniture manufacturing has displayed unexpected resilience, indicating a continued demand for furniture products in a fluctuating economic landscape. The current economic climate presents a mixed picture, where consumer optimism exists alongside concerning indicators such as declining home sales, necessitating vigilance and adaptability from industry professionals. The global economic forecast indicates a slowdown in growth, which could affect local furniture businesses through increased costs and inventory challenges, highlighting the importance of a diversified sourcing strategy. With supply chain resilience becoming a top priority, furniture companies must adopt advanced technologies and flexible practices to remain competitive in an evolving market environment. Recent advancements in retail technology, particularly the integration of seamless financing solutions, underscore the growing significance of enhancing the customer purchasing experience in the furniture sector. Companies mentioned in this episode: Conference Board Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OECD Storris Lendpro

Chinese Premier Li Qiang has made a trip to Southeast Asia this week for a historic first summit—where ASEAN, China, and the Gulf states aim to prove that 1+1+1 is greater than 3. Speaking at the talks in Kuala Lumpur, Li said the launch of the new forum marked a major innovation in regional economic cooperation amid complex changes in the international landscape.Host Ge Anna is joined by Dr Lee Pei May, Assistant Professor of Political Science at the International Islamic University Malaysia; Dr Rong Ying, Chair Professor with the School of International Studies, Sichuan University; Dr Zhou Mi, a senior research fellow with the Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation.

Cities around the world are facing a host of challenges. As the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development observed recently, "places are rethinking how to stay competitive on the global stage. Technological change, the green transition and shifting global value chains are reshaping local economies." Join Eugenie Birch, Co-Director of Penn IUR, and William Glasgall, Penn IUR Fellow and Volcker Alliance Public Finance Advisor, as our panel of current and former global mayors examine what cities should do now to set their future agendas for growth and shared prosperity. Speakers include Steve Adler, former Mayor, Austin, Texas; Stephanie Miner, former Mayor, Syracuse, New York; Nasiphi Moya, Mayor of Tshwane, South Africa; and Jaime Pumarejo Heins, former Mayor of Barranquilla, Colombia. Notable Quotes: “Today, the (Barranquilla) waterfront gets 10 million people visiting a year, from all types of places, from all of the socioeconomic strata of the city. It paid for itself because when we reappraised the land around it, within seven years, we were able to recuperate the investment." - Jaime Pumarejo Heins “As a city, we must be creative about how we fund our needs. We want to ramp up revenue collection, but we don't want to do that without taking care of the root cause, which is economic growth.” - Nasiphi Moya (Syracuse, New York, is currently facing) “a $27 million deficit—and that's with a 2 percent tax increase. Normally, when this kind of thing happens, you would turn to the state or even the federal government to ask for help. But given the uncertainty that's going on with the federal government, and this idea that there's a recession, there's not going to be that kind of aid coming through.” - Stephanie Miner (The [Austin, Texas] city council is) “projecting a $13 million shortfall this year, projected to go up to $35 million in the next couple years. We have stagnant sales tax revenue and a property tax revenue constraint imposed by our legislature.” - Steve Adler Be sure to subscribe to Special Briefing to stay up to date on the world of public finance. Learn more about the Volcker Alliance at: volckeralliance.org Learn more about Penn IUR at: penniur.upenn.edu Connect with us @VolckerAlliance and @PennIUR on Twitter, Facebook and LinkedIn Special Briefing is published by the Volcker Alliance, as part of its Public Finance initiatives, and Penn IUR. The views expressed on this podcast are those of the panelists and do not necessarily reflect the position of the Volcker Alliance or Penn IUR.

According to the U.S. State Department, three-fifths of global GDP, three-quarters of world trade, and 90 percent of official development assistance can be accounted for in 38 countries. Those countries are members of the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development – or OECD. Founded in 1961 and headquartered in Paris, the OECD's goals include stimulating global economic growth by providing a forum for intergovernmental collaboration. It's also the focus of this episode of Stats and Stories with guest Steve MacFeely. Steve MacFeely is, chief statistician at the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development and adjunct professor at University College Cork. MacFeely joined OECD in August of last year as chief statistician and director of statistics and the data directorate. Before joining the organization, MacFeely served as Director of Data and Analytics at the World Health Organization and as Director of Statistics and Information at U-N Trade and Development. He has also served as the Deputy Director-General at the Central Statistics Office (CSO) in Ireland.

Body of Evidence Americans are sicker than ever, with the highest rates of obesity and multiple chronic health conditions among developed nations, says a recent OECD study. A whistleblower reveals how the food industry fuels addiction by design. Americans are sicker than ever and there's a growing “Body of Evidence” that proves it. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development has determined that the US has the highest rate of obesity and the highest rate of multiple chronic health conditions out of ALL 38 developed countries they examined. Tonight, a food industry whistleblower talks about the addictive and dangerous ultra-processed foods that we are eating. Plus, two mothers and their teenagers, who are battling obesity, discuss their controversial decisions to give their children a shot at thinness. This is an episode that will empower you to eat differently and live healthier.