Podcasts about Pediatrics

In this episode, Jess and special guest co-host Dr. Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph welcome Dr. Susan Kressly, President of the American Academy of Pediatrics, for an in-depth discussion about the future of pediatric healthcare. The scientists explore the urgent need to redesign healthcare systems to prioritize prevention and wellness rather than reactive treatment. Dr. Kressly shares valuable insights on building trust between pediatricians and parents, addressing the critical challenges facing healthcare delivery today. The conversation examines vaccine confidence issues while emphasizing the importance of human-centered approaches to medical care. Throughout the episode, the experts highlight both the obstacles and opportunities in pediatric healthcare, offering a hopeful vision for creating better health outcomes for children and supporting families more effectively in navigating the complex healthcare landscape. Watch the conversation on YouTube: https://youtu.be/X8Bil_aW2UA (00:00) Intro (02:15) What Is A News Item That Caught Your Attention And Why? (06:54) Supporting Pediatricians In A Challenging Environment (09:14) How Can Parents Navigate Today's Healthcare System? (13:56) Vaccine Hesitancy Report Findings (16:05) Building Trust In Vaccination And Healthcare (26:22) Hope That Healthcare Is Improving? (29:59) What Is Giving Hope In Public Health? https://aap.org https://healthychildren.org https://www.pewresearch.org/science/2024/11/14/public-trust-in-scientists-and-views-on-their-role-in-policymaking/ https://www.pewresearch.org/science/2025/11/18/how-do-americans-view-childhood-vaccines-vaccine-research-and-policy/ https://www.instagram.com/p/DRNCjgwko6u/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Interested in advertising with us? Please reach out to advertising@airwavemedia.com, with “Unbiased Science” in the subject line. PLEASE NOTE: The discussion and information provided in this podcast are for general educational, scientific, and informational purposes only and are not intended as, and should not be treated as, medical or other professional advice for any particular individual or individuals. Every person and medical issue is different, and diagnosis and treatment requires consideration of specific facts often unique to the individual. As such, the information contained in this podcast should not be used as a substitute for consultation with and/or treatment by a doctor or other medical professional. If you are experiencing any medical issue or have any medical concern, you should consult with a doctor or other medical professional. Further, due to the inherent limitations of a podcast such as this as well as ongoing scientific developments, we do not guarantee the completeness or accuracy of the information or analysis provided in this podcast, although, of course we always endeavor to provide comprehensive information and analysis. In no event may Unbiased Science or any of the participants in this podcast be held liable to the listener or anyone else for any decision allegedly made or action allegedly taken or not taken allegedly in reliance on the discussion or information in this podcast or for any damages allegedly resulting from such reliance. The information provided herein do not represent the views of our employers. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this episode, ASTHO member and Michigan Department of Health & Human Services Chief Medical Executive Dr. Natasha Bagdasarian breaks down a major development in national vaccine policy: the CDC Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices' decision to narrow its guidance on the hepatitis B birth dose. Dr. Bagdasarian, who serves as ASTHO's liaison to the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, shares why the shift toward “individual decision-making” raises concerns for newborn safety, health equity, and public trust in vaccines.  She discusses the vulnerabilities in our health system that could leave some infants unprotected, how localized transmission risks extend beyond maternal infection, and why softening long-standing guidance may unintentionally fuel doubt about other vaccines. Dr. Bagdasarian also explains why Michigan—and many other states—are choosing to follow the American Academy of Pediatrics' recommendation to continue the universal birth dose.Designing for Connection Webinar Series | ASTHOHome | Public Health Careers.org

Send us a textDr. Matthew Laughon, Professor at University of North Carolina and NICHD Neonatal Research Network investigator, presents the landmark PDA Management Trial comparing expectant management versus active medical treatment (indomethacin, ibuprofen, or acetaminophen). The trial stopped early due to futility and safety concerns—mortality exceeded 10% in the treatment group versus 4% with expectant management, with more infection-related deaths among treated infants. Secondary outcomes (BPD, NEC, ROP) showed no differences. The study included infants with symptomatic PDAs but excluded those with severe cardiopulmonary compromise. Findings support expectant management for symptomatic PDAs through 21 days of life, aligning with recent guidelines recommending no routine treatment in the first two weeks. Support the showAs always, feel free to send us questions, comments, or suggestions to our email: nicupodcast@gmail.com. You can also contact the show through Instagram or Twitter, @nicupodcast. Or contact Ben and Daphna directly via their Twitter profiles: @drnicu and @doctordaphnamd. The papers discussed in today's episode are listed and timestamped on the webpage linked below. Enjoy!

In this episode, Alex Kemper, MD, MPH, MS, FAAP, editor-in-chief of the journal Pediatrics, offers a sampling from the December issue. David Hill, MD, FAAP, and Joanna Parga-Belinkie, MD, FAAP, also speak with Sean O'Leary, MD, MPH, FAAP, about effective strategies for communicating with families about vaccines. For resources go to aap.org/podcast.

This week's episode host Paul Wirkus, MD, FAAP and guest Tim Bahr, MD, FAAP take a deep dive into evaluating newborn jaundice and identifying early signs of hemolysis. We walk through the key elements of maternal testing that set the stage for newborn risk assessment, then explore how to interpret bilirubin trajectories to distinguish normal patterns from concerning trends. Our guests also review the role of the reticulocyte count, what a peripheral smear can reveal, and how these tools come together to guide clinical decision-making. The discussion closes with practical guidance on when pediatricians should involve hematology or neonatology to ensure timely, coordinated care for infants at risk of significant disease. Have a question? Email questions@vcurb.com. They will be answered in week four.For more information about available credit, visit vCurb.com.ACCME Accreditation StatementThis activity has been planned and implemented in accordance with the accreditation requirements and policies of the Colorado Medical Society through the joint providership of Kansas Chapter, American Academy of Pediatrics and Utah Chapter, AAP.  Kansas Chapter, American Academy of Pediatrics is accredited by the Colorado Medical Society to provide continuing medical education for physicians. AMA Credit Designation StatementKansas Chapter, American Academy of Pediatrics designates this live activity for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Dr. Sue Kressly, president of the American Academy of Pediatrics, joins Dr. Vin Gupta of Meidas Health for an emergency episode to discuss the recommended changes to the Hepatitis B vaccine schedule for babies. She clearly explains why the proposed test-and-immunize strategy would take us back decades to a time when tens of thousands of children were needlessly infected with a serious virus. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Welcome to the fourth episode of our Early Clinical Learners Series, a series dedicated to fostering clinical reasoning skills and strategies in early clinical trainees. This episode focuses on the musculoskeletal (MSK) block and uses a clinical case to guide listeners through approaching joint pain, identifying key red flags, and narrowing a differential diagnosis.Hosts: Caroline Wang, Samantha Shih, Dr. Richard AbramsGuests: Christopher Song, Grant PrimerProduced By: Caroline Wang, Samantha ShihAlert & Oriented is a medical student-run clinical reasoning podcast dedicated to providing a unique platform for early learners to practice their skills as a team in real time. Through our podcast, we strive to foster a learning environment where medical students can engage with one another, share knowledge, and gain valuable experience in clinical reasoning. We aim to provide a comprehensive and supportive platform for early learners to develop their clinical reasoning skills, build confidence in their craft, and become the best clinicians they can be.Follow the team on Twitter:A&OA fantastic resource, by learners, for learners in Internal Medicine, Family Medicine, Pediatrics, Primary Care, Emergency Medicine, and Hospital Medicine.

ECMO is the topic of this week's episode of Pediheart. We speak with Assistant Professor of Pediatrics and cardiac critical care specialist at Northwell Health, Dr. Ivana Capin about a recent ELSO database study she conducted to assess outcomes in single ventricle patients who were treated with ECMO prior to single ventricle palliation. What factors were associated with worse overall outcomes? Can this therapy be used to stabilize the HLHS patient with an intact atrial septum? Why have outcomes for this high risk patient group not appreciably improved in the recent decade? How can these data improve prognostic clarity when speaking with families in this difficult situation.Also joining us briefly is Associate Professor of Pediatrics at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Dr. Scott Aydin to discuss his co-author and mentor, Dr. George Ofori-Amanfo as we approach the 4th anniversary of his untimely and tragic passing. DOI: 10.1017/S1047951125001386

Body image doesn't just impact young girls – our boys are impacted by toxic body image standards as well. From gym bros to emotional eating, let's unpack the silent crisis affecting young boys.

Host: Jasmine T. Kency, M.D., Associate Professor of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics at the University of Mississippi Medical Center.Topic: High Blood Pressure continuedEmail the show: remedy@mpbonline.org. If you enjoy listening to this podcast, please consider contributing to MPB. https://donate.mpbfoundation.org/mspb/podcast. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

We kicked off the program with four news stories and different guests on the stories we think you need to know about! Graduation Framework Recommends New High School TestsGuest: Sam Drysdale – State House News ReporterWhy Customer Service Is Designed NOT To Serve Customers! The real reasons behind long hold times, dead-end chatbots & disempowered agents.Guest: Amas Tenumah - MBA, author of the new book, HOLD: The Suffering Economy of Customer Service, is a former customer service executive Is online shopping a recipe for identity theft? How consumers can stay protected.Guest: Michael Bruemmer - VP of Global Data Breach Resolution at Experian Is 12 Too Young For A Cell Phone? New study published in the peer-reviewed journal, Pediatrics found that kids with a smartphone by age 12 face an increased risk of developing depression, sleep problems and obesity.Guest: Dr. Catherine Athans – psychologist & author See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Email the show at kids@mpbonline.orgHost: Dr. Morgan McLeod, Asst. Professor of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine at the University of Mississippi Medical Center.If you enjoyed listening to this podcast, please consider contributing to MPB: https://donate.mpbfoundation.org/mspb/podcast How to keep safe concerning:gunsswallowingup the nose!bunsanaphylaxishead injury Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

I spoke with Dr. Elaine Cheng, a neonatologist at Loyola, to learn about her experiences with navigating the challenges she faces in the NICU and how it's shaped her perspective on striking the balance between being clinically efficient while consistently being supportive and empathetic towards patients and families.Episode produced by: Anumitha AravindanEpisode recording date: 11/10/25www.medicuspodcast.com | medicuspodcast@gmail.com | Donate: http://bit.ly/MedicusDonate

This week's episode focuses on alloimmunization the prevention of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). Our host Paul Wirkus, MD, FAAP and Tim Bahr, MD break down the immunologic mechanisms behind HDFN, discuss how maternal sensitization occurs, and explain why timely screening and prophylaxis are essential. We review current recommendations, practical considerations for pediatric and perinatal providers, and the role of coordinated care across obstetrics and pediatrics to reduce the risk of this preventable condition. Have a question? Email questions@vcurb.com. They will be answered in week four.For more information about available credit, visit vCurb.com.ACCME Accreditation StatementThis activity has been planned and implemented in accordance with the accreditation requirements and policies of the Colorado Medical Society through the joint providership of Kansas Chapter, American Academy of Pediatrics and Utah Chapter, AAP.  Kansas Chapter, American Academy of Pediatrics is accredited by the Colorado Medical Society to provide continuing medical education for physicians. AMA Credit Designation StatementKansas Chapter, American Academy of Pediatrics designates this live activity for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

The holidays are usually when you ask Santa for the latest gadgets and gizmos, but if a smartphone is on the list for your tween, you may want to reconsider. A new study published in the journal Pediatrics shows that Kids who have smartphones by age 12 have a higher risk of depression and obesity.  We discuss the study's findings and ask Utahns at what age it is right to give your kid a smartphone.  

Your kids may be begging and pleading for you to get them a smartphone this Christmas. But you may want to hold off on getting your kids their own phone for the holidays. A new study published in the journal Pediatrics finds a host of issues related to physical and mental health among kids who had a smartphone before age 12. To discuss the findings from this study is ABC News Correspondent Jim Ryan. 

Pediatrician Dr. Jill Schaffeld consults Dr. Ashley Walther from the Division of Pediatric Surgery on hernias. Episode recorded on August 7, 2025.  Resources discussed in this episode: Inguinal Hernia - Community Practice Support Tool   Financial Disclosure:  The following relevant financial relationships have been disclosed: None All relevant financial relationships listed have been mitigated. Remaining persons in control of content have no relevant financial relationships. To Claim Credit: Click "Launch Activity." Click "Launch Website" to access and listen to the podcast. After listening to the entire podcast, click "Post Test" and complete.   Accreditation In support of improving patient care, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center is jointly accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), and the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), to provide continuing education for the healthcare team. Specific accreditation information will be provided for each activity. Physician:  Cincinnati Children's designates this Enduring Material for a maximum of 0.25 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.  Nursing:  This activity is approved for a maximum 0.25 continuing nursing education (CNE) contact hours. ABP MOCpt2: Completion of this CME activity, which includes learner assessment and feedback, enables the learner to earn up to 0.25 points in the American Board of Pediatrics' (ABP) Maintenance of Certification (MOC) program. Cincinnati Children's submits MOC/CC credit for board diplomates.   Credits AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™ (0.25 hours), ABP MOC Part 2 (0.25 hours), CME - Non-Physician (Attendance) (0.25 hours), Nursing CE (0.25 hours)    

Host: Dr. Susan Buttross, Professor of Pediatrics at the University of Mississippi Medical Center, and Abram NanneyTopic: When everything around you is merry and bright and you just aren't feeling it, do you have the holiday blues, or could it be Seasonal Affective Disorder? Today we'll tell you how to recognize the difference between the 2 and what you can do to combat both so that your holiday can be a little brighter.You can join the conversation by sending an email to: family@mpbonline.org. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In this episode, hosts Drs. Temara Hajjat and Jason Silverman talk to Dr. Paul Tran about attracting and educating a new generation of learners.Learning Objectives:Discuss an approach to attracting learners to pediatric gastroenterology while addressing perceived barriersReview approaches to capturing and maintaining interest in educational contentOutline approaches to incorporate digital content into medical educationLinks:Alimentary School on TikTok, Instagram and YouTubeNASPGHAN social media position paperMedical media paperSupport the showThis episode may be eligible for CME credit! Once you have listened to the episode, click this link to claim your credit. Credit is available to NASPGHAN members (if you are not a member, you should probably sign up). And thank you to the NASPGHAN Professional Education Committee for their review!As always, the discussion, views, and recommendations in this podcast are the sole responsibility of the hosts and guests and are subject to change over time with advances in the field.Check out our merch website!Follow us on Bluesky, Twitter, Facebook and Instagram for all the latest news and upcoming episodes.Click here to support the show.

Did you know that a single crumb of bread is enough to cause an autoimmune response in children with celiac disease? Dr. Pankaj Vohra, Professor of Pediatrics and Board-Certified Pediatric Gastroenterologist, joins medical student Andrea Smith to discuss the evaluation and management of celiac disease, as well as essential guidance for following a gluten-free diet. Specifically, they will: Review the epidemiology of celiac disease and identify common symptoms and presentations of celiac disease Describe the pathophysiology of celiac disease including histopathological changes to the duodenum Identify diagnostic tests and criteria for diagnosing celiac disease in the pediatric population Identify common sources of gluten and the basics of identifying gluten on food labels Discuss typical management of celiac disease including appropriate screening tests and managing accidental gluten ingestion Special thanks to Dr. Rebecca Yang and Dr. Neeharika Bade for peer reviewing this episode. CME available free with sign up: Link coming soon! References: Bolia, R., & Thapar, N. (2023). Celiac Disease in Children: A 2023 Update. In Indian Journal of Pediatrics. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-023-04659-w Gidrewicz, D., Potter, K., Trevenen, C. L., Lyon, M., & Butzner, J. D. (2015). Evaluation of the ESPGHAN celiac guidelines in a North American pediatric population. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 110(5), 760–767. https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2015.87 Hill, I. D., Fasano, A., Guandalini, S., Hoffenberg, E., Levy, J., Reilly, N., & Verma, R. (2016). NASPGHAN clinical report on the diagnosis and treatment of gluten-related disorders. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 63(1), 156–165. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000001216 Husby, S., Koletzko, S., Korponay-Szabó, I., Kurppa, K., Mearin, M. L., Ribes-Koninckx, C., Shamir, R., Troncone, R., Auricchio, R., Castillejo, G., Christensen, R., Dolinsek, J., Gillett, P., Hróbjartsson, A., Koltai, T., Maki, M., Nielsen, S. M., Popp, A., Størdal, K., … Wessels, M. (2020). European Society Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Guidelines for Diagnosing Coeliac Disease 2020. In Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition (Vol. 70, Issue 1, pp. 141–156). Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000002497 Nenna, R., Tiberti, C., Petrarca, L., Lucantoni, F., Mennini, M., Luparia, R. P. L., Panimolle, F., Mastrogiorgio, G., Pietropaoli, N., Magliocca, F. M., & Bonamico, M. (2013). The celiac iceberg: Characterization of the disease in primary schoolchildren. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 56(4), 416–421. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0b013e31827b7f64 Sahin, Y. (2021). Celiac disease in children: A review of the literature. In World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics (Vol. 10, Issue 4, pp. 53–71). Baishideng Publishing Group Co. https://doi.org/10.5409/wjcp.v10.i4.53 Salden, B. N., Monserrat, V., Troost, F. J., Bruins, M. J., Edens, L., Bartholomé, R., Haenen, G. R., Winkens, B., Koning, F., & Masclee, A. A. (2015). Randomised clinical study: Aspergillus niger-derived enzyme digests gluten in the stomach of healthy volunteers. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 42(3), 273–285. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13266 Schuppan, D., Mäki, M., Lundin, K. E. A., Isola, J., Friesing-Sosnik, T., Taavela, J., Popp, A., Koskenpato, J., Langhorst, J., Hovde, Ø., Lähdeaho, M.-L., Fusco, S., Schumann, M., Török, H. P., Kupcinskas, J., Zopf, Y., Lohse, A. W., Scheinin, M., Kull, K., … Greinwald, R. (2021). A Randomized Trial of a Transglutaminase 2 Inhibitor for Celiac Disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 385(1), 35–45. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa2032441 Tack, G. J., van de Water, J. M. W., Bruins, M. J., Kooy-Winkelaar, E. M. C., van Bergen, J., Bonnet, P., Vreugdenhil, A. C. E., Korponay-Szabo, I., Edens, L., von Blomberg, B. M. E., Schreurs, M. W. J., Mulder, C. J., & Koning, F. (2013). Consumption of gluten with gluten-degrading enzyme by celiac patients: A pilot-study. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 19(35), 5837–5847. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v19.i35.5837 Husby S, Koletzko S, Korponay-Szabó IR, et al. European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition guidelines for the diagnosis of coeliac disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2012; 54: 136–160

Welcome to the Choosing Wisely Campaign series! This is the fifth and final episode of our 5-part series exploring the ABIM Foundation's Choosing Wisely Lists. This campaign aims to promote conversations between clinicians and patients to avoid unnecessary medical tests, treatments, and procedures. Our last case-based episode focuses on a school-aged male presenting with new-onset enuresis. After a discussion of the differential diagnosis and evidence-based evaluation strategies, we apply recommendations from multiple AAP Choosing Wisely lists to create a care plan that is safe, resource-conscious, and child-centered. Throughout this episode, we'll highlight how ethical care principles—beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice—guide high-value decision-making and help us avoid unnecessary imaging, laboratory studies, and interventions that add cost without improving outcomes. This familiar case in pediatrics is worthy of a rewind to relisten to a throwback episode that will reinforce your skills and emphasize the clinical diagnosis and management without added diagnostics, referrals, or medications.  This case closes out our series on Choosing Wisely in Pediatrics, but the principles we've explored should continue to inform your practice every day. If you missed earlier episodes, rewind to learn more about the campaign's background and listen to cases on fever and cough, gastroenterology presentations, and more.   Series Learning Objectives: Introduction to the Choosing Wisely Campaign: Understand the origins, historical precedent, and primary goals of the campaign. Case-Based Applications: Explore five common presentations in primary and acute care pediatrics, applying concepts from various Choosing Wisely lists to guide management and resource stewardship. Effective Communication: Learn strategies for engaging in tough conversations with parents and colleagues to create allies and ensure evidence-based practices are followed. Modified rMETRIQ Score: 15/15 What does this mean?   Competencies: AACN Essentials: 1: 1.1 g; 1.2 f; 1.3 d, e 2: 2.1 d, e; 2.2 g; 2.4 f, g; 2.5 h, i, j, k 7: 7.2 g, h, k 9: 9.1i, j; 9.2 i, j; 9.3 i, k NONPF NP Core Competencies: 1: NP 1.1h; NP 1.2 k, m; NP 1.3 f, j, h 2: NP 2.1 j, g; NP 2.2 k, n; NP 2.4 h, i; NP 2.5 k, l, m, n, o 7: NP 7.2 m 9: NP 9.1 m, n; NP 9.2 n; NP 9.3 p References: AAP Section on Emergency Medicine & Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians. (2022). Five things physicians and patients should question. Retrieved from https://downloads.aap.org/AAP/PDF/Choosing%20Wisely/CWEmergencyMedicine.pdf AAP Section on Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. (2023). Five things physicians and patients should question. https://downloads.aap.org/AAP/PDF/Choosing%20Wisely/CWGastroenterology.pdf AAP Section on Urology. (2022). Five things physicians and patients should question. Retrieved from https://downloads.aap.org/AAP/PDF/Choosing%20Wisely/CWUrology.pdf Daniel, M., Szymanik-Grzelak, H., Sierdziński, J., Podsiadły, E., Kowalewska-Młot, M., & Pańczyk-Tomaszewska, M. (2023). Epidemiology and Risk Factors of UTIs in Children-A Single-Center Observation. Journal of personalized medicine, 13(1), 138. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13010138 McMullen, P.C., Zangaro, G., Selzer, C., Williams, H. (2026). Nurse Practitioner Claims and the National Practitioner Data Bank: Trends, Analysis, and Implications for Nurse Practitioner Education and Practice. Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 22(1), p. 105569, https://doi-org.proxy.lib.duke.edu/10.1016/j.nurpra.2025.105569 Tabbers, M. M., DiLorenzo, C., Berger, M. Y., Faure, C., Langendam, M. W., Nurko, S., Staiano, A., Vandenplas, Y., Benninga, M. A., European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, & North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology (2014). Evaluation and treatment of functional constipation in infants and children: evidence-based recommendations from ESPGHAN and NASPGHAN. Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition, 58(2), 258–274. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000000266 UCSF Benioff Children's Hospitals. (n.d.). Constipation & urologic problems. https://www.ucsfbenioffchildrens.org/conditions/constipation-and-urologic-problems Vaughan, D. (2015). The Challenger Launch Decision: Risky Technology, Deviance, and Culture at NASA. University of Chicago Press. DOI: 10.7208/chicago/9780226346960.001.0001 Wilbanks, Bryan A. PhD, DNP, CRNA. Evaluation of Methods to Measure Production Pressure: A Literature Review. Journal of Nursing Care Quality 35(2):p E14-E19, April/June 2020. | DOI: 10.1097/NCQ.0000000000000411

This week we go back in time to 2020 to delve into the topic of fellow wellness and review a work from the Boston Children's group on fellow fears and stressors when beginning their training. Are there patterns amongst the fellow concerns that can be identified and used to inform interventions to help allay these fears and reduce the stress? We speak with Dr. David Brown, Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School and also Dr. Tony Pastor who was then the ACHD Fellow at Boston Children's Hospital/Brigham and Women's Hospital about their thoughts on fellow fears and stressors as well as fellow (and doctor) wellness. doi: 10.1007/s00246-019-02276-z.

KB is BACK and joined by Marcelino Ojeda IV for a "Broadcasters Edition" of Guzman's Gridiron. KB and Marcelino recap the past few weeks of Vineland Football including Homecoming, the Consolation Game win vs Haddon Heights, and salute a number of players performances in those games. Then they dive into the history, excitement, and game notes for the 154th meeting between Vineland and Millville. They discuss their love for the matchup, being etched in the history of the matchup, and why this game is so special. Happy Thanksgiving everyone! Support our partners! Allen Associates: Visit ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠allenassoc.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ to learn more and access their services or call 856-692-2250! The City of Vineland: Visit ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠www.vinelandcity.org⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ and stay connected with the community and learn about important announcements, programs, and services offered by the city! Vineland, New Jersey... Where It's Always Growing Season! Family Medical Equipment: As a full home medical equipment company, Family Medical Equipment offers specialty equipment for Pediatrics through Geriatrics. Since 2001, Family Medical Equipment has been a trusted service throughout New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware for essential healthcare needs. Visit their Vineland retail shop at 106 W Landis Ave Unit 10 or visit their website, ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠www.familymedicalequipment.net/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ and experience the difference that a family business provides. Follow us! Twitter: Vineland Football: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@VinelandFB⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Underground Sports Philadelphia: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@UndergroundPHI⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Instagram: Vineland Football: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@vineland_football⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Underground Sports Philadelphia: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@undergroundphi⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ YouTube: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠www.youtube.com/@UndergroundSport…⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Intro Music: Arkells "⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Relentless⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠" Outro Music: Arkells "⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Relentless⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠" #subscribe #football #Vineland #HighSchoolFootball #fyp #Thanksgiving #VinelandMillville #Millville #History #GuzmansGridiron #podcastcharts

Dystrophinopathies are heritable muscle disorders caused by pathogenic variants in the DMD gene, leading to progressive muscle breakdown, proximal weakness, cardiomyopathy, and respiratory failure. Diagnosis and management are evolving areas of neuromuscular neurology. In this episode, Kait Nevel, MD, speaks with Divya Jayaraman, MD, PhD, an author of the article "Dystrophinopathies" in the Continuum® October 2025 Muscle and Neuromuscular Junction Disorders issue. Dr. Nevel is a Continuum® Audio interviewer and a neurologist and neuro-oncologist at Indiana University School of Medicine in Indianapolis, Indiana. Dr. Jayaraman is an assistant professor of neurology and pediatrics in the division of child neurology at the Columbia University Irving Medical Center in New York, New York. Additional Resources Read the article: Dystrophinopathies Subscribe to Continuum®: shop.lww.com/Continuum Earn CME (available only to AAN members): continpub.com/AudioCME Continuum® Aloud (verbatim audio-book style recordings of articles available only to Continuum® subscribers): continpub.com/Aloud More about the American Academy of Neurology: aan.com Social Media facebook.com/continuumcme @ContinuumAAN Host: @IUneurodocmom Full episode transcript available here Dr Jones: This is Dr Lyell Jones, Editor-in-Chief of Continuum. Thank you for listening to Continuum Audio. Be sure to visit the links in the episode notes for information about earning CME subscribing to the journal, and exclusive access to interviews not featured on the podcast. Dr Nevel: Hello, this is Dr Kate Nevel. Today I'm interviewing Dr Divya Jayaraman about her article on dystrophinopathies, which she wrote with Dr Partha Ghosh. This article appears in the October 2025 Continuum issue on muscle and neuromuscular junction disorders. Divya, welcome to the podcast, and please introduce yourself to the audience. Dr Jayaraman: Thank you so much, Dr Nevel. My name is Divya, and I am an assistant professor of Neurology and Pediatrics at Columbia University Irving Medical Center, and also an attending physician in the Pediatric Neuromuscular program there. In that capacity, I see patients with pediatric neuromuscular disorders and also some general pediatric neurology patients and also do research, primarily clinical research and clinical trials on pediatric neuromuscular disorders. Dr Nevel: Wonderful. Thank you for sharing that background with us. To set us on the same page for our discussion, before we get into some more details of the article, perhaps, could you start with some definitions? What comprises the dystrophinopathies? What are some of the core features? Dr Jayaraman: So, the dystrophinopathies, I like that term because it is a smaller subset from the muscular dystrophies. The dystrophinopathies are a spectrum of clinical phenotypes that are all associated with mutations in the DMD gene on chromosome X. So, that includes DMD---or, Duchenne muscular dystrophy---, Becker muscular dystrophy, intermediate muscular dystrophy (which falls in between the two), dilated cardiomyopathy, asymptomatic hyperCKemia, and manifesting female carriers. In terms of the core features of these conditions, so, there's some variability, weakness being prominent in Duchenne and also Becker. The asymptomatic hyperCKemia, on the other hand, may have minimal symptoms and might be found incidentally by just having a high CK on their labs. They all will have some degree of elevated CK. The dilated cardiomyopathy patients, and also the Becker patients to a lesser degree, will have cardiac involvement out of proportion to skeletal muscle involvement, and then the manifesting carriers likewise can have elevated CK and prominent cardiac involvement as well as some milder weakness. Dr Nevel: Now that we have some definitions, for the practicing neurologists out there, what do you think is the most important takeaway from your article about the dystrophinopathies? Dr Jayaraman: I like this question because it suggests that there's something that, really, any neurologist could do to help us pick up these patients sooner. And the big takeaway I want everyone to get from this is to check the CK, or creatine kinase, level. It's a simple, cheap, easy test that anyone can order, and it really helps us a lot in terms of setting the patient on the diagnostic odyssey. And in terms of whom you should be thinking about checking a CK in, obviously patients who present with some of the classic clinical features of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. This would include young boys who have toe walking, as they're presenting, sign; or motor delayed, delayed walking. They may have calf hypertrophy, which is what we say nowadays. You might have seen calf pseudohypertrophy in your neurology textbooks, but we just say calf hypertrophy now. Or patients can often have a Gowers sign or Gowers maneuver, which is named after a person called Gowers who described this phenomenon where the child will basically turn over and use their hands on the floor to stand up, usually with a wide-based gait, and then they'll sort of march their hands up their legs. That's the sort of classic Gowers maneuver. There are modified versions of that as well. So, if anyone presents with this classic presentation, for sure the best first step is to check a CK. But I would also think about checking a CK for some atypical cases. For example, any boy with any kind of motor or speech delay for whom you might not necessarily be thinking about a muscle disorder, it's always good practice to check a CK. Even a boy with autism for whom you may not get a good clinical exam. This patient might present to a general pediatric neurology clinic. I always check a CK in those patients, and you'll pick up a lot of cases that way. For the adult folks in particular, the adult neurologist, a female patient could show up in your clinic with asymptomatic hyperCKemia. And I think it's an important differential to think about for them because this could have implications not just for their own cardiac risks, but also for their family planning. Dr Nevel: So, tell us a little bit more about the timing of diagnosis. Biggest takeaway: check a CK if this is anywhere on your radar, even if somewhat of an atypical case. Why is it so important to get kiddos started on that diagnostic odyssey, as you called it, early? Dr Jayaraman: This is especially important for kids because if they especially get a Duchenne muscular dystrophy diagnosis, you might be making them eligible for treatments that we've had for some time, and also treatments that were not available earlier that hinge on making that diagnosis. So, for example, people may be skeptical about steroids, but there's population data to suggest that initiation and implementation of steroids could delay the onset of loss of ambulation as much as three years. So, you don't want to deprive patients of the chance to get that. And then all the newer emerging therapies---which we'll be talking about later, I'm sure---require a Duchenne muscular dystrophy diagnosis. So, that's why it's so important to check a CK, have this on your radar, and then get them to a good specialist. Dr Nevel: I know that you alluded already, or shared a few of the kind of exam paroles or findings among patients with dystrophinopathy. But could you share with us a little bit more how you approach these patients in the clinic who are presenting with muscle weakness, perhaps? And how do you approach this or think about this in terms of ways to potentially differentiate between a dystrophinopathy versus another cause of motor weakness or delay? Dr Jayaraman: It's helpful to think through the neuraxis and what kinds of disorders can present along that neuraxis. A major differential that I'm always thinking about when I'm seeing a child with proximal weakness is spinal muscular atrophy, which is a genetic anterior horn cell disorder that can also present in this age group. And some of the key differences there would be things like reflexes. So, you should have dropped reflexes in spinal muscular atrophy. In DMD, surprisingly, they might have preserved Achilles reflexes even if their patellar reflexes are lost. It may only be much later that they go on to lose their Achilles reflex. So, if you can get an Achilles reflex, that's quite reassuring, and if you cannot, then you need to be thinking about spinal muscular atrophy. They can both have low muscle tone and can present quite similarly, including with proximal weakness, and can even have neck flexion weakness. So, this is an important distinction to make. The reason for that is, obviously there are treatments for both conditions, but for spinal muscular atrophy, timing is very, very important. Time is motor neurons, so the sooner you make that diagnosis the better. Other considerations would be the congenital muscular dystrophies. So, for those that they tend to present a lot younger, like in infancy or very early on, and they can have much, much higher CKS in that age range than a comparable Duchenne or Becker muscular dystrophy patient. They can also have other involvement of the central nervous system that you wouldn't see in the dystrophinopathies, for example. My mnemonic for the congenital muscular dystrophies is muscle-eye-brain disease, which is one of the subtypes. So, you think about muscle involvement, eye involvement, and brain involvement. So, they need an ophthalmology valve. They can have brain malformations, which you typically don't see in the dystrophinopathies. I think those are some of the major considerations that I have. Obviously, it's always good to think about the rest of the neuraxis as well. Like, could this be a central nervous system process? Do they have upper motor neuron signs? But that's just using all of your exam tools as a neurologist. Dr Nevel: Yeah, absolutely. So, let's say you have a patient in clinic and you suspect they may have a dystrophinopathy. What is your next diagnostic step after your exam? Maybe you have an elevated CK and you've met with the patient. What comes next? Dr Jayaraman: Great question. So, after the CK, my next step is to go to genetics. And this is a bit of a change in practice over time. In the past we would go from the CK to the muscle biopsy before genetic testing was standard. And I think now, especially in kids, we want to try and spare them invasive procedures where possible. So, genetic testing would be the next step. There are a few no-charge, sponsored testing programs for the dystrophinopathies and also for some of the differential diagnosis that I mentioned. And I think we'll be including links to websites for all of these in the final version of the published article. So, those are a good starting point for a genetic workup. It's really important to know that, you know, deletions and duplications are a very common type of mutation in the DMD gene. And so, if you just do a very broad testing, like whole exome, you might miss some of those duplications and deletions. And it's important to include both checking for duplications and deletions, and also making sure that the DMD gene is sequenced. So always look at whatever genetic test you're ordering and making sure that it's actually going to do what you want it to do. After genetics, I think that the sort of natural question is, what if things are not clear after the genetics for some reason? We still use biopsy in this day and age, but we save it for those cases where it's not entirely clear or maybe the phenotype is a little bit discordant from the genotype. So, for mutations that disrupt the reading frame, those tend to cause Duchenne muscular dystrophy, whereas mutations that preserve the reading frame tend to cause Becker muscular dystrophy. There are some important exceptions to this, which is where muscle biopsy can be especially helpful in sorting it out. So, for example, there are some early mutations early in the DMD gene where, basically, they find an alternate start codon or an initiation codon to continue with transcription and translation. So, you end up forming a largely functional, somewhat truncated protein that gives you more of a milder Becker phenotype. On the other hand, you can have some non-frameshift or inframe mutations that preserve the reading frame, but because they disrupt a very key domain in the protein that's really crucial for its function, you can actually end up with a much more severe Duchennelike phenotype. So, for these sorts of cases, you might know a priori you're dealing with them, but might just be a child who is who you think has DMD has a mutation that's showed up on testing. There isn't enough in the literature to point you one way or another, but they look maybe a little milder than you would expect. That would be a good kid to do a biopsy in because there are treatment decisions that hinge on this. There are treatments that are only for Duchenne that someone with a milder phenotype would not be eligible for. Dr Nevel: So, that kind of stepwise approach, but maybe not all kids need a muscle biopsy is what I'm hearing from you. If it's a mutation that's been well-described in the literature to be fitting with Duchenne, for example. Dr Jayaraman: Absolutely. Dr Nevel: So, after you confirm the diagnosis through genetic testing---and let's say, you know, whether or not you do a muscle biopsy or not, after you know the diagnosis is a dystrophinopathy---how do you counsel the families and your patients? What are the most important points to relay to families, especially in that initial phase where the diagnosis is being made? Dr Jayaraman: This is a lot of what we do in pediatric neurology in general, right? So, I actually picked up this approach from the pediatric hematology oncology specialists at Boston Children's. They had this concept of a day-zero conversation, which is the day that you disclose the life-changing diagnosis or potentially, at some point, terminal diagnosis to a family. And some of the key components of that are a not beating around the bush, telling them what the diagnosis is, and then letting them have whatever emotional response they're going to have in the moment. And you may not get much further than that, but honestly, you want them to take away, this is what my child has. I did not do anything to cause this, nor could I have done anything to prevent this. Because often for these genetic conditions, there's a lot of guilt, a lot of parental guilt. So, you want to try and assuage that as much as possible. And then to know that they're not going to be alone on this journey; that, you know, they don't have to have it all figured out right then, but we can always come back and answer any questions they have. There's going to be a whole team of specialists. We're going to help the family and the kid manage this condition. Those are sort of my big takeaways that I want them to get. Dr Nevel: Right. And that segues into my next question, which is, who is part of that team? I know that these teams that help take care of people with dystrophinopathies and other muscle disorders can be very large teams that span multiple specialists. Can you talk a little bit more about that for this group of patients? Dr Jayaraman: Of course. So, the neuromuscular neurologist, really, our role is in coordinating the diagnosis, the initiation of any disease-specific treatments, and coordinating care with a whole group of specialists. So, we're sort of at the center of that, but everyone else is equally important. So, the other specialists include physical therapists; occupational therapists; rehab doctors or physiatrists; orthotists who help with all of the many braces and other devices that they might need, wheelchairs; pulmonology, of course, for managing the respiratory manifestations of this. It becomes increasingly important over time, and they are involved early on to help monitor for impending respiratory problems. Cardiac manifestations, this is huge and something that you should be thinking about even for your female carriers, the mother of the patient you're seeing in the clinic, or your patient who comes to adult clinic with asymptomatic hyperCKemia. if you end up making a diagnosis of DMD carrier for those patients, or if you make a Becker diagnosis, the cardiac surveillance is even more important because the cardiac involvement can be out of proportion to the skeletal muscle weakness. And of course, extremely important for the Duchenne patients as well. Endocrinologists are hugely important because in the course of treating patients with steroids, we end up giving them a lot of iatrogenic endocrinologic complications. Like they might have delayed puberty, they might have loss of growth, of height; and of course metabolic syndrome. So, endocrinology is hugely important. They're also important in managing things like fracture prevention, osteoporosis, prescribing bisphosphonates if necessary. Nutrition and GI are also important, not just later on when they might need assistance to take in nutrition, whether that's through tube feeds, but also earlier on when we're trying to manage the weight. Orthopedics, of course, for the various orthopedic complications that patients develop. And then finally, a word must be said for social work and behavioral and mental health specialists, because a lot of this patient population has a lot of mental health challenges as well. Dr Nevel: After you give the diagnosis, you've counseled the patient and families and you've had those kind of initial phase discussions, the day-zero discussion, when you start getting into discussions or thoughts about management, disease-specific medication. But what are the main categories of the treatment options, and maybe how do you kind of approach deciding between treatment options for your patients? Dr Jayaraman: So, there are two broad categories that I like to think about. So, one is the oral corticosteroids and oral histone deacetylase, or HDAC inhibitors, which share the common characteristic that they are non-mutation specific. And within corticosteroids, patients now have a choice between just Prednisone or Prednisolone, or Deflazacort or Vermilion. The oral HDAC inhibitors are newly FDA-approved as a nonsteroidal therapy in addition to corticosteroids in DMD patients above six years of age. I would say we're in the early phase of adoption of this in clinical practice. And then the other big category of treatment options would be the genetic therapies as a broad bucket, and this would include gene therapy or gene replacement therapy, of which the most famous is the microdystrophin gene therapy that was FDA-approved first on an accelerated approval basis for ages four to eight, and then a full approval in that age group as well as an accelerated approval for all comers, essentially, with DMD. This is obviously controversial. Different centers approach this a bit differently. I think our practice at our site has been to focus on the ambulatory population, just thinking about risk versus benefit, because the risks are not insignificant. So really this is something that should be done by experienced sites that have the bandwidth and the wherewithal to counsel patients through all of this and to manage complications as they arise with regular monitoring. And then another class that falls within this broader category would be the Exon-skipping therapies. So as the name suggests, they are oligonucleotides that cause an Exon to be skipped. The idea is, if there is a mutation in a particular Exon that causes a frame shift, and there's an adjacent Exon that you can force skipping of, then the resulting protein, when you splice the two ends together, will actually allow restoration of the reading frame. I think the picture I want to paint is that there's a wide range of options that we present to families, not all of which everyone will be eligible for. And they all have different risk profiles. And I really think the choice of a particular therapy has to be a risk-benefit decision and a shared decision-making process between the physician and the family. Dr Nevel: What is going on in research in this area? And what do you think will be the next big breakthrough? I know before we started the recording you had mentioned that there's a lot of things going on that are exciting. And so, I'm looking forward to hearing more. Dr Jayaraman: Of course. So, I'll be as quick as I can with this. But I mentioned that next-generation Exon skipping therapies, I think the hope is that they will be better at delivering the Exon skipping to the target tissue and cells and that they might be more efficacious. I'm also excited about next-generation gene therapies that might target muscle more specifically and hopefully reduce the off-target effects, or combination use of gene therapies with other immunosuppressive regimens to improve the safety profile and maybe someday allow redosing, which we cannot do currently. Or potentially targeting the satellite cells, which are the muscle stem cells, again, to improve the long term durability of these genetic therapies. Dr Nevel: That's great, thank you for sharing. Thank you so much for talking to me today about your article. I really enjoyed learning more about the dystrophinopathies. Today I've been interviewing Dr Divya Jayaraman about her article on the dystrophinopathies, which she wrote with Dr Partha Ghosh. This article appears in the October 2025 Continuum issue on muscle and neuromuscular junction disorders. Please be sure to check out the Continuum Audio episodes from this and other issues. Also, please read the Continuum articles for more details than what we were able to get to today during our discussion. Thank you, as always, so much to the listeners for joining us today, and thank you, Divya, for sharing all of your knowledge with us today. Dr Jayaraman: Thank you so much for having me on the podcast. Dr Monteith: This is Dr Teshamae Monteith, Associate Editor of Continuum Audio. If you've enjoyed this episode, you'll love the journal, which is full of in-depth and clinically relevant information important for neurology practitioners. Use the link in the episode notes to learn more and subscribe. AAN members, you can get CME for listening to this interview by completing the evaluation at continpub.com/audioCME. Thank you for listening to Continuum Audio.

Before you hand your child their first device, consider this: tech boundaries aren't rules, they're love in action. In today's Facing in the Dark, Wayne Stender and Dr. Kathy Koch unpack why shared expectations around phones and screens help kids feel secure, valued, and connected. Drawing from the American Academy of Pediatrics, Dr. Kathy explains how a family media plan, and a "we, not you" mindset, creates clarity, prevents conflict, and protects character. They explore co-authoring agreements with kids, resetting tech habits when things have slipped, and why thoughtful shifts don't harm a child's security, they strengthen it. This honest, grace-filled conversation centers on identity, belonging, and how families can create a tech culture rooted in peace, faith, and love. Find Dr. Kathy's Family Media Covenant developed with Techless Wireless here>> Considering a phone for your child? Check out Techless Wireless>>

Smartphones and tablets have become part of daily life for children and families, but their influence on sleep, attention, mood and overall development is increasingly under the microscope. From overstimulation and disrupted sleep patterns to rising concerns about anxiety and attention regulation, the research around screen time is rapidly evolving. In this episode, we take a closer look at the evidence behind how screens are shaping childhood and explore what pediatricians can do to help families find balance in an always-connected world. Rachel Workman, MD, is a Pediatric Integrative Medicine Specialist at Children's Hospital Colorado and an Assistant Professor of Pediatrics at the University of Colorado. Some highlights from this episode include:  The negative impacts of screen time at a young age  How parents can strategically intervene  Why screen time is impacting development  What the research tells us For more information on Children's Colorado, visit: childrenscolorado.org. 

Host: Dr. Susan Buttross, Professor of Pediatrics at the University of Mississippi Medical Center, and Abram NanneyTopic: The holiday season is here, and everywhere we look, there's a push for cheer, bright lights, and festive gatherings. But for many of us, the holidays will feel different this year. There's an empty chair at the table, a silence in the home, a loved one that's missing. Today we'll be talking about navigating the season while at the same time holding the weight of grief and missing a loved one who has left an empty place at the tableYou can join the conversation by sending an email to: family@mpbonline.org. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

About this episode: Since 2015, the American Academy of Pediatrics has recommended that parents and caregivers introduce peanuts to children's diets at around four to six months old to avoid the onset of a peanut allergy. In this episode: Pediatric allergist David Hill explains why early allergen introduction is safe and effective and how these recommendations have led to a significant reduction in peanut allergies in children. Guests: Dr. David Hill, PhD, is an allergist, immunologist, and an attending physician at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. He is also an assistant professor of pediatrics at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. Host: Stephanie Desmon, MA, is a former journalist, author, and the director of public relations and communications for the Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs. Show links and related content: Guidelines for Early Food Introduction and Patterns of Food Allergy—Pediatrics Peanut Allergies Have Plummeted in Children, Study Shows—New York Times Randomized Trial of Peanut Consumption in Infants at Risk for Peanut Allergy—New England Journal of Medicine Transcript information: Looking for episode transcripts? Open our podcast on the Apple Podcasts app (desktop or mobile) or the Spotify mobile app to access an auto-generated transcript of any episode. Closed captioning is also available for every episode on our YouTube channel. Contact us: Have a question about something you heard? Looking for a transcript? Want to suggest a topic or guest? Contact us via email or visit our website. Follow us: @‌PublicHealthPod on Bluesky @‌JohnsHopkinsSPH on Instagram @‌JohnsHopkinsSPH on Facebook @‌PublicHealthOnCall on YouTube Here's our RSS feed Note: These podcasts are a conversation between the participants, and do not represent the position of Johns Hopkins University.

Dr. Tommy Wood is a neuroscientist who has coached world class athletes in a dozen sports. He received his undergraduate degree in biochemistry from the University of Cambridge and his medical degree from the University of Oxford, and he also has his PhD in physiology and neuroscience. Tommy is currently a Research Assistant Professor of Pediatrics at the University of Washington, where his research interests include identifying modifiable factors that contribute to brain health and cognitive function across the lifespan and more.  Today on the show we discuss: The hidden daily habits that quietly accelerate cognitive decline, why metabolic health can determine how fast your brain ages, how to build a resilient mind through simple habits and skills, early signs that your brain health is declining too fast, how to shift your lifestyle to help prevent dementia, the things that move the needle most when it comes to keeping your mind sharp and much more. ⚠ WELLNESS DISCLAIMER ⚠ Please be advised; the topics related to mental health in my content are for informational, discussion, and entertainment purposes only. The content is not intended to be a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your mental health professional or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding your current condition. Never disregard professional advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have heard from your favorite creator, on social media, or shared within content you've consumed. If you are in crisis or you think you may have an emergency, call your doctor or 911 immediately. If you do not have a health professional who is able to assist you, use these resources to find help: Emergency Medical Services—911 If the situation is potentially life-threatening, get immediate emergency assistance by calling 911, available 24 hours a day. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline, 1-800-273-TALK (8255) or https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org.  SAMHSA addiction and mental health treatment Referral Helpline, 1-877-SAMHSA7 (1-877-726-4727) and https://www.samhsa.gov Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this Q&A episode, host Paul Wirkus, MD, FAAP and Shawn Mendenhall, MD address common clinical questions related to managing upper extremity spasticity in children. The conversation explores how to balance orthopedic readiness and bone maturity with developmental readiness and family goals - highlighting the importance of individualized timing and shared decision-making. They also discuss the collaborative relationship between general pediatricians and subspecialists, particularly when families live far from surgical centers and rely on their primary care provider to coordinate ongoing care. Listeners will gain practical insights into communication, expectation-setting, and supporting families throughout the treatment journey. Have a question? Email questions@vcurb.com.For more information about available credit, visit vCurb.com.ACCME Accreditation StatementThis activity has been planned and implemented in accordance with the accreditation requirements and policies of the Colorado Medical Society through the joint providership of Kansas Chapter, American Academy of Pediatrics and Utah Chapter, AAP.  Kansas Chapter, American Academy of Pediatrics is accredited by the Colorado Medical Society to provide continuing medical education for physicians. AMA Credit Designation StatementKansas Chapter, American Academy of Pediatrics designates this live activity for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Obesity is a chronic disease. So why are we still not treating it as such?Enter Dr. Fatima Cody Stanford, Associate Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics at Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital.Dr. Stanford is a global voice on obesity - redefining it as a chronic disease, not a personal failure.In taking us through the science behind it, Dr. Stanford guides us to the heart of several patient stories, highlighting the need for treating patients with dignity, improving access to care, and eliminating biases in global healthcare.——We spoke about genetic, environmental, and systemic factors that contribute to obesity, the efficacy of treatments like GLP-1 receptor agonists, real-life examples, the emotional and practical aspects of this chronic disease, and the need to involve healthcare professionals, government, and the community to tackle the global obesity epidemic.Follow me on Instagram and Facebook @ericfethkemd and checkout my website at www.EricFethkeMD.com. My brand new book, The Privilege of Caring, is out now on Amazon! https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0CP6H6QN4

This episode brings together three leaders working at the intersection of pediatric innovation, health security, and early-stage commercialization. Kolaleh Eskandanian, Program Director of SPARK, is joined by founders Dori Jones of AcQumen Medical and Jugal Suthar of Vesynta for a conversation about advancing breakthrough solutions for children. They discuss the mission behind the BARDA-funded SPARK for Innovations in Pediatrics Hub at Children's National Hospital, the challenges of developing technologies for pediatric populations, and the impact of public-private partnerships in moving lifesaving tools to market. Dori and Jugal share what their companies are building, the inflection points that shaped their journeys, and how BioHealth Innovation's Entrepreneur-in-Residence program supported their progress. The group reflects on lessons learned, the value of mentorship, and how collaborative accelerator ecosystems help drive breakthroughs in pediatric care, preparedness, and health equity.   Editing and post-production work for this episode was provided by The Podcast Consultant (https://thepodcastconsultant.com).   Dr. Kolaleh Eskandanian is a nationally recognized leader in pediatric health innovation with more than twenty years of experience across academia, government, and industry. She previously served as Vice President and Chief Innovation Officer at Children's National Hospital, where she founded Innovation Ventures and secured significant federal funding, patents, and licensed technologies. She now leads the BARDA-funded SPARK Accelerator Hub for Pediatrics and serves as Chief Strategy and Innovation Officer at Compremium AG, while also supporting early-stage innovators as an angel investor with Citrine Angels.   Dori Jones is the Co-Founder and CEO of AcQumen Medical, a medtech company developing UltraTrac, the first ultrasound-guided impedance technology designed for rapid assessment of hemodynamics in critically ill infants and children. She brings nearly two decades of experience across R&D, clinical education, and commercialization roles supporting cardiac and critical care devices at organizations ranging from early startups to Abbott and Medtronic. Her commitment to pediatric innovation is shaped in part by her experience as the mother of a NICU and PICU patient.   Dr. Jugal Suthar is the Co-Founder and CEO of Vesynta, a precision medicine company developing the DosoLogic platform, the first marketplace-enabled precision prescribing software aimed at improving accuracy and safety for every patient. His background includes clinical work as a hospital pharmacist and roles in drug development in the pharmaceutical industry. His PhD in precision medicine fuels his focus on bringing personalized dosing insights to populations often underrepresented in clinical research.

Send us a textBem-vindos ao episódio 67 de A Incubadora, o seu podcast quinzenal dedicado a democratizar o conhecimento em neonatologia e aproximar profissionais de saúde das melhores evidências científicas disponíveis. Aqui, discutimos de forma clara, crítica e contextualizada os avanços mais recentes da literatura, sempre com foco na prática clínica das UTIs neonatais brasileiras.No episódio de hoje, trazemos quatro artigos que dialogam com temas centrais da assistência ao recém-nascido de alto risco. Começamos explorando uma revisão de escopo publicada no Journal of Perinatology, que analisa o uso da ultrassonografia durante a reanimação neonatal — o NeoSONAR — e descreve como essa tecnologia pode transformar nossa abordagem nos primeiros minutos de vida. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41372-025-02458-zSeguimos com um estudo do Pediatric Research, que investiga o impacto do uso de leite humano doado no desenvolvimento estrutural do cérebro de prematuros muito pequenos, ampliando a discussão sobre nutrição, equidade e neuroproteção. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41390-025-04539-3No terceiro bloco, discutimos um artigo do Journal of Pediatrics que pergunta se é possível otimizar o rastreio da retinopatia da prematuridade através da combinação de escores de risco, reduzindo exames sem comprometer a segurança. https://www.jpeds.com/article/S0022-3476(25)00084-8/abstractE encerramos com uma publicação recente do Acta Paediatrica sobre estratégias para apoiar o contato pele a pele precoce em bebês nascidos entre 22 e 23 semanas — um tema que desafia paradigmas e reforça o potencial transformador do cuidado centrado na família, mesmo nos limites da viabilidade. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/apa.70255Fique com a gente para mais uma rodada de evidências atualizadas, interpretações cuidadosas e reflexões aplicadas ao nosso cotidiano nas UTIs neonatais. Não esqueça: você pode ter acesso aos artigos do nosso Journal Club no nosso site: https://www.the-incubator.org/podcast-1 Lembrando que o Podcast está no Instagram, @incubadora.podcast, onde a gente posta as figuras e tabelas de alguns artigos. Se estiver gostando do nosso Podcast, por favor dedique um pouquinho do seu tempo para deixar sua avaliação no seu aplicativo favorito e compartilhe com seus colegas. Isso é importante para a gente poder continuar produzindo os episódios. O nosso objetivo é democratizar a informação. Se quiser entrar em contato, nos mandar sugestões, comentários, críticas e elogios, manda um e-mail pra gente: incubadora@the-incubator.org

This week we review the topic of mitral annular disjunction ("MAD") and the possible association with ventricular arrhythmia or sudden death in the connective tissue disease patient. Is there a 'cut off' distance above which patients deserve more significant arrhythmia surveillance? What is the best way to measure the MAD distance? Can patients with low MAD distances have lower degrees or even no arrhythmic surveillance? How often should this distance be measured on CMR and can an echo measurement provide similar data? Dr. Daniel Castellanos, the first author of this work and Assistant Professor of Pediatrics at Harvard Medical School shares his deep insights this week.DOI: 10.1016/j.jocmr.2025.101954

Host: Jasmine T. Kency, M.D., Associate Professor of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics at the University of Mississippi Medical Center.Topic: High Blood PressureEmail the show: remedy@mpbonline.org. If you enjoy listening to this podcast, please consider contributing to MPB. https://donate.mpbfoundation.org/mspb/podcast. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Welcome to Episode 282 of Autism Parenting Secrets.Every parent wants transformation for their child. But it doesn't come from guesswork. Real change happens when the right support is identified and applied with precision.That's why I'm excited to welcome back Dr. Jerry Kartzinel. He last joined us in Episode 199, “Autism is Treatable.” Dr. Jerry is a trusted leader in functional medicine and pediatrics with decades of experience helping children on the spectrum.This conversation is about why doing less, but with focus, can work better than trying everything — and how targeted nutrition and supplements can bring results that may surprise you.If you've felt overwhelmed by too many options or stuck in trial-and-error, this conversation will bring clarity.The secret this week is…TARGETED Support Transforms You'll Discover:Why Less Can Be More With Targeted Support (7:49)How Parents Can Avoid Trial-And-Error Burnout (13:05)The First Steps Dr. Jerry Recommends For Families (19:36)Why Generic Protocols Rarely Deliver Transformation (25:15)A Story Of Transformation Through Precision Support (32:54)How Coaching Helps Parents Maximize Practitioner Guidance (39:04)About Our Guest:Dr. Jerry Kartzinel is a Board-Certified pediatrician and a Fellow in the American Academy of Pediatrics who specializes in the recovery of neurodevelopmental, chronic neuro-inflammatory diseases, and hormonal dysfunctions. He is the author of the best-selling book Healing and Preventing Autism (co-authored with Jenny McCarthy). Dr. Jerry has helped thousands of children on the autism spectrum through targeted, individualized medical care. https://drjerryk.com/https://www.mendingnaturally.com/References In This Episode:APS Episode 199 “Autism IS Treatable” w/ Dr. Jerry Kartzinel Additional Resources:To learn more about personalized 1:1 support, go to www.elevatehowyounavigate.comTake The Quiz: What's YOUR Top Autism Parenting Blindspot? If you enjoyed this episode, share it with your friends.

In this episode of Inspire to Lead, host Talia Mashiach sits down with Dr. Aimee Baron, founder and executive director of I Was Supposed to Have a Baby, for a deeply moving conversation about resilience, purpose, and building a nonprofit from personal experience. Aimee shares her journey from a lifelong dream of pediatrics, through the heartbreak of multiple second-trimester miscarriages, to finding new meaning by supporting others facing fertility challenges in the Jewish community. The discussion explores the realities of career pivots, the emotional toll of loss, and the power of vulnerability in leadership. Aimee opens up about the challenges of leaving medicine, the process of founding a nonprofit, and the importance of community, support, and being open to life's unexpected turns.  03:15 – Aimee 's Early Passion for Pediatrics and Medicine 06:45 – The Reality of Medical Training and Family Life 10:00 – Facing Repeated Loss and Leaving Medicine 18:00 – Speaking Out: Breaking the Silence on Fertility Challenges 22:00 – Volunteering and the Birth of a Nonprofit 28:00 – Building "I Was Supposed to Have a Baby" from the Ground Up 35:00 – Fundraising, Hiring, and Growing a Team 41:00 – Redefining Success: Support Over Outcomes 46:00 – Advice on Difficult Decisions and Listening to Your Gut 52:00 – The Power of Community and Giving Back 58:00 – Aimee 's Superpower and Final Reflections About Our Guest: Dr. Aimee Baron is a pediatrician, nonprofit founder, and advocate for those facing fertility challenges. After a successful medical career, Aimee 's personal experiences with loss inspired her to create I Was Supposed to Have a Baby, a platform dedicated to providing emotional support and resources to the Jewish community. Known for her empathy, candor, and commitment to making a difference, Aimee 's work has touched thousands and continues to foster connection,community, and hope.

Email the show at kids@mpbonline.orgHost: Dr. Morgan McLeod, Asst. Professor of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine at the University of Mississippi Medical Center.If you enjoyed listening to this podcast, please consider contributing to MPB: https://donate.mpbfoundation.org/mspb/podcast Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In this episode of Diabetes Day by Day, Drs. Neil Skolnik and Sara Wettergreen talk with Dr. Akturk about the potential health risks associated with cannabis use for people living with diabetes. Cannabis use can affect blood glucose management, heart health, and even how someone manages their medications.  Understanding the risks of cannabis use is an important part of managing diabetes safely. Staying informed and having open conversations with your health care team are the best ways to protect your health. Presented by: Neil Skolnik, MD, Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program, Abington Jefferson Health, Abington, PA Sara Wettergreen, PharmD, BCACP, BC-ADM, Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences; and Ambulatory Care Clinical Pharmacist, UCHealth Lone Tree Primary Care, Aurora, CO Halis Kaan Akturk, MD, Associate Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics, Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO Do you have questions or comments you'd like to share with Neil and Sara? Leave a message at (703) 755-7288. Thank you for listening, and don't forget to "follow" Diabetes Day by Day!

In the third episode of our upper extremity spasticity series, host Paul Wirkus, MD, FAAP and Shawn Mendenhall, MD focus on what success truly looks like - both in the short term and long term. Our guests discuss how to measure meaningful outcomes for children, from functional gains to improved comfort and participation in daily activities. We also look ahead to the future of spasticity care, exploring emerging approaches, evolving surgical techniques, and innovations that may improve assessment and treatment. Together, the conversation highlights the importance of individualized goals, interdisciplinary follow-through, and continuous reevaluation to ensure each child progresses toward their highest potential. Have a question? Email questions@vcurb.com. They will be answered next week.For more information about available credit, visit vCurb.com.ACCME Accreditation StatementThis activity has been planned and implemented in accordance with the accreditation requirements and policies of the Colorado Medical Society through the joint providership of Kansas Chapter, American Academy of Pediatrics and Utah Chapter, AAP.  Kansas Chapter, American Academy of Pediatrics is accredited by the Colorado Medical Society to provide continuing medical education for physicians. AMA Credit Designation StatementKansas Chapter, American Academy of Pediatrics designates this live activity for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

Dr. Joe Tafur and Natasha Pentin spoke with Canadian adult and pediatric neurologist Dr. Evan Cole Lewis to explore how epilepsy, trauma, and brain networks intertwine. We discuss pediatric epilepsy, cannabis for seizures, Functional Neurological Disorders (FND), and emerging psychedelic-assisted therapy treatments. Dr. Lewis talks about the differences between structural brain injury and brain “software” disruption, shining light on the world of trauma-based neurological symptoms. Dr. Lewis holds a clinical appointment as Adjunct Assistant Professor in the Department of Pediatrics at the Hospital for Sick Children and at the University of Toronto. Currently practicing at North Toronto Neurology and Homeward Therapy, Dr. Lewis focuses on epilepsy, brain injury, concussion and post-concussion symptoms, functional neurological disorders, and the therapeutic use of cannabis and psychedelics in these conditions.You can see more of Dr. Lewis's work here:  YouTube Website North Toronto Neurology Psychedelic Therapy (Homeward Therapy - coming soon). Newly published textbook for real-world medical cannabis prescribing, that Dr. Lewis conceived and edited with support of Medical Cannabis Clinicians Society. Designed for physicians, nurse practitioners, and healthcare educators. Case report mentioned (36:28)   For Dr. Joe Tafur's newsletter and Patreon: https://www.modernspirit.org/patreon Timestamps: (00:00) Introduction and Dr. Lewis's Background(01:57) WeCann Conference Meeting(04:16) Cannabis for Pediatric Epilepsy(05:47) Success Stories with Cannabis(9:30) Harm-Reduction Approach & Opening a Clinic(12:40) Medication for Different Types of Seizures (15:33) Psychedelics Treatment & Brain Networks(18:58) Functional Neurological Disorders (FND) & Non-Epileptic Seizures (22:19) The Brain's Structure vs Software (23:44) Diagnosing FND(29:19) Concussion and FND(33:55) Psychedelics and Brain Network Disruption(36:01) FND Also Rooted in Trauma Rather Than Physical Injury(39:44) Bridging Neurology and Psychology(45:08) Challenges and Risks of Psychedelic Treatments(54:54) Importance of Medical Education in Psychedelics(01:01:57) Future Projects and Research Initiatives

Send us a textIn the second installment of our Rethinking Phototherapy series, Ben and Daphna welcome Dr. Daniel Rauch, Professor of Pediatrics at the Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine and Division Chief of Pediatric Hospital Medicine and General Academic Pediatrics at Joseph Sanzari Children's Hospital. Dr. Rauch co-authored the AAP technical report on phototherapy and brings a unique perspective on how light therapy should be understood and applied in clinical practice.This conversation reframes phototherapy as a true pharmacotherapy—an intervention that must be delivered in precise doses with attention to wavelength, irradiance, body surface exposure, and treatment duration. Dr. Rauch explains why more light is not always better, how technology has evolved from “easy-bake oven” style lamps to modern LED systems, and why maximizing body surface exposure often matters more than piling on extra light banks. The discussion also touches on cycling strategies, the value and limitations of transcutaneous monitoring, and the potential of home phototherapy to reduce unnecessary hospitalizations while supporting family bonding.Listeners will gain practical insights into the art and science of phototherapy: how to optimize treatment, minimize harm, and communicate clearly with families navigating jaundice management.Support the showAs always, feel free to send us questions, comments, or suggestions to our email: nicupodcast@gmail.com. You can also contact the show through Instagram or Twitter, @nicupodcast. Or contact Ben and Daphna directly via their Twitter profiles: @drnicu and @doctordaphnamd. The papers discussed in today's episode are listed and timestamped on the webpage linked below. Enjoy!

Night terrors are dramatic but benign episodes that can leave caregivers frightened and confused. In this episode of PEM Currents: The Pediatric Emergency Medicine Podcast, we explore the clinical features of night terrors, how to differentiate them from other nocturnal events, and when to consider further evaluation such as polysomnography. We also discuss management strategies that center on sleep hygiene, reassurance, and safety, with a special look at the role of scheduled awakenings and when medication is appropriate. Learning Objectives By the end of this episode, listeners will be able to: Describe the typical clinical presentation and age range of children with night terrors. Differentiate night terrors from other parasomnias and nocturnal seizures based on clinical features and timing. Discuss non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic management strategies for night terrors, including when to consider polysomnography. References Petit D, Touchette E, Tremblay RE, et al. Dyssomnias and parasomnias in early childhood. Pediatrics. 2007;119(5):e1016-e1025. Morse AM, Kotagal S. Parasomnias of childhood, including sleepwalking. In: Chervin RD, ed. UpToDate. Hoppin AG, deputy ed. Waltham, MA. Accessed November 2025. Van Horn NL, Street M. Night Terrors. Updated May 29, 2023. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan–. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493222/ Transcript This transcript was provided via use of the Descript AI application Welcome to PEM Currents, The Pediatric Emergency Medicine Podcast. As always, I'm your host Brad Sobolewski. In this episode, we're talking about night terrors, also known as sleep terrors. A dramatic, confusing, and often terrifying experience for caregivers to witness. But they're usually benign and self-limited for the child. Kind of like a lot of the things in childhood actually, what are we gonna talk about? Well, what are night terrors? How do we diagnose them? How to differentiate them from seizures or other parasomnias key counseling for parents in the emergency department, when to refer for sleep studies or neurology evaluation, and what role, if any, medications play. So let's start with talking about what night terrors actually look like. They're part of a group of disorders called non REM parasomnias, which also includes sleepwalking and confusion arousals. They are not nightmares and they are not signs of psychological trauma. Children experiencing night terrors typically sit up suddenly during sleep, scream, cry or appear terrified. Show signs of autonomic arousal. So rapid breathing, tachycardia, sweating. They're confused or inconsolable for several minutes and they have absolutely no recollection of the event the next morning. These events usually occur in the first third of the night when children are in deep, slow wave sleep, so stage N three, and they can last five to 15 minutes, but trust me, they seem to last much longer to observers. Night terrors occur most commonly between ages three and seven with a peak around five years of age. They're rare before 18 months and unusual after age 12. Preschool aged children are most affected because they spend more time in deep, slow wave sleep. They have more fragmented sleep architecture, and they may not have fully developed arousal regulation mechanisms. Episodes can start as early as toddlerhood, especially if the child has a family history of parasomnias. So like sleep, walking night terrors or other things, sleep deprivation or stressful life events like starting daycare or a new sibling or a move, although less common, older children and even adolescents can experience night terrors, especially in the context of stress, sleep deprivation or comorbid sleep disorders like sleep apnea. Why do they happen? Well, they're usually due to incomplete arousal from deep sleep, so the brain is essentially stuck between sleep and wakefulness. Factors that increase the risk of frequency of night terrors include again, sleep deprivation, recent illness, stress, or anxiety. Sleep disordered breathing, or a family history of parasomnias, there's a real strong genetic component. Up to 80% of children with night terrors have a first degree relative with similar episodes. The diagnosis is entirely clinical and based on history. You should ask parents, what time of night did these episodes occur? Is the child confused, frightened, or hard to wake? Is there amnesia the next day so they don't remember the event? And are the movements variable or stereotyped? Sometimes parents will video record these, and that can really help us clarify the episodes when we're in the emergency department. You definitely do not need labs or imaging in a typical presentation. I think parents are often seeking an explanation for why their child looks so freaky. In my experience, just telling them that it's a night terror and that it's benign and providing reassurance on how healthy their kid is, is more than enough. Now, not all nighttime events are sleep terrors. You should consider neurology referral and video polysomnography or sleep studies with extended EEG when onset is very early, so younger than 18 months or late in childhood. So older than 12 or 13 episodes occur outside of the first third of the night. Again, find out when the kid went to bed. And do math. The first third of the night is the first 33% of their typical sleep time. The events are brief clustered or stereotyped. The movements are repetitive, focal or violent. If kid just moving just their right arm. That's not a night terror. Often the movements will look fearful and they'll be sort of disorganized. Rhythmic movements don't typically happen in night terrors, and there's a recent injury. The child has excessive daytime sleepiness, or there's some developmental regression or abnormality. All those are red flags. Differentiating from nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy can be tricky. Nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy events are usually short. Highly stereotyped. They have abrupt onset and offset, and they may include dystonic or tonic posturing. So if the family has a video of this, that can be really helpful using a good clinical history. Video recordings in EEG generally distinguish night terrors from these forms of epilepsy. But let's be honest, most of the kids you see in the ED with a typical presentation of night terrors are just night terrors. These events are really scary and we are gonna see them in the emergency departments, and so your first goal is to just reassure the family. The events are not harmful. The kid isn't aware that they had them, and the child suffers no ongoing psychological harm. That doesn't mean that the parent isn't freaked out or that nervousness doesn't linger. You wanna avoid sleep deprivation If possible, counsel families on age appropriate bedtimes and naps. Stick to a routine consistent bedtime routines. Reduce sleep fragmentation, which is a known risk factor for children with frequent or predictable night terrors. Try waking them 15 to 30 minutes before the usual episode happens. So I've seen lots of kids with frequent night terrors, and they usually happen around the same time at night. And you wanna do this, this 15 to 30 minute awakening before the usual episodes each night for about two to four weeks. That's labor intensive as a parent, but it can help these awakenings interrupt the sleep cycle and break the pattern. Keep kids safe. Use baby gates, door alarms. Make sure windows are locked, don't put younger kids in bunk beds and remove sharp obstacles or objects near the bed. So if they've got a pointy ended nightstand, oh, that's just something for the kid to fall into or smack against. Do we ever use medications for night terrors? Well, almost never. You know, pharmacologic therapy such as low dose benzodiazepines or tricyclic antidepressants is really only reserved for severe episodes. Kids with substantial risk for injury or disruption of the family life or school in a substantial way. I'm not gonna make that call in the emergency department. And these are sleep specialist referral guided therapies. You also wanna consider evaluating children for comorbid sleep disorders, especially in recurrent night terrors, like obstructive sleep apnea, restless leg syndrome. This may worsen the parasomnias. For kids in which you're unsure, polysomnography can be used. This is an overnight sleep study that monitors brainwaves via EEG, eye movements, muscle activity, heart rhythm, breathing effort, and airflow and oxygen saturation. But it's also done in a hospital and not during the kid's usual sleep routine. So most children that have night terrors, if you get the right history, you can make the diagnosis clinically and the kids don't need any expensive or expanded testing to get to the bottom of things. Alright, take home points for this brief episode. Night terrors are common, especially in preschool aged children. They occur in non REM sleep in the first third of the night. The episodes are very dramatic, but they're benign and children don't remember them. But trust me, parents do. The diagnosis is clinical. No labs or imaging are needed unless there's atypical features. You should reassure families, promote sleep hygiene and use scheduled awakenings for frequent and recurrent cases, and refer for sleep studies and or neurology of episodes or violent stereotyped, or suggest nocturnal seizures. Thanks for listening to this episode. I hope you found it educational about a topic that you will encounter in the emergency department. As with many things in children that are scary, there's a benign explanation and parents are just looking to know that their kid's gonna be okay. Often doing a thorough history in physical and really listening to the parents' concerns and then providing useful information is all you gotta do. That's why pediatrics is great. If you've got feedback on this episode or there's other common topics you'd like to hear about, send them my way. If you enjoyed this episode and think that other people should listen to it, share it with them. More listeners means more learners. And if you have a chance, leave a review or like the podcast on your favorite podcast site for PEM Currents, the Pediatric Emergency Medicine Podcast. This has been Brad Sobolewski. See you next time.  

This podcast is sponsored by Children's Mercy. Every 8 minutes, one American life is lost to fentanyl. In 2021, fentanyl was responsible for 77% of drug-induced deaths for ages 14-18. Kansas City is not immune to this growing problem. Today we are talking with Jenny Ecord, who tells the story of her nephew, Cooper, who lost his life to fentanyl poisoning at 16. Her family has made it their mission to spread awareness and education about fentanyl in his honor. We also hear from Dr. Michelle DePhillips, a pediatric emergency medicine physician at Children's Mercy. She discusses what she sees in the ER in Kansas City, why fentanyl is dangerous for teens, and how we can prevent future tragedies. In our conversation we cover: How prominent fentanyl issues are in the KC metro What does fentanyl does to the body. Common ages for fentanyl related emergencies. How these drugs get in the hands of teens. How one family turned a tragedy into a prevention program for teens. How parents can have important conversations about drugs with their kids. Jenny Ecord, RN, APRN-C is a wife, mother, sister, aunt and daughter. She is also a pediatric nurse practitioner at Children's Mercy and has been a strong advocate for children her entire career. Her story of fentanyl is a very personal family tragedy. She is the aunt of a young teenager, Cooper, who lost his life to a fentanyl poisoning in August 2021. Cooper was 16 years old when he died. Jenny and her family have made it their mission to spread awareness and education about fentanyl in Coop's honor. They do not want any other family to suffer a devastating loss like theirs has. A foundation has been created for this cause along with a strong social media presence. Jenny and her sister-in-law, Cooper's mother, have talked in schools, at parent meetings, neighborhood gatherings, churches to share their message. They have met with many political and law enforcement officials and are working closely with these organizations. Michelle DePhillips, MD, is a pediatric emergency medicine physician and pediatric emergency medicine resident rotation director at Children's Mercy. She is also an Assistant Professor of Pediatrics at University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine and a Clinical Assistance Professor of Pediatrics at University of Kansas School of Medicine. Dr. DePhillips attended medical school at Creighton University School of Medicine before competing residency and fellowship at Children's Mercy. In addition to emergency medicine and teaching residents, her interests also include appropriate opioid prescribing and global health.   Connect with Megan and Sarah We would love to hear from you! Send us an e-mail or find us on Instagram or Facebook!        

Send us a textIn this episode of The Incubator Podcast, Ben and Daphna sit down with Dr. Alex Kemper, Division Chief of Primary Care Pediatrics at Nationwide Children's Hospital and Editor-in-Chief of Pediatrics. Dr. Kemper served as chair of the American Academy of Pediatrics subcommittee that authored the 2022 revision of the neonatal hyperbilirubinemia guidelines.Together, they explore the motivations behind revisiting the 2004 guideline, the major changes introduced, and how these revisions are shaping clinical care. Dr. Kemper explains why treatment thresholds for phototherapy were raised, the careful balance between avoiding unnecessary interventions and preventing kernicterus, and the rationale for moving away from the risk stratification nomogram. The discussion highlights phototherapy as an effective but not benign therapy—one that can disrupt bonding, prolong hospitalization, and create family stress when overused.Listeners will gain insight into the complexities of evidence review, the challenges of consensus-building over eight years of work, and the importance of shared decision-making and reliable follow-up after discharge. This conversation not only demystifies the new guidelines but also reframes the way clinicians think about jaundice management, risk stratification, and the broader impact on families.Support the showAs always, feel free to send us questions, comments, or suggestions to our email: nicupodcast@gmail.com. You can also contact the show through Instagram or Twitter, @nicupodcast. Or contact Ben and Daphna directly via their Twitter profiles: @drnicu and @doctordaphnamd. The papers discussed in today's episode are listed and timestamped on the webpage linked below. Enjoy!

Today's conversation takes us upstream—to the source—of one of the most pressing and emotionally charged topics in modern pediatrics: the rise in autism spectrum disorders. Autism rates have continued to climb in 2025, but what if much of what we call “the epidemic” isn't simply genetics or better diagnosis, but a reflection of deeper biological, environmental, and developmental changes affecting the human organism before birth? To explore this critical question, I'm joined by three extraordinary clinicians who have dedicated their lives to understanding the roots of children's health and disease. Dr. Sandy Newmark, Clinical Professor of Pediatrics at the Osher Center for Integrative Medicine at UCSF, has spent the past two decades at the intersection of conventional and integrative medicine—focusing specifically on children with autism and ADHD. His approach blends deep compassion with scientific rigor, examining how nutrition, toxins, inflammation, and the microbiome shape the developing brain. Dr. Elisa Song, Stanford-, NYU-, and UCSF-trained integrative pediatrician and author of Healthy Kids, Happy Kids, is one of the leading global voices in pediatric functional medicine. As founder and Chief Medical Officer of Healthy Kids Happy Kids and Tiny Health, she's pioneering microbiome-centered strategies to reverse chronic disease in children and reshape how we think about wellness from the inside out. Dr. Leslie Stone, family physician, obstetrician, and co-founder of GrowBabyHealth.com, brings a lifetime of experience delivering and caring for over 5,000 babies. Her groundbreaking work in the science of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease—the DOHaD model—shows how what happens before and during pregnancy programs a child's long-term health, resilience, and risk for conditions like autism. Together, we'll discuss the emerging evidence that the autism epidemic is not a mystery of genetics alone, but a story written in inflammation, metabolic disruption, environmental exposures, and the developmental stressors of modern life. We'll explore how integrative and functional medicine are reframing prevention—not just treatment—and what it will take to truly turn the tide for the next generation. This is a conversation about hope, science, and the possibility of rewriting the future—one mother, one child, and one generation at a time.

This week we review a recent retrospective review from Phoenix Children's Hospital about coronary artery fistulae. How common are they and who needed intervention? How should the cardiologist think about the small fistula? Should they all be ‘followed' or can they be discharged from cardiology follow-up? How small is ‘small enough'? We speak with Dr. Marie Chevenon who is a fetal cardiologist at Phoenix Children's Hospital about her recent study on the Phoenix experience with coronary artery fistulae.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-024-03600-y

My conversation with Aaron starts at about 24 minutes after headlines and clips Subscribe and Watch Interviews LIVE : On YOUTUBE.com/StandUpWithPete ON SubstackStandUpWithPete Stand Up is a daily podcast. I book,host,edit, post and promote new episodes with brilliant guests every day. This show is Ad free and fully supported by listeners like you! Please subscribe now for as little as 5$ and gain access to a community of over 750 awesome, curious, kind, funny, brilliant, generous soul Dr. Aaron E. Carroll is President & CEO of AcademyHealth. A nationally recognized thought leader, science communicator, pediatrician, and health services researcher, he is a passionate advocate for the creation and use of evidence to improve health and health care for all.  Before joining AcademyHealth, Dr. Carroll was a Distinguished Professor of Pediatrics and Chief Health Officer at Indiana University, where he also served as Associate Dean for Research Mentoring and the director of the Center for Pediatric and Adolescent Comparative Effectiveness Research at Indiana University School of Medicine. He earned a B.A. in chemistry from Amherst College, an MD from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, and an M.S. in health services from the University of Washington School of Public Health, where he was also a Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholar. Dr. Carroll's research focused on the study of information technology to improve pediatric care, decision analysis, and areas of health policy including cost-effectiveness of care and health care financing reform. He is the author of The Bad Food Bible and the co-author of three additional books on medical myths. In addition to having been a regular contributor to The New York Times and The Atlantic, he has written for many other major media outlets and is co-Editor-in-Chief at The Incidental Economist, an evidence-based health policy blog. He also has a popular YouTube channel and podcast called Healthcare Triage, where he talks about health research and health policy. Join us Thursday's at 8EST for our Weekly Happy Hour Hangout!  Subscribe and Watch Interviews LIVE    On YOUTUBE.com/StandUpWithPete ON SubstackStandUpWithPete   Pete on Blue Sky Pete on Threads Pete on Tik Tok Pete on YouTube  Pete on Twitter Pete On Instagram Pete Personal FB page Stand Up with Pete FB page Gift a Subscription https://www.patreon.com/PeteDominick/gift Send Pete $ Directly on Venmo All things Jon Carroll  Buy Ava's Art 

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are complex sugars that pass undigested to your baby's colon, where they feed beneficial bacteria, strengthen defenses, and support healthy brain and immune development A systematic review and meta-analysis in Frontiers in Pediatrics found that breast milk continues supplying substantial amounts of HMOs beyond 12 months, supporting gut health and brain development into toddlerhood Certain HMOs, such as 3-fucosyllactose, even increase over time. This shows that the balance of individual sugars shifts across lactation and continues shaping your child's development after infancy Breast milk also contains myo-inositol, a sugar shown to boost synapse formation and neuronal connectivity, highlighting how breast milk delivers brain-supportive compounds beyond traditional nutrients To keep your breast milk as nourishing as possible for your baby, prioritize whole foods, minimize unnecessary medications, and reduce toxin exposure. If breastfeeding isn't possible, screened donor milk is the next best option

Milk has long been sold as the key to strong bones, but research challenges that claim: many people don't tolerate dairy, calcium needs are lower than advertised, and higher milk intake doesn't necessarily prevent fractures. Politics and industry marketing helped set “three glasses a day,” even though healthy bones depend more on overall diet and lifestyle—things like vitamin D, movement, and avoiding soda, excess sugar, and stress that drive calcium loss. Dairy may be helpful for some diets, but it can also trigger bloating, acne, congestion, or digestive issues. The good news is that strong bones and good nutrition are still very doable without cow's milk—think leafy greens, sardines, almonds, chia, and sunshine for vitamin D. In this episode, I discuss, along with Dr. David Ludwig and Dr. Elizabeth Boham why bone health depends more on diet, lifestyle, and nutrient balance than on dairy. David S. Ludwig, MD, PhD, is an endocrinologist and researcher at Boston Children's Hospital, Professor of Pediatrics at Harvard Medical School, and Professor of Nutrition at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. He co-directs the New Balance Foundation Obesity Prevention Center and founded the Optimal Weight for Life (OWL) program, one of the nation's largest clinics for children with obesity. For over 25 years, Dr. Ludwig has studied how diet composition affects metabolism, body weight, and chronic disease risk, focusing on low glycemic index, low-carbohydrate, and ketogenic diets. Called an “obesity warrior” by Time Magazine, he has championed policy changes to improve the food environment. A Principal Investigator on numerous NIH and philanthropic grants, Dr. Ludwig has published over 200 scientific articles and three books for the public, including the #1 New York Times bestseller Always, Hungry? Dr. Elizabeth Boham is Board Certified in Family Medicine from Albany Medical School, and she is an Institute for Functional Medicine Certified Practitioner and the Medical Director of The UltraWellness Center. Dr. Boham lectures on a variety of topics, including Women's Health and Breast Cancer Prevention, insulin resistance, heart health, weight control and allergies. She is on the faculty for the Institute for Functional Medicine. This episode is brought to you by BIOptimizers. Head to bioptimizers.com/hyman and use code HYMAN to save 15%. Full-length episodes can be found here:Why Most Everything We Were Told About Dairy Is Wrong Is It Okay To Eat Cheese And What Types Of Dairy Should You Avoid? Is Lactose Intolerance Causing Your Gut Issues?