Podcasts about Ockham

In this week's episode, brought to you in partnership with Practice Index, we welcome back Robyn Clark and introduce new guest Tracey Clarke to discuss the vital role of reception teams in general practice. They explore efforts to better support these teams, including the launch of a new campaign video, and highlight the importance of safeguarding staff wellbeing. The episode calls for action against patient aggression, the need to stand up for colleagues, and greater recognition of the crucial part receptionists play in patient care. It also touches on training opportunities, such as e-learning and masterclasses, to help reception staff thrive and innovate. Useful resources, including Zero Tolerance policies, Dealing with Abusive Patients policies, and more, can be found in the Practice Index Hub. Introduction (00:08)  What has IGPM been up to? (00:51) Influencing the 10 year plan.. (03:30) The new campaign (05:32)  80% of receptionists suffer abuse every day.. (08:49)  Where should the support come from? (11:18)  Zero tolerance (14:53)  How has the receptionist role changed? (16:36) Response to the new campaign (19:48)  How do practices get involved? (23:15)  Visit the Practice Index hub here. View Practice Index's bespoke, engaging courses here. Access the ‘Receptionists in General Practice Masterclass' here, or the ‘Learning Package' here. To visit the Practice Index website, click here or contact James Dillon here. For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.

We're celebrating the LGBTQ+ Celtic musicians this Pride Month today on the Irish & Celtic Music Podcast #712 . Subscribe now! Malin Lewis, The Homespun Ceilidh Band, Bua, Callanish, Dancing With Hobbits, Ermagerd the Bard, Alexander James Adams, Seumas Gagne, Melanie Gruben, Ockham's Razor GET CELTIC MUSIC NEWS IN YOUR INBOX The Celtic Music Magazine is a quick and easy way to plug yourself into more great Celtic culture. Enjoy seven weekly news items for Celtic music and culture online. Subscribe now and get 34 Celtic MP3s for Free. VOTE IN THE CELTIC TOP 20 FOR 2025 This is our way of finding the best songs and artists each year. You can vote for as many songs and tunes that inspire you in each episode. Your vote helps me create this year's Best Celtic music of 2025 episode. You have just three weeks to vote this year. Vote Now! You can follow our playlist on YouTube to listen to those top voted tracks as they are added every 2 - 3 weeks. THIS WEEK IN CELTIC MUSIC 0:11 - The Homespun Ceilidh Band "De'il In The Kitchen / The Drunken Piper" from Home With The Homespun Ceilidh Band Daphne Eftychia Arthur (pronounciation eff - ti - HEE - ah) T and L 3:19 - WELCOME 5:26 - Bua "John Joe Hartnett's / Spellan the Fiddler" from Down the Green Fields Brian Ó hAirt: vocals, sean - nós dance, concertina 9:29 - Callanish "The Wind that Shakes the Barley" from Callanish John Adams: Fiddler 12:58 - Dancing With Hobbits "Hobbit Hornpipe" from Dancing With Hobbits Sam Gillogly: Fiddle 15:22 - THANKS 17:44 - INTREVIEW: INTRODUCTION 23:43 - Malin Lewis "Hiraeth" from Halocline 27:59 - INTERVIEW: INSPIRATIONS 35:15 - Malin Lewis "Trans" from Halocline 38:20 - INTERVIEW: RAPID FIRE QUESTIONS 45:08 - Malin Lewis "The Old Inn" from Halocline 48:52 - FEEDBACK 52:55 - Ermagerd the Bard “I Walk Among You” from single 55:31 - Alexander James Adams "Your Coming Spring" from The Blue Rose Rare and Other Faerie Tales 1:01:16 - Seumas Gagne "Tir Nan Og" from Baile Ard 1:06:32 - Melanie Gruben "Water Charges Song" from Like a Tide Upon the Land 1:11:30 - CLOSING 1:12:37 - Ockham's Razor "I'm Coming Home Northumberland (2024)” from Garnet Pride Month with Celtic Music #463 1:18:36 - CREDITS The Irish & Celtic Music Podcast was produced by Marc Gunn, The Celtfather and our Patrons on Patreon. The show was edited by Mitchell Petersen with Graphics by Miranda Nelson Designs. Visit our website to follow the show. You'll find links to all of the artists played in this episode. Todd Wiley is the editor of the Celtic Music Magazine. Subscribe to get 34 Celtic MP3s for Free. Plus, you'll get 7 weekly news items about what's happening with Celtic music and culture online. Best of all, you will connect with your Celtic heritage. Please tell one friend about this podcast. Word of mouth is the absolute best way to support any creative endeavor.

Saint Francis was born into a world in a panic. The stabilities of the feudal world had collapsed with the rise of mercantilism. The gap between rich and poor was unsustainable and a new underclass was tearing apart the fabric of society. Then, there were the looming presence of the Mongols to the east and the transformative impact of the Islamic empire to the south - both conquerors plunging Christian Europe into an existential crisis.Doomster prophets, ferocious disputes, wild hopes and messianic saviours were commonplace.So what did the man from Assisi constellate in the extremities of his way of life? Who was this figure, beyond the sentimental portrayal that can so easily eclipse his intense radicalism? This talk explores the discoveries made by his followers - the scientia experimentalist of Roger Bacon, William of Ockham and Duns Scotus whose Franciscanism embraced Aristotelianism. It asks how the contraries embraced by Francis and the impossible path he traced might much matter now.For more on Mark see - www.markvernon.comHis new book is Awake! William Blake and the Power of the Imagination

With Pride Month just around the corner, join us for an insightful discussion with Alex Matheson, Director of Inclusion at the LGBT Foundation, as we explore the vital work being done to improve healthcare for LGBTQ+ communities. Alex shares their expertise on the comprehensive services offered by the foundation, including talking therapies, addiction recovery, and mental health support. Discover the origins and impact of the Pride in Practice program, a key initiative addressing health inequalities and barriers faced by LGBTQ+ individuals in accessing healthcare. Alex highlights the importance of understanding the unique needs of LGBTQ+ people and how systemic gaps in education contribute to misinformation and delayed healthcare access, ultimately affecting treatment outcomes. This conversation is an invitation to healthcare practices to engage with these initiatives and work towards more equitable healthcare for all. Introduction (00:09)  Funding.. (01:28) Are your services national? (02:02)  Pride in Practice (02:20)  Barriers the community experience (03:43)  General practice has become an important role.. (07:29)  Are staff also experiencing challenges? (08:55) Do figures break down to General Practice? (10:38) More about Pride in Practice.. (11:38) Common changes (15:06)  Monitoring the impact.. (17:45)  Which practices need ‘Pride in Practice' (20:15)  How to get involved/Getting in touch.. (22:30)  Visit the LGBT Foundation website here, or contact Alex directly via email here. For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.

Wellingtonian Damien Wilkins took out the main fiction prize at Wednesday night's Ockham Book Awards. Wilkins spoke to Corin Dann.

It is the biggest night in New Zealand literature -- the 2025 Ockham New Zealand Book Awards. We will be crossing live to the winner of the General Non-fiction category.

This episode features Dr Rachel Morris discussing the impact of stress and burnout on GP partners and PCN Clinical Directors, with a focus on how maintaining job control can help reduce pressure. It also introduces a communication model rooted in empathy, curiosity, and the principle of "highest intent," offering strategies for improving workplace relationships. The importance of trust-building and direct, face-to-face communication is explored as a way to bridge gaps between practices and strengthen collaboration, drawing on Stephen Covey's principles to turn misunderstanding into teamwork. Join us as we explore how fostering these personal connections can help overcome common challenges, transforming tension into teamwork. Introduction (00:09)  The stress that leaders are facing.. (00:37) What can we control? (01:38)  Controlling leaders (03:28)  Avoiding difficult conversations (05:29) Advice for having difficult conversations (07:28) When is a problem too large to tackle? (18:34) Listening & understanding (21:45) Maintaining relationships within PCNs (24:42)  How & where to hear more from Rachel (28:26)  The Lead Generator for HiFIVE model handout can be found here. To attend ‘Work Well Live: Prevent Burnout, Boost Retention and Protect Your Time and Energy - A New Approach' click here. The replay of ‘FrogFest Virtual 2024 - This Time it's Awkward Recording' can be found here. Website - https://youarenotafrog.com/ Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/drrachelmorris/ LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/in/dr-rachel-morris/ Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/DrRachelMorris YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/@youarenotafrog Our FREE Am I Stressed, Overwhelmed or Burnt Out Toolkit -  https://www.shapestoolkit.com/stressed-overwhelmed-burnout-toolkit For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.

Let's be friends on the Irish & Celtic Music Podcast #708 . Subscribe now! Hounds of Finn, Open The Door For Three, Wolf Loescher, Duncan Mclauchlan, Don Gabbert, Golden Bough, Amelia Hogan, The Drowsy Lads, Spirited Lads, Ockham's Razor, Highlander Celtic Rock Band Australia, Barleyjuice, Ceann GET CELTIC MUSIC NEWS IN YOUR INBOX The Celtic Music Magazine is a quick and easy way to plug yourself into more great Celtic culture. Enjoy seven weekly news items for Celtic music and culture online. Subscribe now and get 34 Celtic MP3s for Free. VOTE IN THE CELTIC TOP 20 FOR 2025 This is our way of finding the best songs and artists each year. You can vote for as many songs and tunes that inspire you in each episode. Your vote helps me create this year's Best Celtic music of 2025 episode. You have just three weeks to vote this year. Vote Now! You can follow our playlist on YouTube to listen to those top voted tracks as they are added every 2 - 3 weeks. THIS WEEK IN CELTIC MUSIC 0:06 - Hounds of Finn "The Fairview Gypsy Reel" from Gravity Pulls 5:45 - WELCOME 8:17 - Open The Door For Three "Fineen the Rover" from A Prosperous Gale 12:39 - Wolf Loescher "Rovin' Journeyman" from Child of Alba 14:00 - Duncan Mclauchlan "The bluebell polka" from single 17:12 - Don Gabbert "Tejas Go Bragh (The Song)" from Alone On The Porch 23:01 - FEEDBACK 26:06 - Golden Bough "The Hills of Tyrol" from Westering Home 29:31 - Amelia Hogan "Haunted Hunter" from Burnished 35:21 - The Drowsy Lads "The Evening Reels (Feat. Tom Boyer)_The Drowsy Lads_Time Flies" from Time Flies 39:36 - Spirited Lads "Isn't it Grand" from Spirited Lads 42:55 - THANKS 44:33 - Ockham's Razor "Ten Thousand Miles to Bedlam" from Garnet 51:18 - Highlander Celtic Rock Band Australia "Hayward's Hound" from North of the Wall 53:26 - Barleyjuice "Weekend Irish" from A Night At The Pub 56:58 - CLOSING 58:13 - Ceann "Green Badge Of Shame” from Making Friends 1:01:57 - CREDITS The Irish & Celtic Music Podcast was produced by Marc Gunn, The Celtfather and our Patrons on Patreon. The show was edited by Mitchell Petersen with Graphics by Miranda Nelson Designs. Visit our website to follow the show. You'll find links to all of the artists played in this episode. Todd Wiley is the editor of the Celtic Music Magazine. Subscribe to get 34 Celtic MP3s for Free. Plus, you'll get 7 weekly news items about what's happening with Celtic music and culture online. Best of all, you will connect with your Celtic heritage. Please tell one friend about this podcast. Word of mouth is the absolute best way to support any creative endeavor. Climate change is real, and we can fix it. Cutting waste, saving energy, and pushing for clean power all make a difference. Not convinced? What if you're wrong? A cleaner, safer world benefits everyone. Talk to someone today—our children are counting on you! Promote Celtic culture through music at http://celticmusicpodcast.com/. WELCOME THE IRISH & CELTIC MUSIC PODCAST * Helping you celebrate Celtic culture through music. I am Marc Gunn. I'm a Celtic musician and also host of Folk Songs & Stories. This podcast is for fans of Celtic music. We are here to build a diverse Celtic community and help the incredible artists who so generously share their music with you. If you hear music you love, please email artists to let them know you heard them on the Irish and Celtic Music Podcast. Musicians depend on your generosity to release new music. So please find a way to support them. Buy a CD, Album Pin, Shirt, Digital Download, or join their community on Patreon. You can find a link to all of the artists in the shownotes, along with show times, when you visit our website at celticmusicpodcast.com. Email follow@bestcelticmusic to learn how to subscribe to the podcast and you will get a free music - only episode. You'll also learn how to get your band played on the podcast. Bands don't need to send in music, and You will get a free eBook called Celtic Musicians Guide to Digital Music. It's 100% free. Again email follow@bestcelticmusic WHAT IS AN ALBUM PIN? An album pin is a lapel pin with artwork inspired by a specific album or song from an album. It could be the actual album artwork or it could be inspired by a specific track on the album. The best album pins stand out on their own. They appeal to more than just your fans. It is simple, bold, and visually engaging. However, what truly makes it an “album pin” is that the purchaser also gets a digital album with their pin. I have an entire blog on my website with details including templates for you to make your own album pin jacket. THANK YOU PATRONS OF THE PODCAST! You Make the Music Happen! I'm in awe of your generosity. You're the heartbeat of this podcast—the reason I bring you fresh Celtic tunes every week. Your kindness fuels everything. It covers our brilliant engineer, our talented designer, and the Celtic Music Magazineeditor. It spreads this music far and wide. It even lets me buy the music you love and gives me the time to craft each episode just for you. And as a patron, you're more than a supporter—you're part of the music! You get exclusive, ad - free episodes, free downloads, and the power to shape the Celtic Top 20. All this for as little as $4 a month—less than a pint of Guinness, yet enough to keep the music alive and thriving. Join us today. Let's make this music last forever. A special thanks to our new and continued Patrons of the Podcast: Allie Stockton, Barbara, Adler, Patrick Jones, and Tom HERE IS YOUR THREE STEP PLAN TO SUPPORT THE PODCAST Go to our Patreon page. Decide how much you want to pledge every month, $4, $12, $25. Keep listening to the Irish & Celtic Music Podcast to celebrate Celtic culture through music. You can become a generous Patron of the Podcast on Patreon at SongHenge.com. TRAVEL WITH CELTIC INVASION VACATIONS Every year, I take a small group of Celtic music fans on the relaxing adventure of a lifetime. We don't see everything. Instead, we stay in one area. We get to know the region through its culture, history, and legends. You can join us with an auditory and visual adventure through podcasts and videos. In 2026, we're traveling to the Celtic nation of Galicia in Spain. We'll dive deep into the history and legends of the Galician Celts, uncovering their connections to Ireland, Scotland, and beyond. We'll walk the same lands where Celtic warriors once roamed, hear the myths passed down through generations, and experience the magic of authentic Galician Celtic music, alive with passion and history. This isn't just a trip—it's a journey into the heart of a Celtic culture unlike any other. Will you join us? Learn more about the invasion at http://celticinvasion.com/ #celticmusic #irishmusic #celticmusicpodcast I WANT YOUR FEEDBACK What are you doing today while listening to the podcast? I'd love to see a  picture of what you're doing while listening. Is there a new Celtic CD or Celtic band that you heard of or saw? Send a picture. Email me at follow@bestcelticmusic. Mark Adamczyk emailed from Akron, Ohio: "Mark, Just wanted to reach out to you about the Irish and Celtic Music Podcast.  I found you on Sirius XM last year (March 2024) while recovering from back surgery (herniated a disc last February.  220 V down the left leg  -  that was a TON of fun!!)  Hearing you mention recovering from hip replacement surgery the other week made me feel a certain kinship with you around the podcast.  About 3 weeks after surgery, my wife and I received an invitation to travel to Ireland with our kid's high school band for them to play in the Dublin St Patrick's Day parade.  (Our kids have graduated but I still cover the sports as team physician!)  Having made enough of a recovery to do the walking needed, we made the trip and had an absolute BLAST touring Southern Ireland (Dublin, Kilkenny, Blarney, Killarney [my favorite!!], Ring of Kerry, Cliffs of Mohr). When I got back to the States, I started looking around for ways to listen to Celtic music as we thoroughly enjoyed listening to it while on vacation.  I then found your podcast and have been listening somewhat regularly since.  (Summertime tends toward country music for me.  But when the weather gets colder, especially after the holidays, I find myself looking for you again!  I also catch up a bit sitting outside on a weekend morning on our back patio at other times when I get the chance!) We also got a new dog soon after coming home and named him Guinness in honor of the trip!  (We also thought he reminded us a bit of a pint of the brew with his white accents!  Check out his collar!)  When I take him on his daily walks, you are a regular on our playlist!  Me walking my Irish dog and listening to the I&CMP while recovering from back surgery  -  beautiful!!! Thanks for helping with my recovery!  Hope you are doing well with yours and look forward to continuing to listen more over time.  I attached a few pics for you too  -  some from Ireland in places which I'm sure you will recognize and one of Guinness and I on our latest walk today!! Slainte!!!”

In this week's episode, brought to you in partnership with Practice Index, we welcome back Claire Houston and Ceri Chaplin to explore the major changes to the Quality and Outcomes Framework for the 2025/26 contract, and what they mean for general practice. The episode dives into the removal of income protected indicators and the Quality Improvement domain, marking a shift back to an outcomes driven framework. This change could bring increased financial pressure, making strategic budgeting and achievement planning more important than ever. Beyond QOF, they also discuss the wider challenge of promoting preventative care, with a focus on childhood immunisation targets and cardiovascular disease management. With public trust in vaccinations still recovering post-pandemic, practices will need to innovate to meet targets and boost patient engagement. Tune in for a practical and insightful look at how these updates could reshape the future of general practice. Introduction (00:08)  The main changes to QOF (00:36) Stepping back.. (01:49)  Reducing the admin for practices (02:20) Budgeting.. (03:10)  The risk for practices (04:30)  Are the targets achievable? (06:58)  Advice to practices (09:28)  Do PCNs have a role in this? (12:45)  Retirement of the quality improvement domain (17:28) The future for QOF (20:41)  A more local focus.. (22:33)  Where to find support.. (25:03)  Book your QOF achievement session below; QOF Changes 2025/26 (Tuesday 13th May) QOF Changes 2025/26 (Tuesday 20th May) To visit the Practice Index website, click here or contact James Dillon here. For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.

In this episode we welcome back Pete Woodward, from Cheadle Medical Practice. Over the past year, Pete has experienced a whirlwind of success, including winning the Practice Manager of the Year Award and stepping into the role of managing partner. He shares insights into the evolution of their innovative triage, The Human Touch, which continues to reduce call wait times and enhance patient satisfaction despite seasonal challenges. Pete's commitment to minor adjustments rather than sweeping changes has been pivotal in maintaining momentum and avoiding change fatigue, ensuring a seamless service delivery. Pete & Ben also explore the strategic side of managing a medical practice, focusing on financial planning. Finally, Pete shares the importance of communication and collaboration in healthcare management. Tune in to hear Pete's valuable experiences and insights as he continues to champion innovation and efficiency in healthcare. Introduction (00:08)  The Human Touch (01:16) How are the results looking now? (02:35)  Is winter affecting the results? (03:53) Updates to the system.. (04:36) Scaling up.. (05:34) Have the same results been achieved across other practices? (06:05)  Funding & finances (06:59)  Budgeting for the year (10:13)  Taking action sooner.. (11:10)  How is this managed in the practice? (12:55) Making a difference (15:03) Funding via PCNs (16:07)  Financial challenges within practices (17:45)  Financial benefits to be gained from scale (18:56) Getting in touch (23:25)  Listen to Pete's previous episode, The Human Touch, here. To contact Pete directly, please contact him by email here. For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.

In this throwback episode featuring PremRock we spoke with the Wrecking Crew member and Backwoodz veteran in June of 2022 about his collaborative project with Ockham's Blazer, a jazz heavy genre bender. We also discussed his previous solo project “Load Bearing Crow's Feet”. Then we talked about his album pick for this episode - “As the World Burns” from the Arsonists.Purchase Prem's new album "Did You Enjoy Your Time Here...?" at this link: https://backwoodzstudioz.com/collections/premrock-did-you-enjoy-your-time-here

Is the Future of General Practice Finally Looking Brighter? In this week's episode, brought to you in partnership with Practice Index, we welcome back Claire Houston, Robyn Clark, and James Gransby to discuss the newly agreed contract for general practice. After three years of imposed terms, the promise of an additional £889 million in funding offers a glimmer of hope. However, the episode delves into the reality that much of this funding may simply offset rising staffing costs and increased national insurance contributions, providing little genuine financial relief for GP partners. We explore the complexities and uncertainties these changes bring, emphasising the importance of clear contract planning to secure financial stability and better outcomes for both practices and patients. Introduction (00:08) An agreed contract (01:22)  Are practices feeling better? (02:28) Is it helping the underlying profitability? (06:59) The changes & impact for ARRS? (11:10)  More money for ARRS? (12:17)  What's your take on the impact? (12:35) Keeping the online consultation tool on.. (15:56) The GPC.. (18:40) NHS England is going to be abolished (20:12) Final thoughts.. (23:28)  To visit the Practice Index website, click here or contact James Dillon here. For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.

Happy St Patrick's Day! We got carried with our 3 hour special. Instead you get 50 Celtic songs and tunes for you to enjoy for St Patrick's Day on the Irish & Celtic Music Podcast #701. Subscribe now! GET CELTIC MUSIC NEWS IN YOUR INBOX The Celtic Music Magazine is a quick and easy way to plug yourself into more great Celtic culture. Enjoy seven weekly news items for Celtic music and culture online. Subscribe now and get 34 Celtic MP3s for Free. VOTE IN THE CELTIC TOP 20 FOR 2025 This is our way of finding the best songs and artists each year. You can vote for as many songs and tunes that inspire you in each episode. Your vote helps me create this year's Best Celtic music of 2025 episode. You have just three weeks to vote this year. Vote Now! You can follow our playlist on YouTube to listen to those top voted tracks as they are added every 2 - 3 weeks. THIS WEEK IN CELTIC MUSIC 0:15 - The Friel Sisters "My Love is in America/The Yellow Tinker/Old Cuffe Street (Reels)" from Northern Sky 3:35 - WELCOME THE IRISH & CELTIC MUSIC PODCAST * Helping you celebrate Celtic culture through music. I am Marc Gunn. I'm a Celtic musician and host of Folk Songs & Stories. This podcast is for fans of Celtic music. We are here to build a diverse Celtic community and help the incredible artists who so generously share their music with you. If you hear music you love, please email artists to let them know you heard them on the Irish and Celtic Music Podcast. Musicians depend on your generosity to release new music. So please find a way to support them. Buy a CD, Album Pin, Shirt, Digital Download, or join their community on Patreon. You can find a link to all of the artists in the shownotes, along with show times, when you visit our website at celticmusicpodcast.com. Email follow@bestcelticmusic to learn how to subscribe to the podcast and you will get a free music - only episode. If you are a Celtic musician and want your music featured on the show, please submit your band to be played on the podcast. You don't have to send in music or an EPK, and You will get a free eBook called Celtic Musicians Guide to Digital Music. It's 100% free. Just email follow@bestcelticmusic 5:32 - Nathan Gourley, Joey Abarta, and Owen Marshall "A Tailor I Am / The Shoemaker's Fancy / Donncha Ó Loinsigh's" from Copley Street 2 9:36 - Fialla "Dúlamán" from A Rare Thing 13:41 - W. Ed Harris "Arran Boat Song" from Family, Friends, Choices, & Memories 17:50 - Goitse "Green Fields of Canada" from Rosc 22:39 - Clay Babies "Dick Gossips / Dinky's Reel / Miss McLoud's" from Speechless Vol. 1: Sloppy Session in the Sticks 27:11 - The Irish Rovers "Drunken Sailor" from Drunken Sailor 30:04 - WHAT ARE YOU DOING FOR ST PATRICK'S DAY THIS YEAR? Ellen MacIsaac: Probably gigging. Lots of work for musicians at that time. Patrick Rieger: That's a Monday. I'll listen to some music at home. My favorite pub will be a madhouse so I will be avoiding the place. Jordan Reeder: Guinness and the Irish and Celtic music podcast for sure!

This week, we welcome Ashleigh Perryman and Michael Norris from Gosport PCN to discuss their pioneering work in team-based pharmacy services across five GP practices. Leading a team of 10 pharmacists, 10 technicians, and 4 admin staff, they share how their centralised approach fosters collaboration and innovation. Learn how strategic staff deployment ensures comprehensive care, while specialisation and ongoing training enhance service offerings. Whether you're a healthcare professional or simply interested in forward-thinking healthcare strategies, this episode provides valuable insights into the evolving world of pharmacy services. Introduction (00:08) The team.. (01:42) Developing the team (02:47) Career progression within the team (03:31)  Equal Pharmacy Techs and Pharmacists (05:40)  Development for individuals (08:13) Turnover of pharmacists (09:27) The outcomes of the videos.. (13:35 Safety searches.. (13:59)  Most at risk patients being prioritised.. (15:22) How does it work across multiple practices? (15:34) Taking this to PCN management (18:15) Plans for the future.. (19:59)  Getting in touch (22:36) For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.

The New Zealand Book Awards Trust says the competition for the 2025 Ockham New Zealand Book Awards will be fierce - with a strong line-up of finalists vying for the top prizes. Chairperson Nicola Legat spoke to Corin Dann.

Hablamos de Guillermo de Ockham, de su famoasa "navaja", del nominalismo y todo lo relacionamos con Venecia y su "nobleza" monetarista y conspiradora.

We talk to Kinnfolk about their new album Star Above the Mountain on the Irish & Celtic Music Podcast #699. Subscribe now! Kinnfolk, The Byrne Brothers, Nathan Gourley, Joey Abarta, and Owen Marshall, Rover's Way, Ed Yother, Hounds of Finn, Charlie O'Brien, Misty Posey, Brendan Monaghan, Ockham's Razor, The Langer's Ball GET CELTIC MUSIC NEWS IN YOUR INBOX The Celtic Music Magazine is a quick and easy way to plug yourself into more great Celtic culture. Enjoy seven weekly news items for Celtic music and culture online. Subscribe now and get 34 Celtic MP3s for Free. VOTE IN THE CELTIC TOP 20 FOR 2025 This is our way of finding the best songs and artists each year. You can vote for as many songs and tunes that inspire you in each episode. Your vote helps me create this year's Best Celtic music of 2025 episode. You have just three weeks to vote this year. Vote Now! You can follow our playlist on YouTube to listen to those top voted tracks as they are added every 2 - 3 weeks. THIS WEEK IN CELTIC MUSIC 0:08 - The Byrne Brothers "Wendy's Waltz" from The Boys of Doorin 2:38 - WELCOME 3:54 - Nathan Gourley, Joey Abarta, and Owen Marshall "Callaghan's / The Boys of Ballycastle" from Copley Street 2 7:41 - Rover's Way "River Driver" from The Journey 13:11 - Ed Yother "Where I Told her Loved Her and Sprained Her Ankle / Coffee on the Bricks / The Persistence of Noel Reid" from First Figure 16:37 - Hounds of Finn "Golden Ticket" from Gravity Pulls 19:14 - FEEDBACK 25:57 - KINNFOLK INTERVIEW PART 1 30:58 - Kinnfolk "The Water's Rising / Gwendal" from Star Above The Mountain 36:39 - KINNFOLK INTERVIEW PART 2 42:31 - Kinnfolk "Roanoke Puirt à Beul" from Star Above The Mountain 45:36 - KINNFOLK INTERVIEW PART 3 58:51 - Kinnfolk "Ghost of Old Crozet" from Star Above The Mountain 1:02:06 - THANKS 1:03:50 - Charlie O'Brien "Bleak is the Pampa" from The Trackless Wild, Irish Song of the Pampa 1:07:06 - Misty Posey "Come Along to the Enchanted Forest" from Misty Posey 1:11:52 - Brendan Monaghan "No More Words" from Lovers Always Win 1:15:44 - Ockham's Razor "Madame I'm a Darling" from Garnet 1:20:58 - CLOSING 1:21:56 - The Langer's Ball "The Wild Rover" from Drinking Song Sing - A - Long 1:24:46 - CREDITS The Irish & Celtic Music Podcast was produced by Marc Gunn, The Celtfather and our Patrons on Patreon. The show was edited by Mitchell Petersen with Graphics by Miranda Nelson Designs. Visit our website to follow the show. You'll find links to all of the artists played in this episode. Todd Wiley is the editor of the Celtic Music Magazine. Subscribe to get 34 Celtic MP3s for Free. Plus, you'll get 7 weekly news items about what's happening with Celtic music and culture online. Best of all, you will connect with your Celtic heritage. Please tell one friend about this podcast. Word of mouth is the absolute best way to support any creative endeavor. Finally, remember. Reduce, reuse, recycle, and talk with others about climate change. What are you doing to combat climate change? Start a discussion with someone today. Promote Celtic culture through music at http://celticmusicpodcast.com/. WELCOME THE IRISH & CELTIC MUSIC PODCAST * Helping you celebrate Celtic culture through music. I am Marc Gunn. I'm a Celtic musician and host of Folk Songs & Stories. This podcast is for fans of Celtic music. We are here to build a diverse Celtic community and help the incredible artists who so generously share their music with you. If you hear music you love, please email artists to let them know you heard them on the Irish and Celtic Music Podcast. Musicians depend on your generosity to release new music. So please find a way to support them. Buy a CD, Album Pin, Shirt, Digital Download, or join their community on Patreon. You can find a link to all of the artists in the shownotes, along with show times, when you visit our website at celticmusicpodcast.com. Email follow@bestcelticmusic to learn how to subscribe to the podcast and you will get a free music - only episode. If you are a Celtic musician and want your music featured on the show, please submit your band to be played on the podcast. You don't have to send in music or an EPK, and You will get a free eBook called Celtic Musicians Guide to Digital Music. It's 100% free. Just email follow@bestcelticmusic THANK YOU PATRONS OF THE PODCAST! I am in awe of your generosity. You are the heartbeat of this podcast—the reason I bring you fresh, captivating episodes every single week. And you make it all possible. Your support isn't just appreciated—it fuels everything. It covers our brilliant engineer, the talented graphic designer, the dedicated Celtic Music Magazine editor, and the promotion that helps this music reach more ears. Your kindness lets me buy the music you love, and it gives me the time to craft each episode just for you. And as a patron, you don't just support the show—you step into the heart of the music. You get exclusive, ad - free, music - only episodes before anyone else. You shape the Celtic Top 20 with your votes. You unlock free music downloads, sheet music, and your own private feed to listen your way—whether through Patreon or your favorite podcast app. All of this, for as little as $3 a month. Three dollars. That's less than a cup of coffee, yet it keeps the music alive. It keeps this community thriving. And it keeps you at the center of it all. Join us today. Let's make this music last forever. A special thanks to our new and continued Patrons of the Podcast: Thomas Cochran, Akronczyk HERE IS YOUR THREE STEP PLAN TO SUPPORT THE PODCAST Go to our Patreon page. Decide how much you want to pledge every month, $3, $12, $25. Keep listening to the Irish & Celtic Music Podcast to celebrate Celtic culture through music. You can become a generous Patron of the Podcast on Patreon at SongHenge.com. TRAVEL WITH CELTIC INVASION VACATIONS Every year, I take a small group of Celtic music fans on the relaxing adventure of a lifetime. We don't see everything. Instead, we stay in one area. We get to know the region through its culture, history, and legends. You can join us with an auditory and visual adventure through podcasts and videos. In 2025, we're going to the Celtic nation of Galicia in Spain. We're gonna learn about the history and legends behind the Celts there and experience some amazing Galician Celtic music. Learn more about the invasion at http://celticinvasion.com/ #celticmusic #irishmusic #celticmusicpodcast I WANT YOUR FEEDBACK What are you doing today while listening to the podcast? I'd love to see a  picture of what you're doing while listening. Is there a new Celtic CD or Celtic band that you heard of or saw? Send a picture. Email me at follow@bestcelticmusic. Brad Welton of Sierra Vista, AZ emailed to ask about upcoming trips. initially. I told him about my Celtic Invasion of Galicia, but of course, that is moved back until 2026. We're going to Wexford, Ireland this summer. He followed up and wrote: "Ah Ha, thanks for the web address for the Celtic Invasions. I will check it out. Thanks Marc!  I still have a number of iPod's that I keep working, My favorite is the Shuffle. I use it to play your podcasts whilst out bicycling. The tunes really pump me up; especially needed for longer distance, more strenuous rides. Thank you for all of your hard work over the years. I have recently been listening to some of your early recordings and hear you rejoicing at reaching #60 or the like, and think, 'man, you wouldn't believe what you have accomplished by now'! You have been so prolific." John Thompson emailed: "Hi Marc, Best of luck with your upcoming surgery. And thanks again for another wonderful year of music on the podcast. Hope you and your family have a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year (with a quick recovery)." Elise of the band Charmas wrote: "Honestly, Marc, the times are changing. I'm watching it happen and not sure what to think going forward. The pandemic lockdown shattered peoples' long - standing traditions and now stepping right back into those shoes feels as unsatisfying as attending a previously - loved concert that now has only half attendance. Charmas' clientele for performing at Irish parties aged out and they simply aren't having parties anymore. St. Pat's is a dying holiday. Bagpiping is still going strong but the Highland Games events haven't rebounded to their former size and it's hard to get new generations excited from scratch. Bands like Tempest are still playing for their longtime followers. Bands like Altan have provided so much great instrumental music that there's enough supply in the world to last forever, without more being produced. If Celtic musicians want to get fed by playing music, they have to create something new and necessary for the next generations. I have no idea what that should be, but I think the best way to get peoples' attention is to create music that is truly innovative, relevant, and useful! It's a good challenge if we decide we are up for it :)"  

Johnjoe McFadden is Professor of Molecular Genetics at the University of Surrey, United Kingdom. He obtained his BSc in Biochemistry at the University of London, and his PhD at Imperial College London. He is an accomplished scientist and author. He has written several books, including "Quantum Evolution: Life in the Multiverse" (2000), "Life on the Edge: The Coming of Age of Quantum Biology" (2014), and his latest book "Life Is Simple: How Occam's Razor Set Science Free and Shapes the Universe" (2021). His research interests include systems biology, mycobacterial genetics, pathogenicity of tuberculosis, neisserial genetics, pathogenicity of meningococcal meningitis. However, along with Prof Jim Al-Khalili, he has become best-known for his contributions to the field of Quantum Biology. Prof McFadden also endorses a theory of consciousness wherein consciousness is an electromagnetic information field (known as CEMI Field Theory).Lecture Title: "Life Is Simple: Science is Occam's Razor" TIMESTAMPS:(0:00) - Introduction (1:03) - William of Ockham(4:43) - Medieval Scientific Theology(9:32) - Universals(13:05) - Teleology(19:45) - Science vs Religion(24:06) - Occam's Razor in Science(37:01) - Simple Laws & Technology (41:25) - Symmetry & Simplicity(43:32) - How Does Occam's Razor Work?(47:55) - What is Science?(51:21) - Occam's Razor in daily life ("The Pocket Razor")(53:39) - Conclusion EPISODE LINKS:- Johnjoe's Podcast: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0kldDplYKac- Johnjoe's Website: https://johnjoemcfadden.co.uk- Johnjoe's Publications: https://tinyurl.com/2s48mdnd- Johnjoe's Books: https://tinyurl.com/49kp3snfCONNECT:- Website: https://tevinnaidu.com - Podcast: https://creators.spotify.com/pod/show/mindbodysolution- YouTube: https://youtube.com/mindbodysolution- Twitter: https://twitter.com/drtevinnaidu- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/drtevinnaidu - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/drtevinnaidu- LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/drtevinnaidu=============================Disclaimer: The information provided on this channel is for educational purposes only. The content is shared in the spirit of open discourse and does not constitute, nor does it substitute, professional or medical advice. We do not accept any liability for any loss or damage incurred from you acting or not acting as a result of listening/watching any of our contents. You acknowledge that you use the information provided at your own risk. Listeners/viewers are advised to conduct their own research and consult with their own experts in the respective fields.

In this week's episode, brought to you in partnership with Practice Index, we welcome back Claire Houston and Tara Humphrey, Founder and CEO of THC Primary Care, to explore the transformative potential of the new Neighbourhood Health Guidelines. Ben, Claire, and Tara examine how these guidelines could reshape healthcare delivery at the neighbourhood level, particularly their impact on general practices and Primary Care Networks (PCNs). They discuss the intersection of PCNs and emerging neighbourhood structures, highlighting the potential shift toward integrated care that involves community and social services. The conversation underscores the ongoing importance of access to general practice in maintaining patient wellbeing, especially as life expectancy continues to rise. This episode also sets the stage for future discussions on NHS developments, including insights from upcoming announcements such as the 10-year plan and next year's GP contract. Introduction (00:08) Neighbourhoods (00:44) The impact on general practice & PCN's.. (02:38)  Six core components (04:01)  Creating an infrastructure (06:46) Will we see pressure from local areas for PCNs to change boundaries? (11:21) Could local arguments start to emerge? (13:15) Funding.. (17:40) Freedom to local areas (21:20) Can practices and PCNs influence development? (25:24)  To visit the Practice Index website, click here or contact James Dillon here. For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.

Unlock the secrets to revolutionising general practice with Ruth Rankine from the NHS Confederation, as she guides us through the intricate web of healthcare innovation and policy shaping. Learn how Ruth's pivotal role empowers her to engage with key stakeholders to drive transformative changes across the healthcare landscape. Discover the unique position of the NHS Confederation compared to the General Practitioners Committee, with a focus that extends beyond individual practices to embrace a diverse array of primary care providers. Ruth offers a candid look at the current landscape of general practice, highlighting the dynamic challenges and opportunities healthcare providers face amidst evolving governmental policies. With a focus on strategic co-production, community infrastructure, and organisational development, this episode offers valuable insights into the future of primary care and the path towards creating a resilient healthcare system. Introduction (00:09) A day in Ruth's life.. (01:18)  Influencing on behalf of members (02:37)  The difference between you & the GPC? (03:53) The current situation for General Practice (05:02)  What does the government want from General Practice? (07:20) General Practice & Neighbourhood teams.. (11:46) Coordination of organisations.. (14:03) How will collaborations work for local systems? (16:59) Do collaborations exist everywhere? (21:08)  Next steps.. (23:03)  Getting in touch.. (25:13) Visit the NHS Confederation website here. For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.

Nicola Legat is the chair of the New Zealand Book Awards Trust and joins Emile Donovan to preview the list.

In this week's episode, brought to you in partnership with Practice Index, we welcome back Claire Houston, Kay Keane, and Hussain Gandhi. Together, they delve into the significant changes in advice and guidance funding for general practice, introduced as part of the government's new Elective Recovery Plan. With a focus on patient choice and the new £20 funding per advice and guidance request for GPs, they examine whether this fee truly reflects the work involved. They also discuss the potential shift in workload from secondary to primary care and what this means for practices. Additionally, the conversation touches on the evolving role of digital healthcare and its varied impact across regions, highlighting the importance of clear contractual details to ensure fair compensation for GPs. Tune in for an insightful discussion to help practices navigate these changes and prepare for the future of healthcare. Introduction (00:08)  The recovery plan (00:53) Advice and guidance (02:15) Existing funding (05:31) How advice and guidance requests work.. (07:35)  Additional money (11:36) Other elements (13:13) Patient-initiated follow-ups (14:10)  Is advice and guidance coming off the ‘list' (21:11) The details.. (22:29)  How to prepare.. (23:11) Visit the Practice Index Hub directly, here. To visit the Practice Index website, click here or contact James Dillon here. For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.

We're pleased to kick off the new year with a returning guest, Lorenz Kemper, Co-founder and Director of Medlink Solutions. Since his last appearance during the pandemic in 2020, Medlink has achieved remarkable growth and innovation in transforming general practice operations across the UK. In this episode, Lorenz discusses how Medlink has expanded its client base and unveiled an automated recall system integrated with EMIS Web. This breakthrough reduces administrative workloads, increases clinical capacity, and absorbs communication costs, resulting in significant savings and improved efficiency for practices. Join us to explore how these advancements are reshaping the way practices manage enhanced services. Introduction (00:08)  Peak of the pandemic.. (01:38) What's happened since then? (02:05)  How do you manage health checks remotely.. (02:47) Is this practice focused? (03:41) What does MedLink do? (05:30) How have practices found this system? (10:02) Providing patients with options.. (12:42) What's included for each practice? (13:26) Future plans.. (14:27) Development of neighbourhood teams (15:24) Working with secondary care.. (18:01) Finding out more.. (18:48)  You can visit the MedLink website here. You can listen back to Lorenz' & Ben's previous episode ‘Online long-term condition reviews using MedLink' here. For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.

In this week's episode, brought to you in partnership with Practice Index, we welcome back Claire Houston & Kay Keane, they explore the financial challenges that general practices are facing in light of recent budget changes. Practices are grappling with significant costs, and the fear of potential staff reductions looms large. They highlight the ongoing financial strain on practices, emphasising the gap between headline funding figures and the real growth in income. They reflect on the emotional and practical struggles faced by healthcare workers amidst rising operational costs. The lack of clear communication from governing bodies only adds to the difficulty of managing budgets effectively. This episode paints a vivid picture of the challenging landscape that general practices navigate while striving to maintain service standards. Introduction (00:09)  The impact on practices (02:51)  Finances for practices (04:22)  Is there time? (07:41) Is it going to get resolved.. (09:10) IGPMs reaction (12:03) Collective action (14:15) A difficult period.. (16:43)  How do you see it playing out? (22:02) The salary calculator (23:32)  To visit the Practice Index website, click here or contact James Dillon here. For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.  

Join Ben in this solo episode as he explores the rapidly changing landscape of general practice and primary care networks. With the five year contract ending in March, is general practice facing significant financial challenges and an uncertain future? Ben explores the potential shift towards a neighbourhood based model of healthcare integration. As Primary Care Networks take a backseat, the focus shifts to integrated neighbourhood teams, designed to deliver seamless, holistic care. He also discusses the implications for Integrated Care Boards and the critical need for strong organisational infrastructure to support this transformation. Listen in as Ben navigates the challenges and opportunities, pondering what the future holds for general practice.. The changing landscape for primary care networks and for GP practices (0:09) Contract limbo situation (0:22)  The Fuller Report (02:08) Integrated neighborhood teams (03:49) The Darzi report.. (06:09) GP contracts needs to have some major reform (07:14) Think tank.. (08:00) ‘Working Better Together in Neighbourhoods' Report (08:54) The job of ICB's (10:48) PCNs.. (11:31) Introduction of neighbourhoods (12:57) What does all this mean? (14:20) Relationships in your local area (17:14) Taking on leadership roles for cross organisational working.. (18:11) For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.

This week, Ben is joined by former colleague, Adrian McCourt, to explore groundbreaking innovations in general practice health services. Adrian shares his transformative work from the past three years, focusing on how addressing social determinants of health can enhance healthcare outcomes. He highlights the challenges and impacts of tackling issues like housing, finances, and social networks, particularly for frail patients who experience frequent hospital readmissions. The episode concludes with Adrian offering practical advice on implementing these innovations in various settings, providing a roadmap for those looking to pursue similar initiatives. Don't miss this opportunity to gain valuable insights into driving innovation in general practice. Introduction (00:09)  How did the project come about? (00:46) Social determinants.. (02:04) Influences.. (02:21) Population health management (03:41) Making a difference.. (05:04) Seeing a difference.. (08:57)  Demonstrating the difference.. (10:34) The costs involved (14:24) The future.. (18:36)  Getting in touch.. (22:02) Visit Sodexo's website here, or get in touch with Adrian via email here. For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.

In this episode, Dr. Alan Strange explores the theological contributions of Thomas Aquinas, a pivotal medieval thinker. Exploring Aquinas's famous five proofs for God's existence, his integration of Aristotelian philosophy with Christian doctrine, and his lasting impact on Western theology, Dr. Strange also introduces other significant medieval theologians like John Duns Scotus and William of Ockham. He offers insights into medieval scholastic thought, the development of theological reasoning, and the complex intellectual landscape preceding the Reformation.

In this episode, Dr. Alan Strange explores the theological contributions of Thomas Aquinas, a pivotal medieval thinker. Exploring Aquinas's famous five proofs for God's existence, his integration of Aristotelian philosophy with Christian doctrine, and his lasting impact on Western theology, Dr. Strange also introduces other significant medieval theologians like John Duns Scotus and William of Ockham. He offers insights into medieval scholastic thought, the development of theological reasoning, and the complex intellectual landscape preceding the Reformation.

Primary care leader Dr Tom Holdsworth returns to the podcast, bringing his wealth of experience from Sheffield's dynamic healthcare scene. This episode uncovers how his team embraced an NHS England pilot with a mix of enthusiasm and cautious optimism, aiming to revolutionise data accuracy and effectiveness in primary care. Eager to innovate, Tom explores strategic approaches to data collection and capacity building, he sheds light on the importance of establishing consistent baselines and the potential for debunking myths around general practice funding through transparent data. Our conversation also paves the way for a richer understanding of frailty care expansion and the integration of neighbourhood teams to enhance emergency services coordination. Looking ahead, they delve into the promising future of the GP programme, with plans for new staff appointments and expanded capacity. Join us as we anticipate the transformative impact this will have on patient care and eagerly await future outcomes. Introduction (00:09)  Tom's roles.. (00:23)  The focus.. (02:01) The NHS England PCN Pilot Scheme.. (02:58)  10% increase in capacity.. (07:31) The impact of data overtime.. (09:03) Investing in General Practice (10:29)  The future of the pilot.. (17:33) Support throughout the pilot (18:41)  Results from the pilot.. (19:51) Listen to Tom's previous episode here - ‘Supporting frailty in Sheffield'. For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.

In this episode, Jerry and Stably engage in a thoughtful discussion about The Theological Origins of Modernity by Michael Allen Gillespie. The hosts delve into the book's central thesis that the modern world, often perceived as secular and rational, has deep roots in theological and metaphysical ideas. They explore how Gillespie traces the evolution of modernity back to debates between medieval theologians and their reinterpretation of ancient Greek philosophy.The conversation begins with a recap of Gillespie's argument that the Reformation and the Renaissance played pivotal roles in shaping the modern worldview. Stably highlights how the author connects figures like Martin Luther and Descartes to a broader intellectual trajectory, emphasizing their attempts to reconcile human freedom with divine omnipotence. Jerry complements this by discussing how these thinkers laid the groundwork for Enlightenment values, such as individual autonomy and scientific inquiry.A key portion of the episode is dedicated to Gillespie's examination of nominalism—the idea that universals do not exist independently of the mind. Both hosts note how this seemingly abstract philosophical shift had profound implications, undermining the hierarchical, God-centered cosmos of medieval scholasticism and paving the way for a more human-centered perspective. They discuss specific examples from the book, such as the works of William of Ockham and how his ideas challenged traditional notions of order and knowledge.Jerry and Stably also tackle the tension between faith and reason, a recurring theme in Gillespie's analysis. They reflect on how this tension manifested in early modern thinkers, including Galileo and Bacon, who sought to harmonize religious beliefs with empirical science. The hosts provide a nuanced take on the enduring relevance of these debates, drawing parallels to contemporary discussions about the role of religion in public life and the boundaries of scientific authority.In addition to philosophical themes, the episode includes accessible anecdotes and case studies. For instance, Stably recounts the historical context surrounding the Protestant Reformation and how it reshaped societal structures, while Jerry adds insights on the influence of classical antiquity on Renaissance humanism. Both hosts emphasize Gillespie's skill in weaving these diverse threads into a cohesive narrative, making a complex subject engaging and relatable.The episode concludes with Jerry and Stably sharing their personal takeaways. They agree that Gillespie's work challenges readers to reconsider simplistic narratives about modernity's origins, inviting a deeper appreciation of the interplay between theology, philosophy, and history. As they wrap up, the hosts encourage listeners to reflect on how these historical dynamics continue to shape modern identity and values.This discussion offers an intellectually stimulating journey through the intersections of faith, reason, and modernity, underscoring the importance of understanding historical context in making sense of today's world.

Could the future of rural healthcare be at risk? Join us as we welcome Nicola Davies, Matthew Isom & Ed Kennedy to discuss the pressing challenges confronting dispensing practices in rural areas. These practices, crucial for providing medication to patients living far from pharmacies, are battling rising drug costs and inadequate reimbursements.  Hear how once profitable operations are now facing financial strain, threatening essential healthcare services for communities who depend on them. Tune in to understand why national level resolutions are crucial to preventing health inequalities and preserving essential services for rural communities. Introduction (00:08) The 1.6kilometre rule.. (01:34)  Challenges dispensing practices are facing.. (02:10)  A third are operating at a loss.. (05:42)  Does dispensing activity subsidise core service delivery? (07:51)  Reports.. (19:06)  What needs to change? (20:58) For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.

Join Ben as he explores the new primary care patient safety strategy released in September, with expert Laura Marshall, Co-Founder L&L Consultancy Group and senior associate at Oliver and Company. This episode uncovers the strategy's potential to revolutionise patient safety in general practice and addresses the challenges and opportunities it presents.  Ben & Laura highlight the need for a different culture where staff can report incidents without fear of blame. By fostering trust and confidence through effective communication of outcomes and changes, they aim to encourage comprehensive reporting and learning within general practices. Don't miss Laura's enthusiasm and willingness to engage with listeners for more in-depth discussions on these crucial topics. Introduction (00:09)  Patient Safety Strategy (00:37) Not reporting issues.. (01:13) Learning, not blaming (04:41) How to implement these changes? (07:02) Who does this fall on? (08:14) What difference will practices see? (10:22) Overcoming the fear.. (11:41) Feedback on reporting.. (15:19) Implementing this into practices (16:51)  Additional resources? (19:11) What will be different? (20:24)  The CQC (21:57)  Getting in touch.. (24:47) Contact Laura directly via email here, or find Laura on LinkedIn here. For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.

In this week's episode, brought to you in partnership with Practice Index, we welcome James Gransby and Ceri Chaplin. They join Ben to discuss the implications of the recent budget on general practice, sharing concerns about how these changes could significantly impact practice finances. They highlight the projected cost increase for employing someone on minimum wage next year, illustrating the financial pressures facing GP practices. The episode further explores the funding challenges general practice managers face, focusing on the gap between rising staff salaries and insufficient funding. The episode emphasises the need for more clarity and planning to ensure primary care can effectively manage resources amidst these financial uncertainties. If you'd like to come to Guidelines Live (free for practice management staff), simply click here and ensure you select 'Practice Management' in the profession field. Alternatively, you can email info@practiceindex.co.uk to secure your ticket. Introduction (00:08)  The budget (00:50) The two big changes.. (01:48) The changes to the National Living Wage? (03:15) Impact on practices (03:45) Another rise, unfunded or underfunded? (04:08) Calculations about the impact on practices. (04:37) Has general practice been caught in the crossfire? (05:26) The offset.. (06:35)  The partnership model.. (08:39)  What are the other impacts from the budget? (10:37)  Could partners leave sooner? (12:30) Practice premises upgrade.. (13:37)  The future is looking promising.. (14:37) The local community (15:20)  Key takeaways (17:33) Advice & final thoughts.. (20:53)  To visit the Practice Index website, click here or contact James Dillon here. For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.

Just like your local produce aisle, this episode is FRESH. We welcome in Toronto super-producer for his third appearance on the Pit, none other than the legendary Fresh Kils. We talk everything from vanity to success to having a fan make you a musical love letter over your own music. We also talk failed podcasts, the cognitive dissonance required by our way of life, to the up and coming Ockham's Blazer 2 (release date TBD).And make sure you stay tuned til the end of the episode where you will hear Make it Right off of his most recent record Disclaimer. Link to the song and album in the description.Fresh Kils - DisclaimerEtsyPatreonLinktreefind us on twitter:@nostalgiapit@madshroommc@thehashtronaut@aralessInstagram:@ruining_your.childhood@feral_williams@aralessbmn@madshroommc@strangeloopanimation

Join Ben as he brings together pensions expert Paul Gordon and accountant James Gransby to explore the recent changes in NHS pensions. They discuss the aftermath of the age discrimination case and its consequences following the government's loss, which has resulted in revised pension statements for many NHS members. The discussion delves into the complexities of NHS pension figures and annual allowance returns, highlighting the challenges faced by both individuals and practices. They emphasise the importance of using medical specialist accountants to ensure accuracy in submissions. Join Paul and James for this dynamic discussion and how to prepare yourself with the knowledge to tackle these pension challenges, and those dreaded brown envelopes, with confidence. To join the session Paul & James are running at 8am on the 31st October, the invite can be accessed here. Meeting ID: 372 708 777 60 Passcode: UHL7CW Introduction (00:09)  The update (00:57)  Updated statements (02:09) Making a choice.. (04:00) Rollback? (05:12) Why is it not available on the website? (06:28)  The brown envelope (07:29)  What do you need to do? (08:37) January deadline.. (10:48) What's happened since the brown envelope delivery? (11:28) Changing schemes.. (15:31) Summary.. (16:30) The inside scoop.. (18:01)  Budget breakfast & how to attend (24:11)  The HMRC tool mentioned by James, ‘Calculate your public service pension adjustment', can be accessed here.  To contact James directly, his email can be found here, or visit James' bio on the Azets website here. For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.

Join Ben this week, with guest Joe McManners, a GP in Oxford, as they explore the challenges and potential solutions for enhancing primary and community care within the NHS. They tackle the provocative notion that a sudden influx of funding into primary care might not yield the desired outcomes without the necessary structures and capacity. Drawing insights from the Darcy report, they discuss the persistent issues plaguing the NHS and the historical difficulties of transitioning resources from hospital care to community-based care. They also explore the ongoing debate within general practice about expanding services versus adhering to current boundaries. Tune in for a discussion that underscores the need for stability and long-term planning in the evolving landscape of primary care. Introduction (00:09)  The Health Service Journal (00:53) Going back to the 90s.. (02:34) What's needed to make it different this time? (03:54) Examples of this approach working (06:12) Capacity in the community (07:45)  Future structures? (09:38)  What do we mean by a neighbourhood? (10:44)  Integral structures.. (13:20)  Capital investment.. (14:27) Policy agenda (16:47) New government, new investments? (19:31)  What do we need to see in the next year? (20:45)  The future of PCNs.. (22:16) For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.

In this week's episode, brought to you in partnership with Practice Index, we welcome back Claire Houston. Ben & Claire discuss the challenges PCNs face with the tight timelines and ambiguous guidance surrounding the new additional role reimbursement scheme for GPs. Claire shares her perspective on the recruitment hurdles, including stringent criteria, funding constraints, and the lack of clarity about funding beyond the initial six months. Tune in for an enlightening discussion on these pressing issues and potential pathways to sustainability in primary care. Introduction (00:08)  Underspend on the additional role reimbursement scheme (00:57)  Introduction of the new additional role reimbursement scheme.. (01:50) Funding beyond March (03:17) Separate pot from the additional role reimbursement scheme (05:55)  Assurances by NHS England (07:08)  The numbers.. (08:43) Where is additional money coming from? (09:43) Providing support to the new GPs (11:30) Where to place additional role staff.. (13:58) Other stand outs about the new PCN Des.. (15:41) PCN's position.. (16:53) Using unspent ARRS money.. (20:26) To visit the Practice Index website, click here or contact James Dillon here. For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.

Join Ben as he explores the critical intersection of healthcare and environmental sustainability with Dr Fran Cundill, a dedicated GP from North Sheffield and the chair of South Yorkshire Greener Practice. In their conversation, Fran shares her inspiring journey of spearheading sustainability initiatives across four PCNs. Discover how she crafted tailored green plans for each PCN, focusing on priorities like energy cost reduction, clinical de-prescribing, and green prescribing. Fran also candidly discusses the challenges and successes encountered along the way, emphasising the importance of integrating sustainability into daily healthcare practices. Fran shares her focus on a targeted initiative aimed at improving asthma care within a PCN. This initiative has not only garnered positive reception but also resulted in environmental benefits. Hear about the successful implementation of an asthma project within a PCN, and the role of key stakeholders in driving the project's success.. Introduction (00:08) Environmental sustainability work (01:36)  Turning the brief into specifics.. (02:53) Working with each PCN.. (03:52)  The biggest impacts (04:40) The asthma project (06:33)  Signing the practices up.. (08:32) Setting targets (09:05)  What changes were made? (10:14) The overall impact.. (12:06) The future.. (12:59)  Key takeaways.. (14:11) Finding support (15:49) What's next for Fran? (17:38) Visit the Greener Practice website here, the toolkit here, and the Centre for Sustainable Healthcare website here. For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.

Join Ben for an engaging conversation with Amy Sissons, business partner and head of innovation at Qualitas Consortium, and Dr Naomi Bennett, GP partner and graduate of the Pathway for Partnership programme. Together, they explore how the Pathway for Partnership programme empowers both new and experienced GP partners to enhance their leadership abilities and drive practice transformation. Discover how the programme instils the confidence to challenge norms, enabling data-driven decisions and improving patient care. The discussion also covers the programme's positive impact on practice operations and its role in addressing NHS pressures. Introduction (0:08) Pathway for Partnership Programme.. (03:36) Partners.. (05:01) New partnership scheme (05:16) How does it work in practice? (06:26) How did you hear about the programme? (08:12 Becoming a GP Partner (09:16)  What were the things then you kind of found most useful? (09:56) Overall impact on the practice, staff & patients.. (12:22) Patient Participation Group (15:33) Development after the programme (17:09) Top tips for a new partner.. (18:58) Find out more.. (20:55) Visit the Qualitas Consortium uk website here, or visit their facebook, Twitter or Linkedin. For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.

For the sixth year running, we welcome back Hussain Gandhi, to reflect on the transformative journey of PCNs since their launch in 2019. Ben & Gandhi discuss the evolution of managing Additional Roles Reimbursement Scheme roles, highlighting the transition from rapid growth and role definition to achieving stability and effectiveness within the workforce. They explore the power of collective action within PCNs, showcasing how diverse roles like health and wellbeing coaches, pharmacists, and care coordinators collaborate to enhance patient care. They discuss the importance of community partnerships in addressing broader health issues and reflect on the impact of recent governmental initiatives on general practice. Gandhi provides a critical analysis of potential future reforms and the need for targeted changes to support the sustainability and effectiveness of general practice in the UK. Listen in for a discussion that offers both a retrospective and forward looking perspective on the future of general practice. Introduction (0:09) 2019 to now.. (00:30) Does it feel different this year? (01:45) How do you stop that from happening? (02:52) Specific teams within the ARS group (03:22)  Getting the balance right.. (04:46) Has the balance changed? (05:43)  Gandhi's thoughts on GPs being added to the additional roles scheme (06:50) Could GPs take on a leadership role? (08:28) Population management (09:52) Community hub.. (12:19) Collective action.. (14:38) The right approach (16:59) The new government (19:07) How do you predict things are going to play out over the next few years? (20:48) PCN Plus conference (23:50) For all enquiries about the Ockham podcast, please contact Ben Gowland here.

Back in 1997, Deep Blue (an IBM computer) defeated Garry Kasparov, the world chess champion at the time, in a six-game match with a final score of 3.5-2.5 in favor of Deep Blue. Almost 20 years later, in 2016, Google's AlphaGo program achieved a similar victory by defeating Lee Sedol, one of the world's top professional Go players, in a five-game match with a final score of 4-1. Artificial intelligence and machine learning have been around for decades, yet they were not accessible to you and me. Now that they are, they're predicted to change marketing (and life in general) forever. Experts, insiders, and reporters expect good and bad from AI. Some predict Skynet from the Terminator movies, while others expect it to cure cancer. Ockham's razor would predict that it's probably something in the middle. Companies and their leaders are telling us that they are working to make your experience better and part of the greater good of humanity. Search is supposed to provide the best answer to your search prompt, and social media is supposed to serve the content you want to see. In reality, it's more about profits than principles. Search is optimized to get you to click ads—that's how Google makes over 75% of its revenue. Facebook feeds your friendships and shows posts meant to stir the pot and keep you engaged. Facebook makes over 95% of its profits from ad sales. Ockham's razor would show us that trying to find and win customers through search and social media would benefit the platform more than you. It's like a casino with all that noise of winners on its machines, but the odds have been programmed to make the casino much more money than it's paying out! When it comes to marketing, we have been using AI since the beginnings of Google and Facebook. Both are run through algorithms.

This week we look at the central intellectual debate of the 14th century, did Jesus own property? If yes, then it was right and proper that the church owned land, privileges, entire counties and duchies, yes that the pope was not just the spiritual but also the secular ruler of all of Christianity. And if not, then the pope as a successor to the apostles should rescind all worldly possessions and all political power. The follow-on question from there was even more hair raising: if indeed power does not come from the grace of god as determined by the Holy church, then where does it come from. One thinker, Marsilius of Padua goes as far as stating the obvious, power comes from election by the people…This is what pope John XXII, Michael of Cesena, William of Ockham and the cast of Umberto Eco's the Name of the Rose discuss. But there was also a politician, Ludwig IV, elected emperor who took these ideas – and put them into actions….let's find out just how radical this ruler they call “the Bavarian” really was.The music for the show is Flute Sonata in E-flat major, H.545 by Carl Phillip Emmanuel Bach (or some claim it as BWV 1031 Johann Sebastian Bach) performed and arranged by Michel Rondeau under Common Creative Licence 3.0.As always:Homepage with maps, photos, transcripts and blog: www.historyofthegermans.comFacebook: @HOTGPod Twitter: @germanshistoryInstagram: history_of_the_germansReddit: u/historyofthegermansPatreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryofthegermansTo make it easier for you to share the podcast, I have created separate playlists for some of the seasons that are set up as individual podcasts. they have the exact same episodes as in the History of the Germans, but they may be a helpful device for those who want to concentrate on only one season. So far I have:The Ottonians Salian Emperors and Investiture ControversyFredrick Barbarossa and Early HohenstaufenFrederick II Stupor MundiSaxony and Eastward ExpansionThe Hanseatic LeagueThe Teutonic KnightsThe Holy Roman Empire 1250-1356

Join Fr. Gregory Pine, O.P. of Aquinas 101, Godsplaining, and Pints with Aquinas for an off-campus conversation with Prof. Joshua Hochschild about Wendell Berry, his sacramental view of creation, and virtues associated with stewardship of the environment. You can watch this interview on YouTube here: https://youtu.be/XFHDklTldIg About the speaker: Joshua Hochschild is Professor of Philosophy at Mount St. Mary's University, where he also served six years as the inaugural Dean of the College of Liberal Arts. His primary research is in medieval logic, metaphysics, and ethics, with broad interest in liberal education and the continuing relevance of the Catholic intellectual tradition. He is the author of The Semantics of Analogy: Rereading Cajetan's De Nominum Analogia (2010), translator of Claude Panaccio's Mental Language: From Plato to William of Ockham (2017), and co-author of A Mind at Peace: Reclaiming an Ordered Soul in the Age of Distraction (2017). His writing has appeared in First Things, Commonweal, Modern Age and the Wall Street Journal. For 2020-21 he served as President of the American Catholic Philosophical Association.

This lecture was given on June 21st, 2023, at Stonyhust College. For more information on upcoming events, visit us at thomisticinstitute.org/upcoming-events Prof. Joshua Hochschild (Mount St. Mary's University) is Professor of Philosophy and Director of Philosophy, Politics and Economics. He also served six years as the inaugural Dean of the College of Liberal Arts. His primary research is in medieval logic, metaphysics, and ethics, with broad interest in liberal education and the continuing relevance of the Catholic intellectual tradition. He is the author of The Semantics of Analogy: Rereading Cajetan's De Nominum Analogia (2010), translator of Claude Panaccio's Mental Language: From Plato to William of Ockham (2017), and co-author of A Mind at Peace: Reclaiming an Ordered Soul in the Age of Distraction (2017). His writing has appeared in First Things, Commonweal, Modern Age and the Wall Street Journal. For 2020-21 he served as President of the American Catholic Philosophical Association.

Prof. Joshua Hochschild (Mount St. Mary's University) is Professor of Philosophy and Director of Philosophy, Politics and Economics. He also served six years as the inaugural Dean of the College of Liberal Arts. His primary research is in medieval logic, metaphysics, and ethics, with broad interest in liberal education and the continuing relevance of the Catholic intellectual tradition. He is the author of The Semantics of Analogy: Rereading Cajetan's De Nominum Analogia (2010), translator of Claude Panaccio's Mental Language: From Plato to William of Ockham (2017), and co-author of A Mind at Peace: Reclaiming an Ordered Soul in the Age of Distraction (2017). His writing has appeared in First Things, Commonweal, Modern Age and the Wall Street Journal. For 2020-21 he served as President of the American Catholic Philosophical Association.

A closer look at the holiday meant for peace and love. Choices include pagan, evil, religious or commercial. Was it really about Mr. V? Truth is what we truly want. When morals are gone, fornication and rape is normalized. They might also mean the love of information. Sometimes it just happens. The past dots shows the future to come. We tried all this in the 50's and 60's. Putin wants nukes in space? Misinformation is meant to guide you. See how it spreads and becomes the narrative. Influencers gonna influence. It's been that way since long ago. The simplest explanation usually leads to the truth. Let's showcase some theories. Lambs are spring born for a reason. Seasonal behaviors are real and synchronizing functions are part of life. Nature aligns our activities. The lore of the ancients is simple and profound. Shelter, food and abundance was deeply rooted in humans. Being with people you love means family and friends can teach us. Compassion will be needed by us all, plus courage too. Now is the time to use your gut, because not all of us will be here.

Seven hundred years ago, Italian scholar Marsilius of Padua helped lay the foundation for our modern ideas of popular sovereignty. In his book Defensor Pacis, written in the context of an ongoing battle in church-state relations, he anticipated the idea of separate spheres for Church and state.   Though tensions over the balance of power between Church and state were probably inevitable, it took surprisingly long for them to develop. In the Roman Empire, the state regulated religious practice. Christianity was an illegal religion in the Empire for nearly 300 years, but when legalized, a precedent was set for the Church to operate separately from the state. For centuries, the two sides cooperated without much fundamental conflict.  In the Latin West, questions about the relationship between Church and state arose at the end of the eighth century. In 799, Pope Leo III was accused of a variety of crimes. He appealed to Charlemagne, the king of the Franks, for judgment. Though unsure whether he had jurisdiction over the Pope, Charlemagne acquitted Leo. Since this suggested Charlemagne was over the Pope, Leo decided to redress the balance by crowning Charlemagne emperor on Christmas of 800, implying papal authority over that office.  After Charlemagne, both the Church and the state suffered serious decline for nearly a century. The title of emperor fell into disuse, and the papacy descended into a period of moral degeneracy. In the late 900s, with the aid of Church reformers, the Germanic King Otto I managed to centralize enough power to be named Holy Roman Emperor. He and his successors deposed a series of corrupt popes and appointed reformers in their place.  These reforming popes soon found their dependence on the emperor both theologically and politically problematic. Politically, by playing around with the rules and making deals with the emperor's enemies, they managed to loosen the papacy from imperial control. Theologically, they began to argue that as the eternal is superior to the temporal and the spiritual to the physical, the Church is superior to the state and the pope to the emperor. In effect, this meant the Church was over the state. The logic was that, since the civil government was established by God to enforce righteousness, and the pope was the vicar of Christ on Earth, he should be arbiter of what is righteous, and secular rulers must obey. If they failed to do so, the pope claimed the right to depose them, even the Holy Roman Emperor.  Unsurprisingly, the Holy Roman Emperors disagreed with this logic. An early conflict was over who should name and install bishops. Since Otto I, bishops had been part of the imperial government, and emperors had insisted on their right to pick the bishops. The popes argued that bishops are primarily ecclesiastical offices and should be appointed and installed by them. This issue came to a head when Pope Gregory VII excommunicated Emperor Henry IV and tried to depose him, while Henry also tried to depose Gregory and even invaded Italy to make it stick. The issue was eventually resolved by their successors. But the basic question of whether the pope was over the emperor or the emperor over the pope continued to fester, sometimes resulting in war, excommunications, and the appointment of anti-popes.  In the context of these conflicts, Marsilius of Padua wrote his book. He took the imperial side, arguing that the Church had no jurisdiction in secular matters. It should interpret Scripture and define dogma, while secular affairs were the responsibility of the civil government, whose members were to be elected or appointed by the most important citizens. In the same way, he believed that clergy, including the pope, should be elected by the people or their representatives.   Even within the Church, papal authority was limited since supreme authority was vested in Church councils called by the emperor. Marsilius also argued that tithes should be eliminated, Church property should be seized by the government, and clergy should live in holy poverty. Marsilius's work was supported by prominent Franciscans, including William of Ockham, who championed the ideal of apostolic poverty, and was later promoted by Thomas Cromwell to support Henry VIII during the English Reformation.  Defensor Pacis was an important step in advancing ideas of popular sovereignty and democracy, though it implicitly supported imperial authority. Despite its anticlericalism, it made important contributions to ideas about the proper relationship between Church and state. Given current debates about Christendom and Christian Nationalism, studying historical works like Defensor Pacis could enrich our understanding of the place of the Church in civil society.  This Breakpoint was co-authored by Dr. Glenn Sunshine. For more resources to live like a Christian in this cultural moment, go to breakpoint.org. 

Joshua Hochschild is Professor of Philosophy and Director of Philosophy, Politics and Economics at Mount St. Mary's University, where he also served six years as the inaugural Dean of the College of Liberal Arts. His primary research is in medieval logic, metaphysics, and ethics, with broad interest in liberal education and the continuing relevance of the Catholic intellectual tradition. He is the author of The Semantics of Analogy: Rereading Cajetan's De Nominum Analogia (2010), translator of Claude Panaccio's Mental Language: From Plato to William of Ockham (2017), and co-author of A Mind at Peace: Reclaiming an Ordered Soul in the Age of Distraction (2017). His writing has appeared in First Things, Commonweal, Modern Age and the Wall Street Journal. For 2020-21 he served as President of the American Catholic Philosophical Association.

This lecture was given on November 3rd, 2023, at Youngstown State University. For more information on upcoming events, visit us at thomisticinstitute.org/upcoming-events About the speaker: Joshua Hochschild is Professor of Philosophy and Director of Philosophy, Politics and Economics at Mount St. Mary's University, where he also served six years as the inaugural Dean of the College of Liberal Arts. His primary research is in medieval logic, metaphysics, and ethics, with broad interest in liberal education and the continuing relevance of the Catholic intellectual tradition. He is the author of The Semantics of Analogy: Rereading Cajetan's De Nominum Analogia (2010), translator of Claude Panaccio's Mental Language: From Plato to William of Ockham (2017), and co-author of A Mind at Peace: Reclaiming an Ordered Soul in the Age of Distraction (2017). His writing has appeared in First Things, Commonweal, Modern Age and the Wall Street Journal. For 2020-21 he served as President of the American Catholic Philosophical Association.

Summary Alan Kohler joins Andrew to discuss the FBI's counterintelligence division. He is a recipient of the FBI Director's Award for Outstanding Counterintelligence Investigation.  ***FULL SHOWNOTES AVAILABLE HERE*** What You'll Learn Intelligence -Counterintelligence vs. Counterespionage -How the FBI recruit's foreign agents  -Ideological motivations behind spying -Effect of technology on counterintelligence Reflections -Staying grounded under pressure  -The value of creativity Notes Alan Kohler (LinkedIn, Website) has been the FBI Assistant Director for Counterintelligence since 2020. Alan and Andrew (Twitter; LinkedIn) talk all things counterintelligence. ***FULL RESOURCES AVAILABLE HERE*** *SpyCasts* -The FBI & Cyber with Cyber Division Chief Bryan Vorndran, Part 1 (2022) -The FBI & Cyber with Cyber Division Chief Bryan Vorndran, Part 2 (2022) -My Global Career as a Female FBI Agent with Kathy Stearman (2021) -The FBI Way with Counterintelligence Spy Chief Frank Figliuzzi (2021) ***FULL RESOURCES AVAILABLE HERE*** *Beginner Resources* -What We Investigate, FBI (n.d.) [webpage] -FAQ'S, FBI (n.d.) [webpage] -US Opens Counterintelligence Investigation into China Every 12 Hours (Dir. Wray), MSNBC (2022) [video] -What We Know About China's Spy Agency, Bloomberg Originals (2019) [video] -Hollow Nickel/Rudolf Abel, FBI (n.d.) [Article] -NCSC Mission, Vision, and Goals, ODNI (n.d.) [Website] Glossary:  -Counterintelligence: Information gathered, and activities conducted to identify, deceive, exploit, disrupt, or protect against espionage or other intelligence activities -FBI Attaché: a special agent assigned to a U.S. embassy or consulate overseas to liaise with local law enforcement and intelligence agencies. They pursue terrorist, intelligence, and criminal threats with international dimensions.  -Occam's Razor: a rule of thumb theory that states when you are faced with competing explanations for the same phenomenon, the simplest one is probably the correct one. Attributed to William of Ockham, a 14th century English theologian.  ***FULL RESOURCES AVAILABLE HERE***