Podcasts about nernst

Chemistry 223 Video Lecture from May 19, 2025. This video covers material from Chapter 17 including using the Faraday constant F, deltaG and E, E and K, quantitative electrochemistry, the Nernst equation, types of batteries and more. CH 223 website: http://mhchem.org/223 Let me know if you have any questions! Peace!

Differences in ion concentrations inside and outside a cell cause a difference in the charge of the intracellular and extracellular environments. This electrical polarization of a cell relative to its environment is referred to as cellular membrane potential. This potential serves as an energy source for a variety of cellular functions and as a way for excitable cells like muscle cells and neurons to communicate their signals. A cell controls its membrane potential by regulating the concentration of multiple ions and other charged particles. Let's take a closer look at the biochemistry behind the cell membrane potential. After listening to this AudioBrick, you should be able to: Define equilibrium and describe the forces at work on ions across a biological membrane. Discuss the importance of the Nernst equation and equilibrium potentials. Describe the importance of Na-K-ATPase in relation to the resting membrane potential (Vr). Describe the nonequilibrium steady-state (NESS). Define and discuss the chord conductance equation. You can also check out the original brick from our Cellular Biology collection, which is available for free. Learn more about Rx Bricks by signing up for a free USMLE-Rx account: www.usmle-rx.com You will get 5 days of full access to our Rx360+ program, including nearly 800 Rx Bricks.  After the 5-day period, you will still be able to access over 150 free bricks, including the entire collections for General Microbiology and Cellular and Molecular Biology. *** If you enjoyed this episode, we'd love for you to leave a review on Apple Podcasts.  It helps with our visibility, and the more med students (or future med students) listen to the podcast, the more we can provide to the future physicians of the world. Follow USMLE-Rx at: Facebook: www.facebook.com/usmlerx Blog: www.firstaidteam.com Twitter: https://twitter.com/firstaidteam Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/firstaidteam/ YouTube: www.youtube.com/USMLERX Learn how you can access over 150 of our bricks for FREE: https://usmlerx.wpengine.com/free-bricks/

Chemistry 223 Video Lecture from May 20, 2024. This video covers material from Chapter 17 of our textbook including reduction potentials, potentials and deltaG, the Nernst equation, quantitative electrochemistry, and more. CH 223 website: http://mhchem.org/223 Let me know if you have any questions! Peace!

Creo que no está mal recordar los 4 principios de la termodinámica poniendo ejemplos sencillos fáciles de comprender. Puede servirte de recordatorio, e incluso utilizarlo con tus hijos o tus alumnos en el caso de que los tengas, ya sabes que para ellos oírlo proveniente de un podcast puede aumentar su interés. La termodinámica es una rama fundamental de la física que estudia la relación entre el calor, el trabajo y otras formas de energía. Los principios de la termodinámica establecen las reglas fundamentales que rigen los procesos energéticos en sistemas físicos. A continuación, se presentan los cuatro principios de la termodinámica: 1. Primer principio de la termodinámica (ley de la conservación de la energía): Este principio establece que la energía total en un sistema aislado permanece constante con el tiempo. En otras palabras, la energía no puede ser creada ni destruida, solo transformada de una forma a otra. 2. Segundo principio de la termodinámica: Este principio establece que el calor no puede transferirse de un cuerpo de menor temperatura a un cuerpo de mayor temperatura sin la intervención de un trabajo externo. En otras palabras, el calor siempre fluye naturalmente desde una región de mayor temperatura hacia una de menor temperatura. Una forma de expresar el segundo principio es a través del concepto de entropía, que tiende a aumentar en sistemas cerrados. 3. Tercer principio de la termodinámica: Este principio establece que es imposible alcanzar la temperatura del cero absoluto mediante un número finito de procesos termodinámicos. El cero absoluto es la temperatura más baja posible, en la que las moléculas no tienen movimiento térmico. Este principio proporciona una limitación fundamental sobre la capacidad de enfriar un sistema a temperaturas extremadamente bajas. 4. Cuarto principio de la termodinámica (ley de Nernst o principio del calor residual): Este principio establece que es imposible alcanzar el cero absoluto en un número finito de pasos adiabáticos. Proporciona una restricción sobre la posibilidad de alcanzar el cero absoluto a través de procesos adiabáticos reversibles. Estos principios de la termodinámica son fundamentales para comprender el comportamiento de los sistemas físicos en relación con la energía, el calor y el trabajo. Permiten analizar y predecir una amplia gama de fenómenos naturales y tecnológicos en diversas áreas de la ciencia y la ingeniería. Puedes leer más y comentar en mi web, en el enlace directo: https://luisbermejo.com/templarios-en-espana-zz-podcast-05x30/ Puedes encontrarme y comentar o enviar tu mensaje o preguntar en: WhatsApp: +34 613031122 Paypal: https://paypal.me/Bermejo Bizum: +34613031122 Web: https://luisbermejo.com Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ZZPodcast/ X (twitters): https://x.com/LuisBermejo y https://x.com/zz_podcast Instagrams: https://www.instagram.com/luisbermejo/ y https://www.instagram.com/zz_podcast/ Canal Telegram: https://t.me/ZZ_Podcast Canal WhatsApp: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va89ttE6buMPHIIure1H Grupo Signal: https://signal.group/#CjQKIHTVyCK430A0dRu_O55cdjRQzmE1qIk36tCdsHHXgYveEhCuPeJhP3PoAqEpKurq_mAc Grupo Whatsapp: https://chat.whatsapp.com/FQadHkgRn00BzSbZzhNviThttps://chat.whatsapp.com/BNHYlv0p0XX7K4YOrOLei0

Creo que no está mal recordar los 4 principios de la termodinámica poniendo ejemplos sencillos fáciles de comprender. Puede servirte de recordatorio, e incluso utilizarlo con tus hijos o tus alumnos en el caso de que los tengas, ya sabes que para ellos oírlo proveniente de un podcast puede aumentar su interés. La termodinámica es una rama fundamental de la física que estudia la relación entre el calor, el trabajo y otras formas de energía. Los principios de la termodinámica establecen las reglas fundamentales que rigen los procesos energéticos en sistemas físicos. A continuación, se presentan los cuatro principios de la termodinámica: 1. Primer principio de la termodinámica (ley de la conservación de la energía): Este principio establece que la energía total en un sistema aislado permanece constante con el tiempo. En otras palabras, la energía no puede ser creada ni destruida, solo transformada de una forma a otra. 2. Segundo principio de la termodinámica: Este principio establece que el calor no puede transferirse de un cuerpo de menor temperatura a un cuerpo de mayor temperatura sin la intervención de un trabajo externo. En otras palabras, el calor siempre fluye naturalmente desde una región de mayor temperatura hacia una de menor temperatura. Una forma de expresar el segundo principio es a través del concepto de entropía, que tiende a aumentar en sistemas cerrados. 3. Tercer principio de la termodinámica: Este principio establece que es imposible alcanzar la temperatura del cero absoluto mediante un número finito de procesos termodinámicos. El cero absoluto es la temperatura más baja posible, en la que las moléculas no tienen movimiento térmico. Este principio proporciona una limitación fundamental sobre la capacidad de enfriar un sistema a temperaturas extremadamente bajas. 4. Cuarto principio de la termodinámica (ley de Nernst o principio del calor residual): Este principio establece que es imposible alcanzar el cero absoluto en un número finito de pasos adiabáticos. Proporciona una restricción sobre la posibilidad de alcanzar el cero absoluto a través de procesos adiabáticos reversibles. Estos principios de la termodinámica son fundamentales para comprender el comportamiento de los sistemas físicos en relación con la energía, el calor y el trabajo. Permiten analizar y predecir una amplia gama de fenómenos naturales y tecnológicos en diversas áreas de la ciencia y la ingeniería. Puedes leer más y comentar en mi web, en el enlace directo: https://luisbermejo.com/templarios-en-espana-zz-podcast-05x30/ Puedes encontrarme y comentar o enviar tu mensaje o preguntar en: WhatsApp: +34 613031122 Paypal: https://paypal.me/Bermejo Bizum: +34613031122 Web: https://luisbermejo.com Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ZZPodcast/ X (twitters): https://x.com/LuisBermejo y https://x.com/zz_podcast Instagrams: https://www.instagram.com/luisbermejo/ y https://www.instagram.com/zz_podcast/ Canal Telegram: https://t.me/ZZ_Podcast Canal WhatsApp: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va89ttE6buMPHIIure1H Grupo Signal: https://signal.group/#CjQKIHTVyCK430A0dRu_O55cdjRQzmE1qIk36tCdsHHXgYveEhCuPeJhP3PoAqEpKurq_mAc Grupo Whatsapp: https://chat.whatsapp.com/FQadHkgRn00BzSbZzhNviThttps://chat.whatsapp.com/BNHYlv0p0XX7K4YOrOLei0

Chemistry 223 Video Lecture from May 26, 2023. This video covers material from Chapter 17 including quantitative electrochemistry, the Nernst equation, types of batteries, and more. CH 223 website: http://mhchem.org/223 Let me know if you have any questions! Peace!

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2022.12.03.518978v1?rss=1 Authors: Stoll, E. A. Abstract: Neuronal populations in the cerebral cortex engage in probabilistic coding, effectively encoding the state of the surrounding environment with high accuracy and extraordinary energy efficiency. A new approach models the inherently probabilistic nature of cortical neuron signaling outcomes as a thermodynamic process of non-deterministic computation. A mean field approach is used, with the trial Hamiltonian maximizing free energy and minimizing the net quantity of temperature-entropy, compared with a reference Hamiltonian. Thermodynamic quantities are always conserved during the computation; free energy must be expended to produce information, and free energy is released during information compression, as correlations are identified between the encoding system and its surrounding environment. Due to the relationship between the Gibbs free energy equation and the Nernst equation, any increase in free energy is paired with a local decrease in membrane potential. As a result, this process of thermodynamic computation adjusts the likelihood of each neuron firing an action potential. This model shows that non-deterministic signaling outcomes can be achieved by noisy cortical neurons, through an energy-efficient computational process that involves optimally redistributing a Hamiltonian over some time evolution. Calculations demonstrate that the energy efficiency of the human brain is consistent with this model of non-deterministic computation, with net entropy production far too low to retain the assumptions of a classical system. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

This topic has been chosen from the book, Analytical Chemistry ", written by G. D. Christan and others. Topic: Potentiometric electrodes and potentiometry. Learning objectives: Types of electrodes and electrode potentials from the Nernst equation. Liquid junctions and junction potentials. Reference electrodes. Accuracy of potentiometric measurements. The pH glass electrodes. Standard buffers and the accuracy of pH measurements. The pH meter. Ion-selective electrodes. The selectivity coefficient.

This chapter is the part from the book, "Analytical Chemistry", written by G. D. Christian and others. Topic: Electrochemical cells and electrode potential. Learning points: Voltaic cells, Using standard potentials to predict reactions, Anode, Cathode and cell voltages. The Nernst equation. Calculating electrode potential s before and after reactions. The formal potential.

La "conductividad de Nernst" es un fenómeno descubierto en la última parte del siglo XIX. Gracias a un trabajo reciente, este fenómeno (que solo se había usado en casos muy especiales) podría convertirse en el futuro en un mecanismo efectivo, barato y seguro para producir grandes cantidades de electricidad, a cualquier hora y en cualquier clima. Gracias por sus comentarios y apoyo, recuerde que puede apoyarnos donando en PayPal https://www.paypal.com con el correo elexplicadorpatrocinio@gmail.com y en Patreon en El Explicador Enrique Ganem https://www.patreon.com/elexplicador_enriqueganem . Lo invitamos a suscribirse a este canal para recibir avisos de nuevas publicaciones y a visitar nuestra página http://www.elexplicador.net. En el titulo de nuestros trabajos aparece en primer lugar la fecha año/mes/día de publicación, lo que facilita su consulta cronológica. Siempre leemos sus comentarios, muchas veces no tenemos tiempo para reponder a cada uno personalmente pero son leídos y tomados en cuenta, los iremos respondiendo según nos sea posible. Este es un espacio de divulgación científica en el que nos interesa informar de forma clara y amena, que le invite a Ud. a investigar sobre los temas tratados y Ud. forme su propia opinión. Serán borrados los comentarios que promuevan la desinformación, charlatanería, odio, bullying, violencia verbal o incluyan enlaces a páginas que no sean de revistas científicas arbitradas, sean ofensivos hacia cualquier persona o promuevan alguna tendencia política ya sea en el comentario o en la fotografía de perfil. Aclaramos que no somos apolíticos, nos reservamos el derecho de no expresar nuestra opinión política, este es un canal cuya finalidad es la divulgación científica. Gracias por su preferencia. AVISO: En la área inferior de nuestros vídeos aparece un recuadro de la Secretaría de Salud con una liga, queremos aclarar que estos letreros aparecen sin nuestro conocimiento o notificación previa alguna y que no nos están patrocinando en forma alguna. ACLARACIÓN IMPORTANTE: El virus SARS- CoV-2 y la enfermedad COVID-19 SI EXISTEN, SON REALES. Le sugerimos que siga atentamente las recomendaciones de la Secretaría de Salud: higiene, mascarilla o tapaboca cuando salga de su domicilio y sobre todo quédese en casa cuando no sea indispensable salir.

Differences in ion concentrations inside and outside a cell cause a difference in the charge of the intracellular and extracellular environments. This electrical polarization of a cell relative to its environment is referred to as cellular membrane potential. This potential serves as an energy source for a variety of cellular functions and as a way for excitable cells like muscle cells and neurons to communicate their signals. A cell controls its membrane potential by regulating the concentration of multiple ions and other charged particles. Let's take a closer look at the biochemistry behind the cell membrane potential. After listening to this AudioBrick, you should be able to: Define equilibrium and describe the forces at work on ions across a biological membrane. Discuss the importance of the Nernst equation and equilibrium potentials. Describe the importance of Na-K-ATPase in relation to the resting membrane potential (Vr). Describe the nonequilibrium steady-state (NESS). Define and discuss the chord conductance equation. You can also check out the original brick from our Cellular Biology collection, which is available for free. Learn more about Rx Bricks by signing up for a free USMLE-Rx account: www.usmle-rx.com You will get 5 days of full access to our Rx360+ program, including nearly 800 Rx Bricks.  After the 5-day period, you will still be able to access over 150 free bricks, including the entire collections for General Microbiology and Cellular and Molecular Biology. *** If you enjoyed this episode, we'd love for you to leave a review on Apple Podcasts.  It helps with our visibility, and the more med students (or future med students) listen to the podcast, the more we can provide to the future physicians of the world. Follow USMLE-Rx at: Facebook: www.facebook.com/usmlerx Blog: www.firstaidteam.com Twitter: https://twitter.com/firstaidteam Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/firstaidteam/ YouTube: www.youtube.com/USMLERX Learn how you can access over 150 of our bricks for FREE: https://usmlerx.wpengine.com/free-bricks/

Walther Nernst, winner of the 1920 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. Broadcast on OAR 105.4FM Dunedin www.oar.org.nz

13h20 : Les deux vies d'Abel Barbin, né Adélaïde Herculine (1838-1868) Seul manuscrit connu d'un.e hermaphrodite au XIXe siècle, les Souvenirs d'Adélaïde Herculine, dite Alexina Barbin, ont été publiés en 1978 par Michel Foucault sans que l'anonymat des personnes et des lieux jalonnant son parcours n'ait pu être levé. Il en a été de même lors des rééditions de ce texte iconique dans l'histoire de la transidentité. Une recherche approfondie dans les archives a permis de reconstituer avec précision la jeunesse de la pieuse Barbin en Charente-Maritime. De l'hospice au couvent, du cours normal d'institutrices à son premier poste, de son départ pour Paris à son suicide, Adélaïde Herculine devenue Abel livre une part de ses mystères. Accompagné d'un essai sur les « erreurs de sexe », qui la.le replace dans l'histoire des intersexes au XIXe siècle, l'ouvrage interroge la pertinence de l'ordre sexuel binaire, à l'heure où se développe le militantisme en faveur d'une fluidité transidentitaire et où de nombreux pays légalisent un « troisième » ou « autre » sexe. Invitée : Gabrielle Houbre est historienne à l'Université de Paris. Spécialiste en histoire sociale et culturelle et en études de genre, elle travaille sur la sexualité et la transidentité. « Les deux vies d'Abel Barbin, né Adélaïde Herculine (1838-1868) » aux Editions PUF 14 heures : La naissance de la physique quantique (2/5) « Les plus grands savants de l'époque sont réunis à Bruxelles. C'était lors du premier congrès Solvay de 1911. Einstein, Curie, Nernst, Lorentz, Planck discutent des quanta. Un étrange phénomène qui est en parfait désaccord avec la physique classique. C'est le début d'une véritable révolution qui permettra la naissance de notre physique moderne, la mécanique quantique. » Une série réalisée par Cécile Poss avec les voix d'Einstein, Max Planck, Niels Bohr en archives et plus récemment Etienne Klein et Michel Cazenave

A screencast from Chapter 17 in CH 223 which looks at the Nernst equation which is used to find cell potentials under non-standard conditions. https://mhchem.org/223/classroom/zAudio/Ch20hNernstEq.mp4

Hello and welcome to another illuminating episode of fun and frivolity with those goofballs from Nerds Amalgamated. First up we have a story about how Nintendo are crashing Roku devices. That’s right, Nintendo have an issue with Pokémon Sword and Shield that is causing Roku to crash and shut down. Now if you want to know more you will need to listen in and then you can tell us what you think in our Facebook group if you think Buck is being to grumpy.Next up we have the start of Jurassic Park with a beetle trapped in amber. That’s right, a real beetle trapped in amber. This one in particular is historical due to a few important factors, such as the age of the beetle. Would you believe it was around almost 100 million years ago? That’s right and it played an important part in the local ecology. Want to know how the listen in for our second story and then tell us what was your favourite part of the Jurassic Park movies?Last up we have those poor people at Disney having to vault movies to try and increase the value and increase the margins. That’s right, since Disney the evil organization seeing world domination have bought Fox media they have begun to reduce access to Fox movies to create a false scarcity. This is only one of the underhanded things that they are doing, if you want to know more you know what to do. Also let us know what you think about these dirty tricks by Disney in our group.Pokémon Sword and Shield crashing Roku devices - https://www.cnet.com/how-to/pokemon-sword-and-shield-are-making-rokus-crash-nintendo-switch/A beetle in amber - https://www.futurity.org/beetle-in-amber-first-flower-pollination-2208542-2/Fox Movies being vaulted by Disney - https://www.vulture.com/2019/10/disney-is-quietly-placing-classic-fox-movies-into-its-vault.htmlGames currently playingBuck– Spyro - https://store.steampowered.com/app/996580/Spyro_Reignited_Trilogy/Rating – 4.5/5Prof– DNPDJ– Age of Empires Definitive Edition bundle - https://store.steampowered.com/bundle/11831/Age_of_Empires_Definitive_Edition_Bundle/Rating – 4/5Other Topics DiscussedReddit post on Pokemon Sword & Shield crashing roku devices- https://www.reddit.com/r/pokemon/comments/dxc5yg/psa_pokemon_swordshield_causes_roku_devices_on/Roku (Digital Media Player)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RokuSuper Smash Bros. Ultimate (2018 crossoverfighting game developed by Bandai Namco Studios and Sora Ltd., and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Switch)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Smash_Bros._UltimateLink (Legend of Zelda character)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Link_(The_Legend_of_Zelda)Pebble (discontinued smartwatch developed by Pebble Technology Corporation)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pebble_(watch)Pokémon Sword and Shield Pokédex cut can be permanent- https://www.techradar.com/au/news/pokemon-sword-and-shields-pokedex-cut-could-be-permanentPokémon Sword and Shield Pokédex restored by hackers- https://www.polygon.com/2019/11/18/20970489/pokemon-sword-shield-hacking-modding-national-dex-cut-monsters-nintendo-switchHelium leak disables iPhones- https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/gye4aw/why-a-helium-leak-disabled-every-iphone-in-a-medical-facilityThe Magic Switch- http://catb.org/jargon/html/magic-story.htmlPterodactylus (extinct genus of pterosaurs, whose members are commonly known as pterodactyls)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PterodactylusPollination of Cretaceous flowers (Article by Tong Bao, Bo Wang, Jianguo Li, and David Dilcher)- https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2019/11/05/1916186116Witchetty Grub (term used in Australia for the large, white, wood-eating larvae of several moths)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witchetty_grubCopyright infringement (colloquially referred to as piracy)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright_infringementMore details on Disney vaulting 20th Century Fox Movies- https://collider.com/disney-vault-20th-century-fox-movies/Baby Driver’s Edgar Wright Isn’t Happy About Disney Putting Fox’s Movies In The Vault- https://www.cinemablend.com/news/2484090/baby-drivers-edgar-wright-isnt-happy-about-disney-putting-foxs-movies-in-the-vaultArtificial Scarcity (the scarcity of items that exists even though either the technology for production or the sharing capacity exists to create a theoretically limitless or at least greater quantity of production than currently exists)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_scarcitySony keeping Spiderman- https://variety.com/2019/film/news/sony-marvel-tom-holland-spider-man-1203351489/Fox Searchlight Pictures (American film studio that is a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Studios, a division of The Walt Disney Company)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fox_Searchlight_PicturesJoJo Rabbit (2019 American satirical black comedy film written and directed by Taika Waititi, based on Christine Leunens's book Caging Skies)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jojo_RabbitGuy Ritchie (English film director, film producer, screenwriter, and businessman, known for his British gangster films)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy_RitchieAladdin (2019 American musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Pictures)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aladdin_(2019_film)Age of Empire 2 old intro- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_rS_n3JVTPEWololo sound effect- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jNTxlafhWYoGlenn Martin, DDS (American/Canadian adult stop-motion animated sitcom that premiered on Nick at Nite on August 17, 2009)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glenn_Martin,_DDSMusicals Taught Me Everything I Know (TNC Podcast)- https://thatsnotcanon.com/mtmeikShoutouts16 Nov 1902 - Brooklyn toymaker Morris Michtom named the teddy bear after US President Teddy Roosevelt. It was named in honor of President Theodore Roosevelt, after he refused to shoot a bear during a Mississippi hunting trip in November 1902. During the trip, guides clubbed a bear and tied it to a tree then invited the president to shoot it; instead, Roosevelt, an avid outdoorsman and hunter, declined, saying it would be unsportsmanlike to kill a defenseless animal that way. - https://www.nps.gov/thrb/learn/historyculture/storyofteddybear.htm18 Nov 1926 - Writer and playwright George Bernard Shaw refused to accept money from the Nobel Prize. Shaw initially wanted to refuse the Nobel Prize in general, in line with his principle of not receiving public recognition, but his wife convinced him to receive the award. - https://history.info/on-this-day/1926-why-did-george-bernard-shaw-refuse-the-money-from-the-nobel-prize/18 Nov 2019 – Shoutout to the firefighters, SES, Ambulance services, Police, RSPCA & other services - https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-7703587/Australia-scorched-125-year-heatwave-bushfires-continue-burn.html20 Nov 2019 - Dr Karl Kruszelnicki is being awarded the 2019 UNESCO Kalinga Prize for the Popularisation of Science. Dr Karl is the first Australian to win the prize, which he received in recognition of his "longstanding commitment to fire up people's curiosity for science and share his passion for the subject". He prides himself on being able to explain in minutes concepts or ideas that take him hours to research and understand. - https://www.abc.net.au/news/science/2019-11-20/dr-karl-kruszelnicki-unesco-award-science-communication/11717044Remembrances18 Nov 1962 - Niels Henrik David Bohr, Danish physicist who made foundational contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum theory, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922. Bohr was also a philosopher and a promoter of scientific research. Bohr developed the Bohr model of the atom, in which he proposed that energy levels of electrons are discrete and that the electrons revolve in stable orbits around the atomic nucleus but can jump from one energy level (or orbit) to another. Bohr was involved with the establishment of CERN and the Research Establishment Risø of the Danish Atomic Energy Commission and became the first chairman of the Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics in 1957. He died from heart failure at the age of 77 in Copenhagen - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niels_Bohr18 Nov 1941 - Walther Hermann Nernst, German chemist known for his work in thermodynamics, physical chemistry, electrochemistry and solid state physics. His formulation of the Nernst heat theorem helped pave the way for the third law of thermodynamics, for which he won the 1920 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He is also known for developing the Nernst equation in 1887. Nernst developed an electric piano, the "Neo-Bechstein-Flügel" in 1930 in association with the Bechstein and Siemens companies, replacing the sounding board with vacuum tube amplifiers. The piano used electromagnetic pickups to produce electronically modified and amplified sound in the same way as an electric guitar. He died from a heart attack at the age of 77 in Zibelle, Landkreis Rothenburg, Gau Lower Silesia or present-day Niwica, Lubusz Voivodeship - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walther_Nernst18 Nov 2017 - Malcolm Young, Australian musician and songwriter, best known as a co-founder, rhythm guitarist, backing vocalist and songwriter for the hard rock band AC/DC. Except for a brief absence in 1988, he was with the band from its November 1973 beginning until retiring in 2014 due to health reasons. Young and the other members of AC/DC were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2003. Malcolm was described as the driving force and the leader of the band. In 2014, he stated that despite his retirement from the band, AC/DC was determined to continue making music with his blessing. As the rhythm guitarist, he was responsible for the broad sweep of the band's sound, developing many of their guitar riffs and co-writing the band's material with Angus. He died from dementia at the age of 64 in Elizabeth Bay, New South Wales - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malcolm_YoungFamous Birthdays18 Nov 1939 - Margaret Eleanor Atwood, Canadian poet, novelist, literary critic, essayist, inventor, teacher, and environmental activist. Since 1961, she has published 17 books of poetry, 16 novels, 10 books of non-fiction, eight collections of short fiction, eight children's books, and one graphic novel, as well as a number of small press editions in poetry and fiction. Atwood is also the inventor and developer of the LongPen and associated technologies that facilitate remote robotic writing of documents. Several of her works have been adapted for film and television, increasing her exposure. Atwood's works encompass a variety of themes including gender and identity, religion and myth, the power of language, climate change, and "power politics". Many of her poems are inspired by myths and fairy tales which interested her from a very early age. She was born in Ottawa,Ontario - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Atwood18 Nov 1953 - Kevin Nealon, American comedian and actor. He was a cast member on Saturday Night Live from 1986 to 1995, acted in several of the Happy Madison films, played Doug Wilson on the Showtime series Weeds, and provided the voice of the title character, Glenn Martin, on Glenn Martin, DDS. He was born in St. Louis, Missouri - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Nealon18 Nov 1961 - Steven Moffat, Scottish television writer and producer. He is best known for his work as showrunner, writer and executive producer of two BBC One series: the science fiction television series Doctor Who, and the contemporary crime drama television series Sherlock, based on Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes stories. In 2015, Moffat was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire for his services to drama. He was born in Paisley - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steven_MoffatEvents of Interest17 Nov 1999 - Sleepy Hollow came out, it earned decent reviews and doing solid business. Burton fanatics who loved his creepy aesthetic were thrilled to finally have a true horror film from the director at last. - https://nerdist.com/article/sleepy-hollow-tim-burton-20th-anniversary/18 Nov 1865 – Mark Twain's short story "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" is published in the New York Saturday Press where it appeared as "Jim Smiley and His Jumping Frog". In it, the narrator retells a story he heard from a bartender, Simon Wheeler, at the Angels Hotel in Angels Camp, California, about the gambler Jim Smiley. The narrator describes him: "If he even seen a straddle bug start to go anywheres, he would bet you how long it would take him to get to wherever he going to, and if you took him up, he would foller that straddle bug to Mexico but what he would find out where he was bound for and how long he was on the road." - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Celebrated_Jumping_Frog_of_Calaveras_County18 Nov 1978 - In Jonestown, Guyana, Jim Jones led his Peoples Temple to a mass murder–suicide that claimed 918 lives in all, 909 of them in Jonestown itself, including over 270 children. Congressman Leo Ryan is murdered by members of the Peoples Temple hours earlier. Jonestown resulted in the largest single loss of American civilian life in a deliberate act until September 11, 2001. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonestown18 Nov 2015 - "Kangaroo Dundee" wildlife TV series premieres featuring Brolga and Roger the ripped Kangaroo on BBC Two - https://www.onthisday.com/date/2015/november/18IntroArtist – Goblins from MarsSong Title – Super Mario - Overworld Theme (GFM Trap Remix)Song Link - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-GNMe6kF0j0&index=4&list=PLHmTsVREU3Ar1AJWkimkl6Pux3R5PB-QJFollow us onFacebook- Page - https://www.facebook.com/NerdsAmalgamated/- Group - https://www.facebook.com/groups/440485136816406/Twitter - https://twitter.com/NAmalgamatedSpotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/6Nux69rftdBeeEXwD8GXrSiTunes - https://itunes.apple.com/au/podcast/top-shelf-nerds/id1347661094RSS - http://www.thatsnotcanonproductions.com/topshelfnerdspodcast?format=rssInstagram - https://www.instagram.com/nerds_amalgamated/General EnquiriesEmail - Nerds.Amalgamated@gmail.com

We wear horn-rimmed glasses with a heavy duty lens, button down shirts and a pocket full of pens. That’s right the Nerds are back again with another episode that some may say is entertaining, a few might go so far as to describe it as educational, but it is Nerd operated and focused. This week we don’t have a fabulous show for you all, sorry, no it is in fact AWESOME!!! We have some absolutely mind blowing news that is as revolutionary as going from an 8 bit operating system to a 32 bit IBM back in the 70’s. First up Buck has news about the English finally realising that the areas around solar farms etc can actually be used as green space and help provide habitat for the endangered wildlife. We don’t mean the DJ after he gets a bit of static electricity from scuffing his feet in the wool carpet either. No, we mean birds and the like that some grotty people have destroyed the homes of. This sparks the discussion of how can we implement similar measures to improve society. Have you heard about the bladeless wind turbines? We have and even have a link, they are so cool and even more environmentally friendly. Next up is the Professor with child soldier. Oops, sorry, that is supposed to read Call of Duty Modern Warfare (the latest of the latest of the most recent up to date Modern Warfare – we think). Yep, if you are still wondering why the put in the Airport chapter in the other Modern warfare (don’t ask or we will look at you like a dog when you do something silly) we have something equally confronting, pointless and kind strange even. No not DJ either for those smarty pants who were going to say it. Nope, they have child soldiers in the latest instalment of, oh you get the drift. Well apparently some people are upset about it, surprise surprise surprise, you just put on the Robin Williams voice for that didn’t you. Well we talk about this and Mobile Suit Gundam, how do these topics link? Listen in, and find out. The next topic is about the Zoids franchise delivering a new manga series for us all to enjoy. That’s right folks, a new series to further expand your library, your mind, and lighten your wallet. We are still light on the details but hopefully it is going to maintain that high level of fun, entertainment and action that we all love. Now, for the Marvel fans we apologise (Buck says no we don’t); but, Batman is getting a star on the Hollywood walk of fame. That’s right, the caped crusader is being recognised and celebrated. The first Super hero to be so recognised, and it is DC first once again. This is part of our usual line up of shout outs, remembrances, birthdays and special events. We hope you enjoy, take care of yourselves and look out for each other, remember to stay hydrated, catch you all next Bat time, on the same Bat channel.EPISODE NOTES:Solar Farms - https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/mar/07/solar-farms-to-create-natural-habitats-for-threatened-british-speciesCall of Duty modern warfare’s child soldier - https://www.greenmangaming.com/newsroom/2019/06/21/call-of-duty-modern-warfares-child-soldier-level-raises-eyebrows/Zoids franchise gets a new manga - https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2019-06-23/zoids-franchise-gets-new-manga-in-august/.148187Games currently playingProfessor– My Friend Pedro - https://www.nintendo.com/games/detail/my-friend-pedro-switch/Buck– Assassin’s Creed 2 - https://store.steampowered.com/app/33230/Assassins_Creed_2_Deluxe_Edition/DJ– Mortal Kombat 11 - https://www.playstation.com/en-us/games/mortal-kombat-11-ps4/Other topics discussed2016 South Australia Blackouts- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_South_Australian_blackoutBladeless wind turbinesPhoto- https://www.technologyreview.com/i/images/bladeless.turbinex392.jpg?sw=280Vortex Bladeless Turbine - https://vortexbladeless.com/Protest at South Brisbane- https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-06-27/brisbane-protestors-lock-themselves-together/11251358?WT.ac=localnews_brisbaneGerman nuclear power plants shutting down- https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-135922087 Years later, Fukushima is still leaking radioactive waste- https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2018/03/29/national/seven-years-radioactive-water-fukushima-plant-still-flowing-ocean-study-finds/Chernobyl (2019 HBO miniseries)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chernobyl_(miniseries)Off with the Fairies (That’s not Canon Podcast)- https://thatsnotcanon.com/offwiththefairiesFamous Assassinations- Georgi Markov: Death by Ricin via umbrella - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgi_Markov- Alexander Litvinenko: Death by radioactive polonium-210 poisoning - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Litvinenko- Other famous assassinations - https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/mar/06/poisoned-umbrellas-and-polonium-russian-linked-uk-deathsNo Russian (Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 mission)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_RussianSpec Ops: The Line’s new feature- https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2012-02-09-spec-ops-the-line-lets-you-shoot-unarmed-civilians-angry-mobsSongs of a War Boy by Deng Adut- https://www.amazon.com.au/Songs-War-Boy-bestselling-biography-ebook/dp/B01HDL3LI6Mobile Suit Gundam: Iron-Blooded Orphans (Mecha anime series)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_Suit_Gundam:_Iron-Blooded_OrphansFirst impressions of 2019 Call of Duty: Modern Warfare by Dean Takahashi- https://venturebeat.com/2019/05/30/call-of-duty-modern-warfare-impressions-taking-war-in-a-frightening-direction/Call of Duty: Black Ops 4 no single campaign- https://www.polygon.com/2018/5/18/17366980/call-of-duty-black-ops-4-no-single-player-campaignEA calls loot boxes “surprise mechanics”- https://www.pcgamer.com/au/ea-calls-loot-boxes-surprise-mechanics-and-compares-them-to-kinder-eggs/Zoids (Franchise)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZoidsZoids anime series in chronological order- Zoids: Chaotic Century (1999 anime series) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoids:_Chaotic_Century- Zoids: New Century (2001 anime series) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoids:_New_CenturyInternet Chat ProgramsIRC (Internet Chat Relay) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Relay_ChatICQ - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICQDial up internet- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dial-up_Internet_accessNapster (file sharing program)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NapsterChris Hemsworth gets a Hollywood star- https://metro.co.uk/2019/06/21/chris-hemsworth-scores-himself-a-star-on-the-hollywood-walk-of-fame-10023662/R.I.P Bryan Marshall (1938 – 2019)- Bio - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bryan_Marshall- Captain Talbot (007 character played by Bryan Marshall) - https://jamesbond.fandom.com/wiki/Commander_TalbotCriminal penguins narrated by David Attenborough- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M--8devfaaAShoutouts21 Jun 2019 - BATMAN Finally Gets a Star on HOLLYWOOD Walk of Fame - https://www.newsarama.com/45714-batman-finally-gets-a-star-on-hollywood-walk-of-fame.html24 Jun 2019 – 30 Years since Australia First Connected To The Internet - https://www.gizmodo.com.au/2019/06/30-years-since-australia-first-connected-to-the-internet-weve-come-a-long-way/25 Jun 2019 – 10 years since Michael Jackson died - https://news.yahoo.com/looking-back-michael-jacksons-legacy-195632565.htmlRemembrances25 Jun 1997 - Jacques Cousteau was a French naval officer, explorer, conservationist, filmmaker, innovator, scientist, photographer, author and researcher who studied the sea and all forms of life in water. He co-developed the Aqua-lung, pioneered marine conservation and was a member of the Académie française. Cousteau described his underwater world research in a series of books, perhaps the most successful being his first book, The Silent World: A Story of Undersea Discovery and Adventure, published in 1953. Cousteau also directed films, most notably the documentary adaptation of the book, The Silent World, which won a Palme d'or at the 1956 Cannes Film Festival. He died of a heart attack in Paris - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Cousteau25 Jun 2009 – Michael Jackson was an American singer, songwriter, and dancer. Dubbed the "King of Pop", he is regarded as one of the most significant cultural figures of the 20th century and one of the greatest entertainers. Jackson's contributions to music, dance, and fashion, along with his publicized personal life, made him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades. Michael made his professional debut in 1964 with his elder brothers Jackie,Tito,Jermaine, and Marlon as a member of the Jackson 5. He began his solo career in 1971 while at Motown Records, and in the early 1980s, became a dominant figure in popular music. His music videos, including those for "Beat It", "Billie Jean", and "Thriller" from his 1982 album Thriller. Through stage and video performances, Jackson popularized complicated dance techniques such as the robot and the moonwalk, to which he gave the name. His sound and style have influenced artists of various genres. He died of homicide at 50 in Los Angeles, California - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Jackson25 Jun 2011 - Annie Easley was a female African-American computer scientist, mathematician, and rocket scientist. She worked for the Lewis Research Center (now Glenn Research Center) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and its predecessor, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA). She was a leading member of the team which developed software for the Centaur rocket stage, and was one of the first African-Americans to work as a computer scientist at NASA. She died of natural causes in Cleveland, Ohio - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annie_EasleyFamous Birthdays25 Jun 1903 - George Orwell, was an English novelist and essayist, journalist and critic, whose work is characterised by lucid prose, awareness of social injustice, opposition to totalitarianism, and outspoken support of democratic socialism. As a writer, Orwell produced literary criticism and poetry, fiction and polemical journalism; and is best known for the allegorical novella Animal Farm and the dystopian novel Nineteen Eighty-Four. In 2008, The Times ranked George Orwell second among "The 50 greatest British writers, since 1945". Orwell's work remains influential in popular culture and in political culture, and the adjective "Orwellian" — describing totalitarian and authoritarian social practices — is part of the English language, like many of his neologisms, such as "Big Brother", "Thought Police", and "Hate week", "Room 101", the "memory hole", and "Newspeak", "doublethink" and "proles", "unperson" and "thoughtcrime". He was born in Motihari,Bengal Presidency which is present-day East Champaran, Bihar - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Orwell25 Jun 1928 – Peyo, Belgian cartoonist, best-known for his comic strips The Smurfs and Johan and Peewit, in which the Smurfs first appeared. In 1960, Peyo founded a studio to accommodate his assistants such as François Walthéry, Gos, and Marc Wasterlain and created the series Steven Strong and Jacky and Célestin. Peyo's output diminished in the 1970s, at first due to the time he invested in the film The Smurfs and the Magic Flute (1976); in the 1980s, he put in more time, despite recurring health problems, into an American adaptation of The Smurfs as an animated television series. He was born in Brussels - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peyo25 Jun 1864 - Walther Hermann Nernst, German chemist known for his work in thermodynamics, physical chemistry, electrochemistry, and solid state physics. His formulation of the Nernst heat theorem helped pave the way for thethird law of thermodynamics, for which he won the 1920 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He is also known for developing the Nernst equation in 1887. He was born in Briesen,West Prussia which is now Wąbrzeźno,Poland - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walther_NernstEvents of Interest23 Jun 1989 – Tim Burton’s Batman was released worldwide - https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/movies/batman-turns-30-all-of-the-big-screen-batmen-definitively-ranked-20190624-p520m4.html24 Jun 1994 – The Lion King was released worldwide - https://www.eonline.com/news/1049787/the-lion-king-turns-25-everything-you-need-to-know-about-disney-s-original-trip-to-pride-rock25 Jun 1678 – Venetian Elena Cornaro Piscopia is the first woman awarded a doctorate of philosophy when she graduates from the University of Padua. - https://wordsmusicandstories.wordpress.com/2017/06/25/25-june-1678-the-first-woman-who-graduated/25 Jun 2018 - Harley-Davidson plans to shift some motorcycle production away from the US to avoid the "substantial" burden of European Union tariffs. - https://www.bbc.com/news/business-44604280IntroArtist – Goblins from MarsSong Title – Super Mario - Overworld Theme (GFM Trap Remix)Song Link - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-GNMe6kF0j0&index=4&list=PLHmTsVREU3Ar1AJWkimkl6Pux3R5PB-QJFollow us on Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/NerdsAmalgamated/Email - Nerds.Amalgamated@gmail.comTwitter - https://twitter.com/NAmalgamatedSpotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/6Nux69rftdBeeEXwD8GXrSiTunes - https://itunes.apple.com/au/podcast/top-shelf-nerds/id1347661094RSS - http://www.thatsnotcanonproductions.com/topshelfnerdspodcast?format=rss

In part two of our conversation on what counts as an explanation in science, we pickup with special guest David Barack giving his thoughts on the "model–mechanism–mapping" criteria for explanation. This leads us into a lengthy discussion on explanatory versus phenomenological (or "descriptive") models. We ask if there truly is a distinction between these model classes or if a sufficiently good description will end up being explanatory. We illustrate these points with examples such as the Nernst equation, the Hodgkin-Huxley model of the action potential, and multiple uses of Difference of Gaussians in neuroscience. Throughout, we ask such burning questions as: can a model be explanatory if the people who made it thought it wasn't? are diagrams explanations? and, is gravity descriptive or mechanistic?

Nichts ist unmöglich? Erst recht in der Natur? Von wegen! Perfekte Ordnung, und die bräuchte man etwa für den absoluten Nullpunkt, gibt es schon mal nicht. Autor: Hellmuth Nordwig

AP Chemistry: Nernst Equation relates the effective concentrations of the components of a cell reaction to the standard cell potential.

Short video explaining how to calculate the cell potential under nonstandard conditions using the Nernst equation.

This short video shows the thermodynamic basis of the Nernst equation.