Podcast appearances and mentions of David Patterson

David Patterson, Ontario Representative in Washington; The Front Bench with: Brian Gallant, Lisa Raitt, Tom Mulcair & Laura Stone; Gary Anandasangaree, Public Safety Minister.

Dr. Rachel Fish discusses Israel education post-October 7th, while Dr. David Patterson and Dr. Cary Nelson examine the surge of anti-Israel sentiment on American campuses, with ISGAP leaders Charles Asher Small and David Harris.

Mike Le Couteur, CTV News; David Patterson, Ontario Representative in Washington; Joy Malbon, CTV News; The Front Bench with: Dan Moulton, Shakir Chambers, Kathleen Monk & Laura Stone.

David A. Patterson is a pioneering computer scientist known for his contributions to computer architecture, particularly as a co-developer of Reduced Instruction Set Computing, or RISC, which revolutionized processor design. He has co-authored multiple books, including the highly influential Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach. David is a UC Berkeley Pardee professor emeritus, a Google distinguished The post Turing Award Special: A Conversation with David Patterson appeared first on Software Engineering Daily.

David A. Patterson is a pioneering computer scientist known for his contributions to computer architecture, particularly as a co-developer of Reduced Instruction Set Computing, or RISC, which revolutionized processor design. He has co-authored multiple books, including the highly influential Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach. David is a UC Berkeley Pardee professor emeritus, a Google distinguished The post Turing Award Special: A Conversation with David Patterson appeared first on Software Engineering Daily.

Crystalina Evert has David Patterson from YES Catholic on to talk about his work there and conversion. Yes Catholic is a place where people are able to share their story of how they gave their yes to Jesus and His Church.

Crystalina Evert has David Patterson from YES Catholic on to talk about his work there and conversion. Yes Catholic is a place where people are able to share their story of how they gave their yes to Jesus and His Church.

Vassy is joined by CTV's Rachel Aiello, Judy Trinh, and Abigail Bimman as they provide the latest from the campaign trails with the three major parties. On todays show: Bea Bruske, President, Canadian Labour Congress joins host Vassy Kapelos to discuss how Hudson's Bay Co. will pay up to $3 million total in retention bonuses to 121 managers and executives, but will not pay severance to its more than 9,300 workers. Mike Moffatt, Assistant Professor with the Ivey Business School and senior director of policy and innovation at the Smart Prosperity Institute joins host Vassy Kapelos to answer this weeks 'The Explainer' question on if we have seen any improvement in the supply of housing or the ability of people to buy a home. The Daily Debrief Panel with Laura D’Angelo, Vice President, National Strategy and Public Affairs, Enterprise Canada, Jeff Rutledge, Vice President, McMillian Vantage and Stephanie Levitz, senior reporter in The Globe and Mail's Ottawa bureau. David Patterson, Ontario’s Representative in Washington DC joins Vassy to discuss his meeting with USTR officials Monday in D.C to get a sense of where we stand for April 2nd.

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Series: Signs & GloryTitle: Why every Christian should live zealously for the LordScripture: John 2:12-251 Cor 3:16-17; 6:18-20; 1 Peter 2:4-8; Romans 12:9-11Bottom line: Every Christian should live zealously for the Lord and his kingdom mission.INTRODUCTIONCONTEXTSERMON OUTLINECONCLUSIONNOTESOUTLINESQUESTIONS TO CONSIDER DISCUSSION QUESTIONSMAIN REFERENCES USEDMy opening prayer: Lord God, help us grow to be and do like Jesus, while abiding in him and leading others to do the same. INTRODUCTION"Another day in paradise," January 13, 2025, Bill Murphy, Jr."Honest to God, I just could not stop thinking of wonderful things that have happened to me and blessings that I've had, so it was lovely. It was lovely. And I got to a point of grace with about two minutes to spare when I found out it wasn't actually happening.— Jim CarreySeek immediate shelterIt was a beautiful morning. But aren't they all in Hawaii? A little below 80 degrees at the weather station in Oahu, with nearly no cloud cover: the kind of day that people on the mainland sometimes wish they had (but almost never get) at the beginning of January. • Honeymooners were waking up in each others' arms in their hotel rooms. A woman named Lydia Warren and her husband were vacationing on the beach. • A college student named Makena was showing her visiting boyfriend the Pearl Harbor memorial. (It's open at 7 a.m.; who knew?) Her father, a TV news producer named David Patterson, was on the freeway, about to dial into a conference call. • Oh, and here's a quirky one: Actor and comedian Jim Carrey was up early, working on writing a memoir.Then: panic. At 8:08 a.m., Hawaii's civil defense and emergency agency sent an alarming text to every single person in the state with a cell phone. It read, in all caps: "BALLISTIC MISSILE THREAT INBOUND TO HAWAII. SEEK IMMEDIATE SHELTER. THIS IS NOT A DRILL."Local T.V. put a chyron message on the screen as well, against the backdrop of things like a college basketball game between Ole Miss and Florida, or else a Premier League soccer game from London between Tottenham Hotspur and Everton:The U.S. Pacific Command has detected a missile threat to Hawaii. A missile may impact on land or sea within minutes. THIS IS NOT A DRILL. If you are indoors, stay indoors. If you are outdoors, seek immediate shelter in a building. Remain indoors well away from windows. If you are driving, pull safely to the side of the road and seek shelter in a building or lay on the floor. We will announce when the threat has ended. THIS IS NOT A DRILL. Take immediate action measures.Can you even imagine? Of course, you probably remember this -- along with the fact that in the end, there was no inbound missile. By the way, the date was January 13, 2018, so seven years ago today.In fact, officials at the civil defense agency realized this was a mistake pretty quickly, but it took them 38 minutes to confirm that and then figure out how to send a second message telling people that the first alert was in error.There's a lot about this story - but the biggest part that has stayed with me is how people spent those 38 minutes when they thought they and everyone around them was going to die.Lydia Warren and her husband raced back to their hotel -- not so much because they thought it would be safer, but because they thought that their bodies might be more easily identified someday if they were found near where they were staying.David Patterson called his daughter and learned where she was. He told her to use her phone to record video of Pearl Harbor visitors processing the possibility of an imminent attack. She later said this calmed her down, as she figured her father wouldn't tell her to spend what could be her last minutes videoing if he wasn't pretty sure the alert was a mistake.My favorite reaction is probably Jim Carrey's. He was engrossed in work and missed the initial alert, but his assistant called to tell him they had 10 minutes to live. He tried calling his daughter and some other family, wondering if there was any way to get off the island, and finally realizing everything was out of his control.He explained all of this on an episode of The Tonight Show two years later (video here):Jim Carrey: And we had to say goodbye. And I sat on the lanai and looked out at the ocean, and at that point, I started going, "Okay. Well, what can I do with this last moment of time?" And I just decided to go through a list of gratitudes, and honest to God, I just could not stop thinking of wonderful things that have happened to me and blessings that I've had, so it was lovely. It was lovely. And I got to a point of grace with about two minutes to spare when I found out it wasn't actually happening. And all I was planning to do was close my eyes an be thankful, 'cause it's been a good ride.'Jimmy Fallon: What did you do when you found out that it was a fake missile test?Carrey: Then I got pissed off, and heads rolled!The front page headline in the Star-Advertiser newspaper the next day read, in giant type: OOPS! (And in smaller type: "'Wrong button' sends out false missile alert.")Later, officials said that wasn't right; it was instead an employee who was absolute, 100 percent convinced that a missile was en route, and who sent the alert -- but was simply wrong.I guess I've mentioned this theme a few times recently -- but isn't it funny that even being told you are going to die within a few minutes can turn out to be a gift? At least that's what I take away from Carrey's account. Sometimes, I suppose you value things most when you're suddenly about to lose them.As for everyone affected that day, I feel for them. It must have been hard.Then again, after it was all over, they were still in Hawaii.Jesus is AngryJesus is angry. How can Jesus be angry? If God is love, how can Jesus-who is God-get angry? Genuine love is compatible with anger.In fact, genuine love is sometimes demonstrated by anger. At times anger proves love is authentic. Let me give you an example: a friend of mine is passionate about ending modern-day slavery and human trafficking.He writes and speaks about it. He's visited Washington to meet with politicians. He has traveled to foreign countries to learn more about stopping it. He's worked hard to bring it to people's attention. I don't doubt his commitment to ending trafficking. I don't doubt his love for those in slavery. But I would doubt a claim that he never got angry about it. I know his love for the abused is real because he gets angry when he sees the abuse.Jesus gets angry about how the Jews have turned his house of prayer and mission into a house of corrupt commerce. The Court of GentilesThe court of the Gentiles was the one place on the Temple Mount where anyone could engage with the God of Israel formally. But it was clogged with commercial enterprise instead of prayer, worship and evangelism.Matt Carter writes, "Jesus levels a charge, but the charge is not unethical practices. They have twisted the purpose of the temple. Jesus is denouncing impure worship."I would add they've forgotten the purpose of the outer temple court: mission to the nations.We do that too when we make our Sunday worship experience all about our wants and needs. When we see the Lord as he truly is, we are transformed to live on mission with him 24/7.CONTEXTLast week, Ken showed us how Jesus first displayed his power at a wedding in Cana, not far from Nazareth and Capernaum. He discreetly turns water to wine demonstrating his power as Messiah to his disciples and mother. This was part of his first week of public ministry. John called it the first of his "signs," or, miracles that point to who he is and why he's come. From Capernaum, Jesus leads his family and disciples to the temple in Jerusalem to celebrate the Passover together. It's about to get dramatic.We pick it up with Jesus and his disciples in the temple in Jerusalem. This is the only temple of the Jews. It was the symbol of the nation and religion of Israel. It was the icon of their identity and the place where they 1) Met with God, and 2) atoned for their sins. SERMON Every Christian should live zealously for the Lord and his kingdom mission.Why? The answer is the message I'm about to give:It's because of his power, his passion and his promise.I. His power. (2:1-11) We saw last week how he powerfully transformed water to wine. He demonstrated this discreetly to reveal his power to his family and disciples; to help them believe he could powerfully transform our lives too.II. His passion. (2:12-17) We see his passion and zeal for his father's house. In fact, his zeal consumes him. We see this in the cross.Story by Kent Hughes, commentary on John, p. 47"One evening the great conductor Arturo Toscanini conducted Beethoven's Ninth Symphony. It was a brilliant performance, at the end of which the audience went absolutely wild! They clapped, whistled, and stamped their feet, absolutely caught up in the greatness of that performance. As Toscanini stood there, he bowed and bowed and bowed, then acknowledged his orchestra.When the ovation finally began to subside, Toscanini turned and looked intently at his musicians. He was almost out of control as he whispered,"Gentlemen! Gentlemen!" The orchestra leaned forward to listen. In a fiercely enunciated whisper Toscanini said, "Gentlemen, I am nothing." That was an extraordinary admission since Toscanini was blessed with an enormous ego.He added, "Gentlemen, you are nothing." They had heard that same message before the rehearsal. "But Beethoven," said Toscanini in a tone of adoration,"is everything, everything, everything!" This is the attitude we need toward ourselves and toward the Lord Jesus Christ. I am nothing, you are nothing, but he is everything! That was John's attitude, and it is the attitude of every authentic messenger of Christ."III. He promise. (2:18-22) We will see his promise fulfilled in our resurrection one day based on his resurrection 2,000 years ago.CONCLUSIONApplication: When we're tempted to doubt or find ourselves lacking zeal, REMEMBER THE RESURRECTION!From Tim Keller, The Songs of Jesus, p. 153"MISUNDERSTOOD. David is being scorned for his zealous devotion to God (verse 9). When he prays and repents, he is laughed at (verses 10-11). His world is not so different from ours. Even when Christianity was taken for granted by Western society, the most devoted believers were silently laughed at.Today they are also despised. The world does not understand the Gospel of grace, in which holy living is the result of humble, grateful joy, not a way to earn heaven. The world therefore sees all righteous living as self-righteousness and bigotry. We should not be surprised at this (2 Timothy 3:12), but we should also undermine this false narrative by living lives of humility, forgiveness, and sacrificial service to others."Bottom line: Every Christian should live zealously for the Lord and his kingdom mission.What about you?Peter puts it all in perspective in his first sermon:““Therefore let all Israel be assured of this: God has made this Jesus, whom you crucified, both Lord and Messiah.” When the people heard this, they were cut to the heart and said to Peter and the other apostles, “Brothers, what shall we do?” Peter replied, “Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins. And you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. The promise is for you and your children and for all who are far off—for all whom the Lord our God will call.”” ‭‭Acts‬ ‭2‬:‭36‬-‭39‬ ‭NIV‬‬InvitationHow do we respond? Answer 2 questions:Take out a card or piece of paper right now. Write down the answer to these questions: What is God saying to me right now?What am I going to do about it? Write this down on a sheet of paper. What I hear you saying, Lord, is ___________________.[my name] is going to believe/do __________________________________________________ as a result.Finally, share this with your Home or Mission group this week when you gather as a testimony about what God is doing in your life. You don't have to get too specific to give him praise.Lord's Supper, 1 Cor 11:23-26 is good passage.Also, say something like, "Christ has died, Christ is risen, Christ will come again." (past, present, and future)PrayNOTESMany today want to use this to say we shouldn't sell things in church lobbies because we tend to think of the church building as a house of prayer and mission too. And it is to the degree that it is filled with true believers. But I'd take it further. As a part of the better, spiritual temple of God, I must make sure I don't approach my time of worship as a transactional exchange with God where I show up, maybe serve a little bit, give a little bit, pray a little bit, and then expect God to bless me because I earned it.OUTLINESOutline from Willmington's Outline Bible N/AQUESTIONS TO CONSIDERWhat do I want them to know? Why do I want them to know it?What do I want them to do?Why do I want them to do it?How do they do this?DISCUSSION QUESTIONSDiscovery Bible Study process: https://www.dbsguide.org/Read the passage together.Retell the story in your own words.Discovery the storyWhat does this story tell me about God?What does this story tell me about people?If this is really true, what should I do?What is God saying to you right now? (Write this down)What are you going to do about it? (Write this down)Who am I going to tell about this?Find our sermons, podcasts, discussion questions and notes at https://www.gracetoday.net/podcastAlternate Discussion Questions (by Jeff Vanderstelt): Based on this passage:Who is God?What has he done/is he doing/is he going to do?Who am I? (In light of 1 & 2)What do I do? (In light of who I am)How do I do it?Final Questions (Write this down)What is God saying to you right now? What are you going to do about it?MAIN REFERENCES USED“John,” by R. Kent Hughes, Preaching the Word Commentary, Edited by Kent HughesExalting Jesus in John, by Matt Carter & Josh Wredberg“Look at the Book” by John Piper (LATB)“The Bible Knowledge Commentary” by Walvoord, Zuck (BKC)“The Bible Exposition Commentary” by Warren Wiersbe (BEC)Outline Bible, D Willmington (OB)Willmington's Bible Handbook, D Willmington (WBH)NIV Study Bible (NIVSB) https://www.biblica.com/resources/scholar-notes/niv-study-bible/Chronological Life Application Study Bible (NLT)ESV Study Bible (ESVSB) https://www.esv.orgThe Bible Project https://bibleproject.com“The Bible in One Year 2023 with Nicky Gumbel” bible reading plan on YouVersion app (BIOY)Claude.aiChatGPT 3.5

Congressmen Peter King & Governor David Patterson join the show to talk about politics, their thoughts on the direction of the nation, isolationism and much more Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Congressmen Peter King & Governor David Patterson join the show to talk about politics, their thoughts on the direction of the nation, isolationism and much more Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

David Patterson, Hillel A. Feinberg Distinguished Chair in Holocaust Studies, Ackerman Center for Holocaust Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, presents his lecture, "Antisemitism from Hitler to Hamas" at the ISGAP-Oxford Summer Institute.

Join David Patterson, The Bucket List Accountant, as we explore crucial steps for families to strategically plan for private school education. The episode emphasises early planning, understanding costs, regular savings, and family discussions. David Patterson shares personal anecdotes and financial tips, highlighting the importance of prioritizing education goals alongside other life plans. The conversation delves into the practicalities of saving, investment options, and the potential need for sacrifices to achieve the dream of private schooling.Subscribe now and get ready to take control of your money and your life!This podcast was produced by 'Podcasts Done for You' https://podcastsdoneforyou.com.au

Bedenimiz ve zihnimiz sandığımızdan çok daha güçlü aslında... Ve insan yeterince isterse beynini kandırarak gerçeklik algısını bükebilir. Hatta bu noktada bazı fizyolojik değişimleri bile gerçekleştirebilir. Hiçbir Şey Tesadüf Değil'in bu bölümünde sadece zihin gücüyle ilerleme kaydedebilen insanların hikayesinden geçecek yolumuz. Onların sayesinde gerçekliği nasıl kendi lehimize bükebileceğimizi konuşacağız. Ve belki de bunlar bildiğimiz her şeyi değiştirecek.------- Podbee Sunar -------Bu Podcast, Hepsiburada hakkkında reklam içerir. .Hepsiburada'da Efsane Kasım başladı! Binlerce üründe en iyi fiyat garantisi seninle, başka yerde aramaya gerek yok. Kaçırmak istemeyeceğin efsane fırsatlar için tıkla. Ayrıca Whatsapp kanalını takip ederek güncel kampanyalardan haberdar olmayı da unutma.Bu Podcast, Cambly hakkında reklam içerir. .Cambly'nin Black Friday kampanyasından yararlanın, yıllık paketlerde aylık 249 TL'den başlayan fiyatlarla İngilizcenizi geliştirin. www.cambly.com tıklayın ve BF24 kodunu kullanarak 12 aylık paketlerde, aylık paketlere göre %60 daha avantajlı fiyatları kaçırmayın.Bu Podcast, Hiwell hakkında reklam içerir..Pod50 kodumuzla Hiwell'de ilk seansınızda geçerli %50 indirimi kullanmak için Hiwell'i şimdi indirin. 1500'ü aşkın uzman klinik psikolog arasından size en uygun olanlarla terapi yolculuğunuza kolaylıkla başlayın.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

In this episode, join David Patterson, the Bucket List Accountant, and co-host Anthony Perl as they dive into the often misunderstood topic of tax refunds. David highlights the importance of focusing on take-home pay rather than tax refunds while providing practical tax management advice for both employees and business owners. The discussion explores how to efficiently use funds throughout the year to achieve personal goals and bucket list items, emphasizing the significance of self-discipline and strategic planning. Learn how to balance tax obligations with pursuing your dreams and understanding the impact of tax strategies on long-term financial aspirations.The Bucketlist Accountant: Because financial freedom shouldn't mean sacrificing your wildest dreams.Subscribe now and get ready to take control of your money and your life!This podcast was produced by 'Podcasts Done for You' https://podcastsdoneforyou.com.au

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David Patterson began his journey in pad education at Lake Country Manufacturing, where he immersed himself in the study of various foam, microfiber, and wool pads. His expertise contributed to the development of some of the most popular pads in detailing today. David eventually founded Oberk Car Care, known for producing top-tier liquids and pads, and also co-founded the Gloss University training team with Matt Arendt and Eron Knox. Today, David joins the show to share a glimpse of the invaluable knowledge you'd gain in a Gloss U training session, covering everything from pad selection to proper care Support this show and follow us on Facebook: @thedetailsolutionspodcast and @thedetailsolutionspodcastdiscussiongroup or on instagram: @detailsolutionspodcast and YouTube: @thedetailsolutionspodcast1 www.detailersroadmap.com mention the show for a discount on your website build. www.detailedimage.com use code dsp15 to save 15%off your order. www.detailedimage.com/wholesole for whole sale accounts. www.flexpowertools.com www.autofiber.com use code DSP for 10% off your purchase. For Towel of the Month memberships use the code totm25 for 25% off. --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/detailsolutionspodcast/support

Got an opinion? On the iHeartRadio app, tap the red microphone to record & send us your thoughts. Don't have the app? Get it free here ---> https://news.iheart.com/apps/ Follow us: Instagram - wgyradio X - WGYMornings Facebook - 810wgy & WGYMornings

This year marks a year of growth and expansion. We have been working hard behind the scenes to build out the new Gloss University Headquarters. We are also very excited about our up coming classes kicking off this summer and into the fall. In this episode of DBD I am joined by David Patterson from Oberk Car Care. We discuss some of the new additions to the Oberk line and upcoming training for the season. We have been busy doing some dealership classes this spring are excited to host more events in the future at the new Gloss U. Thank you all for listing and supporting the podcast. Hope you Enjoy! Mattie

Ecoutez Christophe Hondelatte dévoiler la personnalité de DAVID PATTERSON. En août 2017, DAVID PATTERSON fonce avec sa voiture dans une pizzeria de SEINE et MARNE… L'agent de sécurité tue ANGELA YAKOV, 13 ans et blesse 13 clients du restaurant. DAVID PATTERSON explique que c'était sa seule solution, il était pourchassé par la mafia… L'expert psychiatre DANIEL ZAGURY raconte le parcours d'un délirant, addict au cannabis, qui quelques jours avant son passage à l'acte venait de se sevrer brutalement...Vous voulez écouter les autres épisodes de ce podcast ? >> Retrouvez-les sur notre site Europe1.fr ainsi que sur vos plateformes d'écoute habituelles.

Ecoutez Christophe Hondelatte dévoiler la personnalité de DAVID PATTERSON. En août 2017, DAVID PATTERSON fonce avec sa voiture dans une pizzeria de SEINE et MARNE… L'agent de sécurité tue ANGELA YAKOV, 13 ans et blesse 13 clients du restaurant. DAVID PATTERSON explique que c'était sa seule solution, il était pourchassé par la mafia… L'expert psychiatre DANIEL ZAGURY raconte le parcours d'un délirant, addict au cannabis, qui quelques jours avant son passage à l'acte venait de se sevrer brutalement...Vous voulez écouter les autres épisodes de ce podcast ? >> Retrouvez-les sur notre site Europe1.fr ainsi que sur vos plateformes d'écoute habituelles.

Do you know how to coach others? It is often said that the best leaders are great coaches. How have you improved your coaching abilities or skills? Or do you have people on your team that need to learn how to be a coach? Or maybe you are looking to hire a business coach?In today's episode, we interview David Patterson, and he shares with us a few of the keys to being a great coach that you can use to develop yourself, others on your team, or to use as criteria in helping you find a great business coach for yourself.TODAY'S WIN-WIN: People are actively seeking to CONNECT and PROTECT.LINKS FROM THE EPISODE:You can visit our guest's website at:  https://www.dp3consulting.com/Attend our Franchise Sales Training Workshop:  https://bigskyfranchiseteam.com/franchisesalestraining/If you are ready to franchise your business or take it to the next level: CLICK HERE.Connect with our guest on social:IG: @dp3consultingIG: @ceodavidpattersonFB: https://www.facebook.com/groups/thecoachbuilderjourneyTikTok: @coach_builder_davidLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/davidpattersonatlanta/ABOUT OUR GUEST:David Patterson has built a proven 20-year track record in providing strategic small business consulting services, facilitating powerful workshops and orchestrating impactful seminars for brands like Bank of America, Keller Williams Realty International, John Maxwell Leadership and Business Made Simple.David brings to the table a unique wealth of knowledge and an extensive network of successful, like-minded, like-valued entrepreneurs in everything from business launch strategies, organizational behavior-based team building and professional and operational best practices through his Atlanta-based coaching and consulting firm. David Patterson Purpose Statement:I endeavor to help grow gifted and motivated people into intentional leaders with the desire of living influential, transformative lives.ABOUT BIG SKY FRANCHISE TEAM:This episode is powered by Big Sky Franchise Team. If you are ready to talk about franchising your business you can schedule your free, no-obligation, franchise consultation online at: https://bigskyfranchiseteam.com/ or by calling Big Sky Franchise Team at: 855-824-4759.

In this exciting episode of FitMIND FitBODY, we chat with David Patterson, who shares his journey from not running at all to loving ultra marathons, especially backyard ultras. He'll tell you how he got started, why he loves these races, and how they changed his life. Plus, David will share about his own podcast, where he dives even deeper into the world of backyard ultras, offering tips, stories, and inspiration. Whether you're just getting into running or you're curious about David's adventures, this episode is full of cool stuff you'll want to hear! Backyard Ultra Podcast: https://backyardultrapodcast.podbean.com/ Event David is training for: https://wilddogbyu.com.au/ Running tips from David - 1. Start Slow: Gradually increase your distance and pace to avoid burnout or injury. 2. Consistent Routine: Stick to a regular running schedule to build endurance and habit. 3. Proper Gear: Invest in good running shoes and comfortable clothing suitable for the weather. 4. Listen to Your Body: Pay attention to any signs of discomfort or pain and adjust your training accordingly. 5. Set Realistic Goals: Create achievable targets to stay motivated and track your progress. 6. Rest and Recovery: Ensure you have adequate rest days to allow your body to recover. 7. Enjoy the Process: Focus on the joy of running and the progress you're making, not just on performance. **A couple of BIG favours: 1) please like and review this podcast so more people will discover it :) 2) come on the podcast and talk about your running journey and/or refer someone you'd love me to interview (whether you know them or not :) )  Lets not keep the power of running a secret any more!  Hit me up on Facebook/Instagram (FitMIND FitBODY) or send me an email - Michelle @ FitMINDFitBODY .co  Don't miss an episode of the FitMind FitBODY Podcast. Sign up to our email list and get notified when new episodes are released. https://fitmindfitbody.co/podcast/ 

Join Fr Rob, Alyssa and Justine in this episode of the Catholic Influencers Podcast as they break open this week's upcoming Gospel. In the second half of the episode, join Augie Angrisano as he interviews David Patterson from Yes Catholic about the power of testimony.Divine Mercy Sunday (2nd Sunday of Easter)Gospel: John 20:19-31For a shorter, more reflective explanation of the Gospels, be sure to check out our sister podcast Catholic Influencers Fr Rob Galea Homilies.Discover more OSV Podcasts content by signing up for monthly updates on the latest show highlights at www.osvpodcasts.comSupport the showAn OSV Podcasts partner. Discover more ways to live, learn, and love your Catholic faith at osvpodcasts.com. Sharing stories, starting conversations.

Crystalina Evert has David Patterson from YES Catholic on to talk about his work there and conversion. Yes Catholic is a place where people are able to share their story of how they gave their yes to Jesus and His Church.

Crystalina Evert has David Patterson from YES Catholic on to talk about his work there and conversion. Yes Catholic is a place where people are able to share their story of how they gave their yes to Jesus and His Church.

Ever wondered how art affects your brain and body? In my latest Note, I explore this connection.There is a whole field of study dedicated to it, called Neuroaesthetics.I cover how the intersection of the arts and health can help with reducing pain, aiding in military mental health recovery, and how enriched environments can heal and improve lives. I cover the breakthrough work from Marian Diamond, John Krakauer, Omar Ahmad, Promit Roy, the Kata Design Studio, Hunter Hoffman and David Patterson.This article was inspired by the Book of the Week “Your Brain on Art: How the Arts Transform Us by Susan Magsamen & Ivy Ross”This week's Note is definitely a must-read for anyone passionate about the intersection of art, science, and health.

Interview with Dr. David Patterson, Hillel A. Feinberg Distinguished Chair in Holocaust Studies, UTDFollow Debbie Georgatos!WEBSITE: http://americacanwetalk.orgFACEBOOK: https://www.facebook.com/AmericaCanWeTalkAmerica Can We Talk is a show with a mission — to speak up for the extraordinary and unique greatness of America. I talk about the top issues of the day facing America, often with insightful guests, always from the perspective of furthering that mission, and with the goal to inspire listeners to celebrate and embrace the liberty on which America was founded. #AmericaMatters

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The Wheel of EmotionEmotional intelligence, or EQ, is the ability to identify, understand, and manage one's own emotions, as well as the emotions of others. It involves being aware of one's own emotional state and the emotional states of those around us and using that awareness to guide our thoughts and actions. Emotional intelligence helps us to understand ourselves better, including our strengths, weaknesses, and values. By developing emotional intelligence, we can improve our relationships with others, communicate more effectively, and become better leaders. In our businesses and personal lives, emotional intelligence plays a critical role in our ability to adapt to change, manage stress, and make sound decisions. By developing our emotional intelligence, we can grow as individuals and achieve greater success in all areas of our lives.In this episode, David Patterson and Carissa Mason, podcast hosts, share the importance of emotional intelligence in our businesses and personal lives. They talk about the research on emotional intelligence from the Indiana University Kelley School of business, the law of self-awareness, and how emotional intelligence helps realtors succeed. They also share how emotional intelligence plays part in social awareness, self-management, and self-awareness. Tune in to learn more about this and other exciting topics!Timestamps[05:12] The law of self-awareness[06:08] How emotional intelligence helps realtors[11:51] Emotional intelligence and social awareness[13:43] Emotional intelligence and self-management[16:19] Living and showing up with integrity[17:05] Emotional Intelligence and self-awareness[20:45] Tips to know you are emotionally intelligent[20:27] The challenges that we have with self-awareness[24:40] How to know that someone is emotionally intelligent[27:08] The wheel of emotionNotable quotes:“When we are emotionally intelligent, it puts us in a better position for success both personally and professionally.”“When you focus on being a problem solver for people, you will never go broke.”“Purpose without priority is pointless.”Relevant links:Test: Your Emotional Intelligence (EQ)The book: Emotional IntelligenceThe book: Never Split the DifferenceThe book: Atomic HabitsThe book: The 7 Habits of Highly Effective PeopleThe book: StrengthsFinder2.0The book: The One ThingConnect with us:Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/guidingheroesTwitter: https://twitter.com/guidingheroesInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/guidingheroesig/

As the detailing industry has expanded over the last decade, the Long Throw DA's have made such a huge impact on how paint is being polished today. Because the DA Polisher has grown in popularity, it has also driven the advancement in new pads and liquids to accommodate this polishing system. But what about the Rotary Polisher? Does it still have a place in modern detailing? Is one really better than another? There has been lots of controversy on social media about this topic. So much that I just wanted to talk about it on the podcast. In my personal opinion, both tools have their set of characteristics and place in the world of buffing and polishing paint. In this episode of Driven By Details, I sit down with David Patterson from Oberk Car Care to talk about new products that are in the hopper for Oberk. Then we dive into the DA/Rotary topic before wrapping up this episode, we take a look into the future for Gloss University. Hope you all enjoy this episode, Thanks for listening!

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In this episode of Driven By Detail's I am joined by David Patterson to talk about working on the SEMA cars for the RingBrothers. The RingBrothers have been building world class custom cars for longer than I have been alive. It has been a really honer to have this opportunity to prepare some some of these cars for SEMA this past season. Long days and nights to get the job complete but totally worth the outcome. If you have not yet seen Oberk's behind the scenes video here is the link. Thanks For Listening! Oberk Tusk https://youtu.be/pTPJBUZNMwI?si=Oi3irDe8d7x4szWf

In this episode of "What's the Dill," I dive into the captivating world of storytelling with  David Patterson, the founder of Yes Catholic! His ministry is centered around the stories of our Catholic lives and how grace supports us all. It's a fun and enlightening conversation that's perfect for young Catholics seeking inspiration and guidance on their faith journey. We have a profound conversation and even chat about current worship music!Don't miss out on this enlightening and entertaining episode. Subscribe, like, and share to spread the Gospel's good news. We aim to celebrate the everyday life of following Jesus here at BackSeat Media. It is an honor to use the talents God has bestowed to proclaim the Gospel to many.Make sure to follow us on all platforms to be a part of our Journey.Blog: wearebackseatmedia.comInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/back.seat.media/?hl=enFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/WeAreBackSeatMediaTikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@backseatmedia?lang=enYes Catholic Website: https://www.yescatholic.com/stories?offset=1652623800045Instagram:https://www.instagram.com/yes.catholic/Bobby and Jackie Angel on Vocations:https://www.amazon.com/Pray-Decide-Dont-Worry-Discerning/dp/1945179783

Driven By Details Is Back For A Second Season! After a short break in October Driven By Details is back with new episodes this fall. On this episode I am joined by David Patterson and we talk about the Gloss University class back in September at Robby Layton's Shop in Ephraim Utah. This was our first time doing our new "Detailing 360 Course" We had a great group of students that came from near and far for this one day course. After two nights in Utah, David and I were off to California to spend the week at Beverly Hills Ferrari to work with their head detailer Ronnie Vaia. Our main goal was to help prepare some new Ferrari's for sale and see first hand overall paint condition and quality of some of these new Ferrari's coming off the boat. Working with the team at Beverly Hill Ferrari was a really amazing experience and we were honored to be there. Ronnie uses Oberk exclusively and has even help test some of the new products that are being added Oberk's line up of amazing products. You will here the full story on the podcast, thank you for listening!

Chris Krok interviews a renowned expert on Israel's history, along with the terrifying history of Hamas, stemming from the Nazis and Muslim Brotherhood. Don't miss this riveting interview with UTD Professor, Dr. David Patterson. Support the show: http://www.wbap.com/chris-krok/See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Chris Krok interviews a renowned expert on Israel's history, along with the terrifying history of Hamas, stemming from the Nazis and Muslim Brotherhood. Don't miss this riveting interview with UTD Professor, Dr. David Patterson.  Support the show: http://www.wbap.com/chris-krok/See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Gloss University 2023 at the RingBrothers in Spring Green Wisconsin. Killmer and Mattie sit down to talk about the busy calendar, and some of the projects that Jason has been working on leading up to this summers Gloss University advanced class. This years class at the RingBrothers was really special, with a great group of students eager to learn. This two day advanced training offered great hands on learning on some really awesome cars. This was an advanced class based around wet sanding and paint correction, with a mixed group of students from across the country. During this two day class, students were introduced to wet sanding OEM and aftermarket paint, while getting to practice pulling out sanding scratches with a variety of tools, pads, and liquids. This two day weekend class allowed the students to work side by side instructors, David Patterson, Eron Knox, Jason Killmer, and Matthew Arendt. Thanks for listening!

In this episode we are going back in time to learn about how the idea for Gloss University was born. I am joined by Eron Knox and David Patterson as we sit down to talk about Gloss University's up coming class at the RingBrothers in Spring Green Wisconsin on July 29th and 30th 2023. For the last few years, Gloss University has held group training classes at the RingBrothers headquarters. Every class has been a experience to remember for everyone involved, and we are super excited for this years event. If you are a looking to take your skills to the next level, a Gloss University experience will help break down advanced techniques and terminologies that will help you build confidence as a technician in wet sanding and paint correction.

We are excited to be the first podcast in the world to release an in-depth interview on the new SOTA in commercially licensed open source models - MosiacML MPT-7B!The Latent Space crew will be at the NYC Lux AI Summit next week, and have two meetups in June. As usual, all events are on the Community page! We are also inviting beta testers for the upcoming AI for Engineers course. See you soon!One of GPT3's biggest limitations is context length - you can only send it up to 4000 tokens (3k words, 6 pages) before it throws a hard error, requiring you to bring in LangChain and other retrieval techniques to process long documents and prompts. But MosaicML recently open sourced MPT-7B, the newest addition to their Foundation Series, with context length going up to 84,000 tokens (63k words, 126 pages):This transformer model, trained from scratch on 1 trillion tokens of text and code (compared to 300B for Pythia and OpenLLaMA, and 800B for StableLM), matches the quality of LLaMA-7B. It was trained on the MosaicML platform in 9.5 days on 440 GPUs with no human intervention, costing approximately $200,000. Unlike many open models, MPT-7B is licensed for commercial use and it's optimized for fast training and inference through FlashAttention and FasterTransformer.They also released 3 finetuned models starting from the base MPT-7B: * MPT-7B-Instruct: finetuned on dolly_hhrlhf, a dataset built on top of dolly-5k (see our Dolly episode for more details). * MPT-7B-Chat: finetuned on the ShareGPT-Vicuna, HC3, Alpaca, Helpful and Harmless, and Evol-Instruct datasets.* MPT-7B-StoryWriter-65k+: it was finetuned with a context length of 65k tokens on a filtered fiction subset of the books3 dataset. While 65k is the advertised size, the team has gotten up to 84k tokens in response when running on a single node A100-80GB GPUs. ALiBi is the dark magic that makes this possible. Turns out The Great Gatsby is only about 68k tokens, so the team used the model to create new epilogues for it!On top of the model checkpoints, the team also open-sourced the entire codebase for pretraining, finetuning, and evaluating MPT via their new MosaicML LLM Foundry. The table we showed above was created using LLM Foundry in-context-learning eval framework itself!In this episode, we chatted with the leads of MPT-7B at Mosaic: Jonathan Frankle, Chief Scientist, and Abhinav Venigalla, Research Scientist who spearheaded the MPT-7B training run. We talked about some of the innovations they've brought into the training process to remove the need for 2am on-call PagerDutys, why the LLM dataset mix is such an important yet dark art, and why some of the traditional multiple-choice benchmarks might not be very helpful for the type of technology we are building.Show Notes* Introducing MPT-7B* Cerebras* Lottery Ticket Hypothesis* Hazy Research* ALiBi* Flash Attention* FasterTransformer* List of naughty words for C4 https://twitter.com/code_star/status/1661386844250963972* What is Sparsity?* Hungry Hungry Hippos* BF16 FPp.s. yes, MPT-7B really is codenamed LLongboi!Timestamps* Introductions [00:00:00]* Intro to Mosaic [00:03:20]* Training and Creating the Models [00:05:45]* Data Choices and the Importance of Repetition [00:08:45]* The Central Question: What Mix of Data Sets Should You Use? [00:10:00]* Evaluation Challenges of LLMs [0:13:00]* Flash Attention [00:16:00]* Fine-tuning for Creativity [00:19:50]* Open Source Licenses and Ethical Considerations [00:23:00]* Training Stability Enhancement [00:25:15]* Data Readiness & Training Preparation [00:30:00]* Dynamic Real-time Model Evaluation [00:34:00]* Open Science for Affordable AI Research [00:36:00]* The Open Approach [00:40:15]* The Future of Mosaic [00:44:11]* Speed and Efficiency [00:48:01]* Trends and Transformers [00:54:00]* Lightning Round and Closing [1:00:55]TranscriptAlessio: [00:00:00] Hey everyone. Welcome to the Latent Space podcast. This is Alessio partner and CTO-in-Residence at Decibel Partners. I'm joined by my co-host, Swyx, writer and editor of Latent Space.Swyx: Hey, and today we have Jonathan and Abhi from Mosaic ML. Welcome to our studio.Jonathan: Guys thank you so much for having us. Thanks so much.Swyx: How's it feel?Jonathan: Honestly, I've been doing a lot of podcasts during the pandemic, and it has not been the same.Swyx: No, not the same actually. So you have on your bio that you're primarily based in Boston,Jonathan: New York. New York, yeah. My Twitter bio was a probability distribution over locations.Swyx: Exactly, exactly. So I DMd you because I was obviously very interested in MPT-7B and DMd you, I was like, for the 0.2% of the time that you're in San Francisco, can you come please come to a podcast studio and you're like, I'm there next week.Jonathan: Yeah, it worked out perfectly. Swyx: We're really lucky to have you, I'll read off a few intros that people should know about you and then you can fill in the blanks.So Jonathan, you did your BS and MS at Princeton in programming languages and then found your way into ML for your PhD at MiT where you made a real splash with the lottery ticket hypothesis in 2018, which people can check up on. I think you've done a few podcasts about it over the years, which has been highly influential, and we'll talk about sparse models at Mosaic. You have also had some side [00:01:30] quest. You taught programming for lawyers and you did some law and privacy stuff in, in DC and also did some cryptography stuff. Um, and you've been an assistant professor at Harvard before earning your PhD.Jonathan:  I've yet to start.Swyx: You, you yet to start. Okay. But you just got your PhD.Jonathan:. I technically just got my PhD. I was at Mosaic which delayed my defense by about two years. It was, I was at 99% done for two years. Got the job at Harvard, Mosaic started, and I had better things to do than write my dissertation for two years. Swyx: You know, you know, this is very out of order.Jonathan: Like, oh, completely out of order, completely backwards. Go talk to my advisor about that. He's also an advisor at Mosaic and has been from the beginning. And, you know, go talk to him about finishing on time.Swyx: Great, great, great. And just to fill it out, Abhi, you did your BS and MS and MIT, you were a researcher at Cerebras, and you're now a research scientist at Mosaic. Just before we go into Mosaic stuff, I'm actually very curious about Cereus and, uh, just that, that space in general. Um, what are they doing that people should know about?Abhinav: Yeah, absolutely. Um, I think the biggest thing about CEREUS is that they're really building, you know, kind of the NextGen computing platform beyond, like GPUs.Um, they're trying to build a system that uses an entire wafer, you know, rather than cutting up a wafer into smaller chips and trying to train a model on that entire system, or actually more recently on many such wafers. Um, so it's, and it's really extraordinary. I think it's like the first time ever that kind of wafer scale computing has ever really worked. And so it's a really exciting time to be there, trying to figure out how we can map ML workloads to work, um, on a much, much bigger chip.Swyx: And do you use like [00:03:00] a different programming language or framework to do that? Or is that like..Abhinav: Yeah, so I mean, things have changed a bit since I was there.I think, um, you can actually run just normal tensor flow and pie torch on there. Um, so they've built a kind of software stack that compiles it down. So it actually just kind of works naturally. But yeah.Jonathan : Compiled versions of Python is a hot topic at the moment with Mojo as well. Swyx: And then Mosaic, you, you spearheaded the MPT-7B effort.INTRO TO MOSAIC [00:03:20]Abhinav: Uh, yeah. Yeah, so it's kind of like, it's been maybe six months, 12 months in the making. We kind of started working on LMs sort of back in the summer of last year. Um, and then we came with this blog post where we kind of profiled a lot of LMs and saw, hey, the cost of training is actually a lot lower than what people might think.Um, and then since then, you know, being inspired by kind of, you know, meta's release, so the LLaMA models and lots of other open source work, we kind of started working towards, well, what if we were to release a really good kind of 7 billion parameter model? And that's what MPT is. Alessio:You know, we mentioned some of the podcasts you had done, Jonathan, I think in one of them you mentioned Mosaic was not planning on building a  model and releasing and obviously you eventually did. So what are some of the things that got you there that maybe obviously LLaMA you mentioned was an inspiration. You now have both the training and like inference products that you offer. Was this more of a research challenge in a way, uh, that you wanted to do?Or how did the idea come to be?Jonathan: I think there were a couple of things. So we still don't have a first class model. We're not an open AI where, you know, our businesses come to use our one great model. Our business is built around customers creating their own models. But at the end of the day, if customers are gonna create their own models, we have to have the tools to help them do that, and to have the tools to help them do that and know that they work we have to create our own models to start. We have to know that we can do something great if customers are gonna do something great. And one too many people may have challenged me on Twitter about the fact that, you know, mosaic claims all these amazing numbers, but, you know, I believe not to, you know, call out Ross Whiteman here, but, you know, I believe he said at some point, you know, show us the pudding.Um, and so Ross, you know, please let me know how the pudding tastes. But in all seriousness, like I think there is something, this is a demo in some sense. This is to say we did this in 9.5 days for a really reasonable cost, straight through 200, an intervention. 200 K. Yep. Um, you can do this too.Swyx: Uh, and just to reference the numbers that you're putting out, this is the, the last year you were making a lot of noise for trading GPT 3 under 450 K, which is your, your initial estimate.Um, and then it went down to a 100 K and stable diffusion 160 k going down to less than 50 K as well.Jonathan: So I will be careful about that 100 K number. That's certainly the challenge I've given Abhi to hit. Oh, I wouldn't make the promise that we've hit yet, but you know, it's certainly a target that we have.And I, you know, Abhi may kill me for saying this. I don't think it's crazy. TRAINING AND CREATING THE MODELS [00:05:45] Swyx: So we definitely want to get into like estimation math, right? Like what, what needs to happen for those big order magnitude changes to in, in infrastructure costs. But, uh, let's kind of stick to the MPT-7B story. Yeah. Tell us everything.Like you have, uh, three different models. One of them. State of the art essentially on context length. Let's talk about the process of training them, the, uh, the decisions that you made. Um, I can go into, you know, individual details, but I just wanna let you let you rip.Abhinav: Yeah, so I mean, I think, uh, we started off with the base model, which is kind of for all practical purposes, a recreation of LLaMA 7B.Um, so it's a 7 billion perimeter model trained on the trillion tokens. Um, and our goal was like, you know, we should do it efficiently. We should be able to do it like, kind of hands free so we don't have to babysit the runs as they're doing them. And it could be kind of a, a launching point for these fine tune models and those fine tune models, you know, on, on the one hand they're kind of really fun for the community, like the story writer model, which has like a 65,000 length context window and you can even kind of extrapolate beyond that. Um, but they're, they're also kind of just tr inspirations really. So you could kind of start with an MPT-7B base and then build your own custom, you know, downstream. If you want a long context code model, you could do that with our platform. If you wanted one that was for a particular language, you could do that too.But yeah, so we picked kind of the three variance chat and instruct and story writer just kind of like inspirations looking at what people were doing in the community today. Yeah. Alessio: And what's the beginning of the math to come up with? You know, how many tokens you wanna turn it on? How many parameters do you want in a bottle? 7 billion and 30 billion seem to be kind of like two of the magic numbers going around right now. Abhinav: Yeah, definitely. Definitely. Yeah, I think like there's sort of these scaling laws which kind of tell you how to best spend your training compute if that's all you cared about. So if you wanna spend $200,000 exactly in the most efficient way, there'd be a recipe for doing that.Um, and that we usually go by the Chinchilla laws. Now for these models, we actually didn't quite do that because we wanted to make sure that people could actually run these at home and that they [00:07:30] were good for inference. So we trained them kind of beyond those chinchilla points so that we're almost over-training them.I think there's like a joke going on online that they're like long boy and that that came up internally because we were training them for really, really long durations. So that 7B model, the chinchilla point might be 140 billion tokens. Instead, we trained a trillion, so almost seven times longer than you normally would.Swyx: So longboi was the code name. So is it, is it the trading method? Is it the scaling law that you're trying to coin or is it the code name for the 64 billion?Jonathan: Uh, 64. It was just an internal joke for the, for training on way more tokens than you would via chinchilla. Okay. Um, we can coin it long boy and it, it really stuck, but just to, you know, long boys filled with two ELs at the beginning.Yeah. Cause you know, we wanted the lLLaMA thing in there as well. Jonathan: Yeah, yeah, yeah. Our darn CEO we have to rein him in that guy, you know, you can't, yeah. I'm gonna take away his Twitter password at some point. Um, but you know, he had to let that one out publicly. And then I believe there was a YouTube video where someone happened to see it mentioned before the model came out and called it the Long G boy or something like that.Like, so you know, now it's out there in the world. It's out there. It's like Sydnee can't put it back inSwyx: There's a beautiful picture which I think Naveen tweeted out, which, um, shows a long boy on a whiteboard.Jonathan: That was the origin of Long Boy. In fact, the legs of the lLLaMA were the two Ls and the long boy.DATA CHOICES AND THE IMPORTANCE OF REPETITION [00:08:45]Swyx: Well, talk to me about your data choices, right? Like this is your passion project. Like what can you tell us about it?Jonathan: Yeah, I think Abhi wanted to kill me by the end for trying to use all the GPUs on data and none of them on actually training the model. Um, at the end of the day, We know that you need to train these models and [00:09:00] lots of data, but there are a bunch of things we don't know.Number one is what kinds of different data sources matter. The other is how much does repetition really matter? And really kind of repetition can be broken down into how much does quality versus quantity matter. Suppose I had the world's best 10 billion tokens of data. Would it be better to train on that a hundred times or better to train on a trillion tokens of low quality, fresh data?And obviously there's, there's a middle point in between. That's probably the sweet spot. But how do you even know what good quality data is? And. So, yeah, this is, nobody knows, and I think the more time I spent, we have a whole data team, so me and several other people, the more time that we spent on this, you know, I came away thinking, gosh, we know nothing.Gosh, if I were back in academia right now, I would definitely go and, you know, write a paper about this because I have no idea what's going on.Swyx: You would write a paper about it. I'm interested in such a paper. I haven't come across any that exists. Could you frame the central question of such a paper?THE CENTRAL QUESTION: WHAT MIX OF DATA SETS SHOULD YOU USE? [00:10:00]Jonathan: Yeah. The central question is what mix of data sets should you use? Okay. Actually I've, you know, you had mentioned my law school stuff. I went back to Georgetown Law where I used to teach, um, in the midst of creating this model, and I actually sat down with a class of law students and asked them, I gave them our exact data sets, our data mixes, um, like how many tokens we had, and I said, Create the best data set for your model.Knowing they knew nothing about large language models, they just know that data goes in and it's going to affect the behavior. Um, and I was like, create a mix and they basically covered all the different trade-offs. Um, you probably want a lot of English language [00:10:30] text to start with. You get that from the web, but do you want it to be multilingual?If so, you're gonna have a lot less English text. Maybe it'll be worse. Do you wanna have code in there? There are all these beliefs that code leads to models being better at logical reasoning, of which I've seen zero evidence. Rep. It's not, um, I mean, really made a great code model, but code models leading to better chain of thought reasoning on the part of language or code being in the training set leading to better chain of thought reasoning.People claim this all the time, but I've still never seen any real evidence beyond that. You know, one of the generations of the GPT three model started supposedly from Code Da Vinci. Yes. And so there's a belief that, you know, maybe that helped. But again, no evidence. You know, there's a belief that spending a lot of time on good sources like Wikipedia is good for the model.Again, no evidence. At the end of the day, we tried a bunch of different data mixes and the answer was that there are some that are better or worse than others. We did find that the pile, for example, was a really solid data mix, but you know, there were stronger data mixes by our evaluation metrics. And I'll get back to the evaluation question in a minute cuz that's a really important one.This data set called c4, which is what the original T five model was trained on, is weirdly good. And everybody, when I posted on this on Twitter, like Stella Beaterman from Luther mentioned this, I think someone else mentioned this as well. C4 does really well in the metrics and we have no idea why we de-duplicated it against our evaluation set.So it's not like it memorized the data, it is just one web scrape from 2019. If you actually look at the T five paper and see how it was pre-processed, it looks very silly. Mm-hmm. They removed anything that had the word JavaScript in it because they didn't want to get like no JavaScript [00:12:00] warnings. They removed anything with curly braces cuz they didn't wanna get JavaScript in it.They looked at this list of bad words, um, and removed anything that had those bad words. If you actually look at the list of bad words, words like gay are on that list. And so there's, you know, it is a very problematic, you know, list of words, but that was the cleaning that leads to a data set that seems to be unbeatable.So that to me says that we know nothing about data. We, in fact used a data set called mc four as well, which is they supposedly did the same pre-processing of C4 just on more web calls. The English portion is much worse than C4 for reasons that completely escape us. So in the midst of all that, Basically I set two criteria.One was I wanted to be at least as good as mc four English, like make sure that we're not making things actively worse. And mc four English is a nice step up over other stuff that's out there. And two was to go all in on diversity after that, making sure that we had some code, we had some scientific papers, we had Wikipedia, because people are gonna use this model for all sorts of different purposes.But I think the most important thing, and I'm guessing abhi had a million opinions on this, is you're only as good as your evaluation. And we don't know how to evaluate models for the kind of generation we ask them to do. So past a certain point, you have to kinda shrug and say, well, my evaluation's not even measuring what I care about.Mm-hmm. So let me just make reasonable choices. EVALUATION CHALLENGES OF LLMs [0:13:00]Swyx: So you're saying MMLU, big bench, that kind of stuff is not. Convincing for youJonathan: A lot of this stuff is you've got two kinds of tasks. Some of these are more of multiple choice style tasks where there is a right answer. Um, either you ask the model to spit out A, B, C, or D or you know, and if you're more [00:13:30] sophisticated, you look at the perplexity of each possible answer and pick the one that the model is most likely to generate.But we don't ask these models to do multiple choice questions. We ask them to do open-ended generation. There are also open-ended generation tasks like summarization. You compare using things like a blue score or a rouge score, which are known to be very bad ways of comparing text. At the end of the day, there are a lot of great summaries of a paper.There are a lot of great ways to do open form generation, and so humans are, to some extent, the gold standard. Humans are very expensive. It turns out we can't put them into our eval pipeline and just have the humans look at our model every, you know, 10 minutes? Not yet. Not yet. Maybe soon. Um, are you volunteering Abhi?Abhinav: I, I, I just know we have a great eval team who's, uh, who's helping us build new metrics. So if they're listening,Jonathan:  But it's, you know, evaluation of large language models is incredibly hard and I don't think any of these metrics really truly capture. What we expect from the models in practice.Swyx: Yeah. And we might draw wrong conclusions.There's been a debate recently about the emergence phenomenon, whether or not it's a mirage, right? I don't know if you guys have opinions about that process. Abhinav: Yeah, I think I've seen like this paper and all and all, even just kind of plots from different people where like, well maybe it's just a artifact of power, like log scaling or metrics or, you know, we're meshing accuracy, which is this a very like harsh zero one thing.Yeah. Rather than kind of something more continuous. But yeah, similar to what Jonathan was saying about evals. Like there there's one issue of like you just like our diversity of eval metrics, like when we put these models up, even like the chat ones, the instruct ones, people are using 'em for such a variety of tasks.There's just almost no way we get ahead of time, like measuring individual dimensions. And then also particularly like, you know, at the 7B scale, [00:15:00] um, these models still are not super great yet at the really hard tasks, like some of the hardest tasks in MMLU and stuff. So sometimes they're barely scoring like the above kind of random chance, you know, like on really, really hard tasks.So potentially as we. You know, aim for higher and higher quality models. Some of these things will be more useful to us. But we kind of had to develop MPT 7B kind of flying a little bit blind on, on what we knew it was coming out and just going off of like, you know, a small set of common sensor reasoning tasks.And of course, you know, just comparing, you know, those metrics versus other open source models. Alessio: I think fast training in inference was like one of the goals, right? So there's always the trade off between doing the hardest thing and like. Doing all the other things quickly.Abhinav: Yeah, absolutely. Yeah, I mean, I think like, you know, even at the 7B scale, you know, uh, people are trying to run these things on CPUs at home.You know, people are trying to port these to their phones, basically prioritizing the fact that the small scale would lead to our adoption. That was like a big, um, big thing going on. Alessio: Yeah. and you mentioned, um, flash attention and faster transformer as like two of the core things. Can you maybe explain some of the benefits and maybe why other models don't use it?FLASH ATTENTION [00:16:00]Abhinav: Yeah, absolutely. So flash attention is this basically faster implementation of full attention. Um, it's like a mathematical equivalent developed by like actually some of our collaborators, uh, at Stanford. Uh, the hazy research. Hazy research, yeah, exactly.Jonathan: What is, what, what, what's the name hazy research mean?Abhinav: I actually have no idea.Swyx: I have no clue. All these labs have fun names. I always like the stories behind them.Abhinav: Yeah, absolutely. We really, really liked flash attention. We, I think, had to integrate into repo even as [00:16:30] as early as September of last year. And it really just helps, you know, with training speed and also inference speed and we kind of bake that into model architecture.And this is kind of unique amongst all the other hugging face models you see out there. So ours actually, you can toggle between normal torch attention, which will work anywhere and flash attention, which will work on GPUs right out of the box. And that way I think you get almost like a 2x speed up at training time and somewhere between like 50% to a hundred percent speed up at inference time as well.So again, this is just like, we really, really wanted people to use these and like, feel like an improvement and we, we have the team to, to help deliver that. Swyx: Another part, um, of your choices was alibi position, encodings, which people are very interested in, maybe a lot of people just, uh, to sort of take in, in coatings as, as a given.But there's actually a lot of active research and honestly, it's a lot of, um, it's very opaque as well. Like people don't know how to evaluate encodings, including position encodings, but may, may, could you explain, um, alibi and, um, your choice?Abhinav: Yeah, for sure. The alibi and uh, kind of flash attention thing all kind of goes together in interesting ways.And even with training stability too. What alibi does really is that it eliminates the need to have positional embeddings in your model. Where previously, if you're a token position one, you have a particular embedding that you add, and you can't really go beyond your max position, which usually is like about 2000.With alibies, they get rid of that. Instead, just add a bias to the attention map itself. That's kind of like this slope. And if at inference time you wanna go much, much larger, they just kind of stretch that slope out to a longer, longer number of positions. And because the slope is kind of continuous and you can interpret it, it all works out now.Now one of [00:18:00] the, the funny things we found is like with flash attention, it saved so much memory and like improved performance so much that even as early as I kind of last year, like we were profiling models with, with very long context lines up to like, you know, the 65 k that you seen in release, we just never really got around to using it cuz we didn't really know what we might use it for.And also it's very hard to train stably. So we started experimenting with alibi integration, then we suddenly found that, oh wow, stability improves dramatically and now we can actually work together with alibi in a long context lens. That's how we got to like our story writer model where we can stably train these models out to very, very long context lenses and, and use them performantly.Jonathan: Yeah.Swyx: And it's also why you don't have a firm number. Most people now have a firm number on the context line. Now you're just like, eh, 65 to 85Abhinav: Oh yeah, there's, there's a, there's a big age to be 64 K or 65 k. 65 k plus.Swyx: Just do powers of twos. So 64 isn't, you know. Jonathan: Right, right. Yeah. Yeah. But we could, I mean, technically the context length is infinite.If you give me enough memory, um, you know, we can just keep going forever. We had a debate over what number to say is the longest that we could handle. We picked 84 cakes. It's the longest I expect people to see easily in practice. But, you know, we played around for even longer than that and I don't see why we couldn't go longer.Swyx: Yeah. Um, and so for those who haven't read the blog posts, you put the Great Gatsby in there and, uh, asked it to write an epilogue, which seemed pretty impressive.Jonathan: Yeah. There are a bunch of epilogues floating around internally at Mosaic. Yeah. That wasn't my favorite. I think we all have our own favorites.Yeah. But there are a bunch of really, really good ones. There was one where, you know, it's Gatsby's funeral and then Nick starts talking to Gatsby's Ghost, and Gatsby's father shows up and, you know, then he's [00:19:30] at the police station with Tom. It was very plot heavy, like this is what comes next. And a bunch of that were just very Fitzgerald-esque, like, you know, beautiful writing.Um, but it was cool to just see that Wow, the model seemed to actually be working with. You know, all this input. Yeah, yeah. Like it's, it's exciting. You can think of a lot of things you could do with that kind of context length.FINE-TUNING FOR CREATIVITY [00:19:50]Swyx: Is there a trick to fine tuning for a creative task rather than, um, factual task?Jonathan: I don't know what that is, but probably, yeah, I think, you know, the person, um, Alex who did this, he did fine tune the model explicitly on books. The goal was to try to get a model that was really a story writer. But, you know, beyond that, I'm not entirely sure. Actually, it's a great question. Well, no, I'll ask you back.How would you measure that? Swyx: Uh, God, human feedback is the solve to all things. Um, I think there is a labeling question, right? Uh, in computer vision, we had a really, really good episode with Robo Flow on the segment. Anything model where you, you actually start human feedback on like very, I think it's something like 0.5% of the, the overall, uh, final, uh, uh, labels that you had.But then you sort augment them and then you, you fully automate them, um, which I think could be applied to text. It seems intuitive and probably people like snorkel have already raised ahead on this stuff, but I just haven't seen this applied in the language domain yet.Jonathan: It, I mean there are a lot of things that seem like they make a lot of sense in machine learning that never work and a lot of things that make zero sense that seem to work.So, you know, I've given up trying to even predict. Yeah, yeah. Until I see the data or try it, I just kind shg my shoulders and you know, you hope for the best. Bring data or else, right? Yeah, [00:21:00] exactly. Yeah, yeah, yeah.Alessio: The fine tuning of books. Books three is like one of the big data sets and there was the whole.Twitter thing about trade comments and like, you know, you know, I used to be a community moderator@agenius.com and we've run into a lot of things is, well, if you're explaining lyrics, do you have the right to redistribute the lyrics? I know you ended up changing the license on the model from a commercial use Permitted.Swyx: Yeah let's let them. I'm not sure they did. Jonathan: So we flipped it for about a couple hours. Swyx: Um, okay. Can we, can we introduce the story from the start Just for people who are under the loop. Jonathan: Yeah. So I can tell the story very simply. So, you know, the book three data set does contain a lot of books. And it is, you know, as I discovered, um, it is a data set that provokes very strong feelings from a lot of folks.Um, that was one, one guy from one person in particular, in fact. Um, and that's about it. But it turns out one person who wants a lot of attention can, you know, get enough attention that we're talking about it now. And so we had a, we had a discussion internally after that conversation and we talked about flipping the license and, you know, very late at night I thought, you know, maybe it's a good thing to do.And decided, you know, actually probably better to just, you know, Stan Pat's license is still Apache too. And one of the conversations we had was kind of, we hadn't thought about this cuz we had our heads down, but the Hollywood writer Strike took place basically the moment we released the model. Mm-hmm.Um, we were releasing a model that could do AI generated creative content. And that is one of the big sticking points during the strike. Oh, the optics are not good. So the optics aren't good and that's not what we want to convey. This is really, this is a demo of the ability to do really long sequence lengths and.Boy, you know, [00:22:30] that's, that's not timing that we appreciated. And so we talked a lot internally that night about like, oh, we've had time to read the news. We've had time to take a breath. We don't really love this. Came to the conclusion that it's better to just leave it as it is now and learn the lesson for the future.But certainly that was one of my takeaways is this stuff, you know, there's a societal context around this that it's easy to forget when you're in the trenches just trying to get the model to train. And you know, in hindsight, you know, I might've gone with a different thing than a story writer. I might've gone with, you know, coder because we seem to have no problem putting programmers out of work with these models.Swyx: Oh yeah. Please, please, you know, take away this stuff from me.OPEN SOURCE LICENSES AND ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS [00:23:00]Jonathan: Right. You know, so it's, I think, you know, really. The copyright concerns I leave to the lawyers. Um, that's really, if I learned one thing teaching at a law school, it was that I'm not a lawyer and all this stuff is a little complicated, especially open source licenses were not designed for this kind of world.They were designed for a world of forcing people to be more open, not forcing people to be more closed. And I think, you know, that was part of the impetus here, was to try to use licenses to make things more closed. Um, which is, I think, against the grain of the open source ethos. So that struck me as a little bit strange, but I think the most important part is, you know, we wanna be thoughtful and we wanna do the right thing.And in that case, you know, I hope with all that interesting licensing fund you saw, we're trying to be really thoughtful about this and it's hard. I learned a lot from that experience. Swyx: There's also, I think, an open question of fair use, right? Is training on words of fair use because you don't have a monopoly on words, but some certain arrangements of words you do.And who is to say how much is memorization by a model versus actually learning and internalizing and then. Sometimes happening to land at the right, the [00:24:00] same result.Jonathan: And if I've learned one lesson, I'm not gonna be the person to answer that question. Right, exactly. And so my position is, you know, we will try to make this stuff open and available.Yeah. And, you know, let the community make decisions about what they are or aren't comfortable using. Um, and at the end of the day, you know, it still strikes me as a little bit weird that someone is trying to use these open source licenses to, you know, to close the ecosystem and not to make things more open.That's very much against the ethos of why these licenses were created.Swyx: So the official mosaic position, I guess is like, before you use TC MPC 7B for anything commercial, check your own lawyers now trust our lawyers, not mosaic's lawyers.Jonathan: Yeah, okay. Yeah. I'm, you know, our lawyers are not your lawyers.Exactly. And, you know, make the best decision for yourself. We've tried to be respectful of the content creators and, you know, at the end of the day, This is complicated. And this is something that is a new law. It's a new law. It's a new law that hasn't been established yet. Um, but it's a place where we're gonna continue to try to do the right thing.Um, and it's, I think, one of the commenters, you know, I really appreciated this said, you know, well, they're trying to do the right thing, but nobody knows what the right thing is to even do, you know, the, I guess the, the most right thing would've been to literally not release a model at all. But I don't think that would've been the best thing for the community either.Swyx: Cool.Well, thanks. Well handled. Uh, we had to cover it, just causeJonathan:  Oh, yes, no worries. A big piece of news. It's been on my mind a lot.TRAINING STABILITY ENHANCEMENT [00:25:15]Swyx: Yeah. Yeah. Well, you've been very thoughtful about it. Okay. So a lot of these other ideas in terms of architecture, flash, attention, alibi, and the other data sets were contributions from the rest of the let's just call it open community of, of machine learning advancements. Uh, but Mosaic in [00:25:30] particular had some stability improvements to mitigate loss spikes, quote unquote, uh, which, uh, I, I took to mean, uh, your existing set of tools, uh, maybe we just co kind of covered that. I don't wanna sort of put words in your mouth, but when you say things like, uh, please enjoy my empty logbook.How much of an oversell is that? How much, you know, how much is that marketing versus how much is that reality?Abhinav: Oh yeah. That, that one's real. Yeah. It's like fully end-to-end. Um, and I think.Swyx: So maybe like what, what specific features of Mosaic malibu?Abhinav: Totally, totally. Yeah. I think I'll break it into two parts.One is like training stability, right? Knowing that your model's gonna basically get to the end of the training without loss spikes. Um, and I think, you know, at the 7B scale, you know, for some models like it ha it's not that big of a deal. As you train for longer and longer durations, we found that it's trickier and trickier to avoid these lost spikes.And so we actually spent a long time figuring out, you know, what can we do about our initialization, about our optimizers, about the architecture that basically prevents these lost spikes. And you know, even in our training run, if you zoom in, you'll see small intermittent spikes, but they recover within a few hundred steps.And so that's kind of the magical bit. Our line is one of defenses we recover from Las Vegas, like just naturally, right? Mm-hmm. Our line two defense was that we used determinism and basically really smart resumption strategies so that if something catastrophic happened, we can resume very quickly, like a few batches before.And apply some of these like, uh, interventions. So we had these kinds of preparations, like a plan B, but we didn't have to use them at all for MPT 7B training. So, that was kind of like a lucky break. And the third part of like basically getting all the way to the empty law book is having the right training infrastructure.[00:27:00]So this is basically what, like is, one of the big selling points of the platform is that when you try to train these models on hundreds of GPUs, not many people outside, you know, like deep industry research owners, but the GPUs fail like a lot. Um, I would say like almost once every thousand a 100 days.So for us on like a big 512 cluster every two days, basically the run will fail. Um, and this is either due to GPUs, like falling off the bus, like that's, that's a real error we see, or kind of networking failures or something like that. And so in those situations, what people have normally done is they'll have an on-call team that's just sitting round the clock, 24-7 on slack, once something goes wrong.And if then they'll basically like to try to inspect the cluster, take nodes out that are broken, restart it, and it's a huge pain. Like we ourselves did this for a few months. And as a result of that, because we're building such a platform, we basically step by step automated every single one of those processes.So now when a run fails, we have this automatic kind of watch talk that's watching. It'll basically stop the job. Test the nodes cord in anyone's that are broken and relaunch it. And because our software's all deterministic has fast resumption stuff, it just continues on gracefully. So within that log you can see sometimes I think maybe at like 2:00 AM or something, the run failed and within a few minutes it's back up and running and all of us are just sleeping peacefully.Jonathan: I do wanna say that was hard one. Mm-hmm. Um, certainly this is not how things were going, you know, many months ago, hardware failures we had on calls who were, you know, getting up at two in the morning to, you know, figure out which node had died for what reason, restart the job, have to cord the node. [00:28:30] Um, we were seeing catastrophic loss spikes really frequently, even at the 7B scale that we're just completely derailing runs.And so this was step by step just ratcheting our way there. As Abhi said, to the point where, Many models are training at the moment and I'm sitting here in the studio and not worrying one bit about whether the runs are gonna continue. Yeah. Swyx: I'm, I'm not so much of a data center hardware kind of guy, but isn't there existing software to do this for CPUs and like, what's different about this domain? Does this question make sense at all?Jonathan: Yeah, so when I think about, like, I think back to all the Google fault tolerance papers I read, you know, as an undergrad or grad student mm-hmm. About, you know, building distributed systems. A lot of it is that, you know, Each CPU is doing, say, an individual unit of work.You've got a database that's distributed across your cluster. You wanna make sure that one CPU failing can't, or one machine failing can't, you know, delete data. So you, you replicate it. You know, you have protocols like Paxos where you're literally, you've got state machines that are replicated with, you know, with leaders and backups and things like that.And in this case, you were performing one giant computation where you cannot afford to lose any node. If you lose a node, you lose model state. If you lose a node, you can't continue. It may be that, that in the future we actually, you know, create new versions of a lot of our distributed training libraries that do have backups and where data is replicated so that if you lose a node, you can detect what node you've lost and just continue training without having to stop the run, you know?Pull from a checkpoint. Yeah. Restart again on different hardware. But for now, we're certainly in a world where if anything dies, that's the end of the run and you have to go back and recover from it. [00:30:00]DATA READINESS & TRAINING PREPARATION [00:30:00]Abhinav: Yeah. Like I think a big part, a big word there is like synchronous data pluralism, right? So like, we're basically saying that on every step, every GP is gonna do some work.They're gonna stay in sync with each other and average their, their gradients and continue. Now that there are algorithmic techniques to get around this, like you could say, oh, if a GP dies, just forget about it. All the data that's gonna see, we'll just forget about it. We're not gonna train on it.But, we don't like to do that currently because, um, it makes us give up determinism, stuff like that. Maybe in the future, as you go to extreme scales, we'll start looking at some of those methods. But at the current time it's like, we want determinism. We wanted to have a run that we could perfectly replicate if we needed to.And it was, the goal is figure out how to run it on a big cluster without humans having to babysit it. Babysit it. Alessio: So as you mentioned, these models are kind of the starting point for a lot of your customers To start, you have a. Inference product. You have a training product. You previously had a composer product that is now kind of not rolled into, but you have like a super set of it, which is like the LLM foundry.How are you seeing that change, you know, like from the usual LOP stack and like how people train things before versus now they're starting from, you know, one of these MPT models and coming from there. Like worship teams think about as they come to you and start their journey.Jonathan: So I think there's a key distinction to make here, which is, you know, when you say starting from MPT models, you can mean two things.One is actually starting from one of our checkpoints, which I think very few of our customers are actually going to do, and one is starting from our configuration. You can look at our friends at Rep for that, where, you know, MPT was in progress when Refl [00:31:30] came to us and said, Hey, we need a 3 billion parameter model by next week on all of our data.We're like, well, here you go. This is what we're doing, and if it's good enough for us, um, hopefully it's good enough for you. And that's basically the message we wanna send to our customers. MPT is basically clearing a path all the way through where they know that they can come bring their data, they can use our training infrastructure, they can use all of our amazing orchestration and other tools that abhi just mentioned, for fault tolerance.They can use Composer, which is, you know, still at the heart of our stack. And then the l l M Foundry is really the specific model configuration. They can come in and they know that thing is gonna train well because we've already done it multiple times. Swyx: Let's dig in a little bit more on what should people have ready before they come talk to you? So data architecture, eval that they're looking, etc.Abhinav: Yeah, I, I mean, I think we'll accept customers at any kind of stage in their pipeline. You know, like I'd say science, there's archetypes of people who have built products around like some of these API companies and reach a stage or maturity level where it's like we want our own custom models now, either for the purpose of reducing cost, right?Like our inference services. Quite a bit cheaper than using APIs or because they want some kind of customization that you can't really get from the other API providers. I'd say the most important things to have before training a big model. You know, you wanna have good eval metrics, you know, some kind of score that you can track as you're training your models and scaling up, they can tell you you're progressing.And it's really funny, like a lot of times customers will be really excited about training the models, right? It's really fun to like launch shelves on hundreds of gfs, just all around. It's super fun. But then they'll be like, but wait, what are we gonna measure? Not just the training loss, right? I mean, it's gotta be more than that.[00:33:00]So eval metrics is like a, it's a good pre-req also, you know, your data, you know, either coming with your own pre-training or fine-tune data and having like a strategy to clean it or we can help clean it too. I think we're, we're building a lot of tooling around that. And I think once you have those two kinds of inputs and sort of the budget that you want, we can pretty much walk you through the rest of it, right?Like that's kind of what we do. Recently we helped build CR FM's model for biomedical language a while back. Jonathan: Um, we can. That's the center of research for foundation models. Abhi: Exactly, exactly.Jonathan: Spelling it out for people. Of course.Abhinav: No, absolutely. Yeah, yeah. No, you've done more of these than I have.Um, I think, uh, basically it's sort of, we can help you figure out what model I should train to scale up so that when I go for my big run company, your here run, it's, uh, it's predictable. You can feel confident that it's gonna work, and you'll kind of know what quality you're gonna get out before you have to spend like a few hundred thousand dollars.DYNAMIC REAL-TIME MODEL EVALUATION [00:34:00]Alessio: The rap Reza from rap was on the podcast last week and, uh, they had human eval and then that, uh, I'm Jon Eval, which is like vibe based. Jonathan: And I, I do think the vibe based eval cannot be, you know, underrated really at the, I mean, at the end of the day we, we did stop our models and do vibe checks and we did, as we monitor our models, one of our evals was we just had a bunch of prompts and we would watch the answers as the model trained and see if they changed cuz honestly, You know, I don't really believe in any of these eval metrics to capture what we care about.Mm-hmm. But when you ask it, uh, you know, I don't know. I think one of our prompts was to suggest games for a three-year-old and a seven-year-old. That would be fun to play. Like that was a lot more [00:34:30] valuable to me personally, to see how that answer evolved and changed over the course of training. So, you know, and human eval, just to clarify for folks, human human eval is an automated evaluation metric.There's no humans in it at all. There's no humans in it at all. It's really badly named. I got so confused the first time that someone brought that to me and I was like, no, we're not bringing humans in. It's like, no, it's, it's automated. They just called it a bad name and there's only a hundred cents on it or something.Abhinav: Yeah. Yeah. And, and it's for code specifically, right?Jonathan: Yeah. Yeah. It's very weird. It's a, it's a weird, confusing name that I hate, but you know, when other metrics are called hella swag, like, you know, you do it, just gotta roll with it at this point. Swyx: You're doing live evals now. So one, one of the tweets that I saw from you was that it is, uh, important that you do it paralyzed.Uh, maybe you kind of wanna explain, uh, what, what you guys did.Abhinav: Yeah, for sure. So with LLM Foundry, there's many pieces to it. There's obviously the core training piece, but there's also, you know, tools for evaluation of models. And we've kind of had one of the, I think it's like the, the fastest like evaluation framework.Um, basically it's multi GPU compatible. It runs with Composer, it can support really, really big models. So basically our framework runs so fast that even Azure models are training. We can run these metrics live during the training. So like if you have a dashboard like weights and biases, you kind of watch all these evil metrics.We have, like, 15 or 20 of them honestly, that we track during the run and add negligible overhead. So we can actually watch as our models go and feel confident. Like, it's not like we wait until the very last day to, to test if the models good or notJonathan: That's amazing. Yeah. I love that we've gotten this far into the conversation.We still haven't talked about efficiency and speed. Those are usually our two watch words at Mosaic, which is, you know, that's great. That says that we're [00:36:00] doing a lot of other cool stuff, but at the end of the day, um, you know, Cost comes first. If you can't afford it, it doesn't matter. And so, you know, getting things down cheap enough that, you know, we can monitor in real time, getting things down cheap enough that we can even do it in the first place.That's the basis for everything we do.OPEN SCIENCE FOR AFFORDABLE AI RESEARCH [00:36:00]Alessio: Do you think a lot of the questions that we have around, you know, what data sets we should use and things like that are just because training was so expensive before that, we just haven't run enough experiments to figure that out. And is that one of your goals is trying to make it cheaper so that we can actually get the answers?Jonathan: Yeah, that's a big part of my personal conviction for being here. I think I'm, I'm still in my heart, the second year grad student who was jealous of all his friends who had GPUs and he didn't, and I couldn't train any models except in my laptop. And that, I mean, the lottery ticket experiments began on my laptop that I had to beg for one K 80 so that I could run amist.And I'm still that person deep down in my heart. And I'm a believer that, you know, if we wanna do science and really understand these systems and understand how to make them work well, understand how they behave, understand what makes them safe and reliable. We need to make it cheap enough that we can actually do science, and science involves running dozens of experiments.When I finally, you know, cleaned out my g c s bucket from my PhD, I deleted a million model checkpoints. I'm not kidding. There were over a million model checkpoints. That is the kind of science we need, you know, that's just what it takes. In the same way that if you're in a biology lab, you don't just grow one cell and say like, eh, the drug seems to work on that cell.Like, there's a lot more science you have to do before you really know.Abhinav: Yeah. And I think one of the special things about Mosaic's kind of [00:37:30] position as well is that we have such, so many customers all trying to train models that basically we have the incentive to like to devote all these resources and time to do this science.Because when we learn which pieces actually work, which ones don't, we get to help many, many people, right? And so that kind of aggregation process I think is really important for us. I remember way back there was a paper about Google that basically would investigate batch sizes or something like that.And it was this paper that must have cost a few million dollars during all the experience. And it was just like, wow, what a, what a benefit to the whole community. Now, like now we all get to learn from that and we get, we get to save. We don't have to spend those millions of dollars anymore. So I think, um, kind of mosaical science, like the insights we get on, on data, on pre-screening architecture, on all these different things, um, that's why customers come to us.Swyx: Yeah, you guys did some really good stuff on PubMed, G B T as well. That's the first time I heard of you. Of you. And that's also published to the community.Abhinav: Yeah, that one was really fun. We were like, well, no one's really trained, like fully from scratch domain specific models before. Like, what if we just did a biomed one?Would it still work? And, uh, yeah, I'd be really excited. That did, um, we'll probably have some follow up soon, I think, later this summer.Jonathan: Yeah. Yes. Stay tuned on that. Um, but I, I will say just in general, it's a really important value for us to be open in some sense. We have no incentive not to be open. You know, we make our money off of helping people train better.There's no cost to us in sharing what we learn with the community. Cuz really at the end of the day, we make our money off of those custom models and great infrastructure and, and putting all the pieces together. That's honestly where the Mosaic name came from. Not off of like, oh, we've got, you know, this one cool secret trick [00:39:00] that we won't tell you, or, you know, closing up.I sometimes, you know, in the past couple weeks I've talked to my friends at places like Brain or, you know, what used to be Brain Now Google DeepMind. Oh, I R I P Brain. Yeah. R i p Brian. I spent a lot of time there and it was really a formative time for me. Um, so I miss it, but. You know, I kind of feel like we're one of the biggest open research labs left in industry, which is a very sad state of affairs because we're not very big.Um, but at least can you say how big the team is actually? Yeah. We were about 15 researchers, so we're, we're tiny compared to, you know, the huge army of researchers I remember at Brain or at fair, at Deep Mind back, you know, when I was there during their heydays. Um, you know, but everybody else is kind of, you know, closed up and isn't saying very much anymore.Yeah. And we're gonna keep talking and we're gonna keep sharing and, you know, we will try to be that vanguard to the best of our ability. We're very small and I, I can't promise we're gonna do what those labs used to do in terms of scale or quantity of research, but we will share what we learn and we will try to create resources for the community.Um, I, I dunno, I just, I believe in openness fundamentally. I'm an academic at heart and it's sad to me to watch that go away from a lot of the big labs. THE OPEN APPROACH [00:40:15]Alessio: We just had a live pod about the, you know, open AI snow mode, uh, post that came out and it was one of the first time I really dove into Laura and some of the this new technologies, like how are you thinking about what it's gonna take for like the open approach to really work?Obviously today, GPT four is still, you know, part of like that state-of-the-art model for a [00:40:30] lot of tasks. Do you think some of the innovation and kind of returning methods that we have today are enough if enough people like you guys are like running these, these research groups that are open? Or do you think we still need a step function improvement there?Jonathan: I think one important point here is the idea of coexistence. I think when you look at, I don't know who won Linux or Windows, the answer is yes. Microsoft bought GitHub and has a Windows subsystem for Linux. Linux runs a huge number of our servers and Microsoft is still a wildly profitable company.Probably the most successful tech company right now. So who won open source or closed source? Yes. Um, and I think that's a similar world that we're gonna be in here where, you know, it's gonna be different things for different purposes. I would not run Linux on my laptop personally cuz I like connecting to wifi and printing things.But I wouldn't run Windows on one of my surfers. And so I do think what we're seeing with a lot of our customers is, do they choose opening IR mosaic? Yes. There's a purpose for each of these. You have to send your data off to somebody else with open eyes models. That's a risk. GPT four is amazing and I would never promise someone that if they come to Mosaic, they're gonna get a GPT four quality model.That's way beyond our means and not what we're trying to do anyway. But there's also a whole world for, you know, domain specific models, context specific models that are really specialized, proprietary, trained on your own data that can do things that you could never do with one of these big models. You can customize in crazy ways like G B T four is not gonna hit 65 K context length for a very long time, cuz they've already trained that [00:42:00] model and you know, they haven't even released the 32 K version yet.So we can, you know, we can do things differently, you know, by being flexible. So I think the answer to all this is yes. But we can't see the open source ecosystem disappear. And that's the scariest thing for me. I hear a lot of talk in academia about, you know, whatever happened to that academic research on this field called information retrieval?Well, in 1999 it disappeared. Why? Because Google came along and who cares about information retrieval research when you know you have a Google Scale, you know, Web Scale database. So you know, there's a balance here. We need to have both. Swyx: I wanna applaud you, Elaine. We'll maybe edit it a little like crowd applause, uh, line.Cuz I, I think that, um, that is something that as a research community, as people interested in progress, we need to see these things instead of just, uh, seeing marketing papers from the advertising GPT 4.Jonathan: Yeah. I, I think I, you know, to get on my soapbox for 10 more seconds. Go ahead. When I talk to policymakers about, you know, the AI ecosystem, the usual fear that I bring up is, Innovation will slow because of lack of openness.I've been complaining about this for years and it's finally happened. Hmm. Why is Google sharing, you know, these papers? Why is Open AI sharing these papers? There are a lot of reasons. You know, I have my own beliefs, but it's not something we should take for granted that everybody's sharing the work that they do and it turns out well, I think we took it for granted for a while and now it's gone.I think it's gonna slow down the pace of progress. In a lot of cases, each of these labs has a bit of a monoculture and being able to pass ideas [00:43:30] back and forth was a lot of what kept, you know, scientific progress moving. So it's imperative not just, you know, for the open source community and for academia, but for the progress of technology.That we have a vibrant open source research community.THE FUTURE OF MOSAIC [00:44:11]Swyx: There's a preview of the ecosystem and commentary that we're, we're gonna do. But I wanna close out some stuff on Mosaic. You launched a bunch of stuff this month. A lot of stuff, uh, actually was, I was listening to you on Gradient descent, uh, and other podcasts we know and love.Uh, and you said you also said you were not gonna do inference and, and, and last week you were like, here's Mosaic ML inference. Oops. So maybe just a, at a high level, what was Mosaic ml and like, what is it growing into? Like how do you conceptualize this? Jonathan: Yeah, and I will say gradient, when graded dissent was recorded, we weren't doing inference and had no plans to do it.It took a little while for the podcast to get out. Um, in the meantime, basically, you know, one thing I've learned at a startup, and I'm sure abhi can comment on this as well, focus is the most important thing. We have done our best work when we've been focused on doing one thing really well and our worst work when we've tried to do lots of things.Yeah. So, We don't want to do inference, we don't want to have had to do inference. Um, and at the end of the day, our customers were begging us to do it because they wanted a good way to serve the models and they liked our ecosystem. And so in some sense, we got dragged into it kicking and screaming. We're very excited to have a product.We're going to put our best foot forward and make something really truly amazing. But there is, you know, that's something that we were reluctant to do. You know, our customers convinced us it would be good for our business. It's been wonderful for business and we are gonna put everything into this, but you know, back when grading dissent came out, I [00:45:00] was thinking like, or when we recorded it or focused, oh God, like focus is the most important thing.I've learned that the hard way multiple times that Mosaic, abhi can tell you like, you know, I've made a lot of mistakes on not focusing enough. Um, boy inference, that's a whole second thing, and a whole different animal from training. And at the end of the day, when we founded the company, our belief was that inference was relatively well served at that time.There were a lot of great inference companies out there. Um, training was not well served, especially efficient training. And we had something to add there. I think we've discovered that as the nature of the models have changed, the nature of what we had to add to inference changed a lot and there became an opportunity for us to contribute something.But that was not the plan. But now we do wanna be the place that people come when they wanna train these big, complex, difficult models and know that it's gonna go right the first time and they're gonna have something they can servee right away. Um, you know, really the rep example of, you know, with 10 days to go saying, Hey, can you please train that model?And, you know, three or four days later the model was trained and we were just having fun doing interesting, fine tuning work in it for the rest of the 10 days, you know. That also requires good inference. Swyx: That's true, that's true. Like, so running evals and, and fine tuning. I'm just putting my business hat on and you know, and Alessio as well, like, uh, I've actually had fights with potential co-founders about this on the primary business.Almost like being training, right? Like essentially a one-time cost.Jonathan: Who told you it was a one time cost? What, who, who told you that?Swyx: No, no, no, no. Correct me. Jonathan: Yeah. Yeah. Let me correct you in two ways. Um, as our CEO Navine would say, if he were here, when you create version 1.0 of your software, do you then fire all the engineers?Of [00:46:30] course not. You never, like, MPT has a thousand different things we wanted to do that we never got to. So, you know, there will be future models.Abhinav: And, and the data that's been trained on is also changing over time too, right? If you wanna ask anything about, I guess like May of 2023, we'll have to retrain it further and so on.Right? And I think this is especially true for customers who run like the kind of things that need to be up to date on world knowledge. So I, I think like, you know, the other thing I would say too is that, The malls we have today are certainly not the best malls we'll ever produce. Right. They're gonna get smaller, they're gonna get faster, they're gonna get cheaper, they're gonna get lower latency, they're gonna get higher quality.Right? And so you always want the next gen version of MPT and the one after that and one after that. There's a reason that even the GPT series goes three, four, and we know there's gonna be a five. Right? Um, so I I I also don't see as a, as a one-time cost.Jonathan: Yeah. Yeah. And I, if you wanna cite a stat on this, there are very, very

On today's episode, I chatted with David Patterson about saying yes to God's plan. This is part two of our conversation.Biography:David is a husband, father, and founder of Yes Catholic. To learn more about his story, read here.Check out David's work at Yes Catholic.Our Sponsors:This is a Good Catholic Podcast.  Use code GBS for 20% your order.Check out  The Catholic Company for all your Catholic merchandise needs! Use code GBS for 20% off your next purchase!If you enjoyed this episode, please provide a review and make sure to subscribe! 

On today's episode, I chatted with David Patterson about saying yes to God's plan. This is part one of our conversation.Biography:David is a husband, father, and founder of Yes Catholic. To learn more about his story, read here. Check out David's work at Yes Catholic.Our Sponsors:This is a Good Catholic Podcast.  Use code GBS for 20% your order.Check out  The Catholic Company for all your Catholic merchandise needs! Use code GBS for 20% off your next purchase!If you enjoyed this episode, please provide a review and make sure to subscribe! 

Hypnosis is more than just a stage trick. Psychologists and other researchers have found that it can be useful in treating pain, anxiety, and a range of other physical and mental health problems. David Patterson, PhD, of the University of Washington, talks about what's happening in people's bodies and brains when they're hypnotized, whether anyone can be hypnotized, the differences between stage hypnosis and hypnosis in therapy, the physical and mental health problems it can help address, and what to look for to find a qualified practitioner. Please help us know more about you and what you would like to hear more of from Speaking of Psychology by filling out our 2023 Audience Survey. For transcripts, links and more information, please visit the Speaking of Psychology Homepage.

In this episode, I'm joined  by David Patterson from Yes Catholic to talk about his own incredible journey out of, and then back into, the Catholic faith – thanks to some amazing miracles, plenty of grace, and some incredible moments of divine providence! Then we dig into what it means to say "Yes" to Christ and His Church, the beauty of being Catholic, the Eucharist, confession, and so many incredible stories of grace that David has encountered in his life and the stories he's heard. It's an awesome episode! For more from David visit his website and follow Yes Catholic on Instagram.Send your feedback to cordialcatholic@gmail.com. Sign up for our newsletter for my reflections on  episodes, behind-the-scenes content, and exclusive contests.To watch this and other episodes please visit (and subscribe to!) our YouTube channel.Please consider financially supporting this show! For more information visit the Patreon page.  All patrons receive access to exclusive content and if you can give $5/mo or more you'll also be entered into monthly draws for fantastic books hand-picked by me.If you'd like to give a one-time donation to The Cordial Catholic, you can visit the PayPal page.Thank you to those already supporting the show!Subscribe to the Bible Car Quiz wherever you find this podcast!Visit Bible Car Quiz for more information. This podcast is brought to you in a special way by our Patreon Co-Producers Gina, Eyram, Susanne, Elli and Tom, Kelvin and Susan, and Stephen.Support the showFind and follow The Cordial Catholic on social media:Instagram: @cordialcatholicTwitter: @cordialcatholicYouTube: /thecordialcatholicFacebook: The Cordial CatholicTikTok: @cordialcatholic

The superstar duo of Cats and Curtis takes Sid's place for the first installment of Sid and Friends in the Morning. There's no hour on air safe from the prowess of Curtis Sliwa and John Catsimatidis never takes a day off so the two kick off the year as only 77 WABC can. Packed with the biggest news locally and nationally, John Cats are joined by a slew of guests including David Patterson, Sid Rosenberg, Roger Stone, Angelo Vivolo, and Peter Guimares, and as always make sure you don't miss out on the Monday installment of Lidia Reports with Lidia Curanaj. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

David Patterson: Former Governor of New York joins Curtis and John Cats to talk about Kathy Hochul's state judge selection and her signing off on the controversial pay increase. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Former Governor David Patterson joins John Catsimatidis and Curtis Sliwa on Sid & Friends in the Morning to discuss the ongoing George Santos controversy. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

On this Tuesday edition of Sid & Friends in the Morning, Frank Morano gets you started as he hosts the opening hour of today's program before John Catsimatidis and Curtis Sliwa come out of the bullpen to take you the rest of the way. The guys dive deep into the controversy surrounding Congressman-elect George Santos and allegations that he had lied about his resume and upbringing. Santos spoke yesterday on the Cats at Night program here at 77 WABC to try and clear the air, but all signs are pointing to the hit-piece in the New York Times being mostly true. What will come of the whole situation? Will Santos still take the congressional seat he won over Democrat Robert Zimmerman, or will a recall election take place to find his replacement? Only time will tell. E. O'Brien Murray, Anthony Weiner, Robert Zimmerman, John McLaughlin, Peter King, David Patterson, Jay Jacobs and Bruce Blakeman join the program, and as always make sure you don't miss out on the Tuesday installment of Lidia Reports with Lidia Curanaj. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices