Podcasts about oaths

Personal affirmation of a statement

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Latest podcast episodes about oaths

Heritage Reformed Congregation
Honoring His Name with Our Oaths

Heritage Reformed Congregation

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 31, 2025 37:12


Cornerstone Berean Church
Chapter 23. 1-5: Of Lawful Oaths and Vows LBCF

Cornerstone Berean Church

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 24, 2025 58:51


Paragraph 1 A lawful oath is a part of religious worship, wherein the person swearing in truth, righteousness, and judgment, solemnly calls God to witness what he swears,1 and to judge him according to the truth or falseness thereof.2 1 Exod. 20:7; Deut. 10:20; Jer. 4:2 2 2 Chron. 6:22–23 — Paragraph 2 The name of God only is that by which men ought to swear; and therein it is to be used, with all holy fear and reverence; therefore to swear vainly or rashly by that glorious and dreadful name, or to swear at all by any other thing, is sinful, and to be abhorred;3 yet as in matter of weight and moment, for confirmation of truth, and ending all strife, an oath is warranted by the word of God;4 so a lawful oath being imposed by lawful authority in such matters, ought to be taken.5 3 Matt. 5:34,37; James 5:12 4 Heb. 6:16; 2 Cor. 1:23 5 Neh. 13:25 — Paragraph 3 Whosoever takes an oath warranted by the word of God, ought duly to consider the weightiness of so solemn an act, and therein to avouch nothing but what he knows to be truth; for that by rash, false, and vain oaths, the Lord is provoked, and for them this land mourns.6 6 Lev. 19:12; Jer. 23:10 — Paragraph 4 An oath is to be taken in the plain and common sense of the words, without equivocation or mental reservation.7 7 Ps. 24:4 — Paragraph 5 A vow, which is not to be made to any creature, but to God alone, is to be made and performed with all religious care and faithfulness;8 but popish monastical vows of perpetual single life,9 professed poverty,10 and regular obedience, are so far from being degrees of higher perfection, that they are superstitious and sinful snares, in which no Christian may entangle himself.11 8 Ps. 76:11; Gen. 28:20–22 9 1 Cor. 7:2,9 10 Eph. 4:28 11 Matt. 19:11

Generations Radio
Oaths, Vows, and the Fear of God – What Does the Bible Say About That?

Generations Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 20, 2025 27:20


There is a lack of fear of God in the average Christian's language today. What is it that drives our language? Do we fear God, or is our language filled with taking God's name in vain or using minced oaths? In addition to this discussion on language, Josh and Kevin touch on vows and the importance of keeping vows that are made. This program includes: 1. The World View in 5 Minutes with Adam McManus (Bank of America will stop "debanking" conservatives; Trump wants to end mail-in ballots; Muslim Nigerians killed 7,000 Christians this year) 2. Generations with Kevin Swanson

Kevin Swanson on SermonAudio
Oaths, Vows, and the Fear of God – What Does the Bible Say About That?

Kevin Swanson on SermonAudio

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 20, 2025 27:00


A new MP3 sermon from Generations Radio is now available on SermonAudio with the following details: Title: Oaths, Vows, and the Fear of God – What Does the Bible Say About That? Speaker: Kevin Swanson Broadcaster: Generations Radio Event: Radio Broadcast Date: 8/20/2025 Length: 27 min.

Kevin Swanson on SermonAudio
Oaths, Vows, and the Fear of God – What Does the Bible Say About That?

Kevin Swanson on SermonAudio

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 20, 2025 20:00


A new MP3 sermon from Generations Radio is now available on SermonAudio with the following details: Title: Oaths, Vows, and the Fear of God – What Does the Bible Say About That? Subtitle: What Does the Bible Say? Speaker: Kevin Swanson Broadcaster: Generations Radio Event: Radio Broadcast Date: 8/20/2025 Length: 20 min.

Zakir Naik
What if a Muslim Makes Promises and Oaths to Allah but Fails to Keep them

Zakir Naik

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 16, 2025 10:06


Look Out, Sir! 40k
214. Ale or Oaths? New Black Templars and Space Wolves Codex Supplement vibes

Look Out, Sir! 40k

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 15, 2025 152:09


Send us a textIn EPISODE TWO HUNDRED FOURTEEN (214) of the "LOOK OUT, SIR! 40K" Podcast, Phil and Dan discuss Codex Supplements Black Templars and Space Wolves.  Huge thank you to AVERAGE HERETIC for the 5 STAR REVIEW via APPLE PODCASTS GREAT BRITAIN, we massively appreciate your support. Cheers! Please consider supporting LOOK OUT, SIR! on PATREON, which occasionally features fancy EXCLUSIVE CONTENT: https://www.patreon.com/lookoutsir40k We also have MERCHANDISE available to purchase from Rev-Level: https://www.rev-level.com/lookoutsir40k  LOOK OUT, SIR!'S SOCIAL MEDIA LINKS:• Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lookoutsir/ • Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lookoutsir40k/ • YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/lookoutsir40k  PHIL'S SOCIAL MEDIA LINKS:• Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/beyondthetabletop/ • YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAxBqN_9PHjajPLoIKKNi6w  DAN'S SOCIAL MEDIA LINK:• Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/i.r.invested.in.unexpected/  Thanks very much for taking the time to listen and by extension support our podcast. We hugely appreciate it and hope that you enjoy the show.

That's Spooky
361 - Blasting Oaths

That's Spooky

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 13, 2025 83:21


He'll weave a yard wide! This week, Johnny and Tyler are covering part two of the legend of the Bell Witch. Plus: trying to start beef with Hulk Hogan's ghost, a TERF kicks up a fuss because they don't understand the world around them, and the events leading to Tyler touching a piece of the Titanic this past weekend.Join the Secret Society That Doesn't Suck for exclusive weekly mini episodes, livestreams, and a whole lot more! patreon.com/thatsspookyCheck out our new and improved apparel store with tons of new designs! thatsspooky.com/storeCheck out our website for show notes, photos, and more at thatsspooky.comFollow us on Instagram for photos from today's episode and all the memes @thatsspookypodWe're on Twitter! Follow us at @thatsspookypodDon't forget to send your spooky stories to thatsspookypod@gmail.comSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Unfiltered Rise
203. Exposing Tainted Bloodlines, Sealed In Blood Oaths

Unfiltered Rise

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 13, 2025 118:28 Transcription Available


Welcoming Free The Rabbits Joel Thomas to the show to talk Nephilim shit! That's right.... Is there such a thing as a "good" Nephilim?Joel makes a good argument for just that in this episode!Come join us as we talk about his time as a Freemason, his new series Rex Deus, upcoming releases and more.You won't want to miss it this one is a great chat!!!Thank You for the time and discussion Joel. Please check out all his awesome work below.Guest Links

Inspire Church
HBO (Honesty Behind Oaths) / Pastor Dani Castillo

Inspire Church

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 3, 2025 44:43


Are you truthful in all your speech and conduct? Are you being truthful because of fear of disappointing others or are you motivated by the character and grace of God. In this episode, we explore Matthew 5:33–37, where Jesus teaches about oaths, truthfulness, and the deeper meaning of integrity in God's Kingdom. What did Jesus really mean when said not to swear oaths at all? What does it mean to let your ‘Yes' be ‘Yes' and your ‘No' be ‘No'? Join us as we unpack the historical context of oaths, the heart behind Jesus' words, and how this teaching challenges us to live with honest, consistent character—without relying on a higher witness to prove our truthfulness.

Hebrew Nation Online
Mark Call – Torah Teaching for Parsha “Matot”

Hebrew Nation Online

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 27, 2025 125:21


This week's annual cycle Torah reading is parsha "Pinchas," Numbers 30:2 through chapter 32) and - in part at least - it wraps up one of the mysteries in the Torah, how can a people so blessed of YHVH fall so quickly into idolatry, and beset by 'plague?' But there is far more, and the issue of "vows" literally envelops the narrative. As it still does today. The Erev Shabbat reading: https://hebrewnationonline.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/SSM-7-25-25-Matot-teaching-podcast-xxx.mp3 The Sabbath Day midrash is at attempt to connect a collection of dots that range from broken vows and lying prophets to bioweaponry and ELE asteroid impacts. The prophet Bilaam really wanted to curse the mixed multitude of Israel, but was explicitly forbidden to do so, on pain of death - as he learned "the hard way." Only "the word that Elohim puts in my mouth, that I shall speak." And yet, like so many ancient popes and modern traitors in politics, he thought he was smarter than God Himself, and could find a "workaround." It cost him. Today we don't have a Moses to "hang 'em high," or a Pinchas to literally run them through, 'en flagrante delecto,' with a spear. Which only makes the potential consequences all the more deadly. And imminent. "Matot: From Vows and Oaths to Lying Prophets and then Treason - to Plagues and Planet X" https://hebrewnationonline.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/WT-CooH-7-26-25-Matot-Broken-Vows-Lying-Prophets-Treason-and-Planet-X-podcast-xxx.mp3 The combined two-part reading and Sabbath midrash:

Zeph Daniel
THE OATHS

Zeph Daniel

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 25, 2025 94:18


THOU SHALT DO HARM USA TO PROSPER. Even so, resist decadence and the worship of $$$$$. Trade is Peace. Peace is Trade. Trump hermoraging disappointed MAGA people over Epstein. Testimony about the attempted murder, and murders, that go on in hospitals.

Zeph Daniel Musica
The Oaths

Zeph Daniel Musica

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 25, 2025 94:18


THOU SHALT DO HARM USA TO PROSPER. Even so, resist decadence and the worship of $$$$$. Trade is Peace. Peace is Trade. Trump hermoraging disappointed MAGA people over Epstein. Testimony about the attempted murder, and murders, that go on in hospitals.

Zeph Report Podcast
THE OATHS

Zeph Report Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 25, 2025 94:18


THOU SHALT DO HARM USA TO PROSPER. Even so, resist decadence and the worship of $$$$$. Trade is Peace. Peace is Trade. Trump hermoraging disappointed MAGA people over Epstein. Testimony about the attempted murder, and murders, that go on in hospitals.

The History of Cologne
#90 Broken Promises - Engelbert II von Falkenburg's War on His Own City

The History of Cologne

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 21, 2025 28:48


In 1263, Cologne stood at a crossroads — again. Just a year after forcing Archbishop Engelbert II von Falkenburg into a peace agreement, the city found itself betrayed. Oaths had been made, sealed, and sworn before God. But behind the scenes, the archbishop plotted revenge — aided by papal absolution and secret plans to arrest the city's leaders.

The Cass and Anthony Podcast
Tabasco chugging, yeti blood oaths, and beer bottle in the booty

The Cass and Anthony Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 21, 2025 51:59


We are back with tales of the strange in Ill-Advised News with Tabasco chugging fighters and a fireman using his hose for all the wrong reasons. Anthony shares his amazing experience at the National Comedy Center, we play Can’t Beat Cassiday, and we hear an update on the jury duty saga. We have a teen with a bomb threat and a yeti blood oath in the 2nd Ill-Advised News, a beer bottle that is 100% going to end up in someone’s bum, and we pay tribute to birthday boy Robin Williams with a round of “What The Flick”. Support the show and follow us here Twitter, Insta, Apple, Amazon, Spotify and the Edge! See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

cloverpasscommunitychurch's podcast
Oaths and Vows | Pastor Jake Beaty

cloverpasscommunitychurch's podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 20, 2025 44:06


Sunday Service at Clover Pass Community Church in Ketchikan, Alaska Matthew 5:33-37

Catholic Answers Live
#12289 The Covenants of God – Questions About Sacraments and Oaths - Marcus Peter

Catholic Answers Live

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 18, 2025


In this episode Dr. Marcus Peter answers questions about the covenants of God. He discusses how covenants tie into our modern Sacrements and how covenantal theology is key to understanding the Catholic faith! Join The CA Live Club Newsletter: Click Here Invite our apologists to speak at your parish! Visit Catholicanswersspeakers.com Questions Covered: 44:24 – Is there a relationship between the term sacramentum and oath. Would calling a sacrament an oath detract from its proper meaning? 51:08 – Should you keep engaging with a person who is having a sin conversation and wont correct it?

Calvary Carlsbad
"Oaths, Integrity and Manipulations" - Matthew 5:33-37

Calvary Carlsbad

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 13, 2025 54:41


The Live recording of the 10 am Service at Steadfast Church in Carlsbad, California with Pastor Chris Fik, July 13, 2025.

Legends of Avantris
Icebound | Ep. 35 | Bitter Oaths

Legends of Avantris

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 4, 2025 146:12


Our heroes pursue knowledge and delve deep into the past...   Gain access to an exclusive campaign, Shroud Over Saltmarsh, over on Patreon: https://legendsofavantris.com/patreon The Crooked Moon, a folk horror supplement for 5e, is available for preorder! Get the Crooked Moon at: https://thecrookedmoon.com/ Watch more D&D adventures in the world of Avantris live on Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/legendsofavantris Check out our merch store: https://shop.legendsofavantris.com  Join our community on Discord: https://legendsofavantris.com/discord Watch our many campaigns on YouTube: https://legendsofavantris.com/youtube  All other links: https://linktr.ee/legendsofavantris   Watch the full episode here: 

Theology Central
Put Your Hand Where?

Theology Central

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 4, 2025 40:40


Abraham's servant swears an oath by placing his hand under Abraham's thigh—a strange moment with deep meaning. What's behind this ancient gesture, and what does it teach us about covenant and commitment today?

Sportsmen's Nation - Whitetail Hunting
The Migration - Oaths, Honor & Becoming the Right Kind of Waterfowler with Drew Smith

Sportsmen's Nation - Whitetail Hunting

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 26, 2025 112:31


On this episode of the Migration Waterfowl Podcast, your host Brian Halbleib talks with Drew Smith, an active duty Green Beret and passionate waterfowl hunter. They discuss Drew's journey from Louisiana to North Carolina, the allure of waterfowl hunting and the importance of mentorship in recruiting new hunters. Drew shares his experiences in the field, cooking techniques for waterfowl and the challenges of transitioning between different flyways. He also talks about his venture into creating a waterfowl clothing line, focusing on affordable, high-quality gear that enhances the hunting experience. The conversation highlights the camaraderie and culture surrounding waterfowl hunting, emphasizing the need for community and feedback in the hunting world. You can learn more about Drew here: https://www.canardswaterfowl.com Takeaways: Drew's journey from Louisiana to North Carolina highlights the diverse experiences in waterfowl hunting. The importance of mentorship in recruiting new hunters is crucial for the future of the sport. Cooking and sharing meals from hunts enhances the hunting experience and builds camaraderie. Drew emphasizes the significance of understanding bird behavior and pressure in different hunting regions. The transition from the Mississippi Flyway to the Atlantic Flyway presents unique challenges and learning opportunities. Drew's passion for waterfowl hunting is evident in his storytelling and experiences. The need for affordable, high-quality waterfowl clothing is a gap Drew aims to fill with his brand. Creating a positive hunting experience is essential for retaining new hunters. Drew's experiences in the military influence his approach to outdoor gear and clothing design. The importance of community feedback in developing new products is a key focus for Drew's brand.   Feel free to reach out to us: migrationwaterfowl@gmail.com Facebook, Instagram, YouTube & TikTok: @migrationwaterfowl Migration Waterfowl Store https://tinyurl.com/MigrationWaterfowlStore Migration Waterfowl is presented by: Blue Bird Waterfowl https://bluebirdwaterfowl.com And also brought to you by these fine partners: The Duck Hole & Company https://m.facebook.com/duckholecompany Rig'Em Right Outdoors https://rigemright.com Flight Day Ammunition https://www.flightdayammo.com 10% off with code MW10 Aves Hunting https://aveshunting.com Northern Duck Calls https://www.northernduckcalls.com Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Hear the Good News
Freedom From Vows, Oaths and Curses

Hear the Good News

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 22, 2025


The Bible takes vows, oaths, and curses very seriously, and the consequences can be severe. That said, the Gospel brings freedom. How can you be free from vows, oaths or curses? Find out.

Talking Talmud
Shevuot 49: Guardian Oaths

Talking Talmud

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 20, 2025 25:50


The last daf of the masekhet! And, interestingly enough, a new chapter (8)! With a new mishnah delineating the levels of responsibility for each of the 4 guardians, depending on the potential conflict (and need for an oath) with the original owner. Also, Gemara on the cases of the mishnah, including the disputes about how and when the guardians would take an oath.

Legally Speaking with Michael Mulligan
Bible, Chicken, or Dog? The Bizarre World of Courtroom Oaths

Legally Speaking with Michael Mulligan

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 20, 2025 22:06 Transcription Available


The legal landscape in Canada continues to evolve with significant implications for sexual assault cases, courtroom procedures, and sentencing guidelines.A groundbreaking Supreme Court of Canada decision has overturned a British Columbia sexual assault conviction in a case where prosecutors introduced evidence about the complainant's sexual inexperience without proper screening. The Court established that "sexual inactivity evidence" – including statements about virginity or lack of sexual interest – must face the same strict admissibility standards as evidence about past sexual activity. This landmark ruling recognizes that just as past consent doesn't imply present consent, past abstinence doesn't imply present non-consent. The decision extends protections against "twin myth reasoning" to both sides of the courtroom, requiring voir dire hearings whenever either Crown or defence wishes to introduce evidence about sexual history or the lack thereof.Meanwhile, the BC Supreme Court has issued a fascinating new practice direction on witness oaths and affirmations. While the Bible remains available in courtrooms, witnesses wishing to swear upon other religious or cultural items must now bring their own. The directive specifically addresses concerns about ceremonial practices that might compromise courtroom "dignity, decorum and/or safety" – a provision likely influenced by historical oath ceremonies involving chicken beheadings, candle-burning rituals, saucer-smashing, and other culturally-specific practices. This raises profound questions about the continued relevance of religious declarations in modern court proceedings and whether simply affirming to tell the truth might better serve justice.The courts also clarified the binding nature of joint submissions in a manslaughter case involving a man whose push led to his girlfriend's accidental fatal fall from a cliff. The BC Court of Appeal emphasized that judges cannot "tinker" with sentencing agreements between prosecution and defence unless they would "bring the administration of justice into disrepute." This high threshold protects the plea bargaining system that keeps our courts functioning. These cases collectively demonstrate how Canadian courts continue to balance procedural fairness, cultural sensitivity, and practical administration of justice in an evolving society. Subscribe to hear more analysis of pivotal legal developments that shape our justice system and reflect our changing social values.Follow this link for a transcript of the show and links to the cases discussed.

Talking Talmud
Shevuot 47: No Oaths? Divide the Funds

Talking Talmud

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 17, 2025 12:55


If one or both parties to litigation are suspect with regard to oaths, they can't take oaths, so they divide the funds and carry on. But Rav Nachman said he didn't know the halakhah in this case - which was surprising, perhaps, but when push came to shove, he did determine this to be the practice too. Also, contradictory witnesses - 2 pairs - which are understand differently by Rav Huna and Rav Hisda.

Daily Mitzvah (Audio) - by Mendel Kaplan
Daily Mitzvah, Day 106: Vain Oaths

Daily Mitzvah (Audio) - by Mendel Kaplan

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 14, 2025 13:34


vain oaths daily mitzvah
Talking Talmud
Shevuot 39: Sinners, Punishment and Righteous Oaths

Talking Talmud

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 10, 2025 18:30


This episode and our future learning for the time being are dedicated to the speedy recovery of בילא פריידא בת העניא מינא - Baila Freyda bat Henya Minna (with apologies for any mis-transliteration). Beginning with some words of explanation for our recent delays.... and moving on to further discussion of false oaths, wicked people, lying, the punishments that take place, and why the courts administer oaths the way they do. Plus, the insidious "reed of Rava."

Talking Talmud
Shevuot 36: More Curses - and Oaths for Monetary Matters

Talking Talmud

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 6, 2025 26:37


Finishing chapter 4 and beginning chapter 5! The term "Amen" has an element of an oath to it. As does "No." And "Yes." With support from God's promise to never destroy the earth via water again. Plus, what happens when an oath is in the form a curse, swearing to the negative? When would the Ineffable Name of God be required - if one is going to curse "in the name of God"? A new mishnah! (with the new chapter) - An oath over a deposit or collateral. How aware does the oath-taker need to be of a violation, in order to be liable for a false oath? Plus, the penalties and liabilities...including personal injury - as a monetary issue.

Shallow Dive Daf Yomi
Shavuos 31b -32b

Shallow Dive Daf Yomi

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 5, 2025 97:07


Oaths of testimony

Revival Is Now with Apostle Kathryn Krick
Ex-Witch Shares What Hell is Like, Being Possessed by Demons, Blood Oaths & How She Was Set Free - Episode 216

Revival Is Now with Apostle Kathryn Krick

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 3, 2025 110:00


On this new episode of the Revival Is Now Podcast, April shares about her experience as a witch, seeing hell and what it was like to be possessed by demons. She then shares how she was completely set free from every demon after coming to 5F Church and encountering the power of God. This is a MUST LISTEN episode! The devil's schemes are exposed and you will discover the keys that unlock deliverance for even high level oppression and curses. Ex-Witch Shares What Hell is Like, Being Possessed by Demons, Blood Oaths & How She Was Set Free Watch Here To order Apostle Kathryn's new book “Unlock Your Deliverance” order anywhere books are sold and get access to bonuses at unlockyourdeliverance.com

Talking Talmud
Shevuot 29: Flying Camels

Talking Talmud

Play Episode Listen Later May 31, 2025 18:11


2 mishnayot! 1 - If someone swears that something is factually incorrect is in fact true, or if someone swears about something that is impossible to have seen. But what if he's swearing to something as he understands it? There's concern about the plain meaning of words as people understand them. 2 - Oaths that one takes to confirm that one's statement is true - shevuat bitui - in contrast to the one taken in court. Plus, one who says "Amen" to a formulation of an oath without uttering all the words of the oath is akin to one who did utter all of the words. It amounts to taking an oath.

Daf Yomi for Women - Hadran
Shevuot 25 - Yom Yerushalayim - May 26, 28 Iyar

Daf Yomi for Women - Hadran

Play Episode Listen Later May 26, 2025 47:14


Today's daf is sponsored in honor of Ariel Bruce on her birthday. "A wonderful daughter, wife, and mother of three beautiful, strong, sweet children. May this year bring you only happiness and peace to Kol Yisrael. All our love, Saba, Steve and Savta Lisa."  Today's daf is sponsored by Rebecca Darshan in memory of (lilui nishmat) Helene Isaacs, her mother, on the occasion of her 25th yahrzeit. "She encouraged women's learning and especially loved learning in Jerusalem during the last 10 years of her life. Her life was too short in years, but full every day." The Mishna delineates different possible oaths of expression (shevuot bitui), both those relating to future actions and past actions. Rabbi Yishmael does not hold that past oaths are considered oaths of expression for which one would be liable to bring a sacrifice. Oaths can apply to intangible matters, whereas vows cannot. However, vows can apply to a mitzva while an oath cannot, as one can render the object of a mitzva forbidden, such as a sukka, through a vow. Rav and Shmuel disagree about a case where one takes an oath that someone else threw or didn't throw a stone in the sea. Rav holds the oath is valid as it can be stated in both the positive and negative formulations. Shmuel holds the oath is invalid as it cannot be stated in the future, as one cannot take an oath regarding an action that is out of one's control, and whether or not someone else will throw a stone or not is out of one's control. The Gemara makes two attempts to connect the debate of Rav and Shmuel to a tannaitic debate, but both attempts are unsuccessful. The Gemara raises two difficulties on Shmuel's opinion from tannitic sources but resolves both difficulties. Why did the Torah create a different category for a shevuat haedut, one who withholds testimony, if it could have been considered an oath of expression? Rava and Abaye have different approaches to understanding the connection between the two categories.