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How does World War I poetry help us understand the complexity of the experience of the war? Why was poetry so important then? Why does the poetry of World War I continue to have such resonance? To answer these questions, the World War I Podcast hosted two subject matter experts: Dr. Connie Ruzich, Professor of English at Robert Morris University and editor of International Poetry of the First World War: An Anthology of Lost Voices, and Dr. Jennifer Orth-Veillon, a professor at Georgia Tech - Metz and editor of Beyond Their Limits of Longing: Contemporary Writers and Veterans on the Lingering Stories of WWI. Follow us: Twitter: @MacArthur1880 Amanda Williams on Twitter: @AEWilliamsClark Facebook/Instagram: @MacArthurMemorial www.macarthurmemorial.org
Three poems about war and the history that made them Blog: https://acunit.home.blog/2023/11/14/war-poetry/ --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/zebmc/message
Justin Eggen is an award-winning poet and U.S. Marine Corps combat veteran studying war poetry at Florida Atlantic University. He joins us to talk about using poetry to unravel his war experience.
Ukraine may be the only country on earth that owes its existence, at least in part, to a poet. Ever since the appearance of Taras Shevchenko's Kobzar in 1840, poetry has played an outsized role in Ukrainian culture. "Our anthology begins: Letters of the alphabet go to war and ends with I am writing/ and all my people are writing," note the editors of this volume, acclaimed poets Carolyn Forché and Ilya Kaminsky. "It includes poets whose work is known to thousands of people, who are translated into dozens of languages, as well as those who are relatively unknown in the West." The poems in In the Hour of War: Poetry from Ukraine (Arrowsmith Press, 2023) offer a startling look at the way language both affects and reflects the realities of war and extremity. This anthology is sure to become the classic text marking not only one of the darkest periods in Ukrainian history, but also a significant moment in the universal struggle for democracy and human rights. Nataliya Shpylova-Saeed has a Ph.D. in Slavic languages and literatures (Indiana University, 2022). Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/poetry
Ukraine may be the only country on earth that owes its existence, at least in part, to a poet. Ever since the appearance of Taras Shevchenko's Kobzar in 1840, poetry has played an outsized role in Ukrainian culture. "Our anthology begins: Letters of the alphabet go to war and ends with I am writing/ and all my people are writing," note the editors of this volume, acclaimed poets Carolyn Forché and Ilya Kaminsky. "It includes poets whose work is known to thousands of people, who are translated into dozens of languages, as well as those who are relatively unknown in the West." The poems in In the Hour of War: Poetry from Ukraine (Arrowsmith Press, 2023) offer a startling look at the way language both affects and reflects the realities of war and extremity. This anthology is sure to become the classic text marking not only one of the darkest periods in Ukrainian history, but also a significant moment in the universal struggle for democracy and human rights. Nataliya Shpylova-Saeed has a Ph.D. in Slavic languages and literatures (Indiana University, 2022). Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/literature
Ukraine may be the only country on earth that owes its existence, at least in part, to a poet. Ever since the appearance of Taras Shevchenko's Kobzar in 1840, poetry has played an outsized role in Ukrainian culture. "Our anthology begins: Letters of the alphabet go to war and ends with I am writing/ and all my people are writing," note the editors of this volume, acclaimed poets Carolyn Forché and Ilya Kaminsky. "It includes poets whose work is known to thousands of people, who are translated into dozens of languages, as well as those who are relatively unknown in the West." The poems in In the Hour of War: Poetry from Ukraine (Arrowsmith Press, 2023) offer a startling look at the way language both affects and reflects the realities of war and extremity. This anthology is sure to become the classic text marking not only one of the darkest periods in Ukrainian history, but also a significant moment in the universal struggle for democracy and human rights. Nataliya Shpylova-Saeed has a Ph.D. in Slavic languages and literatures (Indiana University, 2022). Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network
Ukraine may be the only country on earth that owes its existence, at least in part, to a poet. Ever since the appearance of Taras Shevchenko's Kobzar in 1840, poetry has played an outsized role in Ukrainian culture. "Our anthology begins: Letters of the alphabet go to war and ends with I am writing/ and all my people are writing," note the editors of this volume, acclaimed poets Carolyn Forché and Ilya Kaminsky. "It includes poets whose work is known to thousands of people, who are translated into dozens of languages, as well as those who are relatively unknown in the West." The poems in In the Hour of War: Poetry from Ukraine (Arrowsmith Press, 2023) offer a startling look at the way language both affects and reflects the realities of war and extremity. This anthology is sure to become the classic text marking not only one of the darkest periods in Ukrainian history, but also a significant moment in the universal struggle for democracy and human rights. Nataliya Shpylova-Saeed has a Ph.D. in Slavic languages and literatures (Indiana University, 2022). Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/eastern-european-studies
Ukraine may be the only country on earth that owes its existence, at least in part, to a poet. Ever since the appearance of Taras Shevchenko's Kobzar in 1840, poetry has played an outsized role in Ukrainian culture. "Our anthology begins: Letters of the alphabet go to war and ends with I am writing/ and all my people are writing," note the editors of this volume, acclaimed poets Carolyn Forché and Ilya Kaminsky. "It includes poets whose work is known to thousands of people, who are translated into dozens of languages, as well as those who are relatively unknown in the West." The poems in In the Hour of War: Poetry from Ukraine (Arrowsmith Press, 2023) offer a startling look at the way language both affects and reflects the realities of war and extremity. This anthology is sure to become the classic text marking not only one of the darkest periods in Ukrainian history, but also a significant moment in the universal struggle for democracy and human rights. Nataliya Shpylova-Saeed has a Ph.D. in Slavic languages and literatures (Indiana University, 2022). Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Russia launched its full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, but Vladimir Putin's forces have been nibbling at the edges of the country since 2014. Or one could say that the war began “long before 2014 by way of colonial imperial politics, suppression of language cultures, mass hunger, and terror,” as the poets Carolyn Forché and Ilya Kaminsky write in the introduction to In the Hour of War, their new anthology of contemporary Ukrainian poetry. “This is a poetry marked by a radical confrontation with the evil of genocide,” they write. “Does poetry have the tensile strength to embody such a confrontation?” The anthology seeks to answer that question with the help of its diverse contributors: “soldier poets, rock-star poets, poets who write in more than one language, poets whose hometowns have been bombed and who have escaped to the West, poets who stayed in their hometowns despite bombardments, poets who have spoken to parliaments and on TV, poets who refused to give interviews, poets who said that metaphors don't work in wartime and poets whose metaphors startle.” Forché joins us this week on the podcast to talk about the surprising “life-giving force of these poems.”Go beyond the episode:In the Hour of War: Poetry from Ukraine, edited by Carolyn Forché and Ilya KaminskyListen to Serhiy Zhadan's “Take Only What Is Most Important” on our Read Me a Poem podcastRead Megan Buskey's essay on the long, unfortunate history of Ukrainian displacementTune in every week to catch interviews with the liveliest voices from literature, the arts, sciences, history, and public affairs; reports on cutting-edge works in progress; long-form narratives; and compelling excerpts from new books. Hosted by Stephanie Bastek. Follow us on Twitter @TheAmScho or on Facebook.Subscribe: iTunes • Stitcher • Google Play • AcastHave suggestions for projects you'd like us to catch up on, or writers you want to hear from? Send us a note: podcast [at] theamericanscholar [dot] org. And rate us on iTunes! Our theme music was composed by Nathan Prillaman. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
Slovakia Today, English Language Current Affairs Programme from Slovak Radio
During the early months of the First World War, Pavol Országh Hviezdoslav, one of Slovakia's greatest literary figures, wrote a series of short but passionate anti-war poems which eventually became known as the ‘Bloody Sonnets', but which were impossible to publish as long as the war lasted. Today we replay Jonathan's interview with John Minahane, whose English translation of the Bloody Sonnets was published in 2018 and later presented to the late Queen Elizabeth II, about this remarkable work by one of Slovakia's most renowned figures.
Novelist Lavie Tidhar discusses with Ivan six things which should be better known. Lavie Tidhar was born just ten miles from Armageddon and grew up on a kibbutz in northern Israel. He has since made his home in London, where he is currently a Visiting Professor and Writer in Residence at Richmond University. He won the Jerwood Fiction Uncovered Prize for Best British Fiction, was twice longlisted for the International Dublin Literary Award and was shortlisted for the CWA Dagger Award and the Rome Prize. He co-wrote Art and War: Poetry, Pulp and Politics in Israeli Fiction, and is a columnist for the Washington Post. His latest novel is Maror, published by Head of Zeus, which is available at https://www.waterstones.com/book/maror/lavie-tidhar/9781838931353. Joseph Grimaldi's grave https://londonist.com/london/videos/grimaldi-s-cave Bislama http://www.pentecostisland.net/languages/bislama/guide.htm Marek Hlasko http://cosmopolitanreview.com/killing-the-second-dog/ Rarg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8EGIG-Sq5-c Castro Mojito https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/recipes/beer-mojito The Israeli Mafia https://www.tabletmag.com/sections/israel-middle-east/articles/a-field-guide-to-israeli-organized-crime This podcast is powered by ZenCast.fm
Has American life become 'uniquely stupid? If so how did it happen and what does it have to do with a like button? We need to start feeding the earth, after all it feeds us, but with what? We have the answer in our bodies right now. The world wars produced some of the greatest poetry we know, why have recent conflicts not done the same?
Has American life become 'uniquely stupid? If so how did it happen and what does it have to do with a like button? We need to start feeding the earth, after all it feeds us, but with what? We have the answer in our bodies right now. The world wars produced some of the greatest poetry we know, why have recent conflicts not done the same?
Live Poetry for samplingSearch and download for free our amazing complete database of amazing sounds and special effects herehttps://www.tale-teller.club/free-sfxNo sign up needed, immediate downloads.Check our free social network platform for musicians and artists www.tale-teller.club/forumCheck out our own story www.tale-teller.club/immersionauthentic-sfx #game_audio #gaming_tools #loops #reels #shorts #youtube #tiktok #sound #soundeffects #specialeffects #free #logicpro #taleteller #taletellerclub #soundrecordings #ASMR #recordings #studio #creators #creatortools #soundtracks #postedit #freedownloads #audio #audiotools #audiorecording #podcaster #podcasttools #gamedesigners #musicians #filmmakers #juicysounds #free-lessons #digital-music-school #digi-mus #ads #advertising #voiceover #vocals #taletellers #taletellerclub #soundscape #sound_designer #audio_tricks #loopmaster #juicy_loops #loopscatalogue #cubase #garageband #royalty_free #Greatdownloads #no-copyright #free_stuff #instagram_tools #facebook_video #Online_library #immersive #immersion #make_believe #story #stortellers #storytelling, #nocatch #100%free #moods #ambient #trance #ambient #imovie#music #musicpodcasts #musician #composer #digitalmusic #arranger #performer #how_to_create_soundtracks #soundtracks_fo_film, #classical #classicallytrained #contemporarymusic #recordingartists #††ç #TTC #entertainers, #apple_loops_ alternative #ringtone #ringtone_samples #create_ringtones#Live_backing_tracks #tale_teller_club #sarnia #sarnia-de-la-mare #pro_tools#makemovies, #howto #learn #learnfilmmaking #filmschool #video_art #filmsecrets#specialeffects #freetools #logicprofree #taleteller #taletellerclub #soundrecordings #ASMR #recordings #studio #creators #creatortools #soundtracks #postedit #freedownloads #audio #audiotools #audiorecording #podcaster #podcasttools #gamedesigners #musicians #filmmakers #juicysounds #free-lessons #digital-music-school #moody #mood_creation #petrifying_sounds #funny_sounds #games #game #gaming #online_filmschool #create_tension #synth #processed#electronic #electronic_sfx
Read by Christopher KendrickProduction and Sound Design by Kevin Seaman
We spoke to Dr. Sabina Knight of Smith for a two-part conversation on her book: Chinese Literature: A Very Short Introduction. In part one, we discuss the historic & contemporary influence that Daoism, Confucianism & Anti-War Poetry have had on China's literature & literary culture. For more w. Dr. Knight you can find her book here: https://global.oup.com/academic/product/chinese-literature-a-very-short-introduction-9780195392067?cc=us&lang=en& And on Twitter at: https://twitter.com/SabinaKnight1 Music by Mist3r: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C8Z45wzwYSg
Slovakia Today, English Language Current Affairs Programme from Slovak Radio
In November we celebrated the centenary of the death of Pavol Országh Hviezdoslav, one of Slovakia's greatest literary figures, and today we repeat a story from back then focused on his so-called ‘Bloody Sonnets' – a series of short but passionate anti-war poems written in 1914 during the early months of the First World War, but which were impossible to publish as long as the war lasted. Jonathan speaks with John Minahane, whose English translation of the Bloody Sonnets was published in 2018, about this remarkable work by one of Slovakia's most renowned figures. The existence of species of bacteria on earth that are nearly impossible to kill have suggested to scientists that there may be similar forms of life present in the extremely harsh environments of nearby planets like Mars. Jonathan speaks with astrobiologist Tomáš Paulech of the Astronomical and Geophysical Observatory in Modra.
SummaryThis week on the Tragedy Academy podcast, Jay rolls out a very big welcome for the talented multi-disciplinary artist, Katie Chonacas (aka KYRIAKI). Not only has Katie acted in numerous productions with A-list stars, but she also recently released a book of poetry and her debut album, Dreamland 1111. Jay and Katie dive deep into her musical inspirations, her revolutionary work creating NFTs and the future of art in the blockchain. Be sure you don't miss out on this episode, and don't forget to check out Katie's podcast, She's All Over The Place!Key Points
Our beloved friend and colleague Petra Mayer died suddenly a few weeks ago. This episode is for her. First, a conversation with NPR's Scott Simon and Sir Andrew Motion on The Folio Book of War Poetry, edited by Motion. Among her many nerdy interests, Petra was a self avowed "WWI poetry dork." The poetry is dark and moving, conveying universal feelings around loss. Then, a few quintessentially "Petra" pieces that capture her work and who she was. A conversation with romance author Beverly Jenkins and Petra talking about one of her favorite comfort reads, The Goblin Emperor by Katherine Addison.
https://www.youtube.com/c/ami1649/ --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/ami1649/message
Slovakia Today, English Language Current Affairs Programme from Slovak Radio
As we continue this week to celebrate the centenary of the death of Pavol Országh Hviezdoslav, one of Slovakia's greatest literary figures, today we focus on his so-called ‘Bloody Sonnets' – a series of short but passionate anti-war poems written in 1914 during the early months of the First World War, but which were impossible to publish as long as the war lasted. Jonathan speaks with John Minahane, whose English translation of the Bloody Sonnets was published in 2018, about this remarkable work by one of Slovakia's most renowned figures.
Production and Sound Design by Kevin Seaman
Chris, Tom and Tony dive in to the new season, our recent glorious victory in the Carabao Cup, and the concept of time itself. Patreon.com/wizardsofdrivel beer52.com/wizards
Phil talks about his time as an physically unique high school football player, a combat cameraman in love with art and his exploits as an amateur film-maker who cannot help but bleed poetry into his creation. Phillip Lee Diab grew up in the small town of Columbus, Ohio. He went on to join the military as a combat cameraman at 18, where he worked with the Special Forces in Afghanistan. Eventually and serendipitously, Phil found himself as my friend at Columbia University where he focuses his time and energy on the art of visual art, specifically Film Making. SUPPORT THIS PODCAST BY SUBSCRIBING TO IT AND LEAVING A REVIEW. I READ ALL OF THEM IN THE HOPE TO ONLY GROW FROM HERE.
War, Poerty, Memory Ron Ben Tovim is a post-doctoral researcher focusing on online contemporary American and British post-war poetry in the aftermath of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. Ron ... Read More
Kate McLoughlin explores how we might define a war poem. In this Open Day taster lecture, Kate McLoughlin explores how we might define a war poem, looking in particular at some of D H Lawrence’s verse.
The War Poetry of Bryony Doran and Isabel Palmer from their anthology, 'Home Front', as interpreted by Radio 3. Home Front (Buy it here> http://amzn.eu/d/0XMZ8dz ) is an anthology of four poets, two American, Jehanne Dubrow and Elyse Fenton, and two British poets, Bryony Doran and Isabel Palmer, writing their way back to sanity after their loved ones went to war. Powerful and moving words.
Production and Sound Design by Kevin Seaman
Nahum is given the task of delivering the message of the irrevocable judgements of God against a city/nation of infamous war-mongers. God has set the reckoning date for Nineveh's war crimes on His calender and the day is fast approaching. This time no repentance is forthcoming as in the days of Jonah which only renders the city doubly guilty having received the testimony of the Law of God years previously. The audience can change abruptly and frequently in this genre of prophetic poetry. We find Nineveh squarely in the crosshairs in chapter 2. The nation of Assyria and its capital city are the target of pending destruction via war. History records a coalition of the Medes and Babylonians fulfilling these words of Nahum's prophetic war poetry. Scholars have noted a 3 fold division of Nahum's 3 chapters as follows: Judgement on Nineveh Declared (chap 1), Described (2), and Defended (3). The descriptions of Nineveh's demise and catastrophic defeat are vivid indeed in chapter 2 as we behold the Glory of God manifest in the spectacular defeat of His enemies. This is not exclusive to Nahum, rather this account is added to the notable events throughout the course of world history that foretell the ultimate victory of the risen Christ over every principality and power. Nahum teaches us with Psalm 20 that “...some may trust in chariots, and some in horses, but we trust in the name of the Lord our God. They collapse and fall, but we rise and stand up right. Oh Lord save the king, may he answer us when we call..”
This week, team Noonan, Dunleavy and Offord chat to comedian and bonafide American Taylor Glenn (@TaylorGlennUK) about the past year of Trump *shudder*. Ahead of Remembrance Day, poet, performer, writer and fighter Lisa Luxx (@LisaLuxx_) talks to us about the importance and vitality of war poetry giving people a voice as she plans her trip to Lebanon to become a war poet herself. Sarah's dealing with socks on the loose in #SMQT, Jen's dealing with shitbiscuits in the FA and Dunleavy's losing the will to live during Disney's Tangled. Trying times. But we can all agree that Snoop Dogg doing the commentary for Planet Earth is the shizz, right? Right. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.
NZMS 828 – John A Lee papers – Series 11 Folder 2. Gramophone record recorded May 29th 1936 at Staradio Ltd studio, Featherston Street, Wellington.
On this episode, host Marcela Sulak interviews Adriana X. Jacobs about her work translating Vietnamese-Israeli author Vaan Nguyen. Jacobs is an Associate Professor of Modern Hebrew Literature at the University of Oxford and recipient of a 2015 PEN/Heim Translation Fund Grant for her translation of The Truffle Eye, Nguyen's debut collection. Sulak and Jacobs discuss Vaan Nguyen's unique life story, the relationship between translator and writer, and Radiohead. Here is an excerpt from Jacobs' translation of the poem Mekong River: "Tonight I moved between three beds like I was sailing on the Mekong and whispered the beauty of the Tigris and Euphrates Under an endless moment looking under the left tit I have a hole and you fill it with other men. Notes of Tiger beer on your body." Text: “Culture Stain” & “Word Mound”: Drunken Boat “Mekong River”: Gulf Coast “Packing Poem,” Inheriting the War: Poetry and Prose by Descendants of Vietnam Veterans and Refugees, edited by Lauren McClung, Cathy Linh Che, and Ocean Vuong, to be published by W.W. Norton in 2017. Music: Jinsang - Genesis Creep - Radiohead - Brooklyn Duo feat. Escher Quartet Cover Exit Music (For a film) - Radiohead Ru con - Anbu Thanh
Dr Guy Cuthbertson takes an in-depth look at the poet Edward Thomas.
Dr Stuart Lee discusses the popular poetry of the War years and the formation of the canon in the years that followed.
Dr Alisa Miller looks at the popular poets in the early years of the War and the way that the press and publishing worlds created a commercial culture in support of the conflict. Alisa Miller is Research Fellow at the University of Chichester. Her work is concerned with how individuals understand and reconcile war as both a private and a public experience, and the cultural artifacts that they create in order to explain and contextualise extraordinary experience of violence.
Dr Mark Rawlinson explores the relationship between War and War Poetry using Owen's famous 'Preface' as the starting point. Dr Mark Rawlinson is a Reader in English Literature at the University of Leicester, working on nineteenth- and twentieth century literature, especially narrative fiction and poetry. His research has a particular focus on the literature of war.
Gather 'round and tune in this evening for a holiday special episode of Playtime With Sandra. Your hostess, Sandra LONDON of LiveAndGrind.com, is broadcasting LIVE from the sunny beaches of Southern California. Featuring: Independent Music courtesy of NakedGirlsRadio and FreeMusicArchives Sandra London Erotica Live War Poetry Readings News and Tidbits Chat With You Soon, Sandra LONDON 858-815-2333 (GUEST/CALLER LINE open from 8:20pm until the end of the broadcast)
In most countries in Western Europe, the 11th November is marked with a public holiday to remember Armistice Day - the end of first world war hostilities on the western front. The poetry from that era has endured, and the words of great figures in English literature still speak to the experience of war. Rupert Brooke, Wilfred Owen, Siegfried Sassoon - all left a rich legacy, despite having died so young. This poetry is discussed by Dr Kate Macdonald, a British academic who teaches in a Flemish university - the University of Gent, in Belgium. Most of her students grew up on or near the very ground where so many lost their lives in the First World War. More From Brussels spoke with her about the significance of this poetry to students of English literature.Kate Macdonald also podcasts at www.reallylikethisbook.com: podcasting about the books we shouldn't forget.
Macedonian poet Nikola Madzirov and Ilya Kaminsky discuss the poetics of war and its aftermath, and the nature of memory and rediscovering.
UCD Scholarcast - Series 4: Reconceiving the British Isles: The Literature of the Archipelago
The relationship between the poetic and the national is crucial to how war poetry is perceived and interpreted. This essay looks at Second World War (and wartime) poetry from Scotland, Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland, and in particular at images of absence, cancellation, annulment and denial, to explore differences in each poetry between how the war and the role of the poet in the war are constructed.
The relationship between the poetic and the national is crucial to how war poetry is perceived and interpreted. This essay looks at Second World War (and wartime) poetry from Scotland, Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland, and in particular at images of absence, cancellation, annulment and denial, to explore differences in each poetry between how the war and the role of the poet in the war are constructed.
This podcast explores the following essay question: Compare and contrast the fate of the common soldier in the First World War with the role of the powers that be.
War Poetry Week on Classic Poetry Aloud will include: • From fears in solitude – Coleridge • The man with the wooden leg – Mansfield • Balls Bluff – Herman Melville • A speech from Henry V – Shakespeare • The Soldier – Rupert Brooke • Strange Meeting – Wilfred Owen • And, on Sunday, From ‘for the fallen’ by Lawrence Binyon. To begin with, two poems taken from Kipling’s ‘Epitaphs of the Great War’, compiled after the war, and one letter, from his son. A Dead Statesman I could not dig: I dared not rob: Therefore I lied to please the mob. Now all my lies are proved untrue And I must face the men I slew. What tale shall serve me here among Mine angry and defrauded young?" The Last Letter of John Kipling Dear F - Just a hurried line as we start off tonight. The front line trenches are nine miles off from here so it wont be a very long march. This is THE great effort to break through & end the war. The guns have been going deafeningly all day, without a single stop. We have to push through at all costs so we won't have much time in the trenches, which is great luck. Funny to think one will be in the thick of it tomorrow. One's first experience of shell fire not in the trenches but in the open. This is one of the advantages of a Flying Division, you have to keep moving. We marched 18 miles last night in the pouring wet. It came down in sheets steadily. They are staking a tremendous lot on this great advancing movement as if it succeeds the war won't go on for long. You have no idea what enormous issues depend on the next few days. This will be my last letter most likely for some time as we won't get any time for writing this next week, but I will try & send Field post cards. Well so long old dears. Dear love John Epitaph If any question why we died, Tell them, because our fathers lied.