Chemistry in Everyday Life

Roads are one of the defining features of modern civilizations, believe it or not. To me and I think most others, the state of the roads in a country gives an idea of the level of development. It does not surprise then that chemistry features quite heavily in how we make roads. A request from a listener, I explore in this episode the chemistry of bitumen and the physical properties needed for a good road. This podcast is still not reactivated, but if you have a topic that you are interested in and do not mind an extended waiting time until I get round to it, drop me a mail under chem.podcast@gmail.com . Sources Background Information Polymer Chemistry, An Introduction Malcolm P. Stevens, 3rd Ed. Oxford University Press, 1999; ISBN 978-0-19-512444-6 pp. 70ff & 87ff https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphalt https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphalt_(Geologie) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphalt_concrete https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphalt Polymer-modified Bitumen https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262691923_Polymer_modified_bitumen_Optimization_and_selection http://oxidizedbitumen.org/primer-bitumen/asphalt-polymer https://www.corrosionpedia.com/definition/3215/polymer-modified-bitumen-pmb https://globecore.com/bitumen-modification-polymers/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780857090485500018 https://bitumen.globecore.com/use-polymer-bitumen-binders-road-construction Glass Transition Temperature https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_transition https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glas%C3%BCbergangstemperatur Grundlagenvideo Asphalt-Straßenbau https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PeMeZy9ayV8 Intro Video to Bitumen https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q39vKdNuJKQ How much bitumen per kilometer of road https://saharabizz.com/how-much-bitumen-used-in-road-construction-per-kilometre/ Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Polymer in Asphalt https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/styrene-butadiene-styrene Video: Bier während der Arbeit? Welche Klischees über Straßenbauarbeiter stimmen? | Galileo | ProSieben 2:59 „Alle 15 Jahre muss ein Straßenbelag erneuert werden…“ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RpQ7ohsN2pg

It takes a little bit more than 100mg of cyanide to kill a 75 kg human being. A little more than 100mg and the unfortunate victim will show the telltale signs of “bluish tones of oxygen deprivation mottle the skin.“ Cyanide Poisoning is as old as the usage of chemical compounds containing cyanide and this episode looks at the chemistry that happens in the body during a poisoning. “This will be the last episode of Chemistry in Everyday Life for now. It was a huge amount of fun, but for the usual reasons, I have to suspend this beloved hobby project for an indefinite period of time. I would like to thank you all for listening. I enjoyed this experience immensely and I am proud of what I achieved. Take care everyone

Both starch and cellulose are made of glucose, one of the main sources of energy for the human body. Yet... we can digest starch that we find in things like potatoes or flour, but we cannot digest cellulose, a compound that is found in virtually every plant... Why?!? If you would like to share feedback or have a suggestion for a topic, I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1 or you can leave a comment on my website https://chemistryineverydaylife574446112.wordpress.com/. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com. Sources Chemistry of glucose linkages · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycosidic_bond · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anomer · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polysaccharide Glycogen & Starch metabolism · https://findanyanswer.com/can-glycogen-be-digested-by-humans · Biochemistryby J. M. Berg et al. 9th Ed. 2019 ISBN 978-1-319-11465-7; p. 679ff · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starch · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycogen · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycogenolysis Cellulose digestion · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruminant#Digestive_system_of_ruminants · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumen · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulose · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulase · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindgut_fermentation

Dear Chemistry in Everyday Life Fans, I am off this month and as a consequence, we are looking back on past episodes over the summer. Today's re-run is one of the first episodes that I ever recorded by the name of “Protection from the Sun Pt. 1 – The Ozone Layer”. I hope you all enjoy your summer. Stay safe and take care :)

Dear Chemistry in Everyday Life Fans, I am off this month and as a consequence, we are looking back on past episodes over the summer. Today's re-run is one of the first episodes that I ever recorded by the name of “Protection from the Sun Pt. 1 – The Ozone Layer”. The survey is still open and you can still submit an answer under https://forms.gle/LihJiny4jncB6h2A6. Let me know what episodes you like best and we shall replay them over the course of the summer. I hope you all enjoy your summer. Stay safe and take care :)

Dear Chemistry in Everyday Life Fans, I am off this month and as a consequence, we are looking back on past episodes over the summer. I asked you what is your favourite episode and the result said it was the episode "Breathe in, Breathe Out - Oxygen Transfer in the Blood". The survey is still open and you can still submit an answer under https://forms.gle/LihJiny4jncB6h2A6 . Let me know what episodes you like best and we shall replay them over the course of the summer. I hope you all enjoy your summer. Stay safe and take care :)

PLEASE NOTE: During the month of August, I will repeat some previous episodes. If you want to influence which episodes will be played, you can click on the following link to part in a 1-question survey. Thanks! https://forms.gle/LihJiny4jncB6h2A6 How can you trace a molecule inside the body? How do you know, how a compound inside the body is metabolised? We will explore these questions in this episode. If you would like to share feedback or have a suggestion for a topic, I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1 or you can leave a comment on my website https://chemistryineverydaylife574446112.wordpress.com/. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com.

Have you ever wondered how all these scientists come up with their findings in forensics, environmental science, pharmaceuticals, … cooking, cosmetics, and in soooo many more? Chemical purification and analysis lies at the heart of this question and I give you hereby my attempt at answering it. This is Part 2 of this 2-Part series looking at analysis. If you would like to share feedback or have a suggestion for a topic, I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1or you can leave a comment on my website https://chemistryineverydaylife574446112.wordpress.com/. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com. Sources Background knowledge · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytical_chemistry Areas of application for analytical chemistry · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_test · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forensic_chemistry · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forensic_science · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_chemistry · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_analysis · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrumental_chemistry · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_chemistry · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioanalysis · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_materials_analysis_methods Qualitative Analysis · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_test · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flame_test Acid Test (Gold) · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_test_(gold) · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2koNEe6Kdyc Iodine Starch test · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=72zKnccyH-w · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodine%E2%80%93starch_test Quantitative Analysis · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantitative_analysis_(chemistry) · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravimetric_analysis · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titration Instrumental Analysis · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectroscopy · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_spectrometry

Have you ever wondered how all these scientists come up with their findings in forensics, environmental science, pharmaceuticals, … cooking, cosmetics, and in soooo many more? Chemical purification and analysis lies at the heart of this question and I give you hereby my attempt at answering it. This is Part 1 of this 2-Part series looking at purification techniques. If you would like to share feedback or have a suggestion for a topic, I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1or you can leave a comment on my website https://chemistryineverydaylife574446112.wordpress.com/. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com. Sources Purification Techniques · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_purification_methods_in_chemistry · Advanced Practical Organic Chemistry 2nd Edition, J. Leonard, B. Lygo, G. Procter, 1998, ISBN 0-7487-4071-6 DDT · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DDT Microplastics · https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/microplastics/ Centrifugation · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KEXWd3_fM94 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XAhBzUosvsU Freeze-drying · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeze-drying

After talking about red blood cells two episodes ago, this episode looks at a different bodily fluid. One that helps in the digestion of fats. We are talking about bile. A liquid associated with bad experiences, but is essential to our survival. If you would like to share feedback or have a suggestion for a topic, I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1or you can leave a comment on my website https://chemistryineverydaylife574446112.wordpress.com/. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com. Sources Bile · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bile · https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galle Anatomy · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallbladder · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duodenum · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreas Bile Composition · https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallens%C3%A4uren · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bile_acid · https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkalische_Phosphatase · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkaline_phosphatase · https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lecithine · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lecithin · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipase Mixing oil and water · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emulsion · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=93sPsWtlDB8 · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mBvKar6t1LY · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bC_czAL24zY · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micelle Fats · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fat · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triglyceride · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoglyceride · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phospholipid Human pancreatic lipase · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreatic_lipase_family#Human_pancreatic_lipase How fats are used by the body · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_metabolism · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatty_acid_metabolism

In this episode I confront the horrible memory of my one and only bad car crash. I only remember fragments, but the airbag was a big part of the memory. If you want to know how explosions save lives everyday on the road, then tune in. If you would like to share feedback or have a suggestion for a topic, I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1or you can leave a comment on my website https://chemistryineverydaylife574446112.wordpress.com/. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com. Sources Airbag Technology · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbag · https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbag · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_match · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_generator Chemicals used in Airbags · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_azide · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitroguanidine · https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitroguanidin · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guanidine_nitrate · https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guanidiniumnitrat Density, Avogadro's constant and the Mole · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Density · https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dichte · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avogadro_constant · https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avogadro-Konstante · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mole_(unit) · https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mol Further Reading on Airbags · https://www.explainthatstuff.com/airbags.html · http://www.chemistry.wustl.edu/~edudev/LabTutorials/CourseTutorials/bb/Airbags/151_T5_07_airbags.pdf · https://www.chemie-azubi.de/detailansicht/news/klugscheisser-wissen-wie-funktioniert-ein-airbag/ Fun video on Airbag demonstration · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vc4I4hvy_hM · General Chemistry Ebbing p. 27ff, 190-197 Side Note: Seemingly a connection to rocket fuel · https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raketentreibstoff · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_propellant

Oxygen in, Carbon Dioxide out. We learn this basic paradigm about breathing from a very early age on. But how does it work? From a chemical viewpoint this is a lot of fun! So let's look into it

Why does iron rust? Why does this not happen for stainless steel? How else can we protect materials from corrosion? If you want to know, listen to this episode

I always found the concept of energy in the human body very intriguing… or in any organism for that matter. The term energy is very abstract to me. For example, there is a difference to “having the energy to go for a walk” or “the energy to power the oven”. One phrase clearly describes energy as electricity and the other is the energy needed for an activity that we humans undertake. So what is energy in a human being or an animal? If you would like to share feedback or have a suggestion for a topic, I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1 or you can leave a comment on my website. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com. Sources How is energy produced · https://www.metabolics.com/blog/how-does-the-body-produce-energy Adenosine triphosphate – the body's Mars Bar · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_triphosphate ATP production under aerobic conditions · https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK553175/ · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycolysis · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citric_acid_cycle · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxidative_phosphorylation · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta_oxidation · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketone_bodies ATP production under anaerobic conditions · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermentation · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaerobic_respiration · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_triphosphate#ATP_recycling What does it feel like to run low on ATP? · https://www.verywellhealth.com/low-energy-and-atp-in-fibromyalgia-and-me-cfs-4125121 The biochemistry of muscle fatigue · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3964254/ Why ATP and not GTP, TTP or CTP? · https://www.researchgate.net/post/Why_did_evolution_favor_ATP_and_not_GTP_TTP_or_CTP https://biology.stackexchange.com/questions/11286/why-is-atp-the-preferred-choice-for-energy-carriers

Space. The Final frontier… a friend of mine asked me if there is chemistry in space and how it is different from the chemistry, we observe here on Earth. This is an exciting topic. So exciting that I had to make a podcast episode about it. If you would like to share feedback or have a suggestion for a topic, I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com. Please note: I made a mistake in this episode. I called the analytical method “nucleor magnetic resonance spectroscopy” accidentally “nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry”. I apologise for this error. Sources My usual Wikipedia starting point · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrochemistry · https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrochemie · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmochemistry · https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosmochemie Relevant Physical phenomena and measurements · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_of_light · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth%27s_circumference · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_zero · https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absoluter_Nullpunkt Analytical Techniques in Astrochemistry · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_spectroscopy · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectroscopy · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_astronomy Incredible YouTube teaching video by The National Radio Astronomy Observatory NRAO · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dU11DO08H5k&t=215s The Miller-Urey Experiment · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miller%E2%80%93Urey_experiment WILD-2 comet contains basic amino acid · https://stardust.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news115.html Panspermia Hypothesis · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panspermia Princeton introductory lecture notes on Astrochemistry · https://www.astro.princeton.edu/events/spitzer_lecture_series/Lecture1.pdf “How Stuff Works!” YouTube Video on Astrochemistry · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ayFzljd1l0Q Rencontres du Vietnam: “Search for Life: From early Earth to Exoplanets” by Masatoshi Ohishi · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q84Ow3ZkODo Harvard Lecture: Astrochemistry at the Dawn of Star and Planet Formation by Paola Caselli (YouTube) · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wGpq-yl5HtU

I always tried to avoid making an episode about making alcoholic beverages, because there is already so much great content about it and I did not see the extra value in talking about it. For this episode, I shall break this taboo, by talking about distillation. A technique that is used for making spirits, but also for so much more, which is why I only mention spirits at the end as a side note. I hope you enjoy listening to it. If you would like to share feedback or have a suggestion for a topic, I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com. Sources About distillation · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distillation · https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destillation About specific pieces of the distillation kit · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional_distillation · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractionating_column · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condenser_(laboratory)#Vigreux · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raschig_ring About different theoretical topics concerning distillation · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boiling_point · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapor_pressure · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raoult%27s_law · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalton%27s_law · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapor%E2%80%93liquid_equilibrium About petroleum distillation · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum#Formation Youtube Videos on Whiskey Making · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kNW2TJAQrCE · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cR7Bt9Ei_zI Youtube Video on Tequila Making · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dmAZ0aH0P9o Youtube Video on Rum Making · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4i4_bouIZqw You Tube Video on Bourbon · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-VscpKT7tXE

Batteries are ubiquitous in daily life and I took them for granted for such a long time that I felt obliged to write an episode about them. Especially since they work thanks to a very basic concept called Redox Reactions. If you would like to share feedback or have a suggestion for a topic, I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com. Sources Redox Chemistry and electrochemistry · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redox · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrochemistry Batteries and their construction · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_battery · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrochemical_cell · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galvanic_cell · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Half-cell · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrolyte#Electrochemistry · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_cell List of battery types, rechargeable and non-rechargeable batteries · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battery_types · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rechargeable_battery · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkaline_battery Samsung's Battery Issue · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samsung_Galaxy_Note_7#Battery_faults Excellent explanatory Videos · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IV4IUsholjg · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9OVtk6G2TnQ · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G5McJw4KkG8 Video of a galvanic cell · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=afEX2FD4Ado

From winter gloves and people with inverted organs to the effects of molecular mirror images. Chirality can be found everywhere, so it is high time to talk about it. If you would like to share feedback or have a suggestion for a topic, I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com. Sources Wikipedia entries on Chirality and Enantiomers · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirality · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirality_%28chemistry%29 · https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/chirality · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enantiomer · https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enantiomer · https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiralit%C3%A4t_(Chemie) Textbook Entries on Chirality · General Chemistry by D. D. Ebbing 5th Ed. 1996 ISBN 0-395-74415-6; p. 1002ff · Organic Chemistry by Clayden, Warren & Wothers; p. 382ff Thalidomide and its effect on pregnant women · https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thalidomid · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thalidomide About the people with inversed organs · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situs_inversus · https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situs_inversus Origins of L-amino acids Meteorite Theory (extraterrestrial influence) · https://www.nature.com/articles/38460?error=cookies_not_supported&code=ab67c03e-1459-4eeb-a6b6-d03ee81fde42 à Meteor · https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2667035/ · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murchison_meteorite Asymmetric Synthesis of Chirality · https://www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/%28SICI%291521-3773%2819991203%2938%3A23%3C3418%3A%3AAID-ANIE3418%3E3.0.CO%3B2-V · https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11848967/ · https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0959943603704878?via%3Dihub · https://www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/anie.200290005

We talked about Glow Sticks, we talked about Fireworks. Now it feels like the right time to look at another big factor in color of compounds, the conjugated systems. If you would like to share feedback or have a suggestion for a topic, I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com. Sources: My publication on the synthesis of Neocryptolepine https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2009/ob/b816608k#!divAbstract On Colour and Coloring https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Additive_color https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subtractive_color On Covalent Bonds and Conjugated Systems https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covalent_bond https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugated_system https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delocalized_electron Dyes and Pigments https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dye https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pigment https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azo_dye Magic Ink https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_Wonder https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leuco_dye https://patents.google.com/patent/US9573403B1/en

Our 2020 new year's celebration had to look quite different this year. The Belgian government had to restrict contact, so no extended family, and no fireworks this year. All for very good, Corona-related reasons. This meant for us that we had to find an alternative, so that we could still give our 3-year old daughter a little spectacle. With glow sticks and chemiluminescence in our back packs, we then went on to celebrate a very special and very different new year. This podcast we shall use to understand chemiluminescence, the phenomenon that allowed for us to have a nice evening

So it was time again to add a little Diesel Exhaust Fluid, also known as AdBlue, to the gas tank of my car. So I stood there in the cold winter temperatures, freezing my, you name it off, and just wished that it would add quicker! Inevitably, one thought popped into my headed: “Why, oh why on earth am I doing this anyways?!” This episode is the final product of my investigations… If you would like to share feedback or have a suggestion for a topic, I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com. Sources Wikipedia entries on Diesel and Diesel engines https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_fuel https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_engine https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_exhaust https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustion https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatic_process Wikipedia entry about Autoignition and the Adiabatic process https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoignition_temperature https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adiabatic_process https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-compression-temperature-of-Diesel-engine Wikipedia entries on AdBlue https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/AUS_32 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_exhaust_fluid About Urea https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urea About ammonia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonia About Eutectic System https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutectic_system About Selective catalytic (SCR) and non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selective_catalytic_reduction https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selective_non-catalytic_reduction https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlueTec About Nitrous Oxides https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NOx https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen_oxide https://clean-carbonenergy.com/nox-emissions.html Our atmosphere https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosphere_of_Earth “Last Lecture” by Randy Pausch on Teaching Programming to young children https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j7zzQpvoYcQ A Celsius to Fahrenheit Conversion Calculator https://www.metric-conversions.org/temperature/celsius-to-fahrenheit.htm

This episode is inspired by my wife's recent experience at the dentist where she needed to get a filling done. It was her first and it reminded me of my first (and so far only) dental filling that I needed to get done a couple of years ago. Our discussion about what the dentist did to fill the dental cavity led to this episode. I hope you enjoy it :). If you would like to share feedback or have a suggestion for a topic, I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com. Sources Non-Wikipedia sources on dental fillings • https://www.deltadentalins.com/oral_health/amalgam.html • https://www.caringtreechildrensdentistry.com/blog/the-history-of-dental-amalgams/ Amalgam · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amalgam_(dentistry) Dental composites, Fillers, Resins and Reinforced Concrete • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_composite • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bis-GMA • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filler_(materials) • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_resin • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composite_material • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforced_concrete • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materials_science About General Polymer Chemistry • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer_chemistry • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-link • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radical_polymerization Photopolymer & Photoinitiator • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photopolymer • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoinitiator • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camphorquinone

After discussing for 3 episodes the cutting edge technology that led to a Nobel Prize, I would like to return back to more mundane things and there are not many things more mundane than eating bread :-D This episode will look at the reason why bland bread starts to taste sweet after chewing it for a while. I hope you will enjoy it :) If you would like to share feedback or have a suggestion for a topic, I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com. Sources Evolutionary advantage of identifying sweet food https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweetness The tongue and taste https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongue https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongue_map https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taste https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taste_bud https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taste_receptor Sugar and Saccharides https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugar https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbohydrate https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosaccharide https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disaccharide https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trisaccharide https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligosaccharide https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polysaccharide Examples of Disaccharides https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucrose https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maltose Examples of Monosaccharides https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucose https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fructose Examples of Polysaccharides https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starch https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chitin https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulose Glycolysis, the metabolism for glucose https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycolysis Bread and its ingredients https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flour https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bread Saliva, Alpha-amylase and its mode of action https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saliva https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amylase https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolysis

Welcome back to the last episode of this Nobel Prize series during which I discuss the technology for which the two research groups around Prof. emmanuelle Charpentier and Prof. Doudna received the joint Nobel Prize for chemistry. This episode will put all the pieces that we encountered over the course of the last two episodes together and finally will explain, how the so-called gene scissors, CRIPS/CAS9, work. I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1 , if you have feedback that you would like to share. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com. Sources · The original paper from 2012 discussing CIRSPR/CAS9 o https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22745249/ · Great articles outlining how CRISPR/CAS9 works o https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/article/explainer-how-crispr-works o https://sequencing.roche.com/en/blog/what-is-crispr-and-why-is-it-a-revolutionary-tool.html · Video explaining how CRISPR/CAS9 works o https://cen.acs.org/articles/98/web/2020/10/Video-CRISPR-Cas9-works.html · Wikipedia articles giving background information o https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus o https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRISPR/Cas-Methode o https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRISPR_gene_editing o https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cas9 o https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cas9 o https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palindromic_sequence · Publications leading up to CRISPR/CAS9 o https://jb.asm.org/content/169/12/5429.short Paper mentioning CRISPR discovery o https://science.sciencemag.org/content/315/5819/1709 Paper mentioning CRISPR defense mechanism of bacteria · TED Talk by Prof. Doudna explaining her invention o https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TdBAHexVYzc o Ethical discussion on how to use this technology o Remove HIV from human cells o Cure hereditary diseases · https://www.wilx.com/2020/10/07/nobel-peace-prize-awarded-for-gene-scissors/ o Link mentioning gene scissors · https://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/mensch/erbgut-vergleich-maus-und-mensch-sind-fast-identisch-a-198689.html

The 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry went to Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna for "for the development of a method for genome editing”. Their work has markedly added to the toolbox available to researchers in the life sciences and in my humble opinion, it is worth talking about. To understand why this work is so important, we will need to have some introductory episodes first and this here is part number II, where we will discuss how genetic information stored in DNA is transformed into biological functions and traits. I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1 , if you have feedback that you would like to share. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com . Sources https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription_(biology) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_expression https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_dogma_of_molecular_biology https://www.thoughtco.com/dna-versus-rna-608191 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TATA_box https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_codon_table

The 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry went to Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna for "for the development of a method for genome editing”. Their work has markedly added to the toolbox available to researchers in the life sciences and in my humble opinion, it is worth talking about. To understand why this work is so important, we will need to have some introductory episodes first and this here is part number I, where we will discuss the structure of DNA. I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1 , if you have feedback that you would like to share. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com . Sources · https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2020/summary/ · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_genome · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genome · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organelle · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrion · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_nucleus · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleoid

In this episode, I discuss a special group of materials called hydrogels. For something that is hardly ever mentioned publically, it has a surprising amount of uses in the world... I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1 , if you have feedback that you would like to share. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com . Sources 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogel 2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrophile 3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyacrylamide 4. https://waterbeads.net/msd-sheet/ 5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LncMVXrA-iw (every day uses of these beads 6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NBkXDxcO-Pg (Good reference) 7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BE1xk1rlrGg (nice reference) 8. https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogel 9. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colloid 10. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gel 11. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superabsorbent_polymer 12. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-healing_hydrogels 13. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogel_agriculture 14. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelatin 15. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen 16. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitreous_body

We all know that statues in the cities are green, like for example the statue of liberty. But do you all know why they are green? This episode looks at this question. I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1 , if you have feedback that you would like to share. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com . Sources https://copperalliance.org.uk/knowledge-base/education/education-resources/copper-reactivity-patination/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronze https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brass https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosphere_of_Earth https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Oxidation_Event https://www.thoughtco.com/why-statue-of-liberty-is-green-4114936 https://www.thoughtco.com/oxidation-reduction-reactions-604037 https://sciencestruck.com/why-does-copper-oxidize-turn-green https://sciencing.com/effects-oxidation-copper-8613905.html General Chemistry by D. D. Ebbing 5th Ed. 1996 ISBN 0-395-74415-6 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper(I)_oxide https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_copper_carbonate

Why do our eyes burn and tear when we cut onions? This listener question will be discussed in this episode. I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1 , if you have feedback that you would like to share. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com . Sources https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tear_gas https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reizstoff https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwiebel https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onion https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syn-Propanethial-S-oxide https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propanthialoxid https://www.britannica.com/story/why-do-onions-make-you-cry https://www.thoughtco.com/why-do-onions-make-you-cry-604309 https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/06/170620122950.htm http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/motm/pso/psoc.htm https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliinase https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliin https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cysteine#Biological_functions

Water is all around us and we kind of take it for granted. It is an accepted basis for life and makes our planet inhabitable. Have you guys ever wondered why that is? Well, water is also a very special liquid. This episode revolves around a specific feature that water has, namely hydrogen bonds, how they function and why they change the way water behaves in comparison to other compounds. I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1 , if you have feedback that you would like to share. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com . Sources · General Chemistry by D. D. Ebbing 5th Ed. 1996 ISBN 0-395-74415-6 · https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/in-depth/water/art-20044256 · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_bonding_of_water · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Density · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_sulfide · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_selenide · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_telluride · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius · https://www.thoughtco.com/why-does-ice-float-604304 · https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasserstoffbr%C3%BCckenbindung

This episode is based on a discussion I had with an acquaintance at a barbecue. He, being the smarty pants that he is, asked "Do you know the difference between diesel and heating fuel?"... I didn't... I, being the smarty pants that I am, was annoyed by that. With a wry smile he suggested: "Better look it up then." And I did! The result is a not too shabby podcast episode on the difference between the two. If you want to know why it is a bad idea to use heating fuel in your diesel engine, tune in! Sources https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heiz%C3%B6l https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dieselkraftstoff https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heating_oil https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_fuel https://www.heizoel.total.de/rund-um-heizoel/aktuelles-tipps/sonstiges-aktuelles/statt-diesel-einfach-heizoel-tanken/ https://www.gutefrage.net/frage/was-ist-der-unterschied-zwischen-heizoel-und-diesel https://www.helpster.de/unterschied-von-diesel-und-heizoel-eine-nachvollziehbare-erklaerung_115301 https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cetanzahl https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feinstaub https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrocarbon https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalyst_poisoning https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klopfen_(Verbrennungsmotor) https://www.goodscience.com.au/year-9-chemistry/acid-metal-reactions/

When talking about chemistry, one of the first topics to breach is the chemistry of soap. In the time of a global pandemic, washing our hands has become second nature and at some point at the beginning the stockpiling of soap even led to shortages in some areas. So let's talk about soap and how it does its job. Sources https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seife https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soap General Chemistry by D. D. Ebbing 5th Ed. 1996 ISBN 0-395-74415-6 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detergent https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinigungsmittel https://www.quirkyscience.com/difference-soap-detergent/ https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/mar/12/science-soap-kills-coronavirus-alcohol-based-disinfectants https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2020/3/11/21173187/coronavirus-covid-19-hand-washing-sanitizer-compared-soap-is-dope https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_polarity https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solubility

I love fireworks, folks. I don't see the spectacle often, but when I do , it is an absolute beauty to behold, especially when it is an entire choreography. I sometimes cannot believe that there are people whose job it is to "make" fireworks. Especially, the development of new ones must be a blast!... in more ways than one :-P. This episode looks at how fireworks create colour at the sky. I hope you enjoy it. I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1 , if you have feedback that you would like to share. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com . Sources https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom#Bohr_model https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohr_model https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_orbital https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fireworks#Pyrotechnic_compounds https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrotechnic_composition General Chemistry by D. D. Ebbing 5th Ed. 1996 ISBN 0-395-74415-6; Chapter 7 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emission_spectrum https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectral_line

Virtually every time before I record an episode of my podcast, I open a can of coke. That little 'fizz' sound heralds the beginning of my late evening, I take a brief sip and then I start recording. I do this with such regularity that I dedided to make the fizz the topic of today's conversation. How do we make carbonated drinks? If you want to find out, this is episode to listen to. I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1 , if you have feedback that you would like to share. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com Sources General Chemistry by D. D. Ebbing 5th Ed. 1996 ISBN 0-395-74415-6 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonated_water https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry%27s_law https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonation https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soft_drink#Carbonated_drinks https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soda_siphon https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-does-a-shaken-soda-fi/

After we discussed the concept of catalysis in our last episode, it is only fitting to look at a specific example. If you are interested in knowing how nature uses catalysis to run the show in our bodies, then tune in to learn about Enzymes, nature's catalysts. I can now be reached on twitter under @ChemistryinEve1 , if you have feedback that you would like to share. Alternatively, you can send an email to chem.podcast@gmail.com Sources: · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol_dehydrogenase · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_enzymes · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digestive_enzyme · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_enzymes · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cattle#Digestive_system · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pepsin

Catalysis is a word that is rarely used in daily life, yet it influences many facets of it. If you are interested to know how catalysis changed the way car engines run or how margerine is made, then listen in. References · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annika_S%C3%B6renstam · https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MKBUL2yesR4 · Inorganic Chemistry by C. E. Housecroft, A. G. Sharpe 1st Ed. 2001 ISBN 0582-31080-6 · General Chemistry by D. D. Ebbing 5th Ed. 1996 ISBN 0-395-74415-6 · Organic Chemistry by Clayden, Warren & Wothers · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalysis · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalytic_converter · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fischer%E2%80%93Speier_esterification#Examples_in_alcoholic_beverages · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margarine · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustion · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NOx#Health_and_environment_effects · https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_monoxide#Role_in_ground-level_ozone_formation

When you immerse an egg in vinegar the shell will slowly disappear, leaving a flexible and bouncy egg. Bread dough leavens when you use baking soda. Find out in this episode the reasons for these phenomena. References Inorganic Chemistry by C. E. Housecroft, A. G. Sharpe 1st Ed. 2001 ISBN 0582-31080-6 General Chemistry by D. D. Ebbing 5th Ed. 1996 ISBN 0-395-74415-6 Organic Chemistry by Clayden, Warren & Wothers https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_bicarbonate https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton The eggshell in vinegar experiment: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=khgOTDvG-4A https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baking_powder

Proteins are one of the key elements that define life in a way that we know. They have such a vast array of functions it is staggering. Seemingly, every problem and obstacle that an organism encounters, a protein comes to the rescue. Humans have them, other mammals, birds, bacteria, even viruses consist for a big part of proteins. You want to walk somewhere, you need your muscles, those are proteins. You want to digest food? Guess what? digestive enzymes are proteins. Your skin and hair? Proteins are involved. Pumping blood around your body. Proteins. Immune system. You guessed it. Proteins. Proteins are such an important part of everyday life that I decided to make an episode about the general features of proteins. Interested? I am looking forward to welcoming you to this episode of "Chemistry in Everyday Life"

The sun is the source of life on this world, yet at the same time it can be very dangerous for us and other lifeforms on earth. The life giving energy that is emitted from the sun to earth's surface needs to be made use of through processes like photosynthesis, but it also needs to be "disarmed" or filtered. This episode is the second part of a two-part series that looks how we protect ourselves from the sun. In this concluding episodes sun lotion and natural sun protection is in the centre of our attention.

The sun is the source of life on this world, yet at the same time it can be very dangerous for us and other lifeforms on earth. The life giving energy that is emitted from the sun to earth's surface needs to be made use of through processes like photosynthesis, but it also needs to be "disarmed" or filtered. This episode is the first part of a two-part series that looks how we protect ourselves from the sun. We start of with oftentimes mentioned ozone layer, the first line of defense.

On the surface, a diamond and a pencil have nothing in common. One is one of the hardest and valuable materials known to man and the other is a pencil, an everyday object that many people use on a daily basis to write, draw or the medium between the two: scribble. But once we leave the surface behind us and look closer on a chemical level the differences between a diamond and a pencil are actually not that big. Interested? Listen in and found out more! Useful Links https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamond https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphite https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_structure