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2 episodes with vivax
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6 episodes with vivax
2 episodes with vivax
2 episodes with vivax
Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for January 25, 2024 is: vivacious • vuh-VAY-shus • adjective Someone or something described as vivacious is happy and lively in an appealing way. // Our vivacious host's bubbly humor and welcoming spirit quickly set everyone at ease. See the entry > Examples: “Mikayla Nogueira staked her claim in the beauty space on TikTok by grabbing the attention of viewers through her incredible makeup skills, her vivacious energy and, of course, her Boston accent.” — Kerry Justich, Yahoo! Life, 2 Nov. 2023 Did you know? Vivacious may not be onomatopoeic in a strict sense, but there's definitely something lively—maybe even a bit va-va-voom—in the way its three syllables trip off the tongue. Perhaps this is why it has appealed to English speakers since the mid-1600s, when it was formed from the Latin adjective vivax meaning “long-lived, vigorous, or high-spirited.” Vivax comes from the verb vivere, meaning “to live.” Other English descendants of vivere include survive, revive, and victual—all of which came to life during the 15th century—and vivid and convivial, both of which surfaced around the same time as vivacious. Somewhat surprisingly, the word live is unrelated; it comes to us from the Old English word libban.
7 locally transmitted malaria cases have been reported in the US (Texas and Florida), a first in quite a few years. The species of malaria has been identified as Plasmodium vivax, one of 5 plasmodium species that can infect humans. What is malaria?, what is Plasmodium vivax?, how important is this transmission and how to prevent it? These and other questions will be posed to my guest today. Joining me today is Brian Grimberg, PhD. Dr. Grimberg is an Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, at the Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and a prominent malaria researcher. Follow the website, Outbreak News Today For video interviews- Outbreak News TV
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Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.02.16.528793v1?rss=1 Authors: Kepple, D., Ford, C. T., Williams, J., Abagero, B., Li, S., Popovici, J., Yewhalaw, D., Lo, E. Abstract: Plasmodium vivax uses Duffy binding protein (PvDBP1) to bind to the Duffy Antigen-Chemokine Receptor (DARC) to invade human erythrocytes. Individuals who lack DARC expression (Duffy-negative) are thought to be resistance to P. vivax. In recent years, P. vivax malaria is becoming more prevalent in Africa with a portion of these cases detected in Duffy-negatives. Apart from DBP1, members of the reticulocyte binding protein (RBP) and tryptophan-rich antigen (TRAg) families may also play a role in erythrocyte invasion. While the transcriptomes of the Southeast Asian and South American P. vivax are well documented, the gene expression profile of P. vivax in Africa and more specifically the expression level of several erythrocyte binding gene candidates as compared to DBP1 are largely unknown. This paper characterized the first P. vivax transcriptome in Africa and compared with those from the Southeast Asian and South American isolates. The expression of 4,404 gene transcripts belong to 12 functional groups including 43 specific erythrocyte binding gene candidates were examined. Overall, there were 10-26% differences in the gene expression profile amongst the geographical isolates, with the Ethiopian and Cambodian P. vivax being most similar. Majority of the gene transcripts involved in protein transportation, housekeeping, and host interaction were highly transcribed in the Ethiopian P. vivax. Erythrocyte binding genes including PvRBP2a and PvRBP3 expressed six-fold higher than PvDBP1and 60-fold higher than PvEBP/DBP2. Other genes including PvRBP1a, PvMSP3.8, PvMSP3.9, PvTRAG2, PvTRAG14, and PvTRAG22 also showed relatively high expression. Differential expression was observed among geographical isolates, e.g., PvDBP1 and PvEBP/DBP2 were highly expressed in the Cambodian but not the Brazilian and Ethiopian isolates, whereas PvRBP2a and PvRBP2b showed higher expression in the Ethiopian and Cambodian than the Brazilian isolates. Compared to Pvs25, the standard biomarker for detecting female gametocytes, PvAP2-G (PVP01_1440800), GAP (PVP01_1403000), and Pvs47 (PVP01_1208000) were highly expressed across geographical samples. These findings provide an important baseline for future comparisons of P. vivax transcriptomes from Duffy-negative infections and highlight potential biomarkers for improved gametocyte detection. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC
Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.01.31.526483v1?rss=1 Authors: Maher, S. P., Bakowski, M. A., Vantaux, A., Flannery, E. L., Andolina, C., Gupta, M., Antonova-Koch, Y., Argomaniz, M., Monica, C.-M., Brice, C., Chao, A. T., Chatterjee, A. K., Cheng, W. T., Cooper, C. A., Karissa, C., Galinski, M. R., Harupa-Chung, A., Ji, H., Joseph, S. B., Lenz, T., Lonardi, S., Matheson, J., Mikolajczak, S. A., Padin-Irizarry, V., Pan, K., Peneau, J., Prudhomme, J., Roesch, C., Sabnis, S. S., Saney, C. L., Sattabongkot, J., Sereshki, S., Suriyakan, S., Timothy, M., Ubalee, R., Wang, Y., Wasisakun, P., Yin, J., McNamara, C. W., Joyner, C. J., Nosten, F., Witkowski, B., Le Abstract: Radical cure of Plasmodium vivax malaria must include elimination of quiescent "hypnozoite" forms in the liver; however, the only FDA-approved treatments are contraindicated in many vulnerable populations. To identify new drugs and drug targets, we screened the Repurposing, Focused Rescue, and Accelerated Medchem library against P. vivax liver stages and identified the DNA methyltransferase inhibitors hydralazine and cadralazine as active against hypnozoites. We then used bisulfite sequencing and immunostaining to identify cytosine modifications in the infectious stage (sporozoites) and liver stages, respectively. A subsequent screen of epigenetic inhibitors revealed hypnozoites are broadly sensitive to histone acetyltransferase and methyltransferase inhibitors, indicating that several epigenetic mechanisms are likely modulating hypnozoite persistence. Our data present an avenue for the discovery and development of improved radical cure antimalarials. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC
A new blood-stage malaria infection model helps solve a problem hindering research. Transcript The world urgently needs new drugs and vaccines to eradicate malaria. Whilst there's good headway against P. falciparum - the deadliest form of the parasite –research into P. vivax - the second deadliest – lags behind. Why? Researchers lack stable cultures of the parasite needed to infect people to test the efficacy of drugs and vaccines. We need a way of doing this reliably and an international team of researchers has come up with a way: the blood-stage malaria infection model. They first collected blood samples of a P. vivax strain in Thailand, fed the samples to mosquitoes and transported these mosquitoes to the UK, where they were used to infect two adults. Those volunteers then had their blood collected before being treated, and this blood was used to infect another six adults. This new blood-stage malaria infection model will help to test drug and vaccines more easily in the future. Source Controlled human malaria infection with a clone of Plasmodium vivax with high quality genome assembly About The Podcast The Johns Hopkins Malaria Minute podcast is produced by the Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute to highlight impactful malaria research and to share it with the global community.
Single-genome sequencing reveals evolution of P vivax malaria parasites within the human host and identifies mutations that could confer drug resistance and escape from natural or vaccine immune responses. Transcript The fight against malaria is often described as a game of catch up, as the malaria parasite adapts and evolves to resist drug treatment and, in some cases, even diagnosis. Understanding the parasite on a molecular level, therefore, is becoming increasingly important, and one the ways of doing this is to look at the parasite's DNA. DNA sequencing is a tool that reveals the order of bases - the chemical building blocks of life - in a particular segment of DNA. When applied to the single cells of P. vivax parasites, new insights were uncovered. Recurrence of symptoms in patients with low parasitemia malaria infections and not treated with primaquine, even after many months, was due to relapse rather than reinfection. The researchers also identified several mutations which could confer drug resistance and escape from natural or vaccine immune responses. Source Single-genome sequencing reveals within-host evolution of human malaria parasites About The Podcast The Johns Hopkins Malaria Minute podcast is produced by the Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute to highlight impactful malaria research and to share it with the global community.
There are five Plasmodium species that cause malaria with the vast majority of reported cases being due to Plasmodium falciparum. Plasmodium vivax is the second most common reported cause of malaria. My guest today says P. vivax infections represent a major unrecognized burden on global health calling it "obscure and insidious" and we'll take a look at why he says this. Joining me today to discuss Plasmodium vivax, it's burden and a new study published in PLoS Medicine is Kevin Baird, PhD. Professor Baird is the head of the Eijkman-Oxford Research Unit in Jakarta, Indonesia and Professor of Malariology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford.
Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.10.08.331538v1?rss=1 Authors: Malcolm, T. R., Belousoff, M. J., Venugopal, H., Borg, N. A., Drinkwater, N., Atkinson, S. C., McGowan, S. Abstract: M17 leucyl aminopeptidases are metal-dependent exopeptidases that rely on oligomerization to diversify their functional roles. The M17 aminopeptidases from Plasmodium falciparum (PfA-M17) and Plasmodium vivax (Pv-M17) function as catalytically active hexamers to acquire free amino acids from human hemoglobin and are drug targets for the design of novel anti-malarial agents. In this study, we found that the active site metal ions essential for catalytic activity have a secondary structural role mediating the formation of active hexamers. We found that PfA-M17 and Pv-M17 exist in a metal-dependent dynamic equilibrium between active hexameric species and smaller inactive species, that can be controlled by manipulating the identity and concentration of metal ions available. Mutation of residues involved in metal ion binding impaired catalytic activity and the formation of active hexamers. Structural resolution of the Pv-M17 hexameric species revealed that PfA-M17 and Pv-M17 bind metal ions and substrates in a conserved fashion, although Pv-M17 forms the active hexamer more readily and processes substrates faster than PfA-M17. On the basis of solution studies and structures determined by cryo-electron microscopy, we propose a dynamic equilibrium between monomer dimer tetramer hexamer, which becomes directional towards the large oligomeric states with the addition of metal ions. M17 aminopeptidases can exploit this sophisticated metal-dependent dynamic equilibrium to regulate formation of the catalytically active hexamer and therefore regulate catalysis. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info
The Latest Malaria News, in 60 Seconds. Researchers characterise the liver stage of Plasmodium vivax, and scientists discover that two chemicals can inhibit growth of Plasmodium infection. More: www.fightmalaria.uk/MalariaMinute
The Latest Malaria News, in 60 Seconds. Artefenomel is assessed against Plasmodium vivax infection in humans to determine the minimum effective dose required for parasite clearance and LSHTM launch a beta version of The Global Vector Hub. More: www.fightmalaria.uk/MalariaMinute
The Latest Malaria News, in 60 Seconds. The spleen plays a major role in the expression of P. vivax genes and in the production of antigens associated with clinical protection, and scientists develop an AI that can detect Plasmodium infection in the blood. More: www.fightmalaria.uk/MalariaMinute
More info: www.alineaa.net/7thbirthday/838
The Latest Malaria News, in 60 Seconds. Antibody tests for P. vivax malaria could reduce disease prevalence by up to 69% and scientists develop a sex-distorter gene drive that eliminates populations of mosquitoes in the lab. More: www.fightmalaria.uk/MalariaMinute
With the holidays over and loads of new gift cards to utilize, David, Kaela and Allen return to the Foundation to plumb its depths. With Confinement’s fourth episode in their sights, what could possibly go wrong?All of the entries read can be found on the SCP Foundation website: http://www.scp-wiki.net/SCP-420-J - “The Best ████ in the World” was archived by Quikngruvn.SCP-174 - “Ventriloquist's Dummy” was archived by RichardJ28.SCP-1836 - “Mother in the Ice” was archived by Vivax.
The Latest Malaria News, in 60 Seconds. A genome of the European lineage of P. vivax malaria is generated by scientists and engineers develop an artificially-intelligent microscope for malaria diagnosis. More: www.fightmalaria.uk/MalariaMinute
The SCP Foundation is a subgenre of speculative fiction, covering horror, fantasy, and sci-fi, all contained in a very specialized writing style, meant to reflect the internal documentation of a mysterious organization that secures, contains, and protects weird objects and entities. I talked to a volunteer of the SCP Wiki, Vivax, to discuss how SCP… Support Role Playing Public Radio on Patreon at https://www.patreon.com/RPPR/ The post RPPR Episode 171: The SCP Foundation appeared first on Role Playing Public Radio.
Esta semana hablamos de plasmodium vivas: epidemiología, zonas endémicas, tratamiento de la infeccion aguda y tratamiento radical a proposito de artículos de reciente publicación en la revista científica Lancet. Referencia: Baird JK y colaboradores. Diagnosis and Treatment of Plasmodium vivax Malaria. Am J Trop Med hyg 2016; 95 (supp 6): 33-51. Battle KE y colaboradores. Mapping the global endemicity and clinical burden of Plasmodium vivax, 2000–17: a spatial and temporal modelling study. Lancet 2019; 6736 (19) 31096-7. Weiss DJ y colaboradores. Mapping the global prevalence, incidence, and mortality of Plasmodium falciparum, 2000-17: a spatial and temporal modelling study. Lancet 2019; S0140-6736 (19) 31097-9. Taylor WRJ y colaboradores. Short-course primaquine for radical cure of plasmodium vivax malaria: a multi center, randomized, placebo-controlled non inferiority trial. Lancet 2019.S0140-6736 (19) 31285-1. Frase de la Semana: La tomamos del poeta español Antonio Gamoneda quien nació en Oviedo el 30 de mayo de 1931. Habiendo tenido un padre poeta que murió a temprana edad se dice que Antonio Gamoneda aprendió a leer durante la Guerra Civil Española cuando las escuelas estaban cerradas sumergiéndose en los poemas de su padre. Fue galardonado en el 2006 con el Premio Reina Sofía y El Premio Cervantes que son los honores mas alto que se conceden en la literatura española. La frase dice: “Estoy desnudo ante el agua inmóvil. He dejado mi ropa en el silencio de las ultimas ramas. Esto era el destino: llegar al borde y tener miedo de la quietud del agua”
An in depth review of this notorious parasite. Hosts: Brian Gilberti, MD Audrey Bree Tse, MD https://media.blubrry.com/coreem/content.blubrry.com/coreem/Malaria.mp3 Download Leave a Comment Tags: Infectious Diseases Show Notes Background In 2017, there were 219 million cases and 435,000 people deaths from malaria Five species: Falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae, and P. knowlesi. Falciparum, Vivax and Knowlesi can be fatal History of recent travel to Africa (69% of cases in US), particularly to west-Africa should raise suspicion for malaria Clinical Manifestations Average incubation period for Falciparum is 12 days 95% will develop symptoms within 1 month Clinical findings with high likelihood ratios include periodic fevers, jaundice, splenomegaly, pallor. Can also have vomiting, headache, chills, abdominal pain, cough, and diarrhea Severe malaria has a mortality of 5% to 30%, even with therapy Diagnostic criteria for severe malaria:
An in depth review of this notorious parasite. Hosts: Brian Gilberti, MD Audrey Bree Tse, MD https://media.blubrry.com/coreem/content.blubrry.com/coreem/Malaria.mp3 Download Leave a Comment Tags: Infectious Diseases Show Notes Background In 2017, there were 219 million cases and 435,000 people deaths from malaria Five species: Falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae, and P. knowlesi. Falciparum, Vivax and Knowlesi can be fatal History of recent travel to Africa (69% of cases in US), particularly to west-Africa should raise suspicion for malaria Clinical Manifestations Average incubation period for Falciparum is 12 days 95% will develop symptoms within 1 month Clinical findings with high likelihood ratios include periodic fevers, jaundice, splenomegaly, pallor. Can also have vomiting, headache, chills, abdominal pain, cough, and diarrhea Severe malaria has a mortality of 5% to 30%, even with therapy Diagnostic criteria for severe malaria:
Dr Bob Taylor from MORU (Mahidol Oxford Research Unit) in Bangkok, Thailand, tells us about his research on malaria, and how we can use primaquine to treat vivax malaria and prevent the transmission of falciparum malaria Primaquine can be used both to treat vivax malaria and to prevent the transmission of falciparum malaria from human to mosquito. A shorter and age-based primaquine regimen would reduce the burden of vivax malaria. It would also allow primaquine to be used more widely to block the transmission of falciparum malaria.
Dr James Watson from MORU in Bangkok, Thailand, tells us about his research in the biology of relapse in vivax malaria, as well as the development of statistical models to better understand the pharmacology of antimalarial drugs. Primaquine is a drug used to eliminate vivax malaria from the liver and prevent relapses. However, it causes anaemia in patients with G6PD deficiency. A new, slightly longer regimen with increasing doses of primaquine could allow to safely treat all patients with vivax malaria.
Professor Ric Price, affiliated with our OUCRU unit, tells us of his research on surveillance, diagnostics and treatments for Plasmodium vivax malaria Vivax malaria used to be considered benign but is now recognised as an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Resistance to chloroquine (given to treat the parasite blood stage) is growing and ACT (artemisinin-based combination therapy) is becoming common treatment for vivax malaria. New drugs and better public health strategies can help elimination targets, anticipated for 2030.
The Latest Malaria News, in 60 Seconds. Scientists gather in Paris for the 7th International Conference on Plasmodium vivax Research, high-resolution maps chart P. falciparum and P. vivax prevalence over seventeen years and Brian Gitta is named a laureate for developing a new method of malaria diagnosis. More: www.fightmalaria.uk/MalariaMinute
El programa de esta semana lo dedicamos a discutir el tema de la recaída de malaria por infecciones con Plamodium vivax, aprovechando tres articulo recientes que tienen que ver con el tema. Referencias: Robert j Commons y colaboradores. The effect of chloroquine dose and primaquine on Plasmodium vivaxrecurrence: a WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network systematic review and individual patient pooled meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis, Sept 01, 2018. M.V.G Lacerda y colaboradores. Single-Dose Tafenoquine to Prevent Relapse of Plasmodium vivax Malaria. New Engl J Med Jan 17, 2019. Alejandro Llanos-Cuentas y colaboradores. Tafenoquine versus Primaquine to Prevent Relapse of Plasmodium vivax Malaria. New Engl J Med Jan 17, 2019. La Frase de la Semana: Esta vez la tomamos de William Faulkner. Nacido el 25 de septiembre de 1897 en Oxford Mississippi y fallecido el 6 de julio de 1962. Faulkner es uno de los más celebrados escritores estadounidenses. Fue el ganador del Premio Nobel de Literatura en 1949. Faulkner escribió novelas, cuentos, guiones, poesía, ensayos y una obra de teatro. La frase dice: “La sabiduría suprema es tener sueños bastante grandes para no perderlos de vista mientras se persiguen”
Leads, Leads, Leads Today, on the Business Brush, Nick is joined by Scott Bondy and Logan Hall from the Denver-Based Vivax Pros. Vivax was founded in 2004 and, 14 years later, paints exteriors all over Colorado with hundreds of employees and subcontractors. Nick asks Scott, the director of marketing, and Logan, VP of production, about […] The post Logan Hall and Scott Bondy, Vivax Pros | S4E9 | THE BUSINESS BRUSH appeared first on Pro Painter Network.
Malaria is probably the most important parasitic disease affecting man. The parasite belongs to the class Sporozoa and the genus Plasmodium, a name which means multinucleated mass. There are scores of named species of Plasmodium which infect various species of vertebrates. Four species are considered true parasites of humans, as they utilize humans almost exclusively as a natural intermediate host: P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale and P. malariae. On today's podcast, I talk to author, Rosemary Drisdelle about some of the basics of malaria and jump into the most common species, Plasmodium vivax.
Malaria is probably the most important parasitic disease affecting man. The parasite belongs to the class Sporozoa and the genus Plasmodium, a name which means multinucleated mass. There are scores of named species of Plasmodium which infect various species of vertebrates. Four species are considered true parasites of humans, as they utilize humans almost exclusively […] The post Malaria: A general introduction and Plasmodium vivax appeared first on Outbreak News Today.
The TWIPniks solve the case of the Man With Diarrhea and 100 Micron Objects In Stool, and discuss the reticulocyte receptor for Plasmodium vivax. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, and Daniel Griffin Become a patron of TWiP. Links for this episode: Reticulocyte receptor for Plasmodium vivax (Science) Image credit: Parasitic Diseases, 6th Ed. Parasite Heroine: Marietta Voge Letters read on TWiP 146 Case Study for TWiP 146 27 yo male lawyer comes NY area to be seen, has 4 cm ulcer on right foot. Painless, has raised borders, minimal surrounding erythema. Going on for quite a while. Initially was papule, enlarged, ulcerated, this enlarged and has been more than 4 weeks. No past med probs, allergic to penicillin but just upset his stomach. No meds. Social habits: drinking. Own apt in NYC. Travel: 1 month before papule was whitewater rafting in Costa Rica, noticed when he got back. Wore sandals, got lots of insect bites. Afebrile, normal BP, fit athletic young man. Non tender lesion, base is red, white fibrous coating. Border raised but not undermined. No surrounding swelling, no eschar over wound, open non healing. Send your case diagnosis, questions and comments to twip@microbe.tv Music by Ronald Jenkees
Conversa sobre a plataforma Plasmodium Vivax com Pedro Chagas, Tiago Teixeira e Isa Torres.
Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Daniel Griffin Guest: Paul Daniel and Vincent solve the case of the Truck Driver from India, discuss why parasites resistant to an antimalarial drug are not transmitted by mosquitoes, and introduce Paul who presents a new case study. Links for this episode: Atovaquone resistant parasites not transmitted by mosquitoes (Science) Image credit Letters read on TWiP 109 This episode is sponsored by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and nonfiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. Send your case diagnosis, questions and comments to twip@microbe.tv
Vincent, Dickson, and Daniel consider the delivery of anti-trypanosome nanobodies to the tsetse fly via a bacterial symbiont, and present a new case study. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, and Daniel Griffin Links for this episode: Delivery of a functional nanobody to tsetse flies (Microb Cell Fact) Nanobodies (Wikipedia) V.B. Wigglesworth (Wikipedia) VB Nimble, VB Quick Knott test Mazzotti reaction Image credit Letters read on TWiP 84 Contact Send your questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to twip@twiv.tv Subscribe Subscribe to TWiP (free) in iTunes, by the RSS feed or by email
Dr Arturo Reyes-Sandoval tells us about his research on a vaccine against Plasmodium vivax. Dr Reyes Sandoval aims to develop a novel malaria vaccine against Plasmodium vivax, one of the four malaria parasites that affect humans. P. vivax is found in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Western Pacific. 40 percent of the world's population is exposed to the disease that is responsible for around 130 to 350 million clinical cases every year.
Dr Arturo Reyes-Sandoval tells us about his research on a vaccine against Plasmodium vivax. Plasmodium vivax, one of the four malaria parasites that affect humans, is difficult to eradicate due to its ability to lay dormant in the liver for long periods of time. This parasite is found in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Western Pacific. 40 percent of the world's population is exposed to the disease that is responsible for around 130 to 350 million clinical cases every year. Dr Arturo Reyes-Sandoval aims to develop a novel malaria vaccine against Plasmodium vivax.
Dr Arturo Reyes-Sandoval tells us about his research on a vaccine against Plasmodium vivax. Dr Reyes Sandoval aims to develop a novel malaria vaccine against Plasmodium vivax, one of the four malaria parasites that affect humans. P. vivax is found in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Western Pacific. 40 percent of the world's population is exposed to the disease that is responsible for around 130 to 350 million clinical cases every year.
Dr Arturo Reyes-Sandoval tells us about his research on a vaccine against Plasmodium vivax. Plasmodium vivax, one of the four malaria parasites that affect humans, is difficult to eradicate due to its ability to lay dormant in the liver for long periods of time. This parasite is found in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Western Pacific. 40 percent of the world's population is exposed to the disease that is responsible for around 130 to 350 million clinical cases every year. Dr Arturo Reyes-Sandoval aims to develop a novel malaria vaccine against Plasmodium vivax.
In Episode 166 seht Ihr einen Test des Vivax Assist Alpha mit Elektrounterstützung. Außerdem waren wir zu Besuch bei SQLab und wir zeigen Euch Highlights von der Red Bull Berg Line. Ein Gewinnspiel gibt es auch.
Background: In Ethiopia, malaria is caused by both Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. Drug resistance of P. falciparum to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) and chloroquine (CQ) is frequent and intense in some areas. Methods: In 100 patients with uncomplicated malaria from Dilla, southern Ethiopia, P. falciparum dhfr and dhps mutations as well as P. vivax dhfr polymorphisms associated with resistance to SP and P. falciparum pfcrt and pfmdr1 mutations conferring CQ resistance were assessed. Results: P. falciparum and P. vivax were observed in 69% and 31% of the patients, respectively. Pfdhfr triple mutations and pfdhfr/pfdhps quintuple mutations occurred in 87% and 86% of P. falciparum isolates, respectively. Pfcrt T76 was seen in all and pfmdr1 Y86 in 81% of P. falciparum. The P. vivax dhfr core mutations N117 and R58 were present in 94% and 74%, respectively. Conclusion: These data point to an extraordinarily high frequency of drug-resistance mutations in both P. falciparum and P. vivax in southern Ethiopia, and strongly support that both SP and CQ are inadequate drugs for this region.
Background: Plasmodium vivax is the second most common species among malaria patients diagnosed in Europe, but epidemiological and clinical data on imported P. vivax malaria are limited. The TropNetEurop surveillance network has monitored the importation of vivax malaria into Europe since 1999. Objectives: To present epidemiological and clinical data on imported P. vivax malaria collected at European level. Material and methods: Data of primary cases of P. vivax malaria reported between January 1999 and September 2003 were analysed, focusing on disease frequency, patient characteristics, place of infection, course of disease, treatment and differences between network-member countries. Results: Within the surveillance period 4,801 cases of imported malaria were reported. 618 (12.9%) were attributed to P. vivax. European travellers and immigrants were the largest patient groups, but their proportion varied among the reporting countries. The main regions of infection in descending order were the Indian subcontinent, Indonesia, South America and Western and Eastern Africa, as a group accounting for more than 60% of the cases. Regular use of malaria chemoprophylaxis was reported by 118 patients. With 86 (inter-quartile range 41-158) versus 31 days (inter-quartile range 4-133) the median symptom onset was significantly delayed in patients with chemoprophylaxis (p < 0.0001). Common complaints were fever, headache, fatigue, and musculo-skeletal symptoms. All patients survived and severe clinical complications were rare. Hospitalization was provided for 60% and primaquine treatment administered to 83.8% of the patients, but frequencies varied strongly among reporting countries. Conclusions: TropNetEurop data can contribute to the harmonization of European treatment policies.
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