Podcasts about Vocabulary

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for December 7, 2025 is: enigmatic • en-ig-MAT-ik • adjective Something or someone described as enigmatic is mysterious and difficult to understand. // The band's lead singer has always been an enigmatic figure, refusing to use social media or even sit for interviews. See the entry > Examples: “For thirty years, Perlefter's carpet hung peacefully on the wall in the museum, delighting visitors with its beauty, its unusual palette, enigmatic motifs and its echoes of four empires.” — Dorothy Armstrong, Threads of Empire: A History of the World in Twelve Carpets, 2025 Did you know? The noun enigma can refer to a puzzle, a riddle, a question mark. It's no mystery then, that the adjective enigmatic describes what is hard to solve or figure out. An enigmatic person, for example, may be someone with a bit of je ne sais quoi. What's behind a stranger's enigmatic smile? Your guess is as good as ours. Does the vocabulary in the short story you're reading render it a tad enigmatic? Better grab a dictionary! Both enigma and enigmatic come from the Greek verb ainissesthai, meaning “to speak in riddles.”

Join Teacher Tiffani in this dynamic English Masterclass packed with real fluency-building techniques that actually work. You'll learn how to analyze conversations, compare natural expressions, and create confidence through consistent daily practice. Discover the power of chunking, consistency, and confrontation to overcome hesitation. Plus, explore cultural insights, active listening, and complex sentence patterns used by native speakers in everyday English. Whether you're in America or abroad, these step-by-step strategies will help you sound fluent and natural in every conversation.If you want to sign up for the free English email newsletter, go to https://speakenglishwithtiffani.com/newsletter

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for December 6, 2025 is: sensibility • sen-suh-BIL-uh-tee • noun Sensibility is a formal word often used in its plural form to refer someone's personal or cultural approach to what they encounter, as in “the speaker made sure to tailor his speech to the sensibilities of his audience.” Sensibility can also be used for the kind of feelings a person tends to have in general, as well as for the ability to feel and understand emotions. // Many older cartoons feel out of line with modern sensibilities. // She brought an artistic sensibility to every facet of her life, not just her celebrated painting. See the entry > Examples: “[Lady] Gaga's absurdist sensibilities have long been an underrated facet of her work—probably because she's so good at delivering them with a straight face.” — Rich Juzwiak, Pitchfork, 10 Mar. 2025 Did you know? The meanings of sensibility run the gamut from mere sensation to excessive sentimentality, but we're here to help you make sense of it all. In between is a capacity for delicate appreciation, a sense often pluralized. In Jane Austen's books, sensibility is mostly an admirable quality she attributes to, or finds lacking in, her characters: “He had ... a sensibility to what was amiable and lovely” (of Mr. Elliot in Persuasion). In Sense and Sensibility, however, Austen starts out by ascribing to Marianne sensibleness, on the one hand, but an “excess of sensibility” on the other: “Her sorrows, her joys, could have no moderation ... she was everything but prudent.”

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for December 5, 2025 is: inoculate • ih-NAHK-yuh-layt • verb To inoculate a person or animal is to introduce immunologically active material (such as an antibody or antigen) into them especially in order to treat or prevent a disease. Inoculate can also mean "to introduce (something, such as a microorganism) into a suitable situation for growth," and in figurative use, it can mean "to protect as if by inoculation" or "to introduce something into the mind of." // In 1796, the English physician Edward Jenner discovered that inoculating people with cowpox could provide immunity against smallpox. // The cheese is inoculated with a starter culture to promote fermentation. See the entry > Examples: "Truffle farmers ... inoculate oak or hazelnut seedlings with truffle spores, plant the seedlings and wait patiently often a decade or more for the underground relationship to mature. The eventual harvest is a reward for years of cooperation between tree and fungus." — David Shubin, The Weekly Calistogan (Calistoga, California), 30 Oct. 2025 Did you know? If you think you see a connection between inoculate and ocular ("of or relating to the eye"), you have a good eye—both words look back to oculus, the Latin word for "eye." But what does the eye have to do with inoculation? Our answer lies in the original use of inoculate in Middle English: "to insert a bud into a plant for propagation." The Latin oculus was sometimes applied to things that were seen to resemble eyes, and one such thing was the bud of a plant. Inoculate was later applied to other forms of engrafting or implanting, including the introduction of vaccines as a preventative against disease.

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for December 4, 2025 is: frowsy • FROW-zee • adjective Something described as frowsy has a messy or dirty appearance. // The lamp, discovered in a neglected corner of a frowsy antique store, turned out to be quite valuable. See the entry > Examples: “Footage from his early shows is sublime. In one, models with frowsy hair totter along the catwalk in clogs, clutching—for reasons not explained—dead mackerel.” — Jess Cartner-Morley, The Guardian (London), 4 Mar. 2024 Did you know? Despite its meanings suggesting neglect and inattention, frowsy has been kept in steady rotation by English users since the late 1600s. The word (which is also spelled frowzy and has enjoyed other variants over the centuries) first wafted into the language in an olfactory sense describing that which smells fusty and musty—an old factory, perhaps, or “corrupt air from animal substance,” which Benjamin Franklin described as “frouzy” in a 1773 letter. Frowsy later gained an additional sense describing the appearance of something (or someone) disheveled or unkempt. Charles Dickens was a big fan of this usage, writing of “frowzy fields, and cowhouses” in Dombey and Son and “a frowzy fringe” of hair hanging about someone's ears in The Old Curiosity Shop. Both senses are still in use today.

In this English lesson I will help you learn useful vocabulary for talking about drones and other flying technology. Maybe you've seen a drone at the park or beach or own one in real life, or you're just curious about how they work, these words will help you describe them clearly and confidently in English.In this English lesson you'll learn words and phrases like: drone, quadcopter, controller, gimbal, propeller, battery pack, and flight time. I'll also teach action words like hover, takeoff, and landing, as well as helpful phrases like obstacle avoidance and drone pilot.I hope you enjoy this English lesson about drones!Note: This is the audio portion of a Youtube English lesson which you can watch right here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zAnvU7QpjzU or by searching Youtube for, "Bob the Canadian Drone"

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Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for December 3, 2025 is: alchemy • AL-kuh-mee • noun Alchemy refers to a power or process that changes or transforms something in a mysterious or impressive way. // They practiced their alchemy in the kitchen, turning a pile of vegetables and legumes into an extravagant meal. // The shopkeepers hoped for some sort of economic alchemy that would improve business. See the entry > Examples: “Forty years ago, the Nintendo Entertainment System hit North American shores, singlehandedly resurrecting the video-game market after its infamous post-Atari crash in 1983. To do so, it needed a heavy hitter, a killer must-have title that could put butts in seats and lock audiences into the tube TV until their eyes bleed. That game was Super Mario Bros.—a product so potent, its exact alchemy has never been re-created.” — Christopher Cruz, Rolling Stone, 18 Oct. 2025 Did you know? Alchemy—the medieval chemical science and speculative philosophy that focused on the attempt to change less valuable metals into gold, to find a universal cure for disease, and to discover a means of prolonging life indefinitely—was practiced in much of the ancient world, from China and India to Greece. Alchemy as practiced in ancient Egypt was later revived in 12th-century Europe through translations of Arabic texts into Latin, which led to the development of pharmacology and to the rise of modern chemistry. The word alchemy was first used in English in the 1400s, and by the mid-1500s it had developed figurative senses relating to powers and processes that can change or transform things in mysterious or impressive ways.

What comes out of your mouth...is it a pipeline from hell, or a channel of Heaven's grace? In a world saturated with profanity, gossip, and negative commands, it's time for Christians to retake our language.Join Vianca Joy for a powerful, practical episode of Serenity on Steroids that goes beyond “cursing is bad” and digs into the theology, psychology, and practice of Christ-honoring communication. Learn how corrupt talk isn't just vulgar...it's sapros (rotten), it's poverty of imagination, and it directly opposes the creative, life-giving nature of God's own words.Discover how to:Replace profanity with precision and powerTurn gossip into grace and prayerShift from “don't” and “stop” to language that builds and blessesTurn everyday conversations into sacramental moments

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for December 2, 2025 is: cajole • kuh-JOHL • verb To cajole someone is to use flattery or gentle urging to persuade them to do something or to give you something. Cajole can also mean “to deceive with soothing words or false promises.” It is often used with the word into. // She cajoled her partner into going to the party with her. // They hoped to cajole him into cooperating with local officials. See the entry > Examples: “... I cajoled my father into letting me use the company season tickets which were supposed to be used for clients, but sometimes wound up in my hands.” — Sal Maiorana, The Rochester (New York) Democrat and Chronicle, 22 Oct. 2025 Did you know? However hard we try, we can't cajole the full history of cajole from the cages of obscurity. We know that it comes from the French verb cajoler, meaning “to give much attention to; to make a fuss over; to flatter or persuade with flattery,” and goes back to the Middle French cajoller, meaning “to flatter out of self-interest.” But the next chapter of the word's history may, or may not, be for the birds: it's possible that cajoller relates to the Middle French verb cageoller, used for the action of a jay or other bird singing. Cageoller, in turn, traces back to gaiole, a word meaning “birdcage” in a dialect of Picardy.

What score would you get if you took the IELTS tomorrow? Get your estimated IELTS Band Score now with our free 2-minute quiz. Want to get a guaranteed score increase on your next IELTS Exam? Check out our 3 Keys IELTS Online course. Check out our other podcasts: All Ears English Podcast: We focus on Connection NOT Perfection when it comes to learning English. This podcast is perfect for listeners at the intermediate or advanced level. This is an award-winning podcast with more than 4 million monthly downloads. Business English Podcast: Improve your Business English with 3 episodes per week, featuring Lindsay, Michelle, and Aubrey Visit our website here or https://lnk.to/website-sn Send your English question or episode topic idea to support@allearsenglish.com Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for December 1, 2025 is: pseudonym • SOO-duh-nim • noun A pseudonym is a name that someone (such as a writer) uses instead of their real name. // bell hooks is the pseudonym of the American writer Gloria Jean Watkins. See the entry > Examples: “Edgar Wright, the filmmaker and genre specialist who has given the world modern gems like Shaun of the Dead, Hot Fuzz, and Baby Driver, estimates he was around 13 years old when he read ‘the Bachman Books,' a collection of four novels that Stephen King published under the pseudonym Richard Bachman during the early years of his career.” — Don Kaye, Den of Geek, 9 Oct. 2025 Did you know? Pseudonym has its origins in the Greek adjective pseudōnymos, which means “bearing a false name.” French speakers adopted the Greek word as the noun pseudonyme, and English speakers later modified the French word into pseudonym. Many celebrated authors have used pseudonyms. Samuel Clemens wrote under the pseudonym “Mark Twain,” Charles Lutwidge Dodgson assumed the pseudonym “Lewis Carroll,” and Mary Ann Evans used “George Eliot” as her pseudonym.

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for November 30, 2025 is: iconoclast • eye-KAH-nuh-klast • noun Iconoclast originally referred to someone who destroys religious images or who opposes their veneration. It is now used to refer broadly to anyone who criticizes or opposes beliefs and practices that are widely accepted. // The comedian had developed a reputation as a contrarian and an iconoclast for whom no topic was off-limits. See the entry > Examples: “Chicago will be the only U.S. city to see the 92-year-old iconoclast Yoko Ono's new show. ... ‘Yoko Ono: Music of the Mind' goes back to the start of the artist's career in the mid-'50s, and the role she played in the creative worlds of New York, Tokyo and London.” — Carrie Shepherd, Axios, 1 Apr. 2025 Did you know? Iconoclast comes from the Middle Greek word eikonoklástēs, which translates literally as “image destroyer.” While the destruction wrought by today's iconoclasts is figurative—in modern use, an iconoclast is someone who criticizes or opposes beliefs and practices that are widely accepted—the first iconoclasts directed their ire at religious icons, those representations of sacred individuals used as objects of veneration. The Byzantine Empire's Iconoclastic Controversy occurred in the 8th and 9th centuries, but the word iconoclast didn't find its way to English until the 17th century. Figurative use came later still.

https://traffic.libsyn.com/secure/bizpod/BEP068c-Interruptions.mp3 Welcome back to Business English Pod for today's English for meetings lesson on how to deal with interruptions during a meeting. Meetings are a very important part of work life. They are where decisions are made, relationships are built, and work is coordinated. When meetings go smoothly, they can feel very productive. But meetings can easily become messy and unfocused. In many cases, people compete for time and attention during meetings. They interrupt each other to give new ideas, disagree, or try to get their way. Knowing how to deal with interruptions is a critical skill if you want to participate fully in a meeting. Interrupting people is easier if you learn some useful phrases. You can also learn language to help you stop an interruption and finish what you were saying. In some cases, you might need to concede someone else's point, either partly or fully. When we concede a point, we are saying “okay, you're right.” Sometimes that's the key to moving on after an interruption. In today's dialog, we'll join a meeting at a manufacturing company. Bill is the production manager and Mei Lin and Sam work in HR. They are discussing staffing and recruiting for a new production line. Bill is keen to hire new staff, but Sam and Mei Lin want to explore alternative approaches so there's a lot of disagreement and interrupting during the meeting. Listening Questions 1. What does Bill say is the purpose of the meeting? 2. What is one of the expressions Mei Lin uses to interrupt Bill when he's speaking? 3. What does Bill say to get back to what he was trying to say after being interrupted? Premium Members: PDF Transcript | Quizzes | PhraseCast | Lesson Module Download: Podcast MP3>>> The post BEP 68c – English for Meetings: Dealing with Interruptions first appeared on Business English Pod :: Learn Business English Online.

Struggling with English fluency despite knowing grammar rules? You're not alone—and it's not your fault. In this episode, we reveal why traditional English learning often fails: you're using your analytical left brain when you should be engaging your intuitive right brain.Discover the neuroscience behind language acquisition and learn why children become fluent without studying grammar while adults struggle despite years of lessons. We break down four critical concepts that will transform your approach to English:Left-Brain Overreliance: Learn how grammar-focused thinking creates slow, effortful speech and discover the 5 warning signs that your left brain is blocking your fluency.Right-Brain Activation: Unlock the pattern recognition and intuition that native speakers use automatically. Get 5 practical techniques to engage your right brain for natural, flowing English.Integrated Brain Function: Find out how to combine analytical precision with intuitive fluency for advanced proficiency. Explore 5 strategies to balance both hemispheres for optimal learning.Implicit Learning Strategies: Master the art of acquiring English unconsciously through exposure, just like children do—but with adult advantages. Apply 5 powerful implicit learning techniques that outperform traditional study methods.Whether you're an intermediate learner stuck on a plateau or an advanced student seeking native-like fluency, this episode provides actionable insights backed by neuroscience. Stop fighting your brain and start working with it. English fluency is closer than you think—you just need to activate the right mental systems.Perfect for: English learners who feel mentally exhausted after speaking, anyone who thinks in their native language and then translates, and students ready to break through to natural, automatic English.If you want to sign up for the free English email newsletter, go to https://speakenglishwithtiffani.com/newsletter

In this episode, we bust one of the most persistent myths in Arabic learning: that memorizing vocabulary lists leads to fluency. Spoiler alert—it doesn't.Building on the previous episode, Stop Translating: Learn Arabic in Arabic, we explore why memorization often derails even the most motivated learners and how it leads to exhaustion, discouragement, and burnout long before reaching meaningful proficiency.Drawing on decades of coaching experience—and supported by language-acquisition research—we unpack:Why memorizing vocabulary is far slower and less effective than you thinkThe staggering number of words fluent speakers actually recognizeHow your brain really acquires language through repeated, meaningful encountersThe difference between input, interaction, and output—and why all three matterWhat to focus on instead of memorizing so you can build long-term understandingWhy creating a growing library of comprehensible audio accelerates fluencyHow natural repetition, real-life encounters, and guided practice outperform any word listWhether you're a beginner, intermediate learner, or supporting others along their Arabic journey, this episode offers a clear and research-grounded path forward—one that is far more enjoyable and sustainable than memorization ever could be.If you're ready to let go of unhelpful habits and build your fluency through meaningful exposure, guided practice, and natural acquisition, this episode is for you.Don't forget to follow the podcast and leave a review to support more Arabic learners around the world!To learn more about our approach to learning Arabic, visit our page here.Here's the link to the comedian mentioned in the episode: Ismo on Late Night with Conan O'Brien.

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for November 29, 2025 is: exculpatory • ek-SKUL-puh-tor-ee • adjective Something described as exculpatory serves to prove that someone is not guilty of doing something wrong. // Their lawyer presented insurmountable exculpatory evidence at the trial. See the entry > Examples: “That agreement also requires prosecutors to implement new policies to prevent the misuse of informants, maintain records and audits, and to disclose exculpatory evidence to criminal defendants involving snitches.” — Salvador Hernandez, The Los Angeles Times, 18 Jan. 2025 Did you know? Exculpatory is the adjectival form of the verb exculpate, meaning “to clear from guilt.” The pair of words cannot be accused of being secretive—their joint etymology reveals all: they are tied to the Medieval Latin verb exculpare, a word that combines the prefix ex-, meaning “out of” or “away from,” with the Latin noun culpa, meaning “blame.” The related but lesser-known terms inculpate (“to incriminate”) and inculpatory (“implying or imputing guilt”) are antonyms of exculpate and exculpatory. A related adjective, culpable, describes someone or something deserving of blame. All of these words are found most often in formal speech and writing, but if you choose to drop them into everyday conversation, your dictionary exculpates you.

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Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for November 28, 2025 is: sustain • suh-STAYN • verb To sustain someone or something is to provide what is needed for that person or thing to exist or continue. Sustain also means "to hold up the weight of," "to suffer or endure," or "to confirm or prove." In legal contexts, to sustain something is to decide or state that it is proper, legal, or fair. // Hope sustained us during that difficult time. // The shed roof collapsed, unable to sustain the weight of all the snow. // The athlete sustained serious injuries during last week's game. See the entry > Examples: "Pushing fallen leaves into garden beds to insulate plants and nourish the soil will also shelter hibernating insects that, in turn, will sustain ground-feeding birds. It's much better for the ecosystem—and easier for the gardener—than bagging them up and sending them to a landfill." — Jessica Damiano, The Chicago Daily Herald, 12 Oct. 2025 Did you know? The word sustain is both handy and hardy. Its use has been sustained since the days of Middle English (it traces back to the Latin verb sustinēre meaning "to hold up" or "to sustain") by its utility across a variety of consequential subjects, from environmental protections to legal proceedings to medical reports. The word is so prevalent and so varied in its application, in fact, that it enjoys sustained high ranking as one of our top lookups—evidence of our readers' sustained commitment to, well, sustaining themselves with information about words.

Prompting each other for the weird phrases we always say to each other.

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for November 27, 2025 is: cornucopia • kor-nuh-KOH-pee-uh • noun A cornucopia, also known as a horn of plenty, is a curved, hollow goat's horn or similarly shaped receptacle (such as a horn-shaped basket) that is overflowing, especially with fruit and vegetables. The image of a cornucopia is commonly used as decoration and as a symbol of abundance, but the word cornucopia is today more often encountered in its metaphorical use referring to an overflowing abundance, or to a seemingly inexhaustible amount of something. // The zoo's new aviary is a veritable cornucopia of color and sound, with scores of different bird species swooping and squawking through the canopy. See the entry > Examples: “It was rather dark in there. ... However, the counters and their cornucopia of offerings were brightly lit. Want chocolate bars? Nasal sprays? Gummy bears? Bath bombs? Tinctures? Vapes? Mints? Jellies? Peanut butter cups? Lemonade? Fruit punch?” — Marla Jo Fisher, The Orange County (California) Register, 1 Sept. 2025 Did you know? Cornucopia comes from the Late Latin phrase cornu copiae, which translates literally as “horn of plenty.” A traditional staple of feasts, the cornucopia is believed to represent the horn of a goat from Greek mythology. According to legend, it was from this horn, which could be filled with whatever the owner wished, that the god Zeus was fed as an infant by his nurse, the nymph Amalthaea. Later, the horn was filled with flowers and fruits, and given as a present to Zeus. The filled horn (or a receptacle resembling it) has long served as a traditional symbol in art and decoration to suggest a store of abundance. The word first appeared in English in the early 16th century; a century later, it developed the figurative sense of “an overflowing supply.”

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Get our 2026 English Mastery Bundle, our best offer of the year. Save 50% on our intermediate to advanced learning plan. Get B1, B2, and C1 English Fluency courses plus bonuses. Get a clear learning plan for the full 9-12 months plus AI practice and community practice with teachers and students. Go here to enroll now. Offer ends Friday at midnight. --- For a limited time, visit AuraFrames.com and get $45 off Aura's best-selling Carver Mat frames - named #1 by Wirecutter -  by using promo code  AEE at checkout. That's A-U-R-A Frames.com promo code  AEE. This exclusive Black Friday Cyber Monday deal is their best of the year, so order now before it ends! Support the show by mentioning us at checkout! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for November 26, 2025 is: unabashed • un-uh-BASHT • adjective Someone who is unabashed is not embarrassed or ashamed about openly expressing strong feelings or opinions. // Unabashed by their booing and hissing, the artist continued with the musical performance. See the entry > Examples: “Take the melodramatic storyline of a telenovela and tell it through the unabashed mediums of opera and drag, and you'll have ‘Inebria Me,' the subversive experimental opera by San Cha ending its West Coast tour at REDCAT this month. Latin dance fuses with queer storytelling as the sounds of ... punk, classical and electronic make up the performance, which pulls from creator San Cha's 2019 album ‘La Luz de la Esperanza.'” — Katerina Portela, The Los Angeles Times, 3 Oct. 2025 Did you know? To abash someone is to shake up their composure or self-possession, as illustrated by Charlotte Brontë in her 1849 novel Shirley: “He had never blushed in his life; no humiliation could abash him.” When you are unabashed you make no apologies for your behavior, nor do you attempt to hide or disguise it; but when you are abashed your confidence has been thrown off and you may feel rather inferior or ashamed of yourself. English speakers have been using abashed to describe feelings of embarrassment since the 14th century, but they have only used unabashed (brazenly or otherwise) since the 15th century (not that there's anything wrong with that).

Why do certain spices and dishes show up far from their origins, and how can tracing these cultural "foodways" change the way we think about wine and food pairing? Why did Cha create her own flavour wheel rather than rely on traditional wine-tasting vocabulary? How can expanding your flavour vocabulary through travel, food, and culture help us describe wine in ways that feel relatable? In this episode of the Unreserved Wine Talk podcast, I'm chatting with Cha McCoy, author of the new book Wine Pairing for the People. You can find the wines we discussed at https://www.nataliemaclean.com/winepicks.   Giveaway Three of you are going to win a copy of Cha McCoy's terrific new book, Wine Pairing for the People: The Communion of Wine, Food, and Culture from Africa and Beyond. To qualify, all you have to do is email me at natalie@nataliemaclean.com and let me know that you've posted a review of the podcast. I'll choose three people randomly from those who contact me. Good luck!   Highlights Which one of Cha's wine and food pairings might receive the most pushback from traditionalists? What does cultural terroir mean? How do cultural factors influence a country's wine preferences and the wine styles it produces? Why does Brazil's vibrant culture make sparkling wine such a natural fit? What are foodways, and how does the journey of ingredients and dishes inform the cultural connections between food and wine pairings across continents? How did Cha navigate pairing wines for Senegalese dishes when her formal training had not prepared her for those flavours? Why does Cha recommend rich, aromatic white wines for onion and garlic-heavy dishes? How did tasting local drinks expand Cha's wine vocabulary and approach to wine education for diverse audiences? Why did Cha create her own flavour wheel that included references and descriptors that differ from traditional industry flavour wheels? How can building a personal flavour wheel help drinkers trust their own palates and avoid feeling intimidated by industry jargon? What change would Cha make to wine education to make it more globally inclusive?   Key Takeaways Why do certain spices and dishes show up far from their origins, and how can tracing these cultural "foodways" change the way we think about wine and food pairing? You'll see Peri Peri often, and you're nowhere near South Africa, which says a lot about foodways. That act of tracing it back is the foodways. Why did Cha create her own flavour wheel rather than rely on traditional wine-tasting vocabulary? The flavour wheel is commonly used in beginner wine classes to help folks navigate deductive tasting. Why would I start throwing in references that I don't use and smell often? Let's say saffron, turmeric, these are spices that are in my spice cabinet because I cook with them. I find them in wine, even though the WSET vocabulary doesn't use them. You can build your own flavour wheel. How can expanding your flavour vocabulary through travel, food, and culture help us describe wine in ways that feel relatable? Visiting Turkey and Morocc, made Cha understand their drinking culture. Knowing what that background is helps her explain wines that were… I can translate this wine, knowing that fact about them, or in a restaurant that I know, or a chef making a dish that's related to this. I wanted to stay away from using vocabularies that is not, you know, if I'm talking to my demographic, I know where they're from, and I know what they're drinking, or I know what they're eating. And so when you are traveling, immersed in fruits and juices, different ways that you can have that. And now it adds to your own lexicon.     About Cha McCoy Cha McCoy, MBA, is an entrepreneur, educator, event producer, and author. As a certified sommelier with the Court of Master Sommeliers, she developed The Communion, a wine dinner series that offers an inviting, accessible approach to gathering and enjoying wine. This experience inspired her to open her first retail space, The Communion Wine & Spirits. The dinner series was profiled in Food & Wine, and Cha was named one of Wine Enthusiast's 40 Under 40. Her work continues through her highly anticipated book, Wine Pairing for the People: The Communion of Wine, Food, and Culture from Africa and Beyond, available now for pre-order and scheduled for release in November. Cha has held coveted positions such as Cherry Bombe Magazine's first beverage director, the head of beverage for the Charleston Wine + Food Festival, and a sommelier at a Michelin-starred restaurant in Portugal and John Fraser Restaurant in New York.         To learn more, visit https://www.nataliemaclean.com/365.

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for November 25, 2025 is: perdition • per-DISH-un • noun Perdition refers to hell, or to the state of being in hell forever as punishment after death—in other words, damnation. It is usually used figuratively. // Dante's Inferno details the main character's journey through perdition. // It's this kind of selfishness that leads down the road to perdition. See the entry > Examples: “AC/DC has been criticized for sticking to its straightforward musical formula for more than 50 staggering years, but there's little denying the appeal of the group's adrenalized and reliable approach. As Angus Young stated in the liner notes for a reissue of ‘The Razor's Edge,' ‘AC/DC equals power. That's the basic idea.' That energetic jolt is sometimes the perfect means to raise spirits and spread actual joy, even coming from a band offering the cartoonish imagery of plastic horns and travel down the road to perdition.” — Jeff Elbel, The Chicago Sun-Times, 25 May 2025 Did you know? Perdition is a word that gives a darn, and then some. It was borrowed into English in the 14th century from the Anglo-French noun perdiciun and ultimately comes from the Latin verb perdere, meaning “to destroy.” Among the earliest meanings of perdition was, appropriately, “utter destruction,” as when Shakespeare wrote of the “perdition of the Turkish fleet” in Othello. This sense, while itself not utterly destroyed, doesn't see much use anymore; perdition is today used almost exclusively for eternal damnation or the place where such destruction of the soul occurs.

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for November 24, 2025 is: amalgamate • uh-MAL-guh-mayt • verb Amalgamate is a formal verb meaning "to unite (two or more things) into one thing." // The school district has proposed amalgamating the two high schools. See the entry > Examples: "Ten years ago, there were 339 credit unions in Ireland, but that is down to 187, according to Central Bank figures. Part of the rationale for credit unions to amalgamate to create larger units is so they can expand their mortgage and business lending." — Charlie Weston, The Irish Independent, 28 Aug. 2025 Did you know? Today, one can amalgamate—that is, combine into one—any two (or more) things, such as hip-hop and country music, for example. The origins of amalgamate, however, have more to do with heavy metal. Amalgamate comes from the Medieval Latin verb amalgamāre, meaning "to combine (a metal) with mercury." It's been part of English since the 1500s, its introduction closely trailing that of the noun amalgam (from the Medieval Latin amalgama), which in its oldest use means "a mixture of mercury and another metal." (In dentistry, amalgams combining liquid mercury with powders containing silver, tin, and other metals are sometimes used for filling holes in teeth). The word amalgamate can be used either technically, implying the creation of an alloy of mercury, or more generally for the formation of any compound or combined entity.

This week on "Takeaway Chinese," we're serving up a fresh episode all about fruits! Learn the must-know vocabulary, fun expressions, and cultural tidbits that make talking about fruits in Chinese so much sweeter. Tune in and take your Chinese to the next level! On the show: Niu Honglin & Steve. (03:28) Fruit vocabulary in Chinese. (12:23) Fun tongue twister about grapes.

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for November 23, 2025 is: desolate • DESS-uh-lut • adjective Desolate describes places that lack people, plants, animals, etc., that make people feel welcome in a place; desolate places are, in other words, deserted or barren. Desolate can also mean “joyless” or “gloomy.” // We drove for hours along a desolate stretch of road until finally a lone gas station appeared in the middle of nowhere. See the entry > Examples: “... the great novelists were my guide, and none more so than my grandfather. I learnt from him complexity of motivation, a willingness to take risks with storytelling, and the vital importance of landscape. Like Thomas Hardy, my grandfather was able to make his readers see what he wrote, whether it be the beauty of Rivendell or the desolate landscapes of Mordor.” — Simon Tolkien, LitHub.com, 29 May 2025 Did you know? The word desolate hasn't strayed far from its Latin roots: its earliest meaning of “deserted” mirrors that of its Latin source dēsōlātus, which comes from the verb dēsōlāre, meaning “to leave all alone; forsake; empty of inhabitants.” That word's root is sōlus, meaning “lone; acting without a partner; lonely; deserted,” source too of the “lonely” words sole, soliloquy, solitary, solitude, and solo. Desolate also functions as a verb (its last syllable rhymes with wait rather than what) with its most common meanings being “to lay waste” and “to make wretched; to make someone deeply dejected or distressed.”

Do you overthink every word before speaking English? Does anxiety freeze you in conversations? In this transformative episode, we break down a comprehensive 30-day program designed to reset your English speaking confidence from the ground up.What You'll Learn:Week 1 - Cognitive Restructuring: Discover how to identify and challenge the negative thought patterns that fuel your speaking anxiety. Learn five daily practices including thought record journaling, evidence collection, and pre-performance reframing that will help you shift from a fixed mindset to a growth mindset.Week 2 - Exposure Hierarchy Execution: Master the art of gradual confrontation by creating your personalized fear hierarchy. Learn how to systematically face English-speaking situations from easiest to hardest, building psychological endurance and proving your catastrophic predictions wrong through structured exposure.Week 3 - Fluency Building Through Quantity: Shift your focus from perfection to volume. Discover why speaking 60+ minutes of English daily builds neural automation and natural fluency faster than careful, perfectionist practice. Get five high-volume speaking strategies including solo sessions, conversation marathons, and voice message practice.Week 4 - Social Confidence Integration: Take everything you've learned into real social contexts. Learn how to initiate conversations with strangers, participate in group settings, build English-speaking friendships, and create your new identity as a confident English speaker.Key Takeaways:Why mistakes are data, not disastersHow to build tolerance to speaking discomfortThe power of quantity practice over quality obsessionWhy real social interaction creates authentic, lasting confidenceHow to track and celebrate your transformation journeyPerfect For: English learners who struggle with speaking anxiety, overthinking, perfectionism, or fear of making mistakes in conversations. If you understand English well but freeze when speaking, this episode provides your roadmap to natural, confident communication.If you want to sign up for the free English email newsletter, go to https://speakenglishwithtiffani.com/newsletter

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for November 22, 2025 is: metonymy • muh-TAH-nuh-mee • noun Metonymy refers to a figure of speech in which a word that is associated with something is used to refer to the thing itself, as when crown is used to mean “king” or “queen.” // Wall Street, Silicon Valley, and Hollywood are common examples of metonymy. See the entry > Examples: “The stick used to command the crowd is called a ‘brigadier.' A brigadier is usually used to describe one who commands a military brigade, yes, but does not a stage manager lead his theater brigade? That's the idea, according to organizers. It was a term used so often to refer to a stick-wielding stage manager that, through the magic of metonymy, the stick itself is now referred to as a brigadier.” — Emma Bowman, NPR, 6 Aug. 2024 Did you know? When Mark Antony asks the people of Rome to lend him their ears in Shakespeare's play Julius Caesar he is asking them to listen to him, not to literally allow him to borrow their ears. It's a classic example of the rhetorical device known as metonymy, which comes to English (via Latin) from the Greek word of the same meaning, metōnymia: the use of a word that is associated with something to refer to the thing itself. Metonymy often appears in news articles and headlines, as when journalists use the term crown to refer to a king or queen. Another common example is the use of an author's name to refer to works written by that person, as in “They are studying Austen.” Metonymy is closely related to synecdoche, which is a figure of speech in which the word for a part of something is used to refer to the thing itself (as in “need some extra hands for the project”), or less commonly, the word for a thing itself is used to refer to part of that thing (as when society denotes “high society”).

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for November 21, 2025 is: bloviate • BLOH-vee-ayt • verb To bloviate is to speak or write in an arrogant tone and with more words than are necessary. // The podcaster tends to bloviate endlessly on topics about which he is not particularly knowledgeable. See the entry > Examples: "While other characters bloviate about their lives, Barbara is a much more internal character, her quietness making her seem all the more an outsider in her hometown." — Kristy Puchko, Mashable.com, 13 June 2025 Did you know? Warren G. Harding is often linked to the word bloviate, but to him the word wasn't insulting; it simply meant "to spend time idly." Harding used the word often in that "hanging around" sense, but during his tenure as the 29th U.S. President (1921-23), he became associated with the "verbose" sense of bloviate, as his speeches tended to be on the long-winded side. Although he is sometimes credited with having coined the word, it's more likely that Harding picked it up from local slang while hanging around with his boyhood buddies in Ohio in the late 1800s. The term likely comes from a combination of the word blow plus the suffix -ate.

Welcome back to the A–Z of TEFL, where this week Gav and Em tumble head-first into the wonderfully vibrant world of V! Expect variety, velvet vests, victorious vocabulary moments, and a VERY enthusiastic debate about voiced fricatives. There are visual coincidences, laughing puppies, identical cars, and a surprisingly deep chat about finding your authentic teacher voice. Grab a cuppa to support the show at ko-fi.com/howtoenglishpodGrammar Drops: https://www.youtube.com/@GrammarDropsWhizbusters: https://whizbusters.teachable.com/Game music: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=951ZpDOP9VY&list=PL170TfEhZz-_GstI3bsghBfuD-u8nlHHD&index=13Timestamps00:00 – Intro01:04 – Variety, spice, and T-shirts04:58 – Shout-outs!05:46 – Voiced letters & the /v/ vs /w/ showdown13:06 – Visual coincidences picture task22:54 – Finding your teacher voice29:02 – Big & small teaching victories31:07 – Vocabulary vs Lexis35:14 – Body-action vocabulary game39:48 – Vitality as a teacher43:49 – Gav's tips and more Vs43:13 – Em's tip45:15 – Outro & next week's teaser

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for November 20, 2025 is: gauche • GOHSH • adjective Gauche describes someone or something having or showing a lack of awareness about the proper way to behave. When describing a person or a behavior, gauche can mean “socially awkward” or “tactless”; when describing an object (such as a product with a vulgar image or slogan on it) it can mean “crudely made or done.” // Some people view giving cash in lieu of a wrapped present to be terribly gauche, but I like knowing that my friends and family will be able to pick out something they truly want. See the entry > Examples: “Ignorance of classical music, for many people, is no longer something to be ashamed of, as it was sixty or seventy years ago. If you are indifferent to it, no one will notice; if you hate it, you may even be praised for your lack of snobbery. Almost no one will be so gauche as to tell you that you are missing out on something that could change your life.” — David Denby, The New Yorker, 20 July 2025 Did you know? Although it doesn't mean anything sinister, gauche is one of several words (including sinister) with ties to old suspicions and negative associations relating to the left side and use of the left hand. In French, gauche literally means “left,” and it has the extended meanings “awkward” and “clumsy.” These meanings may have come about because left-handed people could appear awkward trying to manage in a mostly right-handed world, or perhaps because right-handed people appear awkward when trying to use their left hand. Regardless, awkwardness is a likely culprit. Fittingly, awkward itself comes from the Middle English awke, meaning “turned the wrong way” or “left-handed.” On the other hand, adroit and dexterity have their roots in words meaning “right” or “on the right side.”

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Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for November 19, 2025 is: serendipity • sair-un-DIP-uh-tee • noun Serendipity refers to luck that takes the form of finding valuable or pleasant things that are not looked for, or to an instance of such luck. // They found each other by pure serendipity. See the entry > Examples: “For new music, I rely on ... radio shows like ‘Late Junction,' straight-up luck and serendipity, and my wife, who has impeccable taste.” — Liam Brickhill, LitHub.com, 5 Dec. 2024 Did you know? The word serendipity did not come about by luck; rather, it was intentionally coined by 18th century author Horace Walpole, who was eager to share a happenstance discovery he had made while researching a coat of arms. In a letter to his friend Horace Mann he wrote: “This discovery indeed is almost of that kind which I call Serendipity, a very expressive word, which ... I shall endeavor to explain to you: you will understand it better by the derivation than by the definition. I once read a silly fairy tale, called ‘The Three Princes of Serendip': as their highnesses travelled, they were always making discoveries, by accidents and sagacity, of things they were not in quest of ...” Walpole's memory of the tale (which, as luck would have it, was not quite accurate) gave serendipity the meaning it retains to this day.

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for November 18, 2025 is: eccentric • ik-SEN-trik • adjective Eccentric usually describes people and things that deviate from conventional or accepted usage or behavior, especially in odd or whimsical ways. It is also used technically to mean "deviating from a circular path" and "located elsewhere than at the geometric center." // He's an endearingly eccentric scientist whose methods are quite inventive. // The dwarf planet Pluto has an eccentric orbit. See the entry > Examples: "The film [Annie Hall] is considered one of the great romantic comedies of all time, with [Diane] Keaton's eccentric, self-deprecating Annie at its heart." — Eva Roytburg, Fortune, 11 Oct. 2025 Did you know? Eccentric was originally a technical term at home in the fields of geometry and astronomy. It comes from the Medieval Latin adjective ecentricus, meaning "not having the earth at its center," and ultimately has its root in a Greek noun, kéntron, whose various meanings include "stationary point of a pair of compasses" and "midpoint of a circle or sphere." But its figurative use is long-established too: as far back as the 17th century the word has been used to describe people and things that deviate from what is conventional, usual, or accepted.

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for November 17, 2025 is: crucible • KROO-suh-bul • noun A crucible, in the word's literal use, is a pot in which metals or other substances are heated to a very high temperature or melted. But crucible is more often encountered in figurative use referring to a difficult test or challenge, or to a place or situation that forces people to change or make difficult decisions. // The bronze was heated to 2,100 degrees in the crucible and then poured into molds designed by the artist. // Her latest novel follows two best friends in a fantastical, battle-ravaged kingdom who emerge from the crucible of war with opposing views and values on what should come next. See the entry > Examples: “... the original film follows four married couples—close friends who reunite once a year for a weeklong vacation together. On the surface, the retreat is meant to help them relax and reconnect, but it quickly becomes a crucible for examining the cracks in their relationships.” — Matt Grobar, Deadline, 1 Oct. 2025 Did you know? Unless you're studying Arthur Miller's The Crucible in school, it may not be crucial to learn the story behind crucible, but it can't hurt! Crucible looks like it should be closely related to the Latin combining form cruc- (“cross”); however, unlike crucial, it isn't. It was forged instead from the Medieval Latin crucibulum, a noun for an earthen pot used to melt metals, and in English it first referred to a vessel made of a very heat-resistant material (such as porcelain) used for melting a substance that requires a high degree of heat. It's possible that the resemblance between cruc- and crucible encouraged people to start using crucible to mean “a severe trial,” as that sense is synonymous with one meaning of cross, but the idea of simmering in a literal crucible also sounds plenty severe. The newest sense of crucible (“a situation in which great changes take place,” as in “forged in the crucible of war”) recalls the fire and heat required to transform some solids into liquids.

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for November 16, 2025 is: writhe • RYTHE • verb To writhe is to twist one's body from side to side. The word is often used when the body or a bodily part is twisting in pain. // The injured player lay on the football field, writhing in pain. // At the instruction of their teacher, the children rolled the fallen log aside to reveal worms and other small critters writhing in the soft earth. See the entry > Examples: “The creatures named after writers are mostly bugs, which makes sense. There are a lot of those little guys writhing around, and I imagine most of them escaped our attention for long enough that science had to start reaching for new names. And a lot of them are wasps: Dante has two wasps named after him; Marx has two, Didion has one, Dickens has two, Zola has two, Thoreau has seven, and Shakespeare has three wasps and a bacterium. Nabokov has a lot of butterflies, naturally.” — James Folta, LitHub.com, 25 Aug. 2025 Did you know? Writhe wound its way to us from the Old English verb wrīthan, meaning “to twist,” and that ancestral meaning lives on in the word's current uses, most of which have to do with twists of one kind or another. Among the oldest of these uses is the meaning “to twist into coils or folds,” but in modern use writhing is more often about the physical contortions of one suffering from debilitating pain or attempting to remove oneself from a tight grasp (as, say, a snake from a hawk's talons). The word is also not infrequently applied to the twisting bodies of dancers. The closest relation of writhe in modern English lacks any of the painful connotations often present in writhe: wreath comes from Old English writha, which shares an ancestor with wrīthan.

Learn English for project managers in this lesson on dealing with conflicts with subcontractors. >>> The post BEP 419 – English for Projects: Managing Conflict with Contractors 2 first appeared on Business English Pod :: Learn Business English Online.

In this eye-opening episode, we debunk one of the biggest myths in language learning: that simply moving to an English-speaking country will automatically make you fluent. Many people believe immersion is a magic solution, but the reality is far more complex.We explore why passive immersion often fails and reveal the four critical steps that transform ineffective exposure into powerful language acquisition:Active Engagement Protocol: Learn how to convert passive exposure into deliberate practice through daily challenges, forced output situations, and contextual learning missions that make every interaction count.Strategic Interaction Design: Discover how to engineer learning situations at the optimal difficulty level—staying in the productive "learning zone" where growth happens fastest through progressive skill-building and real-world missions.Feedback Loop Creation: Understand why most immersion fails due to lack of corrections, and learn five powerful methods to get the feedback you need to prevent fossilization and accelerate your progress.Intentional Comprehensible Input: Master the art of curating English content at the perfect difficulty level (the 80/20 rule) that matches your goals and interests for maximum learning efficiency.Whether you're planning to move abroad, already living in an English-speaking country, or just want to maximize your English learning effectiveness, this episode provides actionable strategies to avoid the immersion trap and achieve real fluency.Key Takeaway: Immersion alone doesn't create fluency—strategic, active engagement with feedback and intentional input does. Transform your environment from background noise into a powerful learning laboratory.If you want to sign up for the free English email newsletter, go to https://speakenglishwithtiffani.com/newsletter

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for November 15, 2025 is: radial • RAY-dee-ul • adjective Radial describes things that are arranged or have parts arranged in straight lines coming out from the center of a circle. // Her mosaics echo radial patterns observed in nature, from succulents to sea urchins. See the entry > Examples: "Inspired by flowers that grow organically, the project transforms organic patterns into space arrangements, embodying the idea of blooming. The design distills the essence of a flower's radial symmetry into a geometric language, creating a rhythmic play of radial patterns and sunburst lines." — Architecture Update (India), 19 Feb. 2025 Did you know? Picture the sun shining brightly on a cloudless day. Its rays stretch in every direction along radiant radii so far-reaching they radiate daylight. It's pretty rad, and it's a cinch to describe in English thanks to the expansive influence of the Latin noun radius, meaning "ray." As you might have guessed, radius is an ancestor of the English words ray, radiant, radiate, and of course radius. It's also the sunny source of radial, which joined our language in the 1500s as an adjective meaning "arranged or having parts arranged like rays." Radial has bourgeoned in meaning over the centuries, adopting unique applications across many fields including medicine, engineering, and astronomy.

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for November 14, 2025 is: heyday • HAY-day • noun Heyday refers to the period of one's greatest popularity, vigor, or prosperity. It is usually used in the singular. // In its heyday, the circus was a major form of entertainment for the small town. See the entry > Examples: "In its heyday, there were more than 200 Chi-Chi's nationwide; the last restaurant closed in 2004." — Nicole Hvidsten, The Minnesota Star Tribune, 1 Oct. 2025 Did you know? The day in heyday originally had nothing to do with the kind of day that's made up of 24 hours. Heyday was first used in the first half of the 16th century as an extended form of the interjection hey, used since the 13th century to express elation or wonder, as it still often is in phrases like "hey, look at that!" The day part was most likely just an extra syllable tagged on for effect. By the end of the 16th century heyday had developed noun use with the meaning "high spirits," as when Shakespeare's Hamlet tells his mother, "You cannot call it love; for at your age / The heyday in the blood is tame …” It wasn't until the 18th century that the day syllable's resemblance to the word day likely influenced the development of the now-familiar use referring to the period when one's achievement or popularity has reached its zenith.

Talking About Climate Change with Confidence: A Conversation with Dr. Alice Alpert Climate change is a topic that affects every one of us, yet it can feel confusing, overwhelming, or even polarizing. That's why I was excited to welcome Dr. Alice Alpert, Senior Scientist at the Environmental Defense Fund, to the Go Natural English podcast. Dr. Alpert studies emerging climate technologies, evaluates their real-world impact, and works with teams focused on methane, climate policy, and international sustainability partnerships. In our conversation, we explored misconceptions, sources of hope, daily sustainability habits, and clear English vocabulary related to the climate conversation. What Does a Climate Scientist Do? Dr. Alpert evaluates new climate solutions, from clean energy to carbon-removal technologies to sustainable farming. Her work starts with two key questions: Does this solution meaningfully help reduce climate impact? What are the trade-offs or challenges that come with it? Her job is not just to imagine solutions but to determine what actually works. The Biggest Misunderstanding About Climate Change Dr. Alpert explained that a major misconception is the idea that climate action is "all or nothing." People often believe: "It's too late to do anything," or "It's someone else's responsibility." Both mindsets lead to inaction. "You don't have to be perfect," she said. "Every step forward helps. The idea of 'everything or nothing' isn't useful." How She Stays Hopeful Climate news can feel heavy, so I asked what keeps her motivated. Her answer was simple: the future. "I have three kids. That's three votes for the future. We are moving in the right direction, and I think we'll get most of the way there." Her optimism is practical and rooted in evidence. Many climate solutions are already working and becoming more affordable. Misconceptions About Sustainability, Especially in Texas One surprising part of our conversation was about renewable energy in Texas. Many people assume Texas is not sustainable, but the opposite is true. Texas produces more clean energy than any other U.S. state, and by a huge margin. Wind, solar, and battery storage are growing rapidly. Much of this growth is driven by economics, not ideology. "It's the cheapest energy," she said. "People are making money from it." Another misconception is that sustainability is always more expensive. In reality, the cheapest new energy to build today is solar. Short-Term Costs vs. Long-Term Benefits Many sustainable choices cost more upfront but save money over time: installing solar panels, buying an electric vehicle, or purchasing high-quality items that last longer. I shared the example of clothing I've kept for more than a decade. A well-made sweater ended up costing less over time than several cheaper ones. Dr. Alpert agreed. "The upfront investment is real. But long-term thinking matters." Everyday Sustainability: What Works for You Dr. Alpert emphasized that sustainability should be personal and realistic. A few examples we discussed: Thrifting and Secondhand Shopping Buying used items reduces waste and builds community. Reusing Items for Children Circulating children's items among families increases their lifespan and reduces unnecessary purchases. Flexible Eating Habits She chooses what feels natural. She doesn't eliminate any foods, but she eats less beef because she doesn't enjoy it much and knows it has a higher climate impact. Her philosophy is simple: do what works for your lifestyle, not someone else's. Cultural Differences in Sustainability Many listeners of Go Natural English live in the United States but grew up abroad. If that describes you, you may have noticed differences in: recycling habits how food is packaged energy use transportation diet choices We would love to hear about your experiences and what surprised you when comparing sustainability practices around the world. Key English Vocabulary for Talking About Climate Change Because much climate information is published in English, we reviewed several useful terms. Carbon footprint The amount of greenhouse gases created by an activity. Carbon neutral No net increase in emissions; emissions are balanced by removals. Renewable or clean energy Energy sources that do not rely on fossil fuels. Examples include wind, solar, hydro, geothermal, and sometimes nuclear. Fossil fuels Coal, oil, and natural gas. Dr. Alpert jokingly compared them to "burning dinosaurs." Move the needle To make a meaningful impact or measurable improvement. In the same boat Facing the same challenge or depending on the same shared resource. Individual Actions and Leadership Actions While individual choices matter, Dr. Alpert pointed out something important: You cannot expect one person to "save the world." Leadership and policy matter too. So how do we hold leaders accountable? Voting, especially at the local level Joining conservation-minded organizations Speaking up through social media or letters Staying informed on local policies Supporting leaders who prioritize clean energy and sustainability These steps make a meaningful difference. Where to Learn More Dr. Alpert recommends two easy places to start: The book "Not the End of the World" by Hannah Ritchie

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for November 13, 2025 is: peremptory • puh-REMP-tuh-ree • adjective Peremptory is a formal word used especially in legal contexts to describe an order, command, etc., that requires immediate compliance with no opportunity to show why one should not comply. It is also used disapprovingly to describe someone with an arrogant attitude, or something indicative of such an attitude. // The soldiers were given a peremptory order to abandon the mission. // The company's president tends to adopt a peremptory manner especially at the negotiating table. See the entry > Examples: “Cook had changed. He seemed restless and preoccupied. There was a peremptory tone, a raw edge in some of his dealings. Perhaps he had started to believe his own celebrity. Or perhaps, showing his age and the long toll of so many rough miles at sea, he had become less tolerant of the hardships and drudgeries of transoceanic sailing.” — Hampton Sides, The Wide Wide Sea: Imperial Ambition, First Contact and the Fateful Final Voyage of Captain James Cook, 2024 Did you know? Peremptory comes from the Latin verb perimere, meaning “to take entirely” or “to destroy,” which in turn combines the prefix per- (“throughout” or “thoroughly”) and the verb emere (“to take”). Peremptory implies the removal of one's option to disagree or contest something, and sometimes suggests an abrupt dictatorial manner combined with an unwillingness to tolerate disobedience or dissent, as in “employees given a peremptory dismissal.” Not to sound peremptory ourselves, but don't confuse peremptory with the similar-sounding (and related) adjective preemptive, meaning “marked by the seizing of the initiative,” as in “a preemptive attack.”

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for November 12, 2025 is: abide • uh-BYDE • verb If someone cannot abide someone or something bad, unpleasant, etc., they cannot tolerate or accept that person or thing. Abide can also mean "to accept without objection" and "to remain or continue." // I just can't abide such blatant dishonesty. // Residents agree to abide by the dorm's rules. See the entry > Examples: "If a legal party ... doesn't like a district court ruling, it is free to challenge the decision to a federal appellate court and then the Supreme Court. But while the appeal plays out, the legal party must abide by the ruling." — Will Rogers, The Baltimore Sun, 22 July 2025 Did you know? Abide has abided in the English language since before the 12th century, picking up along the way several meanings and inflections that are now rare or no longer in use. For instance, one of abide's former meanings was "to stop" and its former past participle was abidden (whereas we now use abided or abode). Today, abide often turns up in the phrase "can't abide" to say that someone cannot tolerate or accept something. The expression abide by, which means "to accept and be guided by (something)," is also common. Related terms include abiding, meaning "continuing for a long time" or "not changing" (as in "an abiding friendship"), abidance ("continuance" or "the act or process of doing what you have been asked or ordered to do"), and abode ("the place where someone lives").

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for November 11, 2025 is: doughty • DOW-tee • adjective Doughty is a word with an old-fashioned flair used to describe someone who is brave, strong, and determined. // The monument celebrates the doughty townspeople who fended off invaders centuries ago. See the entry > Examples: “The film chooses to render our doughty heroes' super-costumes as cerulean-blue rollneck sweaters, which is a puzzling choice both aesthetically and practically: knitwear seems literally ill-fitted to derring-do.” — Glen Weldon, NPR, 25 July 2025 Did you know? There's no doubt that doughty has persevered in the English language—it's traceable all the way back to the Old English word dohtig—but how to pronounce it? One might assume that doughty should be pronounced DAW-tee, paralleling similarly spelled words like bought and sought, or perhaps with a long o, as in dough. But the vowel sound in doughty is the same as in doubt, and in fact, over the centuries, doughty's spelling was sometimes confused with that of the now obsolete word doubty (“full of doubt”), which could be the reason we have the pronunciation we use today. The homophonous dowdy (“having a dull or uninteresting appearance”) can also be a source of confusion; an easy way to remember the difference is that you can't spell doughty without the letters in tough (“physically and emotionally strong”).

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for November 10, 2025 is: temerity • tuh-MAIR-uh-tee • noun Temerity is the quality of being confident and unafraid of danger or punishment, especially in a way that seems rude or foolish. Temerity may also refer to a rash or reckless act. // She had the temerity to ask me for another loan when she had yet to begin repaying the first one. // The students somehow convinced the principal that a prank of such temerity warranted only three days' detention. See the entry > Examples: "Once upon a time, music critics were known for being crankier than the average listener. [Taylor] Swift once castigated a writer who'd had the temerity to castigate her, singing, 'Why you gotta be so mean?'" — Kelefa Sanneh, The New Yorker, 25 Aug. 2025 Did you know? When you're feeling saucy, there's no shortage of words in the English language you can use to describe the particular flavor of your metaphorical sauce, from audacity and effrontery to the Yiddish-derived fan favorite chutzpah. If we may be so bold, let us also suggest temerity: it comes from the Latin temere, meaning "recklessly" or "haphazardly," and is good for suggesting boldness even in the face of danger or likely punishment. Temerity is a formal word, rarely used in casual writing or conversation, but provided you have the cheek to flout this convention, you may be thinking "what have I got to lose?"