Podcasts about Malaria

Send us Fan MailAaron sits down with Dr. Bill Steiger to talk about a problem most Americans assume belongs somewhere else: Malaria...Except it doesn't.Dr. Steiger explains why global health is directly connected to American national security, military readiness, economic stability, and early warning for infectious disease. Stopping an outbreak overseas is a whole lot easier than dealing with it after it reaches American shores.And malaria is not some ancient problem we already defeated everywhere.The parasite evolves.Mosquitoes evolve.Drugs lose effectiveness.Insecticides lose effectiveness.And even the diagnostic tools used to detect malaria are being challenged.The good news? This is solvable.Dr. Steiger walks Aaron through an explosion of private-sector innovation: new medications, improved mosquito-control tools, longer-lasting repellents, new diagnostic methods, vaccines, malaria-free mosquito technologies, and artificial intelligence that could connect disease, weather, supply-chain, and healthcare data in real time.They also get into why private pharmacies overseas may detect outbreaks before governments do, why the U.S. military is paying attention to new mosquito-control technology, and how countries can move from American assistance toward genuine self-reliance.The goal is not permanent dependency.Build the capability.Transfer responsibility.Get to zero.Malaria once existed inside the United States. It has been eliminated here before, and Dr. Steiger argues that the same thing can happen elsewhere.What if this generation actually ends it?Links:OnesReady.comOperatorTrainingSummit.comMalariaNoMore.orgChapters:00:54 - Who Is Dr. Bill Steiger?02:58 - Why Should Americans Care About Global Health?05:27 - How Does Disease Become a National-Security Problem?07:01 - Why Does the Private Sector Matter So Much?10:50 - How Big Is the Malaria Problem?12:49 - Could Malaria Come Back to America?14:33 - Are We Creating “Super Malaria”?16:31 - What Is Private Industry Doing About It?18:53 - Mutant Mosquitoes?19:48 - Can Malaria Actually Be Eradicated?20:53 - When Should Countries Take Over Their Own Fight?23:33 - What Innovation Matters Most Over the Next Five Years?25:55 - Why Aaron Moved to the Desert26:51 - What Do Americans Get Wrong About Malaria?27:54 - How Can People Learn More?Support the showJoin this channel to get access to perks: HEREBuzzsprout Subscription page:  HERERegister for our Operator Training Summit:  OperatorTrainingSummit.comFind an Air Force Recruiter: AirForce.comCollabs:Ones Ready - OnesReady.com 18A Fitness - Promo Code:  ONESREADY ATACLete - Follow the URL (no promo code):  ATACLeteDanger Close Apparel - Promo Code:  ONESREADYDFND Apparel...

Malaria affects an estimated 300-600 million people a year around the world with around 2000 cases of malaria brought back to the US each year. This session will focus on the current treatment and symptom control of malaria around the world and in the US. Current research on prevention and vaccine development will also be discussed.

This month we were delighted to be joined for the second time by Avi (Dr KBH), who is a researcher in medical anthropology at the University of Helsinki. He is currently PI of the project “After Malaria” which investigates Cyprus and Finland and their successful malaria cessation stories. Avi gives us insight into this project and into the documentaries that are being made about each of the case locations. In addition to discussion of these works, Avi gave us a heads up about an event that will be held in Helsinki on November 13 and 14. If you are interested in public health and what a world after malaria looks like, then check out the WAM! Event (link below).Check out the WAM event details: https://www.lyyti.fi/reg/WAM_2026Check out the After Malaria project website: www.aftermalaria.org 

Unsere Themen der Woche 00:33 Auf den Spuren der Tigermücke, Echo Wissen +++ Die invasive Tigermücke hat inzwischen fast die ganze Schweiz erreicht. Um ihre Ausbreitung und die Gefahr neuer Krankheiten besser zu verstehen, züchten Forschende Tausende der Insekten in einem Biosicherheitslabor. Ein Besuch an einem Ort, den sonst kaum jemand betreten darf. Echo Wissen. (Barbara Reye) 07:22 Malaria ohne Fernreise, Echo Wissen +++ Mehrere Malaria-Fälle nahe des Frankfurter Flughafens sorgen für Aufsehen. Auch in der Schweiz gab es bereits Flughafen-Malaria, zuletzt 1989 in Genf. Wie gross ist das Risiko heute? (Barbara Reye) 10:12 Demenz +++ Von den rund 160'000 Menschen in der Schweiz mit Demenz sind 2/3 Frauen. Was die Forschung heute darüber weiss, warum Frauen mehr betroffen sind und warum die Gesunheit unsers Gehirns nicht erst im Alter geprägt wird. (Felicitas Erzinger) 14:50 Hitzetote 2026 +++ Hitze belastet uns alle. Der Kreislauf, der Schlaf, die Konzentration – das merken die meisten irgendwie. Doch bei manchen Menschen geht diese Belastung weiter, bis hin zum Tod. Wie oft das diesen Sommer der Fall war, zeigen die wöchentlichen Zahlen des Bundesamts für Statistik. Wie lautet die Bilanz nach diesem Hitzesommer? (Gina Buhl) 19:31 Neue Katzenart +++ Der Tilcayo, eine kleine Katze, die weniger als die Hälfte einer durchschnittlichen Hauskatze wiegt, ist in den Bergwäldern von Bolivien als neue Art entdeckt worden. Es ist die erste Entdeckung einer neuen lebenden Katzenart seit mehr als einem Jahrhundert. (Christian von Burg)

Man Gets Pepper Sprayed For Using Phone During Movie | 9.23.26 Episode 2042 Brought to you by our incredible sponsor: Ultra - Ultra is the ultimate guilt-free pouch, delivering instant focus and mental clarity, without nicotine or caffeine. New customers can use code HARDFACTOR to get 15% off at takeultra.com. After you purchase, they will ask you where you heard about them. PLEASE support our show and tell them our show sent you. 00:00:00 Timestamps 00:04:25 Man gets pepper sprayed inside movie theater for using cell phone 00:19:05 R.C. Horsch was a real bastard 00:29:10 Malaria-ridden mosquito kills three on airplane bound for Germany 00:32:40 Lookmaxxer, Clavicular, charged with rape For more head over to patreon.com/hardfactor for weekly bonus episodes and most importantly HAGFD! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Der Bund will sich bei der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit aus Tansania zurückziehen. Da sind aber viele Basler Hilfswerkaktiv, auch in der für die Basler Pharma finanziell interessanten Bekämpfung von Malaria. Ausserdem: · Waldenburg bezahlt Bussen zurück · Einbrüche in Kindergärten

This month on Around the World, host Dylan Forbes sat down with Tim Whitsitt and Dan and Bryna Perlman of the Carbondale Rotary Club. They talked about the club's Bikes for Bikes event and the rotary's efforts to eradicate malaria worldwide.

Third person dies of malaria from a mosquito on a plane to Germany. Mother arrested for giving her baby away to a stranger at a Texas bus stop. Man arrested for pepper spraying a moviegoer for cellphone usage in Burbank, CA. Weird AF News is the only daily weird news podcast in the world. Weird news 5 days/week and on Friday it's only Floridaman. SUPPORT by joining the Weird AF News Patreon http://patreon.com/weirdafnews - OR buy Jonesy a coffee at http://buymeacoffee.com/funnyjones Buy MERCH: https://weirdafnews.merchmake.com/ - Check out the official website https://WeirdAFnews.com and FOLLOW host Jonesy at http://instagram.com/funnyjones - wants Jonesy to come perform standup comedy in your city? Fill out the form: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfvYbm8Wgz3Oc2KSDg0-C6EtSlx369bvi7xdUpx_7UNGA_fIw/viewform Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See https://pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

The National Health Department has warned of the rapid increase in MPOX cases, with 18 confirmed cases and one probable case recorded across South Africa. The department says the Western Cape has recorded the highest number of cases, while three have been reported in Gauteng and one in KwaZulu-Natal. Health officials say people who have been in close contact with an infected person are urged to monitor for symptoms for up to 21 days and seek medical attention if they become ill. Ednah Baloyi - Director for Malaria and Vector-Borne Diseases at the National Health Department elaborates...

Wolfgang und Stefan treffen euch in Frankfurt

Tonight on GeekNights, we consider the topic of convention drama. It takes many forms. Attendee vs Attendee. Attendee vs Convention. Convention vs Convention. Convention vs Nature. Convention vs Itself. In the news, Malaria is at Frankfurt Airport, never ever pull the emergency brake on a train, the new Resident Evil movie might be good, and the Transformers movie is in theaters again.Related LinksForum ThreadCon DramaDiscord ChatCon DramaBluesky PostCon DramaThings of the DayRym - Camera Shutters are Extremely FastScott - 'King of the Hill' Trailer Race

In Frankfurt sorgen seltene Malariafälle für Beunruhigung. Tropenmediziner Benno Kreuels erklärt im Interview, wie Mücken eingeschleppt werden, warum späte Diagnosen so gefährlich sind und wie der Klimawandel das Risiko erhöht. Pyritz, Lennart www.deutschlandfunk.de, Forschung aktuell

Im Raum des Frankfurter Flughafens häufen sich die Malaria-Fälle. Drei Menschen sind an der Krankheit gestorben.

Pyritz, Lennart www.deutschlandfunk.de, Forschung aktuell

UNO-Kommission stuft zwei US-Luftangriffe in der frühen Phase des Iran-Kriegs als Kriegsverbrechen ein/ Der kanadische Premierminister Mark Carney zeigt sich offen für die Idee einer Art EU-Sondermitgliedschaft/ Bundeskanzler Merz telefoniert mit US-Präsident Trump/ Die australische Regierung weist Vergleiche zwischen ihrem Plan, Migranten mit abgelaufenem Visum aufzugreifen, und dem harten Vorgehen von US-Präsident Donald Trump zurück/ nach zwei Infektionen mit Malaria nahe dem Flughafen von Frankfurt am Main, ist ein Patient an den Folgen gestorben.

Wahlen in zwei Bundesländern am Sonntag, Teures Tanken: Regierung für Entlastungen, Parlamentswahl: Abstimmung in Russland, Frankfurt: Menschen an Malaria gestorben, Das Wetter

In Frankfurt ist eine dritte Person an Malaria gestorben. Infiziert wohl durch eine per Flugzeug eingeschleppte Mücke. Wer in der Nähe des Frankfurter Flughafens wohnt und grippeähnliche Symptome hat, sollte einen Schnelltest machen lassen.**********In dieser Folge mit: **********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: TikTok und Instagram .

Nach den tödlichen Malaria-Fällen nahe dem Frankfurter Flughafen mahnt Tropenmediziner Frederik Frentzen zur Besonnheit. Die Fälle seien ernst zu nehmen. Für eine dauerhafte Ausbreitung brauche es aber mehrere Faktoren.

Wahlen in zwei Bundesländern am Sonntag, Teures Tanken: Regierung für Entlastungen, Parlamentswahl: Abstimmung in Russland, Frankfurt: Menschen an Malaria gestorben, Das Wetter

Unsere Themen der Woche 00:31 Ozon +++ Das Ozonloch ist eines der grossen Umweltprobleme der letzten Jahrzehnte – doch jetzt gibt es gute Neuigkeiten. Die Ozonschicht regeneriert sich offenbar nachhaltig. Und die WMO, die Wetterorganisation der UNO geht davon aus, dass sich die Ozonschicht in den nächsten Jahrzehnten vollständig erholt. (Irène Dietschi) 06:40 Wald +++ Die Schäden in den Wälder nach diesem Hitzesommer sind enorm. Insbesondere Buchen sind in grosser Zahl gestorben und auch die Fichten werden die Folgen der Trockenheit im nächsten Jahr spüren. Wie lässt sich der Wald weiter entwickeln mit hitzeresistenteren Arten - und ist eine wirtschaftlich attraktive Waldnutzung in Zukunft überhaupt noch möglich? (Christian von Burg) 11:12 Hilfsgelder +++ 2025 war das Jahr mit den stärksten Einschnitten in der Entwicklungshilfe, seit es sie gibt. Fast um 1/4 sind die Hilfsgelder gekürzt worden, nicht nur, aber vor allem durch die USA. Was hatte das für Auswirkungen? Jedes Jahr liefert der Jahresbericht des Global Fund gegen Aids, Tuberkulose und Malaria die Gelegenheit zu einer Bilanz dazu. (Katrin Zöfel) 15:51 Biodiversität, Echo Wissen +++ Viele Tier- und Pflanzenarten in der Schweiz sind verschwunden. Insbesondere im landwirtschaftlich genutzten Bereich, ist der Rückgang der Arten seit dem 2. Weltkrieg sehr gross. Wie kriegt man es also hin, dass seltene Tier- und Pflanzenarten wieder zurückkommen? Mit «Wilden Weiden» – so lautet ein neues Rezept im Schweizer Naturschutz. Das sind grossflächige Weidelandschaften auf denen nur sehr wenige Pferde und Rinder das ganze Jahr über grasen. Diverse solche Projekte in der Schweiz sind derzeit am Anlaufen. (Christian von Burg) 24:44 Anfang Monat hob eine Rakete auf der norwegischen Vesterålen Insel Andøya ab und transportierte Satelliten ins All. Dieser Start war besonders: Die Rakete war von einem privaten Startup Unternehmen zusammen mit der Europäischen Weltraumbehörde ESA entwickelt worden. Die erfolgreiche Weltraummission lässt Thomas Zurbuchen, den ehemaligen Forschungschef der NASA und heute Direktor von ETH Zürich Space, sogar von einer Schweizer Rakete träumen. (Ylva Mona Sauder)

Im Juli sind Mitarbeitende des Frankfurter Flughafens an Malaria erkrankt, zwei Menschen sind gestorben. Nun gibt es einen weiteren Verstorbenen im Umfeld. "Gefahr für die Bevölkerung ist aber überhaupt nicht anzunehmen", sagt Tropenmediziner Torsten Feldt. Von WDR5.

Andrew Scull is a historian of psychiatry. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep502-sc See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/andrew-scull-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback – give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA – submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring – join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other – other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Andrew’s Website (UCSD faculty page): https://sociology.ucsd.edu/people/faculty/emeritus/andrew-scull.html Desperate Remedies (book): https://amzn.to/4vmBquI Madness in Civilization (book): https://amzn.to/3SZhd0I SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Wispr Flow: AI-powered voice dictation app. Go to https://wisprflow.ai/lex Fin: AI agent for customer service. Go to https://fin.ai/lex LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix. Go to https://drinkLMNT.com/lex Shopify: Sell stuff online. Go to https://shopify.com/lex BetterHelp: Online therapy and counseling. Go to https://betterhelp.com/lex Perplexity: AI-powered answer engine. Go to https://perplexity.ai/ OUTLINE: (00:00) – Introduction (01:07) – Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections (08:10) – Crisis in Psychiatry (37:48) – Categories of Mental Illness (45:07) – Asylums, Eugenics, and the Nazis (57:13) – The Ice Pick Lobotomy (1:03:26) – Malaria “Cure” for Syphilis (1:21:42) – Insulin Coma Therapy (1:29:34) – Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) (1:49:03) – One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest (2:06:35) – Freud and Psychoanalysis (2:36:30) – WWII and Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) (2:57:04) – Antipsychotics (3:20:24) – Antidepressants (3:33:18) – Future of Psychiatry PODCAST LINKS: – Podcast Website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast – Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr – Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 – RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ – Podcast Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4 – Clips Channel: https://www.youtube.com/lexclips

Bundestrainer Jürgen Klopp gibt neuen Kader der Fußball-Nationalmannschaft bekannt, Kanadas Premier Carney begrüßt bei Rede vor EU-Parlament engere Beziehungen mit der EU, US-Kongress beschließt schärfere Sanktionen gegen Russland, US-Notenbank Fed erhöht Leitzins wegen anhaltend hoher Inflation, Bundesanwaltschaft lässt mutmaßlichen Islamisten in Brandenburg festnehmen, Wahlkampf um Abgeordnetenhaus in Berlin im Endspurt, Weiterer Todesfall durch Malaria bei Anwohner in Nähe des Frankfurter Flughafens, EU plant mit "KIDS Act" neue Altersgrenzen für soziale Medien, Das Wetter Hinweis: Der Beitrag zu DFB-Trainer Jürgen Klopp darf aus rechtlichen Gründen nicht auf tagesschau.de gezeigt werden.

Bundestrainer Jürgen Klopp gibt neuen Kader der Fußball-Nationalmannschaft bekannt, Kanadas Premier Carney begrüßt bei Rede vor EU-Parlament engere Beziehungen mit der EU, US-Kongress beschließt schärfere Sanktionen gegen Russland, US-Notenbank Fed erhöht Leitzins wegen anhaltend hoher Inflation, Bundesanwaltschaft lässt mutmaßlichen Islamisten in Brandenburg festnehmen, Wahlkampf um Abgeordnetenhaus in Berlin im Endspurt, Weiterer Todesfall durch Malaria bei Anwohner in Nähe des Frankfurter Flughafens, EU plant mit "KIDS Act" neue Altersgrenzen für soziale Medien, Das Wetter Hinweis: Der Beitrag zu DFB-Trainer Jürgen Klopp darf aus rechtlichen Gründen nicht auf tagesschau.de gezeigt werden.

This week, Aebhric O'Kelly is joined by Jason Jarvis, a former US Army Special Forces medic, tropical medicine educator, and researcher, for a practical discussion of malaria management in remote and resource-limited environments. Jason reviews the malaria parasite life cycle and explains why understanding the liver and blood stages is important when selecting treatment. The discussion covers current management with artemether–lumefantrine (Coartem) for uncomplicated malaria and IV artesunate for severe disease.Prevention remains essential. Jason discusses bed nets, repellents and chemoprophylaxis, including Malarone, doxycycline and mefloquine, along with the advantages and adverse effects of each.The centrepiece of the episode is cabamiquine–pyronaridine. Jason discusses the recent Phase 2a research and two particularly exciting possibilities: single-dose treatment and potential activity against multiple stages of the malaria parasite. If subsequent trials support these findings, this could significantly simplify malaria treatment, particularly in remote settings where adherence to multi-dose regimens can be difficult. Jason also emphasises that cabamiquine remains investigational and requires further clinical evaluation. The conversation also explores antimalarial resistance, G6PD considerations, R21 and RTS,S malaria vaccines, and the importance of antimicrobial stewardship.Finally, Jason brings the discussion back to the remote medic: prevent mosquito bites, ensure chemoprophylaxis is taken, carry appropriate contingency treatment and have a realistic diagnostic plan. The episode closes with a discussion of microscopy, malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), and clinical diagnosis when neither is available.00:00 – Jason Jarvis Returns: Tropical medicine and infectious-disease education.02:00 – What Is Malaria?: Understanding the parasite.04:30 – The Malaria Life Cycle: Mosquito, liver and blood stages.07:00 – Treating Malaria Today: Current antimalarial therapy.08:10 – Coartem or IV Artesunate?: Uncomplicated versus severe malaria.09:15 – Preventing Malaria: Bed nets, repellents and mosquito avoidance.10:00 – Chemoprophylaxis: Malarone, doxycycline and mefloquine.11:15 – The Remote Medic's Malaria Kit: Prevention and contingency treatment.13:30 – Mefloquine and the Nightmares: Benefits and neuropsychiatric effects.16:15 – Introducing Cabamiquine: A potential new antimalarial.17:30 – The Phase 2a Trial: Early clinical evidence.20:30 – Could One Dose Treat Malaria?: The potential for single-dose treatment.21:15 – The Resistance Problem: Protecting new antimalarials.22:15 – Why One Dose Matters: Potential benefits in remote settings.23:00 – Targeting Multiple Parasite Stages: Potential liver and blood-stage activity.24:00 – Cabamiquine and Primaquine: Implications for liver-stage treatment.25:30 – What About G6PD?: An important unanswered question.26:15 – The Future of Malaria Treatment: Could treatment become considerably simpler?27:10 – Malaria Vaccines: R21 and RTS,S.28:40 – Antimalarial Resistance: Lessons from Southeast Asia.30:00 – Advice for the Remote Medic: Practical preparation for malaria.32:30 – Diagnosing Malaria in the Field: Microscopy and diagnostic planning.34:15 – Choosing a Malaria RDT: HRP2 and pLDH testing.35:30 – No RDT, No Microscope: Clinical diagnosis and presumptive treatment.37:00 – Final Thoughts: Key lessons for austere clinicians.

A fine luglio sono stati annunciati i 58 finalisti degli Eureka Prizes 2026. Tra loro c'è anche la ricercatrice italiana Paola Favuzza, parte del team WEHI-MSD finalista per il suo lavoro nello sviluppo di una nuova classe di farmaci antimalarici.Seguici su Facebook e Instagram o abbonati ai nostri podcast cliccando qui. 

Stress und Nervensystem - (wie) können wir es regulieren? ; Was tun gegen Flughafen-Malaria? ; Handyverbot an Schulen - Studienlage zeigt Effekte ; Gletscher zeigen uns die Veränderung der Welt ; Flugabwehr für den Vogelschutz in Windparks ; Waldbrände bekämpfen: Was sich in Zukunft ändern muss ; Moderation: Marija Bakker. Von WDR 5.

Bongani Bingwa speaks to world news correspondent Adam Gilchrist about major global stories, including the Nepal disaster, malaria cases at Frankfurt Airport and the growing trend of Europeans escaping the heat with cooler holidays in Scotland. 702 Breakfast with Bongani Bingwa is broadcast on 702, a Johannesburg-based talk radio station. Bongani makes sense of the news, interviews the key newsmakers of the day, and holds those in power to account on your behalf. The team brings you all you need to know to start your day Thank you for listening. Listen live on Primedia+ weekdays from 6 am to 9 am (SA Time) https://buff.ly/gk3y0Kj For more from the show and catch-up podcasts, visit Primedia+ here https://buff.ly/zEcM35T Subscribe to the 702 Daily and Weekly Newsletters https://buff.ly/v5mfetc Let’s keep the conversation going online: 702 on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TalkRadio702 702 on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@talkradio702 702 on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/talkradio702/ 702 on X: https://x.com/Radio702 702 on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@radio702See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In global health, control means keeping a disease in check and accepting that some cases will remain. Zero is a different proposition altogether: it demands that every village, every community and every child is equally worth reaching. Only smallpox has ever been eradicated, and the diseases closest to that line are held back by conflict, funding pressure and fading public memory. So what does it take to lead an effort all the way to zero? How is commitment sustained across decades and changing governments? And what happens the day after certification, when the vector remains and imported cases still arrive?In this episode, host Garry Aslanyan explores these questions with two guests who bring deeply complementary perspectives. Dr Jamal Ahmed is WHO Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office Director for Polio Eradication and former Chair of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative's Strategy Committee, and has spent his career in polio eradication, from surveillance and laboratory systems to programme implementation. And joining him is Dr Stephen Vreden, Chair of the Committee for the Prevention of Re-establishment of Malaria in Suriname. The country was certified malaria-free by WHO in June 2025, the first country in the Amazon region to reach that milestone.Related episode documents, transcripts and other information can be found on our website.Subscribe to the Global Health Matters podcast newsletter.  Follow us for updates:@TDRnews on XTDR on LinkedIn@ghm_podcast on Instagram@ghm-podcast.bsky.social on Bluesky Disclaimer: The views, information, or opinions expressed during the Global Health Matters podcast series are solely those of the individuals involved and do not necessarily represent those of TDR or the World Health Organization.  All content © 2026 Global Health Matters.  

VEM: Mattias KlumYRKE: NaturfotografAVSNITT: 751OM: Kameran som pass till världen. National Geographic-regler. Bilderna man inte kan låta bli att ta. Kreativ klåda. Nigeria 1990. Klimatförändringarna han sett hända i realtid. Den svenska klimat-självbilden. Industriskog kontra urskog. Barnen han var borta från. Teknikointresset. Tacksamheten. Hur en gardin i en poddstudio plötsligt kan bli en öken. Malaria, dysenteri och andra sjukdomar han haft. Och en hel om blunthugget i huvudet från en kobra i Kamerun.SAMTALSLEDARE: Kristoffer TriumfPRODUCENT: Mattias ÅsénKONTAKT: varvet@triumf.se och Instagram.P.s Nu finns min nya bok Västerbottens sämsta schaman att beställa HÄR. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Last time we spoke about the reaction after the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. After four years of fighting Japan almost alone, China's Chiang Kai-shek learned of Pearl Harbor with profound relief. Japan's attack, meant to neutralize American naval power, instead galvanized the entire Western world against Tokyo. Within hours, Chiang declared war on the Axis powers, transforming China from an isolated nation to a recognized Allied member. The strategic mathematics were clear to Chiang: America's industrial might would ultimately crush Japan. China simply needed to survive long enough. The United States quickly formalized this partnership, pledging military support through Lend-Lease and elevating Chiang to leadership of Allied forces in the China theater. Yet Pearl Harbor brought catastrophe for Western civilians in China. Americans and Britons, previously protected as neutral foreigners, were suddenly rounded up and interned in camps. For many, decades of presence in China ended in hasty evacuation, leaving behind lives built over generations.   #216 The Battle of Hong Kong Part 1: The Approaching Storm Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. Japan emerged as a significant threat to British interests during the 1920s following the collapse of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance. This concern intensified dramatically after Japan's invasion of China, with the ensuing Sino-Japanese War escalating tensions further. British assets in the region came under direct assault, including attacks on Western military and commercial vessels such as HMS Ladybird. Yet despite these provocations, the British Government maintained an inconsistent stance toward Japan, responding with only feeble diplomatic and military countermeasures. This contradiction characterized London's approach: while diplomatic channels remained conciliatory, military planners viewed Japan with genuine apprehension. During the 1930s, Singapore and Malaya represented Britain's most valuable and prosperous holdings in the Far East and consequently received substantial garrison reinforcements. By contrast, Hong Kong was widely acknowledged to be indefensible—a conclusion reached repeatedly by successive military studies. Despite this consensus, the British Government proceeded with the Hong Kong Defence Scheme in 1936, which aimed to transform Hong Kong Island into a fortified redoubt while establishing delaying positions in Kowloon and the New Territories. The Hong Kong Garrison's mandate was straightforward: repel external attacks and prevent enemy use of the harbour and dry dock. The underlying strategy relied on a simple principle: hold Hong Kong Island as an impregnable fortress and await relief from the Royal Navy. Consequently, protecting the harbour became the paramount objective. Japanese strategists were correctly identified as Hong Kong's primary threat, with military planners anticipating attack from the sea rather than overland. To counter such an offensive, the defence scheme incorporated five successive layers of protection: naval mines fitted with indicator nets and anti-submarine booms formed the first barrier; coastal artillery provided the second; beach installations featuring pillboxes, wire entanglements and mines constituted the third; infantry strongpoints positioned on commanding heights guarded against amphibious landings; and finally, a mobile reserve force stood ready to counterattack and eliminate any successful enemy incursion. The 1936 plan also mandated extensive fortification of Kowloon's bottleneck approaches through bunkers, trenches and blocked passages, with a principal defensive line—resembling a miniature Maginot Line—constructed across the mountains immediately north of Kowloon. The garrison structure comprised three infantry battalions plus the Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps (HKVDC), a unit approximately regiment-strength equipped with armoured cars, engineers, artillery, anti-aircraft guns and infantry. These forces organized into three brigades: mainland, island, and garrison reserve. The air component was planned to be formidable: a reconnaissance squadron, a fighter-bomber squadron, two torpedo squadrons and a flight of auxiliary spotting aircraft operated by the HKVDC. Naval forces consisted of a modest destroyer contingent, an MTB flotilla, gunboats and patrol vessels. When Japan occupied Guangzhou, Hong Kong found itself effectively encircled. In response, limited conscription was implemented, though restricted to non-Chinese males for HKVDC service. Chinese personnel were largely confined to non-combat positions such as air-raid precautions and medical duties. The expanding Japanese threat prompted a substantial expansion of the Hong Kong Garrison to four regular infantry regiments—two British units (one specializing in medium machine-gun support) and two Indian regiments. Supporting forces included two coastal artillery regiments, a field artillery regiment-plus, and an anti-aircraft regiment. The Royal Navy expanded to include the 2nd MTB flotilla (eight 60-foot, 29-knot motor torpedo boats armed with twin torpedoes and eight Lewis guns each, plus two smaller 55-foot vessels), four shallow-draught river gunboats (HMS Cicala, Tern, Moth and Robin), four aging World War I S-class destroyers (HMS Thracian, Thanet, Scout and Tenedos—the last transferred to Singapore in 1939), HMS Cornflower sloop, and various auxiliary vessels including tugs, boom defence ships and minelayers. The Fleet Air Arm deployed three Supermarine Walruses—single-engine reconnaissance amphibians—at Kai Tak Airport. The Royal Air Force remained the weakest service, equipped with only four Vickers Wildebeest torpedo-bombers and a handful of HKVDC aircraft: one Avro Tutor, two Hornet Moths and two Cadet biplanes. When World War II erupted in Europe, Britain's focus necessarily shifted to national survival, inevitably leaving distant imperial outposts like Hong Kong neglected. Rather than receive reinforcements, Hong Kong actually lost capable personnel; many veteran troops were repatriated to Europe, leaving behind a less proficient garrison. Peacetime duties had proven a poor preparation for combat—officers and men had passed their time socializing rather than maintaining combat readiness. Governor Sir Geoffrey Northcote persistently urged London to adopt a firmer stance against relentless Japanese provocations: aircraft incursions, sinking of junks and fishing vessels, and infiltration by Taiwanese fifth columnists (Japan had colonized Taiwan in 1895). Recognizing the hopelessness of his position, Northcote recommended withdrawal in October 1940, arguing that defending the colony would inevitably result in mass civilian casualties and widespread destruction—a pragmatic assessment given Hong Kong's indefensible state. London categorically rejected this proposal, reasoning that withdrawal would demoralize China, embolden Japan and undermine American confidence in British resolve. Underlying this decision was an additional consideration: the long-standing dispute over Hong Kong's sovereignty. Since Britain acquired Hong Kong in 1841, the prospect of surrendering it, even temporarily, raised fears about reclaiming it afterward. Preserving the appearance of British determination was deemed crucial to demonstrating to Chiang Kai-shek, Nationalist China's leader, that Britain intended to retain the territory. Despite these political calculations, London consistently refused fresh troop deployments. Major-General A. E. Grasett, the China theatre commander, requested reinforcements only to face rejection—London offered only Indian or other colonial forces. Air Chief Marshal Sir Robert Brooke-Popham, appointed British commander in the Far East in 1941, likewise pressed for garrison strengthening, to no avail. The situation shifted dramatically after Grasett, a retired Canadian who had recently left his China post, travelled to Britain via Canada. Upon arriving in Canada, he independently approached his former classmate Major-General Crerar, Chief of the Canadian General Staff, and advocated for reinforcement. Grasett argued persuasively that deploying two or more additional battalions would enable the Hong Kong garrison to withstand an extended siege. When Grasett reached London in early September 1941, he presented this case directly to the British Chiefs of Staff, simultaneously proposing that Canada could provide the extra units. His arguments proved persuasive; the Chiefs of Staff altered course and convinced a reluctant Churchill to reconsider. In light of accelerating Japanese pressure, Britain substantially enlarged the Malaysia/Singapore garrison from nine to 32 battalions and despatched two capital ships—HMS Prince of Wales and Repulse—to the region, reasoning that this show of force would deter Japanese aggression against British Far Eastern interests, including Hong Kong. The original defence strategy envisaged holding Hong Kong Island exclusively while denying the harbour to attackers. A single battalion (the Punjabis) would execute delaying actions across the New Territories, followed by a three-battalion defensive stand on the Gin Drinkers Line. This brief mainland resistance would allow time for demolishing stores, power installations, docks and wharves, clearing food stocks and removing vital matériel before withdrawing to Hong Kong Island for a protracted resistance awaiting relief from Singapore or American forces from the Philippines. The Gin Drinkers Line—styled after the French Maginot Line in miniature—ran approximately 18 kilometres south of the Sino-Hong Kong border. Beginning near Gin Drinkers Bay west of Kowloon, it extended 17 kilometres across the Kowloon Peninsula hills toward its eastern extremity. The strategic expectation was that this line would delay the Japanese assault for three weeks or longer, permitting battalion withdrawal to Hong Kong Island for sustained resistance while mainland forces completed evacuation procedures. The 1937 war plan stipulated that four battalions would be necessary for an effective delaying action and seven for an adequate Gin Drinkers Line defence—figures which excluded the aircraft and naval support essential to success. With only a single army brigade available and virtually no air capability, planners abandoned the mainland defence concept, leaving defensive works incomplete and deteriorating under tropical conditions. Chinese personnel were conspicuously absent from initial war preparations and strategic planning, only being incorporated late in the process. The largest Chinese component was the volunteer contingent serving with the HKVDC. On the regular army side, approximately 150 Chinese recruits were enlisted in mid-1941 for the 5th Anti-Aircraft Regiment. The Hong Kong Chinese Regiment, hastily constituted on 3 November 1941, comprised officers borrowed from British and Indian units alongside 52 Chinese junior NCOs and other ranks with minimal training. A Royal Engineers troop staffed entirely by Chinese soldiers saw service, and some Chinese personnel served with the Royal Navy and Dockyard Defence Corps. Chinese participation increased substantially in auxiliary services—air-raid precautions, auxiliary police, nursing, St John Ambulance and fire brigades. This reluctance to fully integrate Chinese forces likely reflected prevailing attitudes of the era. Pre-war British propaganda had frequently mocked Japanese military capability, portraying officers and soldiers as myopic and incompetent. Japanese combat prowess was systematically underestimated; their victories in China were attributed to facing inferior opposition rather than evidence of genuine military strength. Japanese weaponry was dismissed as inferior to European standards. Consequently, British confidence remained high that the colony could hold indefinitely if adequately reinforced. In September 1941, Hong Kong received heartening news: two additional Canadian battalions would be deployed to the garrison. Brigadier John Maltby promptly revived the pre-war plan for defending the Gin Drinkers Line, developing a strategy centred on three mainland battalions (2nd Royal Scots, 5/7 Rajputs and 2/14 Punjab) supported by HKVDC elements and four artillery troop detachments, while three island battalions (1st Middlesex, Royal Rifles of Canada and Winnipeg Grenadiers) bolstered by the bulk of the HKVDC would hold Hong Kong Island. Command responsibility was divided between two brigades: the Island Brigade (Hong Kong Infantry Brigade) under Brigadier Lawson, a recently arrived Canadian, and the mainland Kowloon Infantry Brigade under Brigadier Wallis. The Canadian regiments arrived on 16 November 1941. Maltby was commissioned into the Indian Army in 1911, and  saw extensive service across multiple campaigns: World War I, the Persian Gulf (1913–14), and the North-West Frontier (1923–24). His early promise earned him selection for accelerated advancement through prestigious staff colleges at Quetta and RAF Andover. By 1937, he was again serving on the North-West Frontier, and by 1939 commanded both the 3rd Jhelum Brigade (later the Calcutta Brigade) and the 19th Infantry Brigade in Deccan. In 1940, posted to China, Maltby orchestrated the closure of the North China Command by withdrawing two infantry battalions from Shanghai. Promoted to major-general as GOC China in August 1941, he had only three months to prepare the colony's defenses, a race against time he could not win.  The Gin Drinkers Line occupied a naturally dominant position atop mountains spanning northern Kowloon's breadth, yet possessed inherent weaknesses that would prove fatal. The line lacked defensive depth and remained vulnerable to flanking manoeuvres, with two sectors representing particular danger: Customs Pass and the gap between Golden Hill and Laichikok Peninsula near Gin Drinkers Bay. Given the extended front, each battalion arranged its forces in a string of platoon positions with gaps covered by daytime fire and nighttime patrols. One company per battalion could be held in reserve within prepared positions guarding the most dangerous sectors. The reserve company of the centre battalion (2/14 Punjab) initially advanced as forward troops, screening demolition operations and delaying the enemy's initial thrust. The hasty decision to establish mainland defences meant that essential support systems—communication networks, artillery registrations, mortar calibrations—remained incomplete when combat commenced. Ammunition shortages compounded the problem. For instance, the 2/14 Punjab conducted only a single 3-inch mortar practice session before the attack; adequate ammunition arrived only in November and totalled a mere 70 rounds per battalion for both training and combat. These mortars were registered for the first time in their battle positions, with combat beginning just 12 hours later. The 2-inch mortar situation was even more desperate: troops received live ammunition only as fighting started, making their baptism of fire an actual combat situation. Transportation deficiencies—trucks and animals in short supply—forced manual ammunition transport across Hong Kong's challenging terrain, imposing severe physical demands on already stretched personnel.   On 6 November 1941, Imperial Japanese Headquarters ordered its Commander-in-Chief in China to prepare plans for capturing Hong Kong. The 23rd Army, part of the China Southern Expeditionary Army Group and commanded by Lt. Gen. Sakai Takashi with Maj. Gen. Kuribayashi Tadamichi serving as Chief of Staff, would form the invasion's backbone. All preparations were to be completed by the end of November 1941. The operation, designated 'Operation C', sought to 'seize Hong Kong within ten days'. Takahashi was the son of a factory worker, and rose through the ranks to become a veteran of China campaigns. He was tasked with capturing Hong Kong using the 38th Division normally assigned to the Southern Expeditionary Army Group. Despite setbacks and humiliation over requests for additional resources—particularly following intelligence reports of tanks (actually Bren carriers) in Hong Kong—Sakai remained determined to succeed. He served as Governor of Hong Kong from 26 December 1941 to 20 February 1942. Kuribayashi, best remembered as the Japanese commander at Iwo Jima, graduated from the Army Academy in 1914 specializing in cavalry. He served as deputy military attaché to Washington and Canada and studied at Harvard University. In December 1941, he held the position of Chief of Staff to the 23rd Army during the Hong Kong operation. Operation C followed a straightforward strategic framework. A blocking force would prevent Chinese interference from the rear, while the main invasion force would spearhead the assault. The 23rd Army, comprising four divisions plus a mixed brigade and two infantry regiments, received the assignment to attack Hong Kong. Of these four divisions, only the 38th played a substantive role in the invasion itself. The attack employed a combined-arms approach. Naval forces would establish a blockade and deliver bombardment while aircraft targeted key installations. Ground forces from the 38th Division—specifically the 228th, 229th, and 230th Regiments—would execute the land invasion using a three-pronged strategy. The right column would sweep westward in a wide arc, clearing Castle Peak Road and targeting the western flank of the Gin Drinkers Line near Laichikok Peninsula. The centre force would press directly through the line's middle, while the left column would cross Tidal Cove (Tolo Harbour) toward Kai Tak Airport and eastward toward Devil Peak, a crucial defensive position. The objective was to annihilate British forces on the mainland and compel Hong Kong's surrender through sustained bombardment. Should British forces resist, the island phase of the campaign would commence. Securing the rear against the Chinese National Army of the 7th Military District and Communist guerrillas fell to the 66th Regiment, normally part of the 51st Division but attached to the 38th for this operation. The 66th would simultaneously occupy and secure rear areas throughout the New Territories and Kowloon while the three assault regiments engaged the main defensive forces. This rearguard operation was organised into columns named after their commanding officers: Kitazawa, Kobayashi, Sato, and Araki. The Japanese selected the narrowest approach between Kowloon and Hong Kong Island, targeting the eastern coast near Lyemun Passage where only 410 metres of water separated the mainland from the island. Upon landing, forces would rapidly advance inland to seize the critical junction of Wongneichong Gap, then pivot westward and southward to capture Victoria City and the remainder of Hong Kong. The naval contingent divided into two groups: the Bombardment Group and the Attack Group. Approximately 300 personnel from the Special Naval Landing Force (SNLF) were attached to the invasion force. Air support came from the First Air Brigade under Col. Habu Hideharu, which contributed 56 light bombers and fighters. Their mission was to neutralise the Royal Air Force and Royal Navy, thereby securing aerial and maritime superiority for the ground campaign.   On the eve of war, the British garrison numbered 13,981 all ranks, including nursing staff and St John Ambulance personnel. Of these, 8,919 were British and Canadian, with 4,402 Indian and Chinese. The core infantry force comprised 5,422 regular soldiers, complemented by approximately 6,000 additional personnel across artillery, engineering, naval, and Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps (HKVDC) units. By 1941, the Royal Navy had become a shadow of its former self as the once-dominant China Squadron. Of the three World War I destroyers present on 8 December, two had been sent to Singapore—the third undergoing repairs—by 1930. This redeployment stemmed partly from the futility of defending the colony and partly from a commitment by senior US Navy officers: Britain would reinforce Singapore with Hong Kong's fleet in exchange for four American destroyers at Singapore. This American guarantee, however, never materialized. The defensive infrastructure focused primarily on countering a seaborne attack: twenty-nine coastal guns (9.2in., 6in., 4.7in., and 4in. calibres), ten 18- and 2-pounder beach defense guns, and twenty-eight field guns (60-pounder, 6in., 4.5in., and 3.7in. calibres). The Hong Kong Garrison's infantry comprised four regular army battalions—two British and two Indian—bolstered by five HKVDC infantry companies, each averaging 100 men. The 1st Middlesex Regiment, deployed in August 1937, served as a machine-gun battalion equipped with forty-eight Vickers medium machine guns. Having been abroad since 1931, the regiment had deteriorated through protracted garrison service, Hong Kong being among the softest postings available. From September 1939 onward, all regiments—including the 5/7 Rajputs (arrived June 1937) and the 2/14 Punjab—experienced systematic loss of experienced officers and NCOs to other theaters. The Royal Scots proved particularly hard hit, suffering disciplinary problems and an unusually high court-martial rate. Units like the Hong Kong and Singapore Royal Artillery suffered critical leadership gaps that went unaddressed. By December 1941, many formations fielded inexperienced replacement troops, significantly undermining combat readiness. The Punjabis exemplified these deficiencies. Stationed in Hong Kong since November 1940, they received their vehicles and mortars only in August 1941—three months before combat. Compounding this, forty percent of their strength consisted of raw recruits arrived just in October. When war erupted, artillery regiments found themselves relying on junior officers in senior roles, with British commanders unfamiliar with Urdu directing Indian troops, a handicap that severely compromised effectiveness. Deficient equipment compounded leadership shortages. Shells dating from 1918 detonated prematurely upon discharge, while ammunition shortages crippled operations. On 8 December, all field guns deployed with merely 100 rounds apiece, with 200 rounds held in reserve for the entire campaign, and coastal guns received only 25 rounds each. Insufficient cross-training meant many infantrymen failed to understand the artillery "clock face" targeting system, causing them to miss their objectives. Malaria devastated European troops, particularly the Royal Scots. Of approximately 770 personnel, at least 180 suffered recurring malarial episodes from the Shing Mun Redoubt area's notoriously endemic conditions. Staff shortages forced nearly every unit to promote junior officers to positions beyond their rank, exacerbating structural weaknesses. Although the Canadians' arrival bolstered the garrison, significant handicaps undermined their effectiveness. Both battalions carried a C-class designation—deemed unfit for foreign service—having spent years in soft garrison postings without rigorous training. The deficit was stark: each Canadian soldier received only thirty-five rifle practice rounds. The two battalions incorporated 115 men with fewer than sixteen weeks' training, while sixty-two of seventy-five recruits joining the Winnipeg Grenadiers in June came directly from a training depot lacking even basic rifles. Twelve percent of the Canadian force remained untrained. Equipment deficiencies proved even more damaging. A standard 1941 Canadian infantry battalion required 102 motor vehicles—including twenty-two Universal Carriers, thirty-seven ¾-ton trucks, thirteen 1-ton trucks, thirty-one bicycles, and twenty-two Boys anti-tank rifles. When the Canadians landed, logistical failures left them with only six Bren carriers, two water tankers, twelve ¾-ton trucks, and a single Boys anti-tank rifle. Although they carried 3in. mortars, neither ammunition nor radios accompanied them. Canada possessed only 300 3-inch mortar bombs in its entire inventory at that time, making any allocation to Hong Kong impossible. A second vessel, the SS Don Jose, was dispatched with replacement vehicles and equipment but never reached Hong Kong before 8 December. The Japanese seized it en route to Manila. Despite these shortcomings, the force departed on 27 October with 1,975 men and arrived on 16 November. Intelligence estimates regarding Japanese available forces varied widely, ranging from two to four divisions. On 6 December evening, Chinese reports confirmed the previous day's arrival of three Japanese divisions at Buji township, located eight miles from the border in what is now Shenzhen. Earlier, around 1 November, a Japanese deserter provided intelligence of significant troop concentrations north of the frontier, including large-calibre artillery indicative of at least divisional strength.   The Hong Kong invasion force comprised three service branches: the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) deployed the 38th Infantry Division, the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) committed the Second China Fleet, and the Imperial Japanese Air Force (IJAF) contributed the 1st Air Group. Command of the ground assault rested with Lieutenant-General Sano Tadayoshi of the 38th Division, supported by Major-General Ito Takeo heading the infantry group, while supporting arms including artillery, engineers, armor, and transport fell under Sano's authority. The main assault force consisted of three infantry regiments from the 38th Division, each led by a colonel: the 228th under Doi Teihichi, the 229th under Tanaka Ryosaburo, and the 230th under Shoji Toshishige. The 38th Division itself was a standard 1940s B-class infantry division of approximately 20,000 troops (ranging from 18,000–21,000 depending on operational requirements), organized into three regiments with three battalions each. Reflecting the Japanese army's reliance on animal and human transport, each regiment fielded roughly 3,800 troops supported by some 700 horses. Battalion strength averaged around 1,071 personnel, with companies numbering approximately 180 men. Japanese infantry battalions of this period featured a distinctive organization: rifle platoons consisted of four sections (three equipped with rifles and light machine guns, one with light mortars and rifles), complemented by an additional heavy machine-gun company fielding twelve Type 92 weapons and a troop of light artillery—likely Type 92 70mm infantry guns. The divisional field artillery regiment operated 75mm Type 41 mountain guns organized into three 688-man battalions, each with two troops of two guns. Mountain artillery units, numbering 36 guns total, carried additional personnel (3,400) and animals (1,400) to navigate the terrain complexities of Hong Kong operations. Recognizing the need for overwhelming firepower to compel Hong Kong's surrender, the IJA augmented the invasion force with heavy artillery—15cm and 24cm howitzers commanded by Major-General Kitashima Kineo. News of the Canadian reinforcements arriving in Hong Kong forced a reassessment. Commander-in-Chief Sakai Takashi of the 23rd Army informed his superiors that the original ten-day timeline was unrealistic and requested additional troops. Although most formations were already committed to other operations, Imperial Headquarters eventually authorized two depot regiments from Japan to support the campaign. Intended for second-line duties rather than frontline combat, these units were to be returned promptly after freeing experienced personnel for Hong Kong operations. This arrangement allowed the 19th and 20th mixed brigades—approximately 6,000 men organized in five infantry battalions, a field artillery battalion, and an engineer battalion—to be released for Hong Kong. However, Sakai's request for reinforcements met with disapproval from Imperial Headquarters, and he received an unmistakable message: a swift, decisive campaign was essential. His situation worsened when Japanese agents mistakenly identified British Bren carriers as tanks, forcing Sakai to improvise armor by raiding the 1st Reserve Tank Battalion and tankette units from infantry depot divisions. In attempting to secure additional armor from the 11th Army's 9th Reconnaissance Regiment, Sakai encountered resistance. General Hata Shunroku lodged sustained complaints with senior officials, and Sakai received a sharp rebuke—further requests would not be entertained, and his replacement would follow if necessary. Stung by this loss of face, Sakai abandoned all additional requests and became even more determined to achieve success. Vice-Admiral Niimi Masaichi, commanding the 2nd China Expeditionary Fleet, oversaw the entire naval element, divided into bombardment and attack groups. His flagship, the light cruiser Isuzu, carried Captain Ura Koichi, who simultaneously commanded the bombardment group. This naval force assembled ships from various China Expeditionary Fleet units, particularly from the Canton Special Base Force, 15 Squadron, and 11 Torpedo Boat Division at Guangzhou. Reflecting Niimi's lack of confidence in the army's air support capabilities, the seaplane tender IJN Kamikawa Maru joined the operation on his insistence, providing organic naval aviation against the threat posed by British Wildebeests. Niimi also petitioned for destroyers IJN Wakaba and Yugure to counter the three British destroyers, though this request was denied. The Special Naval Landing Forces (SNLF) were assigned to conduct diversionary attacks south of Hong Kong Island, intended to distract British forces from the main land invasion thrust. The IJAF's 1st Air Brigade, commanded by Colonel Habu Hideharu, centered on the 45th Air Regiment with 34 Kawasaki Ki-32 Type 98 'Mary' light bombers. This composite force drew aircraft and units from airfields across China and Manchuria—Beijing, Shanghai, Taiwan, and Qiqihar—all assembled at Baiyun Aerodrome in Guangzhou on 7 December 1941. Supporting the 1st Air Brigade were the 10th Independent Squadron under Captain Takatsuki Akira with 13 Nakajima Ki-27 Type 97 'Nate' fighters, 3 Mitsubishi Ki-15 Type 97 'Babs' command reconnaissance aircraft from the 18th Independent Reconnaissance Squadron, and the 44th Independent Squadron fielding 6 Tachikawa Ki-36 Type 98 'Ida' observation aircraft. Years before the invasion, the Japanese cultivated an extensive network of agents and sleeper operatives in Hong Kong, methodically gathering intelligence and mapping military installations. This sophisticated network proved remarkably effective: invasion maps carried by IJA officers were actually Hong Kong Government and British military maps, overprinted with Japanese annotations and interpretations. British officers later discovered in captivity that the Peninsula Hotel's regular barber was a Japanese Navy lieutenant-commander who had exploited the intimate setting to extract valuable information about British force dispositions. Intelligence operatives infiltrated every level of Hong Kong society—the garrison tailor and barber both served as spies. This groundwork enabled exceptional accuracy in artillery fire and bombing campaigns. The Japanese further leveraged criminal networks, recruiting gangsters throughout Hong Kong and Guangdong province with money and arms, turning them into irregular auxiliaries supporting the invasion.   On Sunday, 7 December, seven hundred members of the 2nd Royal Scots and Middlesex Regiment marched to St John's Cathedral for the morning service. As Major-General Maltby read a passage from Matthew, his aide-de-camp, Lieutenant I. MacGregor, delivered an urgent message that would change everything. Preparations for conflict had already begun. On 5 December, the HKVDC had mobilized fully, yet Hong Kong's broader population remained unmoved—the Happy Valley racetrack reported record attendance that very day. The contrast was stark: while one institution prepared for war, another celebrated as though nothing threatened. Japanese forces had been positioned advantageously since autumn 1941. The 23rd Army was already stationed west of Guangzhou, with contingents scattered across Foshan Town, Zhuhai, and other locations on the Pearl River delta. Upon orders for war on 1 December, they faced minimal distances to cover. The army regrouped at Humen, Shilong Town, and Guangzhou itself—staging areas for the invasion. The first visible signs arrived on 4–5 December when Japanese forces landed at Mirs Bay; the 228th Regiment moved into its staging area at Buji Town, now part of Shenzhen City. Maltby received these reports and immediately departed the cathedral service to issue urgent stand-to orders. Yet skepticism persisted within military circles. Some dismissed the threat, dismissing such intelligence as "astonishingly erroneous." Meanwhile, the Imperial Japanese Navy massed in the waters beyond Hong Kong's horizon. The Kowloon Infantry Brigade held a stretched defensive line: the 5/7 Rajputs anchored the centre, the 2/14 Punjab the east, and the 2nd Royal Scots the west. Forward positions extended far—C Company, 2/14 Punjab, under Major S. Burns ranged along Castle Peak Road toward Yuen Long. The brigade screen, C Company of the 2/14 Punjab, held Shueng Shui and Taipo Market with four Bren carriers and two armoured cars from the HKVDC, backed by engineers and the 22nd Fortress Company. The Hong Kong Infantry Brigade held Hong Kong Island itself. The Winnipeg Grenadiers occupied Victoria City on the north-west coast, while the Royal Rifles of Canada stretched along the north-east shores from Saukiwan to Lyemun. Brigadier Lawson commanded from his headquarters at Wongneichong Gap in the island's centre. At 0355 hours on 8 December, the code word "Blossom Blossom" was transmitted. Eleven minutes later, Lieutenant-General Sakai ordered the invasion to commence. Fifty minutes after that, at 0445 hours, Major Charles Boxer—a fluent Japanese speaker formerly of the Lincolnshire Regiment—was roused by Radio Tokyo announcing that war was imminent. Governor Young and Major-General Maltby were informed at once. By 0500 hours, the forward demolition points had been blown by Major Gray, OC of C Company 2/14 Punjab, and the HKVDC engineers under Major J. H. Bottomley. At 0645 hours, the garrison received formal notification: Britain and Japan were at war. Seventy-five minutes later, air-raid sirens wailed. Within moments, smoke billowed from Kai Tak Airport as Japanese aircraft destroyed virtually the entire air garrison. The Wildebeests, Walruses, HKVDC biplanes, and several civilian planes were engulfed in flames. Only two Ju-52s of the Eurasia Corporation and one CNAC T-32 Condor escaped destruction—dispersal bays had never been built due to lack of funds. The Japanese then turned to secondary targets, bombing Shamshuipo Camp and the neighbouring police station. The Canadians suffered few large-scale casualties in the initial strikes, though Sergeant Routledge and Signalman Fairley of the signal platoon were wounded—the first Canadian soldiers injured in World War II. Remarkably, Hong Kong Island's theatres, cinemas, and restaurants continued operating as though the island faced no peril. Japanese demolition efforts proved only minor obstacles. Bridges blown were quickly replaced. The invasion proceeded on three fronts: the 230th Regiment advanced westward along the northern route toward Yuen Long and Castle Peak, targeting the northern slope of Tai Mo Mountain. The 228th Regiment drove down the centre, following the Sheung Shui–Taipo–Kowloon road toward Grassy Hill north of the Shing Mun Redoubt. The 229th Regiment, crossing at Sha Tau Kok and by boat at Starling Inlet, proceeded via Taipo toward Tai Shui Hang and Ma On Mountain. Whenever confronted with strongly defended positions, the Japanese bypassed them entirely rather than engage. The first day brought scattered but spirited resistance. Around 1300 hours, the Punjabis inflicted the first serious check, drawing blood from advancing Japanese forces. At 1830 hours, they ambushed and decimated several Japanese platoons south of Taipo market town. The HKVDC's armoured cars and Bren carriers struck similar successes nearby. The 2 Royal Scots' reconnaissance platoon clashed with elements of the 229th Regiment around Yuen Long. Despite these minor victories, Japanese momentum continued. Armed with stolen British maps and guided by fifth columnists, they pushed forward relentlessly. By late afternoon on the 8th, the Punjabis withdrew toward Grassy Hill to avoid being outflanked. The artillerymen of the 12th Battery engaged an IJN destroyer and Japanese forces around Taipo, inflicting heavy casualties. Farther south near Shatin, on the Taipo–Kowloon highway, rapidly advancing Japanese troops surprised the defenders and severed the fuse at an HKVDC demolition point. Their triumph proved momentary; the engineers completed the backup circuit and detonated the bridge, destroying it along with the Japanese soldiers crossing it. By early morning on 9 December, orders came to withdraw all mainland units to the Gin Drinkers Line. The Punjabis, already at Shatin Wai overlooking Tide Cove, held their position under pressure and continuous shelling for the next two days. The HKVDC withdrew to Fotan, a village south of Shatin. Maltby ordered D Company, 5/7 Rajputs, under Captain H. R. Newtons to Smuggler's Ridge to close the gap between the 2 Royal Scots and 2/14 Punjab. HKVDC armoured cars and Bren carriers continued patrols along Castle Peak Road while HMS Cicala, having survived two air attacks, maintained station in Castle Peak Bay. Despite an IJN blockade, the destroyers HMS Thanet and Scout slipped anchor and escaped to Singapore around 2130 hours. The surviving CNAC and Eurasia aircraft took off with high-value evacuees: Dr. Sun Yat-Sen's widow and her two equally renowned sisters—the Soong sisters—along with Chinese Finance Minister H. H. Kung. Also departing was Lieutenant-Colonel H. Owen-Hughes of the HKVDC, who carried orders to coordinate with the Chinese Nationalist Army for a rear-guard attack on Japanese forces to relieve the pressure on Hong Kong. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. On 8 December 1941, Japan attacked Hong Kong with the 38th Division, supported by naval and air forces. Despite British defenses manned by undertrained, under-equipped troops, Japanese forces advanced rapidly across three fronts. Within hours, the RAF was destroyed, demolitions proved futile, and British units withdrew toward the Gin Drinkers Line facing overwhelming odds.

VEM: Mattias KlumYRKE: NaturfotografAVSNITT: 751OM: Kameran som pass till världen. National Geographic-regler. Bilderna man inte kan låta bli att ta. Kreativ klåda. Nigeria 1990. Samarbetet med Johan Rockström. Klimatförändringarna han sett hända i realtid. Den svenska klimat-självbilden. Industriskog kontra urskog. Barnen han var borta från. Teknikointresset. Tacksamheten. Hur en gardin i en poddstudio plötsligt kan bli en öken. Kinesiska klimatframsteg. Malaria, dysenteri och andra sjukdomar han haft. Och en hel om blunthugget i huvudet från en kobra i Kamerun.SAMTALSLEDARE: Kristoffer TriumfPRODUCENT: Mattias ÅsénKONTAKT: varvet@triumf.se och Instagram.P.s Nu finns min nya bok Västerbottens sämsta schaman att beställa HÄR. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Send us Fan MailIn this episode of the Root of the Science Podcast, Dr Anne Chisa talks to a Nigerian malaria policy researcher Michael Audu to unpack what it will take for next-generation antimalarials to reach the people who need them.They discuss drug resistance, Ganaplacide-Lumefantrine, Nigeria's malaria burden and Michael's Africa Readiness Index (ARI) in rolling out new malaria treatments.Listen to the full conversation!Support the showFollow the show on:Twitter: @RootofscipodInstagram: @Rootofscipod YouTube: The Root Of The Science PodcastFacebook: The Root of The Science Podcast LinkedIn: The Root Of The Science PodcastWebsite 

For many Nigerians, a fever, headache, or general body weakness is often assumed to be malaria, leading countless people to self-medicate without seeking proper medical attention.But health experts warn that some of these symptoms could be signs of Lassa fever, a viral disease that continues to claim lives across the country despite years of awareness campaigns and public health interventions.Now, with the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention reporting 214 deaths and a case fatality rate of 25 per cent this year, concerns are growing about whether enough Nigerians can recognize the disease early enough to seek lifesaving treatment.Join us in this episode of Nigeria Daily as we hear from a survivor who mistook Lassa fever for malaria, examine what Benue State is doing to tackle the disease, and explore how Nigerians can better protect themselves.

In this session, attendees will be equipped to navigate the discernment process of identifying the best-fit sending agency for them.

Volkswagen y sindicato frenan negociación  Gobierno alerta por fraude con constancias de no inhabilitación  Malaria cae a su nivel más bajo en Brasil desde 1978  Más información en nuestro podcast#grc

I look at outbreaks around the world over the past week from every continent: Ebola in DRC, malaria in DRC, Lassa in Nigeria, JE in Nepal, polio in Afghanistan, Legionnaires' disease in France, Sri Lanka dengue, Dengue in TampaBay, Florida and more.

Coming up, Australian researchers have found a new way to help prevent malaria. How have they done it? Also, the UK is "leading the world" in efforts to eliminate hepatitis C, a designer vest that could protect our astronauts from space radiation, and how a new aerogel-based toothpaste can tackle tooth sensitivity. Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists

God can sustain for your weary soul. -------- Thank you for listening! Your support of Joni and Friends helps make this show possible.     Joni and Friends envisions a world where every person with a disability finds hope, dignity, and their place in the body of Christ. Become part of the global movement today at www.joniandfriends.org   Find more encouragement on Instagram, TikTok, Facebook, and YouTube.

Bipolar disorder affects almost 40 million people worldwide, but finding the right treatment is complex, and nearly half of patients struggle to follow their prescribed treatment plans.   In the first part of this episode, we discuss new research which aims to help patients and their doctors identify the right treatment. Michele De Prisco, psychiatrist and researcher at the Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques, joins us to discuss his team's comprehensive umbrella analysis of bipolar disorder treatment options.   Also this week, with the malaria vaccines RTS,S and R21 passing regulatory hurdles, and becoming available for populations around the world, the fight against malaria is shifting. Gillian Turner, Principal Research Associate at the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, explains the logistical challenges of the malaria vaccine rollout and what steps are needed next to control the disease. Reading list:   Evidence based interventions for bipolar disorder across phases and age groups   Scaling up Malaria Vaccines in Africa

This session focuses on caring for the short-term mission worker - pre-travel matters to be addressed, encountered challenges during travel and common scenarios of the returning worker.

In his weekly clinical update, Daniel Griffin and Vincent Racaniello are distressed by Erica Schwartz' confirmation as CDC director, the GAO proposed pandemic preparedness plans, the national cyclospora outbreak and resulting two deaths, new screwworm and the scale of the Ebola outbreak in the Congo, and clear results from some of President Trump's policies dismantling public health activites including water safety, before Dr. Griffin deep dives into the measles outbreak, recent statistics on RSV, influenza and SARS-CoV-2 infections, the Wasterwater Scan dashboard, Johns Hopkins measles tracker, FDA approval of Moderna's mRNA vaccine for seasonal flu, how to access and pay for Paxlovid, where to go for answers about long COVID-19, how SARS-CoV-2 infections may reactivate latent viral infections, particularly Aniello virus, and contacting your federal government representative to stop the assault on science and biomedical research. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Senate confirms Erica Schwartz as CDC director (CIDRAP) PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS: Experts Identified Actions to Improve Surveillance for Emerging Disease Threats (Government Accountability Office) Association Between First MMR Vaccination Before Age 2 Years and Childhood Autism in a U.S. EHR Cohort of 2.5 Million Children (The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal) F.D.A. Approves Moderna's mRNA Flu Vaccine (NY Times) Efficacy and Safety of an mRNA Seasonal Influenza Vaccine in Adults (NEJM) Two Deaths Linked to Cyclosporiasis in Michigan (NY Times) CDC expands largest known cyclosporiasis outbreak to 15 states (Washington Post) Surveillance of Cyclosporiasis (CDC: Cyclosporiasis) Infectious DiseaseOutbreaks (Michigan: Health & Human Services) Cyclosporiasis Cases in North Carolina (North Carolina: Division of Public Health) Cyclospora Infection (Cyclosporiasis) (NYC Health) Missouri Communicable Disease Report (2026) (Missouri Health) Irrigation & Water Use (USDA: Economic Research Service) A Guide to OSHA's Field Sanitation Standard (OSHA) Turm purge at FDA and USDA triggers food safety 'brain drain' (FOODNavigator) Foodborne Illness Surveillance Systems (CDC) About Campylobacter infection (CDC: Campylobacter infection (Campylobacteriosis)) About Cyclosporiasis (CDC: Cyclosporiasis) About Listeria Infection (CDC: Listeria Infection (Listeriosis)) About Salmonella Infection (CDC: Salmonella Infection (Salmonellosis)) About Escherichia coli Infection (CDC: E.Coli Infection (Escherichia coli)) About Shigella Infection (CDC: Shigella-Shigellosis) About Vibrio Infection (CDC: Vibrio Infection (Vibriosis)) About Yersinia Infection (CDC: Yersinia Infection (Yersiniosis)) CDC Reveals Cause of Malaria's Return to US After 20 Years(Newsweek) Trump Dismantles USAID: Experts Say Move Will Help America's Rivals and Harm Millions (Newsweek) What we truly know about the huge US Cyclospora outbreak—and what we don't (CIDRAP) It's The Water, Not Produce, Likely Driving Cyclospora Outbreaks (Forbes) Dashboard SCREWWORM.Gov (USDA: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service) CDC Activates Emergency Operations Center for New World Screwworm Response (CDC Newroom) Ebola dashboard (ebola.fyi) EBOLA: The Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2026(WHO) Bundibugyo virus disease outbreak Democratic Republic of the Congo (WHO: Democratic Republic of Congo) Ebola Outbreak: Current Situation (CDC:Ebola) EXCLUSIVE: Congo's Ebola epidemic started at least 4 months before it was detected (Science) Wastewater for measles (WasterWater Scan) Measles cases and outbreaks (CDC Rubeola) Big outbreak, bright lights…Measles Dashboard (South Carolina Department of Public Health) Utah measles outbreak response (Utah Department of Health and Human Services) Utah Measles Dashboard (Utah Department of Health and Human Services) Measles (VDH: Virginia Department of Health) Tracking Measles Cases in the U.S. (Johns Hopkins) HAP's Latest News Pa. Launches New Measles Dashboard (Hospital + HealthSystem Association of Pennsylvania) Measles vaccine recommendations from NYP (jpg) Weekly measles and rubella monitoring (Government of Canada) Measles (WHO) Get the FACTS about measles (NY State Department of Health) Measles (CDC Measles (Rubeola)) Measles vaccine (CDC Measles (Rubeola)) Presumptive evidence of measles immunity (CDC) Contraindications and precautions to measles vaccination (CDC) Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: evidence bearing on causality (NLM) Measles Vaccination: Know the Facts (ISDA: Infectious Diseases Society of America) Deaths following vaccination: what does the evidence show (Vaccine) Influenza: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan) US respiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses) Respiratory virus activity levels (CDC Respiratory Illnesses) Flu vaccine recommendations: Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee March 12, 2026 Meeting Announcement (FDA) WHO updates all 3 viral strains to be included in fall flu shots (CIDRAP) FDA vaccine advisers recommend adding subclade K to fall shots (CIDRAP) Moderna's mRNA flu shot mFlusiva snags FDA nod after refusal-to-file imbroglio (Fierece Pharma) Weekly surveillance report: clift notes (CDC FluView) OPTION 2: XOFLUZA $50 Cash Pay Option (xofluza) RSV: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan) Respiratory Diseases (Yale School of Public Health) US respiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses) RSV-Network (CDC Respiratory Syncytial virus Infection) Vaccines for Adults (CDC: Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection (RSV)) Economic Analysis of Protein Subunit and mRNA RSV Vaccination in Adults aged 50-59 Years (CDC: ACIP) Respiratory Diseases (Yale School of Public Health) Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan) COVID-19 deaths (CDC) Respiratory Illnesses Data Channel (CDC: Respiratory Illnesses) COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC) COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC) SARS-CoV-2 genomes galore (Nextstrain) Household Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Washington and Oregon, United States, 2022-2024 (Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society) Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda) EUA for the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD) Infusion center (Prime Fusions) CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC) NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH) Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool) Help your eligible patients access PAXLOVID with the PAXCESS Patient Support Program (Pfizer Pro) Understanding Coverage Options (PAXCESS) Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society) Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV) Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society) What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC) Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC) Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org) Daniel Griffin's evidence based medical practices for long COVID (OFID) Long COVID hotline (Columbia : Columbia University Irving Medical Center) The answers: Long COVID Virus reactivation in acute and long COVID-19 (Nature) Reaching out to US house representative Letters read on TWiV 1346 Dr. Griffin's COVID treatment summary (pdf) Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

This time, macho male gorillas trade stature for sperm count, how gambling machines use sound and light to take the sting out of losing, whether babies are born hard-wired to dance, the way bird eggs are adapted to altitude, and the effect of a fever on the stickiness of malaria-infected blood cells... Get the references and the transcripts for this programme from the Naked Scientists website

Fox 59's report on Brett Scrogham's murder: https://fox59.com/news/indycrime/judge-will-decide-if-14-year-old-charged-with-murder-in-downtown-indy-shooting-will-be-tried-as-adult/The New York Times's report on the murder of Jonathan Pettigrew: https://www.nytimes.com/2026/06/08/nyregion/bronx-bus-fatal-shooting.htmlBronx News 12's report on the murder of Jonathan Pettigrew: https://bronx.news12.com/2026/06/12/family-of-man-killed-on-bx36-bus-speaks-out-as-police-search-for-15-year-old-gunman/7eUHrmE5HwZhBUWujajNF0A GoFundMe for Jonathan Pettigrew's children: https://www.gofundme.com/f/support-for-jonathan-pettigrews-childrenCNN's report on the death of Nolan Wells: https://www.cnn.com/2026/07/13/us/nolan-wells-death-mississippi-timelinePeople's report on the death of Nolan Wells: https://people.com/nolan-wells-death-investigations-raise-key-questions-what-to-know-12020349CNN's report on revelations about the suspicious deaths of Grand Duke Francesco I de' Medici and his wife, Bianca Cappello: https://www.cnn.com/2026/07/15/science/medici-family-mystery-dna-malariaCheck out our upcoming book events and get links to buy tickets here: https://murdersheetpodcast.com/eventsPre-order our book on Delphi here: https://bookshop.org/p/books/shadow-of-the-bridge-the-delphi-murders-and-the-dark-side-of-the-american-heartland-aine-cain/21866881?ean=9781639369232Or here: https://www.simonandschuster.com/books/Shadow-of-the-Bridge/Aine-Cain/9781639369232Or here: https://www.amazon.com/Shadow-Bridge-Murders-American-Heartland/dp/1639369236Join our Patreon here! https://www.patreon.com/c/murdersheetSupport The Murder Sheet by buying a t-shirt here: https://www.murdersheetshop.com/Check out more inclusive sizing and t-shirt and merchandising options here: https://themurdersheet.dashery.com/Send tips to murdersheet@gmail.com.The Murder Sheet is a production of Mystery Sheet LLC.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

What happens when a deep-seated thirst for childhood revenge turns into a career in genetic engineering? You get an absolute badass who is plotting the ultimate downfall of the world's deadliest killer. Krystal is a Ugandan entomologist (aka a massive bug nerd) who has dedicated her life to taking down the mosquito. Growing up in Uganda, surviving malaria was basically a terrifying game of Russian roulette. Crystal shares the raw, heart-wrenching origin story that fueled her career: watching her little brother suffer through brutal, fever-induced seizures all night while her family simply couldn't afford the medication to treat him. Crystal completely schools Jeremie and Brian on what malaria actually does to the human body - and it is no joke. We're talking brain damage from cerebral malaria, "black water fever" (where your urine turns black from liver damage), and even gangrene that leads to amputations. We also dig into the wild fact that out of the 3,500 species of mosquitoes on Earth, only about four are the real assholes responsible for the vast majority of malaria transmission in Africa. This episode is a massive reality check about the devastating barriers to healthcare in the developing world, the literal life-saving impact of the Global Fund, and the badass science that might just eradicate this disease for good. Grab your bug spray and tune in.Follow Sickboy: Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sickboypodcastTiktok: https://www.tiktok.com/@sickboypodcastDiscord: https://discord.gg/expeUDN

“Death is going to have to fence me” — Stephenie Rodriguez Tech entrepreneur, global health ambassador, and wheelchair fencer Stephenie Rodriguez lost her feet to a near-fatal battle with malaria, but that is just a fraction of her story. Guided by unwavering purpose, she champions disabled individuals globally and develops technology to protect vulnerable women. Stephenie shares how she made sporting history as the first Australian female para-fencer to compete internationally since 1968. Now training with Team USA for the 2028 Paralympics, she continues to prove that absolutely nothing can slow her down. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Coming up, most of Europe smashes June temperature records. But what is the 'heat dome' that's driving this extreme weather? Plus, why HPV vaccine rates are declining despite a huge reduction in cervical cancer deaths; Sonia Shah on her book The Fever: How Malaria Has Ruled Humankind for 500,000 Years; and former Astronomer Royal, Lord Martin Rees, on aliens. Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists

Join Ellen & special guest science communicator, infectious disease researcher, and the Khaleesi of Mosquitos for a review of some of the animal kingdom's most controversial creatures. We discuss whether our guest would rather fight 10,000 mosquitos or a gorilla, evil squiggles and how malaria works, larval cannibalism and mosquito-on-mosquito crime, what the insectary is doing with all those soup cups and dental dams, and so much more.  Links: Follow Cassandra on Instagram or YouTube! Learn more about the the Kaushansky Lab at Seattle Children's Hospital's Center for Global Infectious Disease Research! For more information about us & our podcast, head over to our website! Follow Just the Zoo of Us on BlueSky, Facebook, Instagram & Discord! Follow Ellen on Instagram or BlueSky! Help support this show and unlock bonus content! Become a member at https://maximumfun.org/joinjustthezoo