Podcasts about guru arjan

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Before the main segment, The Opposite of "Not One Of Us" is "We Are All One”, I begin the program by sharing spiritual readings covering various topics from several sources: The Hidden Words of Baha'u'llah; a Saying of Jesus from, The Book of the Gnosis of the Invisible God, An Unrecognized Dialogues Gospel Embedded in the Bruce Codex Placed at the Beginning of the First Book of IEOU; also, readings from: The Ghat Ramayan of Sant Tulsi Sahib; Sar Bachan Radhasoami Prose of Soami Ji Maharaj; 1008 Kabir Vani (Saakhis of Guru Kabir); Baba Ram Singh on meditation practice; Saint Isaac of Nineveh; and mystic poetry * of Sant Charandas. (* Bhajans, Hymns)   One of the most mysterious passages recorded in the New Testament is: "'Teacher', said John, 'we saw a man driving out demons in your Name and we told him to stop, because he was not one of us *.' "'Do not stop him,' Jesus said. 'No one who does a miracle in my Name can in the next moment say anything bad about me, for whoever is not against us is for us.'" (Mark 9: 38+39) One may wonder who this mystery person was and what unknown sect or faction of the Jesus Movement he belonged to, since the disciples had apparently never encountered him before. (* The Not-One-Of-Us Treatment.)   The main segment is titled: The Opposite of "Not One Of Us" is "We Are All One”, an essay documenting how Sant Mat historically has never been limited to only "one" living master (Sant Satguru) at a time but there have always been multiple lineages of masters alive in the world contemporary with one another. As Hazur Baba Sawan Singh once said: "It is not necessary that there should be only one * Master in the whole world or even in a single country. There have been different Masters in different countries at the same time, and even in the same country. Thus Guru Nanak and Kabir were contemporaries, and so also Dadu and Guru Arjan. But their teaching is the same at all times and in every country." (* The Path is One.)    In Divine Love (Bhakti), Light, and Sound, At the Feet of the Masters, Radhaswami   James Bean Spiritual Awakening Radio Podcasts Sant Mat Satsang Podcasts Sant Mat Radhasoami A Satsang Without Walls https://www.SpiritualAwakeningRadio.com        

The writer of Sukhmani sahib and various other banis, Guru Arjan dev ji's writings are among the most exceptional and unique works that have appeared in the area of sacred and devotional literature. He made a significant contribution to society's well-being. And lastly, He gave his life in sacrificial service of the principles that he maintained achieving a singular and unmatched martyrdom in human historyMusic: arms of Heaven by Aakash Gandhi

The Sukhmani of Guru Arjan Dev explores Simran (the repetition of names of God and meditation that leads to merging with God), meditation on the Sound Current, the greatness of Saints and Satsang, bhakti: love and devotion, ethics, good deeds, the nature of the mind, knowledge of the Divine, oneness with the Formless Supreme Being, the afterlife, etc...   "Of all the places. the best one is where the Name (Naam) of the Lord resides." (Guru Arjan Dev, Book of Sukhmani, Adi Granth)   In Divine Love (Bhakti), Light, and Sound, At the Feet of the Masters, Radhaswami, James Bean Spiritual Awakening Radio Podcasts Sant Mat Satsang Podcasts Sant Mat Radhasoami https://www.SpiritualAwakeningRadio.com    

In this katha by Sant Gurbachan Singh (Bhindrawale) talks about the life of Sri Guru Arjan Dev Ji. Any issues please contact me on kam1825@hotmail.com I would also like to thank my sponsors who have donated towards the podcasts financially. Thank you with your continuing support this podcast can become self sustaining

Suffering is one of the few universal human experiences. Because of this, every religious tradition attempts to address humanity's long struggle to understand why suffering, pain, and evil afflict our lives. In this special extended episode, join us as we explore how different religious streams approach the theological question known as "the problem of evil."Did you know that Answers is also a YouTube series? Watch episodes like this one and so many others right here. Also, you can subscribe to our YouTube channel by clicking here.Or you can check out Patheos' other podcast offerings here.Curious about religion? Explore the world's beliefs at Patheos.com or Like and Follow us on Facebook.

ਸੁਖਮਨੀ ਸਾਹਿਬ. Sukhmani Sahib is usually translated to mean Prayer of Peace is a set of 192 padas present in the holy Guru Granth Sahib, the main scripture and living Guru of Sikhism from Ang 262 to Ang 296. This Gurbani text was written by the 5th Guru, Guru Arjan at Amritsar in around 1602. Wikipedia Author: Guru Arjan Dev ji --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/transform-your-life/message

In this episode hear how Guru Arjan Dev Ji renames a city to Chola Sahib after eating some delicious food. This relates to Chapter 13 of Raas 7.

In this episode hear how Guru Arjan Dev Ji makes his way to the village Chola Sahib. This relates to Chapter 12 of Raas 7.

This story teaches us about patience. It happened during the time of Guru Arjan Dev, the 5th Guru. As he meditated for thousands of years the words of his master echoed as he waited to meet the Guru of the future kal yug...

Hi, I'm Sukhraj Singh from SikhArchive and welcome to the 53rd episode of our Podcast series of conversations with historians, authors, academics, researchers, and activists on topics related to their areas of expertise on Sikh or Panjabi history. In this episode, we are joined by Pashaura Singh, who is a professor of religious studies at the University of California, Riverside. He is a leading scholar in Sikh studies where his research interests and expertise include the Adi Granth, Gurmukhi script and Sikh history. Today we will be discussing his book, namely the Life and Work of Guru Arjan, and exploring this biography in detail. We talk about Guru Arjan Dev Ji's childhood, his philosophy, his Guruship, engagement with Mughal rule and his legacy, to name but a few.

ਲਾਈਵ | ਪੰਚਮ ਪਾਤਸ਼ਾਹ, ਸ਼ਹੀਦਾਂ ਦੇ ਸਿਰਤਾਜ ਧੰਨ ਧੰਨ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਅਰਜਨ ਦੇਵ ਜੀ ਦੀ ਅਦੁੱਤੀ ਸ਼ਹਾਦਤ ਨੂੰ ਸਮਰਪਿਤ | ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ ਗੁਰਮਿਤ ਸਮਾਗਮ | ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰਾ ਈਸ਼ਰ ਪ੍ਰਕਾਸ਼ ਰਤਵਾੜਾ ਸਾਹਿਬ | 05/06/2022| LIVE | ADUTEE SHAHADAT PANCHAM PATSAH, DHAN DHAN SAHIB SHRI GURU ARJAN DEV JI | VISHESH GURMAT SAMAGAM | GURDWARA ISHER PARKASH RATWARA SAHIB | 05/06/2022.

Talk on Parkash Purab of Guru Arjan Dev Ji | Bibi Prableen Kaur Ji | Sikh Discord

In this episode hear how Mata Ganga Ji passes away in the city of Bakala. This relates to Chapter 62 of Raas 5.

Jahangir began his reign in 1606 by having the leader of the Sikhs, Guru Arjan, tortured and killed. Jahangir was also said to have demanded that Arjan include passages from the Qur'an in Adi Granth, the Sikh scripture. Again following the practice of previous jihad rulers, Jahangir ordered contempt to be shown to the gods of the conquered people: “Their idol was thrown down on the uppermost step of the mosque, that it might be trodden upon by those who came to say their daily prayers there. By this order of the Emperor, the infidels were exceedingly disgraced, and Islam exalted.” --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/bharatpodcast/message

ਗੁਰੂ ਅਰਜਨ ਦੇਵ ਜੀ ਦਾ ਗੁਰਗੱਦੀ ਦਿਵਸ Gurta Gaddi Divas Guru Arjan DevSahib ji Podcast by Gurinder Kaur Australia www.singhstation.net

Please be aware that the extreme nature of this story may be too much for some children's sensitivities. Consider listening first before sharing with very young children. read more

Nothing in this world lasts forever. Everything is temporary… well there is something that actually does last forever, do you know what that is?   The truth.  Truth lasts forever. And the teachings of the True Guru are perfectly true. And do you know what happens when the world is confronted with Truth? The world freaks out. So you can imagine how much the world freaked out with Guru Arjan Dev, who wrote banis like Sukhmani Sahib, and who compiled the whole Aad Granth! Because he delivered the Ultimate Truth to the world, the worst ugliness and violence of the world came for him. But he knew these forces would come and accepted it as part of God's Will. The world used two main people to create the drama of ugliness and violence. One was the emperor and one was a person in the emperor's court. His name was Chandu, ... https://www.sikhnet.com/stories/guru-arjan-dev-sacrifices-truth (Read the story) Support this podcast

414 years ago, our 5th Guru- Guru Arjan Dev Ji was brutally martyred on Jahangir's orders, making Him the first Shaheed in the history of Sikhism. On the occasion of Shaheedi Purab of Guru Arjan Dev Ji, we pay homage to His sacrifice by diving into history and knowing who all conspired against Him, leading to His unfortunate death. Tune in to know more!

Bhai Gopal was a simple man. He was a very loving devoted Sikh of Guru Arjun Dev Ji, the 5th Guru. He worked honestly at his job. He kept a storage area. Everyone trusted him with their stuff, and he would store it for them. One time a man named Jamaal Khan came to his storage place to leave 500 gold coins for storage. But being busy that day, he forgot to write it down and to store the coins. Later, Jamaal Khan came back and asked for his stuff to be returned. Bhai Gopal looked around for Jamaal Khan's coins but didn't find them. He asked Jamaal Khan if he was sure that he asked Bhai Gopal to store his coins. Jamaal Khan got angry and said “You stood right there and told me that you would take care of my stuff. What kind of a fool do you think I am?!” So Bhai Gopal went and checked again but he still didn't find the coins, Jamaal Khan brought Bhai Gopal to the Emperor. The Emperor knew that Bhai Gopal was a Sikh of the Guru and that he would not lie. He also knew that Jamaal Khan wouldn't lie either. So he had an idea. He asked for a big bowl to be filled with hot oil and a coin. He then said that both of you will have to try to pick out the coin from inside the bowl of boiling oil. Both men were shocked. So Bhai Gopal folded his hands in prayer and said “Guru Ji, you are my protector, you always take care of me when I am in need. I know you will save me now.” Saying this he reached his hand out and began to put it in the burning hot oil and he got the coin out. His hand was not hurt or burned at all! Jamaal Khan folded his hands in prayer to all saints for help, protection, and safety. After his prayers to several saints, he reached his hand in the pot to try and get the coin at the bottom. He barely touched the oil and yelled, “Ouch My fingers It hurts” He immediately got burned. Sometime later Bhai Gopal found Jamaal Khan's coins in a corner of his storage building. He rushed over to tell him, but Jamaal Khan refused to take the coins saying that Bhai Gopal got him embarrassed in front of the Emperor and asked Bhai Gopal to keep the coins. Bhai Gopal said, “I'm a Sikh of the Guru, I can't take what's not mine.” Jamaal Khan agreed to take the coins on one condition that Bhai Gopal will take him to meet his Guru. So Bhai Gopal took Jamaal Khan to meet the Guru. Jamaal asked Guruji that both of us were being honest. I got burned and he didn't. Why is that?” Guruji told him, “When Bhai Gopal did his ardas, he did it with total faith. When you prayed, you called several saints but you didn't have total faith in just one.” Jamaal Khan was amazed the Guru knew his thoughts. Both men felt very high being in the presence of the Guru. Moral - The universe answers our prayers to the same amount we know that it will. A person who prays with a pure heart, with their whole being, and with a deep focus of their mind, truly that person's prayers will come to be. https://chimesradio.com   http://onelink.to/8uzr4g   https://www.instagram.com/vrchimesradio/   https://www.facebook.com/chimesradio/   Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/chimesradio See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Guru Arjun Dev ji did a lot of work for the development of Sikhism. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/balwinder-soni/message

Salok Mahala 9 are the saloks by the ninth Sikh Guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur which form the concluding portion of the Guru Granth Sahib. They precede Guru Arjan's Mundavani and appear from page 1426 to 1429 of the Sikh holy Granth. This composition consists of 57 (fifty seven) saloks and span just 4 pages of Gurbani. Recited by - Bibi Gurinder Kaur & Bibi Saravjeet Kaur Australia

In this episode hear how Guru Hargobind and Emperor Jahangir have a discussion about the minister Chandu, who was responsible for Guru Arjan's Shahidi. This relates to Chapter 2 of Raas 5.

While replying to Bhagat Surdas's advice to relinquish the company of cynics and infidels, Guru Arjan emphasizes that the preservation of your beliefs is decided by the strength of your convictions. This very same principle should be the guiding light of the Sikhs today where multiculturalism has become an euphemism for forced assimilation. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/the-sikh-renaissance/message

In this episode hear how the five Sikhs return to Amritsar to tell the young Hargobind and the Sikh congregation about the passing of Guru Arjan, and hear the vow of revenge that the Exalted Hargobind proclaims. This relates to Chapter 39 and 40 of Raas 4.

In this episode hear how Guru Arjan leaves the world, and how the funeral rites are performed by the five Sikhs, Bidhi Chand, Jetha, Langaha, Pirana and Paira. This relates to Chapter 37 and 38 of Raas 4.

In this episode hear how Guru Arjan is visited by Gorakh Nath, Muslim Pirs and Chandu's daughter in law along with the third and final day of torture where the Guru is sat upon a red hot iron plate. This relates to Chapter 36 of Raas 4.

In this episode hear how the daughter in law of Chandu comes to visit Guru Arjan and how the vile Chandu continues his vicious torture of Guru. This relates to Chapter 35 of Raas 4.

In this episode hear how Guru Arjan was imprisoned by Chandu and the discussion they have before Chandu begins his vicious torture of the Guru. This relates to Chapter 34 of Raas 4.

In this episode hear how Guru Arjan meets with Jahangir, where the Guru answers a question by Jahangir with the shabad 'Koe Bolai Ram Ram Koe Khudaie'. This relates to Chapter 33 of Raas 4.

In this episode hear how Guru Arjan and the five Sikhs are treated by Sadhu in Lahore, and the conversation between Guru Arjan and Guru Amardas Ji's grandson, Arthmal. This relates to Chapter 32 of Raas 4.

Sikh writings address many themes, including rejecting the world's false attachments and waking up to our spiritual purpose. This world is sunk in doubts and vices, but the enlightened can swim across. The one who is woken, the one who is given a sip of elixir, knows the story that cannot be told.Make that transaction for which you came into this world, through the Guru, deposit the Divine in your mind.Guru Arjan from “The Hymn of Praise,” Sikh scripture

In this episode hear the last interaction Guru Arjan has with his wife Mata Ganga before he heads off to Lahore with five Sikhs: Bidhi Chand, Jetha, Langaha, Pirana and Paira. This relates to Chapter 31 of Raas 4.

Day 22 of Healing with Tuhi Tuhi Kirtan / Veechar sessions dedicated to the victims of COVID-19 on Facebook Live. Shabads: Japyo Jinh Arajun Dhaev Guroo Fir Sankatt Jon Garabh N Aayo - Ang 1409 SGGS'Ji - Bhatt Mathura Santhaa Kae Kaaraj Aap Khaloeiaa Har Kanm Karaavan Aaeiaa Raam - Ang 783 SGGS'Ji - Raag Suhi - Guru Arjan Dev Sahib Ji Poothaa Maathaa Kee Aasees - Ang 496 SGGS'Ji - Raag Goojree - Guru Arjan Dev Sahib Ji --------------- Facebook Live Video: https://www.facebook.com/TuhiTuhi/videos/3043238472406295 Studio albums and world tour live sessions: Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2Xny273 iTunes: https://apple.co/2IMg2dg Google Play: http://bit.ly/tuhituhi-googleplay

In this episode hear Guru Arjan receives a letter from Jahangir, how he understands that the end of his life is approaching and how he bestows the title of Guru to a young 11 year old Hargobind in the presence of Baba Budha Ji and Bhai Gurdas. This relates to Raas 4 Chapter 30.

In this episode hear how Guru Hargobind, before passing away, instructs, for the final time, the entire Sikh congregation by reciting a passage written by his father, Guru Arjan in Raag Maru. This relates to Chapter 57 of Raas 8.

In this episode, Bidhi Chand takes initiation from Guru Arjan, and receives the teachings that if he cannot leave the life of a thief due to habit then steal for the welfare of others. This relates to Chapter 2, Raas 8.

Hargobind, the young son of the late Guru Arjan ascends to the throne of Guru Nanak. His Sikhs are startled when he sets the traditional appurtenances of his station aside and dons twin swords. He creates the Akal Bunga which will go on to become an enduring symbol of Sikh sovereignty. The Guru is imprisoned by the Emperor Jahangir in Gwalior fort, from where he triumphantly emerges after freeing 52 kings, also held captive by the emperor.

With so many religions in the world it can be hard to keep up with what everyone believes. Religiously Literate is here to help! Join Jay and Ryan on this episode as Jay shares some of his experiences in India while visiting the holiest site in Sikhism. In this episode, we discuss Sikhism, including an overview of history, general beliefs, rituals, and Jay's visits to gurdwaras in India and the United States. SHOW NOTES: Adi Granth (also known as Guru Granth Sahib) - The most sacred text of Sikh faith. Initially complied by Guru Arjan in 1604. Five Ks - Markers of Sikh identity that include: Kesh - Uncut hair Kanga - Wooden comb for top knot Kirpan - Sword Kara - Iron bracelet Kaccha - Underwear Gurdwara - The Sikh house of worship Langar - The community kitchen and meal that is served to the community Singh, Pashaura. “Sikhism: Practicing Tradition Today.” In South Asian Religions: Tradition and Today, edited by Karen Pechilis and Selva J. Raj. London ; New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2013. The 10 human Gurus with birth and death dates Guru Nanak (1469-1539) Guru Angad (1504-1552) Guru Amar Das (1497-1574) Guru Ram Das (1534-1581) Guru Arjan (1563-1606) Guru Hargobind (1595-1644) Guru Har Rai (1630-1631) Guru Harkrishan (1655-1664) Guru Tegh Bahadur (1621-1675) Guru Gobind Singh (1666-1708) Sikh drivers are transforming U.S. trucking. Take a ride along the Punjabi American highway LA Times, 2019. Punjab Region Map Sikh Distribution Map Things Not to Say to Sikh People video Who Are the Sikhs video Sikhism (World Religions and Spirituality Project) Music used in this episode is City of Jewels by Destiny & Time

In Episode 028, we discuss Guru Arjan Dev Ji’s shaheedi, Raptors and much more. 00:01:03 Raptors 00:03:58 “Celebs” 00:06:18 Bill 21 in Quebec 00:12:17 Climate is the enemy 00:16:17 Social clout 00:21:04 Guru Arjan Dev Ji’s shaheedi 00:31:59 #IncredibleIndia 00:40:03 Pir worshipping 00:46:28 Quam Podcast group chat 00:49:06 Visual spark All episodes are available on Apple Podcasts, SoundCloud, Spotify and YouTube via www.Veerhood.com. #ForTheKaum

Renaissance and Reformation               Spanish and Portuguese Empires: get out of my ocean   Gabe The Spanish and Portuguese are kind of the start to a lot of global trade but more so the Portuguese empire because they were more interested in trade then acquiring land and so what they would do is set up these things called factories which were a lot like warehouses for trading outposts and they set these up along there trade route which went from portugal all the way to the bottom of africa and back up to japan which was the route vasco da gama created and they found that the chinese wanted silver to reinforce there paper money and they saw this as a great trade opportunity and they would go and trade china's goods of basically anything for silver from japan to china   Ben - During the Spanish golden age, are and literature flourished. This was also during the Italian Renaissance, around the year 1492. The same year that Christopher Columbus discovered America. A famous European artist of this time was Diego Velázquez. He made various works for the royals of Spain that showcased his immense skill in talent.   Ella - In America, people often worked on plantations and in mines. The work they did was really harsh and difficult that sometimes people would die doing it.  But it resulted in a large increase in production. And with that came the need for more labor so they began to use enslaved africans which brought West Africa into these trading networks and relationships with the spanish and portuguese.   Audrey -  In 1598 a fleet of Dutch ships left the Netherlands to trade. A sailor aboard one of these ships was an Englishman named William Adams. The fleet sailed down the coast of Africa and made a stop off the coast of West Africa to trade, and this was very common for the European ships at the time. When they left there they sailed around South America ending up off the coast of Peru. At this point William Adams began keeping a journal and it says “It was agreed that we should leave the coast of Peru and direct our course for Japan. Having understood that cloth was good merchandise there and also how upon that coast of Peru the king’s ships were out seeking us.” The king that Adams was referring to was the king of Spain and this worried the fleet because Peru was a Spanish colony at the time and Spain and the Netherlands were at war. This just shows how interconnected the economy was at the time with how they new where a place was how to get there and what items would be beneficial to trade there. (Sorry its so long) Emma - Prior to the beginning of the African slave trade, certain areas in Africa already held an important role in the Renaissance era global economy. West Africa in particular, played a part in the Spanish and Portuguese trade of items such as gold and ivory, as well as some spices. All of these items were highly desired by people of many cultures and were seen as symbols of wealth and luxury.   Skylar - William Adams sailed from West Africa to Peru, to Japan. When they arrived in Japan the Emperor put Adams in prison. These Portuguese Priests were in Japan and were trying to get the emperor to agree to let William Adams out of prison. Finally the Emperor agreed and said he would trade with him, but he had to help his army build ships.   Ethan- In Brazil their economic power comes from their sugar plantations towards the north. This changed when they struck gold in 1693. This was found inward on Brazil in the region of Minas Gerais.  Them finding gold triggered the Americans desire to find gold in America. This struck down Brazil’s financial status for most of the 18th century. Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment: Gabe - The Scientific Revolution started around the early 1500s when copernicus says hey what if we aren't the center of attention what if the sun and we are revolving around it and not it around us which questions everything they believed and this kind of ended around the late 1600s when newton publishes the principia which describes our universe and around this time people began to question old beliefs that had been around since forever which began the Age of Enlightenment Ben - The Age of Enlightenment was also called the Age of Reason. Historians from France usually place this period at around 1715, but other historians from around the world think it happened in around 1620. Corresponding with the scientific revolution. Ella - The reasons the Enlightenment started was not only because we had new tools of thinking but that it was almost a responsibility of the society now that they had scientific information that they could apply to there current information. Audrey - The Age of Enlightenment was a very philosophical time when people really started questioning their rights and their obligations especially considering their social status, like why this person had the right to rule why others had to be slaves and why the upper class could own them.   Emma - During this new philosophical era, many “modern” philosophers began to emerge. One of these was John Locke, the writer of the Second Treatise Concerning Civil Government. This document expressed his beliefs on how people should treat one anGovernmentother. For example, one passage said this; “...when his own preservation comes not in competition, ought he, as much as he can, to preserve the rest of mankind, and may not, unless it be to do justice on an offender, take away, or impair the life, the liberty, health, limb, or goods of another.” This kind of thinking was growing larger in popularity during this time.   Ethan- The Scientific Revolution with things like the heliocentric theory that we use today. This was the first theory that said the universe revolved around something other than the Earth. The barometer was also invented during this time. The bifocal lens was also a great invention because it let people have the ability to see both far and near.7. Skylar - im going to talk about Thomas Hobbes. Thomas was a english writer, who was inspired by experimental attitude toward nature and decided to apply it to politics.  In 1651 he wrote Leviathan, a title he chose after the sea monster from the Book of Job. Thomas thought that humans in their original state of nature were unhappy. He supported an absolute monarch government, but didn’t support the Divine Right theory government. He didn’t support that kind of government because he believed that you need protection from yourself.   Mughal rule in India:   Gabe - The Mughal Rule Starts in Samarkand around early 1500s which babur who is Timur's great grandsons grandson tries taking and fails and he tries to take Fergana and fails and he does this a couple times before he goes to Kabul and conquers it in the early 1600s which after taking Kabul he starts focusing on more India then he does Asia and he even later on defeated Ibrahim Lodi at Delhi taking control over northern india.    Ella - One of the rulers Humayun had trouble retaining power because of multiple family rivalries. Eventually the Pashtun Suri dynasty dethrones him. He was able to regain control for a while with the help from the safavids but unfortunately tripped on a staircase and died.   Audrey - Shah Jahan was the son of Jahangir therefor Akbar’s grandson and he lived from 1592-1666 AD. Where both Akbar and Jahangir were said to be very tolerant rulers Shah Jahan was known to be considerably less tolerant. His rule was known as the golden age of Mughal architecture one of his greatest structures being the Taj Mahal. It was built in the 1630’s in Agra which at some point was the capitol. Shah Jahan had the Taj Mahal built as a home for the body of his wife who had died just before.   Emma - The Mughal Empire was an example of an Indo-Persian culture, a combination of both the Indian and Persian cultures of the surrounding areas. Examples of this can be seen in art and architecture of the time period which showed influences from both of these distinct cultures.   Ethan- The Mughal Empire was the 3rd largest empire on the Indian subcontinent to ever exist, alongside the British Indian Empire and the Maurya Empire. This empire expanded 4 million square kilometers.  The largest expansion of this empire was when Aurangzeb ruled, with over 150 million subjects.   Skylar - In 1483 Babur is born, who becomes the leader of Fergana at age 12. He tries to take over multiple different places, and never won. Finally in the early 16th century he is able to take control over Kabul. When akbar became the leader he was able to add quite a bit more territory to the Mughal empire.   Sikhism:  Gabe - Sikhism starts in punjab around the time that the Mughals are coming into power with a man named guru Nanak and his followers are called sikhs which is from the sanskrit word sikh which means to learn Ella - Eventually The Sikhs have a large increase in following from Hindus and Muslims. Jahangir becomes threatened by them so he decides to imprison and torture Guru Arjan in an attempt to make him convert to Islam. Despite being boiled and tortured he would not consent and he eventually died.kicking in the basement guess who Audrey - Guru Arjan played an important part in Sikhism with the making of the Adi Granth which is a compilation of the sayings and hymns from previous gurus including his own so essentially the holy book of Sikhism. Guru Arjan also built the Harmandir Sahib in Ramdaspur a place later known as Amritsar which was intended as a place of worship for people of all religions and they had the tradition of Langar where they would feed anyone from any faith. The Harmandir Sahib would later be known as the Golden Temple after Raja had it plated with gold and it is now the largest free kitchen in the world. Skylar - The Sikhism is started in the 15th century by Guru Nanak. Guru was born into a merchant class Hindu family, he was precocious especially when talking about spirituality, meaning he was extremely religious. Emma - The Bhakti Movement of the Mughal Empire was a major influence of the development of Sikhism. The Bhakti Movement was a theistic that originated from Hinduism in Medieval times. However, it was not a direct branch from the movement. Ethan- All Sikh believe that faith and meditation are essentials in their lives. They also believe in divine unity and equality of humankind. Now there are close to 25 million Sikhs worldwide and many of them have stayed in Punjab. The last guru was Guru Gobind Singh and named the Sikhs scripture Guru Granth Sahib. 7. The Protestant Reformation: Ella -  Pope Leo X wanted to rebuild Saint Peter's Basilica which given to Peter from Christ himself. The cost to rebuild it was very high because it was one of the greatest architectural structures of the time. They planned to afford it by selling indulgences or pieces of paper that supposedly helped you get into heaven faster.  Gabe - The Protestant Reformation is when the church went from just the Roman Catholic church too methodist, baptist, lutheran, congregationalist, and presbyterian churches these were some of the churches that came out of the Protestant Reformation Audrey - Martin Luther, who was a German monk and a professor of theology at the University of Wittenberg, was tired of people saying since they bought indulgences, which were pieces of paper that could supposedly get you to Heaven quicker, they were freed of all their sins. As a monk Martin Luther did not like the idea of people trying to take the easy way out by buying their way to Heaven so he wrote a series of arguments on the issues of selling indulgences better known as the 95 Theses and it is said that he nailed it to the doors of the castle church in Wittenberg. Skylar - The protestant reformation started in 1517. The reformation started by Martin Luther. Then later on other leaders were Huldrych Zwingli and John Calvin. The Protestant Reformation lasted until the end of the Thirty Years war, which ended in 1648. Emma - The reformation was a distinct change from the practices and beliefs of the  Catholic Church. They very much believed that your actions impacted if and when you got to Heaven. This was what martin Luther was addressing with his writings, saying that the sinful nature was unavoidable and that faith alone can save us. Ethan- The Reformation ended around the time of the end of the 30 years war. The war ended in 1648. By this time the society of Western Christianity had split into many different “churches” like Catholic, Lutheran, and Anglican, just to name a few. 7.   The Russian Empire - Ella - Modern day Sweden was once the home of the Vikings. They would travel around Western Europe by sea and attack and steal from towns on the coast. The Vikings were also known for their trading. There were many water routes from Sweden to common trading countries such as Baghdad and Constantinople. Large amounts of viking jewelry was found along these rivers. Gabe - The Russian empire began with the varangians which were vikings being pushed back to Sweden but there was chaos in the northern slav area and it is said that they went to the varangians and asked them to rule over them because there is no order and so 3 people were pick Rurik being the oldest settles in Novograd and calls the land Rus which many people believe is where the word Russia comes from and on his death Rurik appoints Oleg as his successor and Oleg settles in Kiev expanding Rus to Kiev Rus Skylar - The Russian Empire was officially proclaimed by Tsar Peter I, (the first, skylar do NOT say 1)following the Treaty of Nystad, which was in 1721. The Russian Empire was strong and alive well before that though, 1478 is when most believe in was truly established. The Russian Empire is the third largest in the world. It contains three different continents. Sometimes the Russian Empire is also known as Imperial Russia. Audrey - The word Rus is thought by most historians to be the origin of the word Russia. But where did the word Rus come from? Historians have come up with many answers for this question. Some believe that the word Rus came from the name of Sweden at the time since that’s where Rus was, and some think the the Rus were a group of vikings. Emma - The inhabitants of the Land of Rus are said to have come from two groups of people that resided in what is now Russia. These two groups were the Eastern Slavs and the Varangians. However, there were many other groups of Slavs that made up the other nations that now exist in the area. Ethan- The Russian Empire lasted from 1721-1917. The Empire took up 14 million square miles and was ruled autocratically. It had over 170 million people and 100 different backgrounds. The capital of the Russian Empire is St Petersburg. Most of the population consisted of serfs until 1861 when Alexander II set them free. This Emancipation did not change the conditions for the peasant populus.

Renaissance and Reformation               Spanish and Portuguese Empires: get out of my ocean   Gabe The Spanish and Portuguese are kind of the start to a lot of global trade but more so the Portuguese empire because they were more interested in trade then acquiring land and so what they would do is set up these things called factories which were a lot like warehouses for trading outposts and they set these up along there trade route which went from portugal all the way to the bottom of africa and back up to japan which was the route vasco da gama created and they found that the chinese wanted silver to reinforce there paper money and they saw this as a great trade opportunity and they would go and trade china's goods of basically anything for silver from japan to china   Ben - During the Spanish golden age, are and literature flourished. This was also during the Italian Renaissance, around the year 1492. The same year that Christopher Columbus discovered America. A famous European artist of this time was Diego Velázquez. He made various works for the royals of Spain that showcased his immense skill in talent.   Ella - In America, people often worked on plantations and in mines. The work they did was really harsh and difficult that sometimes people would die doing it.  But it resulted in a large increase in production. And with that came the need for more labor so they began to use enslaved africans which brought West Africa into these trading networks and relationships with the spanish and portuguese.   Audrey -  In 1598 a fleet of Dutch ships left the Netherlands to trade. A sailor aboard one of these ships was an Englishman named William Adams. The fleet sailed down the coast of Africa and made a stop off the coast of West Africa to trade, and this was very common for the European ships at the time. When they left there they sailed around South America ending up off the coast of Peru. At this point William Adams began keeping a journal and it says “It was agreed that we should leave the coast of Peru and direct our course for Japan. Having understood that cloth was good merchandise there and also how upon that coast of Peru the king’s ships were out seeking us.” The king that Adams was referring to was the king of Spain and this worried the fleet because Peru was a Spanish colony at the time and Spain and the Netherlands were at war. This just shows how interconnected the economy was at the time with how they new where a place was how to get there and what items would be beneficial to trade there. (Sorry its so long) Emma - Prior to the beginning of the African slave trade, certain areas in Africa already held an important role in the Renaissance era global economy. West Africa in particular, played a part in the Spanish and Portuguese trade of items such as gold and ivory, as well as some spices. All of these items were highly desired by people of many cultures and were seen as symbols of wealth and luxury.   Skylar - William Adams sailed from West Africa to Peru, to Japan. When they arrived in Japan the Emperor put Adams in prison. These Portuguese Priests were in Japan and were trying to get the emperor to agree to let William Adams out of prison. Finally the Emperor agreed and said he would trade with him, but he had to help his army build ships.   Ethan- In Brazil their economic power comes from their sugar plantations towards the north. This changed when they struck gold in 1693. This was found inward on Brazil in the region of Minas Gerais.  Them finding gold triggered the Americans desire to find gold in America. This struck down Brazil’s financial status for most of the 18th century. Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment: Gabe - The Scientific Revolution started around the early 1500s when copernicus says hey what if we aren't the center of attention what if the sun and we are revolving around it and not it around us which questions everything they believed and this kind of ended around the late 1600s when newton publishes the principia which describes our universe and around this time people began to question old beliefs that had been around since forever which began the Age of Enlightenment Ben - The Age of Enlightenment was also called the Age of Reason. Historians from France usually place this period at around 1715, but other historians from around the world think it happened in around 1620. Corresponding with the scientific revolution. Ella - The reasons the Enlightenment started was not only because we had new tools of thinking but that it was almost a responsibility of the society now that they had scientific information that they could apply to there current information. Audrey - The Age of Enlightenment was a very philosophical time when people really started questioning their rights and their obligations especially considering their social status, like why this person had the right to rule why others had to be slaves and why the upper class could own them.   Emma - During this new philosophical era, many “modern” philosophers began to emerge. One of these was John Locke, the writer of the Second Treatise Concerning Civil Government. This document expressed his beliefs on how people should treat one anGovernmentother. For example, one passage said this; “...when his own preservation comes not in competition, ought he, as much as he can, to preserve the rest of mankind, and may not, unless it be to do justice on an offender, take away, or impair the life, the liberty, health, limb, or goods of another.” This kind of thinking was growing larger in popularity during this time.   Ethan- The Scientific Revolution with things like the heliocentric theory that we use today. This was the first theory that said the universe revolved around something other than the Earth. The barometer was also invented during this time. The bifocal lens was also a great invention because it let people have the ability to see both far and near.7. Skylar - im going to talk about Thomas Hobbes. Thomas was a english writer, who was inspired by experimental attitude toward nature and decided to apply it to politics.  In 1651 he wrote Leviathan, a title he chose after the sea monster from the Book of Job. Thomas thought that humans in their original state of nature were unhappy. He supported an absolute monarch government, but didn’t support the Divine Right theory government. He didn’t support that kind of government because he believed that you need protection from yourself.   Mughal rule in India:   Gabe - The Mughal Rule Starts in Samarkand around early 1500s which babur who is Timur's great grandsons grandson tries taking and fails and he tries to take Fergana and fails and he does this a couple times before he goes to Kabul and conquers it in the early 1600s which after taking Kabul he starts focusing on more India then he does Asia and he even later on defeated Ibrahim Lodi at Delhi taking control over northern india.    Ella - One of the rulers Humayun had trouble retaining power because of multiple family rivalries. Eventually the Pashtun Suri dynasty dethrones him. He was able to regain control for a while with the help from the safavids but unfortunately tripped on a staircase and died.   Audrey - Shah Jahan was the son of Jahangir therefor Akbar’s grandson and he lived from 1592-1666 AD. Where both Akbar and Jahangir were said to be very tolerant rulers Shah Jahan was known to be considerably less tolerant. His rule was known as the golden age of Mughal architecture one of his greatest structures being the Taj Mahal. It was built in the 1630’s in Agra which at some point was the capitol. Shah Jahan had the Taj Mahal built as a home for the body of his wife who had died just before.   Emma - The Mughal Empire was an example of an Indo-Persian culture, a combination of both the Indian and Persian cultures of the surrounding areas. Examples of this can be seen in art and architecture of the time period which showed influences from both of these distinct cultures.   Ethan- The Mughal Empire was the 3rd largest empire on the Indian subcontinent to ever exist, alongside the British Indian Empire and the Maurya Empire. This empire expanded 4 million square kilometers.  The largest expansion of this empire was when Aurangzeb ruled, with over 150 million subjects.   Skylar - In 1483 Babur is born, who becomes the leader of Fergana at age 12. He tries to take over multiple different places, and never won. Finally in the early 16th century he is able to take control over Kabul. When akbar became the leader he was able to add quite a bit more territory to the Mughal empire.   Sikhism:  Gabe - Sikhism starts in punjab around the time that the Mughals are coming into power with a man named guru Nanak and his followers are called sikhs which is from the sanskrit word sikh which means to learn Ella - Eventually The Sikhs have a large increase in following from Hindus and Muslims. Jahangir becomes threatened by them so he decides to imprison and torture Guru Arjan in an attempt to make him convert to Islam. Despite being boiled and tortured he would not consent and he eventually died.kicking in the basement guess who Audrey - Guru Arjan played an important part in Sikhism with the making of the Adi Granth which is a compilation of the sayings and hymns from previous gurus including his own so essentially the holy book of Sikhism. Guru Arjan also built the Harmandir Sahib in Ramdaspur a place later known as Amritsar which was intended as a place of worship for people of all religions and they had the tradition of Langar where they would feed anyone from any faith. The Harmandir Sahib would later be known as the Golden Temple after Raja had it plated with gold and it is now the largest free kitchen in the world. Skylar - The Sikhism is started in the 15th century by Guru Nanak. Guru was born into a merchant class Hindu family, he was precocious especially when talking about spirituality, meaning he was extremely religious. Emma - The Bhakti Movement of the Mughal Empire was a major influence of the development of Sikhism. The Bhakti Movement was a theistic that originated from Hinduism in Medieval times. However, it was not a direct branch from the movement. Ethan- All Sikh believe that faith and meditation are essentials in their lives. They also believe in divine unity and equality of humankind. Now there are close to 25 million Sikhs worldwide and many of them have stayed in Punjab. The last guru was Guru Gobind Singh and named the Sikhs scripture Guru Granth Sahib. 7. The Protestant Reformation: Ella -  Pope Leo X wanted to rebuild Saint Peter's Basilica which given to Peter from Christ himself. The cost to rebuild it was very high because it was one of the greatest architectural structures of the time. They planned to afford it by selling indulgences or pieces of paper that supposedly helped you get into heaven faster.  Gabe - The Protestant Reformation is when the church went from just the Roman Catholic church too methodist, baptist, lutheran, congregationalist, and presbyterian churches these were some of the churches that came out of the Protestant Reformation Audrey - Martin Luther, who was a German monk and a professor of theology at the University of Wittenberg, was tired of people saying since they bought indulgences, which were pieces of paper that could supposedly get you to Heaven quicker, they were freed of all their sins. As a monk Martin Luther did not like the idea of people trying to take the easy way out by buying their way to Heaven so he wrote a series of arguments on the issues of selling indulgences better known as the 95 Theses and it is said that he nailed it to the doors of the castle church in Wittenberg. Skylar - The protestant reformation started in 1517. The reformation started by Martin Luther. Then later on other leaders were Huldrych Zwingli and John Calvin. The Protestant Reformation lasted until the end of the Thirty Years war, which ended in 1648. Emma - The reformation was a distinct change from the practices and beliefs of the  Catholic Church. They very much believed that your actions impacted if and when you got to Heaven. This was what martin Luther was addressing with his writings, saying that the sinful nature was unavoidable and that faith alone can save us. Ethan- The Reformation ended around the time of the end of the 30 years war. The war ended in 1648. By this time the society of Western Christianity had split into many different “churches” like Catholic, Lutheran, and Anglican, just to name a few. 7.   The Russian Empire - Ella - Modern day Sweden was once the home of the Vikings. They would travel around Western Europe by sea and attack and steal from towns on the coast. The Vikings were also known for their trading. There were many water routes from Sweden to common trading countries such as Baghdad and Constantinople. Large amounts of viking jewelry was found along these rivers. Gabe - The Russian empire began with the varangians which were vikings being pushed back to Sweden but there was chaos in the northern slav area and it is said that they went to the varangians and asked them to rule over them because there is no order and so 3 people were pick Rurik being the oldest settles in Novograd and calls the land Rus which many people believe is where the word Russia comes from and on his death Rurik appoints Oleg as his successor and Oleg settles in Kiev expanding Rus to Kiev Rus Skylar - The Russian Empire was officially proclaimed by Tsar Peter I, (the first, skylar do NOT say 1)following the Treaty of Nystad, which was in 1721. The Russian Empire was strong and alive well before that though, 1478 is when most believe in was truly established. The Russian Empire is the third largest in the world. It contains three different continents. Sometimes the Russian Empire is also known as Imperial Russia. Audrey - The word Rus is thought by most historians to be the origin of the word Russia. But where did the word Rus come from? Historians have come up with many answers for this question. Some believe that the word Rus came from the name of Sweden at the time since that’s where Rus was, and some think the the Rus were a group of vikings. Emma - The inhabitants of the Land of Rus are said to have come from two groups of people that resided in what is now Russia. These two groups were the Eastern Slavs and the Varangians. However, there were many other groups of Slavs that made up the other nations that now exist in the area. Ethan- The Russian Empire lasted from 1721-1917. The Empire took up 14 million square miles and was ruled autocratically. It had over 170 million people and 100 different backgrounds. The capital of the Russian Empire is St Petersburg. Most of the population consisted of serfs until 1861 when Alexander II set them free. This Emancipation did not change the conditions for the peasant populus.

In a new podcast series The 12 Gurus: From 1469 to Infinity, SikhRI sheds light on the lives and meaning of Gurus in Sikhi. Were they spiritualists and reformers or Divine and Revolutionaries? What lessons can we draw from them? How do they teach us to think? The series introduces Gurus as masters of fine arts, builders of cities, deliverers of justice, coordinators of Seva and an overarching gateway to freedom and equality. It touches on the singular and harmonized Jot and Jugat as well as varied and diverse physical and temporal forms to provide a holistic understanding of the Gurus' fundamental nature. In this eposide we dive into the world of Guru Arjan who continues Guru Nanak's mission: Compiled Ādi Granth (Bhāī Gurdās) Established Darbār Sāhib – Sikh Center(SāīM MiāM Mīr, Bābā BuDhā) Social causes protest Famine in Panjab, Challenge unfair taxation Founded Taran Tāran Embraced Martyrdom   Guest: Inderpreet Singh (@jomarzii) Host: Manpreet Singh (@mjassal) --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/the-sikh-cast-sikhri/support

Guru Arjan, in his crowning achievement, creates the Guru Granth Sahib, the egalitarian scripture of the Sikhs, with contributions from the Sikh Gurus as well as enlightened souls from other faiths. Prithi Chand tries to convince the Emperor Akbar that Guru Arjan's new scripture is blasphemous and disrespectful of Islam and Hinduism.

Guru Arjan establishes the Har Mandar Sahib, popularly known as The Golden Temple, which will become the most prominent place of worship for the Sikh faith and a symbol of its endurance. The Guru's wife, Mata Ganga, distraught at being childless is sent to seek the blessing of Bhai Buddha, a venerable old Sikh, who has served the faith from the time of Guru Nanak.

From the tragic martyrdom of Guru Arjan rises a great institution that will forever define the character of Sikhs and Sikhism. The poignant story of Guru Arjan and his beloved disciple the Sufi saint Miyan Mir.

There is a long tradition of the study of Sikhism in Western academia. However, historiographical accounts still lack a clear vision of the early formation of the tradition. Rahuldeep Singh Gill, Associate Professor of Religion at California Lutheran University, addresses this lacuna in Drinking From Love’s Cup: Surrender and Sacrifice in the Vars of Bhai Gurdas Bhalla (Oxford University Press, 2017). Through a detailed analysis and lucid translation of the literary tradition of Bhai Gurdas Bhalla (d. 1636), the tradition’s most important poet, Gill challenges and critiques current modes of Sikh scholarship. Bhai Gurdas’ poetry shaped early Sikh theology and practice, providing an emotive lexicon for communal identity. Gill highlights some of the most important of Gurdas’vars in articulating key themes in his writing, including spiritual death, martyrdom, sacrifice, and divine love. These tropes often emerge in the context of relationships with Sikh leadership, such as the martyr Guru Arjan and his son Guru Hargobind. In our conversation we discussed the state of Sikh Studies, the founding tradition around Guru Nanak and the transformations that shaped Gurdas’ life, the Sikh canon and its broader textual landscape, Islamicate influences, the manuscript tradition, practices of feet veneration, scholarly orientalism, translational practices, and interfaith engagement. Kristian Petersen is an Assistant Professor of Religious Studies at the University of Nebraska Omaha. He is the author of Interpreting Islam in China: Pilgrimage, Scripture, and Language in the Han Kitab (Oxford University Press, 2017). He is currently working on a monograph entitled The Cinematic Lives of Muslims, and is the editor of the forthcoming volumes Muslims in the Movies: A Global Anthology (ILEX Foundation) and New Approaches to Islam in Film (Routledge). You can find out more about his work on his website, follow him on Twitter @BabaKristian, or email him at kjpetersen@unomaha.edu. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

There is a long tradition of the study of Sikhism in Western academia. However, historiographical accounts still lack a clear vision of the early formation of the tradition. Rahuldeep Singh Gill, Associate Professor of Religion at California Lutheran University, addresses this lacuna in Drinking From Love’s Cup: Surrender and Sacrifice in the Vars of Bhai Gurdas Bhalla (Oxford University Press, 2017). Through a detailed analysis and lucid translation of the literary tradition of Bhai Gurdas Bhalla (d. 1636), the tradition’s most important poet, Gill challenges and critiques current modes of Sikh scholarship. Bhai Gurdas’ poetry shaped early Sikh theology and practice, providing an emotive lexicon for communal identity. Gill highlights some of the most important of Gurdas’vars in articulating key themes in his writing, including spiritual death, martyrdom, sacrifice, and divine love. These tropes often emerge in the context of relationships with Sikh leadership, such as the martyr Guru Arjan and his son Guru Hargobind. In our conversation we discussed the state of Sikh Studies, the founding tradition around Guru Nanak and the transformations that shaped Gurdas’ life, the Sikh canon and its broader textual landscape, Islamicate influences, the manuscript tradition, practices of feet veneration, scholarly orientalism, translational practices, and interfaith engagement. Kristian Petersen is an Assistant Professor of Religious Studies at the University of Nebraska Omaha. He is the author of Interpreting Islam in China: Pilgrimage, Scripture, and Language in the Han Kitab (Oxford University Press, 2017). He is currently working on a monograph entitled The Cinematic Lives of Muslims, and is the editor of the forthcoming volumes Muslims in the Movies: A Global Anthology (ILEX Foundation) and New Approaches to Islam in Film (Routledge). You can find out more about his work on his website, follow him on Twitter @BabaKristian, or email him at kjpetersen@unomaha.edu. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

There is a long tradition of the study of Sikhism in Western academia. However, historiographical accounts still lack a clear vision of the early formation of the tradition. Rahuldeep Singh Gill, Associate Professor of Religion at California Lutheran University, addresses this lacuna in Drinking From Love's Cup: Surrender and Sacrifice in the Vars of Bhai Gurdas Bhalla (Oxford University Press, 2017). Through a detailed analysis and lucid translation of the literary tradition of Bhai Gurdas Bhalla (d. 1636), the tradition's most important poet, Gill challenges and critiques current modes of Sikh scholarship. Bhai Gurdas' poetry shaped early Sikh theology and practice, providing an emotive lexicon for communal identity. Gill highlights some of the most important of Gurdas'vars in articulating key themes in his writing, including spiritual death, martyrdom, sacrifice, and divine love. These tropes often emerge in the context of relationships with Sikh leadership, such as the martyr Guru Arjan and his son Guru Hargobind. In our conversation we discussed the state of Sikh Studies, the founding tradition around Guru Nanak and the transformations that shaped Gurdas' life, the Sikh canon and its broader textual landscape, Islamicate influences, the manuscript tradition, practices of feet veneration, scholarly orientalism, translational practices, and interfaith engagement. Kristian Petersen is an Assistant Professor of Religious Studies at the University of Nebraska Omaha. He is the author of Interpreting Islam in China: Pilgrimage, Scripture, and Language in the Han Kitab (Oxford University Press, 2017). He is currently working on a monograph entitled The Cinematic Lives of Muslims, and is the editor of the forthcoming volumes Muslims in the Movies: A Global Anthology (ILEX Foundation) and New Approaches to Islam in Film (Routledge). You can find out more about his work on his website, follow him on Twitter @BabaKristian, or email him at kjpetersen@unomaha.edu.

There is a long tradition of the study of Sikhism in Western academia. However, historiographical accounts still lack a clear vision of the early formation of the tradition. Rahuldeep Singh Gill, Associate Professor of Religion at California Lutheran University, addresses this lacuna in Drinking From Love’s Cup: Surrender and Sacrifice in the Vars of Bhai Gurdas Bhalla (Oxford University Press, 2017). Through a detailed analysis and lucid translation of the literary tradition of Bhai Gurdas Bhalla (d. 1636), the tradition’s most important poet, Gill challenges and critiques current modes of Sikh scholarship. Bhai Gurdas’ poetry shaped early Sikh theology and practice, providing an emotive lexicon for communal identity. Gill highlights some of the most important of Gurdas’vars in articulating key themes in his writing, including spiritual death, martyrdom, sacrifice, and divine love. These tropes often emerge in the context of relationships with Sikh leadership, such as the martyr Guru Arjan and his son Guru Hargobind. In our conversation we discussed the state of Sikh Studies, the founding tradition around Guru Nanak and the transformations that shaped Gurdas’ life, the Sikh canon and its broader textual landscape, Islamicate influences, the manuscript tradition, practices of feet veneration, scholarly orientalism, translational practices, and interfaith engagement. Kristian Petersen is an Assistant Professor of Religious Studies at the University of Nebraska Omaha. He is the author of Interpreting Islam in China: Pilgrimage, Scripture, and Language in the Han Kitab (Oxford University Press, 2017). He is currently working on a monograph entitled The Cinematic Lives of Muslims, and is the editor of the forthcoming volumes Muslims in the Movies: A Global Anthology (ILEX Foundation) and New Approaches to Islam in Film (Routledge). You can find out more about his work on his website, follow him on Twitter @BabaKristian, or email him at kjpetersen@unomaha.edu. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

There is a long tradition of the study of Sikhism in Western academia. However, historiographical accounts still lack a clear vision of the early formation of the tradition. Rahuldeep Singh Gill, Associate Professor of Religion at California Lutheran University, addresses this lacuna in Drinking From Love’s Cup: Surrender and Sacrifice in the Vars of Bhai Gurdas Bhalla (Oxford University Press, 2017). Through a detailed analysis and lucid translation of the literary tradition of Bhai Gurdas Bhalla (d. 1636), the tradition’s most important poet, Gill challenges and critiques current modes of Sikh scholarship. Bhai Gurdas’ poetry shaped early Sikh theology and practice, providing an emotive lexicon for communal identity. Gill highlights some of the most important of Gurdas’vars in articulating key themes in his writing, including spiritual death, martyrdom, sacrifice, and divine love. These tropes often emerge in the context of relationships with Sikh leadership, such as the martyr Guru Arjan and his son Guru Hargobind. In our conversation we discussed the state of Sikh Studies, the founding tradition around Guru Nanak and the transformations that shaped Gurdas’ life, the Sikh canon and its broader textual landscape, Islamicate influences, the manuscript tradition, practices of feet veneration, scholarly orientalism, translational practices, and interfaith engagement. Kristian Petersen is an Assistant Professor of Religious Studies at the University of Nebraska Omaha. He is the author of Interpreting Islam in China: Pilgrimage, Scripture, and Language in the Han Kitab (Oxford University Press, 2017). He is currently working on a monograph entitled The Cinematic Lives of Muslims, and is the editor of the forthcoming volumes Muslims in the Movies: A Global Anthology (ILEX Foundation) and New Approaches to Islam in Film (Routledge). You can find out more about his work on his website, follow him on Twitter @BabaKristian, or email him at kjpetersen@unomaha.edu. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

There is a long tradition of the study of Sikhism in Western academia. However, historiographical accounts still lack a clear vision of the early formation of the tradition. Rahuldeep Singh Gill, Associate Professor of Religion at California Lutheran University, addresses this lacuna in Drinking From Love’s Cup: Surrender and Sacrifice in the Vars of Bhai Gurdas Bhalla (Oxford University Press, 2017). Through a detailed analysis and lucid translation of the literary tradition of Bhai Gurdas Bhalla (d. 1636), the tradition’s most important poet, Gill challenges and critiques current modes of Sikh scholarship. Bhai Gurdas’ poetry shaped early Sikh theology and practice, providing an emotive lexicon for communal identity. Gill highlights some of the most important of Gurdas’vars in articulating key themes in his writing, including spiritual death, martyrdom, sacrifice, and divine love. These tropes often emerge in the context of relationships with Sikh leadership, such as the martyr Guru Arjan and his son Guru Hargobind. In our conversation we discussed the state of Sikh Studies, the founding tradition around Guru Nanak and the transformations that shaped Gurdas’ life, the Sikh canon and its broader textual landscape, Islamicate influences, the manuscript tradition, practices of feet veneration, scholarly orientalism, translational practices, and interfaith engagement. Kristian Petersen is an Assistant Professor of Religious Studies at the University of Nebraska Omaha. He is the author of Interpreting Islam in China: Pilgrimage, Scripture, and Language in the Han Kitab (Oxford University Press, 2017). He is currently working on a monograph entitled The Cinematic Lives of Muslims, and is the editor of the forthcoming volumes Muslims in the Movies: A Global Anthology (ILEX Foundation) and New Approaches to Islam in Film (Routledge). You can find out more about his work on his website, follow him on Twitter @BabaKristian, or email him at kjpetersen@unomaha.edu. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

There is a long tradition of the study of Sikhism in Western academia. However, historiographical accounts still lack a clear vision of the early formation of the tradition. Rahuldeep Singh Gill, Associate Professor of Religion at California Lutheran University, addresses this lacuna in Drinking From Love’s Cup: Surrender and Sacrifice in the Vars of Bhai Gurdas Bhalla (Oxford University Press, 2017). Through a detailed analysis and lucid translation of the literary tradition of Bhai Gurdas Bhalla (d. 1636), the tradition’s most important poet, Gill challenges and critiques current modes of Sikh scholarship. Bhai Gurdas’ poetry shaped early Sikh theology and practice, providing an emotive lexicon for communal identity. Gill highlights some of the most important of Gurdas’vars in articulating key themes in his writing, including spiritual death, martyrdom, sacrifice, and divine love. These tropes often emerge in the context of relationships with Sikh leadership, such as the martyr Guru Arjan and his son Guru Hargobind. In our conversation we discussed the state of Sikh Studies, the founding tradition around Guru Nanak and the transformations that shaped Gurdas’ life, the Sikh canon and its broader textual landscape, Islamicate influences, the manuscript tradition, practices of feet veneration, scholarly orientalism, translational practices, and interfaith engagement. Kristian Petersen is an Assistant Professor of Religious Studies at the University of Nebraska Omaha. He is the author of Interpreting Islam in China: Pilgrimage, Scripture, and Language in the Han Kitab (Oxford University Press, 2017). He is currently working on a monograph entitled The Cinematic Lives of Muslims, and is the editor of the forthcoming volumes Muslims in the Movies: A Global Anthology (ILEX Foundation) and New Approaches to Islam in Film (Routledge). You can find out more about his work on his website, follow him on Twitter @BabaKristian, or email him at kjpetersen@unomaha.edu. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this episode, we will talk about the sixth Sikh Guru, Guru HarGobind and his unique leadership of the Sikhs after the brutal execution of Guru Arjan by the Mughal emperor Jehangir. Guru Hargobind was only 11 years old when he was appointed the Guru. The Sikhs were already a community of people who had a culture that was distinct from all others – Sikhs were a community that regarded all humanity as equal, gave women an equal status as men and rejected the vicious caste structures that plagued the Indian society. Under the leadership of Guru Hargobind, Sikhs acquired the skills to defend themselves and the young Sikh faith from the atrocities of the Mughal rulers.

In this episode, we will talk about the fifth Sikh Guru, Guru Arjan Dev and his role in crystallizing the concepts of the Sikh faith. By the time Guru Arjan was appointed as the fifth Sikh Guru, the Sikhs were already a community of people who had a culture that was distinct from all others – Sikhs were a community that regarded all humanity as equal, gave women an equal status as men and rejected the vicious caste structures that plagued the Indian society. In 1588 Guru Arjan first constructed the Darbar Sahib or the Harmandir Sahib and established Amritsar as the nerve center of the Sikh faith. By 1604, he had compiled the Adi Granth, the first version of the Guru Granth Sahib, which was put into its final form by Guru Gobind Singh. In 1606, the Indian subcontinent was under the control of the Mughal ruler Jehangir, and Guru Arjan became the first Sikh Guru to sacrifice his life to uphold the fundamental rights to equality, justice, freedom and religion.