Podcast appearances and mentions of Eric Berger

THE AUDACIOUS VISION: A MILLION TONS TO MARS Colleague Eric Berger. In his discussion of the 2016 Guadalajara speech, Eric Berger details Elon Musk's "grandioso architecture" for Mars colonization, proposed during a time of deep skepticism following rocket failures. Musk envisioned not just a visit, but a self-sustaining civilization requiring the transport of a million tons of supplies and thousands of people. Berger explains that Musk's ultimate goal is not economic profit, as there is no "pot of gold" on Mars, but rather ensuring humanity's survival against potential extinction events. Consequently, SpaceX is aggressively redirecting resources from the successful Crew Dragon to the massive, fully reusable Starship to realize this multi-planetary future. NUMBER 11913

THE ROAD TRIP FROM HADES AND THE FALCON 9 Colleague Eric Berger. Berger chronicles the grueling transition from the single-engine Falcon 1 to the nine-engine Falcon 9 in 2009, describing it as a "long hot summer" of intense engineering. The process involved a chaotic transport of the oversized rocket, which physically crashed into a building in Louisiana due to its length. During the 2010 launch campaign, a thunderstorm damaged the upper stage antennas, forcing engineers to dry them with a "glorified hair dryer" overnight. Musk chose to launch despite telemetry issues, achieving a successful orbit that proved a private company could deliver a medium-lift vehicle, crucial for securing NASA contracts. NUMBER 21917 PRINCESS OF MARS

RISKY BUSINESS: DRAGON, NASA, AND REUSABILITY Colleague Eric Berger. To fund its Mars ambitions, SpaceX relied on NASA cargo contracts, which required the development of the Dragon spacecraft. Berger highlights a pivotal moment in 2012 when SpaceX combined two test missions (C2 and C3) to save time, a risky move that required rewriting flight software while the vehicle was near the International Space Station to fix a sensor glitch. Simultaneously, the company faced an "existential" crisis following the 2015 CRS-7 launch failure. Berger details the difficult evolution of reusability, moving from failed parachute concepts to the complex engineering required to land a booster vertically. NUMBER 31917 "THE OLD MAN SAT AND TALKED WITH ME FOR HOURS."

DENSIFICATION AND THE CRUSHED SODA CAN Colleague Eric Berger. Berger explains the technical leaps required for the "Falcon 9 Full Thrust," specifically the use of densified propellants. By super-chilling liquid oxygen to nearly -300°F, SpaceX increased propellant density by 10-12%, drastically improving payload capacity. This innovation accompanied the challenge of landing boosters on ocean barges. Berger compares the fragility of an unpressurized rocket stage to a soda can, noting how easily they were crushed or exploded during early attempts to land on moving drone ships. These upgrades, including the "Octaweb" engine arrangement, were essential for creating a reusable fleet capable of frequent flight. NUMBER 41917 "SHE SAT AND DREW ON THE FLOOR THE FIRST MAP PF BARSOOMIAN I HAD EVER SEEN."

LANDING ZONES AND EXPLODING SATELLITES Colleague Eric Berger. Focusing on the historic December 2015 return-to-flight, Berger describes the first successful land landing of a Falcon 9 at Cape Canaveral. This feat required overcoming the National Reconnaissance Office's fears that sonic booms would damage spy satellites. However, this success was marred months later by the baffling explosion of the Amos-6 satellite during a routine static fire test. Berger notes that the failure was so sudden—occurring in microseconds—that Musk initially entertained the theory of a sniper attack from a competitor before investigators traced the cause to solid oxygen forming in the upper stage. NUMBER 51917 "...THRONG OF DEPARTING CHARIOTS."

STARLINK: FUNDING THE FUTURE Colleague Eric Berger. To finance the immense cost of Mars colonization, SpaceX developed Starlink, a constellation intended to comprise 12,000 satellites for global internet coverage. Bergerexplains that while the concept of low Earth orbit internet existed, SpaceX was the first to make it practical by mass-producing satellites at an unprecedented rate. This revenue stream is vital for the Starship program. Berger highlights how SpaceX has outpaced sovereign nations and corporate rivals like Amazon's Kuiper, which are years behind. The segment emphasizes the relentless work culture required to maintain this lead, often at the expense of employees' personal lives. NUMBER 61917 MASTER MIND OF MARS

THE CHUTE SHOW AND HUMAN SPACEFLIGHT Colleague Eric Berger. Berger discusses the Commercial Crew Program, noting that while Boeing's participation legitimized the effort for Congress, SpaceX ultimately led the way. The development of the Crew Dragon involved the "Chute Show," a team camping in the desert to iteratively test parachutes. Despite the "smooth" public image of NASA missions, Berger points out the inherent risks, such as launching near tornadoes during the first crewed attempt. The segment culminates in the success of the "Block 5" Falcon 9, an optimized rocket designed for rapid turnaround, with individual boosters now capable of flying up to 20 times. NUMBER 71920 THUVIA MAID OF MARS

STARBASE AND THE MECHAZILLA CATCH Colleague Eric Berger. The final segment centers on Starbase in Boca Chica, Texas, where SpaceX built a modern rocket factory on swampland to construct the massive Starship. Berger details the "Chopstick" system, a tower designed to catch returning Super Heavy boosters to eliminate landing legs and enable rapid reuse. This fully reusable system, larger than the Saturn V, is the "endgame" for Musk's vision. Berger describes the operational concept: fleets of Starships refueling in orbit via tankers, then departing for Mars in waves every two years to establish a permanent human presence. NUMBER 81920 THE WARLORD OF MARS

THE TRIUMPH OF LANDING AND THE MYSTERY OF AMOS-6 Colleague Eric Berger. In December 2015, SpaceX achieved a historic milestone by landing a Falcon 9 booster at Cape Canaveral, a feat made possible by Air Force support despite fears that the sonic booms might damage nearby spy satellites. The rocket utilized autonomous avionics to execute the landing, which looked deceptively fast until the final seconds. However, this success was followed by the confusing explosion of the Amos-6 satellite on the pad in 2016. The incident occurred so quickly that Musk briefly entertained a "sniper theory" involving a competitor before the technical cause was found. NUMBER 5 NOVEMBER 1956

STARSHIP: THE FULLY REUSABLE ARCHITECTURE FOR MARS Colleague Eric Berger. At Boca Chica, Texas, SpaceX transformed a swamp into "Starbase," a modern rocket factory for the Starship and Super Heavy launch system. Starship represents the endgame of Musk's vision: a fully reusable rocket larger than the Saturn V, designed to be caught by "chopstick" arms on the launch tower to eliminate landing legs and speed up reuse. The plan involves orbital refueling and launching fleets of ships every two years to transport massive amounts of cargo, serving as a "Grand Central Station" for deep space colonization. NUMBER 8 1921 FRANCE

THE CHUTE SHOW AND THE RACE FOR COMMERCIAL CREW Colleague Eric Berger. SpaceX competed with Boeing to restore NASA's ability to launch astronauts, a program politically legitimized by Boeing's participation. Developing the Crew Dragon required rigorous testing, particularly by a team nicknamed the "Chute Show" who tested parachutes in the desert. While Boeing and SpaceX faced similar challenges, SpaceX optimized its Falcon 9 Block 5 for rapid reuse, hardening parts based on lessons from previous flights. Despite the inherent risks of human spaceflight, SpaceX ultimately succeeded in flying veteran astronauts to the station, maintaining reusability as a core requirement. NUMBER 7 1938

STARLINK: THE ECONOMIC ENGINE FOR MARS Colleague Eric Berger. To finance the massive costs of the Mars program, SpaceX developed Starlink, a constellation of thousands of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites designed to provide global internet. While previous attempts at LEO constellations were deemed impractical due to manufacturing challenges, SpaceX is now operating thousands of satellites, outpacing sovereign nations and competitors like Amazon's Kuiper. This aggressive expansion relies on the reusable Block 5 Falcon 9 boosters to launch dozens of satellites at once, generating the revenue necessary to build the Starship architecture. NUMBER 6 SEPTEMBER 1955

RISKING IT ALL TO DOCK DRAGON WITH THE ISS Colleague Eric Berger. To fund its Mars ambitions, SpaceX needed NASA contracts to deliver cargo to the International Space Station (ISS) using the Dragon spacecraft. Unlike traditional capsules, Dragon integrated propulsion directly into the vehicle to support future reusability. Behind schedule, SpaceX combined two test missions (C2 and C3) into one high-stakes attempt. During the approach, the spacecraft's LIDAR navigation system faltered, forcing NASA flight director Holly Ridings to make a "brave call": she allowed SpaceX to rewrite software on the fly, defying standard mission rules to achieve a successful docking. NUMBER 3 MAY 1953

PUSHING BOUNDARIES WITH DENSIFIED PROPELLANT AND BARGE LANDINGS Colleague Eric Berger. Following the 2015 launch failure, SpaceX introduced the "Falcon 9 Full Thrust," which utilized densified propellants—super-chilled liquid oxygen—to increase fuel mass by up to 12% for greater efficiency. This technology required tight launch windows but was essential for the company's reusability goals. Simultaneously, the company attempted to land boosters on an ocean barge, a process described as trying to land "nine Dixie cups" in a storm. These efforts were driven by the need to recover and reuse delicate rocket stages that are easily crushed when not pressurized. NUMBER 4 MARCH 1958

THE STRUGGLE TO BUILD AND TRANSPORT THE FIRST FALCON 9 Colleague Eric Berger. Moving from the single-engine Falcon 1 to the nine-engine Falcon 9 involved a "long hot summer" of grueling 100-hour weeks for young engineers in Texas. The team faced immense challenges integrating complex plumbing and flight computers for the first time. Lacking a ship or large aircraft, SpaceX transported the massive rocket to Florida on a trailer, a "road trip from Hades" that resulted in the rocket crashing into a building during a tight turn. Despite dead crickets in the fuselage and storm damage to antennas, Musk pushed for a successful launch in 2010. NUMBER 2 JANUARY 1951

THE AUDACITY OF THE MARS COLONIZATION VISION Colleague Eric Berger. In September 2016, Elon Musk presented a vision in Guadalajara that sounded like science fiction: a plan to colonize Mars to prevent a potential extinction event. Despite a recent rocket explosion, Musk proposed a "grandiose architecture" involving massive reusable rockets designed to transport a million tons of supplies and thousands of people to build a self-sustaining civilization. While skeptics viewed the timeline as unrealistic, the plan relied on established physics and the production of methane fuel on Mars. Musk's ultimate goal for SpaceX remains clearly focused on making humanity multi-planetary. NUMBER 1 AUGUST 1953

Eric Berger, senior space editor at Ars Technica and author of Liftoff, joins to break down why SpaceX may finally be preparing to go public, and why this could become the biggest IPO in history. Berger unpacks Elon Musk's long resistance to public markets, how Starlink transformed SpaceX from a launch company into a revenue machine, and why the AI arms race is pulling SpaceX into an entirely new business: data centers in space.

Softwarereus Oracle kwam met een veel en veel beter dan verwachte winst. Maar bij dat goede nieuws blijft het, want beleggers schrikken van de rest. Ze hadden op meer omzet gerekend, maar vooral op minder investeringen in AI. De directie stelt aandeelhouders niet bepaald gerust: met een crash van het aandeel tot gevolg. Je bent de vraag 'is er een AI-bubbel' misschien wel zat, maar toch komt 'ie misschien wel voorbij. Want concurrenten gaan ook onderuit op de beurs. Waren Oracle-beleggers eerder dit jaar niet veel en veel te enthousiast? Ook hebben we het over het rentebesluit van de Fed, de Amerikaanse centrale bank. Saai? Zeker niet! In jaren is dat niet zo spannend geweest als nu. Er zijn maar liefst drie dissidenten en een schamele renteverlaging voor 2026. Wij kijken wat dat met aandelen doet.Hebben we het ook over kunstmest, want daar wil Arend Jan Kamp het graag over hebben. Een aflevering dus over poep, maar we hebben het ook over de Warner Bros-soap, een seniele topman én over Trump die de Houthi's nadoet.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Softwarereus Oracle kwam met een veel en veel beter dan verwachte winst. Maar bij dat goede nieuws blijft het, want beleggers schrikken van de rest. Ze hadden op meer omzet gerekend, maar vooral op minder investeringen in AI. De directie stelt aandeelhouders niet bepaald gerust: met een crash van het aandeel tot gevolg. Je bent de vraag 'is er een AI-bubbel' misschien wel zat, maar toch komt 'ie misschien wel voorbij. Want concurrenten gaan ook onderuit op de beurs. Waren Oracle-beleggers eerder dit jaar niet veel en veel te enthousiast? Ook hebben we het over het rentebesluit van de Fed, de Amerikaanse centrale bank. Saai? Zeker niet! In jaren is dat niet zo spannend geweest als nu. Er zijn maar liefst drie dissidenten en een schamele renteverlaging voor 2026. Wij kijken wat dat met aandelen doet.Hebben we het ook over kunstmest, want daar wil Arend Jan Kamp het graag over hebben. Een aflevering dus over poep, maar we hebben het ook over de Warner Bros-soap, een seniele topman én over Trump die de Houthi's nadoet.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In this episode, Senior Space Editor and author Eric Berger joins the show to discuss the evolving landscape of the space industry. Drawing on his extensive reporting experience, he explores major trends such as the rise of China as a space power and the shift toward commercial space companies like SpaceX. Eric Berger shares insights into workplace culture, leadership traits, and the intense sense of mission driving innovation at companies like SpaceX and Stoke Space. The conversation covers the challenges of sustaining hard-driving environments, the importance of compelling vision, and alternate cultural models emerging within the industry. Listeners will also hear Berger's perspective on the future of spaceflight and what excites him most about upcoming missions and technology.

Hotel Mars with Eric Berger, Wednesday, Nov. 19, 2025John Batchelor and I introduced Eric Berger of Ars Technica as our guest to discuss the recent very successful launch and flight of the Blue Origin New Glenn rocket. Eric Berger described the successful second launch and booster landing of Blue Origin's New Glenn rocket as thrilling. We noted the accuracy of the return of the first stage to return to the barge pad, hover, move sideways and then land dead center in the zero target on the barge. This was a huge step forward. It also successfully deployed a NASA payload to Mars which our guest discussed. New Glenn is the world's third largest rocket and is crucial for Amazon's LEO constellation and NASA's Artemis moon program. We also asked Eric for his opinion regarding Jarod Isaacman as the NASA Administrator. Eric shared many important thoughts regarding this nomination.Special thanks to our sponsors:Northrup Grumman, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Helix Space in Luxembourg, Celestis Memorial Spaceflights, Astrox Corporation, Dr. Haym Benaroya of Rutgers University, The Space Settlement Progress Blog by John Jossy, The Atlantis Project, and Artless EntertainmentOur Toll Free Line for Live Broadcasts: 1-866-687-7223 (Not in service at this time)For real time program participation, email Dr. Space at: drspace@thespaceshow.com for instructions and access.The Space Show is a non-profit 501C3 through its parent, One Giant Leap Foundation, Inc. To donate via Pay Pal, use:To donate with Zelle, use the email address: david@onegiantleapfoundation.org.If you prefer donating with a check, please make the check payable to One Giant Leap Foundation and mail to:One Giant Leap Foundation, 11035 Lavender Hill Drive Ste. 160-306 Las Vegas, NV 89135Upcoming Programs:Broadcast 4466: ZOOM: Dr. Avi Loeb | Sunday 23 Nov 2025 1200PM PTGuests:Dr. Abraham (Avi) LoebZOOM: Dr. Avi Loeb returns to discuss our latest interstellar visitor and more. Get full access to The Space Show-One Giant Leap Foundation at doctorspace.substack.com/subscribe

continued  Berger also supports Jared Isaacman's nomination to lead NASA. Guest: Eric Berger. 1905

Launch of Blue Origin's New Glenn Rocket. Eric Berger describes the successful second launch and booster landing of Blue Origin's New Glenn rocket as thrilling and a huge step forward. New Glenn is the world's third largest rocket and is crucial for Amazon's LEO constellation and NASA's Artemis moon program. Berger also supports Jared Isaacman's nomination to lead NASA. Guest: Eric Berger. 1900

SHOW 11-20-2025 CBS EYE ON THE WORLD WITH JOHN BATCHELOR THE SHOW BEGINS IN THE DOUBTS ABOUT PEACE IN EUROPE.. FIRST HOUR 9-915 Ukraine Envoy Keith Kellogg Quits After Plan for US Peace Leaked. Anatol Lieven discusses a leaked Ukraine peace plan involving potential US legal recognition of Russian annexation of Donbass and Crimea, which would pave the way for lifting US sanctions. The plan requires Ukraine to yield the remaining Donbass slice and accept limits on its army size, although Ukraine is not required to formally agree. Guest: Anatol Lieven. 915-930 continued 930-945 Professor George Is Right: Principle Sustains American Conservatism. Peter Berkowitz reviews Professor Robert George's assertion that American conservatism's core principle is the profound, inherent, and equal dignity of each human family member. George insisted that the movement must unequivocally reject white supremacists and anti-Semites, a rebuke directed at the Heritage Foundation president's defense of Tucker Carlson. This mirrors William F. Buckley's efforts to purge extremism from conservatism. Guest: Peter Berkowitz. 945-1000 US Adds 119,000 Jobs in September, but Unemployment Hits Four-Year Peak. Chris Regal discusses consumer liquidity challenges alongside the early impacts of AI on the workforce. AI is currently displacing white-collar jobs like consulting, but physical displacement via robotics is coming. He notes concerns about an AI investment bubble but affirms confidence in major companies like Amazon and Microsoft. Guest: Chris Regal. SECOND HOUR 10-1015 Upcoming Election in Honduras. Mary Anastasia O'Grady discusses Honduran fears that the current left-wing party, allied with Venezuela and Cuba, will attempt to steal the upcoming election. This follows a playbook where elected leaders consolidate power by seizing control of institutions like the military and courts to avoid subsequent fair elections. The OAS and US State Department have issued warnings against election theft. Guest: Mary Anastasia O'Grady. 1015-1030 Russia's Slowing Wartime Economy Pushes Kremlin to Increase Taxes and Fees. Michael Bernstam analyzes Russia's economic stagnation due to war expenditure and shortages, leading the Kremlin to raise taxes, including the VAT, to close the budget gap. Sanctions are biting deep, forcing Russia to offer huge discounts—up to $38 per barrel—to its primary oil customers: India, China, and Turkey. Guest: Michael Bernstam. 1030-1045 Launch of Blue Origin's New Glenn Rocket. Eric Berger describes the successful second launch and booster landing of Blue Origin's New Glenn rocket as thrilling and a huge step forward. New Glenn is the world's third largest rocket and is crucial for Amazon's LEO constellation and NASA's Artemis moon program. Berger also supports Jared Isaacman's nomination to lead NASA. Guest: Eric Berger. 1045-1100 THIRD HOUR 1100-1115 Autocrats Versus Democrats: China, Russia, America, and the New Global Disorder. Michael McFaul analyzes the Cold War, noting that the Cuban Missile Crisis taught the need for crisis management mechanisms with adversaries. He argues that the US was too complacent, first when engaging China after Tiananmen Square without stressing values, and later when failing to invest politically and economically to consolidate democracy in post-Soviet Russia. Guest: Michael McFaul. 1115-1130 1130-1145 1145-1200 FOURTH HOUR 12-1215 The New World Report. Professor Evan Ellis discusses increased US attention to the Americas, citing the Monroe Doctrine and the risks of intervention in Venezuela. He emphasizes that narco-terror is a complex criminal economy troubling the region. The conversation also highlights rightward political movements and citizen frustration with insecurity and violence in Chile, Ecuador, and Peru. Guest: Professor Evan Ellis. 1215-1230 1230-1245 1245-100 AM

PREVIEW Eric Berger of Ars Technica discusses Blue Origin's successful first New Glenn mission for NASA, carrying Operation Escapade packages for Mars. Berger highlights the rocket's size and successful booster return. The company seeks quick certification to compete with ULA and SpaceX for lucrative national security and important NASA science missions. Guest: Eric Berger. 1958

The Space Show Presents Dr. Doug Plata on Elon Musk, Sunday, 11-16-25Brief Summary: The program began with technical discussions and introductions for a space show featuring Dr. Doug Plata as the guest, followed by coverage of Blue Origin's successful New Glenn launch and their future plans including a NASA moon mission. The conversation then delved into Elon Musk's motivations and ventures, exploring how his philosophical beliefs about life's meaning and civilization's future have driven his various companies including SpaceX, Tesla, and Twitter. The discussion concluded with an analysis of Musk's influence on AI development, population concerns, and his acquisition of Twitter, while emphasizing the importance of truth and careful decision-making in his future endeavors. Dr. Plata said he that for this discussion, he wanted to “address how Elon came to his personal philosophy after an existential crisis of meaning when he was age 12 and his belief that what is most important is the survival of human intelligence and civilization explains very well why he puts his personal time into some ventures (e.g. SpaceX) and why he doesn't put much time into others (e.g. Boring Company). The civilizational aspect explains his pro-natal arguments / actions and also his apparently counter-productive foray into Twitter and politics.”Detailed Summary: We started out by talking about the significance of the recent Blue Origin launch before David introduced Doug as the guest for the Sunday afternoon West Coast Space Show. David mentioned upcoming guests for the week, including Leonard David, Eric Berger, Cat Bolish, and Dr. Avi Loeb. As Wisdom Team then discussed Blue Origin's successful New Glenn launch, which delivered two NASA satellites to Mars and landed on a drone ship. They praised the landing accuracy and the innovative landing system that uses sparks to secure the rocket on the ship. Doug mentioned that Blue Origin is planning to launch their own Kuiper (rebranded to Leo) constellation, which will provide revenue for the company. We also discussed Blue Origin's upcoming moon mission for NASA's Artemis program and potential future launches for the Department of Defense, pending certification by the Space Force.Our team discussed Elon Musk's philosophy and ventures, with Doug presenting a hypothesis that Musk's search for the meaning of life drives his focus on advancing human civilization through technology. They explored how Musk's experiences, including an existential crisis at age 12 and his fascination with “Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy,” shaped his belief that the path to understanding the universe's meaning is through technological advancement and exploration. The discussion highlighted how Musk's ventures, from SpaceX to Twitter, align with this philosophical perspective, though some participants expressed concerns about his political involvement.The team discussed Elon Musk's motivations and communication style, with David questioning whether Musk cares about public perception and Marshall comparing him to other engineers who pursue leading-edge technology. Doug presented research on Musk's childhood, including his struggles with bullying and depression, and how reading “Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy” helped him develop a philosophy of curiosity. The discussion touched on Musk's autistic traits and his ambitious projects, with Marshall noting that his success allows him to pursue risky ventures without financial ruin.Doug discussed Elon Musk's ventures and philosophy, focusing on how his actions align with his existential goals of preserving human intelligence and finding the meaning of life. Doug explained that Musk's creation of SpaceX and Tesla, despite their initial financial risks, were driven by his desire to establish a self-sustaining city on Mars to ensure humanity's long-term survival. The discussion also touched on Musk's transition to sustainable energy through Tesla and his role in the current administration, with Peter noting that the media's portrayal of Musk has changed over time.Doug led a discussion about Elon Musk's motivations and ventures, focusing on his founding of SpaceX in 2001 after being frustrated by the lack of access to rocket launches for his Mars Oasis project. They explored how Musk's concerns about energy sustainability and civilization's future influenced his decision to start Tesla, which he viewed as part of a broader strategy to transition to an electric economy. The discussion also covered Musk's approach to other ventures like The Boring Company, noting that while he supported and promoted these projects, he delegated day-to-day leadership to others as they didn't align as closely with his existential and civilization-focused goals as SpaceX and Tesla did.We discussed Elon Musk's ventures and their potential connection to his goal of establishing a human colony on Mars. They explored how projects like Tesla, SpaceX, Starlink, and humanoid robots could indirectly support Mars development through revenue generation. Marshall and Doug agreed that while these ventures aren't essential for Mars colonization, they have valuable side benefits. The conversation also touched on Musk's concerns about AI's existential risks, including his involvement with OpenAI and his recent call for a pause in AI development to address these concerns.Our Wisdom Team discussed Elon Musk's views on AI and population decline. Doug explained that Musk has shifted from being an observer to an active participant in AI development, aiming to direct its growth in a beneficial way. They also discussed Musk's pronatalist views and concerns about population collapse in Japan and South Korea. Marshall and Doug shared statistics on fertility rates in China and the United States. David raised concerns about Medicare fraud and suggested that government support for IVF could help address declining birth rates. This part of the conversation concluded with a brief discussion on Musk's involvement with Twitter and his political stance.The team discussed Elon Musk's acquisition of Twitter and his philosophy regarding free speech as essential for technological advancement and civilization's progress. They explored how Musk's political actions, including his support for Trump and concerns about immigration, were motivated by his belief in preserving Western civilization and free speech. The discussion concluded with concerns about misinformation surrounding Musk and the challenges of finding accurate information about his ventures, with Philip suggesting the need to combat misinformation with truth rather than counter it with more misinformation.A big part of the discussion focused on Elon Musk's influence and future impact, with Doug presenting a comprehensive analysis of Musk's ventures and motivations. They explored Musk's role in AI development through Neuralink, with concerns raised about AI's potential to outpace human capabilities. The panelists agreed that while Musk's ventures have been largely positive, he should be cautious about AI development and political involvement. The discussion concluded with messages to Musk emphasizing the importance of truth, careful decision-making, and continued focus on space exploration.Please note that our guest, Dr. Doug Plata, is a practicing medical doctor, not a psychologist or psychiatrist. The analysis and ideas he presented regarding Mr. Musk were his own.If you are listening to the audio of this program on The Space Show website, you might want to check out the Zoom video on our Substack page, doctorspace.substack.com.Please remember we are in our annual fundraising drive to support the program for 2026. Please donate either through PayPal on the right side of our home page, www.thespaceshow.com, Zelle using david@onegiantleapfoundation.org or Substack using doctorspace.substack.com.Thank you.Special thanks to our sponsors:Northrup Grumman, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Helix Space in Luxembourg, Celestis Memorial Spaceflights, Astrox Corporation, Dr. Haym Benaroya of Rutgers University, The Space Settlement Progress Blog by John Jossy, The Atlantis Project, and Artless EntertainmentOur Toll Free Line for Live Broadcasts: 1-866-687-7223 (Not in service at this time)For real time program participation, email Dr. Space at: drspace@thespaceshow.com for instructions and access.The Space Show is a non-profit 501C3 through its parent, One Giant Leap Foundation, Inc. To donate via Pay Pal, use:To donate with Zelle, use the email address: david@onegiantleapfoundation.org.If you prefer donating with a check, please make the check payable to One Giant Leap Foundation and mail to:One Giant Leap Foundation, 11035 Lavender Hill Drive Ste. 160-306 Las Vegas, NV 89135Upcoming Programs:Broadcast 4463: ZOOM: Leonard David | Tuesday 18 Nov 2025 700PM PTGuests: Leonard DavidZOOM: Leonard returns with news and perspectives that only he has for our space industry. You don't want to miss our program.Broadcast 4464 Hotel Mars with Eric Berger | Wednesday 19 Nov 2025 930AM PTGuests: Eric Berger, John Batchelor, Dr. David LivingstonEric reports on the Blue Origin New Glenn successful test flight and moreBroadcast 4465: ZOOM: Kathryn Bolish | Friday 21 Nov 2025 930AM PTGuests: Kathryn BolishZOOM: Kathryn Bolish is CEO of WEX Foundation re stem and much more Get full access to The Space Show-One Giant Leap Foundation at doctorspace.substack.com/subscribe

Musk's Audacious Mars Colonization Vision. Eric Berger discusses Elon Musk's remarkable September 2016 speech in Guadalajara outlining the colonization of Mars. Musk proposed building a self-sustaining colony requiring landing a million tons of equipment using a fully reusable massive rocket. This vision, described as audacious and like science fiction, revealed the company's true intent: establishing a second civilization to prevent species extinction, informing every subsequent step taken by SpaceX. Guest: Eric Berger.

Developing and Launching the First Falcon 9. Eric Berger recounts the difficult summer of 2009 preparing the first Falcon 9 booster, featuring nine Merlin engines housed in an octagonal web. Engineers endured intense 100-hour weeks handling complex wiring and propulsion plumbing. The subsequent road trip from Texas to Florida was arduous, including crashing the rocket's interstage into a building. Despite severe issues, like storm-fried antennas, an impatient Elon Musk pushed for a successful launch in June 2010, securing potential NASA contracts. Guest: Eric Berger.

Dragon Spacecraft Development and Reusability Focus. Eric Berger explains that SpaceX needed NASA contracts to fund its Mars ambition. NASA provided critical funding in 2006 and 2009 for the Dragon spacecraft to deliver cargo to the International Space Station, replacing retiring vehicles like the Space Shuttle. Dragon was designed for recoverability and reuse, incorporating propulsion into the capsule itself, which increased complexity. Under pressure from Musk's impatience, SpaceX combined two critical test missions, C2 and C3, in 2012, ultimately succeeding due to a brave decision by a NASA flight director to allow on-the-spot software changes. Guest: Eric Berger.

Falcon 9 Full Thrust: Densification and Barge Landings. Eric Berger describes how, following a 2015 failure, SpaceX developed the Falcon 9 Full Thrust, version 3.0/4.0. Driven by the Mars vision, they adopted densification—chilling liquid oxygen to boost density and increase payload efficiency by 10 to 12 percent. Crucially, they focused on landing the booster vertically on a moving barge, skipping steps in the reusability process. This challenge required redesigned Merlin engines and advanced avionics, leading to several learning failures as they tried to figure out how best to line up the rocket with the ship. Guest: Eric Berger.

Achieving Reusability and Navigating Launch Failures. Eric Berger reports that in December 2015, SpaceX demonstrated reusability with the successful launch and vertical landing of the Falcon 9 Full Thrust at Landing Zone 1. The launch utilized densified propellant, requiring a tight launch window. The risky landing involved the Air Force approving a rocket with fuel returning over expensive real estate, despite concerns from groups like the National Reconnaissance Office. However, three weeks before his Mars speech, the Amos 6 satellite was violently destroyed during fueling in September 2016. Elon Musk favored an unfounded "sniper theory" to explain this failure. Guest: Eric Berger.

Starlink: Funding the Mars Vision through LEO Constellations. Eric Berger discusses Starlink, a constellation of Low Earth Orbit satellites designed to fund Musk's Mars vision. While the idea wasn't new, deploying thousands of satellites for global internet was previously viewed as impractical due to manufacturing and launch rate limitations. Starlink, now highly successful with about 7,000 operational satellites, minimizes lag compared to geostationary systems like Iridium. This revenue stream is critical to supporting the company's goals, although the work environment demands extreme dedication from employees who often sacrifice personal lives. Guest: Eric Berger.

Crew Dragon and Commercial Human Spaceflight. Eric Berger discusses NASA's Commercial Crew Program, initiated after the Space Shuttle retired. Boeing's entry legitimized the program, securing crucial congressional funding for competitors like SpaceX. SpaceX adapted the Dragon design for crew, involving extensive parachute testing by the "Shoot Show" team in the desert and ultimately agreeing to water landings for astronaut safety. Crew Dragon launched atop the Falcon 9 Block 5, the modern rocket iteration optimized for rapid reuse, emphasizing that reusability remained the central focus, even for human spaceflight. Guest: Eric Berger.

Starship and Super Heavy: The Fully Reusable Mars Vehicle. Eric Berger details the development of Starship and Super Heavy at Starbase in Boca Chica, Texas. Starship is the culmination of SpaceX's efforts: a fully reusable, super heavy rocket much larger than the Saturn 5, designed to carry humans into deep space and enable the Mars colony. A critical innovation for rapid reuse is the "chopstick" system, which catches both the Super Heavy booster and the Starship second stage, saving time and mass. The long-term plan involves using a fleet of Starships, refueled in low Earth orbit, to transport a million tons of cargo to Mars during biannual transfer windows. Guest: Eric Berger. Retry

Jake and Anthony are joined by Eric Berger, Senior Space Editor at Ars Technica, to talk about the fight to be NASA Administrator, and to provide the lander for Artemis 3.TopicsOff-Nominal - YouTubeEpisode 216 - Golden Llama (with Eric Berger) - YouTubeWhy did NASA's chief just shake up the agency's plans to land on the Moon? - Ars TechnicaElon Musk just declared war on NASA's acting administrator, apparently - Ars TechnicaHow America fell behind China in the lunar space race—and how it can catch back up - Ars TechnicaActually, we are going to tell you the odds of recovering New Glenn's second launch - Ars TechnicaGEORGE SANTOS reviewing NASA space suit

Massive “No Kings” protests swept across the country this weekend — peaceful, organized, and impossible to ignore. Chuck Todd breaks down what the demonstrations say about growing frustration with Trump’s leadership as his administration faces a government shutdown, soaring insurance costs, and a controversial new military campaign in the Caribbean. As Trump retweets crude AI videos and governs for only half the country, Congress remains silent on legally dubious strikes against Venezuela, an operation critics say has more to do with ousting Maduro than fighting drugs. Todd examines how America’s history of self-interest in Latin America and declining democratic norms at home have converged to create a moment of moral and political reckoning — and why ignoring it might come at a cost. Then, Ars Technica space journalist Eric Berger joins Chuck Todd to unpack the new global race to the moon — and why it’s about power as much as science. With China poised to beat the U.S. back to the lunar surface, NASA’s Artemis program faces both technological and geopolitical pressure. Berger and Todd explore how space has become the next great stage for competition, where the first shots of a future war could be fired — not on Earth, but in orbit. From SpaceX’s dominance and Elon Musk’s influence, to Blue Origin’s lagging efforts and Boeing’s uncertain role, the conversation digs into who will actually shape humanity’s future beyond Earth. They also discuss the growing role of private companies in both space exploration and weather forecasting, how AI is reshaping meteorology, and whether we’ll ever see space-based energy or asteroid mining become viable. It’s a sweeping look at how politics, technology, and ambition are colliding — in a sky that’s getting more crowded by the day. Finally, Chuck Todd hops in the ToddCast Time Machine to recap the history of the Teapot Dome scandal and how it closely mirrors the corruption of the Trump administration, answers listeners’ questions in the “Ask Chuck” segment, and recaps the weekend in college football. Got injured in an accident? You could be one click away from a claim worth millions. Just visit https://www.forthepeople.com/TODDCAST to start your claim now with Morgan & Morgan without leaving your couch. Remember, it's free unless you win! Timeline: (Timestamps may vary based on advertisements) 00:00 Chuck Todd’s introduction 01:30 No Kings protests held around the country 02:15 Protests were timed deliberately in advance of elections 04:30 Huge turnout numbers at the protests 08:30 No incidents at protests that led to confrontations with police 09:45 Trump retweets AI video of himself flying plane and dropping poop 10:45 Trump has the mentality of a 13 year old boy 12:00 Trump has no lifelong friends 13:15 Trump isn’t traveling the country to sell his agenda, unlike first term 14:15 Remarkable that so many people are willing to protest on a Saturday 16:00 Republicans would be wise not to dismiss the protests 16:30 Controversy grows around Trump’s military strikes in Caribbean 17:45 Congress is failing to provide any oversight of the executive 19:00 Insurance notices indicating massive premium spikes coming soon 20:00 Shocking there’s less outrage Trump governs for only half the country 20:45 Government shutdown has turned into a giant mess 22:15 Trump’s administration hints they aren’t sure boat strikes are legal 23:45 Venezuela story would get more attention if it was anywhere else 24:30 Administration refuses to call the strikes “war” 25:15 Repatriating captives helps administration avoid legal questions 26:45 Legality of strikes will be eventually be determined in US courts 28:00 Claiming cartels are “terrorists” doesn’t meet legal definition 28:45 Venezuela isn’t part of the fentanyl drug trade 29:30 Trump & Rubio’s obsession is actually about getting rid of Nicolas Maduro 31:00 The U.S. military has never gone after narcoterrorists before 32:00 Congress has not authorized use of military force in Caribbean 33:30 Members of congress not convinced by rationale for strikes 35:00 Trump is greenlighting killings without making case for it 37:30 If overdose deaths are the rationale, the problem is with Mexico 39:00 Trump hasn’t ruled out striking the Venezuelan mainland 41:00 The US had never designated a cartel as terrorists until this year 44:30 America’s history in Latin America is atrocious and self-interested 48:15 Eric Berger joins the Chuck ToddCast 49:15 China is on track to beat the U.S. back to the moon 50:45 NASA is still pursuing the Artemis program 52:00 Both the U.S. and China are targeting the moon's south pole 54:15 If you want to be a superpower, needs a presence on the moon 54:45 SpaceX's Starship is best equipped for Mars mission 55:30 Best methods of propulsion for long distance space missions 56:45 The biggest reason for lunar landing is geopolitics/flexing 57:30 Treaty says that no country can claim ownership of the moon 58:30 How would a private company stake a resource claim on the moon? 1:00:00 Has low earth orbit gotten too crowded with man made satellites? 1:01:00 In the next big war, the first shots will likely be fired into space 1:02:45 Cooperation in space has diminished, become more nationalistic 1:04:45 Most countries forced to rely on US, Russia and China for space launches 1:05:45 UAE is developing space capabilities with NASA's help 1:06:30 NASA can't get to space without private contractors/SpaceX 1:07:00 Elon Musk is the most important person to spacefight globally 1:08:30 Blue Origin is far behind SpaceX in capabilities for lunar lander 1:09:15 Will Boeing's space program ever deliver? 1:10:15 Will the first space hotel be in orbit or on the moon? 1:11:15 There's very little demand for orbital tourism, very expensive 1:12:45 Mars missions are incredibly different, will likely be one-way to start 1:14:15 There are no resources on Mars worth the cost of mining and shipping back 1:15:00 The only reason to go to Mars is to make humans a space-faring species 1:16:00 Robots are far superior to humans for scientific research missions 1:17:15 There's more water on Europa than Earth, life could be there 1:18:45 Best places in solar system for humans to possibly create bases 1:20:30 Is Bezos's idea of heavy manufacturing on the moon a pipe dream? 1:21:45 Mining asteroids could provide all the metals we'd ever need 1:22:30 SpaceX's Falcon9 rocket made cost of accessing space far lower 1:23:45 Are energy production advances the best way to sell space costs to taxpayers? 1:25:30 Space based energy production is far from being commercially viable 1:26:45 The Europeans surpassed the U.S. at meteorology 1:27:45 Can AI tools help fill the gaps after U.S. cut funding for NOAA? 1:28:30 AI hurricane modeling seems to be just as good as physics based models 1:29:30 Private sector still relies on the government for weather forecasting 1:30:45 We need better data collection for our weather forecasting 1:33:00 Private companies are hiring their own meteorologists 1:35:45 Microforecasting has gotten much better due to the internet 1:36:53 What does Ars Technica cover and what is its mission? 1:39:00 Do we know more about the solar system or the oceans? 1:43:15 Chuck's thoughts on the interview with Eric Berger 1:43:30 ToddCast Time Machine 1:43:45 October 25th, 1929 - Jury convicts the first cabinet secretary to prison 1:45:15 Teapot Dome scandal 1:46:30 Harding signed executive order transferring oil fields, leased to oil barons 1:47:45 Fall received $7 million dollars in exchange for oil leases 1:49:15 Harding's death spawned conspiracy theories about corruption 1:49:45 Albert Fall convicted of bribery 1:50:30 Comparing teapot dome to Trump's modern day corruption 1:51:45 The "out" party should always be the one in charge of oversight 1:53:00 Watergate isn't the parallel to Trump's corruption, Teapot Dome is 1:53:15 Ask Chuck 1:53:30 Will the No Kings protests have any real effect on politics? 1:56:00 How can Democrats regain control of the political narrative? 2:01:00 College football updateSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Ars Technica space journalist Eric Berger joins Chuck Todd to unpack the new global race to the moon — and why it’s about power as much as science. With China poised to beat the U.S. back to the lunar surface, NASA’s Artemis program faces both technological and geopolitical pressure. Berger and Todd explore how space has become the next great stage for competition, where the first shots of a future war could be fired — not on Earth, but in orbit. From SpaceX’s dominance and Elon Musk’s influence, to Blue Origin’s lagging efforts and Boeing’s uncertain role, the conversation digs into who will actually shape humanity’s future beyond Earth. They also discuss the growing role of private companies in both space exploration and weather forecasting, how AI is reshaping meteorology, and whether we’ll ever see space-based energy or asteroid mining become viable. It’s a sweeping look at how politics, technology, and ambition are colliding — in a sky that’s getting more crowded by the day. Timeline: 00:00 Eric Berger joins the Chuck ToddCast 01:00 China is on track to beat the U.S. back to the moon 02:30 NASA is still pursuing the Artemis program 03:45 Both the U.S. and China are targeting the moon’s south pole 06:00 If you want to be a superpower, needs a presence on the moon 06:30 SpaceX’s Starship is best equipped for Mars mission 07:15 Best methods of propulsion for long distance space missions 08:30 The biggest reason for lunar landing is geopolitics/flexing 09:15 Treaty says that no country can claim ownership of the moon 10:15 How would a private company stake a resource claim on the moon? 11:45 Has low earth orbit gotten too crowded with man made satellites? 12:45 In the next big war, the first shots will likely be fired into space 14:30 Cooperation in space has diminished, become more nationalistic 16:30 Most countries forced to rely on US, Russia and China for space launches 17:30 UAE is developing space capabilities with NASA’s help 18:15 NASA can’t get to space without private contractors/SpaceX 18:45 Elon Musk is the most important person to spacefight globally 20:15 Blue Origin is far behind SpaceX in capabilities for lunar lander 21:00 Will Boeing’s space program ever deliver? 22:00 Will the first space hotel be in orbit or on the moon? 23:00 There’s very little demand for orbital tourism, very expensive 24:30 Mars missions are incredibly different, will likely be one-way to start 26:00 There are no resources on Mars worth the cost of mining and shipping back 26:45 The only reason to go to Mars is to make humans a space-faring species 27:45 Robots are far superior to humans for scientific research missions 29:00 There’s more water on Europa than Earth, life could be there 30:30 Best places in solar system for humans to possibly create bases 32:15 Is Bezos’s idea of heavy manufacturing on the moon a pipe dream? 33:30 Mining asteroids could provide all the metals we’d ever need 34:15 SpaceX’s Falcon9 rocket made cost of accessing space far lower 35:30 Are energy production advances the best way to sell space costs to taxpayers? 37:15 Space based energy production is far from being commercially viable 38:30 The Europeans surpassed the U.S. at meteorology 39:30 Can AI tools help fill the gaps after U.S. cut funding for NOAA? 40:15 AI hurricane modeling seems to be just as good as physics based models 41:15 Private sector still relies on the government for weather forecasting 42:30 We need better data collection for our weather forecasting 44:45 Private companies are hiring their own meteorologists 47:30 Microforecasting has gotten much better due to the internet 48:38 What does Ars Technica cover and what is its mission? 50:45 Do we know more about the solar system or the oceans?See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

1.  Liftoff: Elon Musk and the Desperate Early Days that Launched SpaceX by Eric Berger, chronicles the turbulent and often precarious genesis of Elon Musk's ambitious rocket company, SpaceX. The narrative begins in March 2006 on Omelek Island, part of the Marshall Islands, where SpaceX prepared for the inaugural flight of its Falcon 1 rocket. Musk, having conceived the idea in 2001 to disrupt the space industry, founded SpaceX in 2002 despite being "laughed out of the room" by experts. He self-educated in rocketry and committed a significant portion of his fortune to the venture, pioneering a vertically integrated approach to manufacturing, building components like the Merlin engine in-house to reduce costs and accelerate development. The first three Falcon 1 launches were failures, each providing critical, hard-won lessons: 1. Launch 1 (March 2006): The Merlin engine ignited, but a corroded bolt, exacerbated by the humid tropical environment, caused a fuel leak and an engine fire, leading the rocket to crash back onto Omelek Island just 30 seconds after liftoff. Musk's philosophy that "failure is an option" guided the immediate post-crash investigation to collect debris and pinpoint the cause. 2. Launch 2 (March 2007): Despite the first stage working perfectly, the second stage, lacking "slosh baffles" (omitted based on computer models to save weight), spun out of control due to fuel sloshing. While it reached space (above 100 km), it failed to achieve a stable orbit, meaning SpaceX was not yet considered a "real rocket company" in the industry. This failure popularized the SpaceX proverb, "always go to 11". 3. Launch 3 (August 2008): Carrying multiple customer payloads, including the ashes of Star Trek's Scotty, this launch again saw a successful first stage. However, an unexpected relight of the first stage engine after separation caused it to bump and knock the second stage off course, killing the mission. This was a profound setback, as Musk had budgeted for only three flights, and the global economy was simultaneously collapsing. With the company nearly out of money and the world in a severe recession, Musk gathered his team, who expected him to announce closure. Instead, he declared they would make one more attempt with the remaining rocket parts, demanding it be ready in six weeks, though six months would have been more realistic. This fourth rocket's journey was not without its own drama: during transport in an Air Force C-17, the first stage imploded due to a pressure differential (SpaceX had used an outdated manual for the aircraft's pressurization). A young engineer, Zack Dunn, heroically crawled inside the crumpling rocket during descent to manually open valves, saving it from destruction. After rapid repairs, the fourth Falcon 1 launched in late September 2008. This time, it achieved orbit, carrying a dummy payload named "Rats". The team's jubilation, screaming "Orbit, orbit" at each other, marked a pivotal moment that Berger describes as "the end of the beginning" for SpaceX. This success, amidst immense technical hurdles, financial desperation, and a global economic crisis, underscored Musk's relentless determination, vertical integration strategy, and acceptance of failure as a learning tool. 1955

2.  Liftoff: Elon Musk and the Desperate Early Days that Launched SpaceX by Eric Berger, chronicles the turbulent and often precarious genesis of Elon Musk's ambitious rocket company, SpaceX. The narrative begins in March 2006 on Omelek Island, part of the Marshall Islands, where SpaceX prepared for the inaugural flight of its Falcon 1 rocket. Musk, having conceived the idea in 2001 to disrupt the space industry, founded SpaceX in 2002 despite being "laughed out of the room" by experts. He self-educated in rocketry and committed a significant portion of his fortune to the venture, pioneering a vertically integrated approach to manufacturing, building components like the Merlin engine in-house to reduce costs and accelerate development. The first three Falcon 1 launches were failures, each providing critical, hard-won lessons: 1. Launch 1 (March 2006): The Merlin engine ignited, but a corroded bolt, exacerbated by the humid tropical environment, caused a fuel leak and an engine fire, leading the rocket to crash back onto Omelek Island just 30 seconds after liftoff. Musk's philosophy that "failure is an option" guided the immediate post-crash investigation to collect debris and pinpoint the cause. 2. Launch 2 (March 2007): Despite the first stage working perfectly, the second stage, lacking "slosh baffles" (omitted based on computer models to save weight), spun out of control due to fuel sloshing. While it reached space (above 100 km), it failed to achieve a stable orbit, meaning SpaceX was not yet considered a "real rocket company" in the industry. This failure popularized the SpaceX proverb, "always go to 11". 3. Launch 3 (August 2008): Carrying multiple customer payloads, including the ashes of Star Trek's Scotty, this launch again saw a successful first stage. However, an unexpected relight of the first stage engine after separation caused it to bump and knock the second stage off course, killing the mission. This was a profound setback, as Musk had budgeted for only three flights, and the global economy was simultaneously collapsing. With the company nearly out of money and the world in a severe recession, Musk gathered his team, who expected him to announce closure. Instead, he declared they would make one more attempt with the remaining rocket parts, demanding it be ready in six weeks, though six months would have been more realistic. This fourth rocket's journey was not without its own drama: during transport in an Air Force C-17, the first stage imploded due to a pressure differential (SpaceX had used an outdated manual for the aircraft's pressurization). A young engineer, Zack Dunn, heroically crawled inside the crumpling rocket during descent to manually open valves, saving it from destruction. After rapid repairs, the fourth Falcon 1 launched in late September 2008. This time, it achieved orbit, carrying a dummy payload named "Rats". The team's jubilation, screaming "Orbit, orbit" at each other, marked a pivotal moment that Berger describes as "the end of the beginning" for SpaceX. This success, amidst immense technical hurdles, financial desperation, and a global economic crisis, underscored Musk's relentless determination, vertical integration strategy, and acceptance of failure as a learning tool. 1955

3.  Liftoff: Elon Musk and the Desperate Early Days that Launched SpaceX by Eric Berger, chronicles the turbulent and often precarious genesis of Elon Musk's ambitious rocket company, SpaceX. The narrative begins in March 2006 on Omelek Island, part of the Marshall Islands, where SpaceX prepared for the inaugural flight of its Falcon 1 rocket. Musk, having conceived the idea in 2001 to disrupt the space industry, founded SpaceX in 2002 despite being "laughed out of the room" by experts. He self-educated in rocketry and committed a significant portion of his fortune to the venture, pioneering a vertically integrated approach to manufacturing, building components like the Merlin engine in-house to reduce costs and accelerate development. The first three Falcon 1 launches were failures, each providing critical, hard-won lessons: 1. Launch 1 (March 2006): The Merlin engine ignited, but a corroded bolt, exacerbated by the humid tropical environment, caused a fuel leak and an engine fire, leading the rocket to crash back onto Omelek Island just 30 seconds after liftoff. Musk's philosophy that "failure is an option" guided the immediate post-crash investigation to collect debris and pinpoint the cause. 2. Launch 2 (March 2007): Despite the first stage working perfectly, the second stage, lacking "slosh baffles" (omitted based on computer models to save weight), spun out of control due to fuel sloshing. While it reached space (above 100 km), it failed to achieve a stable orbit, meaning SpaceX was not yet considered a "real rocket company" in the industry. This failure popularized the SpaceX proverb, "always go to 11". 3. Launch 3 (August 2008): Carrying multiple customer payloads, including the ashes of Star Trek's Scotty, this launch again saw a successful first stage. However, an unexpected relight of the first stage engine after separation caused it to bump and knock the second stage off course, killing the mission. This was a profound setback, as Musk had budgeted for only three flights, and the global economy was simultaneously collapsing. With the company nearly out of money and the world in a severe recession, Musk gathered his team, who expected him to announce closure. Instead, he declared they would make one more attempt with the remaining rocket parts, demanding it be ready in six weeks, though six months would have been more realistic. This fourth rocket's journey was not without its own drama: during transport in an Air Force C-17, the first stage imploded due to a pressure differential (SpaceX had used an outdated manual for the aircraft's pressurization). A young engineer, Zack Dunn, heroically crawled inside the crumpling rocket during descent to manually open valves, saving it from destruction. After rapid repairs, the fourth Falcon 1 launched in late September 2008. This time, it achieved orbit, carrying a dummy payload named "Rats". The team's jubilation, screaming "Orbit, orbit" at each other, marked a pivotal moment that Berger describes as "the end of the beginning" for SpaceX. This success, amidst immense technical hurdles, financial desperation, and a global economic crisis, underscored Musk's relentless determination, vertical integration strategy, and acceptance of failure as a learning tool. 1957

4.  Liftoff: Elon Musk and the Desperate Early Days that Launched SpaceX by Eric Berger, chronicles the turbulent and often precarious genesis of Elon Musk's ambitious rocket company, SpaceX. The narrative begins in March 2006 on Omelek Island, part of the Marshall Islands, where SpaceX prepared for the inaugural flight of its Falcon 1 rocket. Musk, having conceived the idea in 2001 to disrupt the space industry, founded SpaceX in 2002 despite being "laughed out of the room" by experts. He self-educated in rocketry and committed a significant portion of his fortune to the venture, pioneering a vertically integrated approach to manufacturing, building components like the Merlin engine in-house to reduce costs and accelerate development. The first three Falcon 1 launches were failures, each providing critical, hard-won lessons: 1. Launch 1 (March 2006): The Merlin engine ignited, but a corroded bolt, exacerbated by the humid tropical environment, caused a fuel leak and an engine fire, leading the rocket to crash back onto Omelek Island just 30 seconds after liftoff. Musk's philosophy that "failure is an option" guided the immediate post-crash investigation to collect debris and pinpoint the cause. 2. Launch 2 (March 2007): Despite the first stage working perfectly, the second stage, lacking "slosh baffles" (omitted based on computer models to save weight), spun out of control due to fuel sloshing. While it reached space (above 100 km), it failed to achieve a stable orbit, meaning SpaceX was not yet considered a "real rocket company" in the industry. This failure popularized the SpaceX proverb, "always go to 11". 3. Launch 3 (August 2008): Carrying multiple customer payloads, including the ashes of Star Trek's Scotty, this launch again saw a successful first stage. However, an unexpected relight of the first stage engine after separation caused it to bump and knock the second stage off course, killing the mission. This was a profound setback, as Musk had budgeted for only three flights, and the global economy was simultaneously collapsing. With the company nearly out of money and the world in a severe recession, Musk gathered his team, who expected him to announce closure. Instead, he declared they would make one more attempt with the remaining rocket parts, demanding it be ready in six weeks, though six months would have been more realistic. This fourth rocket's journey was not without its own drama: during transport in an Air Force C-17, the first stage imploded due to a pressure differential (SpaceX had used an outdated manual for the aircraft's pressurization). A young engineer, Zack Dunn, heroically crawled inside the crumpling rocket during descent to manually open valves, saving it from destruction. After rapid repairs, the fourth Falcon 1 launched in late September 2008. This time, it achieved orbit, carrying a dummy payload named "Rats". The team's jubilation, screaming "Orbit, orbit" at each other, marked a pivotal moment that Berger describes as "the end of the beginning" for SpaceX. This success, amidst immense technical hurdles, financial desperation, and a global economic crisis, underscored Musk's relentless determination, vertical integration strategy, and acceptance of failure as a learning tool. 1958

Meeting assets for record hotel lmal are ready!Hi David LivingstonThe following assets for the meeting - record hotel lmal are now available.Meeting summaryQuick recapSpaceX successfully conducted a Starship 10 test flight that achieved its key objectives despite some technical issues, though the delays have pushed back various mission timelines by about 9 months. The flight demonstrated successful satellite deployment capabilities and tested the vehicle's reentry technology, with plans to deploy real satellites on future missions. SpaceX is working toward a monthly launch cadence starting in 2026 with the Starship V3 version, while discussions continue regarding the vehicle's return to the launch site in Mexico.Next steps* SpaceX to continue development and testing of Starship V.3 with more powerful Raptor engines* SpaceX to work with FAA and Mexican government to address regulatory concerns about Starship returning to the launch site over Mexico* SpaceX to prepare for potential deployment of Starlink satellites on future operational Starship flights* SpaceX to analyze data collected from the heat shield performance during reentry* SpaceX to investigate the engine issue and flap damage that occurred during the Starship 10 test flightSummarySpaceX Starship 10 Test ReviewThe discussion focused on SpaceX's successful Starship 10 test flight, where Eric Berger from Ars Technica explained that the mission achieved its objectives of testing the upper stage performance, satellite deployment, and heat shield reentry, despite some engine issues and flap damage. David asked if the flight put SpaceX back on track, to which Berger replied that while they weren't off track, the delays have pushed back timelines for Starlink satellite deployments, refueling tests, and lunar missions by about 9 months. The conversation concluded with a discussion about SpaceX's reentry technology and the decision not to recover the Starship 1st stage during this test.SpaceX Starship Test Flight UpdateDavid discussed SpaceX's recent Starship test flight, explaining that while the vehicle reached nearly 200 kilometers in altitude, it intentionally stayed below orbital speed to ensure a controlled reentry. He noted that the flight successfully demonstrated the ability to deploy dummy Starlink satellites using a "Pez dispenser" mechanism, with plans to deploy real satellites on future flights. David also mentioned that SpaceX is working towards a monthly launch cadence starting in 2026 with the Starship V3 version, though there are ongoing discussions with Mexico regarding the return of the vehicle to the launch site.Special thanks to our sponsors:Northrup Grumman, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Helix Space in Luxembourg, Celestis Memorial Spaceflights, Astrox Corporation, Dr. Haym Benaroya of Rutgers University, The Space Settlement Progress Blog by John Jossy, The Atlantis Project, and Artless EntertainmentOur Toll Free Line for Live Broadcasts: 1-866-687-7223For real time program participation, email Dr. Space at: drspace@thespaceshow.comThe Space Show is a non-profit 501C3 through its parent, One Giant Leap Foundation, Inc. To donate via Pay Pal, use:To donate with Zelle, use the email address: david@onegiantleapfoundation.org.If you prefer donating with a check, please make the check payable to One Giant Leap Foundation and mail to:One Giant Leap Foundation, 11035 Lavender Hill Drive Ste. 160-306 Las Vegas, NV 89135Upcoming Programs:No program on Sunday August 31 due to Labor Day Holiday Weekend.Live Streaming is at https://www.thespaceshow.com/content/listen-live with the following live streaming sites:Stream Guys https://player.streamguys.com/thespaceshow/sgplayer3/player.php#FastServhttps://ic2646c302.fastserv.com/stream Get full access to The Space Show-One Giant Leap Foundation at doctorspace.substack.com/subscribe

Eric talked about the Starship flight 10, overall Starship progress and Artemis timelines. He also talked about the upcoming Version 3 of Starship next year. Read the full summary at www.thespaceshow.com and also doctorspace.substack.com.

Hotel Mars: Space test #10 success. Eric Berger, David Livingston https://aviationweek.com/space/launch-vehicles-propulsion/spacex-starship-program-back-track-after-textbook-flight-10

Show Schedule 8-27-25 Good evening. The show begins in China at the Shanghai Cooperation Organization annual gathering, including Putin, Modi and host Xi. First Hour 9:00-9:15 #Ukraine: SCO show. Colonel Jeff McCausland, USA (Retired) @McCauslJ @CBSNews @DickinsonCol 9:15-9:30 #Ukraine: Populism rising. Colonel Jeff McCausland, USA (Retired) @McCauslJ @CBSNews @DickinsonCol 9:30-9:45 Russia: Recession in the forecast. Michael Bernstam, Hoover 9:45-10:00 Hotel Mars: Space test #10 success. Eric Berger, David Livingston Second Hour 10:00-10:15 PRC: Fearing history. Steve Yates, Gordon Chang @GordonGChang, Gatestone, Newsweek, The Hill 10:15-10:30 PRC: High end does not solve the economy. Fraser Howie, @GordonGChang, Gatestone, Newsweek, The Hill 10:30-10:45 PRC: Crater bottomless. Anne Stevenson-Yang @GordonGChang, Gatestone, Newsweek, The Hill 10:45-11:00 PRC: 600,000 students in the US. Charles Burton, @GordonGChang, Gatestone, Newsweek, The Hill Third Hour 11:00-11:15 Iran: vs Australia. Gregory Copley, Defense & Foreign Affairs 11:15-11:30 SCO bolsters Putin. Gregory Copley, Defense & Foreign Affairs 11:30-11:45 Populism: Turns away from Kyiv. Gregory Copley, Defense & Foreign Affairs 11:45-12:00 King Charles: Health challenges. Gregory Copley, Defense & Foreign Affairs Fourth Hour 12:00-12:15 France: Blackberries ripe; Macron's government overripe. Simon Constable, Occitanie 12:15-12:30 UK: Farage UK Reform rising. Simon Constable, Occitanie 12:30-12:45 Edmund Burke: And DEI. Gregory Collins, Civitas Institute 12:45-1:00 AM Edmund Burke: And DEI. Gregory Collins, Civitas Institute continued

Preview: Starship. Colleague Eric Berger of Ars Technica comments on the SpaceX intention to monetize Starship for Starlink. More tonight. 1940

On Monday's show: The Texas Senate approved new congressional district maps on Saturday, which Gov. Greg Abbott says he'll sign “swiftly.” Does this mean lawmakers will now get to other items on the agenda for the second special session? We learn the latest from Blaise Gainey of the Texas Newsroom.Also this hour: Some recent tests suggest the secretive Chinese space program could beat the United States back to the moon. We learn more from Eric Berger of Ars Technica.Then, we learn about the latest developments in consumer technology with the help of columnist Dwight Silverman.And Major League Baseball is contemplating expansion and realignment. We discuss what that might look like for the Astros as we check in with Jeff Balke, co-host of the Bleav in Astros podcast.

Fireflies across the U.S. have seen a robust surge in growth this summer in part to a wetter weather pattern. But those fiery little critters — which some call lightning bugs — might be in a steady decline. “Insect populations are known to vary from year to year,” said Eric Berger, a freelance journalist for The Guardian. “A one-year increase is not enough to indicate that there has been a reversal in the downward trajectory of fireflies.”Berger added that scientists do not have baseline data for firefly species and only recently started to monitor populations. “A lot of what they're using is anecdotal evidence, but they have started to set up monitoring sites to inventory fireflies so that they can determine whether the population has increased or decreased,” he said. Of the studies conducted so far, Berger says fireflies face a number of threats from extended periods of drought due to climate change, light pollution, habitat destruction and the use of pesticides. To hear the full conversation, click play on the audio player above or subscribe to the Climate Cast podcast.

HOTEL MARS: SPACEX: THE STARSHIP PLAN FALLS BEHIND. ERIC BERGER, ARS TECHNICA. DAVID LIVINGSTON 1953

PREVIEW: Colleague Eric Berger of Ars Technica reports that Starship Test #9 fell short of desired reentry test and is a disappointment. More.