UltraSounds

Join Rachel and Sanaya, recently matched M4s, as they share reflections and advice about the residency application process. Timestamps:Writing application, personal statement 1:00Where to apply, signaling 9:50Interviews 21:20 Ranking 26:50Quick notes on SOAP 32:20 Takeaways 33:00 Resources:AAMC Report on SignalsResidency Prep EpisodeMatch 2023 EpisodeSOAP Episode

Join Rachel for tips and tricks to prepare for OBGYN clinic.TranscriptPrenatal Visits:Routine Prenatal TestingUltraSounds Routine Prenatal CarePreventative Care:USPSTF A&B GuidelinesNCCN Breast Cancer ScreeningACOG Breast Cancer ScreeningUltraSounds Cervical Cancer ScreeningUltraSounds ContraceptionUltraSounds Sexual FunctioningProblem Visits:ACOG Bulletin 128 Diagnosing AUBUltraSounds AUB PALMUltraSounds AUB COEINACOG Bulletin 215 VaginitisUltraSounds STIsAAFP Lower Quadrant Pain

Rachel describes what a medical student can expect during a C-section. C-section Walkthrough Transcript

Join Rachel for a walkthrough of what you can expect as a medical student during a vaginal delivery. Vaginal Delivery Walkthrough ⁠Transcript⁠

Tune in for a rundown on the basics of L&D with 4th year med student, Rachel! Transcript: https://bit.ly/UltraSoundsCSG1 Labor 1:28 Fetal Positioning 3:25 Fetal Monitoring 5:05 Induction 9:25 Postpartum Hemorrhage 12:28 Resources UltraSounds Normal Labor Practice Bulletin 106 Fetal Monitoring Practice Bulletin 116 Fetal Monitoring Management Practice Bulletin 107 Labor Induction Arrive Trial Medical Indications for Induction Committee Opinion 831 Practice Bulletin 183 Postpartum Hemorrhage  UltraSounds Postpartum Hemorrhage

Rachel and Sanaya chat with Dr. Helen Morgan about the residency application process. ⁠APGO Resources⁠ 00:46 Dr. Morgan Bio 01:27 Overview of Application Process 03:39 Understanding what you want in a program 07:17 Signaling 10:18 Equity in application process 13:12 What makes an applicant stand out 16:06 New application platform 17:33 Final advice Transcript: bit.ly/UltraSounds_ResApp

Asavari and Rachel speak with Olivia de Bear, MPAS, PA-C about her journey to becoming an inpatient PA within the field of gynecology oncology. 00:38: Olivia de Bear Bio Transcript:bit.ly/ultrasounds_PA

Asavari and Rachel discuss common postop complications, workup, and management with Olivia de Bear, MPAS, PA-C. 0:30: Olivia de Bear Bio 1:01 Case 1: 52yo woman s/p TLH and bilateral salpingectomy with low urine output 11:06 Case 2: 58yo woman s/p ex lap, TAH, BSO, pelvic mass removal, and staging procedures for ovarian cancer with intolerance of PO intake, nausea, and emesis 20:11 Case 3: 62yo with newly diagnosed endometrial cancer s/p TLH, BSO, and sentinel lymph nodes with new-onset dyspnea Transcript: bit.ly/gynpostop References: Postop oliguria differential Brackmann voiding trial Acute abdominal series Review of postop fever w's MD Calc Caprini Score ACOG Practice Bulletin no. 232: Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in Gynecologic Surgery Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS®) society guidelines for gynecologic oncology: Addressing implementation challenges - 2023 update⁠

Jourdan and Sanaya talk with Dr. K about her research and career path in epidemiology and public health examining sex differences through menopause and pregnancy. 00:48 Bio 01:45 To start, could you tell us a little bit about your educational trajectory and how you ended up teaching at the school of public health?  10:01 Now we'd love to hear a little about your current research projects, the lab you run through SPH as well how you began working in this discipline.  19:06 With that, what are some specific considerations individuals interested in women's health research should be mindful of?  21:37 How do you recommend that medical practitioners or medical students who are interested in your research get involved? 24:07 In light of this, how do you see epidemiology transforming the medical field in the next 10 years?  25:54 Our last question for you Dr. K, what would you say is your favorite part of your work?  Mid Life Science SWAN Study School of Public Health Epidemiology NIA Biobank Transcript: https://bit.ly/Ultrasounds_Research_K

Asavari and Rachel discuss endometrial cancer risk factors, diagnosis, workup, and management with Dr. Katelyn Tondo-Steele. 00:30:  Dr. Tondo-Steele Bio  01:32: Endometrial Cancer Overview 05:00 Case 1: 28yo G0 woman with EIN  14:00 Case 2: 59yo G3P2 postmenopausal woman with AUB  22:23 Case 3: 73yo G2P2 with postmenopausal bleeding, dyspnea, pelvic pain, and other systemic symptoms  Transcript: https://bit.ly/Ultrasounds_endocancer Resources: ACOG Practice Bulletin 149: Endometrial Cancer ACOG Clinical Consensus Number 5: Management of Endometrial Intraepithelial Neoplasia or Atypical Endometrial Hyperplasia NEJM Endometrial Cancer Review Article NCCN Endometrial Cancer Guidelines ACOG Committee Opinion Number 734: The Role of Transvaginal Ultrasonography in Evaluating the Endometrium of Women with Postmenopausal Bleeding American Cancer Society: Ket Statistics for Endometrial Cancer AAFP Endometrial Biopsy

Asavari and Rachel discuss what it's like to be a midwife and Joanne's personal career journey. Transcript: bit.ly/Ultrasounds_midwifery

Rachel and Asavari discuss routine prenatal care with midwife Joanne Bailey. 00:40: ⁠Joanne's Bio 01:10 Case 1: Preconception Visit  05:48 Case 2: First Trimester Visit 17:21 Case 3: Second Trimester Visit 19:58 Case 4: Third Trimester Visit Transcript: ⁠bit.ly/Ultrasounds_prenatal References:  Michigan Medicine Prenatal Care Guidelines ACOG Birth Plan Tool

Asavari and Rachel discuss contraception counseling while utilizing a reproductive justice framework with Dr. Starr. 00:31: Dr. Starr Bio 01:15: Introduction to Contraception and Reproductive Justice Definition 02:22 Case 1: 36yo G1P1 woman with contraindications to estrogen-containing contraceptive methods 11:39 Case 2: 24yo G3P2 needing to discuss postpartum contraception 21:49 Case 3: 31yo G0 interested in emergency contraception Transcript: https://bit.ly/ultrasounds_contraception References: ACOG Committee Statement no. 1: Patient Centered Contraception Counseling ACOG Infographic: Effectiveness of Birth Control Methods Bedsider Birth Control ACOG Postpartum Contraception & Breastfeeding MDHHS Informed Consent for Sterilization UC Davis Emergency Contraception Infographic ACOG Practice Bulletin no. 152: Emergency Contraception ACOG Committee Opinion no. 707: Access to Emergency Contraception Planned Parenthood: What type of emergency contraception should I use?

Rachel and Brittany discuss reproductive justice with Dr. Charisse Loder. Transcript: https://bit.ly/UltraSounds_RJ References RJ Med Ed Project Loder, Charisse MD; et al. Is Perceived Discrimination Associated With Contraceptive Method Use in a National Sample of Women? Obstetrics & Gynecology 129(5):p 67S, May 2017. Finkbeiner, Chelsea; et al. Changing Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency Education to Combat Reproductive Injustice: A Call to Action. Obstetrics & Gynecology 137(4):p 717-722, April 2021.

Brittany and Rachel discuss evidence based abortion care with Dr. Charisse Loder. 01:23 Dr. Loder Bio 02:00 Case 1: 27 year old G1P0 with positive pregnancy test 07:59 Case 2: 31 year old G2P1 nonbinary patient with undesired pregnancy 14:02 Case 3: 29 year old G3P2 at 20w4d with fetal anomaly Transcript: https://bit.ly/UltraSounds_abortioncare References ACOG Practice Bulletin 225. Medication Abortion Up to 70 Days Gestation. ACOG Practice Bulletin 135. Second Trimester Abortion. PEW Research Center. What the data says about abortion in the U.S. Guttmacher Institute. Interactive Map: US Abortion Policies and Access After Roe

Asavari and Rachel review three patient cases and the infertility workup for each case with Dr. Moravek. 00:38: Dr. Moravek Bio 01:43: Infertility Introduction and Definitions 03:24 Case 1: 29yo G0 woman with irregular periods, acne, and weight gain 11:26 Case 2: 32yo G0 woman with a history of a sexually transmitted infection 18:22 Case 3: 38yo G2P2 woman with difficulty becoming pregnant  Transcript: https://bit.ly/ultrasounds_infertility References: ACOG committee opinion, number 781: Infertility workup for the women's health specialist AAFP Diagnosis and Treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome AAFP Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Common Questions and Answers AAFP Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention ASRM Ovarian Reserve (predicting fertility potential in women) Michigan Medicine OB/GYN Infections Guidelines The Normal Menstrual Cycle and the Control of Ovulation Khan Academy Ovarian Cycle Video Additional Resources for LGBTQ+ Health and Infertility: ACOG committee opinion no. 749: Marriage and Family building Equality for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Intersex, Asexual, and Gender Nonconforming Individuals ASRM Access to Fertility Services by Transgender and Nonbinary persons: an Ethics Committee Opinion Since this podcast was recorded, ASRM has expanded the definition of infertility to be more inclusive. Infertility includes any of the following factors: 1) the inability to achieve a successful pregnancy based on a patient's medical, sexual, and reproductive history, age, physical findings, diagnostic testing, or any combination of those factors OR 2) the need for medical intervention, including, but not limited to, the use of donor gametes or donor embryos in order to achieve a successful pregnancy either as an individual or with a partner, OR 3) in patients having regular, unprotected intercourse and without any known etiology for either partner suggestive of impaired reproductive ability, evaluation should be initiated at 12 months when the female partner is under 35 years of age and at 6 months when the female partner is 35 years of age or older.

Rachel and Asavari speak with Dr. McEvoy about her career working with adolescents at the Corner Health Clinic. Transcript: https://bit.ly/UltraSounds_CornerHealth Corner Health Center

Asavari and Rachel discuss adolescent reproductive healthcare with Dr. Anna McEvoy. 00:30 Dr. McEvoy Bio 01:07 Case 1: 15 year old seeking contraception 10:13 Case 2: 16 year old with foul-smelling vaginal discharge  15:20 Case 3: 17 year old with late period  Transcript: https://bit.ly/UltraSounds_teens Resources: Guttmacher Institute ACOG committee opinion no. 710: counseling adolescents about contraception Bridgercare's 4 most popular birth control methods ACOG committee opinion no. 803: Confidentiality in adolescent health care Mott Children's Hospital, Contraception for Teens CDC STI Treatment Guidelines Corner Health Center

Rachel and Brittany discuss Dr. Kalwani's career path including her experiencing SOAPing into family medicine after applying to OBGYN. Transcript: https://bit.ly/UltraSounds_careers

Brittany and Rachel discuss sexual functioning with Dr. Shubham Kalwani. 00:22 Dr. Kalwani Bio 01:46 Case 1: 40 year old woman with low libido 11:47 Case 2: 57 year old woman with dyspareunia  Transcript: https://bit.ly/UltraSounds_sexualfunc Resources: Practice Bulletin 213: Female Sexual Dysfunction. ACOG. July 2019.

Sarena and Theresa discuss their experiences applying to OBGYN residency in the 2023 Match. 01:46 Any advice on how to start writing your personal statement or what gave you inspiration for your personal statement? 09:42 How did you prepare for interviews? Is there anything you would have done differently? 22:40 What do you wish you would have known when you were applying/starting the application process? Transcript: https://tinyurl.com/UltrasoundsPostMatch

Sarena and Theresa discuss normal labor with Dr. David Marzano. 00:34 Dr. Marzano Biography 02:44 Case 1: 26yo G2P1 at 39w3d presenting to triage with contractions 09:20 Case 2: 32yo G3P2 at 39w6d is admitted to L&D in spontaneous labor 17:52 Case 3: 38yo G2P1 at 40w5d delivers a healthy baby boy Transcript: https://bit.ly/Ultrasounds_Labor Resources: Mark B., Landon et al. 2021. Gabbe's Obstetrics: Normal and Problem Pregnancies. Philadelphia, PA, Elsevier. Approaches to limit intervention during labor and birth. ACOG Committee Opinion No. 766. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Obstet Gynecol 2019;133:e164–73.

Brittany and Jordan continue their discussion with Dr. Mahela Ashraf on perinatal mood disorders. 00:46 Case 1: A 31 year old G2P2 comes in to clinic for her 6 week postpartum visit. 08:50 Case 2: The patient in the previous vignette is interested in starting an SSRI to treat her anxiety. Transcript: https://tinyurl.com/UltrasoundsPerinatalMH2 Berens, Pamela. “Overview of the Postpartum Period: Disorders and Complications.” Edited by Charles Lockwood and Vanessa Barss, UpToDate, 6 Sept. 2022, https://www.uptodate.com/contents/overview-of-the-postpartum-period-disorders-and-complications?search=postpartum+anxiety&source=search_result&selectedTitle=2~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=2#H352546182. Lanza di Scalea T, Wisner KL. Antidepressant medication use during breastfeeding. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Sep;52(3):483-97. doi: 10.1097/GRF.0b013e3181b52bd6. PMID: 19661763; PMCID: PMC2902256. Use of psychiatric medications during pregnancy and lactation. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 92. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Obstet Gynecol 2008;111:1001–20.

Survey: https://bit.ly/feedback_UltraSounds Brittany and Jordan discuss perinatal mood disorders with Dr. Mahela Ashraf. 00:43 Dr. Ashraf Biography 02:16 Case: 23 year old G1P1 comes into clinic for her 6 week postpartum visit Transcript: https://tinyurl.com/UltrasoundsPerinatalMH Berens, Pamela. “Overview of the Postpartum Period: Disorders and Complications.” Edited by Charles Lockwood and Vanessa Barss, UpToDate, 6 Sept. 2022, https://www.uptodate.com/contents/overview-of-the-postpartum-period-disorders-and-complications?search=postpartum+anxiety&source=search_result&selectedTitle=2~150&usage_type=default&display_rank=2#H352546182. Lanza di Scalea T, Wisner KL. Antidepressant medication use during breastfeeding. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Sep;52(3):483-97. doi: 10.1097/GRF.0b013e3181b52bd6. PMID: 19661763; PMCID: PMC2902256. Use of psychiatric medications during pregnancy and lactation. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 92. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Obstet Gynecol 2008;111:1001–20.

Survey: https://bit.ly/feedback_UltraSounds Sarena and Theresa discuss multifetal pregnancies and potential complications with Dr. Alissa Carver. 0:33 Dr. Carver Bio 2:54 25 year old G1P0 at 27 weeks with a risk of cord entanglement 10:38 36 year old G2P1 at 8 weeks with twins at first ultrasounds 21:34 28 year old G1P0 at 9 weeks with di-di twins Transcript: bit.ly/Ultrasounds_multiples American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists' Committee on Practice Bulletins—Obstetrics, Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine. Multifetal Gestations: Twin, Triplet, and Higher-Order Multifetal Pregnancies: ACOG Practice Bulletin, Number 231. Obstet Gynecol. 2021 Jun 1;137(6):e145-e162. American Society for Reproductive Medicine, Multiple Pregnancy and Birth: Twins, Triplets, and High Order Multiples Borse V, Shanks AL. Twin-To-Twin Transfusion Syndrome. 2022 Oct 10. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan.

Survey: https://bit.ly/feedback_UltraSounds Sarena and Brittany talk with Dr. Emma Lawrence about her career in Global Health from undergrad to being an Attending. They also discuss how to optimize international rotations as a medical student. Dr. Lawrence Bio Transcript: https://tinyurl.com/UltrasoundsGlobalHealth

Survey: https://bit.ly/feedback_UltraSounds Sanaya and Regina discuss ethical considerations of managing opioid use disorder in pregnancy with Dr. Townsel. 0:54 Dr. Townsel Bio 1:43 Partnering for the Futures Clinic 4:30 Criminalization of SUD in pregnancy 8:49 Role of Child Protective Services Transcript: bit.ly/Ultrasounds_OUD2 Price HR, Collier AC, Wright TE. Screening Pregnant Women and Their Neonates for Illicit Drug Use: Consideration of the Integrated Technical, Medical, Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues. Front Pharmacol. 2018 Aug 28;9:961. Pulatie, K. The Legality of Drug-Testing Procedures for Pregnant Women. AMA J Ethics. 2008;10(1):41-44. Simon R, Giroux J, Chor J. Effects of Substance Use Disorder Criminalization on American Indian Pregnant Individuals. AMA J Ethics. 2020;22(10). Opposition to criminalization of individuals during pregnancy and the postpartum period. ACOG. (2020, December). Retrieved November 14, 2022.

Survey: https://bit.ly/feedback_UltraSounds Sanaya and Regina discuss the management of opioid use disorder in pregnancy with Dr. Townsel. 0:44 Dr. Townsel Bio 1:25 Case 1: 29 year old at 6 weeks pregnant inquiring about oxycodone use 4:12 Case 2: 29 year old on buprenorphine treatment during pregnancy 6:24 Case 3: Neonate with tremors, fever after delivery Transcript: bit.ly/Ultrasounds_OUD1 Jansson, L. M., & Wilkie, L. (2022, April 29). Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome. UpToDate. Retrieved November 14, 2022. Opioid use and opioid use disorder in pregnancy. Committee Opinion No. 711. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Obstet Gynecol 2017;130:e81–94. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021, July 21). Treatment for opioid use disorder before, during, and after pregnancy. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Seligman, N. S., Rosenthal, E., & Berghella, V. (2021, November 10). Overview of management of opioid use disorder during pregnancy. UpToDate. Whelan PJ, Remski K. Buprenorphine vs methadone treatment: A review of evidence in both developed and developing worlds. J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2012 Jan;3(1):45-50. Inspira Health. “The EAT, Sleep, Console Method for Infants with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome.” Inspira Health, 20 Apr. 2022.

Survey: https://bit.ly/feedback_UltraSounds Theresa and Rachel discuss postpartum hemorrhage with Dr. Luke Burns. 00:30 Dr. Burns Biography 01:50 Case 1: 35 year old G4P4 with polyhydramnios, boggy uterus 09:17 Case 2: 35 year old G4P4 with postpartum hemorrhage and chronic hypertension 16:53 Case 3: hemodynamically unstable 35 year old G4P4 with postpartum hemorrhage 23:59 Case 4: 35 year old G4P4 with no return of menstruation Transcript: https://bit.ly/Ultrasounds_PPH Trends in maternal mortality: 2000 to 2017: estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and the United Nations Population Division. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 183: Postpartum Hemorrhage. Obstet Gynecol 2017, 30(4). Wormer KC, Jamil RT, Bryant SB. Acute Postpartum Hemorrhage. StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan. ACOG Committee Opinion No. 794: Quantitative blood loss in obstetric hemorrhage. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Obstet Gynecol 2019;134. Bell, S. F., et al (2020). Incidence of postpartum haemorrhage defined by quantitative blood loss measurement: a national cohort. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 20(1), 271. Parry Smith WR, et al. Uterotonic agents for first‐line treatment of postpartum haemorrhage: a network meta‐analysis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2020, Issue 11. Vogel JP, et al. WHO recommendations on uterotonics for postpartum haemorrhage prevention: what works, and which one? BMJ Global Health 2019. A. Borovac-Pinheiro, et al. (2018). Postpartum hemorrhage: new insights for definition and diagnosis. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 219(2):162-8. A. Leleu, et al. (2021). Intrauterine balloon tamponade in the management of severe postpartum haemorrhage after vaginal delivery: Is the failure early predictable?. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 258:317-323. Schury MP, Adigun R. Sheehan Syndrome. StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan.

Survey: https://bit.ly/feedback_UltraSounds Theresa and Rachel discuss the placenta accreta spectrum with Dr. Luke Burns. 00:37 Dr. Burns Biography 02:17 Case 1: 29 year old G6P3 at 21w3d with 2 prior C sections 09:55 Case 2: 29 year old G6P3 at 39w3d with difficult placenta delivery during C section 15:05 Case 3: 29 year old G6P3 placenta pathology report Transcript: https://bit.ly/ultrasounds_PAS References: Society of Gynecologic Oncology, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the Society for Maternal–Fetal Medicine, Cahill, A. G., Beigi, R., Heine, R. P., Silver, R. M., & Wax, J. R. (2018). Placenta Accreta Spectrum. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 219(6), B2–B16. Obstetric Care Consensus No. 7 Summary: Placenta Accreta Spectrum. (2018). Obstetrics and gynecology, 132(6), 1519–1521. Zuckerwise, L. C., Craig, A. M., Newton, J. M., Zhao, S., Bennett, K. A., & Crispens, M. A. (2020). Outcomes following a clinical algorithm allowing for delayed hysterectomy in the management of severe placenta accreta spectrum. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 222(2), 179.e1–179.e9. Jauniaux, E., Collins, S., & Burton, G. J. (2018). Placenta accreta spectrum: pathophysiology and evidence-based anatomy for prenatal ultrasound imaging. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 218(1), 75–87. Silver, R. M., & Barbour, K. D. (2015). Placenta accreta spectrum: accreta, increta, and percreta. Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America, 42(2), 381–402. Margherita Y. Turco, Ashley Moffett; Development of the human placenta. Development 15 November 2019; 146 (22).

Survey: Fill out our feedback survey for a chance to win a $50 Amazon Giftcard: https://tinyurl.com/ultrasounds-survey Summary: Brittany and Sarena chat with other medical students while in Kumasi, Ghana. They discuss how their gender identities have shaped their medical training in their respective countries of Ghana, Sweden, Brazil, and the United States. They are joined by Enam Abra Seyki, Mwini-Numbu Nacauley, Lovisa Waagaard, Delice Wallin, and Maria Guadalupe. Schools represented include: Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in Ghana (Enam and Mwini), Linköping University in Sweden (Lovisa), Göteborgs University in Sweden (Delice), Faculdade de Medicina de Jundiaí in Brazil (Maria) and the University of Michigan (Brittany and Sarena). Thank you to Enam and Mwini for hosting the rest of us at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Kumasi, Ghana! Transcript: https://tinyurl.com/UltrasoundsInternational2 Disclosures/Disclaimers: The OBGYN Delivered team has no relevant financial disclosures. The Ultrasounds podcast is for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Please do not use any of the information presented to treat, diagnose, or prevent real life medical concerns. The statements made on this podcast are solely those of the OB/GYN Delivered hosts and guests and do not reflect the views of any specific institution of organization.

Survey: https://tinyurl.com/ultrasounds-survey Summary: Brittany and Sarena chat with other medical students while in Kumasi, Ghana about the differences in physician training in Ghana, Sweden, Brazil, and the United States. They are joined by Enam Abra Seyki, Mwini-Numbu Nacauley, Lovisa Waagaard, Delice Wallin, and Maria Guadalupe. Schools represented include: Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in Ghana (Enam and Mwini), Linköping University in Sweden (Lovisa), Göteborgs University in Sweden (Delice), Faculdade de Medicina de Jundiaí in Brazil (Maria) and the University of Michigan (Brittany and Sarena). Thank you to Enam and Mwini for hosting the rest of us at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Kumasi, Ghana! Transcript: https://tinyurl.com/ultrasoundsinternational1 Disclosures/Disclaimers: The OBGYN delivered team has no relevant financial disclosures. The Ultrasounds podcast is for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Please do not use any of the information presented to treat, diagnose, or prevent real life medical concerns. The statements made on this podcast are solely those of the OB/GYN Delivered hosts and guests and do not reflect the views of any specific institution of organization.

SURVEY LINK: https://bit.ly/feedback_UltraSounds SUMMARY: Theresa and Rachel discuss 3 clinical vignettes regarding pediatric gyn issues. TIMESTAMPS: 00:49 Dr. Rosen Biography 01:32 Case 1: 4 year old girl with vaginal bleeding 07:11 Case 2: 4 year old girl with foul smelling discharge 10:30 Case 3: 14 year old girl with pelvic pain and bulging hymen 14:23 Case 4: 14 year old girl with pelvic pain 19:49 Case 5: 3 year old girl with vaginal bleeding and belly pain 21:12 Wrap-up LINKS: Rosen, MW, Quint, EH. Managing Genital and Pelvic Pain in Young Adults. Contemp Ob/Gyn. 2022;67(6). Rosen, MW, Quint, EH. Have no fear! Premenarchal vaginal bleeding. Contemp Ob/Gyn. 2022;67(5). Lee KH et al. Imperforate hymen: a comprehensive systematic review. J Clin Med. 2019;8(1):56. Berenson AB, et al. Appearance of the hymen in prepubertal girls. Pediatrics. 1992;89(3):387-394. Strickland AL, Fadare O. Pediatric vulvar malignancies: rare but important to know. Semin Diagn Pathol. 2021;38(1):99-109. Pommert, BW. Pediatric gynecologic cancers. Curr Oncol Rep. 2017;19(7):44. Triarico S, et al. Gynecological cancer among adolescents and young adults (AYA). Ann Transl Med. 2020;8(6):397. Nayak S, Witchel SF, Sanfilippo JS. Vaginal foreign body: a delayed diagnosis. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2014;27(6):e127-129. Shurtless, BT, Barone JG. Urethral Prolapse: Four Quadrant Excisional Technique. J Ped Adolesc Gyn. 2002;15(4):209-211. Fernandes ET, et al. Urethral prolapse in children. Urology. 1993;41(3):240-242. TRANSCRIPT: https://bit.ly/ultrasounds_PAGs DISCLOSURES/DISCLAIMERS: The OBGYN Delivered student team has no relevant financial disclosures. The Ultrasounds podcast is for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Please do not use any of the information presented to treat, diagnose, or prevent real life medical concerns. The statements made on this podcast are solely those of the OB/GYN Delivered hosts and guests and do not reflect the views of any specific institution or organization.

SURVEY LINK: https://bit.ly/feedback_UltraSounds SUMMARY: Theresa and Rachel discuss 3 clinical vignettes regarding gyn care for adolescents and girls with disabilities. TIMESTAMPS: 00:53 Dr. Monica Rosen Biography 02:06 Case 1: 13 year old girl with a history of cerebral palsy presenting with concerns about menstruation 08:57 Case 2: 21 year old woman with a history of spina bifida presenting for gynecologic exam 12:08 Case 3: 8 year old girl with a history of trisomy 21 presenting with concerns about menarche and puberty 18:52 Wrap-up LINKS: Reimers, Arne, et al. “Ethinyl Estradiol, Not Progestogens, Reduces Lamotrigine Serum Concentrations.” Epilepsia. 2005;46(9):1414–1417. Curtis, Tepper, Jatlaoui, et al. U.S. Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use, 2016.; 2016. Daunov M et al. Prevalence of VTE in Ambulatory and Non-Ambulatory Patients with Cerebral Palsy. Pathophysiology of Thrombosis. 2019;134(1):2428. ACOG Committee Opinion, No. 651. Menstruation in girls and Adolescents: Using the Menstrual Cycle as a Vital Sign. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;126(6). Cutler G. The role of estrogen in bone growth and maturation during childhood and adolescence. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1997;61(3-6):141-144. Frances YF et al. Satisfaction With Hormonal Treatment for Menstrual Suppression in Adolescents and Young Women With Disabilities. J Adolesc Health. 2021;69(3):482-488. Quint, EH. Adolescents with Special Needs: Clinical Challenges in Reproductive Health Care. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2016;21(1):2-6. Fei YF, Ernst SD, Dendrinos ML, Quint EH. Preparing for Puberty in Girls With Special Needs: A Cohort Study of Caregiver Concerns and Patient Outcomes. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2021;34(4):471-476. Enujioke SC, Leland B, Munson E, et al. Sexuality Among Adolescents With Intellectual Disability: Balancing Autonomy and Protection. Pediatrics. 2021;148(5). TRANSCRIPT: https://bit.ly/ultrasounds_PAGs_disabilities DISCLOSURES/DISCLAIMERS: The OBGYN Delivered student team has no relevant financial disclosures. The Ultrasounds podcast is for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Please do not use any of the information presented to treat, diagnose, or prevent real life medical concerns. The statements made on this podcast are solely those of the OB/GYN Delivered hosts and guests and do not reflect the views of any specific institution or organization.

SURVEY LINK: https://bit.ly/feedback_UltraSounds SUMMARY: Rachel and Sanaya discuss 3 clinical vignettes regarding cancer genetics with Dr. Versha Pleasant, MD, MPH. TIMESTAMPS: 00:41 Dr. Versha Pleasant Biography 02:18 Case 1: 42-year-old woman presents to establishcare 11:01 Case 2: 34-year-old woman presents to discuss risk reducing surgery for breast cancer. 07:35 Case 3: 47-year-old patient with abnormal uterine bleeding on Tamoxifen. 24:12 Wrap-up LINKS: Practice Bulletin No 182: Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome, Obstetrics & Gynecology: September 2017 - Volume 130 - Issue 3 - p e110-e126 doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000002296 Daly MB, Pal T, Berry MP, et al. Genetic/Familial High-Risk Assessment: Breast, Ovarian, and Pancreatic, Version 2.2021, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2021;19(1):77-102. doi:10.6004/jnccn.2021.0001 Pleasant VA, Griggs JJ. Contemporary Residential Segregation and Cancer Disparities. J Clin Oncol. 2021 Sept;39(25):2739-2741. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.21.01328 Schneider K, Zelley K, Nichols KE, et al. Li-Fraumeni Syndrome. 1999 Jan 19 [Updated 2019 Nov 21]. In: Adam MP, Mirzaa GM, Pagon RA, et al., editors. GeneReviews® [Internet]. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-2022. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1311/ Kumamoto T, Yamazaki F, Nakano Y, et al. Correction to: Medical guidelines for Li-Fraumeni syndrome 2019, version 1.1. Int J Clin Oncol. 2022;27(1):262-263. doi:10.1007/s10147-021-02086-5 Idos G, Valle L. Lynch Syndrome. In: Adam MP, Mirzaa GM, Pagon RA, et al., eds. GeneReviews®. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; February 5, 2004. McGarrity TJ, Amos CI, Baker MJ. Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome. In: Adam MP, MirzaaGM, Pagon RA, et al., eds. GeneReviews®. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; February 23, 2001. TRANSCRIPT: https://bit.ly/ultrasounds_CancerGenetics DISCLOSURES/DISCLAIMERS: The OBGYN Delivered student team has no relevant financial disclosures. The Ultrasounds podcast is for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Please do not use any of the information presented to treat, diagnose, or prevent real life medical concerns. The statements made on this podcast are solely those of the OB/GYN Delivered hosts and guests and do not reflect the views of any specific institution or organization.

SURVEY LINK: https://bit.ly/feedback_UltraSounds SUMMARY: Brittany and Jourdan discuss five clinical vignettes regarding cervical cancer screening with Dr. Elizabeth Campbell, MD. TIMESTAMPS: 00:30: Intro 00:43: Dr. Campbell Bio 01:09: Case 1: 27 year old with LSIL 03:52: Case 2: 34 year old with a history of atypical squamous cells of unknown significance 06:14: Case 3: 44 year old presenting with post-coital vaginal bleeding 09:12: Case 4: 67 year old with considerations for screening 12:21: Case 5: 16 year old unvaccinated against HPV 16:23: Wrap-up LINKS: Recommendation: Cervical Cancer: Screening. US Preventive Services Taskforce, 21 Aug. 2018. HPV Vaccination. American College of Obstetricians & Gynecologists Abnormal Cervical Cancer Screening Test Results. American College of Obstetricians & Gynecologists American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Updated guidelines for management of cervical cancer screening abnormalities. Practice Advisory. Washington, DC: American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; 2021. Fontham, Elizabeth T., et al. “Cervical Cancer Screening for Individuals at Average Risk: 2020 Guideline Update from the American Cancer Society.” Khan, Michelle J. et al. “ASCCP Colposcopy Standards: Role of Colposcopy, Benefits, Potential Harms, and Terminology for Colposcopic Practice.” Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Management, Up to Date Colposcopy, Up to Date Cervical Cancer Screening Management, Up to Date HPV Vaccination Recommendations. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention TRANSCRIPT: https://bit.ly/ultrasounds_CervicalCancerScreen DISCLOSURES/DISCLAIMERS: The OBGYN Delivered student team has no relevant financial disclosures. The Ultrasounds podcast is for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Please do not use any of the information presented to treat, diagnose, or prevent real life medical concerns. The statements made on this podcast are solely those of the OB/GYN Delivered hosts and guests and do not reflect the views of any specific institution.

SURVEY LINK: https://bit.ly/feedback_UltraSounds SUMMARY: Rachel and Jourdan discuss three clinical vignettes regarding pelvic floor disorders with Dr. Dee Fenner, MD. TIMESTAMPS: 00:30: Intro 00:44: Dr. Fenner Bio 01:24: Case 1: 60-year-old with vaginal discomfort and feeling of fullness 07:16: Case 2: 53-year-old with incomplete bowel voiding 11:49: Case 3: 63-year-old with foul smelling vaginal discharge 16:18: Case 4: 39-year-old with fecal incontinence 20:40: Wrap-up LINKS: Berger MB, Khandwala N, Fenner DE, Burney RE. Colovaginal Fistulas: Presentation, Evaluation, and Management. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2016;22(5):355-358. doi:10.1097/SPV.0000000000000289 Mayo Clinic: Fecal Incontinence Grimes WR, Stratton M. Pelvic Floor Dysfunction. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island, FL: StatPears Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Available from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559246/ UChicago: Pelvic Floor Disorders TRANSCRIPT: https://bit.ly/ultrasounds_PelvicFloor DISCLOSURES/DISCLAIMERS: The OBGYN Delivered student team has no relevant financial disclosures. The Ultrasounds podcast is for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Please do not use any of the information presented to treat, diagnose, or prevent real life medical concerns. The statements made on this podcast are solely those of the OB/GYN Delivered hosts and guests and do not reflect the views of any specific institution or organization.

SURVEY LINK: https://bit.ly/survey_UltraSounds SUMMARY: Rachel and Jourdan discuss three vignettes on urinary incontinence with Dr. Dee Fenner, MD. TIMESTAMPS: 00:30: Intro 00:57: Dr. Fenner Bio 02:19: Case 1: 59-year-old leaking urine during exercise 09:05: Case 2: 65-year-old with diabetes and nearly constant urinary leakage 16:18: Case 3: 43-year-old with intermittent sudden urge to urinate 23:47: Patient impact 26:52: Wrap-up LINKS: Berger MB, Khandwala N, Fenner DE, Burney RE. Colovaginal Fistulas: Presentation, Evaluation, and Management. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2016;22(5):355-358. doi:10.1097/SPV.0000000000000289 Mayo Clinic: Fecal Incontinence Grimes WR, Stratton M. Pelvic Floor Dysfunction. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island, FL: StatPears Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Available from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559246/ UChicago: Pelvic Floor Disorders UChicago: Overactive Bladder TRANSCRIPT: https://bit.ly/ultrasounds_incontinence DISCLOSURES/DISCLAIMERS: The OBGYN Delivered student team has no relevant financial disclosures. The Ultrasounds podcast is for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Please do not use any of the information presented to treat, diagnose, or prevent real life medical concerns. The statements made on this podcast are solely those of the OB/GYN Delivered hosts and guests and do not reflect the views of any specific institution or organization.

Kavya and Brittany discuss the changes made to the ObGyn Residency Match process with Dr. Maya Hammoud, MD, MBA. DISCLOSURES/DISCLAIMERS: The OBGYN Delivered student team has no relevant financial disclosures. The Ultrasounds podcast is for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Please do not use any of the information presented to treat, diagnose, or prevent real life medical concerns. The statements made on this podcast are solely those of the OB/GYN Delivered hosts and guests and do not reflect the views of any specific institution or organization. TIMESTAMPS: 0:21: Introduction 2:30: Dr. Hammoud's interest in MedEd and the Match Process 3:43: Details about the APGO RRR Program 5:55: How ObGyn is paving the way for a more equitable Match process 12:32: Standardized Letters of Evaluation and other LoRs 14:43: Interview invitation and response anxiety 15:58: How programs perceive signals 17:53: Virtual interviews for the 2023 cycle 20:28: Getting to know programs despite virtual interviews 22:50: How students can get involved 24:29: Biggest piece of advice and take away for applicants 25:51: Feedback survey info LINKS: https://apgo.org/page/rrrprogram Would you like the chance to win a $50 Amazon gift card? Fill out our feedback survey linked below! Participation in this survey is voluntary and responses will be used to better Ultrasounds for audience members, like you. The survey takes less than 5 minutes to complete and will invite you to enter into a raffle for a $50 gift card upon your submission. ObGyn Delivered appreciates your feedback! FEEDBACK SURVEY: https://umich.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_1Sz5luzL9npMdsW

SUMMARY: Sarena and Kavya discuss vignettes on third trimester bleeding with Sam Kempner, MD. TIMESTAMPS: 00:34 Dr. Sam Kempner Biography 03:35: Case 1: 37-year-old G1P0 at 39 weeks and 3 days gestation presenting with painless vaginal bleeding 06:35: Case 2: 34-year-old nonbinary patient at 26 weeks gestation coming to the office due to vaginal bleeding. 10:30: Case 3: 41-year-old G3P2 at 27 weeks gestation with Di di twins coming into the office because she noticed bright red blood on her toilet paper 12:45: Case 4: 35-year-old G1P0 at 26 weeks one day who comes to triage due to decreased fetal movement 15:30: Case 5: 37 year old G1P0 at 39w3d presents to triage with painless vaginal bleeding 21:20: Wrap-up LINKS: Dr. Sam Kempner Bio ACOG Early Pregnancy Loss Practice Bulletin Hendriks, E., MacNaughton, H., & MacKenzie, M. C. (2019). First trimester bleeding: evaluation and management. American family physician, 99(3), 166-174. Dugas, C., & Slane, V. H. (2021). Miscarriage. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. Dogra V, Paspulati RM, Bhatt S. First trimester bleeding evaluation. Ultrasound Q. 2005 Jun;21(2):69-85; quiz 149-50, 153-4. PMID: 15905817. ACOG Bleeding During Pregnancy FAQ ACR Appropriateness Criteria Second and Third Trimester Bleeding UpToDate: Overview of the etiology and evaluation of vaginal bleeding in pregnancy DISCLOSURES/DISCLAIMERS: The OBGYN Delivered student team has no relevant financial disclosures. The Ultrasounds podcast is for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Please do not use any of the information presented to treat, diagnose, or prevent real life medical concerns. The statements made on this podcast are solely those of the OB/GYN Delivered hosts and guests and do not reflect the views of any specific institution or organization. TRANSCRIPT: https://bit.ly/ultrasounds_3rdTbleeding

DISCLAIMER: This episode was recorded on May 15, 2022. As of May 17, 2022, a judge has blocked enforcement of the 1931 Michigan law making abortion illegal that was mentioned in this episode. SUMMARY: Rachel and Brittany discuss what abortion care may look like in the US if Roe v. Wade is overturned with Dr. Harris, MD, PhD. TIMESTAMPS: 00:35 Dr. Lisa Harris Biography 01:55 Question 1: With a leaked draft opinion in the Dobbs v. Jackson Women Health Organization case, it appears Roe v. Wade is likely going to be overturned, which would leave decisions about the legality of abortion to the states. Can you give us a brief overview of what this might look like for patients across the country? 04:33 Question 2: So, we obviously know that losing abortion access will impact women and people as individuals, but we're curious about kind of what implications this might have for the broader healthcare system? 07:35 Question 3: Could go into a little more detail about how self-managed abortions might show up in the health care system as well as just more pregnancies continuing? 12:09 Question 4: How will changes in legislation change traveling for abortion care? 15:03 Question 5: Do you think certain groups of people will be disproportionately affected by losing abortion, access and do you know what this will look like? LINKS: Dr. Harris Bio Guttmacher Institute Abortion Travel Abortion Rates by Income Michigan Judge Suspends an Abortion Ban From 1931 TRANSCRIPT: https://bit.ly/ultrasounds_abortioncare_Roe DISCLOSURES: The OBGYN Delivered student team has no relevant financial disclosures. The Ultrasounds podcast is for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Please do not use any of the information presented to treat, diagnose, or prevent real life medical concerns. The statements made on this podcast are solely those of the OB/GYN Delivered hosts and guests and do not reflect the views of any specific institution or organization.

SUMMARY: Sarena and Kavya discuss four vignettes on second trimester bleeding with Sam Kempner, MD. TIMESTAMPS: 00:40 Dr. Sam Kempner Biography 02:42: Case 1: 23-year-old G3P0200 at 21 weeks gestation presenting with vaginal spotting. 05:40: Case 2: 36-year-old nonbinary patient at 26 weeks gestation coming to the office due to vaginal bleeding. 08:20: Case 3: 41-year-old G3P2 at 27 weeks gestation with Di di twins coming into the office because she noticed bright red blood on her toilet paper 10:06: Case 4: 35-year-old G1P0 at 26 weeks one day who comes to triage due to decreased fetal movement 12:56: Wrap-up LINKS: Dr. Sam Kempner Bio ACOG Early Pregnancy Loss Practice Bulletin Hendriks, E., MacNaughton, H., & MacKenzie, M. C. (2019). First trimester bleeding: evaluation and management. American family physician, 99(3), 166-174. Dugas, C., & Slane, V. H. (2021). Miscarriage. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. Dogra V, Paspulati RM, Bhatt S. First trimester bleeding evaluation. Ultrasound Q. 2005 Jun;21(2):69-85; quiz 149-50, 153-4. PMID: 15905817. ACOG Bleeding During Pregnancy FAQ ACR Appropriateness Criteria Second and Third Trimester Bleeding NHS Bleeding in the Second Trimester of Pregnancy UpToDate: Overview of the etiology and evaluation of vaginal bleeding in pregnancy ACOG Second-Trimester Abortion Practice Bulletin TRANSCRIPT: https://bit.ly/ultrasounds_2ndTbleeding DISCLOSURES/DISCLAIMERS: The OBGYN Delivered student team has no relevant financial disclosures. The Ultrasounds podcast is for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Please do not use any of the information presented to treat, diagnose, or prevent real life medical concerns. The statements made on this podcast are solely those of the OB/GYN Delivered hosts and guests and do not reflect the views of any specific institution or organization.

SUMMARY: Sarena and Kavya discuss five vignettes on first trimester bleeding with Dr. Sam Kempner, MD. TIMESTAMPS: 00:37: Dr. Sam Kempner Bio 02:09: Case 1: 18-year-old woman with intense abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. 05:06: Case 2: 37-year-old woman with vaginal bleeding and pelvic discomfort. 07:47: Case 3: 23-year-old transgender man with light vaginal bleeding. 10:25: Case 4: 29-year-old woman at 11 weeks 3 days gestation with cramping pain and vaginal bleeding. 14:25: Case 5: 35-year-old woman at 13 weeks 4 days with decreased fetal movement. 17:06: Wrap-up LINKS: Dr. Sam Kempner Bio ACOG Early Pregnancy Loss Practice Bulletin Hendriks, E., MacNaughton, H., & MacKenzie, M. C. (2019). First trimester bleeding: evaluation and management. American family physician, 99(3), 166-174. Dugas, C., & Slane, V. H. (2021). Miscarriage. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. Dogra V, Paspulati RM, Bhatt S. First trimester bleeding evaluation. Ultrasound Q. 2005 Jun;21(2):69-85; quiz 149-50, 153-4. PMID: 15905817. ACOG Bleeding During Pregnancy FAQ ACR Appropriateness Criteria Second and Third Trimester Bleeding NHS Bleeding in the Second Trimester of Pregnancy UpToDate: Overview of the etiology and evaluation of vaginal bleeding in pregnancy ACOG Second-Trimester Abortion Practice Bulletin TRANSCRIPT: https://bit.ly/ultrasounds_1stTbleeding DISCLOSURES/DISCLAIMERS: The OBGYN Delivered student team has no relevant financial disclosures. The Ultrasounds podcast is for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Please do not use any of the information presented to treat, diagnose, or prevent real life medical concerns. The statements made on this podcast are solely those of the OB/GYN Delivered hosts and guests and do not reflect the views of any specific institution or organization.

Theresa and Jourdan discuss six vignettes on vulvovaginal disease with the world-renowned expert, Dr. Hope Haefner, MD. DISCLOSURES/DISCLAIMERS: The OB/GYN Delivered student team has no relevant financial disclosures. The UltraSounds podcast is for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Please do not use any of the information presented to treat, diagnose, or prevent real life medical concerns. The statements made on this podcast are solely those of the OB/GYN Delivered hosts and guests and do not reflect the views of any specific institution or organization. TIMESTAMPS: 01:10: Dr. Hope Haefner Bio 04:05: Case 1: 50-year-old woman with hypopigmented atrophic plaques on the vulva. 10:29: Case 2: 50-year-old woman with rough, scaly, polygonal, violaceous plaques on the vulva. 19:42: Case 3: 50-year-old woman with erythematous, leathery skin on the vulva. 29:45: Case 4: 65-year-old woman with erythematous ulceration on the left labium minus. 35:41: Case 5: 30-year-old woman with red bumps on inguinal intertriginous region. 44:08: Case 6: 30-year-old woman with groin pain with sitting and sexual intercourse. 50:50: Wrap-up LINKS: Dr. Hope Haefner Bio University of Michigan Center for Vulvar Diseases Provider Information Ringel NE, Iglesia C. Common Benign Chronic Vulvar Disorders. Am Fam Physician. 2020 Nov 1;102(9):550-557. PMID: 33118795. Maben-Feaster, Rosalyn Elizabeth. “Chronic Vulvar Lesions in a Woman in Her 30s.” Contemporary OB/GYN, MJH Life Sciences. NCCN Vulvar Cancer Guidelines Michalski BM, Pfeifer JD, Mutch D, Council ML. Cancer of the Vulva: A Review. Dermatol Surg. 2021 Feb 1;47(2):174-183. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000002584. PMID: 32947298. Margesson LJ, Danby FW. Hidradenitis suppurativa. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2014 Oct;28(7):1013-27. doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2014.07.012. Epub 2014 Aug 1. PMID: 25214437. UpToDate: Bartholin Gland Masses TRANSCRIPT: https://bit.ly/ultrasounds_vulvar Recorded on 4/25/2022.

Join Allison and Theresa as they discuss four clinical vignettes with faculty guest and reproductive infectious disease expert Dr. Okeoma Mmeje. DISCLOSURES/DISCLAIMERS: The OBGD student team has no relevant financial disclosures. The UltraSounds podcast is for educational and informational purposes only, and should not be considered medical advice. Please do not use any of the information presented to treat, diagnose, or prevent real-life medical concerns. The statements made on this podcast are solely those of the OBGD hosts and guests and do not reflect the views of any specific institution or organization. TIMESTAMPS: 01:23 - Dr. Mmeje Bio 02:35 - Case 1: 30-year-old female with burning during urination and clusters of fluid filled vesicles on the vulva that are painful to the touch 07:54 - Case 2: 30-year-old female with a painless 1-centimeter red, round, raised lesion with a regular boarder 11:39 - Case 3: 30-year-old female with a very painful well demarcated lesion with a grayish necrotic appearing base 15:43 - Case 4: 30-year-old female with vulvar itching and multiple painless pruritic lesions 27:36 - Wrap-up LINKS: Dr. Mmeje's bio CDC Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines CDC HIV ACOG HIV TRANSCRIPT: https://bit.ly/ultrasounds_ulcers Recorded 2/17/2022.

Allison and Theresa talk through four cases with faculty guest and reproductive infectious disease specialist - Dr. Okeoma Mmeje, MD, MPH. Recorded 2/17/2022. DISCLOSURES/DISCLAIMERS: The OBGD student team has no relevant financial disclosures. The UltraSounds podcast is for educational and informational purposes only, and should not be considered medical advice. Please do not use any of the information presented to treat, diagnose, or prevent real-life medical concerns. The statements made on this podcast are solely those of the OBGD hosts and guests and do not reflect the views of any specific institution or organization. TIMESTAMPS: 01:06 - Dr. Mmeje Bio 02:21 - Case 1: 18-year-old sexually active woman with irregular discharge and pain with intercourse 04:21 - Case 2: 21-year-old sexually active woman with five days of yellow-green discharge 06:58 - Case 3: 73-year-old woman with increased milky-gray vaginal discharge 13:06 - Case 4: 46-year-old woman with clumpy white discharge and vulva itching 15:56 - Wrap-up LINKS: Dr. Mmeje's bio CDC Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines ACOG Vaginitis in Nonpregnant Patients TRANSCRIPT: https://bit.ly/ultrasounds_stis

Kavya and Sarena tackle five patient-based cases with insight from faculty expert, Dr. David Marzano, in the second part of our review of PALM COEIN, a mnemonic for abnormal uterine bleeding. Recorded 12/10/2021. TIMESTAMPS: 00:51 – Intro & Dr. Marzano's bio 05:40 – Case 1: 17-year-old female with new heavy periods and lower abdominal pain 10:58 – Case 2: 17-year-old female with increasingly irregular periods 16:06 – Case 3: 17-year-old with chronic heavy and irregular periods 19:39 – Case 4: 17-year-old with new irregular spotting and recent IUD placement 22:49 – Case 5: 27-year-old female with irregular menses and other systemic bleeding issues 26:52 – Wrap up LINKS: Dr. Marzano's bio ACOG OBGYN Intern Guide for Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (with PALM COEIN) ACOG Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Patient FAQ TRANSCRIPT: https://bit.ly/ultrasounds_COEIN

Kavya and Sarena tackle four patient-based cases with insight from faculty expert, Dr. David Marzano, in the first part of our review of PALM COEIN, a mnemonic for abnormal uterine bleeding. Recorded 12/10/2021. TIMESTAMPS: 00:53 - Dr. Marzano's Bio 02:40 - Overview of PALM COEIN mnemonic 07:05 - Case 1: 47-year-old woman with heavy menses & irregular uterus 10:07 - Case 2: 71-year-old G3P2 female with postcoital bleeding 14:24 - Case 3: 47-year-old woman with heavy menses & boggy uterus 17:23 - Case 4: 71-year-old woman with irregular spotting 21:07 - Wrap-up LINKS: Dr. Marzano's bio Dr. Marzano's favorite podcast: The West Wing Weekly ACOG OBGYN Intern Guide for Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (with PALM COEIN) ACOG Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Patient FAQ TRANSCRIPT: https://bit.ly/ultrasounds_palm

The OBGD Leadership team–Allison Milen (@allison_milen), Theresa Rager (@TheresaLRager), Sarena Gill (@gill_sarena), and Kavya Davuluri (@Kavya_Davuluri)–introduce UltraSounds and give a preview of what episodes are to come. Contact us: obgynquestionsdelivered@gmail.com Visit our website: https://www.obgyndelivered.com/ Tweet at us: @obgyn_delivered View our Instagram: @obgyn_delivered TRANSCRIPT: https://bit.ly/ultrasounds_trailer