Podcast appearances and mentions of robert estienne

François Ier, roi de France de 1515 à 1547, est souvent qualifié de "restaurateur des lettres". Ce titre lui vient de son rôle majeur dans la promotion des arts, des sciences et des lettres à la Renaissance. Il fit entrer la France dans une ère de rayonnement culturel sans précédent en soutenant activement l'humanisme, l'imprimerie et l'éducation.Un protecteur des humanistes et des écrivainsDès le début de son règne, François Ier se montre passionné par la Renaissance italienne. Admirateur de Léonard de Vinci, qu'il invite à sa cour en 1516, il adopte aussi les idées humanistes qui se développent en Italie.Il protège des écrivains et des penseurs tels que Guillaume Budé, grand érudit et spécialiste des textes antiques, qui l'encourage à développer une politique en faveur des lettres. Le roi accorde également son soutien à Clément Marot, poète officiel de la cour, et favorise la diffusion des œuvres de Rabelais, dont les idées humanistes marquent profondément la littérature française.L'essor de l'imprimerie et de la langue françaiseFrançois Ier comprend que l'imprimerie, récente invention, est un outil puissant pour diffuser le savoir. Il encourage le développement des imprimeries royales et protège les imprimeurs, comme Robert Estienne, qui joue un rôle essentiel dans la publication des textes anciens et bibliques.En 1539, il signe l'ordonnance de Villers-Cotterêts, un texte fondamental qui impose l'usage du français dans les documents administratifs et juridiques, en remplacement du latin. Cet acte marque une étape clé dans l'affirmation du français comme langue nationale.La création du Collège royal : un tournant dans l'éducationEn 1530, François Ier fonde le Collège royal (futur Collège de France), une institution destinée à enseigner les disciplines nouvelles de la Renaissance : les langues anciennes (grec, hébreu), la médecine et les sciences. Contrairement à l'Université de Paris, alors conservatrice et dominée par l'Église, le Collège royal permet une approche plus libre et ouverte du savoir.Un roi mécène et visionnaireGrâce à son mécénat, François Ier transforme la France en un centre intellectuel majeur de la Renaissance. Il favorise les échanges avec l'Italie et pose les bases d'une tradition culturelle qui perdurera bien après son règne.C'est donc à juste titre qu'on l'appelle "le restaurateur des lettres", car il a joué un rôle fondamental dans la diffusion du savoir et l'essor de la culture française. Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

The Struggle is Real Cardinal Hugo put chapter divisions into the Latin Bible in AD 1250. Robert Estienne produced a Greek New Testament with verse divisions in AD 1551. The first entire English Bible to have verse divisions was the Geneva Bible in 1560. Read Colossians 2:1-5 The struggle is real Let's Pray! We must exert ourselves to help believers get it right V. 1 No one today is an apostle like Paul was but we all have a sphere of influence – and when we know we are influencing people we should remember them in prayer, encouragement, and exhortation. We must encourage believers to treasure Jesus Christ V. 2-3 That's what should be happening in your growing knowledge of biblical truth – things you didn't understand before should be falling into place as the knowledge about Jesus you are obtaining flows together. We must exhort believers to escape false teaching V. 4-5

When the Bible was originally written, there were no chapter and verse divisions. Chapter and verse breaks were added over time as the list below indicates.New Testament chapter divisions were added in the 12th Century by the Archbishop of Canterbury. His name was Stephen Langton.The Wycliffe English Bible of 1382 was the first Bible to be published with New Testament chapter divisions.The Old Testament chapters were divided into verses in 1448 by a Jewish Rabbi named Nathan. The New Testament chapters were divided into verses in 1555 by a man named Robert Estienne.Thank God for the chapter and verse divisions. They are very helpful in helping us find put place in the Bible. They aid us in memorization. They facilitate easy location of Bible verses. They aid us in a number of ways. But there are times when they get in the way of our understanding of the biblical context. This is why we need to keep going when we reach a period. This is also why we need to read before the chapter we are reading or preaching from at the moment. The Bible is the Word of God. It is inspired, infallible, and inerrant. While this is true, the chapter and verse division are not inspired by the Holy Spirit, and they must never be treated as part of the inspired canon of the Word.Tell me what you think.alancarr@gmail.comOur website is: https://preachingmatters.buzzsprout.com/The podcast is a ministry of Dr. Alan Carr and The Sermon Notebook (http://www.sermonnotebook.org)Support the show

In episode 4 of New Geneva Academy's Good Shepherding podcast, President Andrew Dionne reflects on NGA's logo and the Apostle Paul's exhortation not to be arrogant. ★ Support this podcast ★

Savez-vous que la référence à un chapitre et à un verset de la Bible n’a pas toujours existé. Alors qui a eu la bonne idée d’inventer ces numéros de chapitres et de versets ? C’est notre nouvelle enquête biblique, un format que je vous propose entre deux séries thématiques.#podcast #podcastfrancais #podcastfrancophone #podcastbiblique #biblepod #biblique #bible #Biblegram #Exegese #ScienceBibliqueNOTES •«Au Large Biblique » est un podcast conçu et animé par François Bessonnet, enseignant bibliste et prêtre en Vendée. Si vous voulez en savoir plus je vous ai mis quelques références en notes. https://www.aularge.eu/blog/le-podcast/ •Illustrations sonore : Pulp Fiction, film de Quentin Tarantino 1994, Ghostbuster (SOS Fantôme) film d'Ivan Reitman, 1984, Robin des Bois, dessin animé de Disney 1974.•Image : Bible d’Estienne (détail) – source : wikimedia-commons.•VENI SANCTE SPIRITUS https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veni_Sancte_Spiritus •Enquête (2) Qui inventa La Bible ? https://www.spreaker.com/user/fbessonnet/097-enq02-quiinventa?autoplay=true •Musique et générique : Erwan Marchand (D.R.)•Épisode enregistré en Vendée (85, France), septembre 2020 •Sous Licence Creative Commons (cc BY-NC-ND 4.0 FR)SOURCES•Stephen LANGTON (1150-1228)•https://fr.aleteia.org/2016/03/19/qui-a-divise-la-bible-en-chapitres-et-en-versets/• https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Langton,_Stephen_(DNB00) •https://biography.yourdictionary.com/stephen-langton •https://magnacarta800th.com/schools/biographies/magna-carta-bishops/stephen-langton/ •https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Langton •Xanthus (Sante) PAGNINUS (1470-1541)•https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sante_Pagnini •https://data.cerl.org/thesaurus/cnp01101329 •Robert ESTIENNE (1503-1559)•https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Estienne •https://francearchives.fr/commemo/recueil-2009/39480•https://www.reseau-canope.fr/savoirscdi/societe-de-linformation/le-monde-du-livre-et-de-la-presse/histoire-du-livre-et-de-la-documentation/biographies/robert-estienne-1503-1559.html SUIVRE AU LARGE BIBLIQUE •Instagram : Aularge.eu https://www.instagram.com/aularge.eu/ •Facebook : @Aularge85 https://www.facebook.com/aularge85 •Le groupe Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/groups/aulargebiblique/ •Twitter : @AuLargeBiblque https://twitter.com/AuLargeBiblique •Mail : podcast@aularge.eu •Newsletter : https://www.aularge.eu/blog/abonnement/ •RSS : https://www.spreaker.com/show/3266391/episodes/feed •Soutenir le podcast avec Tipeee : https://fr.tipeee.com/au-large-biblique

Before we can understand how textual scholars do their work today, it’s important to understand the history of how they have endeavored to reconstruct the Greek New Testament over the years.  In this episode you’ll learn about the rich and important history of how our understanding of the Greek New Testament changed over the last Read more about 338 Bible 9 Reconstructing the New Testament[…]

Before we can understand how textual scholars do their work today, it’s important to understand the history of how they have endeavored to reconstruct the Greek New Testament over the years.  In this episode you’ll learn about the rich and important history of how our understanding of the Greek New Testament changed over the last Read more about 338 Bible 9 Reconstructing the New Testament[…]

1SAMUEL 20:Yesterday we heard the slow escalation of David's problems stemming from Saul's jealousy. Saul made David his son-in-law, but only because of the hope that David would be killed by the Philistines. For only the first time in yesterday's reading, we heard how Saul was humbled because of the results of acting on his jealousy. But he doesn't learn from it. PSALM 103:How it must please the Lord when we pray this psalm, which is another favorite! Note that the psalm starts and ends with the same line. ROMANS 7:8—8:4:The second key to being released from the power of sin is God's Spirit! (v.6) Paul then launched into an exposition of what he meant in verse 5: “When we were controlled by our old nature, sinful desires were at work within us, and the law aroused these evil desires that produced a harvest of sinful deeds, resulting in death.” The explanation that extends from verse 7 to the end of the chapter should NOT be construed to negate what he said in verse 6, in the preceding chapters, and in chapter 8! Notice that in the second half of chapter 7, Paul stops mentioning Christ. That’s a hint that he is not talking about our life in union with Christ. Also, I found it interesting to do a search of Romans searching for the word ‘Spirit’. Look at the pattern of where the word ‘Spirit’ is used! GNT Translation notes:Rom. 8:1 [So then,] There is no condemnation now for those who live in union with Christ Jesus. NLT Translation notes:Rom. 7:10 and [might as well as killed me. I died— spiritually speaking.//I died]. So I discovered that the law’s commands, which were supposed to bring life, brought spiritual death instead. 11 Sin took advantage of those commands and deceived me; it used the commands to kill me [— (because I couldn’t keep them)]. 15 I don’t really understand [my own self//myself], for I want to do what is right, but I don’t do it. Instead, I do what I hate. 20 But if I do what I don’t want to do, I am not really the one doing [the] wrong; it is sin living in me that does it.23 But there is another powere within me that is at war with my mind. This power makes me a slave to the sin that [lives on//is] [0/still] within me. [PET 24-25] [So you see how it [was//is]: In my mind I really want to obey God’s law, but because of my sinful nature I am a slave to sin.///[NLT] 24Oh, what a miserable person I am! Who will free me from this life that is dominated by sin and death? 25Thank God! The answer is in Jesus Christ our Lord[./!] //So you see how it is: In my mind I really want to obey God’s law, but because of my sinful nature I am a slave to sin.][It seems to me (and I am not alone in this) that reordering Paul’s words here helps to remove the impression that Paul is contradicting everything he has said so far about the believer’s victory over the power of sin. From verse 7 on, Paul is expounding on verse 5: “When we were controlled by our old nature,b sinful desires were at work within us, and the law aroused these evil desires that produced a harvest of sinful deeds, resulting in death.” If I am right, then, NLT is wrong to use the present tense in “you see how it is”. I don’t have a problem with this connecting phrase showing the logical connection. I just want to change the verb tense. The Greek only says, “So then,” which is really enough.This is a very unfortunate chapter break (not made by Paul but by Robert Estienne around 1552). This chapter division has contributed to the wrong understanding of the end of this chapter. I recommend that everyone always keep reading past it!]

1SAMUEL 18-19:In yesterday's story, David showed that he was more concerned with God's reputation than for his own safety. May we all face our imposing enemies with more belief in the unseen God than in the very present enemies! PSALM 102:This psalm starts out like the prayer of anyone in distress and trouble calling out to God. As we read further, many see parallels with what our Savior would have prayed in his darkest days on earth. ROMANS 6:19—7:The last verse of yesterday’s reading shows why it is better to take what we are given, rather than what we have earned! This is a big problem for some. My Dad's “having lived a good life” was one of the biggest blocks to him humbly coming to God and receiving the gift of eternal life. I don't think he ever understood how God would not be so impressed by his supposed integrity. The spiritual reality expressed starting at the beginning of the 6th chapter is a key to place along with a second key that we will hear about in today’s chapter. GNT Translation notes:[In Hebrew, one can talk directly to God (or a king) as if talking about ‘the Lord’. To keep the feeling of a prayer, English would normally use ‘You’.]Ps. 102:15 Then the nations will tremble before [You,//the] LORD.The kings of the earth will tremble before [your/his] glory.16 For [You//the] LORD will rebuild Jerusalem.[You/He] will appear in his glory.17 [You/He] will listen to the prayers of the destitute.[You/He] will not reject their pleas.23 [You, Lord, have//The Lord has] made me weak while I am still young;[You have//he has] shortened my life. NLT Translation notes:Ps. 102:15Then the nations will tremble before [You,//the] LORD.The kings of the earth will tremble before [your/his] glory.16 For [You//the] LORD will rebuild Jerusalem.[You/He] will appear in his glory.17 [You/He] will listen to the prayers of the destitute.[You/He] will not reject their pleas.====Rom. 7:10 and [might as well as killed me. I died— spiritually speaking.//I died]. So I discovered that the law’s commands, which were supposed to bring life, brought spiritual death instead. 11 Sin took advantage of those commands and deceived me; it used the commands to kill me [— (because I couldn’t keep them)]. 15 I don’t really understand [my own self//myself], for I want to do what is right, but I don’t do it. Instead, I do what I hate. 20 But if I do what I don’t want to do, I am not really the one doing [the] wrong; it is sin living in me that does it.23 But there is another powere within me that is at war with my mind. This power makes me a slave to the sin that [lives on//is] [0/still] within me. [PET 24-25] [So you see how it [was//is]: In my mind I really want to obey God’s law, but because of my sinful nature I am a slave to sin.///[NLT] 24Oh, what a miserable person I am! Who will free me from this life that is dominated by sin and death? 25Thank God! The answer is in Jesus Christ our Lord[./!] //So you see how it is: In my mind I really want to obey God’s law, but because of my sinful nature I am a slave to sin.][It seems to me (and I am not alone in this) that reordering Paul’s words here helps to remove the impression that Paul is contradicting everything he has said so far about the believer’s victory over the power of sin. From verse 7 on, Paul is expounding on verse 5: “When we were controlled by our old nature,b sinful desires were at work within us, and the law aroused these evil desires that produced a harvest of sinful deeds, resulting in death.” If I am right, then, NLT is wrong to use the present tense in “you see how it is”. I don’t have a problem with this connecting phrase showing the logical connection. I just want to change the verb tense. The Greek only says, “So then,” which is really enough.This is a very unfortunate chapter break (not made by Paul but by Robert Estienne around 1552). This chapter division has contributed to the wrong understanding of the end of this chapter. I recommend that everyone always keep reading past it!]

Shownotes below are unrefined, unedited and unattributed. I'll eventually fix that. Today we're talking about the Bible itself - the longest verses, books, chapters, etc. Chapters and verses are NOT found in the original autographs, or writings of the Books of the Bible. These books were written like letters and books, and did not have chapter divisions or verses, or even punctuation like modern books.  Prior to the 800s, the Bible was divided up in various ways, but it wasn't until the 800s that some kind  of chapter divisions that were similar to modern chapters came into view. Chapter divisions, with titles, the 9th century Tours manuscript the so-called Bible of Rorigo. Archbishop Stephen Langton and Cardinal Hugo de Sancto Caro developed different schemas for systematic division of the Bible in the early 13th century. It is the system of Archbishop Langton on which the modern chapter divisions are based The first person to divide New Testament chapters into verses was Italian Dominican biblical scholar Santi Pagnini (1470–1541), but his system was never widely adopted. His verse divisions in the New Testament were far longer than those known today. Robert Estienne created an alternate numbering in his 1551 edition of the Greek New Testament which was also used in his 1553 publication of the Bible in French. Estienne's system of division was widely adopted, and it is this system which is found in almost all modern Bibles. Estienne produced a 1555 Vulgate that is the first Bible to include the verse numbers integrated into the text. Before this work, they were printed in the margin What is the shortest verse in the New Testament? Did  Most would say, Jesus Wept, but in the ORIGINAL Language of the Bible, that's not the shortest verse. It is, in many English translations.  , “Jesus wept” (John 11:35) is the shortest verse in English. In English it is 9 letters long. But in Greek it is 16 letters long (Ἐδάκρυσεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς).  There is a shorter verse in the original Greek: That is 1 Thessalonians 5:16, “rejoice always,” which is only 14 letters in Greek (Πάντοτε χαίρετε). But even that passage isn't the shortest verse in the original...the absolute shorters  is Luke 20:30 “and the second,” which in Greek has only 12 letters (καὶ ὁ δεύτερος). This ridiculously short verse is found in the section where Jesus is being verbally challenged by the Sadducees (Luke 20:29-32): “Now there were seven brothers; and the first took a wife and died childless; 30and the second 31and the third married her; and in the same way all seven died, leaving no children. 32 Finally the woman died also.” The shortest verse in the Greek New Testament is Luke 20:30 ("και ο δευτερος", "And the second") with twelve letters, according to the Westcott and Hort text. In the Textus Receptus, the shortest verse is 1 Thessalonians 5:16("παντοτε χαιρετε", "Rejoice always") with fourteen letters, So “Jesus wept” comes in third. “And the second” comes in first. Esther 8:9 is the longest verse 78 Words. in the Masoretic Text. The discovery of several manuscripts at Qumran (in the Dead Sea Scrolls) has reopened what is considered the most original text of 1 Samuel 11; if one believes that those manuscripts better preserve the text, several verses in 1 Samuel 11 surpass Esther 8:9 in length. "It is better to trust in the Lord than to put confidence in man."   -Psalm 118:8 The King James Version has an even number of verses (31,102), with the two middle verses being Psalm 103:1–2 My soul, praise Yahweh, and all that is within me, praise His holy name. 2 My soul, praise the Lord, and do not forget all His benefits. Here are the five shortest books of the Bible, beginning with the very shortest. These measurements are by words in the original languages. Each of these books is only one chapter long, and would take you a few minutes to read, tops: Third John (219 words) Second John (245 words) Philemon (335 words) Obadiah (440 words) Jude (461 words) Bible Statistics: Chapters: 1,189  Commands: 6,468  Fulfilled prophecy: 3,268 verses  Letters: 3,566,480  Words: 783,137 Longest book: Psalms (150 chapters)  Longest chapter: Psalm 119 (176 verses)  Longest name: Mahershalalhashbaz (Isaiah 8:1)  Middle books: Micah and Nahum  Middle chapter: Psalm 117  Number of books in the Bible: 66  Number of different authors: 40  Number of languages the Bible has been translated into: over 1,200  Number of promises given in the Bible: 1,260  Number of questions: 3,294  Number of times the word "God" appears: 3,358  Number of times the word "Lord" appears: 7,736 Shortest chapter (by number of words): Psalm 117  Longest chapter: Psalm 119.  Verses: 31,101  So, we've had a little Bible Trivia today, but, make no mistake: THE BIBLE IS NOT TRIVIAL.  Hebrews 4: 12 For the word of God is living and effective and sharper than any double-edged sword, penetrating as far as the separation of soul and spirit, joints and marrow. It is able to judge the ideas and thoughts of the heart. 13 No creature is hidden from Him, but all things are naked and exposed to the eyes of Him to whom we must give an account. Revelation 19: 11 Then I saw heaven opened, and there was a white horse. Its rider is called Faithful and True, and He judges and makes war in righteousness.12 His eyes were like a fiery flame, and many crowns were on His head. He had a name written that no one knows except Himself. 13 He wore a robe stained with blood, and His name is the Word of God.

Shownotes below are unrefined, unedited and unattributed. I'll eventually fix that. Today we're talking about the Bible itself - the longest verses, books, chapters, etc. Chapters and verses are NOT found in the original autographs, or writings of the Books of the Bible. These books were written like letters and books, and did not have chapter divisions or verses, or even punctuation like modern books.  Prior to the 800s, the Bible was divided up in various ways, but it wasn't until the 800s that some kind  of chapter divisions that were similar to modern chapters came into view. Chapter divisions, with titles, the 9th century Tours manuscript the so-called Bible of Rorigo. Archbishop Stephen Langton and Cardinal Hugo de Sancto Caro developed different schemas for systematic division of the Bible in the early 13th century. It is the system of Archbishop Langton on which the modern chapter divisions are based The first person to divide New Testament chapters into verses was Italian Dominican biblical scholar Santi Pagnini (1470–1541), but his system was never widely adopted. His verse divisions in the New Testament were far longer than those known today. Robert Estienne created an alternate numbering in his 1551 edition of the Greek New Testament which was also used in his 1553 publication of the Bible in French. Estienne's system of division was widely adopted, and it is this system which is found in almost all modern Bibles. Estienne produced a 1555 Vulgate that is the first Bible to include the verse numbers integrated into the text. Before this work, they were printed in the margin What is the shortest verse in the New Testament? Did  Most would say, Jesus Wept, but in the ORIGINAL Language of the Bible, that's not the shortest verse. It is, in many English translations.  , “Jesus wept” (John 11:35) is the shortest verse in English. In English it is 9 letters long. But in Greek it is 16 letters long (Ἐδάκρυσεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς).  There is a shorter verse in the original Greek: That is 1 Thessalonians 5:16, “rejoice always,” which is only 14 letters in Greek (Πάντοτε χαίρετε). But even that passage isn't the shortest verse in the original...the absolute shorters  is Luke 20:30 “and the second,” which in Greek has only 12 letters (καὶ ὁ δεύτερος). This ridiculously short verse is found in the section where Jesus is being verbally challenged by the Sadducees (Luke 20:29-32): “Now there were seven brothers; and the first took a wife and died childless; 30and the second 31and the third married her; and in the same way all seven died, leaving no children. 32 Finally the woman died also.” The shortest verse in the Greek New Testament is Luke 20:30 ("και ο δευτερος", "And the second") with twelve letters, according to the Westcott and Hort text. In the Textus Receptus, the shortest verse is 1 Thessalonians 5:16("παντοτε χαιρετε", "Rejoice always") with fourteen letters, So “Jesus wept” comes in third. “And the second” comes in first. Esther 8:9 is the longest verse 78 Words. in the Masoretic Text. The discovery of several manuscripts at Qumran (in the Dead Sea Scrolls) has reopened what is considered the most original text of 1 Samuel 11; if one believes that those manuscripts better preserve the text, several verses in 1 Samuel 11 surpass Esther 8:9 in length. "It is better to trust in the Lord than to put confidence in man."   -Psalm 118:8 The King James Version has an even number of verses (31,102), with the two middle verses being Psalm 103:1–2 My soul, praise Yahweh, and all that is within me, praise His holy name. 2 My soul, praise the Lord, and do not forget all His benefits. Here are the five shortest books of the Bible, beginning with the very shortest. These measurements are by words in the original languages. Each of these books is only one chapter long, and would take you a few minutes to read, tops: Third John (219 words) Second John (245 words) Philemon (335 words) Obadiah (440 words) Jude (461 words) Bible Statistics: Chapters: 1,189  Commands: 6,468  Fulfilled prophecy: 3,268 verses  Letters: 3,566,480  Words: 783,137 Longest book: Psalms (150 chapters)  Longest chapter: Psalm 119 (176 verses)  Longest name: Mahershalalhashbaz (Isaiah 8:1)  Middle books: Micah and Nahum  Middle chapter: Psalm 117  Number of books in the Bible: 66  Number of different authors: 40  Number of languages the Bible has been translated into: over 1,200  Number of promises given in the Bible: 1,260  Number of questions: 3,294  Number of times the word "God" appears: 3,358  Number of times the word "Lord" appears: 7,736 Shortest chapter (by number of words): Psalm 117  Longest chapter: Psalm 119.  Verses: 31,101  So, we've had a little Bible Trivia today, but, make no mistake: THE BIBLE IS NOT TRIVIAL.  Hebrews 4: 12 For the word of God is living and effective and sharper than any double-edged sword, penetrating as far as the separation of soul and spirit, joints and marrow. It is able to judge the ideas and thoughts of the heart. 13 No creature is hidden from Him, but all things are naked and exposed to the eyes of Him to whom we must give an account. Revelation 19: 11 Then I saw heaven opened, and there was a white horse. Its rider is called Faithful and True, and He judges and makes war in righteousness.12 His eyes were like a fiery flame, and many crowns were on His head. He had a name written that no one knows except Himself. 13 He wore a robe stained with blood, and His name is the Word of God.

翻阅西文衬线体历史，克洛德·加拉蒙（Claude Garamont）是不可遗漏的匠人、设计师。他为后世留下了「加拉蒙体」（Garamond）——不只是一款传世的活字字体，更成为一套反复重刻的蓝本、一种字体风格的代名词。 今日我们将顺着一些史料的片段，讲述加拉蒙的生平，尝试为大家勾画出这位文艺复兴后期最重要的刻字师。 参考链接 听众黄俊亮关于「驒」的类推简化字「⿰马单」提供的参考链接 [1]、[2] 《汉语大字典》，徐中舒主编，四川辞书出版社和湖北辞书出版社联合出版 〈坚持简化　保持稳定——学习《通用规范汉字表》四人谈（三）〉，关于类推简化的专家谈话录 Glyphs 发布 2.6 版 克洛德·加拉蒙（Claude Garamont，亦写作 Claude Garamond，1480?–1561），法国刻字师、出版商 Punch-cutter（字冲雕刻师、刻字师），从事字冲雕刻（punchcutting）的工匠 法国文化部制作的纪念 Garamond 逝世 450 周年的旧网站 Grecs du roi（国王的希腊字母），由 Robert Estienne 代表法兰西国王弗朗索瓦一世委托 Garamont 设计雕刻的活字，蓝本是当时皇家书院院长 Angelo Vergecio 的手稿 普朗坦印刷所（Plantin Press），16 世纪欧洲知名的印刷所，由 Christophe Plantin 在比利时的安特卫普创办 Garamond 字体，泛指基于 Garamont 所刻活字复刻的一系列 old-style 衬线体 Robert Granjon，法国字体设计师、印刷师，所设计的字体常被后世用作 Garamond 字体家族的 italic 体 Sabon，Jan Tschichold 基于 Garamont 活字所设计的衬线体 Garamond Premier，由 Robert Slimbach 基于 Garamont 活字所设计的衬线体家族，Adobe 出品；其中的 italic 部分参考了 Robert Granjon 的字体 Apple Garamond，Apple 委托 Bitstream 定制的品牌字体，字形与 ITC Garamond 相近 小林章著、刘庆译．《西文字体》．中信出版社．2014年． 「隐字」城市文字摄影主题日程本在 Type is Beautiful 微店上架，欢迎订购 主播 Eric：字体排印研究者，译者，Type is Beautiful 编辑 蒸鱼：设计师，Type is Beautiful 编辑 欢迎与我们交流或反馈，来信请致 podcast@thetype.com​。如果你喜爱本期节目，也欢迎用支付宝向我们捐赠：hello@thetype.com​。 Type is Beautiful 会员计划已上线，成为我们的会员，即可享受月刊通讯、礼品赠送、活动优惠以及购物折扣等权益。

Robert Estienne was the premier printer of the Protestant cause. He put Reformation doctrine and the Bible itself into the hands of ordinary people.