Podcasts about Macdonald

This episode of Mining Stock Daily features Brandon Macdonald, the newly appointed Executive Chairman of the "almost forgotten" Tinka Resources. Macdonald details the recently closed, oversubscribed $14 million financing deal which served to recapitalize and reinvigorate Tinka following challenges in the capital markets. The discussion outlines a new strategic direction for the company's Ayawilca project in Peru, emphasizing the need to focus on high-grade "meaningful tons" rather than just increasing overall tonnage, and rethinking the approach away from a maximalist greenfield build. While the flagship Ayawilca project requires substantial desktop work before drilling commences in mid-next year, the immediate work plan focuses on commencing drilling soon at the secondary copper-gold project, Silvia

Molly MacDonald, founder of The Pink Fund – a national nonprofit in the breast cancer space that provides a 90-day financial bridge for patients by covering essential costs like housing, transportation, insurance, and utilities.Through her powerful storytelling and unshakable vision, Molly has helped The Pink Fund distribute nearly $10 million since 2006, directly impacting treatment adherence, reducing bankruptcy, and improving survivorship outcomes for thousands of patients.Now, Molly's journey from journalist to nonprofit powerhouse proves what's possible when tenacity meets purpose – even when the odds are stacked against you and the naysayers are loud.And while navigating leadership transitions, forecasting funding, and standing out among 4,000 other breast cancer nonprofits, she continues to lead with heart, soul, and what many call a touch of “magic.”Here's where to find more:www.pinkfund.orghttps://www.linkedin.com/company/the-pink-fundhttps://www.facebook.com/ThePinkFundhttps://www.instagram.com/thepinkfund________________________________________________Welcome to The Unforget Yourself Show where we use the power of woo and the proof of science to help you identify your blind spots, and get over your own bullshit so that you can do the fucking thing you ACTUALLY want to do!We're Mark and Katie, the founders of Unforget Yourself and the creators of the Unforget Yourself System and on this podcast, we're here to share REAL conversations about what goes on inside the heart and minds of those brave and crazy enough to start their own business. From the accidental entrepreneur to the laser-focused CEO, we find out how they got to where they are today, not by hearing the go-to story of their success, but talking about how we all have our own BS to deal with and it's through facing ourselves that we find a way to do the fucking thing.Along the way, we hope to show you that YOU are the most important asset in your business (and your life - duh!). Being a business owner is tough! With vulnerability and humor, we get to the real story behind their success and show you that you're not alone._____________________Find all our links to all the things like the socials, how to work with us and how to apply to be on the podcast here: https://linktr.ee/unforgetyourself

RUNDOWN   Are Seattle sports are even fun anymore? Six hours “chewing my fingernails and losing hair.” Mitch and Scott argue about what “fun” in fandom really means, roast Matt Brash for his walk-filled chaos, and marvel at the weirdness of Seattle beating Tarik Skubal yet again. Mitch welcomes Brady Farkas (Refuse to Lose Podcast) and Joe Doyle (Over-Slot / Future Stars Series) for a fiery Mariners No-Table as Seattle heads to Detroit tied 1–1. They rave over Jorge Polanco's two-homer night off Cy Young favorite Tarik Skubal and the team's resilience, then dissect Dan Wilson's bullpen management in Game 1, Bryce Miller's usage, and the decision to start George Kirby. The group debates Matt Brash's shaky late-inning trust, Julio Rodriguez's base-running and clutch turnaround, and whether the Tigers or Mariners now hold the upper hand as the ALDS resumes. Mitch welcomes Brady Henderson (ESPN Seahawks Insider) and Jacson Bevens (Cigar Thoughts) for a heated Seahawks No-Table after Seattle's gut-wrenching 38–35 loss to Tampa Bay. The trio debates how Mike Macdonald's defense—ranked among the NFL's best through two weeks—got completely schemed apart by Baker Mayfield. Mitch rips the lack of pressure from Byron Murphy and Leonard Williams, the blown coverage across the secondary, and the failure to get a stop with the game on the line. All agree: Sam Darnold looked spectacular, throwing four touchdowns and confirming his franchise-QB credentials even in defeat. CBS analyst Rick Neuheisel joins Mitch after an emotional weekend that saw his son Jerry Neuheisel call plays for UCLA in the upset win over Penn State. Rick describes watching from the CBS studio as his phone exploded with messages, reliving the moment as both a broadcaster and a dad. He shares the behind-the-scenes timeline of Jerry being handed play-calling duties, his pride in how the Bruins responded, and the joy of seeing his family's work pay off. From there, the conversation turns to the broader college-football landscape — Penn State and Texas now facing uphill climbs to the playoff, Notre Dame's renewed path, the Huskies' comeback win in Maryland, Florida's bounce-back under Billy Napier, and previewing the week ahead with Oregon–Indiana on CBS.   GUESTS   Brady Farkas | Host, Refuse to Lose Podcast (Mariners on SI) Joe Doyle | MLB Draft & Mariners Analyst, Over-Slot Substack Brady Henderson | Seahawks Insider, ESPN Jacson Bevens | Writer, Cigar Thoughts Rick Neuheisel | CBS College Football Analyst, Former Head Coach & Rose Bowl Champion   TABLE OF CONTENTS   0:00 | From Fingernails to Fun Forest: Mitch and Hotshot Debate Whether Sports Are Still Fun After Six Brutal Hours of Seahawks and Mariners Angst 12:15 | BEAT THE BOYS - Register at MitchUnfiltered.com 15:46 | Mariners Split, Seahawks Stumble: Mitch Calls It “Inexcusable,” Hotshot Still Finds Hope in Detroit 32:01 | GUEST: Mariners No-Table; Polanco Powers Mariners Even, Wilson's Moves Debated as Series Shifts to Detroit 55:21 | GUEST: Seahawks No-Table; Seahawks Defense Collapses in 38–35 Shootout: MacDonald Takes the Blame, Darnold Shines in Defeat 1:20:50 | GUEST: Rick Neuheisel; A Proud Papa Moment — Rick Neuheisel on His Son's Play-Calling Debut and a Wild Weekend in College Football 1:51:20 | Other Stuff Segment: Michael Bennett defends Russell Wilson and says Richard Sherman's criticism is personal animosity, debate over whether Russ deserves the Hall of Fame, Mark Sanchez stabbed in Indianapolis parking dispute involving pepper spray, 49ers backup QB Mac Jones discovers a dead body outside his hotel before Thursday Night Football, Texas Rangers part ways with Bruce Bochy and promote Skip Schumaker, Jay Cutler released early from DUI jail after trying to pay off a fender-bender with $2,000, Nicole Kidman and Keith Urban's reported split includes a “no-cocaine bonus clause,” Dwayne “The Rock” Johnson gets early Oscar buzz for The Smashing Machine as MMA fighter Mark Kerr, Lionel Richie claims Michael Jackson was literally nicknamed “Smelly,” Mitch realizes the real-life fighter from The Smashing Machine went to Syracuse the same time he did. RIPs: Lawrence Moten, Syracuse basketball's all-time leading scorer (53), Arthur Jones, former Ravens defensive tackle and Syracuse standout (39), Jane Goodall, world-renowned primatologist and conservationist (91). Headlines: Holiday Inn Express testing scent-based alarm clocks (mildew, fast food, and beer farts), AI vandal confesses to crimes via chatbot “Rat GPT,” Seattle's sex-trivia nights draw crowds and educate, UK Health Service sparks debate over cousin marriages and their “benefits,” Hotshot's favorite — “Uncle Dad Christmas shopping simplified.”

“He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved.” — Mark 16:16 Mr. MacDonald asked the inhabitants of the island of St. Kilda how a man must be saved. An old man replied, “We shall be saved if we repent, and forsake our sins, and turn to God.” “Yes,” said a middle-aged female, “and with […]

Burnout recovery isn't about pushing harder. Discover how gentleness restores leadership rhythm, builds trust, and helps high-capacity humans lead from presence, not pressure.Burnout recovery often gets framed as rest, vacations, or temporary relief. But for high-capacity humans, the real restoration comes from a deeper source: gentleness.In this episode of The Recalibration, Julie Holly unpacks why gentleness is not laziness, but true leadership strength. Drawing from the life and influence of 19th-century poet-preacher George MacDonald, Julie explores how gentleness became a force that reshaped culture, awakened imagination, and restored weary souls. MacDonald's leadership reminds us: real authority flows from embodying peace, not pressing harder.You'll also see how burnout, decision fatigue, and role confusion are often symptoms of identity drift — when your nervous system stays braced and you lead from performance instead of presence. This is where Identity-Level Recalibration (ILR) makes the difference. ILR isn't another mindset tactic or productivity hack. It's the root-level shift that rewrites your story so every decision, boundary, and leadership rhythm flows from alignment with who you truly are.Today's conversation gets practical too. You'll learn how to spot the difference between leading from bracing and leading from gentleness — and why this shift restores both you and those you influence.Micro Recalibration: Schedule 3 ninety-second resets today. Breathe. Drop your shoulders. Soften your jaw. Release the outcome.For leaders: bring this into your team or family. Try starting a meeting or mealtime with one slow breath together. You'll be amazed at how the atmosphere shifts.Because gentleness isn't weakness. It's leadership that heals instead of drains.If this episode gave you language you've been missing, please rate and review the show so more high-capacity humans can find it. Explore Identity-Level Recalibration→ Follow Julie Holly on LinkedIn for more recalibration insights → Schedule a conversation with Julie to see if The Recalibration is a fit for you → Download the Misalignment Audit → Subscribe to the weekly newsletter → Join the waitlist for the next Recalibration cohort This isn't therapy. This isn't coaching. This is identity recalibration — and it changes everything.

On this week's episode on The New Mason Jar, Cindy and Dawn chat with Joyce MacPherson, veteran homeschooling mom, author, and Cindy's personal friend Who were some of Joyce's first biographies about, and how did she start writing them? Why Joyce chose to write one of her most recent books about George MacDonald How Joyce decided to write about Jane Austen Where Joyce and her daughter went to learn about Austen in England How Joyce started writing the Shakespeare Scriptorium series

Chicago Med showrunner Allen MacDonald and actor Steven Weber stop by ahead of the season 11 premiere to discuss what fans can expect from the upcoming season.

There's so much info to share about Canopus that it needed a second episode!In this episode, we take a look at some of the myths and deities associated with Canopus as well as earlier finds that have provided us with important details about the city.According to myth, the city began a the site where a Homeric hero met a gruesome end. It grew to become the main trade hub connecting Mediterranean routes to the Nile, a sacred city of several deities, and an internationally famous center of healing.Under the Ptolemies, Canopus became the site of the Mysteries of Osiris, blending Greek and Egyptian rituals of death and rebirth in order to gain sacred knowledge. We'll explore all we know about this mysterious annual ritual and others that were held here.TranscriptsFor transcripts of this episode head over to: https://archpodnet.com/tpm/23LinksSee photos related to episode topics on InstagramLoving the macabre lore? Treat your host to a coffee!Info on Canopus and Other Underwater Archaeology Projects in Alexandria from Lead Archaeologist Franck GoddioAncient recipes for cyprinum, a perfume made from henna grown at CanopusText of Canopus DecreeText of Nicander's TheriacaWorks CitedAbdel-Rahman, R. 2018. Recent Underwater Excavations at Thonis-Heracleion and Canopus. Annales Du Service Des Antiquités de l'Égypte (ASAE) 92:233–258.Buraselis, K., M. Stefanou, and D. J. Thompson. 2013. The Ptolemies, the Sea and the Nile. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Egypt Museum. Canopus & Heracleion: Sunkencities.Fraser, P. M. 1972. Ptolemaic Alexandria. Oxford University Press, Oxford.Goddio, F., and A. Masson-Berghoff. 2016. Sunken Cities: Egypt's Lost Worlds. Thames & Hudson / British Museum, London.Goddio, Franck. Projects: Sunken Civilizations: Canopus.Lavan, L., and M. Mulryan (editors). 2011. The Archaeology of Late Antique Paganism. Brill, Leiden.MacDonald, W. L., and J. A. Pinto. 1995. Hadrian's Villa and Its Legacy. Yale University Press, New Haven.Marriner, N., C. Morhange, and C. Flaux. 2017. Geoarchaeology of the Canopic Region: A Reconstruction of the Holocene Palaeo-Landscapes. Méditerranée 128:51–64.PAThs-ERC. East Canopus: Sacri Lapides Aegypti.Sidebotham, S. E. 2011. Berenike and the Ancient Maritime Spice Route. University of California Press, Berkeley.Sidebotham, S. E. 2019. Ports of the Red Sea and the Nile Delta: Trade and Cultural Exchange. In The Cambridge Companion to the Roman Economy, edited by W. Scheidel. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.ArchPodNetAPN Website: https://www.archpodnet.comAPN on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/archpodnetAPN on Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/archpodnetAPN on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/archpodnetAPN ShopAffiliatesMotion Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

The Australian pharmaceutical industry feeling threatened as Trump announces 100% tariffs on medicines; Bali hospital denies organ theft after body of young Australian repatriated without his heart; a ⁠Queensland kindergarten ‘ransoms’ children’s artwork for AUD$2,200. Katie Macdonald shares all the details with Lester Kiewit. Good Morning Cape Town with Lester Kiewit is a podcast of the CapeTalk breakfast show. This programme is your authentic Cape Town wake-up call. Good Morning Cape Town with Lester Kiewit is informative, enlightening and accessible. The team’s ability to spot & share relevant and unusual stories make the programme inclusive and thought-provoking. Don’t miss the popular World View feature at 7:45am daily. Listen out for #LesterInYourLounge which is an outside broadcast – from the home of a listener in a different part of Cape Town - on the first Wednesday of every month. This show introduces you to interesting Capetonians as well as their favourite communities, habits, local personalities and neighbourhood news. Thank you for listening to a podcast from Good Morning Cape Town with Lester Kiewit. Listen live on Primedia+ weekdays between 06:00 and 09:00 (SA Time) to Good Morning CapeTalk with Lester Kiewit broadcast on CapeTalk https://buff.ly/NnFM3Nk For more from the show go to https://buff.ly/xGkqLbT or find all the catch-up podcasts here https://buff.ly/f9Eeb7i Subscribe to the CapeTalk Daily and Weekly Newsletters https://buff.ly/sbvVZD5 Follow us on social media CapeTalk on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@capetalk CapeTalk on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ CapeTalk on X: https://x.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@CapeTalk567 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Indéfendable : Léo MacDonald a reçu son verdict! C’était la première Québec-Montréal hier soir. Journée de pluie en vue. Tour de table entre Isabelle Perron, Alexandre Dubé et Mario Dumont. Regardez aussi cette discussion en vidéo via https://www.qub.ca/videos ou en vous abonnant à QUB télé : https://www.tvaplus.ca/qub ou sur la chaîne YouTube QUB https://www.youtube.com/@qub_radio Pour de l'information concernant l'utilisation de vos données personnelles - https://omnystudio.com/policies/listener/fr

Kelly talks to Maryellen MacDonald, a cognitive scientist with a focus on psycholinguistics, the study of how we comprehend, produce, and learn languages. Her new book is called, “More Than Words: How Talking Sharpens the Mind and Shapes Our World.” “Both researchers and the popular media don't talk much about talking.”  “Talking doesn't just let us communicate. It […]

In this message, Josh Macdonald lays out Jesus teaching on passing judgment and blame on one another!If you want to stay connected with us, you can follow us on Instagram @gatekeepersatl, or to find out more about us in depth, visit gatecityatl.com/gatekeepers!

Text Carole & AndrewIn this episode: Mike's Rewind  Dawn's Fact Check  Listener Questions, Comments & Reviews  Michelle's Random Thought – Getting Older  Dick of the Week – Old guy stops 2 youths from fishing  Idiot – Drunk woman on American Airlines flight  Karen – Woman is annoyed at her neighbours frequent visitors  Asshole – Woman won't leave Barnes & Noble after it's closed  WTF – Man arrested for having “liquid opium”  Checking in with the Politicians – FBI Director Kash Patel  Dumbass – Two women meet in the aisle of a grocery store  Lamont's Lament – Dedicating things to dead people  What Does Kevin Think? – Canadians staying home?  The Doctor's Office –Hormone replacement therapy  How Smart is Carole? – Movie Music  The Big Blue Folder  We get played out by Tik Toker rollingblue  Out-takes   This episode of Grose Misconduct was sponsored by Crystal Glass, Leading Edge Physiotherapy, Ol' MacDonald's Resort, Arena Auto Service, Meathead Butcher Shop, Twin Otter Neighbourhood Pub, Daybreak Photo, The Edmonton Comedy Festival and Mad Lashes @CrystalGlassLTD @LeadingEdgePT @Macker63 @yegcomedy @mikedmonton @DawnsFactCheck @docTonyM  @MeatHeadInc Support the show

45 MinutesPG-13Dr. Kevin MacDonald is an American psychologist. He is a retired professor of psychology at California State University, Long Beach (CSULB), best known for his controversial application of evolutionary psychology to characterize Jewish behavior as a "group evolutionary strategy."Dr. MacDonald joined Peter to talk about the release of the 3rd edition of his classic work, "The Culture of Critique" by Antelope Hill Publishing.The Culture of Critique by Dr. Kevin MacDonald, 3rd Edition - promo code peteq for 5% offPete and Thomas777 'At the Movies'Support Pete on His WebsitePete's PatreonPete's SubstackPete's SubscribestarPete's GUMROADPete's VenmoPete's Buy Me a CoffeePete on FacebookPete on TwitterBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-pete-quinones-show--6071361/support.

In this episode of The Real Build, I sat down with Joe Macdonald, the owner of Neptune Glass in Naples, Florida.Neptune Glass has built a reputation for turning concepts into creations. They specialize in custom shower enclosures, mirrors, windows, and doors, backed by licensed and insured craftsmanship, on-time delivery, and consistent communication.We talked about:- What unmatched workmanship and customer service look like in practice- How Neptune Glass manages schedules and communication so clients stay confident in the process- What builders, designers, and homeowners should know when choosing a glass company- Why hiring a specialist matters for installation, integration, and quality- How Neptune Glass stays ahead of the curve in a competitive marketWhy Naples was the right place to grow the company and how the business has evolvedIf you're a builder, designer, or homeowner looking to understand what makes a true glass specialist stand out, this episode is packed with insight.Guest Info: Joe MacdonaldWebsite: ⁠⁠⁠⁠https://neptuneglassfl.com/Host Info:Email: Bill@rkreiman.comCONNECT WITH ME ON SOCIAL MEDIA:▶︎ YOUTUBE | ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCxAdSxHN0dIXZPhA-6p1HYA ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠▶︎ INSTAGRAM | ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.instagram.com/imbillreiman⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠▶︎FACEBOOK| ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.facebook.com/billy.reiman ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠▶︎ LINKEDIN | ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.linkedin.com/in/bill-reim...⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠▶︎ TWITTER | ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://twitter.com/ImBillReiman⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠▶︎ WEBSITE | ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.rkreiman.com

Dr. Maryellen MacDonald is the Donald P. Hayes Professor Emerita of Psychology and Language Sciences at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and is a renowned cognitive scientist. Her work in psycholinguistics explores how we comprehend, produce, and learn language—one of the most remarkable aspects of being human. Dr. MacDonald's research has examined language across the entire lifespan, from children and young adults to older adults and individuals living with Alzheimer's disease. In her book, “More than Words”, she explores the science around how and why we talk, and how this impacts our lives. In this episode, host Shay Beider and Dr. Maryellen MacDonald discuss the surprising power of talking—not just with others, but to ourselves. Dr. MacDonald explains that turning our internal state into words is a complex brain process that sharpens attention, calms the limbic system, and helps us follow through on goals. Dr. MacDonald shares that naming our thoughts and emotions can bring clarity, reduce stress, and tune the brain for better focus. She highlights how listening is easier than talking, a “desirable difficulty,” and stresses the importance of mastering the art of listening and talking. From children developing language and school readiness through conversation, to older adults keeping their brains engaged, talking shapes cognition across the lifespan. This episode encourages us to embrace conversation, self-talk, and journaling as tools to better understand ourselves and connect with others. Listen to the complete episode by clicking the player above. Transcripts for this episode are available at: https://www.integrativetouch.org/conversations-on-healing  Show Notes: Learn more about Dr. MacDonald Read her book, “More than Words” here This podcast was created by Integrative Touch (InTouch), which is changing healthcare through human connectivity. A leader in the field of integrative medicine, InTouch exists to alleviate pain and isolation for anyone affected by illness, disability or trauma. This includes kids and adults with cancers, genetic conditions, autism, cerebral palsy, traumatic stress, and other serious health issues. The founder, Shay Beider, pioneered a new therapy called Integrative Touch™Therapy that supports healing from trauma and serious illness. The organization provides proven integrative medicine therapies, education and support that fill critical healthcare gaps. Their success is driven by deep compassion, community and integrity.  Each year, InTouch reaches thousands of people at the Integrative Touch Healing Center, both in person and through Telehealth. Thanks to the incredible support of volunteers and contributors, InTouch created a unique scholarship model called Heal it Forward that brings services to people in need at little or no cost to them. To learn more or donate to Heal it Forward, please visit IntegrativeTouch.org

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John talks politicsSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In this episode of El Niño Speaks, José Niño sat down with Dr. Kevin MacDonald, evolutionary psychologist and author of The Culture of Critique, for an in-depth conversation on one of the most controversial and enduring analyses of Jewish influence in modern history.We discuss the origins of his thesis, how Jewish-led intellectual and political movements reshaped Western societies in the twentieth century, the updates in the new third edition, and why The Culture of Critique remains more relevant than ever in today's polarized political climate.Follow Dr. MacDonald's work:Third Edition of Culture of Critique: https://antelopehillpublishing.com/product/the-culture-of-critique-by-dr-kevin-macdonald/ Substack: kmacd33.substack.comTwitter: @RealKevinMacD33Website: The Occidental ObserverAre you concerned about your wealth during this times of economic uncertainty? Allocating parts of your wealth into physical precious metals is your best play. Whether you are:* An institutional client,* A HNWI or UHNWI,* Or a retail customer,You should contact my good friend Claudio Grass directly.Claudio is a veteran precious metal investor and wealth manager who has mastered precious markets and knows how to protect people's wealth no matter the economic and political circumstances. He will grant you access to his carefully-selected network of trustworthy partners which he has been working for multiple years. Claudio will advise you on the best players, the appropriate terms, and the necessary safeguards you must take to protect your wealth. In addition, he will guide you each step of the way when you buy, sell, and store physical bullion. Your precious metals will be privately stored in Switzerland outside of the banking system, and you can physically pick them up at the vault anytime at your own convenience. Are you ready to make your wealth recession-proof? Do not hesitate to contact Claudio; his initial consultations are free.Contact him below and tell him that José Niño was your reference: https://claudiograss.ch/contacts/ This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit josbcf.substack.com/subscribe

 With host retail coach Wendy Batten   https://wendybatten.com/podcast-intro/   In This Episode: Ever feel like your shop is running you instead of the other way around? You're not alone, and today's guest proves there's a better way. In this inspiring episode of the Creative Shop Talk Podcast, I'm welcoming Level Up Mastermind member Megan Macdonald, founder of Sandwick Bay Candles. Megan joins me all the way from a small island in Scotland. She's sharing her journey from making candles at her kitchen table to running a thriving retail and wholesale business with multiple revenue streams, including a coffee bar and subscription boxes. You'll hear how Megan unshackled herself from feeling tied down to her shop, built a strong team culture, and created the freedom to travel while still growing her business. Her story is a powerful reminder that with the right systems and mindset, you can build a profitable business that supports your dream life. Key Takeaways from This Conversation:   Building multiple revenue streams to fuel growth Creating freedom with strong systems and team trust Embracing scary but necessary growth decisions Balancing life, travel, and business without burnout Your Next Steps: 1. Reflect: What part of your business feels like it's tying you down? 2. Act: Identify one system or process you can delegate this week. 3. Dream: Ask yourself, “What needs to be true for me to step into my next level?” 4. Join us: Want to hang with like-minded shop owners from all over the world like Megan? The wait-list for the Level Up Mastermind is open! Add your name to the list today. Related podcasts we think you'll like:  Episode 126: 10 Simple Ways to Level Up Your Shop Episode 219: Retailer Success Series: Behind the Counter with Inner Circle Member Jeanne Terrill Episode 239: Behind the Counter: Building the Business You Wish Existed with Jasmine McCue   About Megan and Sandwick Bay Candles Megan started Sandwick Bay Candles as a side hustle while on leave from her Occupational Therapy career when her youngest child was little. During her leave, her passion for candlemaking grew and so did the business. During the lockdown in 2020, business exploded for Megan, causing her to move her small workshop (which started at the kitchen table!) to a lifestyle shop in Stornoway, Scotland. Today, Sandwick Bay Candles is anticipating the opening of a second store and stocking candles at many other small businesses in the area.    Megan is a member of the Level Up Mastermind and the Retailer's Inner Circle.   You can follow along with Megan here:  Instagram | Facebook | Website About your host, Wendy Batten   In case we haven't met yet, I'm Wendy Batten, retail business coach and founder of the Retailer's Inner Circle. With over 30 years of experience running successful businesses, I now help independent shop owners grow profitably and sustainably, with more confidence and joy. I've had my own business columns in featured magazines, such as What Women Create and other top publications, worked with some of the top industry brands as retail care manager, and I've supported hundreds of retailers through coaching, speaking, my programs, and this podcast.  For more support from Wendy   Join Wendy's CEO Planning Session for Retailers Retailer's Inner Circle - Join Wendy inside the best retailer's community Free resources for shop owners   Hang out and connect with Wendy on IG    All of Wendy's current programs and services for shop owners can be found HERE.  Never miss an episode! Subscribe to the Creative Shop Talk Podcast and get the tools, inspiration, and strategies you need to thrive as an independent retailer.Click here to subscribe to iTunes!  Loved the episode? Leave a quick review on iTunes- your reviews help other retailers find my podcast, and they're also fun for me to go in and read. Just click here to review, select “Ratings and Reviews” and “Write a Review” and let me know what your favorite part of the podcast is. So grateful for you! Thank you!

At the end of August, archaeologists announced extraordinary new finds from the sunken city of Canopus, located off the coast of Alexandria, Egypt. For the first time in 25 years, artifacts were raised from the seabed, including a sphinx inscribed with Ramses II's name, statues from the Ptolemaic and Roman eras, and shipwreck remains.In this episode, we'll explore both these latest underwater discoveries and geological surveys that are helping researchers understand what caused Canopus to sink, because understanding how people of the past adapted to disasters could help us find solutions for today's climate-threatened coastal cities.Listen now to learn about the artifacts, myths, and history of Canopus.TranscriptsFor transcripts of this episode head over to: https://archpodnet.com/tpm/22Links and ReferencesSee photos related to episode topics on InstagramLoving the macabre lore? Treat your host to a coffee!Info on Canopus and Other Underwater Archaeology Projects in Alexandria from Lead Archaeologist Franck GoddioAncient recipes for cyprinum, a perfume made from henna grown at CanopusText of Canopus DecreeText of Nicander's TheriacaAbdel-Rahman, R. 2018. Recent Underwater Excavations at Thonis-Heracleion and Canopus. Annales Du Service Des Antiquités de l'Égypte (ASAE) 92:233–258.Buraselis, K., M. Stefanou, and D. J. Thompson. 2013. The Ptolemies, the Sea and the Nile. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Egypt Museum. Canopus & Heracleion: Sunkencities.Fraser, P. M. 1972. Ptolemaic Alexandria. Oxford University Press, Oxford.Goddio, F., and A. Masson-Berghoff. 2016. Sunken Cities: Egypt's Lost Worlds. Thames & Hudson / British Museum, London.Goddio, Franck. Projects: Sunken Civilizations: Canopus.Lavan, L., and M. Mulryan (editors). 2011. The Archaeology of Late Antique Paganism. Brill, Leiden.MacDonald, W. L., and J. A. Pinto. 1995. Hadrian's Villa and Its Legacy. Yale University Press, New Haven.Marriner, N., C. Morhange, and C. Flaux. 2017. Geoarchaeology of the Canopic Region: A Reconstruction of the Holocene Palaeo-Landscapes. Méditerranée 128:51–64.PAThs-ERC. East Canopus: Sacri Lapides Aegypti.Sidebotham, S. E. 2011. Berenike and the Ancient Maritime Spice Route. University of California Press, Berkeley.Sidebotham, S. E. 2019. Ports of the Red Sea and the Nile Delta: Trade and Cultural Exchange. In The Cambridge Companion to the Roman Economy, edited by W. Scheidel. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.ArchPodNetAPN Website: https://www.archpodnet.comAPN on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/archpodnetAPN on Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/archpodnetAPN on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/archpodnetAPN ShopAffiliatesMotion Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Headlines and 12th man news with GREGG BELL (Tacoma News Tribune) Gregg joins us live from Ketchup Country to give us his thoughts on the Hawks win and the latest 12th man news. :30- ABCs of the Mariners - X is for excellence: if you're Dan Wilson, Sunday's game is how you draw it up - Y Is for yonder: yonder has been an issue- this team hasn't been good on the road… - Z is for Zeus: if Mickey Mantle Is a God, then Cal is clearly Zeus :35- It's fact or fiction time! Can we keep up our success from last week? Ashley makes her pick! :45- Today we get to hear from a victorious Coach MacDonald, but he still thinks there's a lot this team needs to work on. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Headlines and 12th man news with GREGG BELL (Tacoma News Tribune) Gregg joins us live from Ketchup Country to give us his thoughts on the Hawks win and the latest 12th man news. :30- ABCs of the Mariners - X is for excellence: if you're Dan Wilson, Sunday's game is how you draw it up - Y Is for yonder: yonder has been an issue- this team hasn't been good on the road… - Z is for Zeus: if Mickey Mantle Is a God, then Cal is clearly Zeus :35- It's fact or fiction time! Can we keep up our success from last week? Ashley makes her pick! :45- Today we get to hear from a victorious Coach MacDonald, but he still thinks there's a lot this team needs to work on.

Tonight's rundown: Hey BillOReilly.com Premium and Concierge Members, welcome to the No Spin News for Thursday, September 11, 2025. Stand Up for Your Country.  Talking Points Memo: Bill asserts that evil is on the rise, citing Charlie Kirk's death as the latest example. Dr. Owen Anderson, Professor of Philosophy and Religion at Arizona State University, joins the No Spin News to share his experience working with Charlie Kirk and Turning Point USA, and to discuss how the ASU faculty responded to Kirk. Author and Manhattan Institute Fellow Heather Mac Donald on the media's response to Charlie Kirk's death and the issue of hate speech. This Day in History: On September 11, 2001, the U.S. was forever changed as a nation by the September 11th terror attacks. Final Thought: Stay tuned to BillOReilly.com for Bill's column about attending the Yankees game with Trump tonight. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Sandman is back. Adam Sandler returns to the links with Happy Gilmore 2 (2025) which does a lot to remind us all of the original Happy Gilmore (1996), perhaps too much. The nostalgia-leaning and cameo-fueled sequel doesn't deliver as well, but it has its moments. So grab your golden jacket and hockey stick putter, and meet us on the course, Shooter. Let us know what you thought. Also Play:Cinema Chain Game--------------------------------------------Subscribe, rate, and review:Apple Podcasts: Our Film FathersSpotify: Our Film FathersYouTube: Our Film Fathers---------------------------------------------Follow Us:Instagram: @ourfilmfathersTwitter / X: @ourfilmfathersEmail: ourfilmfathers@gmail.com

In this message, Josh Macdonald breaks down what Jesus has teaches about how to steward our money and possessions, live generously, and deal with our financial and posterity related anxieties! If you want to stay connected with us, you can follow us on Instagram @gatekeepersatl, or to find out more about us in depth, visit gatecityatl.com/gatekeepers!

Megyn Kelly opens her show by playing and reacting to the full Charlotte stabbing video that was put out, explains why we must all watch the horror, breaks down why this is a “tipping point,” and more. Then The Daily Wire reporter Megan Basham, "When Race Trumps Merit" author Heather Mac Donald, and "Toxic Empathy" author Allie Beth Stuckey join to discuss why the Charlotte stabbing of Iryna Zarutska should serve as a “tipping point,” the realities of interracial crime, terrible reactions from the media and city leaders, why elites avoid discussing the Charlotte stabbing racial elements, systemic and legal issues that allow repeat offenders to remain on the streets, why mentally ill criminals should not be allowed to roam the streets, and more. Then Mike Solana, editor-in-chief of Pirate Wires, joins to talk about the first excerpt from Kamala Harris' new book, her non-stop complaints about everything, her criticisms of Joe Biden and his administration, Kamala's claim she actually helped fix the immigration crisis, her refusal to actually answer the question of who was running the country for four years, the reaction to the book so far from the left, Morning Joe's history of Biden lies, and more. Birch Gold: Text MK to 989898 and get your free info kit on goldFirecracker Farm: Visit https://firecracker.FARM & enter code MK at checkout for a special discount!Byrna: Go to https://Byrna.com or your local Sportsman's Warehouse today.PrizePicks: Download the PrizePicks app today and use code MEGYN to get $50 in lineups after you play your first $5 lineup! Visit https://prizepicks.onelink.me/LME0/MEGYN  Follow The Megyn Kelly Show on all social platforms:YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/MegynKellyTwitter: http://Twitter.com/MegynKellyShowInstagram: http://Instagram.com/MegynKellyShowFacebook: http://Facebook.com/MegynKellyShow Find out more information at:https://www.devilmaycaremedia.com/megynkellyshow

Bucky's pursuing his dreams for the next week and wish him all the best! Meanwhile… about that 4th and 1 decision… if you trust your defense, don't you go for it? Or did Mike MacDonald not trust his offense? :30- Mariners Morning After The Mariners won their 3rd straight after an impressive outing from Bryan Woo and a hot 6th inning for the Mariners offense. :45- Mike MacDonald spoke to the media yesterday, so we get his thoughts on the team's offensive performance and lack of play action pass.

Bucky's pursuing his dreams for the next week and wish him all the best! Meanwhile… about that 4th and 1 decision… if you trust your defense, don't you go for it? Or did Mike MacDonald not trust his offense? :30- Mariners Morning After The Mariners won their 3rd straight after an impressive outing from Bryan Woo and a hot 6th inning for the Mariners offense. :45- Mike MacDonald spoke to the media yesterday, so we get his thoughts on the team's offensive performance and lack of play action pass. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

On Episode 101, we discuss the conviction of an Ontario man for terrorism and hate speech, we explain our concerns with the investigation of a Juno News journalist for his report on a Liberal federal election candidate, and we tell you about some new tough-on-crime proposals. Stories and cases discussed in this week's episode: Ottawa man sentenced to 10 years over neo-Nazi terrorist propaganda (Globe and Mail)R. v. MacDonald, 2025 ONSC 1939 (CanLii)Ottawa Targets Juno News: Criminal Probe Into Our Report on Liberal Candidate (Juno)City of Hamilton orders resident to take down 10 security cameras from his home (CHCH)Poilievre proposes “Stand on Guard” Law to expand self-defence rights in one's home (Penticton Herald)Carney will introduce legislation next month to tighten bail system (Globe and Mail)Not Reserving Judgment is a podcast about Canadian constitutional law hosted by Josh Dehaas, Joanna Baron, and Christine Van Geyn. The show is brought to you by the Canadian Constitution Foundation, a non-partisan legal charity dedicated to defending rights and freedoms. To support our work, visit theccf.ca/donate.

Heather Mac Donald, the Thomas W. Smith Fellow at the Manhattan Institute, joins Paul E. Peterson to discuss Mac Donald's recent article, which is critical of the changes the Trump Administration has made with the National Science Foundation. Mac Donald's article, "Trump Takes on Big Science," is available now from City Journal. https://www.city-journal.org/article/trump-national-science-foundation-education-grant-funding

Fresh off Hawthorn's thrilling 19-point victory over GWS Giants, forward Connor Macdonald joins the Talking Hawks Podcast to discuss the team's enthralling win in the Elimination Final. He breaks down the crucial fourth-quarter comeback, praises teammates Sam Butler and Jack Ginnivan's impressive performances, and looks ahead to the upcoming semi-final against the Crows at the Adelaide Oval. Macdonald also reflects on the team's incredible depth and resilience throughout an injury-riddled season, the growth of the "Hokball movement," and what makes this young Hawks squad so special as they chase their 14th premiership.Give TH a 5-star review! Subscribe on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@TalkingHawksFollow on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TalkingHawksFollow on Twitter: https://twitter.com/talking_hawksFollow on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/talkinghawks

The Carney government's promise to update Canada's Clean Fuel Regulations (CFR) could create an opportunity to block fraudulent used cooking oil (UCO) imports, according to the federal agriculture minister. Prime Minister Mark Carney announced the government's intent to amend the CFR as part of a package of supports for "strategic sectors" affected by tariffs announced... Read More

In this essential episode, Drew and Josh are joined by Dr. Birthe Macdonald, a psychologist and neuroscience researcher who's become a vital voice in combating mental health misinformation on social media. The conversation tackles the overwhelming sea of questionable advice that anxious people encounter online, from vagus nerve stimulation devices to "nervous system regulation" quick fixes.Dr. Macdonald shares her journey from neuroscience researcher to science communicator, sparked by sponsored ads for electrical vagus nerve stimulators that made bold claims without solid evidence. The trio explores why these pseudoscientific approaches are particularly appealing to people struggling with anxiety disorders – and why they can actually be harmful.Key topics include:The dangerous appeal of "one thing" solutions that promise instant reliefWhy sponsored vagus nerve stimulation devices and similar products exploit vulnerable peopleHow social media algorithms amplify misinformation while evidence-based content gets overlookedRed flags to watch for when consuming mental health content onlineThe difference between what we know about how the brain works versus being able to "work" the brain directlyWhy ChatGPT and AI can become problematic reassurance-seeking tools for people with anxietyHow to become a more critical consumer of pop psychology contentThe conversation doesn't dismiss that some techniques may provide temporary relief, but emphasizes understanding why they work (often through distraction rather than magical nervous system manipulation) and recognizing when they become compulsive behaviors that maintain anxiety in the long run.This episode serves as both a reality check and a guide for navigating the complex landscape of mental health information online, helping listeners distinguish between evidence-based approaches and appealing but potentially harmful quick fixes.Find Birthe Online:https://www.instagram.com/dr.birthe.macdonald/https://www.birthemacdonald.comhttps://substack.com/@drbirthemacdonald---Disordered Roundtables are here! Think of it as "Disordered Live", a way for members of our audience to spend time with us in an intimate virtual setting (attendance is limited) to engage in real time sharing and discussion on specific anxiety disorder and recovery topics. To be notified when new Disordered Roundtable sessions are scheduled, ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠visit our homepage and get on our mailing list⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠.---Struggling with worry and rumination that you feel you can't stop or control? Check out ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Worry and Rumination Explained⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠, a two hour pre-recorded workshop produced by Josh and Drew. The workshop takes a deep dive into the mechanics of worrying and ruminating, offering some helpful ways to approach the seemingly unsolvable problem of trying to solve seemingly unsolvable problems.-----Want to ask us questions, share your wins, or get more information about Josh, Drew, and the Disordered podcast? Send us an email or voicemail on our website.

What does it really take to build strength not just in the gym but in life and business?This week we are sharing an episode where I sat down with Jennifer Van Barneveld (Coach JVB), owner of Strong Fitness Magazine and the powerhouse between Team Strong Girls. Her story is nothing short of inspiring. Jennifer went from selling printer toner, to hitting what she calls her “MacDonald's Miracle” rock-bottom moment, to building a 7-figure coaching business and leading one of the most recognizable fitness publications in the world. Here's what you'll learn in this podcastWhy you don't need a perfect plan to startHow to turn setbacks into fuel for growthThe power of momentum and why clarity comes after actionJenni's biggest lessons in leadership, resilience, and staying grounded through success.If you've ever felt stuck, uncertain, or like you're waiting for the “right time” to make your move, this episode is your reminder that strength isn't about doing it all perfectly. It's about moving forward, even when it's messy. TO CONNECT WITH JENNIFER:Jenn's instagram: https://www.instagram.com/Coach_JVB/ Strong Fitness Magazine's Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/strongfitnessmag/ Team Strong Girls' Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/teamstronggirls/ CONNECT WITH KELSEY Thanks for tuning into this episode. All links, events & offers can be found below.Episode show notes can be found on my website |https://www.kelseyreidl.com/podcastThe WAVE™ Mastermind: where Canadian female entrepreneurs scale from 0-10k / months and 10-50k / months. Learn more about our group + explore upcoming events |https://www.kelseyreidl.com/mastermindWork with me 1:1 as your Marketing Consultant |https://www.kelseyreidl.com/visionary-marketing-coachingRank on Page # 1 of Google with Everyday SEO™ |https://kelseyreidl.lpages.co/seo/ Subscribe to our Email Newsletter |www.kelseyreidl.com/dose

We loved chatting to Stu....and you're going to love learning from this GOLD taken from our recent episode:  What happens when a founder steps back from doing everything and instead builds a team that can take the business further than they ever could alone?In this 5-minute clip, Stu Macdonald, founder of ManiLife Peanut Butter, shares why building their own factory was a turning point, not just for product quality and innovation, but for company culture.Stu opens up about:- Why making their own product was essential for both quality and commercial success.- The power of trusting great people to lead where he couldn't.- The difference between working “insanely hard” versus building a business that hums.- His raw experience with burnout and the shift that saved both him and the company.This is a powerful reminder that YOU, the FOUNDERS, perhaps DON'T don't need to do it all...or at least that you can CHOOSE to work towards a time when you're NOT doing it all. The right team, the right timing, and the right role for you can play to your strengths and drive even stronger growth.This clip was selected and hand-picked by the brilliant team at MKJ Ignite, the FMCG recruitment experts helping challenger brands grow with the right people in the right roles, and is full of practical people insights. Directors Billy, Paul, and Immy have combed through the Brand Growth Heroes archives to bring you the most valuable founder wisdom on hiring and scaling teams that THRIVE.A new 5-minute episode drops every two weeks — so make sure to HIT FOLLOW and don't miss the next one.If you're wondering whether or not you need help with your recruitment, or would like to ask for some advice, you can e-mail Billy directly at billy.maddock@mkj-ignite.co.ukConnect with Billy Maddock on LinkedInConnect with Immy Southwell on LinkedInConnect with Paul Jones on LinkedInFollow MKJ Ignite on InstagramConnect with MKJ Ignite on LinkedIn

The Seattle Times’ Ryan Divish joins Bump & Stacy to talk about the Mariners roster moves with the expansion. He breaks down what Harry Ford joining the team means and what he expects from him. He also talks about how the team played in their road trip series in Cleveland. // Four Down Territory: 1st Down: You love coach Macdonald, but you don't like the approach he has when it comes to leadership. What is it? 2nd Down: What can be seen as a negative but in reality is a positive when it comes to college football? 3rd Down: What's an overblown expectation when it comes to week 1? 4th Down: What are some week 1 matchups you are looking forward to seeing? // The Timeline: Lee Corso made his final appearance on College Gameday and it was a spectacle. He went 6-6 in his final picks. A fight broke out after the Sounders 3-0 win over Inter Miami that included Miami’s Luis Suarez spitting on a Sounders staff member. // Bump & Stacy break down their confidence levels in the Seahawks roster going into week 1. They have not made any roster additions since cut down day. 

Bump & Stacy go through what is true and not true about some of the narratives in the national media surrounding the Mariners and Seahawks. // Four Down Territory: 1st Down: You love coach Macdonald, but you don't like the approach he has when it comes to leadership. What is it? 2nd Down: What can be seen as a negative but in reality is a positive when it comes to college football? 3rd Down: What's an overblown expectation when it comes to week 1? 4th Down: What are some week 1 matchups you are looking forward to seeing? // What does Cal Raleigh need to do to keep his name in the MVP conversation? How much impact does it have that teams are pitching to him differently this season? // We give you Everything I Need to Know! 

Bare Female Shoulders, Oh My! Flapping through the 1920s in Bootie and Bossy's Episode 49!Why, why, why do men care so much about what women wear? Oh right, because they want to control women, but Irene Castle did not let the condemnation of Pope Pius and other religious leaders stop her from bobbing her hair and baring her shoulders. As a result, Castle was blamed for everything from broken engagements to wrecked homes, according to Anne Macdonald in No Idle Hands: The Social History of American Knitting. But this was the roaring 20s, the era of the Flappers, when women emerged from World War I empowered by new economic opportunity, and they said hello to voting and goodbye to old fashion, especially the corset. Now women were finally free to breath and move, or in Irene Castle's case, dance. Despite the liberation, Flapper fashion had some downsides--like constant dieting to get the boyish figure that looked good in the new, clingy tube knits. With rising hemlines and plunging necklines, it also ushered in the practice of women shaving their armpits and legs. That practice is still with us. Thanks.Everyone was so tired of knitting socks for the war, many turned to more decorative needlework like embroidery, but wool companies fought hard to keep knitting on the national radar by sponsoring contests with top prizes running as high as $2000. And knitting was still known for calming the nerves, as First Lady Grace Coolidge explained while sailing on the Presidential yacht, the Mayflower:"Many a time when I have to hold myself firmly, I have taken up my needle. It might be a sewing needle, knitting needles, or a crochet hook—whatever its form or purposes, it often proved to be the needle of the compass, keeping me to the course."Grace Coolidge, quoted in Macdonald, No Idle Hands, p. 243.It's not only the knitting that centers us though—the wearing of a beautiful, hand-knit garment brings a special joy, as Bossy recently discovered when wearing the Goldwing sweater that Bootie gifted her after three months of repeated badgering. It was worth it—this is just the best thing, and look, no bare shoulders! Certain popes might even approve--oh wait, we don't care.So join us for some good flapping about knitting then and now, and a great recipe for Vietnamese Chicken, compliments of Michele Lee Bernstein!

OEG's Executive VP of Revenue, Stew MacDonald (8/29/25) Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Topic“A Daughter's Journey: Motherhood, Faith, and Strength Through Life's Battles” Tagline“From daughter to mother, from fighter to warrior — Nathalie shines in faith, love, and resilience.” IntroductionOn August 28th at 3 PM EST, join Miss Liz for a very special Teatime conversation with her daughter, Nathalie MacDonald. This is not just an episode; it's a celebration of life, strength, and faith — on my daughter Nathalie's birthday.Nathalie is more than a fighter; she's a survivor, a warrior, and a woman of God, walking a path of faith and growth. To her children, Nathalie is their real-life superhero — strong, loving, and kind-hearted — the “best mommy in the world,” seen through the eyes of her 4-year-old daughter who calls her “a hero with the biggest heart.”As a mother, daughter, and woman finding strength in her spiritual journey, My Daughter Nathalie's story reflects courage, transformation, and the beauty of embracing faith as the foundation of her life.⸻ DescriptionThis Teatime is deeply personal. It's about love, resilience, and the unbreakable bond between mother and daughter. Nathalie opens her heart to share her journey — the joys and challenges of motherhood, the faith that grounds her, and the lessons she's learning along the way.From fighting through life's most challenging obstacles to becoming a beacon of light for her children, Nathalie reminds us that even in the darkest times, faith and love pave the way forward. This episode isn't just about storytelling; it's about celebrating strength, kindness, and the power of God's grace.⸻ Hashtags#TeatimeWithMissLiz #NathalieMacDonald #FaithAndFamily #WarriorMom #SurvivorStory #BirthdayBlessings #StrengthInFaith #KindHearted #SuperMom #MotherhoodJourney #ChildOfGod #MissLizTEA Closing SummaryAs this heartfelt birthday Teatime draws to a close, Nathalie leaves us with a message of faith, strength, and love. Her journey as a mother, a survivor, and a woman grounded in God's grace is a testament to resilience and unwavering hope.Through her story, we celebrate not just a daughter and a mother but a warrior who continues to grow, love, and inspire — proving that even through life's most significant challenges, faith lights the path forward.

In this episode, Ngan KN MacDonald, Chief of Data Operations at the Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine at Northwestern University, discusses integrating AI into medical education, building strong data foundations, and the future of augmented intelligence in healthcare. She highlights the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration to drive meaningful innovation.

We cover the top 8 sports stories of the day in the OCHO. 1. Seahawks-Packers joint practice 2. Preseason finale 3. Micah Parsons vs Jerry Jones 4. It's CFB Eve! 5. Huskies are just a week away! 6. Mariners limp back home 7. Storm are in Dallas 8. KJR weekend :30- We've gotten some looks at Drew Lock and Jalen Milroe, but Sam Darnold has only played one preseason series and apparently that was enough for MacDonald and Kubiak. :45- The Mariners are finally back home and hosting the A's tonight, but this ain't a cakewalk.

We cover the top 8 sports stories of the day in the OCHO. 1. Seahawks-Packers joint practice 2. Preseason finale 3. Micah Parsons vs Jerry Jones 4. It's CFB Eve! 5. Huskies are just a week away! 6. Mariners limp back home 7. Storm are in Dallas 8. KJR weekend :30- We've gotten some looks at Drew Lock and Jalen Milroe, but Sam Darnold has only played one preseason series and apparently that was enough for MacDonald and Kubiak. :45- The Mariners are finally back home and hosting the A's tonight, but this ain't a cakewalk. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Linktree: ⁠https://linktr.ee/Analytic⁠Join The Normandy For Additional Bonus Audio And Visual Content For All Things Nme+! Join Here: ⁠https://ow.ly/msoH50WCu0K⁠ Join Analytic Dreamz on Notorious Mass Effect for a deep dive into Tom MacDonald's “The Devil Is A Democrat,” a provocative trap anthem hitting No. 1 on U.S. iTunes Songs Chart by Aug. 20, 2025. Known for his right-wing “MAGA rap,” MacDonald sparks debate with sharp critiques of Democratic policies. With 796M+ YouTube views and a strong conservative fanbase, his digital download dominance shines. Analytic Dreamz analyzes the song's chart success, social media buzz on X, and its place in MacDonald's controversial career.Support this podcast at — https://redcircle.com/analytic-dreamz-notorious-mass-effect/donationsAdvertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brandsPrivacy & Opt-Out: https://redcircle.com/privacy

Marc Cox and Dan Buck dive into Tom MacDonald's hit “The Devil Is A Democrat,” which shot to #1 on Apple downloads in just three days. They discuss his outspoken conservative message, his image, and why artists like MacDonald, Kid Rock, and Ted Nugent face pushback from mainstream media.

Worrying is never much fun, but it's especially not fun in the leadup to a performance or audition. And even more so when we get stuck in a “worry loop” and can't seem to get ourselves out of it.It's a little like the time my family visited Paris when I was a kid, and my dad got stuck in the roundabout around the Arc de Triomphe. I don't know how long we drove around and around, but I do know that I fell asleep at some point, and when I woke up, we were still looping around.

Ben talks to pastor and content creator Landon MacDonald. Landon is the pastor of Mission Community Church in Phoenix, AZ. They discuss an experiment Landon did involving billboard ad space which made him go viral, and why biblical illiteracy often plagues the church today.----------------------Ben has completely revised and updated his powerful book, Jesus in the Secular World: Reaching a Culture in Crisis—a must-read guide for anyone longing to reach those who may never step foot in a church. Packed with real-world insights and practical strategies, this book could be the breakthrough you've been searching for.Don't wait—get your copy today!Click HERE to check it out on Amazon.For more information, go to: jesusinthesecularworld.com------------------------Questions, comments, or feedback? We'd love to hear what you think! Send them to provokeandinspire@steiger.org, or send us a message on Instagram.Click HERE to receive news, thought-provoking articles, and stories directly in your inbox from Ben, David, Luke, and Chad!Click below to follow the regulars on Instagram!Ben PierceDavid PierceChad JohnsonLuke GreenwoodSend us a text

Read a more in-depth article about Killer Kids at https://weirddarkness.com/youngest-murderers-criminal-history/From an 11-year-old who killed for 'fun' to teens who murdered their own families, these 15 shocking cases of killer kids reveal the disturbing truth about whether we can predict which children will become murderers.Join the DARKNESS SYNDICATE: https://weirddarkness.com/syndicateTake the WEIRD DARKNESS LISTENER SURVEY and help mold the future of the podcast: https://weirddarkness.com/surveyIN THIS EPISODE: As a listener of true crime podcasts, you likely are more than familiar with names like H.H. Holmes, Richard Ramirez, and Gary Ridgeway. But what happens when the serial killer hasn't even reached adolescence? We'll look at some chilling murders that were carried out by children, which will change the way you look at youthful adolescents from now on. (Killer Kids) *** Are there traits you can look for in a child that might indicate if they will become a killer later in life? We'll look at three traits believed to be indicators. (Predicting a Killer) *** You can teach a dog to roll over and fetch. You can teach a cat to use the toilet. Lions and tigers have been trained to jump through hoops of fire to thrill spectators at circuses worldwide. And even a gorilla has been taught some basic sign language. But would you believe there was once a horse that could do arithmetic? (The Horse Who Could Do Math) *** William Stead was a newspaper editor and journalist in the 1890s. His beat wasn't the fashion scene or stock market, nor was it the arts district or even politics. He covered the paranormal. And it wasn't hard to come up with stories, because all he had to do was to call up someone from the underworld for an exclusive interview. (Words From Beyond The Grave) *** If you move into an old house, it always feels awkward at first. After a while though, it begins to feel like home. For some people, if the house is a bit older, perhaps that odd feeling of being watched never really goes away. But if your house was built 270 years ago, you probably should just assume you've got a spook or two already residing there before you sign the mortgage. (1750's Horror Home)ABOUT WEIRD DARKNESS: Weird Darkness is a true crime and paranormal podcast narrated by professional award-winning voice actor, Darren Marlar. Seven days per week, Weird Darkness focuses on all thing strange and macabre such as haunted locations, unsolved mysteries, true ghost stories, supernatural manifestations, urban legends, unsolved or cold case murders, conspiracy theories, and more. On Thursdays, this scary stories podcast features horror fiction along with the occasional creepypasta. Weird Darkness has been named one of the “Best 20 Storytellers in Podcasting” by Podcast Business Journal. Listeners have described the show as a cross between “Coast to Coast” with Art Bell, “The Twilight Zone” with Rod Serling, “Unsolved Mysteries” with Robert Stack, and “In Search Of” with Leonard Nimoy.DISCLAIMER: Ads heard during the podcast that are not in my voice are placed by third party agencies outside of my control and should not imply an endorsement by Weird Darkness or myself. *** Stories and content in Weird Darkness can be disturbing for some listeners and intended for mature audiences only. Parental discretion is strongly advised.CHAPTERS & TIME STAMPS (All Times Approximate)…00:00:00.000 = Lead-In00:01:24.020 = Show Open00:04:03.120 = Killer Kids00:30:59.286 = Predicting A Killer00:37:51.063 = Horse Who Could Do Math00:49:43.839 = Words From Beyond The Grave00:57:19.605 = 1750's Horror Home01:10:53.423 = Show CloseSOURCES AND RESOURCES FROM THE EPISODE…BOOK: “Homicidal Threats” by J. M. MacDonald: https://amzn.to/3f4CcGiBOOK: “After Death or Letters From Julia” by W.T. Stead: https://amzn.to/2Ydk9qpBOOK: “The Blue Island: Experiences of a New Arrival Beyond the Veil” by W.T. Stead: https://amzn.to/2XKCbS4“Killer Kids” by Abbey White for The Line Up: https://tinyurl.com/yd7wbqw7“Predicting a Killer” by CWS for The Line Up: https://tinyurl.com/yaxza9ju“The Horse Who Could Do Math” by Kaushik Patowary for Amusing Planet: https://tinyurl.com/yb3zn423“Words From Beyond the Grave” by Marc Hartzman for Weird Historian: https://tinyurl.com/ya3tk8rv“1750s Horror Home” by Virulent Peach for Your Ghost Stories: https://tinyurl.com/y7vl59da=====(Over time links may become invalid, disappear, or have different content. I always make sure to give authors credit for the material I use whenever possible. If I somehow overlooked doing so for a story, or if a credit is incorrect, please let me know and I will rectify it in these show notes immediately. Some links included above may benefit me financially through qualifying purchases.)= = = = ="I have come into the world as a light, so that no one who believes in me should stay in darkness." — John 12:46= = = = =WeirdDarkness® is a registered trademark. Copyright ©2025, Weird Darkness.=====Originally aired: June 08, 2020NOTE: Some of this content may have been created with assistance from AI tools, but it has been reviewed, edited, narrated, produced, and approved by Darren Marlar, creator and host of Weird Darkness — who, despite popular conspiracy theories, is NOT an AI voice.EPISODE PAGE at WeirdDarkness.com (includes list of sources): https://weirddarkness.com/KillerKids#KillerKids #ChildMurderers #YoungestSerialKillers #TrueCrime #MacdonaldTriad #CriminalPsychology #JessePomeroy #MaryBell #JamesBulger #EricSmith #JasmineRichardson #TeenageKillers #JuvenileCrime #ChildSerialKillers #ForensicPsychology #TrueCrimeCommunity #SerialKillerChildhood #ViolentChildren #TrueCrimeStories #MurderousMinors #DisturbingCases #ChildPsychology #TeenMurderers #YoungestKillers #CrimeDocumentary #TrueCrimePodcast #ChildhoodTrauma #JuvenileMurderers #KillerChildren #TrueCrimePsychology #YouthViolence #CriminalBehavior #ShockingCrimes #TrueCrimeAddict #CriminalProfiling #DisturbingTrueCrime #WarningSigns #TrueCrimeObsessed #CrimeAnalysis #TrueCrimeJunkie

How should we understand the words, “in him all things were created” in Col 1.16? Although commonly taken to mean Christ created the universe, this view has contextual, structural, and exegetical problems. In what follows I’ll name six problems with old-creation readings before laying out why a new creation approach makes sense. I presented this talk at the 2025 Unitarian Christian Alliance (UCA) conference in Uxbridge, England. Scroll down to see the full-length paper. For those listening to the audio, here’s a quick reference to Colossians 1.15-20 Strophe 1 (Col 1.15-18a) 15a      who is (the) image of the invisible God, 15b      firstborn of all creation 16a      for in him were created all things 16b                  in the heavens and upon the earth, 16c                  the visible and the invisible, 16d                  whether thrones or dominions or rulers or authorities 16e      all things have been created through him and for him 17a      and he is before all things 17b      and all things hold together in him 18a      and he is the head of the body of the Church,[12] Strophe 2 (Col 1.18b-20) 18b      who is (the) beginning, 18c      firstborn from the dead, 18d                  in order that he may be first in all things, 19        for in him was pleased all the fulness to dwell 20a      and through him to reconcile all things in him, 20b      making peace through the blood of his cross 20c                  whether the things upon the earth 20d                  or the things in the heavens Here’s Randy Leedy’s New Testament Diagram Here are the slides in the original PowerPoint format Download [13.82 MB] Here are the slides converted to PDF Loading... Taking too long? Reload document | Open in new tab Download [3.16 MB] To read the paper, simply scroll down or read it on Academia.edu.   Listen on Spotify   Listen on Apple Podcasts —— Links —— Check out these other papers by Sean Finnegan Support Restitutio by donating here Join our Restitutio Facebook Group and follow Finnegan on X @RestitutioSF Leave a voice message via SpeakPipe with questions or comments and we may play it out on the air Who is Sean Finnegan?  Read his bio here Get Finnegan’s book, Kingdom Journey to learn about God’s kingdom coming on earth as well as the story of how Christianity lost this pearl of great price. Get the transcript of this episode Intro music: Good Vibes by MBB Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-SA 3.0) Free Download / Stream: Music promoted by Audio Library. Below is the paper presented on July 25, 2025 in Uxbridge, England at the 2nd annual UCA UK Conference. Access this paper on Academia.edu to get the pdf. Full text is below, including bibliography and end notes. Colossians 1.16: Old Creation or New Creation? by Sean P. Finnegan Abstract  How should we understand the words, “in him all things were created” in Col 1.16? Although commonly taken to mean Christ created the universe, this view has contextual, structural, and exegetical problems. In what follows, I will explain the difficulties with the various old creation readings of Col 1.16 along with five reasons for a new creation approach. Then I'll provide a new creation reading of Col 1.16 before summarizing my findings in the conclusion. Introduction  Colossians 1.15-20 is a fascinating text of great importance for Christology. Commonly understood to be a hymn, it is fascinating in its cosmic scope and elevated Christology. Although many commentators interpret Paul[1] to say that Christ created the universe in his pre-existent state in Col 1.16, not all scholars see it that way. For example, Edward Schillebeeckx writes, “There is no mention in this text of pre-existence in the Trinitarian sense.”[2] Rather he sees “an eschatological pre-existence, characteristic of wisdom and apocalyptic.”[3] G. B. Caird agreed that Paul's focus in Col. 1.15-20 was not pre-existence (contra Lightfoot), rather, “The main thread of Paul's thought, then, is the manhood of Christ.”[4] In other words, “All that has been said in vv. 15-18 can be said of the historical Jesus.”[5] James Dunn also denied that Paul saw Christ as God's agent in creation in Col 1.15-20, claiming that such an interpretation was “to read imaginative metaphor in a pedantically literal way.”[6] James McGrath argued that “Jesus is the one through whom God's new creation takes place.” [7] Andrew Perriman likewise noted, “There is no reference to the creation of heaven and earth, light and darkness, sea and dry land, lights in the heavens, vegetation, or living creatures,”[8] also preferring a new creation approach.[9] To understand why such a broad range of scholars diverge from the old creation interpretation of Col 1.16, we will examine several contextual, structural, and exegetical problems. While explaining these, I'll also put forward four reasons to interpret Col 1.16 as new creation. Then I'll provide a fifth before giving a new creation reading of Col 1.15-20. But before going any further, let's familiarize ourselves with the text and structure. The Form of Col 1.15-20  To get our bearings, let me begin by providing a translation,[10] carefully structured to show the two strophes.[11] Strophe 1 (Col 1.15-18a) 15a      who is (the) image of the invisible God, 15b      firstborn of all creation 16a      for in him were created all things 16b                  in the heavens and upon the earth, 16c                  the visible and the invisible, 16d                  whether thrones or dominions or rulers or authorities 16e      all things have been created through him and for him 17a      and he is before all things 17b      and all things hold together in him 18a      and he is the head of the body of the Church,[12] Strophe 2 (Col 1.18b-20) 18b      who is (the) beginning, 18c      firstborn from the dead, 18d                  in order that he may be first in all things, 19        for in him was pleased all the fulness to dwell 20a      and through him to reconcile all things in him, 20b      making peace through the blood of his cross 20c                  whether the things upon the earth 20d                  or the things in the heavens Here I've followed the two-strophe structure (1.15-18a and 18b-20) noted more than a century ago by the classical philologist Eduard Norden[13] and repeated by James Robinson,[14] Edward Lohse,[15] Edward Schweizer,[16] James Dunn,[17] Ben Witherington III,[18] and William Lane[19] among others. By lining up the parallel lines of the two strophes, we can clearly see the poetic form. Strophe 1 15a who is (the) image… 15b firstborn of all creation 16a for in him were created all things… 16e  all things have been created through him… Strophe 2 18b who is (the) beginning, 18c firstborn from the dead … 19 for in him was pleased all… 20a and through him to reconcile all things in him… Such striking repeated language between the two strophes means that we should be careful to maintain the parallels between them and not take a grammatical or exegetical position on a word or phrase that would disconnect it from the parallel line in the other strophe. Some scholars, including F. F. Bruce,[20] Michael Bird,[21] David Pao,[22] among others proposed vv. 17-18a as an independent transitional link between the two strophes. Lohse explained the motivation for this unlikely innovation as follows. Above all, it is curious that at the end of the first, cosmologically oriented strophe, Christ is suddenly referred to as the “head of the body, the church” (1:18a κεφαλή τοῦ σώματος τῆς ἐκκλησίας). Considering its content, this statement would have to be connected with the second strophe which is characterized by soteriological statements. The structure of the hymn, however, places it in the first strophe.[23] For interpreters who prefer to think of the first strophe as cosmogony and the second as soteriology, a line about Christ's headship over the church doesn't fit very well. They restructure the form based on their interpretation of the content. Such a policy reverses the order of operations. One should determine the form and then interpret the content in light of structure. Lohse was right to reject the addition of a new transitional bridge between the two strophes. He called it “out of the question” since vv. 17-18a underscore “all things” and “serve as a summary that brings the first strophe to a conclusion.”[24] Now that we've oriented ourselves to some degree, let's consider old creation readings of Col 1.16 and the problems that arise when reading it that way. Old Creation Readings  Within the old creation paradigm for Col 1.16 we can discern three groups: those who see (A) Christ as the agent by whom God created, (B) Wisdom as the agent, and (C) Christ as the purpose of creation. Although space won't allow me to interact with each of these in detail, I will offer a brief critique of these three approaches. As a reminder, here is our text in both Greek and English. Colossians 1.16 16a      ὅτι ἐν αὐτῷ ἐκτίσθη τὰ πάντα 16b                  ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, 16c                  τὰ ὁρατὰ καὶ τὰ ἀόρατα, 16d                  εἴτε θρόνοι εἴτε κυριότητες εἴτε ἀρχαὶ εἴτε ἐξουσίαι· 16e      τὰ πάντα δι' αὐτοῦ καὶ εἰς αὐτὸν ἔκτισται· 16a      for in him were created all things 16b                  in the heavens and upon the earth, 16c                  the visible and the invisible, 16d                  whether thrones or dominions or rulers or authorities 16e      all things have been created through him and for him 1. Christ as the Agent of Creation Scot McKnight is representative in his claim that “The emphasis of the first stanza is Christ as the agent of creation … and the second is Christ as the agent of redemption.”[25] This view sees the phrase “in him were created all things” as Christ creating the universe in the beginning. However, this position has six problems with it. Firstly, the context of the poem—both before (vv. 13-14) and after (vv. 21-22)—is clearly soteriological not cosmogonical.[26] By inserting vv. 15-20 into the text after vv. 13-14, Paul connected the two together.[27] V. 15 begins with ὅς ἐστιν (who is), which makes it grammatically dependent on vv. 13-14. “It is widely accepted,” wrote Dunn, “that this passage is a pre-Pauline hymn interpolated and interpreted to greater or less extent by Paul.”[28] By placing the poem into a redemptive frame, Paul indicated how he interpreted it. The fact that God “rescued us from the authority of darkness and transferred (us) into the kingdom of his beloved son” is the controlling context (v. 13).[29] As I will show below, I believe vv. 15-20 are ecclesiology not protology, since ecclesiology naturally flows from soteriology. Rather than remaining in the old domain of darkness, vulnerable to malevolent spiritual powers of this age, Colossian Christians are transferred into the new domain of Christ. The context makes it more natural to interpret the creation language of vv. 15-16 in light of Christ's redemptive work—as references to new creation rather than old creation. Doing so retains the contextual frame rather than jumping back to the beginning of time. A second problem arises when we consider the phrase “image of the invisible God” in v. 15. Although some see a Stoic or Wisdom reference here, I agree with F. F. Bruce who said, “No reader conversant with the OT scriptures, on reading these words of Paul, could fail to be reminded of the statement in Gen. 1:26f., that man was created by God ‘in his own image.'”[30] Immediately after making humanity in his own image, God blessed us with dominion over the earth. Philo also connected humanity's image of God with “the rulership over the earthly realms.”[31] But if the Christ of v. 15 is the pre-existent son prior to his incarnation, as the old creation model posits, “How can he be the ‘image of God,'” asked Eduard Schweizer, since “the one who is thus described here is not the earthly Jesus?”[32] It is precisely by virtue of his humanity that Jesus is the image of God not his pre-existence.[33] Thus, image-of-God language points us to the creation of a new humanity. A third problem is that “firstborn of all creation” prima facia implies that Christ is a member of creation (a partitive genitive). This is how Paul thought about Christ as firstborn in Rom 8.29 when he called Christ “firstborn among many brothers and sisters.” Clearly he saw Christ as a member of the “ἀδελφοῖς” (brothers and sisters). Furthermore, “πρωτότοκος πάσης κτίσεως” (firstborn of all creation) in v. 15 parallels “πρωτότοκος ἐκ τῶν νεκρῶν” (firstborn from the dead) v. 18. Although the former (v. 15) can be taken as a genitive of subordination (firstborn over creation) or as a partitive genitive (firstborn of creation), the latter (v. 18) is unambiguously partitive. Because v. 18 includes the word ἐκ (from/out of), instead of a multivalent genitive, it must mean that Jesus was himself a member of the dead prior to his resurrection. Likewise, he was the firstborn member of creation. To take v. 15 as a genitive of subordination and v. 18 in a partitive sense allows theology to drive exegesis over against the clear structural link between v. 15b and v. 18c. In fact, as the BDAG noted, Christ is “the firstborn of a new humanity.”[34] He is chronologically born first and, by virtue of that, also preeminent.[35] Fourthly, the phrase, “ἐν αὐτῷ” (in him), implies soteriology not protology as it does throughout the Pauline corpus. The prepositional phrases “in Christ,” “in the Lord,” “in him,” and others that are similar occur more than a hundred times in Paul's epistles. McKnight elucidated the sense nicely: “This expression, then, is the inaugurated eschatological reality into which the Christian has been placed, and it also evokes the new-creation realities that a person discovers.”[36] Creation in Christ is not likely to refer to Genesis creation. In fact, apart from Col 1.16, there is no text within Paul or the rest of the Bible that speaks of the origin of the universe as something created “in Christ.”[37] Sadly translators routinely obscure this fact by translating “ἐν αὐτῷ” as “by him.”[38] Amazingly, the NASB and ESV render “ἐν αὐτῷ” as “in him” in every other usage apart from Col 1.16![39] For the sake of consistency, it makes better sense to render “ἐν αὐτῷ” as “in him” and let the reader decide how to interpret it. Fifthly, the line, “and he is the head of the body, the Church” (v. 18a) clearly roots the first strophe in redemptive history not creation. Our English translations follow Robert Estienne's verse divisions, which confusingly combine the last line of the first strophe (v. 18a) and the first line of the second (v. 18b), obscuring the native poetic structure. As I made the case above, the structure of the text breaks into two strophes with v. 18a included in the first one. As I mentioned earlier, vv. 15-20 are a pre-existing poem that Paul has modified and incorporated into the text of Colossians. Ralph Martin pointed out that the poem contains “no less than five hapax legomena” and “about ten non-Pauline expressions.”[40] Additionally, there appear to be awkward additions that disrupt the symmetry. These additions are the most explicitly Christian material. It is likely that the original said, “and he is the head of the body” to which Paul appended “the church.” Edward Schillebeeckx commented on this. In Hellenistic terms this must primarily mean that he gives life and existence to the cosmos. Here, however, Colossians drastically corrects the ideas … The correction made by Colossians is to understand ‘body' as a reference to the church, and not the cosmos. This alters the whole perspective of the cultural and religious setting … The cosmic background is reinterpreted in terms of salvation history and ecclesiology. In fact Christ is already exercising his lordship over the world now … however, he is doing this only as the head of the church, his body, to which he gives life and strength. Thus Colossians claims that the church alone, rather than the cosmos, is the body of Christ.[41] If this is true, it shows Paul's careful concern to disallow a strictly old creation or protological reading of the first strophe. For by inserting “of the church,” he has limited the context of the first strophe to the Christ event. “The addition of ‘the church,'” wrote Dunn, “indicates that for Paul at any rate the two strophes were not dealing with two clearly distinct subjects (cosmology and soteriology).”[42] Karl-Joseph Kuschel wrote, “The answer would seem to be he wanted to ‘disturb' a possible cosmological-protological fancy in the confession of Christ … to prevent Christ from becoming a purely mythical heavenly being.”[43] Thus Paul's addition shows us he interpreted the creation of v16 as new creation. Lastly, theological concerns arise when taking Col 1.16 as old creation. The most obvious is that given the partitive genitive of v. 15, we are left affirming the so-called Arian position that God created Christ as the firstborn who, in turn, created everything else. Another thorn in the side of this view is God's insistence elsewhere to be the solo creator (Isa 44.24; cf. 45.18). On the strength of this fact, modalism comes forward to save the day while leaving new problems in its wake. However, recognizing Col 1.15-20 as new creation avoids such theological conundrums. 2. Wisdom as the Agent of Creation Dustin Smith noted, “The christological hymn contains no less than nine characteristics of the wisdom of God (e.g., “image,” “firstborn,” agent of creation, preceding all things, holding all things together) that are reapplied to the figure of Jesus.”[44] Some suggest that Col 1.15-20 is actually a hymn to Wisdom that Paul Christianized.[45] The idea is that God created the universe through his divine Wisdom, which is now embodied or incarnate in Christ. Dunn explained it as follows. If then Christ is what God's power/wisdom came to be recognized as, of Christ it can be said what was said first of wisdom—that ‘in him (the divine wisdom now embodied in Christ) were created all things.' In other words the language may be used here to indicate the continuity between God's creative power and Christ without the implication being intended that Christ himself was active in creation.[46] Before pointing out some problems, I must admit much of this perspective is quite noncontroversial. That Jewish literature identified Wisdom as God's creative agent, that there are linguistic parallels between Col 1.15-20 and Wisdom, and that the historical Jesus uniquely embodied Wisdom to an unprecedented degree are not up for debate. Did Paul expect his readers to pick up on the linguistic parallels? Afterall, he could have just said “in her were created all things” in v. 16, clearly making the connection with the grammatically feminine σοφία (Wisdom). Better yet, he could have said, “in Wisdom were created all things.” Even if the poem was originally to Wisdom, Paul has thoroughly Christianized it, applying to Christ what had been said of Wisdom. However, the most significant defeater for this view is that applying Wisdom vocabulary to Christ only works one way. Wisdom has found her home in Christ. This doesn't mean we can attribute to Christ what Wisdom did before she indwelt him any more than we can attribute to the living descendants of Nazis the horrific deeds of their ancestors. Perriman's critique is correct: “The point is not that the act of creation was Christlike, rather the reverse: recent events have been creation-like. The death and resurrection of Jesus are represented as the profoundly creative event in which the wisdom of God is again dynamically engaged, by which a new world order has come about.”[47] Once again a new creation approach makes better sense of the text. 3. Christ as the Purpose of Creation Another approach is to take ἐν αὐτῷ (in him) in a telic sense. Martha King, a linguist with SIL, said the phrase can mean “in association with Christ everything was created” or “in connection with Christ all things were created.”[48] Lexicographer, Joseph Thayer, sharpened the sense with the translation, “[I]n him resides the cause why all things were originally created.”[49] William MacDonald's translation brought this out even more with the phrase, “because for him everything … was created.”[50] The idea is that God's act of creation in the beginning was with Christ in view. As Eric Chang noted, “Christ is the reason God created all things.”[51] G. B. Caird said, “He is the embodiment of that purpose of God which underlies the whole creation.”[52] The idea is one of predestination not agency.[53] Christ was the goal for which God created all things. A weakness of this view is that purpose is better expressed using εἰς or δία with an accusative than ἐν. Secondly, the parallel line in the second strophe (v. 19) employs “ἐν αὐτῷ” in a clearly locative sense: “in him all the fullness was pleased to dwell.” So even though “ἐν αὐτῷ” could imply purpose, in this context it much more likely refers to location. Lastly, Paul mentioned the sense of purpose at the end of v. 16 with “εἰς αὐτὸν ἔκτισται” (for him has been created), so it would be repetitive to take “ἐν αὐτῷ” that way as well. To sum up, the three positions that see Col 1.16 as a reference to old creation all have significant problems. With these in mind, let us turn our attention to consider a fourth possibility: that Paul has in mind new creation. Reasons for a New Creation Reading I've already provided four reasons why Col 1.15-20 refers to new creation: (1) calling Christ the image of God points to the new humanity begun in Christ as the last Adam;[54] (2) since the firstborn of the old creation was Adam (or, perhaps, Seth), Jesus must be the firstborn of the new creation; (3) saying Jesus is the head of the church, limits the focus for the first strophe to the time following the Christ event; (4) the context of the poem, both before (vv. 13-14) and after (vv. 21-22) is soteriological, making an old creation paradigm awkward, while a new creation view fits perfectly. The Catholic priest and professor, Franz Zeilinger, summarized the situation nicely: “Christ is (through his resurrection from the realm of death) Lord over the possession granted to him, of which he is the ἀρχή (beginning) and archetype, … and head and beginning of the eschatological new creation!”[55] Additionally, a new creation paradigm fits best with Paul's elaboration of what visible and invisible things in heaven and on earth he has in mind. Once again, here's our text. 16a      for in him were created all things 16b                  in the heavens and upon the earth, 16c                  the visible and the invisible, 16d                  whether thrones or dominions or rulers or authorities 16e      all things have been created through him and for him By specifying thrones, dominions, rulers, and authorities, we discern Paul's train of thought. Form critics are quick to point out that v. 16d is Paul's addition to the poem. Without it, the reader may have thought of sky, land, and animals—old creation. However, with v. 16d present, we direct our attention to political realities not God's creative power or engineering genius. Martha King noted the two possible meanings for εἴτε: (1) specifying the “invisible things” or (2) giving examples of “all things.” Taking the second view, we read “in him were created all things, including thrones, dominions, rulers, and authorities.”[56] Randy Leedy also presented this position in his sentence diagrams, identifying v. 16d as equivalent to v. 16c and v. 16b, all of which modify τὰ πάντα (all things) at the end of v. 16a. (See Appendix for Leedy's diagram.) Perriman pressed home the point when he wrote: The fact is that any interpretation that takes verse 16 to be a reference to the original creation has to account for the narrow range of created things explicitly listed. … The Colossians verse mentions only the creation of political entities—thrones, lordships, rulers and authorities, visible and invisible—either in the already existing heaven or on the already existing and, presumably, populated earth. What this speaks of is a new governmental order consisting of both invisible-heavenly and visibly-earthly entities.”[57] Understanding v. 16d as equivalent to “all things” in v. 16a nicely coheres with a new-creation paradigm. However, taken the other way—as an elaboration of only the invisible created realities—v. 16d introduces an asymmetrical and clumsy appendix. A New Creation Reading of Col 1.16 Now that we've considered some problems with old creation views and some reasons to read Col 1.16 from a new creation perspective, let's consider how a new creation reading works. New creation is all about the new breaking into the old, the future into the present. G. F. Wessels said, “Paul made clear that there is a present realized aspect of salvation, as well as a future, still outstanding aspect, which will only be realized at the eschaton.”[58] New creation, likewise, has future and present realities. Exiting Old Creation Before becoming part of the new creation, one must exit the old creation. “Our old humanity was co-crucified“ (Rom 6.6). “With Christ you died to the elemental principles of the world” (Col 2.20). “As many as were baptized into Christ Jesus, were baptized into his death” (Rom 6.3). We were “co-buried with him through baptism into the death … having been united with the likeness of his death” (Rom 6.4-5). Our death with him through baptism kills our allegiance and submission to the old powers and the old way of life “in which you formerly walked according to the zeitgeist of this world, according to the rule of the authority of the air, the spirit which now works in the children of disobedience” (Eph 2.2). Entering New Creation As death is the only way out of the old creation, so resurrection is the only way into the new creation. “You have been co-raised with Christ” (Col 3.1). God “co-made-alive us together with him” (Col 2.13).[59] By virtue of our union with Christ, we ourselves are already “co-raised and co-seated us in the heavenlies in Christ Jesus” (Eph 2.6). The result of this is that “we also may walk in newness of life” (Rom 6.4). For those who are “in Christ, (there is) a new creation; the old has passed away, behold (the) new has come into existence” (2 Cor 5.17). “They have been ‘transported,'” wrote Schillebeeckx, “they already dwell above in Christ's heavenly sphere of influence (Col 1.13)—the soma Christou … that is the church!”[60] Community For the people of God, “neither circumcision is anything nor uncircumcision but a new creation” is what matters (Gal 6.15). Those who “are clothed with the new” are “being renewed in knowledge according to the image of him who created, where there is no Greek and Jew, circumcision and uncircumcision, barbarian, Scythian, slave, (or) free, but Christ (is) all and in all” (Col 3.10-11). Through Christ God has nullified the law “in order that he might create the two into one new humanity in him” (Eph 2.14-15). Thus, within new creation, ethnic identity still exists, but it is relativized, our identity in Christ taking priority ahead of other affiliations and duties. Lifestyle When the lost become saved through faith, they become his creation (ποίημα), “created in Christ Jesus for good works” (Eph 2.10). This means we are to “lay aside the former way of life, the old humanity corrupted according to deceitful desires” and instead be clothed with “the new humanity created according to God in righteousness and holiness of the truth” (Eph 4.22-24). Rather than lying to one another, we must “strip off the old humanity with its way of acting” and “be clothed with the new (humanity), renewed in knowledge according to the image of the one who created it” (Col 3.9-10). “The ones who are Christ's have crucified the flesh with the passions and the lusts” and instead “walk by the spirit” (Gal 5.24-25). Ultimately, All Creation Although new creation is currently limited to those who voluntarily recognize Jesus as Lord, all “creation is waiting with eager expectation for the unveiling of the children of God” (Rom 8.19). Because of the Christ event, the created order eagerly awaits the day when it will escape “the enslavement of corruption” and gain “the freedom of the glory of the children of God” (v. 21). Like a bone out of joint, creation does not function properly. Once Christ sets it right, it will return to its proper order and operation under humanity's wise and capable rulership in the eschaton. Eschatology God predetermined that those who believe will be “conformed to the image of his son, that he be firstborn among many brothers and sisters” (Rom 8.29). Thus, the resurrected Christ is the prototype, “the first fruits of those who have fallen asleep” (1 Cor 15.20). Whereas “in Adam all die, so also in Christ all will be made alive” (v. 22). We await Christ's return to “transform the body of our humble station (that it be) shaped to his glorious body according to the energy which makes him able to also to subject all things to himself.” (Phil 3.21). This is the end goal of new creation: resurrected subjects of God's kingdom joyfully living in a renewed world without mourning, crying, and pain forevermore (Isa 65.17-25; Rev 21-22). The Powers Taking Col 1.16 as a new creation text adds key information about the present governing powers to this richly textured picture. In Christ God created thrones, dominions, rulers, and authorities. He made these through Christ and for Christ with the result that Christ himself is before all things, and in Christ all things hold together (Col 1.17). He is the head of the body, the Church (Col 1.18). We find very similar language repeated in Ephesians in the context of Christ's exaltation.[61] Ephesians 1.20-23 20 Which [power] he energized in Christ having raised him from the dead and seated (him) on his right (hand) in the heavenlies 21 far above all rule and authority and power and dominion and every name named, not only in this age but also in the one to come; 22 and he subjected all things under his feet and gave him (as) head over all things in the Church, 23 which is his body, the fullness of the one who fills all things in all. The parallels are striking. Both speak of Christ's resurrection, Christ's exalted position of authority over all the powers, Christ's role as head of the church, and both mention the fullness. It's easy to miss the connection between these two passages since most think of Eph 1.20-22 as ascension theology and Col 1.15-20 as creation theology. But, if we adjust our thinking to regard Col 1.16 as new creation, we see how the two fit together. In Ephesians we see Christ's ascension to God's right hand as the reason for a cosmic reordering of authorities with the result that all rule, authority, power, and dominion are subjected to him. (Though we may be accustomed to reading these powers in Eph 1.21 as only malevolent owing to Eph 2.2 and 6.12, the list here must be mixed, since only benevolent powers will survive the final judgement and continue into the age to come.) Instead of exaltation, in Colossians Paul employed the language of creation to describe Christ's relation to the powers. Perhaps lesser terms like reassign, reorder, or establish were just too small to adequately express the magnitude of how the Christ event has changed the world—both in heaven and on earth. The only term big enough to convey the new situation was “creation”—the very same word he routinely used elsewhere with the meaning of new creation.[62] We can gain more insight by considering what the powers of Eph 1.21 and Col 1.16 mean. McKnight saw them “as earthly, systemic manifestations of (perhaps fallen) angelic powers—hence, the systemic worldly, sociopolitical manifestations of cosmic/angelic rebellion against God.”[63] I partially agree with McKnight here. He's right to see the powers as both heavenly and earthly, or better, as the heavenly component of the earthly sociopolitical realities, but he has not made room for the new authority structures created in Christ. John Schoenheit helpfully explained it this way: Not only did Jesus create his Church out of Jew and Gentile, he had to create the structure and positions that would allow it to function, both in the spiritual world (positions for the angels that would minister to the Church—see Rev. 1:1, “his angel”) and in the physical world (positions and ministries here on earth—see Rom. 12:4-8; Eph. 4:7-11).[64] We must never forget that Paul has an apocalyptic worldview—a perspective that seeks to unveil the heavenly reality behind the earthly. He believed in powers of darkness and powers of light. In Christ were created thrones, dominions, rulers, and authorities (Col 1.16). He is “the head of all rule and authority” (Col 2.10). These new creation realities make progress against the old powers that still hold sway in the world outside the Church. Although the old powers are still at work, those who are in Christ enjoy his protection. With respect to the Church, he has already “disarmed the rulers and authorities” (Col 2.15). We can don “the armor of God that we be able to stand against the methods of the devil” (Eph 6.11) and “subduing everything, to stand” (v. 13). We find glimpses of this heavenly reality scattered in other places in the Bible. Peter mentioned how Christ “is on the right hand of God, having gone into heaven, angels and authorities and power having been subjected to him” (1 Pet 3.22). In John's Revelation, he addressed each of the seven letters to the angels of their respective churches.[65] Although it's hard for us to get details on precisely what happened at Christ's ascension, something major occurred, not just on earth, but also in the spiritual realm. Jesus's last recorded words in Matthew are: “all authority in heaven and upon earth was given to me” (Mat 28.18-20). Presumably such a statement implies that prior to his resurrection Jesus did not have all authority in heaven and earth. It didn't exist until it was created. Similarly, because of his death, resurrection, and ascension, Christ has “become so much better than the angels as the name he has inherited is superior to them” (Heb 1.4). Once again, the text implies that Christ was not already superior to the angels, but “after making purification of the sins, he sat on the right hand of the majesty on high” at which time he became preeminent (Heb 1.3). Perhaps this also explains something about why Christ “proclaimed to the spirits in prison” (1 Pet 3.19). Another possibility is that Christ's ascension (Rev 12.5) triggered a war in heaven (v. 7) with the result that the dragon and his angels suffered defeat (v. 8) and were thrown out of heaven down to the earth (v. 9). Sadly, for most of the history of the church we have missed this Jewish apocalyptic approach that was obvious to Paul, limiting salvation to individual sins and improved morality.[66] Only in the twentieth century did interpreters begin to see the cosmic aspect of new creation. Margaret Thrall wrote the following. The Christ-event is the turning-point of the whole world … This Christ ‘in whom' the believer lives is the last Adam, the inaugurator of the new eschatological humanity. … Paul is saying that if anyone exists ‘in Christ', that person is a newly-created being. … In principle, through the Christ-event and in the person of Christ, the new world and the new age are already objective realities.[67] New creation is, in the words of J. Louis Martyn “categorically cosmic and emphatically apocalyptic.”[68] In fact, “The advent of the Son and of his Spirit is thus the cosmic apocalyptic event.”[69] In Christ is the beginning of a whole new creation, an intersecting community of angelic and human beings spanning heaven and earth. The interlocking of earthly (visible) and heavenly (invisible) authority structures points to Paul's apocalyptic holism. The Church was not on her own to face the ravages of Rome's mad love affair with violence and power. In Christ, people were no longer susceptible to the whims of the gods that have wreaked so much havoc from time immemorial.[70] No, the Church is Christ's body under his direct supervision and protection. As a result, the Church is the eschatological cosmic community. It is not merely a social club; it has prophetic and cosmic dimensions. Prophetically, the Church points to the eschaton when all of humanity will behave then how the Church already strives to live now—by the spirit instead of the flesh (Gal 5.16-25). Cosmically, the Church is not confined to the earth. There is a heavenly dimension with authority structures instantiated under Christ to partner with the earthly assemblies. God's “plan for the fulness of the times” is “to head up all thing in the Christ, the things upon the heavens and the things upon the earth in him” (Eph 1.10). Although this is his eschatological vision, Zeilinger pointed out that it is already happening. [T]he eschatological world given in Christ is realized within the still-existing earthly creation through the inclusion of the human being in Christ, the exalted one, by means of the proclamation of salvation and baptism. The eschaton spreads throughout the world in the kerygma and becomes reality, in that the human being, through baptism, becomes part of Christ—that is, in unity with him, dies to the claim of the στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου (2.20) and is raised with him to receive his eschatological life. The people thus incorporated into the exalted Christ thereby form, in him and with him, the new creation of the eschaton within the old! The body of Christ is thus recognizable as the expanding Church. In it, heavenly and earthly space form, in a certain sense, a unity.[71] The Church is a counter society, and embassy of the future kingdom shining the light of the age to come into the present in the power of the spirit with the protection of Christ and his heavenly powers over against the powers of darkness, who/which are still quite active—especially in the political realities of our present evil age (Gal 1.4). We bend the knee to the cosmic Christ now in anticipation of the day when “every knee may bend: heavenly and earthly and subterranean” (Phil 2.10) and “every tongue may confess that Jesus Christ (is) Lord” (v. 11). Christ's destiny is to fulfil the original Adamic mandate to multiply, fill, and have dominion over the earth (Gen 1.28). He has already received all authority in heaven and earth (Mat 28.18). God has given him “dominion over the works of your hands and put all things under his feet” as the quintessential man (Ps 8.6). Even so, “Now we do not yet see all things subjected to him” (Heb 2.8), but when he comes “he will reign into the ages of the ages” (Rev 11.15). Until then, he calls the Church to recognize his preeminence and give him total allegiance both in word and deed. Conclusion We began by establishing that the structure of the poetic unit in Col 1.15-20 breaks into two strophes (15-18a and 18b-20). We noted that Paul likely incorporated pre-existing material into Colossians, editing it as he saw fit. Then we considered the problems with the three old creation readings: (A) Christ as the agent of creation, (B) Wisdom as the agent of creation, and (C) Christ as the purpose of creation. In the course of critiquing (A), which is by far most popular, we observed several reasons to think Col 1.16 pertained to new creation, including (1) the image of God language in v. 15a, (2) the firstborn of all creation language in v. 15b, (3) the head of the Church language in v. 18a, and (4) the soteriological context (frame) of the poem (vv. 13-14, 21-22). To this I added a fifth syntactical reason that 16d as an elaboration of “τἀ πάντα” (all things) of 16a. Next, we explored the idea of new creation, especially within Paul's epistles, to find a deep and richly textured paradigm for interpreting God's redemptive and expanding sphere of influence (in Christ) breaking into the hostile world. We saw that new Christians die and rise with Christ, ending their association with the old and beginning again as a part of the new—a community where old racial, legal, and status divisions no longer matter, where members put off the old way of living and instead become clothed with the new humanity, where people look forward to and live in light of the ultimate transformation to be brought about at the coming of Christ. Rather than limiting new creation to the salvation of individuals, or even the sanctifying experience of the community, we saw that it also includes spiritual powers both “in the heavens and upon the earth, the visible and the invisible, whether thrones or dominions or rulers or authorities” (Col 1.16). Reading Col 1.15-20 along with Eph 1.20-23 we connected God's creation of the powers in Christ with his exaltation of Christ to his right hand “far above all rule and authority and power and dominion and every name named, not only in this age but also in the one to come” (Eph 1.21). The point from both texts is clear: as “the head of the body, the Church” (Col 1.18; Eph 1.22), Christ is “before all things” (Col 1.17), “first in all things” (Col 1.18), and “far above all” (Eph 1.21), since God has “subjected all things under his feet” (Eph 1.22). Christ is preeminent as the firstborn of all new creation, “the new Adam … the starting point where new creation took place.”[72] Although the old powers still hold sway in the world, those in the interlocked heaven-and-earth new creation domain where Christ is the head, enjoy his protection if they remain “in the faith established and steadfast and not shifting away from the hope of the gospel” (Col 1.23). This interpretation has several significant advantages. It fits into Paul's apocalyptic way of thinking about Christ's advent and exaltation. It also holds together the first strophe of the poem as a unit. Additionally, it makes better sense of the context. (The ecclesiology of Col 1.15-18a follows logically from the soteriological context of vv. 13-14.) Lastly, it is compatible with a wide range of Christological options. Appendix Here is Col 1.16 from Leedy's sentence diagrams.[73] Of note is how he equates the τὰ πάντα of 16a with 16c and 16d rather than seeing 16d as an elaboration of τά ὁρατά. Bibliography Bauer, Walter, Frederick William  Danker, William F. Arndt, F. Gingrich, Kurt Aland, Barbara Aland, and Viktor Reichmann. A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature. 3rd ed. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2000. Bird, Michael F. Colossians and Philemon. A New Covenant Commentary. Cambridge, England: The Lutterworth Press, 2009. Brown, Anna Shoffner. “Nothing ‘Mere’ About a Man in the Image of God.” Paper presented at the Unitarian Christian Alliance, Springfield, OH, Oct 14, 2022. Bruce, E. K. Simpson and F. F. The Epistles to the Ephesians and the Colossians. The New International Commentary on the New Testament, edited by Ned B. Stonehouse. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1957. Buzzard, Anthony F. Jesus Was Not a Trinitarian. Morrow, GA: Restoration Fellowship, 2007. Caird, G. B. New Testament Theology. Edited by L. D. Hurst. Oxford, England: Clarendon Press, 2002. Caird, G. B. Paul’s Letters from Prison. New Clarendon Bible, edited by H. F. D. Sparks. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1976. Carden, Robert. One God: The Unfinished Reformation. Revised ed. Naperville, IL: Grace Christian Press, 2016. Chang, Eric H. H. The Only Perfect Man. Edited by Bentley C. F. Chang. 2nd ed. Montreal, QC: Christian Disciples Church Publishers, 2017. Deuble, Jeff. Christ before Creeds. Latham, NY: Living Hope International Ministries, 2021. Dunn, James D. G. Christology in the Making. 2nd ed. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1996. Dunn, James D. G. The Epistles to the Colossians and to Philemon. New International Greek Testament Commentary, edited by Gasque Marshall, Hagner. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1996. Heiser, Michael S. The Unseen Realm: Recovering the Supernatural Worldview of the Bible. Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press, 2019. King, Martha. An Exegetical Summary of Colossians. Dallas, TX: SIL International, 1992. Kuschel, Karl-Joseph. Born before All Time? Translated by John Bowden. New York, NY: Crossroad, 1992. Originally published as Beforen vor aller Zeit? Lane, William L. The New Testament Page by Page. Open Your Bible Commentary, edited by Martin Manser. Bath, UK: Creative 4 International, 2013. Leedy, Randy A. The Greek New Testament Sentence Diagrams. Norfolk, VA: Bible Works, 2006. Lohse, Edward. Colossians and Philemon. Hermeneia. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 1971. MacDonald, William Graham. The Idiomatic Translation of the New Testament. Norfolk, VA: Bibleworks, 2012. Mark H. Graeser, John A. Lynn, John W. Schoenheit. One God & One Lord. 4th ed. Martinsville, IN: Spirit & Truth Fellowship International, 2010. Martin, Ralph. “An Early Christian Hymn (Col. 1:15-20).” The Evangelical Quarterly 36, no. 4 (1964): 195–205. Martyn, J. Louis. Theological Issues in the Letters of Paul. Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press, 1997. McGrath, James F. The Only True God: Early Christian Monotheism in Its Jewish Context. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 2009. McKnight, Scot. The Letter to the Colossians. New International Commentary on the New Testament, edited by Joel B. Green. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2018. Norden, Eduard. Agnostos Theos: Untersuchungen Zur Formengeschichte Religiöser Rede. 4th ed. Stuttgart, Germany: B. G. Teubner, 1956. Originally published as 1913. Pao, David. Colossians and Philemon. Zondervan Exegetical Commentary of the New Testament, edited by Clinton E. Arnold. Grand Rapid, MI: Zondervan, 2012. Perriman, Andrew. In the Form of a God. Studies in Early Christology, edited by David Capes Michael Bird, and Scott Harrower. Eugene, OR: Cascade Books, 2022. Philo. The Works of Philo. The Norwegian Philo Concordance Project. Edited by Kåre Fuglseth Peder Borgen, Roald Skarsten. Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press, 2005. Robinson, James M. “A Formal Analysis of Colossians 1:15-20.” Journal of Biblical Literature 76, no. 4 (1957): 270–87. Schillebeeckx, Eduard. Christ: The Experience of Jesus as Lord. Translated by John Bowden. New York, NY: The Seabury Press, 1977. Schoberg, Gerry. Perspectives of Jesus in the Writings of Paul. Eugene, OR: Pickwick Publications, 2013. Schweizer, Eduard. The Letter to the Colossians. Translated by Andrew Chester. Minneapolis, MN: Augsburg Publishing House, 1982. Smith, Dustin R. Wisdom Christology in the Gospel of John. Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock, 2024. Snedeker, Donald R. Our Heavenly Father Has No Equals. Bethesda, MD: International Scholars Publications, 1998. Thayer, Joseph Henry. A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1996. Thrall, Margaret. The Second Epistle to the Corinthians. Vol. 1. The International Critical Commentary, edited by C. E. B. Cranfield J. A. Emerton, G. N. Stanton. Edinburgh, Scotland: T&T Clark, 1994. Wachtel, William M. “Colossians 1:15-20–Preexistence or Preeminence?” Paper presented at the 14th Theological Conference, McDonough, GA, 2005. Wessels, G. F. “The Eschatology of Colossians and Ephesians.” Neotestamentica 21, no. 2 (1987): 183–202. Witherington III, Ben The Letters to Philemon, the Colossians, and the Ephesians: A Socio-Rhetorical Commentary of the Captivity Epistles. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2007. Yates, Roy. The Epistle to the Colossians. London: Epworth Press, 1993. Zeilinger, Franz. Der Erstgeborene Der Schöpfung. Wien, Österreich: Herder, 1974. Footnotes [1] Since the nineteenth century biblical scholars have been divided over whether Paul wrote Colossians. One of the major reasons for thinking Paul didn't write Colossians is his exalted Christology—the very conclusion this paper seeks to undermine. A second major factor to argue against Pauline authorship is the difference in vocabulary, but this is explainable if Paul used a different amanuensis. The theologically more cosmic emphasis (also evident in Ephesians) is likely due to Paul's time in prison to reflect and expand his understanding of the Christ event. Lastly, the proto-Gnostic hints in Colossians do not require dating the epistle outside of Paul's time. Although Gnosticism flourished at the beginning of the second century, it was likely already beginning to incubate in Paul's time. [2] Eduard Schillebeeckx, Christ: The Experience of Jesus as Lord, trans. John Bowden (New York, NY: The Seabury Press, 1977), 185. [3] Schillebeeckx, 185. [4] G. B. Caird, Paul’s Letters from Prison, New Clarendon Bible, ed. H. F. D. Sparks (Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1976), 177. [5] Caird, 181. [6] James D. G. Dunn, The Epistles to the Colossians and to Philemon, New International Greek Testament Commentary, ed. Gasque Marshall, Hagner (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1996), 91. “[W]hat at first reads as a straightforward assertion of Christ's pre-existenct activity in creation becomes on closer analysis an assertion which is rather more profound—not of Christ as such present with God in the beginning, nor of Christ as identified with a pre-existent hypostasis or divine being (Wisdom) beside God, but of Christ as embodying and expressing (and defining) that power of God which is the manifestation of God in and to his creation.” (Italics in original.) James D. G. Dunn, Christology in the Making, 2nd ed. (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1996), 194. [7] James F. McGrath, The Only True God: Early Christian Monotheism in Its Jewish Context (Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 2009), 46. [8] Andrew Perriman, In the Form of a God, Studies in Early Christology, ed. David Capes Michael Bird, and Scott Harrower (Eugene, OR: Cascade Books, 2022), 200. [9] In addition, biblical unitarians routinely interpret Col 1.16 as new creation. See Anthony F. Buzzard, Jesus Was Not a Trinitarian (Morrow, GA: Restoration Fellowship, 2007), 189–90, Robert Carden, One God: The Unfinished Reformation, Revised ed. (Naperville, IL: Grace Christian Press, 2016), 197–200, Eric H. H. Chang, The Only Perfect Man, ed. Bentley C. F. Chang, 2nd ed. (Montreal, QC: Christian Disciples Church Publishers, 2017), 151–52, Jeff Deuble, Christ before Creeds (Latham, NY: Living Hope International Ministries, 2021), 163–66, John A. Lynn Mark H. Graeser, John W. Schoenheit, One God & One Lord, 4th ed. (Martinsville, IN: Spirit & Truth Fellowship International, 2010), 493–94, Donald R. Snedeker, Our Heavenly Father Has No Equals (Bethesda, MD: International Scholars Publications, 1998), 291–92, William M. Wachtel, “Colossians 1:15-20–Preexistence or Preeminence?” (paper presented at the 14th Theological Conference, McDonough, GA, 2005), 4. [10] All translations are my own. [11] Stophes are structural divisions drawn from Greek odes akin to stanzas in poetry or verses in music. [12] Throughout I will capitalize Church since that reflects the idea of all Christians collectively not just those in a particular local assembly. [13] Eduard Norden, Agnostos Theos: Untersuchungen Zur Formengeschichte Religiöser Rede, 4th ed. (Stuttgart, Germany: B. G. Teubner, 1956), 250–54. [14] James M. Robinson, “A Formal Analysis of Colossians 1:15-20,” Journal of Biblical Literature 76, no. 4 (1957): 272–73. [15] Edward Lohse, Colossians and Philemon, Hermeneia (Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 1971), 44. [16] Eduard Schweizer, The Letter to the Colossians, trans. Andrew Chester (Minneapolis, MN: Augsburg Publishing House, 1982), 57. [17] Dunn, The Epistles to the Colossians and to Philemon, 84. [18] Ben  Witherington III, The Letters to Philemon, the Colossians, and the Ephesians: A Socio-Rhetorical Commentary of the Captivity Epistles (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2007), 129. [19] William L. Lane, The New Testament Page by Page, Open Your Bible Commentary, ed. Martin Manser (Bath, UK: Creative 4 International, 2013), 765. [20] E. K. Simpson and F. F. Bruce, The Epistles to the Ephesians and the Colossians, The New International Commentary on the New Testament, ed. Ned B. Stonehouse (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1957), 65. [21] Michael F. Bird, Colossians and Philemon, A New Covenant Commentary (Cambridge, England: The Lutterworth Press, 2009), 50. [22] David Pao, Colossians and Philemon, Zondervan Exegetical Commentary of the New Testament, ed. Clinton E. Arnold (Grand Rapid, MI: Zondervan, 2012), 87. [23] Lohse, 42. [24] Lohse, 43–44. [25] Scot McKnight, The Letter to the Colossians, New International Commentary on the New Testament, ed. Joel B. Green (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2018), 144. [26] Col 1.13-14: “who rescued us from the authority of darkness and transferred (us) into the kingdom of his beloved son in whom we have the redemption, the forgiveness of the sins.” Col 1.21-22: “And you being formerly alienated and hostile in thought in the evil deeds, but now he reconciled (you) in his body of the flesh through the death to present you holy and blameless and irreproachable before him.” [27] In fact, we can easily skip from vv. 13-14 to vv. 21-22. [28] Dunn, Christology in the Making, 187–88. [29] Sadly, most translations erroneously insert a paragraph between vv. 14 and 15. This produces the visual effect that v. 15 is a new thought unit. [30] Bruce, 193. [31] Moses 2.65: “τὴν ἡγεμονίαν τῶν περιγείων” in Philo, The Works of Philo, The Norwegian Philo Concordance Project (Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press, 2005). See also Sirach 17.3. [32] Schweizer, 64. [33] For a helpful treatment of how the image of God relates to Christology, see Anna Shoffner Brown, “Nothing ‘Mere’ About a Man in the Image of God” (paper presented at the Unitarian Christian Alliance, Springfield, OH, Oct 14, 2022). [34] Walter Bauer et al., A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, 3rd ed. (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2000), s.v. “πρωτότοκος,” 2.a. [35] Franz Zeilnger wrote, “Christ is temporally the first of a series that essentially proceeds from him, and at the same time its lord and head.” Franz Zeilinger, Der Erstgeborene Der Schöpfung (Wien, Österreich: Herder, 1974), 182. Original: “als “Wurzel” ist Christus zeitlich der erste einer Reihe, die wesentlich aus ihm hervorgeht, und zugleich ihr Herr und Haupt.” [36] McKnight, 85–86. [37] The closest parallels are 1 Cor 8.6; Heb 1.2; and John 1.3, which employ the preposition δια (through). Upon close examination these three don't teach Christ created the universe either. [38] ESV, CSB, NASB, etc. Notably the NET diverges from the other evangelical translations. Roman Catholic, mainline, and unitarian translations all tend to straightforwardly render “ἐν αὐτῷ” as “in him” in Col 1.16; cf. NABRE, NRSVUE, OGFOMMT, etc. [39] Chang, 150. [40] Ralph Martin, “An Early Christian Hymn (Col. 1:15-20),” The Evangelical Quarterly 36, no. 4 (1964): 198. [41] Schillebeeckx, 186. [42] Dunn, Christology in the Making, 191. [43] Karl-Joseph Kuschel, Born before All Time?, trans. John Bowden (New York, NY: Crossroad, 1992), 336. [44] Dustin R. Smith, Wisdom Christology in the Gospel of John (Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock, 2024), 5–6. For more on wisdom Christology in Col 1.16 see Dunn, The Epistles to the Colossians and to Philemon, 89, Roy Yates, The Epistle to the Colossians (London: Epworth Press, 1993), 18–19, 23, G. B. Caird, New Testament Theology, ed. L. D. Hurst (Oxford, England: Clarendon Press, 2002), 46, McGrath, 44, 46. [45] See Dunn, The Epistles to the Colossians and to Philemon, 89. See also Yates, 18–19, 23. [46] Dunn, Christology in the Making, 190. [47] Perriman, 199. [48] Martha King, An Exegetical Summary of Colossians (Dallas, TX: SIL International, 1992), 53. [49] Joseph Henry Thayer, A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1996), s.v. “ἐν,” 1722. He recognized the cause was both instrumental and final. [50] William Graham MacDonald, The Idiomatic Translation of the New Testament (Norfolk, VA: Bibleworks, 2012). [51] Chang, 147. Similarly James McGrath wrote, “[I]f all things were intended by God to find their fulfillment in Christ, then they must have been created “in him” in the very beginning in some undefined sense, since it was axiomatic that the eschatological climax of history would be a restoration of its perfect, original state.” McGrath, 46. [52] Caird, Paul’s Letters from Prison, 172. [53] “God so designed the universe that it was to achieve its proper meaning and unity only under the authority of man (Gen. 128; Ps. 86). But this purpose was not to be implemented at once; it was ‘to be put into effect when the time was ripe' (Eph. 110), when Christ had lived a human life as God intended it, and had become God's image in a measure which was never true of Adam. Only in unity with ‘the proper man' could the universe be brought to its destined coherence. For one who believes in predestination it is but a small step from this to saying that the universe was created in him.” Caird, Paul’s Letters from Prison, 178. [54] See also Paul's Adam Christology in Rom 5.12-21; 1 Cor 15.21-22, 45-49. [55] “Christus ist (durch seine Auferstehung aus dem Todesbereich) Herr über den ihm verliehenen Besitz, dessen ἀρχή und Urbild er ist, … und Haupt und Anfang der eschatologischen Neuschöpfung!” Zeilinger, 188. [56] King, 54. [57] Perriman, 200. [58] G. F. Wessels, “The Eschatology of Colossians and Ephesians,” Neotestamentica 21, no. 2 (1987): 187. [59] I realize my translation is awkward, but I prioritized closely mirroring the Greek over presenting smooth English. The original reads, “συνεζωοποίησεν ὑμᾶς σὺν αὐτῷ.” [60] Schillebeeckx, 187. [61] Scholars who make this connection include Caird, New Testament Theology, 216, Caird, Paul’s Letters from Prison, 177, McGrath, 44, Perriman, 201. [62] In fact, only two of the texts I cited above explicitly say “new creation” (2 Cor 5.17 and Gal 6.15). In all the others, Paul blithely employed creation language, expecting his readers to understand that he was not talking about the creation of the universe, but the creation of the new humanity in Christ—the Church. [63] McKnight, 152. [64] Mark H. Graeser, 493. [65] Rev 2.1, 8, 12, 18; 3.1, 7, 14. [66] See Gerry Schoberg, Perspectives of Jesus in the Writings of Paul (Eugene, OR: Pickwick Publications, 2013), 280–81, 83. [67] Margaret Thrall, The Second Epistle to the Corinthians, vol. 1, The International Critical Commentary, ed. C. E. B. Cranfield J. A. Emerton, G. N. Stanton (Edinburgh, Scotland: T&T Clark, 1994), 423, 26–28. [68] J. Louis Martyn, Theological Issues in the Letters of Paul (Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press, 1997), 122. [69] Martyn, 121. [70] Whether the old gods actually existed or not is a topic beyond the scope of this paper. Interested readers should consult Michael S. Heiser, The Unseen Realm: Recovering the Supernatural Worldview of the Bible (Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press, 2019). [71] “[D]ie in Christus gegebene echatologische Welt verwirkliche sich innerhalb der weiterhin existenten irdischen Schöpfung durch die Einbeziehung des Menschen in Christus, den Erhöhten, mittles Heilsverkündigung und Taufe. Das Eschaton setzt sic him Kerygma wetweit durch und wird Wirklichkeit, indem der Mensch durch die Taufe Christi Teil wird, d. h. in Einheit mit ihm dem Anspruch der στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου stirbt (2, 20) und mit ihm auferweckt sein eschatologisches Leben erhält. Die so dem erhöhten Christus eingegliederten Menschen bilden somit in ihm und mit ihm die neue Schöpfung der Eschata innerhalb der alten! Der Christusleib ist somit als sich weitende Kirche erkennbar. In ihr bildet himmlischer und irdischer Raum gewissermaßen eine Einheit.” Zeilinger, 179. [72] “Der neue Adam … Ausgangsort, in dem sich Neuschöpfung ereignete,” Zeilinger, 199. [73] Randy A. Leedy, The Greek New Testament Sentence Diagrams (Norfolk, VA: Bible Works, 2006). This is now available in Logos Bible Software.