Podcast appearances and mentions of James Dunn

0:00:00 Introduction Kat McLeod 00:03:04 You Can Count on Adrienne In part 1 of adventures with Adrienne and Susan, Adrienne Hill chats cheerfully with Susan Gerbic about their marvelous May meanderings, starting with the 'WeCanReason' conference and wrapping up with the sensational St. Louis Skepticamp shenanigans, orchestrated by Karl Withakay (Karl Gerhardt). I chat and giggle gleefully with Karl in the second half of this You Can Count on Adrienne episode. Stay tuned next week for part 2 where the pair head to Raleigh North Carolina. Links to Susan's articles: https://skepticalinquirer.org/exclusive/the-skeptical-society-of-st-louis/ https://skepticalinquirer.org/exclusive/edmonton-qe2-skepticamp-2025/ Link to the Skeptical Society of St. Louis: https://skepticalstl.com/ 0:20:30 Maynard's Spooky Action Maynard is back at Sydney Skeptics in the Pub to investigate AI. Includes interviews with Sue Ieraci, Jessica Singer and the guest speaker Dr James Dunn. Dr James Dunn is an ARC DECRA Research Fellow and Lecturer in the School of Psychology at UNSW Sydney. His research focuses on face and person recognition, forensic science, and individual differences, using advanced methodologies such as behavioral methods, machine learning, AI and eye-tracking. Dr. Dunn's work bridges the gap between theoretical research and practical applications, particularly in high-stakes environments where accurate cognitive assessments are crucial. University of New South Wales Face Test https://facetest.psy.unsw.edu.au 0:34:42 Australian Skeptics Newsletter What skeptical news has caught the eye of Tim Mendham this week? Read by Adrienne Hill. http://www.skeptics.com.au 0:47:30 The TROVE Archives A wander through the decades of digitised newspapers on a search for references to James Randi. 1956.09.15 - Billboard Magazine 1976.01.01 - The Dispatch Lexington North Carolina http://www.trove.nla.gov.au

Listen back to James' message as he looks at Abraham, one of the great heroes of the faith.

Featuring Paul Dervan, Andrew More, Abi Moran & James DunneThis episode of 'That's What I Call Marketing' delves into the transformative role of AI in the marketing landscape. Host Conor Byrne and returning guest Paul Dervan, along with industry experts, Andrew More, Abi Moran & James Dunne, discuss the practical uses and benefits of AI in marketing, creative production, and advertising. They explore AI's potential to disrupt traditional workflows, the importance of crafting effective prompts, and the collaboration between AI and human creativity. Special segments include insights from Andrew Moore of LipDub on video localization and the future of AI in advertising, Abi Moran from Folk VML on AI's structural impact, and James Dunn on AI's limitations and the irreplaceable value of human nuance and creativity. The episode encourages marketers to embrace AI's capabilities while preserving the human elements that drive truly impactful work. Check out Lipdub here https://app.lipdub.ai/signup?afmc=1z Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Catch up on the final message in a 3-part series on the difference that Jesus makes in our lives. In this message James talks about how Jesus changes our priorities.

Dia 21, vídeo 618, para YouTube: Começando em Jerusalém: o cristianismo em seus começos; vol.2, de James D.G. Dunn. Começando em Jerusalém cobre a formação inicial da fé cristã, dos anos 30 a 70 EC. Depois de delinear a busca pela igreja histórica (paralela à busca do Jesus histórico) e revisar as fontes, James Dunn segue o curso do movimento originado por Jesus. Dunn começa com uma análise detalhada do que pode ser dito sobre a comunidade mais primitiva de Jerusalém, os helenistas, a missão de Pedro e o surgimento de Paulo. #jamesdgdunn #novotestamento #cristianismoprimitivo

This video is a respond to Gavin Ortlund (  @TruthUnites  ) regarding his recent video about the Trinity being Apostolic and therefore not an accretion. I mention Paul Vanderklay (  @PaulVanderKlay  ), Dr. Jordan B Cooper (  @DrJordanBCooper  ), Remnant Radio (  @TheRemnantRadio  ), Justin Martyr, Athanasius of Alexandria, Tertullian of Carthage, Origen of Alexandria, John Vervaeke (  @johnvervaeke  ), Jonathan Pageau (  @JonathanPageau  ), Jordan Peterson (  @JordanBPeterson  ), Constantine the Great, Jacob Faturechi (  @faturechi  ), Rabbi Tovia Singer (  @ToviaSinger1  ), Trent Horn (  @TheCounselofTrent  ), Plato, Aristotle, Bethel McGrew, Tripp Parker, Megan Basham, Shepherds for Sale, Austin Suggs (  @GospelSimplicity  ), Larry Hurtado, Richard Bauckham, Francis Watson, Beau Branson, Bill Clinton, Hillary Clinton, Dale Tuggy, James White, Arius of Alexandria, RPC Hanson, Alexander of Alexandria, Hilary of Poitiers, Augustine of Hippo, John Calvin, Eusebius of Caesarea, Basil the Great, Gregory of Nyssa, James Dunn, and many more. Gavin's original video - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gYIBb5SDybg&t=2706s Gavin and PVK - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zMgeekKddfY&t=159s Sam on Trent Horn - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TaoH4sjp58c&t=25s Sam, Bethel, Tripp on Megan Basham - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K85U9l_bfSw&t=1980s Gavin on Gospel Simplicity - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P1xpxyzq92g&t=3488s Jesus and the Divine Name - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eLJ3GGI8Ie8 Development of Christology - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VQt_QO4ASAQ&t=3641s Tertullian's Christology - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WB4fja4GQsU&t=930s Did the Early Christians Worship Jesus - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BsKU9YRS8KI&t=2473s Theological Triage - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gWkYm3hSPEw&t=1750s

The Lux Radio Theatre - Wake Up and Live 1944 Producer-Cecil B. Demille Frank Sinatra, Bob Crosby, Jimmy Gleason, John McIntyre, Marilyn Maxwell, James Dunn, Charles Seel, Bea Benaderet, Cathy Lewis, Alice Mock, Leo Cleary, Anthony Q. Bryan, Eddy Marr, Norman Field, Truda Marson, Tyler McVey, Verna Thelton& Martha Wentworth. A girlfriend tricks a shy singer into going on the air. Then becomes known as, "The Phantom Troubadour". 

We made it! This is day 10 of 10 Days In Paris with The Running Channel podcast. Andy, Rick, and Sarah reflect on their favourite moments from the past ten days in Paris and dissect Sifan Hassan's incredible marathon victory in the sweltering heat. Meanwhile, our very own James Dunn braved the challenge of the Marathon Pour Tous AND the team also looks ahead to the 2028 Olympics as the torch is passed on to Los Angeles.Supported by ASICS.

Het vierde evangelie, het evangelie van Johannes, introduceert de doctrine van de incarnatie. Jezus wordt  in het NT op verschillende manieren gezien, b.v.  als de Zoon van God, door adoptie bij de doop in de Jordaan. Jezus wordt ook geïdentificeerd als de Zoon des Mensen uit het visioen van Daniel, die in nederigheid en lijden op aarde was, maar nu verheven is en opnieuw zal komen. Hij wordt gezien als de vertegenwoordiger van de zondige mens, vergelijkbaar met Adam, en in zijn opstanding wordt Gods plan voor de mens voltooid, wat leidt tot een nieuwe opgestane mensheid.In zijn bediening op aarde wordt Jezus gezien als een eschatologische profeet, geïnspireerd en gezalfd door de Heilige Geest. Na zijn opstanding wordt hij gezien als de Heer van de Geest, bekend door de levengevende Geest, die nu voor christenen de Geest van Jezus is. Jezus wordt ook gezien als de wijsheid van God die de wereld heeft geschapen, en in zijn leven wordt de scheppende kracht en verlossende zorg van God zichtbaar. Zijn dood wordt gezien als een definitieve manier om Gods wijsheid te tonen, en als de opgestane Heer is hij de vervulling van Gods omgang met de kosmos.De leer van de incarnatie in het evangelie van Johannes wordt geanalyseerd door James Dunn, die stelt dat deze leer voortkomt uit de identificatie van de wijsheid (de Logos) met Jezus van Nazareth. Dunn wijst op de verschijning van ideeën over goddelijke verlosserfiguren aan het einde van de eerste eeuw, waarbij deze figuren al in de hemel bestonden voordat ze op aarde verschenen. Deze speculaties over pre-existente hemelse wezens en de verlossing werden beïnvloed door de gebeurtenissen van 70 na Christus, zoals de verwoesting van de tempel. Een verlangen naar nieuwe ideeën over de verlosser heeft tot nieuwe speculaties geleid binnen zowel het jodendom als het christendom.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/koinonia-bijbelstudie-live--595091/support.

In Episode 71, Andy and Sarah are reunited but without Rick! This week, they are joined by TRC's very own James Dunn who has come along to give us an update on his epic challenge of running a whopping 100 miles...The Running Channel Podcast tackles one big topic each episode, amongst helpful tips and light-hearted chat on the latest news in the running world. Hosted by Sarah Hartley (amateur runner) and Andy Baddeley (former pro runner) alongside Rick Kelsey (recovering runner), the TRC Podcast is friendly, jargon-free, and the perfect accompaniment to your runs. For all enquiries contact podcast@therunningchannel.com .If you liked this, please subscribe wherever you get your podcasts. And leave us a 5* review and rating, it really helps us get discovered.We're on YouTube too, so check us out there: www.youtube.com/runningchannel .Mentioned in this episode:Sponsored by Under ArmourClick on the link below Under Armour

Dr. Dustin Smith is the host of the  @BiblicalUnitarianPodcast  and a New Testament scholar at Spartanburg Methodist College. In this episode we discuss his new book about Wisdom Christology in the Gospel of John. We mention James Dunn, Michael Servetus, the Wisdom of Solomon, Baruch, Philo of Alexandria, and more. Wisdom Christology in the Gospel of John: https://www.amazon.com/Wisdom-Christology-Gospel-Dustin-Smith/dp/B0D248VGC5

Listen to the second message in a three part series looking at the story of the prodical son.

Samenvatting:In de historische context van Jezus van Nazareth, kunnen we met enige zekerheid stellen dat hij zichzelf zag als de laatste boodschapper van God voor het aanbreken van het koninkrijk. Hij verwachtte een nieuwe orde, gekenmerkt door de hereniging van de twaalf stammen, een nieuwe tempel, en een samenleving zonder geweld of echtscheiding, waarin zelfs de gemarginaliseerden, inclusief zondaars, een plek zouden hebben.Jezus had volgelingen die zijn visie deelden en bereid waren om een levenstransformatie te ondergaan, zelfs na zijn dood. Zijn boodschap en genezingen trokken grote menigten aan, en sommigen zagen in hem een figuur vergelijkbaar met grote profeten uit Israëls verleden, of zelfs als de 'zoon van God'.Historisch gezien is niets van wat we over Jezus weten uniek; vergelijkbare wonderen, geweldloosheid, eschatologische verwachtingen en aandacht voor gemarginaliseerden zijn ook in andere figuren te vinden. Echter, de combinatie van deze elementen maakt zijn persoonlijkheid onderscheidend. De gelijkenissen toegeschreven aan Jezus zijn literair bijzonder, hoewel het onzeker is of ze daadwerkelijk door hem zijn verteld.Het christendom begon als een vernieuwingsbeweging binnen het jodendom, en veel over Jezus' rol in het toekomstige koninkrijk blijft onbekend. Hij claimde nooit expliciet koningschap, hoewel zijn acties en uitspraken implicaties hadden die daarmee overeenkwamen. De discipelen transformeerden zijn boodschap na zijn dood, gelovend dat hij gestorven was om zondaars te redden.Deze historische analyse suggereert dat de theologie zich moet aanpassen aan de geschiedenis, in plaats van andersom. Het Nieuwe Testament wordt gezien als propagandistische literatuur, gevormd door theologische interpretaties na Jezus' dood. Hedendaagse theologie zou deze historische lagen moeten integreren om tot een vernieuwde visie te komen, zoals voorgesteld door geleerden als Sanders en James Dunn. Dit vereist een theologie die overeenkomt met wat we historisch over Jezus weten, in plaats van een die wordt gedicteerd door traditionele theologische perspectieven.

Dr. Ann Jervis is a Professor Emertia of New Testament at the University of Toronto and a Priest in the Anglican Church of Canada. She is a unique proposal for understanding how the Apostle Paul conceptualizes time, and what implications that has for understanding the rest of his theology. We discuss these ideas mentioning NT Wright, James Dunn, David Bentley Hart, Dale Martin, and more. Paul and Time : https://www.amazon.com/Paul-Time-Life-Temporality-Christ-ebook/dp/B0BW13WS6D

In this episode of Better Thinking, Nesh Nikolic speaks with Dr James Dunn about strategies that support superior face identification accuracy and contextual influences on face identification as well as his most interesting research on Super-recognisers which he has been studying using the UNSW Face Test. James Dunn is a Lecturer in the School of Psychology at UNSW Sydney. Current areas of interest include face and person recognition, forensic science and individual differences with both applied and theory-inspired research using behavioural methods, machine learning and eye-tracking. Previous and current research projects: person-in-crowd identification, the strategies supporting superior face identification accuracy, and contextual influences on face identification. Episode link at https://neshnikolic.com/podcast/james-dunnSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

This an essential episode for all Christians to listen to, process, and pray about

What is the relationship between Paul's Judaism and his faith in Christ? A discussion of James Dunn's "The New Perspective on Paul."

In this episode I discuss the story of the rich young ruler, which is found in Mark 10:17-22 and its parallels in Matthew 19:16-22 and Luke 18:18-23. I outline the problems with the dominant two-source theory of the synoptic problem in New Testament studies and advocate for the Farrer-Goulder-Goodacre Theory, which posits that Mark was written first, followed by Matthew, and that Luke used both as a source. I then explain the importance of oral tradition on the development of the Gospels and how traditions like the story of the rich young ruler must be interpreted within the larger framework of the Gospel narratives themselves and the tradition units with which they were transmitted. In all three Gospels, the exchange with the rich young ruler is preceded by stories that demonstrate the hypocrisy of the Pharisees and the need to accept Jesus with the humility of a child. Those traditions contextualize the response that Jesus has to the rich young ruler, which demonstrates that his attitude towards his wealth is idolatrous and similar to the self-righteousness of the Pharisees. We then look at how this text doesn't support socialism and how a historically grounded interpretation of this story demonstrates the dangers of wealth and the responsibility that the wealthy have towards those that are in need.  Media Referenced:Mark Goodacre Website: https://markgoodacre.org/Mark Goodacre's NT Pod: https://podacre.blogspot.com/Questioning Q, Edited by Goodacre: https://a.co/d/hVTovfAJesus Remembered, James Dunn: https://a.co/d/e0oz2BWMark as Story, Rhodes, Dewey, and Michie: https://a.co/d/fYQIgo9Greed as Idolatry, Brian Rosner: https://a.co/d/73gVoJREpisode on 1st Timothy 5-6: https://libertarianchristians.com/episode/1-timothy-5-6-widows-wealth-and-the-specter-of-socialism/Episode on Biblical Interpretation: https://libertarianchristians.com/episode/rules-of-engagement-hermeneutics-biblical-interpretation/ The Protestant Libertarian Podcast is a project of the Libertarian Christian Institute and a part of the Christians For Liberty Network. The Libertarian Christian Institute can be found at www.libertarianchristians.com.Questions, comments, suggestions? Please reach out to me at theprotestantlibertarian@gmail.com.  You can also follow the podcast on Twitter: @prolibertypod. For more about the show, you can go to theprotestantlibertarianpodcast.com. If you like the show and want to support it, you can! Check out the Protestant Libertarian Podcast page at https://www.buymeacoffee.com/theplpodcast. Also, please consider giving me a star rating and leaving me a review, it really helps expand the shows profile! Thanks!

Friday, January 26, 2024 --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/john-depetro-show/support

ATENCIÓN: Con este programa no pretendemos ofender a nadie. Tan solo queremos arrojar luz sobre las cuestiones más sugestivas en torno a la figura de Jesucristo y el cristianismo. GRACIAS POR VUESTRA ATENCIÓN. ¡Abrimos las puertas de La Posada Del Cuervo! Jesús de Nazaret es el personaje con más misterio de todos los tiempos. Y el más influyente. Su paso por nuestro mundo lo cambió todo. Sin embargo, su vida está rodeada de enigmas que desembocan en interrogantes pendientes de ser respondidos. ¿Fue Jesús la persona que se describe en la Biblia? ¿Es el auténtico hijo de Dios? ¿Tiene sentido su muerte? En este programa os proponemos un viaje en el tiempo, a través de la historia y de las creencias. El objetivo final es que reflexionéis y que seáis vosotros quienes saquéis vuestras propias conclusiones. Para responder a todas las cuestiones más sugestivas que puedan surgir, contamos con el letrado en derecho y teólogo Jorge R. Junto a él, nos sumergiremos en un ciclón sobrenatural en busca de la verdad trascendental de la religión más popular de nuestro mundo. ¡Os invitamos a ser huéspedes en esta estancia! Bibliografía recomendada: - “ El arte perdido de las escrituras” Karen Armstrong - “Campos de Sangre” Karen Armstrong - ⁠“Comenzando desde Jerusalén: el cristianismo en sus comienzos II” James Dunn - ⁠“Jesús recordado: el cristianismo en sus comienzos I” James Dunn - ⁠“Los mitos hebreos” Robert Graves y Raphael Patai Contenido editado por el Alquimista de la Radio, Endika Ortiz de Zárate. Agradecimiento especial a José Ángel Novella por su aportación cinéfila de escenas sonoras en el programa. Si disfrutas de este programa... ¡recuerda que puedes ayudarnos indicando que te ha gustado el episodio con un "me gusta" ❤️ y dejando un comentario en el foro de iVoox! Si te gusta este Podcast, te invitamos a apoyar el programa de forma totalmente voluntaria. Como gesto de agradecimiento, este caserón del misterio abrirá sus puertas con contenido exclusivo para ti. Puedes contactar con nosotros a través de las siguientes vías de contacto: Instagram: https://instagram.com/laposadadelcuervo?igshid=YmMyMTA2M2Y= Facebook: (Página) https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100063581487299 (Perfil) https://www.facebook.com/LaPosadaDelCuervo Twitter: https://twitter.com/posadadelcuervo?s=21 Email: laposadadelcuervo@gmail.com Whatsapp: +34 699719337 Telegram (Grupo): https://t.me/posadacuervo ¿Te gustaría llevarte un recuerdo de La Posada Del Cuervo? ¡Visita nuestra tienda oficial para hacerte con camisetas, tazas y otros souvenirs del misterio! Tienda Oficial: http://elalmacendelasmaravillas.es/es/12-la-posada-del-cuervo Puedes apoyar el programa con una donación a través de los siguientes medios: PayPal: https://www.paypal.me/laposadadelcuervo Bizum: +34 699719337 ¡Gracias por ser huésped sonoro de La Posada Del Cuervo! Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals

Catch up on James' message as he begins our SHAPEd series - How we can use our gifts, talents, and time to serve God in faith.

Buy Kevin Richberg's New Batch of Honey!  Amanda Tyler is executive director of BJC (Baptist Joint Committee for Religious Liberty), leading the organization as it upholds the historic Baptist principle of religious liberty: defending the free exercise of religion and protecting against its establishment by government. She is the lead organizer of BJC's Christians Against Christian Nationalism campaign and co-host of BJC's Respecting Religion podcast. Tyler's constitutional law analysis and advocacy for faith freedom for all have been featured by major news outlets, including The New York Times, The Washington Post, CBS News, ABC News, CNN, and MSNBC. Religion News Service named Tyler one of “2022's rising stars in religion,” and she regularly preaches in Baptist churches, speaks at denominational gatherings, and leads sessions on college campuses and with community groups of all sizes. A member of the Texas and U.S. Supreme Court Bar, Tyler has experience working in Congress, in a private legal practice, and serving as a law clerk for a federal judge. She testified before Congress in 2022 about the ways in which Christian nationalism proves cover for white supremacy and in 2018 about threats to religious liberty around the world. Originally from Austin, Texas, Tyler grew up hearing about the cherished Baptist principles of religious liberty and the separation of church and state as a member of Highland Park Baptist Church. Because she was committed to these principles, Tyler sought out BJC when she moved to Washington to attend Georgetown University, and she began volunteering in the office. Tyler graduated from the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University with a bachelor's degree in foreign service, magna cum laude. She was hired by BJC to serve as assistant to the general counsel, working closely with Brent Walker, James Dunn, Melissa Rogers and Holly Hollman. During this time, she wrote columns for Report from the Capital, drafted statements on religious liberty issues, presented educational programs, and coordinated the broad coalition in support of the Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act. Tyler left BJC to enroll in The University of Texas School of Law, where she received her J.D. with honors. In 2019, the school named her their “Outstanding Young Alumna.” Following law school, Tyler worked in private practice and served as a law clerk for a U.S. district court judge in Dallas, Texas. She later joined the staff of U.S. Rep. Lloyd Doggett in Austin and Washington, D.C. In Austin, Tyler served as the congressman's district director, leading the staff in the development and execution of an outreach agenda for a 7-county congressional district, as well as serving as a spokesperson for his office. She later served as Rep. Doggett's counsel for the Ways and Means Committee. Tyler was named executive director of BJC in 2016, and she began her tenure in January 2017. She lives in Dallas with her husband, Robert Behrendt, and their son. You can follow her on X: @AmandaTylerBJC. Learn more about Amanda in her BJC staff Q&A.    Pete on Tik Tok Pete on YouTube  Pete on Twitter Pete On Instagram Pete Personal FB page Stand Up with Pete FB page All things Jon Carroll  Follow and Support Pete Coe      

Listen to this episode on Spotify or Apple Podcasts Recently Tom Huszti interviewed me for his YouTube channel, the Unitarian Anabaptist. We talked about the importance of geography, archeology, and Greco-Roman history for interpreting the bible, especially the New Testament. Next we delved into early church history, starting with the earliest forms of Jewish Christianity in the first and second centuries. We talked about the Jerusalem church, the Nazarenes, and the Ebionites. Next we considered the persecution many Christians faced at the hands of the Romans for their unwillingness to give their ultimate allegiance to Caesar. The conversation was wide ranging, but what came through over and over is the importance of studying the bible and history in order to restore authentic Christianity and live it out today. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_KefOimH6ZU —— Links —— For the trip to Greece and Turkey with Jerry Wierwille, see the itinerary here and the map here. Follow Huszti's YouTube Channel, the Unitarian Anabaptist Check out episode 478 Unitarian Anabaptist (Tom Huszti)  Get the free class on Early Church History here. Support Restitutio by donating here Join our Restitutio Facebook Group and follow Sean Finnegan on Twitter @RestitutioSF Leave a voice message via SpeakPipe with questions or comments and we may play them out on the air Intro music: Good Vibes by MBB Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-SA 3.0) Free Download / Stream: Music promoted by Audio Library. Who is Sean Finnegan?  Read his bio here —— Transcript —— This transcript was auto-generated and only approximates the contents of this episode. Sean Finnegan:Hey there, I'm Sean Finnegan. And you are listening to restart studio podcast that seeks to recover authentic Christianity and live it out today. Tom Huszti: Sean Finnegan, welcome to Unitarian Anabaptist. Sean Finnegan: Thanks for having me. Tom Huszti: So this has been a long time in the waiting. I was interviewed by you about 8 months ago and now you're being interviewed by the Unitarian Anabaptist. What a privilege there is. A lot that you have to say today in the limited time that we're going to do this, you just came back from a trip of Italy and Greece. You finished a 500 year history of the early church. There's just so much interrelated and what I would like to do, as we discussed earlier is to relate these things back to the 1st century faith of our early Christian brethren. So to begin, could you give us a summary of the important highlights that you saw on your trip related to church history? Sean Finnegan: Yeah, we ended up going to a number of touristy spots in Greece like Santorini and Mykonos, but we also hit Athens and we came into the port of Piraeus and then got to the city of Athens and and the first thing that I will note. And anyone who's been to the Mediterranean in August will. We'll know what I'm about to say is. That it's hot. It's a very.SpeakerHot part of the. Sean Finnegan: World. So is the Middle East, so it's it's. It's interesting that, you know, like times I've been to Israel, times have been to Greece or Turkey. It is a very different climate than what I'm used to here in New York or you in Ohio there. Tom Huszti: Sure. Yes, yes, absolutely. Uh. Sean Finnegan: And you know that that. Brings to mind the importance of water. Hmm. And something that really stuck out to me in Israel I. Would have never. Gotten that from reading books, but going to Israel you go to these ancient sites and. These cisterns dug into the ground these huge caverns to store water because it doesn't rain that much water is is still a big deal in the 1st century in Rome in.SpeakerYes. Yeah. Sean Finnegan: Other cities Pompeii also got to visit Pompeii. Tom Huszti: A lot. Sean Finnegan: And they brought. The water in through aqueducts and this is. All part of. Their system of city structure, but the question. Who pays for the aqueducts? Who pays for the bath houses? You know, I got to see some bath houses in Pompeii where you had the the frigidarium, the tepidarium and the calidore. Yum, you know, and this is the really cold water, the tepid water and the hot water. And this is just what people did. These are these are public facilities. This actually ended up having a great deal of prestige. As wealthy people step forward and this happened in the 1st century, but also in the the 2nd century, was really the heyday of this period, where wealthy people would come forward and they would donate money to build these public works and they would build other great structures like theaters. And whatnot. And these would then be the ones who controlled the cities and won political office. Tom Huszti: OK. Sean Finnegan: And so it's a very different kind of world, you know, just like I don't think about water, I don't think. About wealthy people building bath houses or pools, right? It's just we, you know, we pay taxes and then, you know, we argue about the police. It's just a very different world. And that was really driven home to me on the trip, you know, in Athens, you're on the Acropolis and you're seeing the Parthenon and some of the other structures that still remain. Tom Huszti: Yes, yes. Sean Finnegan: It's just like this is an utterly different world, and it's just so helpful to remember that Tom because. We don't do that when we read the Bible, what we do is we just. We have what we. Understand the world to be, and then we encounter the scripture. We read the text and then we think to ourselves. How can I incorporate this new information? I'm reading about the book of acts or one of the church epistles. For example, how do I incorporate that into what? I know about the world. This is an automatic process and the problem is if you don't force yourself to stop and say wait, they lived in a different world where they had different. Different language, different politics, different weather, different everything. Then you can easily misunderstand so much of the New Testament I. Tom Huszti: OK. Sean Finnegan: Think that's a? Lot of what we as pastors do is we're trying to help people understand the scriptures. So the trip was really enlightening in that sense. Also, I'll make another quick point about it is that we did manage to go to the very edge of Mount Vesuvius. Now Mount Vesuvius blew in 79 AD 79, and that's what killed all the people in Pompeii and Herculaneum. And so they say it's still an active volcano. But you can take a.SpeakerOK. Sean Finnegan: Bus all the way up to the top and then you hike until. Tom Huszti: What's the way? Sean Finnegan: You get to the very crater. You can look down into the crater and it's just incredible. It's just dirt and some like grass and stuff. There's no like lava. Or anything cool but. Tom Huszti: OK. Sean Finnegan: It's just a weird experience to like, stand on the edge of an active volcano and think, wow. This thing blew. And you could kind of see why ancient people were like, ohh, the gods are angry, right? Because. Like who would it? Tom Huszti: Uh-huh. Well, yeah. Sean Finnegan: There's no one in living memory of seeing this thing blow the last time, and it's just such a otherworldly power, sure. Tom Huszti: How far is Pompeii from Rome? Sean Finnegan: I think about two hours. If I had to guess something like that, so we approached. Tom Huszti: Ohh that far OK. Sean Finnegan: Pompeii, from Naples, Naples, is on the. Coast came at it from the West to get to Pompeii in the east, and then you get to Vesuvius and. At the top. Of the Zeus, you can see everything you can see just miles and miles in different cities and. It's really incredible. Tom Huszti: My, my. So how far did the lava have to travel to make it to Pompeii from? Sean Finnegan: Well, wasn't it? They didn't get buried in lava, actually. Yeah, you, you. You would, I guess you would expect that, but it was, it was a I think it was a toxic gas. Tom Huszti: OK. Sean Finnegan: That swept through it well. Initially it was uh. Was launching projectiles and ash and rock straight up, and then that fell because of the wind onto the city and so that, you know, imagine like a hail storm, but with stones and bigger ones and smaller ones. But then a gas came from the mountain and. Tom Huszti: OK. Sean Finnegan: I believe that's what happened and it killed the people, but then it continued to rain. Ash, I think they said like 20 feet of ash, something crazy. Tom Huszti: Oh wow. OK.Speaker 5And it just. Sean Finnegan: Settled on the city and people just didn't have a reason to go there for anything or I'm. I'm not really sure why, but it just laid there. Century after century, and I'm not sure exactly when. Maybe in the 1700s eighteen, 100 something something around there, they're just like, hey, I think we found. A city over here, you know? Archaeology. Just finally gets started. And what happened, Tom, is they would come against these air pockets. So they're digging through. And they hit like a pocket of air and they're. Like this is so weird. What is this? And someone got the bright idea of. Of squeezing into it some plaster, yeah. Tom Huszti: plaster plaster. OK OK. Sean Finnegan: Yeah, if you have you seen these images? Tom Huszti: Yeah, I have. Yeah. That's what I was wondering. OK. Sean Finnegan: Yeah. Yeah. And so then they let it dry and harden, and then they chip around it and then they see the exact shape of a human being. Sometimes even with fine detail. Of like facial expressions and stuff. That's kind of become their customers when they hit an air cavity. They just do that and there there are lots of these casts of human beings in various positions. And what's crazy about them is it's. Just like a. Plaster, but inside the plaster are that person. 'S actual bones. Tom Huszti: Yeah. I was gonna ask. OK. I was gonna ask, you know, something that you mentioned to me back. Louisville, KY, was the length of time that bones. Yeah. And we were talking about resurrection and literal resurrection. And you mentioned that bones last a long time. That's something I really was impressed by something that Rabbi Tovia singer was speaking out against being cremated because. Because the bones are supposed to be the material that used for in part anyhow to reconstitute us as human beings in the resurrection. So that view is very Jewish in origin, as you well know. Sean Finnegan: Yeah, I tend to agree with Rabbi Tovia singer on that. I'm not a fan of cremation. I'm not going to say it's going to defeat God's ability to resurrect somebody, feel like that's a pretty extreme position to take. But I have learned a lot and I know you've been to Israel and you've stood on the Mount of olives and you see. Well, the the tombs there that are, I don't know why they're buried above ground, but they're all these stone rectangles and or stone boxes, really rectangular shaped boxes and inside are the bones. And it's like, well, what's the deal with this? Why are they so worried about bones or not worried but concerned about bones and focused and. Tom Huszti: Yes, yes. Sean Finnegan: About caring for the bones and you know they have these ossuaries where you know they they found Caiaphas ossuary. Tom Huszti: I know I saw it when I was in Israel. Sean Finnegan: Incredible ornate. Tom Huszti: In the Israel, yeah. In the Israel hit Natural History Museum of all places, back in 2004, I was shocked. Sean Finnegan: Isn't it beautiful? Tom Huszti: Well, well, it's a beautiful ossuary, but what was most shocking was the was the plaque beside it. The plaque, the plaque beside it, said this was the high priest in the days of Jesus that was responsible for his crucifixion. And I thought to see that advertised in the Israel. Sean Finnegan: Oh, what did it say? Tom Huszti: Natural History Museum was just shocking because it's a recognition that this thing happened and this is the man responsible to it. I was, yeah, that was the last thing I saw in the museum on my way out because we were we had a very short time frame and it was at the entrance of the. Museum so we saw it as we exited. Very cool. Fascinating, yes. Sean Finnegan: Very cool. And you see that stuff? You just say to yourself. These are real. These are true stories. This is history, you know. You see. The the litho what is that Lithos Stratos? You know that that street that is beneath Jerusalem, that was discovered where this is where Jesus was beaten or. He was. It's the layer that goes back to the 1st century. It's kind of underneath the city of Jerusalem. You see these things you say to yourself like I like. I've stood there, Tom. Like, I know for sure. Now. Vesuvius is a real volcano. I looked into the. Tom Huszti: Yes, yes. Crater. Yes, yes. Yeah, right, right.SpeakerIt's like not that. Sean Finnegan: I ever really doubted it, but like when you do it and you stand there and you see and you, you know, you see the cast and the horror on the faces of the. Tom Huszti: Right. Sean Finnegan: People in Pompeii, you're like. OK, this is not a story, this is history. Tom Huszti: Yeah, no. Sean Finnegan: And it's very powerful. But back to your point about resurrection and bones. What really started me on this, this is going to be a really random source, is a Freakonomics podcast episode. They're talking about cremating animals. The guy was saying, when it comes to cremating animals, they it was, they were trying to do an investigation. The big question they had was. Tom Huszti: OK. Sean Finnegan: Do they actually give you the ashes for your animal? This is like a pet crematorium. Or are they just like scooping random ashes? And you know what? What's really going on here? Right. And they were talking it. So they got into the subject of cremation and bones. And they're like, well, you know, what really happens to the crematorium is they burn, you know, the human or the animal or whatever. And then the bones are there. Tom Huszti: Right. Sean Finnegan: Their bones are not burnable, they just, they're just there. Tom Huszti: Right, right, right. Sean Finnegan: So what they do is they grind them. Tom Huszti: That's what Tovia said, too. Sean Finnegan: And after they grind them down, that's the ashes that you get. They're actually ground bones. Tom Huszti: Ohh, is that right? Sean Finnegan: That they return to you. At least, that's what this podcast episode was saying. It was talking about animals, but like, it also talked about humans, whatever. And it and it made me think to myself, like, wait a second. I always just assumed the bones desiccated. I assumed that they disintegrated over. Tom Huszti: OK. Ohh you did. OK. Sean Finnegan: Time and then it it it kind of informed my thinking about, you know, the James Ossuary and the Caiaphas archery and some of these other ossuary findings, like some of the more sensationalized ones said we think we found Jesus and all this, which has been pretty much not accepted by scholarship but anyhow.Speaker 5The idea of. Sean Finnegan: Bones lasting for centuries and centuries was just like common sense to ancient people because they didn't have this separation. Like we have from our dead. Like we don't, we don't. Know but like they would go. Sean Finnegan:A year later. Sean Finnegan: Back to the tomb and they would pick up the bones and put them in a. Little bone box. Space is limited and you want to fit as many ancestors, descendants, relatives in the same cave or tomb as possible. But you're not looking to, like, mix all the bones together. So yeah, it just kind of made sense to get a box the width of the skull and the length of a femur, and to use that to, you know, organize people and just scratch on the side, the person's name. And so I think this all goes back to whether we're talking about the amount of olives. Tom Huszti: Yeah, yeah. Tom Huszti: Oh, OK. Sean Finnegan: To this day in Jerusalem, or we're talking about the austrias in the 1st century this or or Tovia Singer's preferences. This all goes back to the same thing which is this. Really strong belief in resurrection and so burying your dead in a way that preserves the bones or cares for the bones is is in a sense, I think a an act of faith that the Jewish people have always had. Again, I'm not saying that cremation is a sin or that it's going to damn somebody to, you know, eternal judgment or, you know, that's not where I'm going here, but I think. Tom Huszti: Yes. No. Sean Finnegan: We should ask the question, is this really this is really fit as Christians like I know it's less expensive. OK, but like is it? Is that always the right course of action? Just cause something's less expensive. So I I think burial. Traditional burial it can be an act of faith because you're saying I'm going to Mark Toome. I'm going to rise. Out of this to. Him so. Tom Huszti: Let's get back to your your trip details. I'm trying to picture this, the framework of well picture this setting that the acts of the apostles was written in. Is Athens set on a hill? Sean Finnegan: Well, the Acropolis certainly is. Tom Huszti: The acropolises OK. Sean Finnegan: Yeah. So, yeah, there there are definitely hills there. The propolis is a very high point in the center of Athens and it is kind of steep. I don't know what you call like a plateau that just. Rises out of nowhere. In the old days, that would be the spot where you would retreat to if Athens were invaded, because it can be held much longer. Tom Huszti: Apostle Paul preached in that place. Sean Finnegan: Well, I think he preached. On Mars. So which is right next to it. So it's yeah, it's right. Right nearby. Tom Huszti: Can you imagine the possible Paul in that setting? Sean Finnegan: Yeah. Well, I mean, the interesting thing about the apostle Paul at the Areopagus or Mars Hill is that he is looking at all these statues. And I when I was in Athens, I got to go to the museum. Tom Huszti: Can you picture him there? Carry out this OK? Sean Finnegan: The Acropolis Museum, which is. Walk. We got there and we went inside and you see all these statues? These are all these statues that they found? Of course. The Acropolis had actual temples to gods on it and that wouldn't have been unusual. There would be temples and statues of gods all throughout the city. And that's not weird for Athens. All Greco-roman cities had statues to gods, shrines, little other ways of worshipping their gods, you know, depending on what gods we're talking about, they're all a little different. You know, there's Paul. He's not really from the West, you know, for and for his perspective as as somebody from. Horses and cilicia. Athens is the. West, we say Athens is east, but for him that's. Tom Huszti: OK, he's from us. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Sean Finnegan: West and you know, so for Paul, he would have seen plenty of this throughout his travels and stuff. But for whatever reason, his heart was just so troubled in Athens, he saw that people just in the city just given to this in Act 17, he finds this altar to the unknown God and he's like. All right, well, here's. Here's someplace where I can hook on a gospel presentation. Really good speaking. But it's interesting too, going back to our former conversation about burial and resurrection, when it comes to the part where Paul says that God has furnished proof by raising that Jesus is the Messiah by raising him from the dead. The Athenians had no trouble hearing that Jesus would be the Messiah. I don't think that was like a really understood category to them. They wouldn't have a hang up about that as him being a king or whatever. But when he says. He has given proof by raising him from the dead. Suddenly they're just like this is ridiculous. Everybody knows you don't want your body back again. This is stupid. I'm out of here. And like the Greeks, the Greeks, they're standard approach to the afterlife. Tom Huszti: Ohh yeah yeah. Sean Finnegan:That's right. Sean Finnegan: Was to get rid of the body. It was not to keep the body or to get the body back. Restored and renewed. And so this. This was always a big issue between Jews and Christians. Agree on. Over against the the Greco-roman, whether the philosophers or just like the folk religion of like going down to Hades and you know all the stuff they, you know, they had stories about all that. Tom Huszti: Have you been to Cesarea Philippi in Israel? Sean Finnegan: Yeah, it's like they call it banya or. Tom Huszti: Something banyas. Yes, banyas. And actually, I guess you know why it's called banyas. Sean Finnegan: Well, there was a. Shrine to the God pan there. Tom Huszti: Right pan, right. So the original name was panyas. But the Arabs have a hard time pronouncing the sound, so they change it to bond. Yes, believe it or not. But yes, yes, yes. So now. Sean Finnegan: Well, that makes sense. Thank you. Tom Huszti: You learn something. From me for a change, right? OK. Sean Finnegan: There it is. There it is. Yeah. I have been there. It's a beautiful spot. And you know, again, talking about the heat and the the arid climate of Israel to have a place with a beautiful water supply. Tom Huszti: Oh my. Sean Finnegan: Like sensory flip by where you say, OK, this is it. This is going to be a big spot. This is going to be a place where people are going to want to go and build things and live because there's plenty of water. Tom Huszti: Yes. Yeah. Tom Huszti: Yeah, it's beautiful there, isn't it? Maybe the most beautiful place in Israel. In my my view, as far as the physicality of it, that's arguable, but. Sean Finnegan: I don't know. I loved Dengeki. I thought it was. Tom Huszti: And Betty was beautiful too. Yes. Also water the the shrine. So do you remember what the shrine of Pan looked like? And and with the details about what was happening there. Sean Finnegan: Yeah, yeah. No, no, remind me. Tom Huszti: OK, there's a a graven image of pan on the the wall of the the side of Mount Hermon, the base of Mount Hermon there. And there is a cave right next to it. And there would would have been an altar for a member, correct? There would have been an altar in front of The Cave, and they were doing sacrifices to the God pan, and they were throwing the sacrificed beast into The Cave and the Jordan River begins flowing from that area. So. There was some kind of a relationship to throwing the sacrifice into The Cave and and whether or not the blood came out at the Jordan River that cave. On the side of the mountain, Mount Hermon was supposed to be the gateway to the underworld. Sean Finnegan: It is certainly the case that the Greeks and the Jews looked very differently at the dead. The Jewish mindset was at the dead are resting and they had the term show all for that. The sort of realm of the dead where all the dead are they're they're awaiting, they're asleep, they use that language. Lot, even in the the Christian New Testament. Tons of references, a lot of our translations, just like get rid of it and they say died or. Something like that. But that it actually says fall asleep or fell asleep. Ohh which you know the a Greek person wouldn't say that they would say no, they're in a different realm. And they're in the underworld of Hades, and Hades is not just a realm. It's also the name of a God who's in charge of all of those shades or departed souls. And you know, so, like, these are very different views. You know what I mean? And it's sad to say, but Christianity has more often than not. Agree with the pagans over against the early Christian. Of view, which is a shame, right? Tom Huszti: Unfortunate indeed. Yes, it is in the the first conversation I had with Tovia Singer, we hit upon so many touch points that we agree upon resurrection life in the age to come. The term Messiah is something that we can talk freely about. There's so many things from my Christian view that actually are terms that you can talk to Jewish people in this present day about, especially those who are inclined to study the Old Testament. And that's a conversation that most nominal Orthodox kind of Christians cannot have with Jewish people. The the rule seems to be that Jews have to leave Judaism in order to come over to Christianity. But strangely enough, we received Christianity from the Jews. And so the context that you're you're seeing here is something that is is very interesting. In restoring Christianity to its 1st century foundations, which is your your big desire so. Sean Finnegan: Yeah, yeah, I mean, that's what, that's what I'm all about, is trying to clear away the accretions of the Middle Ages and the post Christian. Developments and getting back to that original earlier version of Apostolic Christianity, you know what? What would the church have thought about this in the 1st century rather than in the 2nd and following centuries? The the subsequent centuries? And, you know, I'm not against technology. Renovation. But I am against changing our beliefs from what the New Testament says and that has happened a lot and it happens very slowly. And I've had a a a desire to understand that development. For a long. Time and did my masters on the subject and was really surprised to see that, you know, people are just not asking this question. Like I'm I'm a member. Of the even to this day of the the Boston area patristic society. OK. And so I get emails and, you know, invitations to attend their meetings, which I attended when I lived out there. And, you know, they're held either at Harvard or at Brown University or sometimes at Providence College as well as three schools have good patristic good, early church history programs. And you know so. They they issue these papers a couple. Of times a year. I don't know like 3 or. Four to five times a year and you know you have lint chocolates and a little wine and a little cheese. And you know, you sit around and, you know, just kind of listen in with these, you know, somebody presents on some aspects some facet of. Early church history. Three, I've been a member of this for I don't know a decade they have never done. A doctrine not once. Not once. There's no interest at all in doctrinal development or this mindset that says, hey, let's get back to living out our faith the way they lived out there is, as far as how we treat people or how we think about the government or whatever practical area. There's zero interest in that. In the the more liberal side of the fence and then on the conservative side of the fence, you have the Catholics that really dominate. And not that there aren't liberal Catholics. I'm sure there's plenty of them too. But I'm talking about the more conservative minded ones and they're always just trying to show that what the church teaches now is really what Christians have always believed. So it's apologetic. It's not OK, let's see what happened. It's more like, alright, well, this person like, for example Ignatius of Antioch, there's going to be an amazing presentation on this. Tom Huszti: Come on. Sean Finnegan: At the Unitarian Christian Alliance Conference next month, Nathan Massey has done some cutting edge research on Ignatius of Antioch. But anyhow, people, Catholic scholars in particular love Ignatius, and they'll go to Ignatius and they say, well, see, Ignatius calls Jesus God. Therefore, the Trinity is true as we, you know, 20 centuries later. Teach it it. It's it's all true because Ignatius said Jesus is God, and there's just more problems with that than you can shake a stick at, which you know I won't get into unless you're interested. But like my my point is. There's very few scholars who are honestly going to the sources of ancient Christians. Whatever books have survived right, and saying what were they saying? And and just taking them on their own words, their own terms, giving them the credit that they knew what they. Were talking about even. If it disagrees with what the? First later said was the right way to think, right? So let me let me just give. You one example. So for example. Justin Martyr, Justin Martyr doesn't fit with anybody, right? I mean, he's just idiosyncratic. He has his own way of thinking and talking. About things, he will even call Jesus, the second God sometimes. And you know he doesn't. Think at all that. Jesus, even in his preincarnate state, was equal. With God the. Father ever, you know, at the same time he's he's sort of like very much like in mesh with the Jews and and like very much talking to the Jews and at. The same time, incredibly rude. And it, you know, by what I would say, it's totally inappropriate. You know, some of the ways he he talks to in in one of his books, the book against Trifle. So yeah. So anyhow, Justin Moorer, you know, a church historian will come along and say, Justin, Monta was just. Tom Huszti: Ohh trifle.Speaker 5You know, he was reaching in the dark for the doctrine of the Trinity. He just didn't quite have the language yet to express it, and it's like. Sean Finnegan: No, he wasn't. He had a he had a mature developed view of who he thought Jesus was. And it's just different than yours, man. Just just. Allow him to be him. Tom Huszti: He might have squeeze everybody into the. Sean Finnegan:You know. Tom Huszti: Same mold, huh?SpeakerHe's not. Sean Finnegan: Hinting at anything he thinks he knows what he's talking about. You're not. Tom Huszti: Right. Tom Huszti: He wore the philosopher's robe, didn't he? Sean Finnegan: He did, and he had a he had a a little meeting spot in Rome above a, you know, above a shop, you know, he had a little apartment or whatever, and he'd he'd meet with people and he'd teach him what he thought was the definitive understanding of the Christian religion, just because nobody else later on agrees with him doesn't mean he was just like. Undeveloped or something, you know, he he believes what he believed, and it's just different and that's OK. And what I see when I look at Justin or Irenaeus or, you know, a lot of these guys is I see development. And when I see development, I think to myself, let's rollback the tape and see the trajectory overtime. Yeah. What is the vector? Where is this heading? So if I see you know a couple of points on a line that go in One Direction, I could say OK, I make a measurement here, make a measurement here, connect those dots and trace it backwards. What's there in the? 1st century and that's that's what I love to do. That's what I want to know. That's my my research, my investigation to find. What's the earliest beliefs and practices and that I'm crazy enough to think we can live that out today? Tom Huszti: Yeah, you are a strange bird, but I agree with you I. Guess I am too so. Sean Finnegan: Well, and The thing is we both came to this from very different milieus, different backgrounds, denominations and so forth. But we both recognize that it makes logical sense that if the church has gotten off track. Then you know the best way to do it is to reform back to the, you know, whatever we can recover of the original version of Christian. Tom Huszti: Right. Sean Finnegan: And you know, that's. Yeah, it makes sense to me. A lot of people don't. They don't believe in Restorationism. They they say, oh, that's you can't go back there. It's impossible and it's like. Tom Huszti: That's so true. Sean Finnegan: Well, well, why let? Tom Huszti: Me. Share you with you my thought on this. So the the 1st century church was waiting for the return of Jesus and it didn't happen in their age, but. We who claim to desire the return of Jesus need to be postured as they were. Like I'm I'm just. Wondering you know. Like if Christianity gets far enough away from their origins, it's an awful lot to ask Jesus to return when we've strayed so far from. What our forefathers believed so that the church that I was put out from is called the Apostolic Christian Church Nazarene. And the term Nazarene is a a term that is very, very honorable, I would say. But when you think in terms of the early church, the term Nazarene meant Jewish believers in Messiah. And I still call myself a Nazarene, even though my community has, for the by and large, has disfellowship. Hit me. I'd like to to trace my origins back to the the Nazarenes my my Jewish Brethren, believers in Jesus, and this is something that you touched upon in your. Your church history. You think you could fill us in a little bit about the views of different Jewish Christians, Abbey Knights and Nazarenes and. Any others that would kind of fit that category maybe give us a little summary. Sean Finnegan: Yeah, to do work on the Ebionites or the Nazarenes is to read late reports. By their enemies. I don't know of a single document that survives other. Than I would. Argue that, dedicate, I would say that dedicat is a Nazarene document. Tom Huszti: Oh wow. Sean Finnegan: It reads that way to me. It has a low Christology. It's very Jewish, you know, it's very Christian, you know. And it it just seems to kind of fit that that mindset. So I would argue that the dedicate would be a Nazarene document. Now these these terms, Nazarene, it's actually in the New Testament. The sect of the Nazarenes. Where was that? They said. Tom Huszti: Right, Paul Paul, was it? Yes, they did. That's correct. Yeah. Yes. Sean Finnegan: That about Paul, right? Yeah. So that's old school. Right. But what we can kind of gather is from these late reports and when I say late, I'm talking like from the year 375, we get this heresy hunter named Epiphanius of Salamis and he writes a book called The Panarion. You know, so this is this is riding 300 years after all the action and the excitement has already happened, right? Where's where's the action? Where's the parting of the ways? As James Dunn's famous book called it? Well, it's really in that post 70AD pre. Justin. So like between like 70 AD when the temple. Tom Huszti: Yeah, yeah. Sean Finnegan: Got destroyed and the Romans conquered Jerusalem to the time of Justin Mortar where, like he begins in, you know, maybe like 135 was the 2nd revolution. Right. So you have the the bar Copa revolt. Tom Huszti: Right. Sean Finnegan: Actually, some people might call it a third revolution because there was another one in between the two, but whatever. It wasn't in. Jerusalem. But you know, in that period there, what is that like? Probably like 60-70 years something happened and there was a a splitting away and Gentile. Tom Huszti: Ohh there was OK Ohh. Sean Finnegan: Christians and Jewish Christians. Stops influencing each other. And it's a really murky period of time. Scholars have all kinds of theories from there was never a parting of the ways. What are you? Talking about to it. Tom Huszti: Uh-huh. Well. Sean Finnegan: It happened because of this or because of that. But let's just put it this way, the the the official Christian line on it has always been since. The time of Eusebius. That the followers of Jesus when they. Saw the Roman legions coming. Abandoned the city of Jerusalem. And if that's true and they, he says they went to power, they went to this other area. If that's true, then the native Jewish people who stayed and fought and died. And then many of them also survived. Would not very much like the Jewish Christians because. They didn't stay, they didn't like. Tom Huszti: So you're talking for 70, you're talking about from 70 AD that the Christians would have left. Sean Finnegan: Yeah. Yeah. So, like, after the city is conquered by the Romans, things kind of settle down politically. I mean, I guess the last holdouts are at Masada up until what, like 7370? Tom Huszti: Right. Sean Finnegan: 4 but like. Then that OK, this period ends, the Romans have reasserted their dominance. But you know a lot of Jewish people survive and and. And they're not looking at the Jewish Christians positively, they're looking at them negatively. And we have this Birkat hominem. Yes. Are you familiar with that? It says for the apostates, let there be no hope and uproot the Kingdom of arrogance speedily. And in our days, may the Nazarenes and the sectarians perish, as in a moment let them be blotted out of the book of life. Tom Huszti: I am. Sean Finnegan: And and so forth. So it's like OK by the time of Justin, he makes mention of this and he says you. Know why? Why? You guys cursing us in your synagogues, right? So like Justin knows about it, so. It's got to be before 160 and it's. Probably after the month. Tom Huszti: So let me ask you this, would that curse? Be specific to Jewish believers in Messiah Jesus. She will. Or would it? That was specifically for them because they were thought they were thought to be created. Sean Finnegan: Well, they they would be the ones to go to the synagogue. So this is something. That would be spoken. Publicly in the synagogue, along with the other blessings and. Tom Huszti: OK. Ah. So that would discourage them from attending synagogue. Sean Finnegan: It would expose them as well because they wouldn't be able to recite that. Tom Huszti: Oh, they wouldn't be able to recite it, OK. Sean Finnegan: You can't curse yourself, you know. It's just awkward. Tom Huszti: Yes, so so so.SpeakerYou know, right. Tom Huszti: During the time of the Barkha revolt, the Jewish believers in Yeshua Miss Jesus would not have taken up arms against the Romans and this would have been a further offense against the. Against the revolution, revolutionaries against the Jews. Sean Finnegan: Well, you know. We we see we see rumblings even before in the I don't know if it's the Jewish war or the antiquity of the of the. Jews with Josephus. He talks about how there was a power vacuum just for a moment in Jerusalem and during that power vacuum when the old governor had, I don't know if he died or just had left or whatever happened to him. But the new governor, I think, was Albinus, was on his way then the non Christian. Jewish people were able to gang up on James, and when James was fairly old brother of Jesus and that they were able to more or less lynch him, you know, they just got a mob together and they they were able to to kill. Tom Huszti: A friend. Sean Finnegan: Him. So there was already animosity before the war. War starts in 66, you know it. It did blow up from time to time. We see it in the book of Acts. Right. There's a lot of animosity between the Jewish Christians, the non Christian Jews. OK, so this this continues. But after the war.SpeakerOK. Tom Huszti: Right. Sean Finnegan: It it's it seems like there's not even much real space left for Jewish Christians to even go to a synagogue with this curse that's put there specifically against them. Again, the war is such a massive historical event. The Jewish War of Rome, 66 to 74, where I mean, how many kinds of Judaism. Do we know? About from the 1st century, you have your Sadducees, you have your Essenes, you have the rebellious types. They call the 4th philosophy and Josephus. You have your Pharisees, and then you have the Christian Jews. Tom Huszti: They would be the zealot. Would there be the zealots or the sikari? Sean Finnegan: Yeah, yeah, that would be the 4th philosophy. The Zealots, the sicari, all the revolutionary types. Right. So you have like, five types of Judaism. And so the Christian Jews. Tom Huszti: OK. OK. Sean Finnegan: Five and the Pharisaic Jews survive, but the Sadducees, the Essenes, and the revolutionaries. They're all gone, or completely disempowered. Tom Huszti: OK. Sean Finnegan: After the war, so now you have pharisaic Judaism, which eventually kind of develops into rabbinic Judaism, and you have the Jesus Jews. And they gave birth to the Christian movement, which is kind of like, it's almost like in a sense gone public like a like a corporation offers an IPO. And then, like, the, the company has kind of a life of its own, independent of what the founder, really. Tom Huszti: Yeah. OK.SpeakerHis vision was. Sean Finnegan: And maybe that's a good analogy for it, cause like Christianity goes pretty much Gentile and there it's Jew and Gentile together in the 1st century for sure. But like as we get into the 2nd century. The kinds of literature that survive from Christian pens. It's just like either ignorant of Jewish practices and interpretations of the Old Testament or outright antagonistic, where you get like documents from like the middle of the 2nd century. Like I'm thinking of the Epistle of Barnabas, and some of the other documents in the Apostolic Fathers, where like they're just like you, Jews are crazy because you kept the law. And it's like, how could you ever say that if you're if you're a little more aware of what the, you know, that that was the law that God gave to the Jewish people to keep, why would they be crazy to keep it? Right? So it seems like there's just a parting of the ways. And that's the term James Dunn used for it. And, you know, we just wish so much that we had. We have more information about it. We just kind of get these little bits and pieces. We don't know exactly how it happened. We just know that it happened.SpeakerOh yeah. Tom Huszti: Some hostile witnesses, of all places. Sean Finnegan: So now you've got. These Jewish Christians, Tom and they're kind of isolated in the east, they're not well loved by the Gentile Christians or they don't have access or I don't know, for whatever reason, there's just not a lot of interaction, which is tragic in my opinion. Tom Huszti: Yeah. Yes.SpeakerBut they're also. Sean Finnegan: Alienated from their own Jewish brothers and sisters because they're not allowed in the synagogue and you know, if you're in a little village and there's only one place putting shoes on horses. Or doing some other craft or trade. And they don't want to sell to you. Guess what? You're in trouble, you know, because you're one of the Nazarenes or. One of the Ebionites. Tom Huszti: Sure, sure. Sean Finnegan: So you know these people had a really tough go of it and you know, we hear about them later on and they may have survived pretty well. Outside the Roman Empire, in the east, in the Persian Empire. But we don't know much about that either, so it's really hard to do scholarship on them. There are more questions than answers, but my best guess, OK. And that's really what it is, is it's a guess is that the community of James, the brother of Jesus, they didn't really get on board. With what Paul? And Gentile Christianity was doing they got on board to a certain degree and and this we see this conflict in the book of. Acts 15 and then later. Tom Huszti: Yeah, 15. Sean Finnegan: On in .2 what happens is.SpeakerThey say all. Sean Finnegan: Right. Well, you you can have. Gentiles and they don't need to keep the law. Fine, but we Jews are going to keep the law. Still, I don't think Paul got on board with that. Paul would say Jews don't need to keep the law either. Obviously they can. Anybody can keep the law. Who wants to? But Jewish Christians, I should say I should be clear. I'm not talking about just Jews in general. I'm saying Jews who believe in Jesus because of a covenantal understanding expressed later. Tom Huszti: Yes, yes. Sean Finnegan: In the Book of Hebrews, whoever wrote Hebrews that it is clear that Jewish Christians don't need to keep the law. James and his group of Jewish Christians disagree with. That viewpoint, they say no. This is the covenant. We're Jewish Christians. We're going to continue to keep the law. So I think this James Community is what left during the war and survived north and east of Jerusalem. And that then this community had a doctrinal division where some of them. Accepted the Gospel of Matthew, which possibly was in Hebrew or Aramaic. You know some language that the people could readily read. Tom Huszti: OK. Sean Finnegan: There are lots of hints of that in the patristic literature. People talk about it quite a bit. They don't talk about any other writing. From the new. Testament, all the other books in the New Testament. They never mentioned as being in Hebrew, just Matthew. Tom Huszti: Wow, just Matthew cross. Sean Finnegan: It's the only one. Yeah. So why would you? Put it in Hebrew, whether it was written in Hebrew originally or translated into Hebrew. Why would why? Because you have Jewish people. Reading it. You read the Gospel of Matthew. What does it begin with? A genealogy? Who loves genealogies? The Greeks? No, they don't care about genealogies. The Jews love genealogies. So Matthew begins by making a convincing argument that this Jesus of Nazareth has a claim. And. Could possibly be the Messiah because of his ancestry. That's how it starts. So you've got this community and in. The Gospel of Matthew as well as. Luke, you have. The virgin birth. You have the virgin conception and you know this idea that in in some way Jesus is the son of God.Speaker 5Some of the. Sean Finnegan: Jewish Christians in this community don't believe that. And others do, and that is, and again, this is a reconstruction based on hostile sources like Epiphanius, and you siberius, and there are plenty of later ones too. Like Jerome mentions this stuff and it, and and it's even possible that these Jewish Christians survive. Arrived and they there was some interaction with them. It wasn't just all hearsay. OK, but it's possible for us to know today how reliable these reports are. But so you have the James, Jewish Christians. They go away from Jerusalem and they settle in north and east of of Jerusalem. And they have this difference. Tom Huszti: OK. Sean Finnegan: Among them the ones who? Believe in the virgin birth. Are Nazarenes the ones that do not? Are Ebionites both of them believe that Jesus is a human being? Tom Huszti: Right. Sean Finnegan: Whom God anointed as a Messiah. They both believe in crucifixion. Both believe in resurrection. Both believe in Ascension. Both believe in the coming Kingdom. So the question is, you know whether he is biologically. Whatever that means, you know, like, if there was this miracle to get him started or if he was the son of Joseph. OK, so that's that seems to be the disagreement there between the Nazarenes and the Ebionites. And here's here's just one more thing to complicate it, make it worse is some Christians will call both groups of unites. Tom Huszti: Yeah, that's a mistake. Sean Finnegan: And they're saying, well, some of you guys believe this and some even nice believe. That it's like. Tom Huszti: Yes, right. Well, it seems to me the very, very important doctrines they agreed upon. And I know I noticed in the Apostle Paul's writing, he never mentions the virgin birth, he does emphasize. The authority that Jesus received through the resurrection, most notably in Romans chapter one, that's where. Sean Finnegan: Yeah. I mean, I think the closest pull comes is Galatians 4 four, where it says when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his son born of a woman born under the law. Sort of like the closest. To it you. Can interpret that a number of different ways. Tom Huszti: So it's fascinating to understand that we've actually lost connection to a large extent to the original source of our our gospel message. And I suppose that makes that makes your challenge of restoring 1st century Christianity even a bit. Your task you're trying to recreate these things based on what you know and based on hostile witness accounts. Sean Finnegan: Here's the good news. We still have the Bible. We have the New Testament. You know, we can read it, we can see. And it's not like the New Testament is hiding or covering over any controversy like the The Paul. James, things is is is plain as day in Galatians like pull, yes, pull lays it out, you know, and I and. I'm going with Paul on. This I'm going to. I'm going to disagree with James. I think he was a great. And but I think he just didn't have the full understanding of how Jesus, through his actions, how he affected our relationship with God and and this whole understanding of covenant. So I'm going to go with Paul on that. What happened among Pauline Christianity is. A development that slowly moved away from the New Testament read from a Jewish perspective because I think Pauline Christianity basically got swamped by Gentiles. Tom Huszti: Yeah, I think so. Tom Huszti: Too and I. Sean Finnegan: Think the leaders. Of Pauline Christian. Probably not in his day, but maybe within a generation or two. Became highly educated intellectual gentiles who were financially well off enough to get an education because education costs them money. Otherwise you got a farm or you got to do a craft or a trade, right? So is that is that sort of movement occurred away from? Apostles and their appointed success. More towards these intellectuals. We get Christian doctrine shifting away from what's in the New Testament into these more Greek and Roman ways of thinking. And that's kind of an area where I've been doing a lot of work recently. Trying to understand. Especially on Christology, how would a a Greek or a Roman person? How would they hear the story of Jesus? What would that sound like to them? And so I've done a lot of work on that and I'm going to be presenting that in a month as well at the UCLA conference. Yeah. But that will be out later on YouTube as well. If you don't make. Tom Huszti: Ohh at the OK. But that should be very interesting. Sean Finnegan: It to the conference, you know. Tom Huszti: I bought my ticket already. Ohh, good. Yes. Yes. I'll look forward to that. I guess we probably shouldn't talk too much about it in advance because we have to. We don't want to. Take the the. Thunder out of your presentation. Sean Finnegan: Well, I I just mentioned, I'll just mention one thing, OK. So let's imagine you're a non believer, you're a Pagan. You've worshiped the gods all your life. You've heard stories about Apollo getting banished down to Earth and having to work as a servant. You've heard stories about Zeus coming down impregnating women. You've heard stories about. Tom Huszti: Hercules. Dad. Huh, Hercules. Dad. Sean Finnegan: You've heard stories about Hercules as well, and Asclepius was originally a human who got deified, and he got deified to such a level that he became essentially an Olympian God, that that level of. Elevation and exultation was possible. So you hear all these stories about these gods who come down to become men, or appear as men being made in appearance as a man, right? Like this is this. Is their vocabulary. That's their world. And then you hear lots of stories. Tom Huszti: Yes, yes, right. Sean Finnegan: Humans, who had a beginning normal humans, but were so exceptional that they got to skip Hades and instead go to Olympia or instead go to some heavenly realm like. Tom Huszti: OK. Sean Finnegan: You this is just your.Speaker 5World these are all your stories. Tom Huszti: OK. Uh-huh. Sean Finnegan: Now you're going to hear a story about a miracle worker, Jewish miracle worker. Who was executed came back to life. And now lives in heaven. And is immortalized. You have a category for that. Kind of a being. Tom Huszti: OK. Sean Finnegan: It's called a God. Tom Huszti: Yeah. Yes. Sean Finnegan: Like in our in our language. Today we would say a lower case G God, right? They didn't fuss with capital. A lowercase. You know, like everything's capital pretty much and all the inscriptions we have in the manuscripts from this period, right. So they would just say, oh, that yeah, we. I know, I know. Plenty of other beings that are like that too. Yeah, they're they're called. Gods. And so you're you're trying to say that Jesus is a man and now he's become. Tom Huszti: OK. Sean Finnegan: God. So like you could just imagine a like an evangelism encounter going like that. And if you don't have that Jewish sensibility to say, well, hold on a second.SpeakerThere's only. Sean Finnegan: One God, and that's the supreme God who created everything. You can just see like Christian saying well. Yeah, I guess so. Like in that way of thinking. Yeah, he's a God. So now people. Start calling Jesus God. And now the question becomes well, in what sense has he got? Does he have a beginning before he was a human, you know, and you're just operating in a totally foreign. World View, mindscape than the Jewish mode, which is the Jewish mode, sees Jesus doing miracles and they say how great it is that God has given such authority to men. Tom Huszti: Right. Sean Finnegan: What do they say when they see a miracle in the book of acts, when Paul and Barnabas? Tom Huszti: Right. Sean Finnegan: You know, get that guy filled. Tom Huszti: The gods are come down to us, the gods. Sean Finnegan: Of course, that's what they. Said that's what they believe could happen, right? We really have two different thought worlds that are combining in in weird and innovative ways. And that's just like one step along the path that leads to the doctrine of the Trinity, which doesn't really get fully developed until the late 4th century. Tom Huszti: Yeah, yeah. Oh yeah. Tom Huszti: So Paul is trying to emphasize that Jesus is a human being, a second Adam. So that has a different flavor to it, like you have to. Paula is using the first Adam story to introduce the second Adam. And this is a glorified human being who is residing in heaven until God sends him back. That's a different. Category isn't it? For the Greco Roman mine? Sean Finnegan: Yeah, they don't. They don't. That doesn't. That doesn't make sense to them. You know, it's just that's just weird. That's like resurrection. Like, why do you want your body back? And what did Christianity do with that one? We get rid of it. You go to any funeral like unless it's somebody from my own group of churches, network of churches, or maybe like one or one or two other denominations. Right. Like you go to a funeral. What 99% of the? Funerals you go to they. Say this person is now in heaven and their soul. Whatever you know, they make up all this stuff. You know, it sounds just like the Greco Roman stuff from the ancient times. It doesn't sound. Like the Bible. Tom Huszti: Right, yes. Can you imagine sitting in the audience when Paul was preaching from the Acropolis? Sean Finnegan: Not to me. Tom Huszti: Can you put yourself in the in the shoes of a a Greek sitting in the audience hearing this message for the first time? And you know the setting. What would have impressed you or what you already mentioned this earlier but like if you as an individual were doing this? What would be going through your mind? Given your background and context. Sean Finnegan: Well, I think. There's a lot of misunderstanding going on. And and that's just normal. We shouldn't be upset about that. We should expect that. I think we see the same thing today. In the 21st century, where you try to explain something and somebody just doesn't get it, who's not a Christian, and I think that's what was happening here. And what happened is Paul is is evangelizing people. He's talking to people in the marketplace, his Jewish sensibilities, I think, are offended by seeing a city full of idols. It's just as somebody who was raised with the 10 Commandments, it's offensive. I mean, it's offensive to most Christians. Well, I don't say most, but many Christians today are offended. By seeing idols and statues and seeing people actually worshiping them, Paul is very disturbed by this. He's trying to to help. He's reasoning in the synagogue. And also in the marketplace every day. You've got the Epicureans, you've got the Stoics there, and then they say this is act 1718, he says. He seems to be a preacher of foreign deities. Because he was preaching Jesus and the resurrection and see the word resurrection, there is Anastasia. Tom Huszti: OK. It's a Greek. Sean Finnegan: Word it means resurrection. You know, stand up again, but it seems like. And I I think some translations might do it this way, that they're thinking that. Jesus is 1 divinity. And they think that Paul saying that Jesus is divine being, which is interesting, right in light of what I said just a minute ago. And then the other thing they think resurrection is is another divinity. Right. So there's just. Misunderstandings all over the place. They're. Like you know, it seems like he's bringing in some new gods. Let's go here. What these new gods have to say, he's kind of like you. Remember. Back in the old days, kids would collect baseball cards. Or like when my kids were little, it was Pokémon cards. And you know, you trade with each other. This one, it's like gods to the, to the Athenians. You know, they're like, oh, you've got that. Tell me about that. God, I let me tell you. Tom Huszti: OK. Sean Finnegan: The story about this. One you know, so they're. Tom Huszti: Yes, yes. Sean Finnegan: Interested. And they put them up there and they say, OK, what is this new teaching? Tell us what this is all. About and so we know. There's going to be misunderstanding. We know there's going to be confusion, but that's no reason not to get started. And so he does. He starts in a very friendly and flattering way. Tom Huszti: He used their own poets. Their own poetry. Yeah, yeah. Sean Finnegan: He's building the bridge as much as he can to their thought world, but at the same time. He's so disturbed. Buy the idolatry that like he just. He just wants to hit that, you know, like it's just and it's not. It's not out of sense of superiority. I don't think. I think it's a sense of empathy and compassion. And so it just starts in with, like, explaining who God is. And he's like there's a God above everything else that made everything else. And he doesn't need you. He doesn't need you to. To offer animals. And he believed in animal sacrifice. I don't know if he still believed in animal sacrifice or not, but he believed in it. At least most of his life. And still, he's just like, look, he doesn't need. He doesn't need anything. God is radically. What do they say? Ah, say he's not contingent or dependent on us for anything, and that's not. How they thought about their Greek gods. They thought their Greek gods needed to be cared for. They believed that the Greek gods created humans to do the work for them, so they didn't have to do the work all the time, including feeding them these sacrifices that nourish them.SpeakerRight. Tom Huszti: Right, right. Tom Huszti: A hutch. Sean Finnegan: You know it's a. Tom Huszti: Very the gods. They were very dependent. They're their gods, were very dependent. Sean Finnegan: They needed a bunch of slaves to do all the hard work of cultivating the lands, raising the animals, planting the vegetables, do all the things so that they could be properly cared for and fed. And if you didn't do that, then they messed with you. They stopped the rain, or they brought war or whatever, you know. So that's the kind of thing he's coming against here. And he says, look there the the God who made the world and everything in it, Lord of heaven and Earth, does not need temples. This is a radical message. I mean, it's just like. You're in a. City, now that I've been there, like I've literally seen the temples.SpeakerWith my or. Tom Huszti: Not they're still there. They're still there. Tom remnants. Amazing. Sean Finnegan: Wow, there's actually, when I was there was scaffolding all around it. You know, they're always restoring these things because of the weather erosion and what, you know, but. Tom Huszti: OK. Sean Finnegan: You know, massive, massive. Structures unquestionable. You don't go to a Greek ancient Greek city and say God doesn't need tempo. Tom Huszti: Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. Sean Finnegan: You know that they. Would really get their attention, it's. Like, wow, what is this guy saying? Tom Huszti: Yeah, I can imagine. What would it like these temples were full of pillars and the structure would have been probably unprecedented structures. Sean Finnegan: Yeah, yeah. I mean, we're looking at structures that are so impressive that if you didn't live in a city. If you live somewhere out in the country, you can't in the city. It would just take your breath away and then going into the temple itself, seeing most cities, temples they have what's called an apps, which is kind of like the back curved area where they had the statue itself and to see, you know, this huge statue. The artistry was magnificent. And you know, I've seen this where I think I saw this in a museum in Ephesus, on site, they have a little Ephesus museum there. And they had the head of Domitian. Which is a Roman. And it looked like a baby head. The proportions were all wrong. You know, just you know how, like, baby heads look. Weird, I don't know really how to describe it like there. May be a little spot. Tom Huszti: Oh yeah, yeah. Compared to the rest. Of the body you mean? Sean Finnegan: No, no, it was just the head. It was just the head and it and it. It looked like a baby head. And I asked my team. I was a part of a class at Boston University. I asked my teacher. I'm like, what's the deal with this? Why does it look like a baby head? And he just kind of laughed a little bit. And he said. Tom Huszti: Or it was just a hat? A hat. OK, OK. Sean Finnegan: Get low. Imagine this being 20 feet up in the air. Change your perspective and look at it again and it was exactly right. If you got. Low and looked at that same head. Of the mission. From that angle that you would see it. From the ground. All the proportions were perfect. Tom Huszti: So it was designed to be looked up to right? Sean Finnegan: So we're looking at people that have the. Artistry of the skill. Well, to to you know to like factor in perspective and angle. You know what I mean? Like that's something I would never think of you.SpeakerOh yeah. Sean Finnegan: Know. Of course I'm. Not a sculptor, but you know. I mean, you come in and you and you're.Speaker 5Confronted by this? Sean Finnegan: Stone object that is beautifully done. You just takes your breath away. For anyone to question it. It would just be like. What are you talking about, man? Everybody believes in this. And then there's a parade where they bring the portable idols through the city, and then they end up out front of the temple and you get a big barbecue and everybody's rejoicing and you know, the Jews and the Christians are just like, we're not going, we're going to stay home free. Tom Huszti: Oh yeah. Tom Huszti: Neat, right? And they're they're. Sean Finnegan: Well, free meat. Tom Huszti: For the pagans, right? Yeah. For the pagans. Right. Right. Yeah. Do you happen to know this story about the Roman general? Was it Pompeii that when he came into Jerusalem? And he was going to go into the holiest of holies, and the priests were. Standing in the way. And he ordered several, several of them killed with a sword. He wanted to see what the God of Israel looked like, and and he entered in the Holy, Holy Holiest of Holies. After these priests gave their life and he found nothing. What a surprise, right? Yeah. Yeah. So, so the Paul is preaching the same unseen God, but he's preaching the Jewish Messiah, who was seen, who was raised from the dead. Exalted into heaven, and whom God made judge over the earth. So this is the Athenians are being told that this Jesus God gave authority to for judgment, and that the world will be judged by him. Sean Finnegan: Yeah, even before that, you know, just talking about how you mentioned that Paul quoted a couple of their poets. You know that in him we move and have our being, we live and move and have our being and the other statement for we indeed are his offspring. You know, there's a lot of depends on how deep you want to go in this town. But like, there's a lot going on. The schools of the philosophers. Tom Huszti: You know, delve into it? Sure. Sure. Please. Sean Finnegan: OK, so so you have the Epicureans. Founded by Epicurus, and then you have the Stoics founded by Zeno, and they are just. Like total opposites? Right. So the the goal of the Epicurean is to to seek pleasure. Tom Huszti: OK. Sean Finnegan: But not in a primitive like spring break frat party way. You know where, like you just go crazy, and then you you're in pain and suffering the next morning. That's amateur hour. For that, you'd be curious. Or maximizing pleasure over the course of your entire life. Tom Huszti: OK. OK. Sean Finnegan: What would maximize my pleasure, and the Epicureans tended to say that either the gods don't exist, or they exist, but they don't care about us. So you don't need to worry about the gods. There's a lot of precursors to modern atheism and agnosticism there, but the Stoics are saying, ohh pleasure is bad and you got to serve the gods. You have civil duty. The Stoics tended to be the ones in charge of the cities, and the Stoics are absolutely convinced pleasure is. Inherently sinful, like any kind of any kind of pursuit of bodily pleasure, is well, I would say, at least, question. Bowl, but probably like if you could really live without food that tastes really good, or beds that are nice and soft, or a woman's touch or a man's touch if you're. A woman, you. Know like that you would be happier, you would live the good life. So the philosophers are all all about Greek philosophers in particular, or all about how do you lead the good life? Then

We're time-travelling all the way back to January this year to revisit a conversation on the Ultra Zone stage at The National Running Show in Birmingham with The Running Channel's James Dunn.Jody and Allie host the interview on the stage, so the sound is a little different from our normal podcast. In other words, it's ok. Love the podcast and these videos? Buy us a beer! https://www.buymeacoffee.com/badboyrunning Join the Bad Boy Running Facebook group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/badboyrunning Visit the Bad Boy Running store for merchandise: https://store.badboyrunning.com Join the Bad Boy Running Club here: https://club.badboyr...

This is a presentation I gave at the 2022 Unitarian Christian Alliance Conference. The topic is on the biblical definition of worship, the meaning of the eucharist, whether or not early Christianity worshiped Jesus, and what that means for Christians today. I mention Larry Hurtado, Joshua Sijuwade, James Dunn, Thomas Aquinas, Richard Rubenstein, Sean Finnegan, Pliny the Elder, John Calvin, Martin Luther, Ulrich Zwingli, and more. Unitarian Christian Alliance 2023: https://www.unitarianchristianalliance.org/ Personal Update: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WJvcrgL79BY Original Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BsKU9YRS8KI&t=7s

Yorkshire Grit is here to tackle some of the biggest issues in men's mental health, including within sport. Hosted by Tommy Bustard and with special guests each episode -

Hallmark Playhouse, originally broadcast April 28, 1949, A Tree Grows in Brooklyn. An adaptation of the Best Seller about a young girl growing up in New York City, and her relationship with her father. James Dunn and Connie Marshall star. Also Claudia, originally broadcast April 28, 1948, Chicken in the Oven. Mama has returned to New York. It's 7:30 in the morning and Claudia and David are driving to the train. Visit my web page - http://www.classicradio.streamWe receive no revenue from YouTube. If you enjoy our shows, listen via the links on our web page or if you're so inclined, Buy me a coffee! https://www.buymeacoffee.com/wyattcoxelAHeard on almost 100 radio stations from coast to coast. Classic Radio Theater features great radio programs that warmed the hearts of millions for the better part of the 20th century. Host Wyatt Cox brings the best of radio classics back to life with both the passion of a long-time (as in more than half a century) fan and the heart of a forty-year newsman. But more than just “playing the hits”, Wyatt supplements the first hour of each day's show with historical information on the day and date in history including audio that takes you back to World War II, Korea, and Vietnam. FDR, Eisenhower, JFK, Reagan, Carter, Nixon, LBJ. It's a true slice of life from not just radio's past, but America's past.Wyatt produces 21 hours a week of freshly minted Classic Radio Theater presentations each week, and each day's broadcast is timely and entertaining!

In this episode, we analyze the Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy, a document drafted in 1978 and signed by over 200 evangelical scholars and church leaders. The Chicago Statement articulates the formal evangelical understanding of the doctrine of inerrancy, which states that the Bible is without error in everything that it affirms, including modern conceptions of history and science. I argue that the doctrine of inerrancy as outlined by the Chicago Statement undermines both the authority of scripture and our ability to interpret the Bible historically. We will go line-by-line through the text and explore both the strengths and inconsistencies of this historical doctrinal summary. I will ultimately argue that the categories of authority, reliability, and inspiration are superior to inerrancy and allow us to faithfully interpret the Bible in its historical context without imposing upon it our modern intellectual ideas and categories.   Media Referenced:The Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrency: https://www.etsjets.org/files/documents/Chicago_Statement.pdfThe Chicago Statement Wikipedia Page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Statement_on_Biblical_InerrancyThe Scandal of the Evangelical Mind, Mark Noll:  https://a.co/d/9jYqzgoDeserting the King, David Beldman: https://a.co/d/i87rl02Jesus Remembered, James Dunn: https://a.co/d/3bIc5PxMy Episode on Biblical Interpretation: https://theprotestantlibertarianpodcast.buzzsprout.com/1978104/10705266Timothy Price on Biblical Inerrancy: https://theprotestantlibertarianpodcast.buzzsprout.com/1978104/11181723Conversation on Biblical Anarchy Podcast, Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tXjzzEoegXA&t=1082sDaniel 3 Podcast, Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/nl/podcast/daniel-3-ep-92-protestantism-and-inerrancy-w/id1575925285?i=1000596725706Daniel 3 Podcast, Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/3qxdj7JzZzsWdcKf19nJpQ?si=SJgHiIMBQEacTQQwC2OGXw The Protestant Libertarian Podcast is a project of the Libertarian Christian Institute and a part of the Christians For Liberty Network. The Libertarian Christian Institute can be found at www.libertarianchristians.com.Questions, comments, suggestions? Please reach out to me at theprotestantlibertarian@gmail.com.  You can also follow the podcast on Twitter: @prolibertypod. For more about the show, you can go to theprotestantlibertarianpodcast.com. If you like the show and want to support it, you can! Check out the Protestant Libertarian Podcast page at https://www.buymeacoffee.com/theplpodcast. Also, please consider giving me a star rating and leaving me a review, it really helps expand the shows profile! Thanks!

In the nineteenth episode of Season 8 (Coming-of-Ages) Kyle is joined by editor Katy Baldwin and screenwriter August Gummere to discuss Elia Kazan's first foray into filmmaking and assessing the complexities of the American project by adapting Betty Smith's coming-of-age novel of individual dreams, a developing city, and country in fluctuation that is A Tree Grows in Brooklyn (1945).

Lindsay and Madison discuss Oscar James Dunn, as well as how many organizations one man can be a part of, that you should always trust your gut, and how racism can almost erase an entire person from history. The third in our Black History Month series. Information pulled from the following sources: 2022 The French Quarterly Magazine article by Kim Welsh 2021 The Historic New Orleans Collection article by Nick Weldon 2017 Atlas Obscura article by Chelsea Adams 2017 New Orleans TriPod article 2017 The New Orleans Tribune article 2011 University of New Orleans ScholarWorks article by Brian Mitchell 2013 64 Parishes article by Charles Vincent 2008 Black Past article by Herbert G. Ruffin II Wikipedia Go check out Countryboy over at the One Mic Black History podcast. Podcasts About POC By POC To Add To Your List It's a Continent! • The Horn of Africa Since 1270 • That Wasn't In My Textbook • The Humanity Archive • Black History Year • Black History Bootcamp • The Stoop • Black History for White People • Noire Histoir • Black History Bites • The Coin: Black History On The Other Side • Black History Buff • Black History Moments • Wiki History • One Mic: Black History From lowering sodium to going vegan, fuel your New Year's #CartGoals with free delivery on your first order via Instacart. Min. $10 req. Terms apply. Become a member on Buy Me A Coffee for as little as $1/month to support the show.  You can write to us at: Ye Olde Crime Podcast, PO Box 341, Wyoming, MN 55092. Join the conversation over at the Cultiv8 Discord and join the Olde Crimers Cubby to chat with us and other listeners of the show. Leave us a rating and review on Apple Podcasts, Podchaser, Spotify or Goodpods! Don't forget to follow us on Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, TikTok, and YouTube. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Today we discuss the last of us episode 2 & 3, James Dunn, Dc announcements, and HBO's terrible new Velma show. Hope you enjoy and join us next week!!!!Watch Highlights & Animations on our YouTube: Nerds With A Side Of FriesFollow us on Instagram at @nerdswithasideoffries  Ask us anything! Tells us anything you want us to talk about! Come hang out with more nerds

Dr. Andrew Perriman has a PhD from the London Bible College, He is involved with a missional church in Westbourne Grove, London, and he the author of multiple books. In this interview we mostly talk about his newest book "In the Form of a god: The Pre-Existence of the Exalted Christ in Paul". We mention NT Wright, James Dunn, Richard Bauckham, Gordon Fee, James McGrath, Eusebius of Caesarea, Constantine the Great, and more. Andrew's Blog: https://www.postost.net/ The Book: https://www.amazon.com/Form-God-Pre-existence-Exalted-Christology/dp/166673067X

Welcome back to Nerds With A side of Fries, Today we discuss Dc cancelling everything, can James Dunn pull it off? The game awards result/trailers & a stressful world cup recap.  Hope you enjoy see you guys next week!!Watch Highlights & Animations on our YouTube: Nerds With A Side Of FriesFollow us on Instagram at @nerdswithasideoffries  Ask us anything! Tells us anything you want us to talk about! Come hang out with more nerds

Pastor Jeffrey was able to sit down with Rev. Dr. James Dunn, the current president of Oklahoma Wesleyan University in Bartlesville Oklahoma. They talk about higher education for Nowata area youth, what OKWU has to offer that other state schools don't, and what goes into forming good people in the future. In light of today's anxieties around CRT, wokism, and ideological drift in institutions, this conversation is more interesting than one might think on first glance.

Marty Solomon and Brent Billings are joined by special guest Dr. Gary Burge, author of Interpreting the Gospel of John, and one of the foremost authorities on John. He was a professor at Wheaton College for 25 years and now serves as a New Testament scholar at Calvin Theological Seminary.Gary M. Burge, Professor of New Testament — Calvin Theological SeminaryInterpreting the Gospel of John by Gary M. BurgeJames Dunn — WikipediaThe Anointed Community by Gary M. BurgeSociety of Biblical LiteratureC. H. Dodd — WikipediaJohn Robinson — WikipediaThe Gospel of John: A Commentary by Rudolf BultmannJohn's Wisdom by Ben Witherington IIIActs: An Exegetical Commentary by Craig S. KeenerThe Gospel of John: A Commentary by Craig S. KeenerThe Historical Reliability of John's Gospel by Craig L. BlombergJesus the Purifier: John's Gospel and the Fourth Quest for the Historical Jesus by Craig L. BlombergJohn: The NIV Application Commentary by Gary M. BurgeThe Letters of John: The NIV Application Commentary by Gary M. BurgeThe New Testament in Antiquity by Gary M. Burge and Gene L. Green“The Fifth Gospel — Interview with Gary Burge” — GTI Tours Podcast #4“Why Context Matters — Interview with Dr. Gary Burge” — GTI Tours Podcast #45Gary Burge's WebsiteBanias Archaeological Dig of 2020 — YouTubeAdditional audio production by Gus Simpson Special Guest: Gary Burge.

Claudia meets Professor Elizabeth Stokoe author of 'Crisis Talks' whose research shows when preventing a suicide, that words really do matter and can save lives during a crisis. Through analysing real time recordings of actual conversations between people in crisis and police negotiators, new findings highlight what can work and what doesn't. And are you good with faces? Dr James Dunn from the University of New South Wales explains his new research on the top 2% who are so called 'super recognisers'. Plus Science writer David Robson reports on the big neuroscience conference from San Diego with news of sleeping spiders and seeing faces in clouds. Presenter: Claudia Hammond Producer: Erika Wright

James Dunn joined the podcast ahead of his upcoming title fight for Combat Night: Duval in Jacksonville, FL, Saturday November 5th! Follow @Comments From The Peanut Gallery for more MMA and combat sports content! This episode of Comments From The Peanut Gallery is presented by Greater Than Detail and Impact Mouthguards and you can use the promo code PEANUTGALLERY Book your next auto detail appointment at https://www.greaterthandetail.com Shop Impact Mouthguards with our referral link for savings! https://www.impactmouthguards.com/?ref=cftpg Use coupon code PEANUTGALLERY for 10% off Impact Mouthguards products. Please like, share, and subscribe! Follow us online! IG: https://www.instagram.com/commentsfromthepeanutgallery FB: https://www.facebook.com/commentsfromthepeanutgallery Twitter: https://twitter.com/peanutpodcast --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/cftpg/support

Have you heard of the Gospel of Thomas? What about the Gospel of Philip or Judas? Although most Christians are only familiar with the four Gospels contained in the Bible, ancient Christians wrote quite a few other Gospels as well. How do we know which Gospels are to be trusted? My guest today is Dr. Simon Gathercole, professor of New Testament and early Christianity at the University of Cambridge. His new book, The Gospel and the Gospels, puts forward a commonsense historical methodology to determine which Gospels are most reliable. Listen to this episode on Spotify or Apple Podcasts https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RsGhQVsPdvs —— Links —— Get your copy of The Gospel and the Gospels from Eerdmans or on Amazon More about Simon Gathercole here. See also my interview with Aaron Shelenberger: Episode 444 Resurrection Objection 1: Unreliable Gospels? More podcasts on apologetics here Support Restitutio by donating here Designate Restitutio as your charity of choice for Amazon purchases Join our Restitutio Facebook Group and follow Sean Finnegan on Twitter @RestitutioSF Leave a voice message via SpeakPipe with questions or comments and we may play them out on the air Intro music: Good Vibes by MBB Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-SA 3.0) Free Download / Stream: Music promoted by Audio Library. Who is Sean Finnegan?  Read his bio here —— Interview Questions —— Dr. Gathercole is professor of NT and early Christianity at the University of Cambridge. He's got degrees from Cambridge and Durham university, where he studied under James Dunn. Before we jump into the book, what was that like studying under Dunn?Well, today, we're talking about your book The Gospel in the Gospels. Writing this book must have been a monumental task. It's 576 pages, hundreds of footnotes, published by Eerdmans, how long were you working on this project? Share a little about the process.Many don't know there were other Gospels that didn't make it into the New Testament. Outside of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John, what other Gospels are there? What are they like?How can someone access these other Gospels? Would you recommend the Lost Scriptures by Bart Ehrman or The Complete Gospels by Robert Miller? or your own volume?You've done a lot of work on non-canonical Gospels over the years. What drew you to them? What about them makes them worth studying?Some say the four canonical Gospels--Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John--are not special or authoritative, but merely the ones favored by one group of Christians who managed to seize power and suppress all others. How common is this belief in the academy today? What is the central thesis of your book?How have others made the case that the canonical Gospels are best? (1 early composition, 2 massive popularity, 3 literary type of ancient biography, 4 attractiveness of worldview)You focused on theological content. You talk a lot about the kerygma as the comparator (or measuring stick against which each of the Gospels should be evaluated). What is the kerygma?What are the elements of the kerygma? (1 Jesus as Christ, 2 vicarious death, 3 resurrection, 4 crucifixion and resurrection as fulfillment of scripture). Why not include Jesus healing people or other events like his Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem?Let's go through each of these briefly. What did you find with respect to Jesus as the Christ? When you compared the canonical vs. non-canonical gospels?Now, the other Gospels, the non-canonical ones, do not have all four of these components. Why do you think that is? What do you think motivated them to edit or silence these elements of the kerygma?Let's talk briefly about the charge sometimes leveled against John as untrustworthy because it's later or too theological or whatever. How does John fare in comparison to the synoptics?How has your work on this been received in the academy so far?What do you hope to see in the future?Thanks for taking the time to talk with me today. Where can people go to find out more about you and the book?

David Gornoski starts the episode by reporting on a shocking story around the hiring practices in Polk County's School District. Joining David Gornoski to expand on this troubling news is political consultant and activist, Dr. James Dunn. Should bureaucracies be left without transparency while parents risk their children's well-being? Visit A Neighbor's Choice website at aneighborschoice.com

Today on the Wise Dome Podcast…We are lucky to have with us James Dunn. He is a mindset and performance coach who supports his clients in reaching their full potential and opening their minds to life's possibilities.He has helped many people figure out what motivates them and get past any beliefs holding them back. James' mission is to help his clients achieve their goals and make positive changes in their lives.James has never been on the easiest of paths. He was raised in a household where his father was an alcoholic. He was arrested for attempted armed robbery at 17, had two children at 21, and was divorced twice when he was 25.In this episode, James takes us on a journey through his life, showing us how he overcame those obstacles. He also discusses how limiting beliefs can prevent us from achieving our goals.His perseverance after discovering personal development will inspire you. Throughout this talk, you'll learn steps you can take right now to move closer to realizing your goals.James also provides a fantastic insight into how we often get caught up in worrying about how to make our dreams a reality rather than doing something small every day to take us closer to that dream. He also stressed the need to take action even if we do not see immediate results. Persistence will eventually bring you closer to success.James' advice to entrepreneurs:"Understand that you only have to be one step ahead of someone to help them. People will relate to you so much more when you seem within reach of where they are, but if you're a hundred steps ahead of them (the multi-millionaire flying all over the world) they're going to have a much harder time seeing themselves in your shoes, so don't be afraid to be real or feel like you have to have everything figured out to start."James' offer:Become part of James' supportive community that will hold your hand through the journey of setting yourself free from your limiting beliefs.Connect with him through his Facebook group. Learn more:  Master Your MindsetIf you loved today's episode, please subscribe and drop us a review! It's how we can keep the podcast going and growing with your favorite content!Connect with us!Facebook: Support the showIf you loved today's episode, please subscribe and drop us a review! It's how we can keep the podcast going and growing with your favourite content! Connect with us! Facebook: WiseDomePodcast Instagram: @wisedomepodcast Website : wisedomepodcast.com **LOOKING FOR A PLATFORM TO HELP YOU SHARE CONTENT, BUILD YOUR MEMBERSHIP, AND TEACH YOUR COURSES?**DID YOU KNOW?!!Wisdome is also a Gold winner in the International Titan Awards for Best E-learning Platform? Check us out and learn more at https://wisdome.com.auSTART FREE HERE: https://offer.wisdome.com.au Discover the all-in-one place to share content, grow your community, deliver coaching programs, and teach life-changing courses! Learn how to start sharing your knowledge online, from planning your knowledge business and clarifying your message to building trust and growing your brand. Join us for special offers and unlock access to Wisdome – the all-in-one solution for managing your content. Register ...

Today on the Wise Dome Podcast… We are lucky to have with us James Dunn. He is a mindset and performance coach who supports his clients in reaching their full potential and opening their minds to life's possibilities. He has helped many people figure out what motivates them and get past any beliefs holding them back. James' mission is to help his clients achieve their goals and make positive changes in their lives. James has never been on the easiest of paths. He was raised in a household where his father was an alcoholic. He was arrested for attempted armed robbery at 17, had two children at 21, and was divorced twice when he was 25. In this episode, James takes us on a journey through his life, showing us how he overcame those obstacles. He also discusses how limiting beliefs can prevent us from achieving our goals. His perseverance after discovering personal development will inspire you. Throughout this talk, you'll learn steps you can take right now to move closer to realizing your goals. James also provides a fantastic insight into how we often get caught up in worrying about how to make our dreams a reality rather than doing something small every day to take us closer to that dream. He also stressed the need to take action even if we do not see immediate results. Persistence will eventually bring you closer to success. James' advice to entrepreneurs: "Understand that you only have to be one step ahead of someone to help them. People will relate to you so much more when you seem within reach of where they are, but if you're a hundred steps ahead of them (the multi-millionaire flying all over the world) they're going to have a much harder time seeing themselves in your shoes, so don't be afraid to be real or feel like you have to have everything figured out to start." James' offer: Become part of James' supportive community that will hold your hand through the journey of setting yourself free from your limiting beliefs. Connect with him through his Facebook group. Learn more: Master Your Mindset If you loved today's episode, please subscribe and drop us a review! It's how we can keep the podcast going and growing with your favorite content! Connect with us! Facebook: WiseDomePodcast Instagram: @wisedomepodcast Website : wisedomepodcast.com

Fox's Pizza, Guinness, the Cork and Kerry Irish Pub, Madden Funds and Flood Brothers Disposal present the Hibernian Radio Hour as we continue on our First Responders Tour at The Cork and Kerry Pub on Western Avenue and this week we welcome retired CPD veteran, James Dunn to the show. James grew up on the […]

From a troubled teen to figuring the life out that he wanted and was made for, James Dunn joins me on the podcast today! I'm so excited about this! James tells us all about his life growing up and how he became the person that he is today.  This episode is something that I think everyone can relate to at some point in their lives, so I hope you'll give it a listen!  You can find James here:  https://www.instagram.com/therealjamesdunn https://www.therealjamesdunn.com And follow along with me here:  https://www.instagram.com/amandaclarkstudios

In this fun-filled emotional episode, Jo Jo interviews Mindset Coach James Dunn. Be inspired by the strength and vulnerability James offers to you as he shares how he helps people overcome limiting beliefs. Thankfully, James' past struggles led him to a life of positivity and freedom that has spilled over into his career as a coach, helping to support one person at a time.    There are multiple ways you can connect with James and experience his ripple of positivity, so don't miss out! You can follow him on Facebook @therealjamesdunn, and you can also join his free Facebook Community Master Your Mindset! There are two ways you can enjoy a daily dose of James and one is by texting the word "DAILY" to 1-618-266-3207 to receive daily motivational text messages or follow him on Instagram @therealjamesdunn. Here is the link to Jo Jo's FAVORITE dose of motivation on instagram! What's your favorite post by @therealjamesdunn?   Enjoying the podcast? It would be so great if you would share with others, like, rate and write a brief review! We know you know someone who could use a dose of positivity! Email Jo Jo at info@jojosdance.com, send a PM to our instagram @jojos.dance or join the Successfully Unstuck! Facebook community where you can share your wins and be encouraged.     Let's Get Movin'!

"Are you letting your past determine your future?""Are you letting your past stop you from living on purpose?"In this episode entrepreneur and mindset coach James Dunn faced some challenges in his past that could have prevented him from changing his life but he decided that for things to change he had to change. James shares in this interview how he overcomes the challenges that he was facing and decided to live on the purpose that is on his life. Find Out More About James Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TheRealJamesDunn Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/therealjamesdunn Master Your Mindset: https://www.facebook.com/groups/3043844019265116 Email: james@therealjamesdunn.com Find Out More About A Life With Purpose Podcast Website: A Life With Purpose Podcast Follow A Life With Purpose Podcast On Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/A-Life-With-Purpose-Podcast-100416749168674/?ref=pages_you_manage Follow A Life With Purpose Podcast On Instagram: www.instagram.com/alifewithpurpose4 Follow Darren On Linkedln:https://www.linkedin.com/in/darren-mckoy-53150a234 If you find this show interesting and gain value from it please Subscribe, Share leave a Review as well as a Rating on all the major podcast platforms. Check out all the previous episodes on All Podcast Platforms Subscribe To A Life With Purpose Podcast: https://darren-mckoy.mykajabi.com/a-life-with-purpose-podcast?preview_theme_id=2150934936

The New Perspective On Paul ReExaminedHave you heard of the "new perspective on Paul"? Ever wondered what it is? Well In this episode of The Remnant Radio we will be examining the origins and inspecting the validity of this "new perspective". As we look at the new perspective we will primarily engage with material from E.P. Sanders, N.T. Wright, and James Dunn as they are the most Influential voices who have promoted and popularised the New Perspective On Paul. Time permitting, we will be explaining the three major Interpretive insights that the NPP offers and contrasting these lenses against Protestant and Roman Catholic positions. It should be an exciting episode! I will see you all at 4PM CST!Donate (Paypal)https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=GC2Z86XHHG4X6___________________________________________________________________________________Exclusive Content (Patreon)https://www.patreon.com/TheRemnantRadio__________________________________________________________________________________We're social! Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TheRemnantRadioInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/theremnantradio/___________________________________________________________________________________Our Favorite Bookshttps://www.amazon.com/shop/theremnantradio___________________________________________________________________________________Michael Rowntree's Church Bridgewayhttps://www.bridgewaychurch.com/___________________________________________________________________________________Michael Miller's Church Reclamation Churchhttps://reclamationdenver.com/___________________________________________________________________________________Kairos Classroom: Use Promo Code Remnant for 10% offhttps://kairosclassroom.com/classes__________________________________________________________________________________The Gospel Of Mark Group Packets https://the-remnant-radio.creator-spring.com/listing/the-gospel-of-mark-workbooks__________________________________________________________________________________Download Free Ebookhttp://eepurl.com/hSCQRv

Welcome back to Season 4 of Couture & Construction! We are an uplifting podcast dedicated to the many different aspects of the luxury building industry.For the month of April we are going to be jumping into the details of design. This week we will be diving into the details that go into millwork, no one represents that better than the incredibly knowledgable James Dunn!We sit down with James to discuss millwork, as well as how he navigates staying detail oriented. He also gives some fun insight into some of his projects, including one that he's been working on for years!Follow James Dunn:WebsiteInstagram

Qualcomm is the world's largest fabless semiconductor designer. The name Qualcomm is a mashup of  Quality and Communications and communications has been a hallmark of the company since its founding. They began in satellite communications and today most every smartphone has a Qualcomm chip. The ubiquity of communications in our devices and everyday lives has allowed them a $182 billion market cap as of the time of this writing.  Qualcomm began with far humbler beginnings. They emerged out of a company called Linkabit in 1985. Linkabit was started by Irwin Jacobs, Leonard Kleinrock, and Andrew Viterbi - all three former graduate students at MIT.  Viterbi moved to California to take a job with JPL in Pasadena, where he worked on satellites. He then went off to UCLA where he developed what we now call the Viterti algorithm, for encoding and decoding digital communications. Jacobs worked on a book called Principles of Communication Engineering after getting his doctorate at MIT. Jacobs then took a year of leave to work at JPL after he met Viterbi in the early 1960s and the two hit it off. By 1966, Jacobs was a professor at the University of California, San Diego. Kleinrock was at UCLA by then and the three realized they had too many consulting efforts between them, but if they consolidated the request they could pool their resources. Eventually Jacobs and Viterbi left and Kleinrock got busy working on the first ARPANET node when it was installed at UCLA. Jerry Heller, Andrew Cohen, Klein Gilhousen, and James Dunn eventually moved into the area to work at Linkabit and by the 1970s Jacobs was back to help design telecommunications for satellites. They'd been working to refine the theories from Claude Shannon's time at MIT and Bell Labs and were some of the top names in the industry on the work. And the space race needed a lot of this type of work. They did their work on Scientific Data Systems computers in an era before that company was acquired by Xerox. Much as Claude Shannon got started thinking of data loss as it pertains to information theory while trying to send telegraphs over barbed wire, they refined that work thinking about sending images from mars to earth.  Others from MIT worked on other space projects as a part of missions. Many of those early employees were Viterbi's PhD students and they were joined by Joseph Odenwalder, who took Viterbi's decoding work and combined it with a previous dissertation out of MIT when he joined Linkabit. That got used in the Voyager space probes and put Linkabit on the map. They were hiring some of the top talent in digital communications and were able to promote not only being able to work with some of the top minds in the industry but also the fact that they were in beautiful San Diego, which appealed to many in the Boston or MIT communities during harsh winters. As solid state electronics got cheaper and the number of transistors more densely packed into those wafers, they were able to exploit the ability to make hardware and software for military applications by packing digital signal processors that had previously taken a Sigma from SDS into smaller and smaller form factors, like the Linkabit Microprocessor, which got Viterbi's algorithm for encoding data into a breadboard and a chip.  The work continued with defense contractors and suppliers. They built modulation and demodulation for UHF signals for military communications. That evolved into a Command Post Modem/Processor they sold, or CPM/P for short. They made modems for the military in the 1970s, some of which remained in production until the 1990s. And as they turned their way into the 1980s, they had more than $10 million in revenue.  The UC San Diego program grew in those years, and the Linkabit founders had more and more local talent to choose from. Linkabit developed tools to facilitate encoded communications over commercial satellites as well. They partnered with companies like IBM and developed smaller business units they were able to sell off. They also developed a tool they called VideoCipher to encode video, which HBO and others used to do what we later called scrambling on satellite signals. As we rounded the corner into the 1990s, though, they turned their attention to cellular services with TDMA (Time-Division Multiple Access), an early alternative to CDMA. Along the way, Linkabit got acquired by a company called MACOM in 1980 for $25 million. The founders liked that the acquirer was a fellow PhD from MIT and Linkabit stayed separate but grew quickly with the products they were introducing. As with most acquisitions, the culture changed and by 1985 the founders were gone. The VideoCipher and other units were sold off, spun off, or people just left and started new companies. Information theory was decades old at this point, plenty of academic papers had been published, and everyone who understood the industry knew that digital telecommunications was about to explode; a perfect storm for defections. Qualcomm Over the course of the next few years over two dozen companies were born as the alumni left and by 2003, 76 companies were founded by Linkabit alumni, including four who went public. One of the companies that emerged included the Linkabit founders Irwin Jacobs and Andrew Viterbi, Begun in 1985, Qualcomm is also based in San Diego. The founders had put information theory into practice at Linkabit and seen that the managers who were great at finance just weren't inspiring to scientists.  Qualcomm began with consulting and research, but this time looked for products to take to market. They merged with a company called Omninet and the two released the OmniTRACS satellite communication system for trucking and logistical companies. They landed Schneider National and a few other large customers and grew to over 600 employees in those first five years. It remained a Qualcomm subsidiary until recently. Even with tens of millions in revenue, they operated at a loss while researching what they knew would be the next big thing.  Code-Division Multiple Acces, or CDMA, is a technology that allows for sending information over multiple channels so users can share not just a single frequency of the radio band, but multiple frequencies without a lot of interference. The original research began all the way back in the 1930s when Dmitry Ageyev in the Soviet Union researched the theory of code division of signals at Leningrad Electrotechnical Institute of Communications. That work and was furthered during World War II by German researchers like Karl Küpfmüller and Americans like Claude Shannon, who focused more on the information theory of communication channels.  People like Lee Yuk-wing then took the cybernetics work from pioneers like Norbert Weiner and helped connect those with others like Qualcomm's Jacobs, a student of Yuk-wing's when he was a professor at MIT. They were already working on CDMA jamming in the early 1950s at MIT's Lincoln Lab. Another Russian named Leonid Kupriyanovich put the concept of CMDA into practice in the later 1950s so the Soviets could track people using a service they called Altai. That made it perfect for  perfect for tracking trucks and within a few years was released in 1965 as a pre-cellular radiotelephone network that got bridged to standard phone lines. The Linkabit and then Qualcomm engineers had worked closely with satellite engineers at JPL then Hughes and other defense then commercial contractors. They'd come in contact with work and built their own intellectual property for decades. Bell was working on mobile, or cellular technologies. Ameritech Mobile Communications, or Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) as they were known at the time, launched the first 1G network in 1983 and Vodaphone launched their first service in the UK in 1984. Qualcomm filed their first patent for CDMA the next year.  That patent is one of the most cited documents in all of technology. Qualcomm worked closely with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the US and with industry consortiums, such as the CTIA, or Cellular Telephone Industries Association. Meanwhile Ericsson promoted the TDMA standard as they claimed it was more standard; however, Qualcomm worked on additional patents and got to the point that they licensed their technology to early cell phone providers like Ameritech, who was one of the first to switch from the TDMA standard Ericsson promoted to CDMA. Other carriers switched to CDMA as well, which gave them data to prove their technology worked. The OmniTRACS service helped with revenue, but they needed more. So they filed for an initial public offering in 1991 and raised over $500 billion in funding between then and 1995 when they sold another round of shares. By then, they had done the work to get CDMA encoding on a chip and it was time to go to the mass market. They made double what they raised back in just the first two years, reaching over $800 million in revenue in 1996.  Qualcomm and Cell Phones One of the reasons Qualcomm was able to raise so much money in two substantial rounds of public funding is that the test demonstrations were going so well. They deployed CDMA in San Diego, New York, Honk Kong, Los Angeles, and within just a few years had over a dozen carriers running substantial tests. The CTIA supported CDMA as a standard in 1993 and by 1995 they went from tests to commercial networks.  The standard grew in adoption from there. South Korea standardized on CDMA between 1993 to 116. The CDMA standard was embraced by Primeco in 1995, who used the 1900 MHz PCS band. This was a joint venture between a number of vendors including two former regional AT&T spin-offs from before the breakup of AT&T and represented interests from Cox Communications, Sprint, and turned out to be a large undertaking. It was also the largest cellular launch with services going live in 19 cities and the first phones were from a joint venture between Qualcomm and Sony. Most of PrimeCo's assets were later merged with AirTouch Cellular and the Bell Atlantic Mobile to form what we now know as Verizon Wireless.  Along the way, there were a few barriers to mass proliferation of the Qualcomm CDMA standards. One is that they made phones. The Qualcomm Q cost them a lot to manufacture and it was a market with a lot of competition who had cheaper manufacturing ecosystems. So Qualcomm sold the manufacturing business to Kyocera, who continued to license Qualcomm chips. Now they could shift all of their focus on encoding bits of data to be carried over multiple radio channels to do their part in paving the way for 2G and 3G networks with the chips that went into most phones of the era.  Qualcomm couldn't have built out a mass manufacturing ecosystem to supply the world with every phone needed in the 2G and 3G era. Nor could they make the chips that went in those phones. The mid and late 1990s saw them outsource then just license their patents and know-how to other companies. A quarter of a billion 3G subscribers across over a hundred carriers in dozens of countries. They got in front of what came after CDMA and worked on multiple other standards, including OFDMA, or Orthogonal frequency-Division Multiple Access. For those they developed the Qualcomm Flarion Flash-OFDM and 3GPP 5G NR, or New Radio. And of course a boatload of other innovative technologies and chips. Thus paving the way to have made Qualcomm instrumental in 5G and beyond.  This was really made possible by this hyper-specialization. Many of the same people who developed the encoding technology for the Voyager satellite decades prior helped pave the way for the mobile revolution. They ventured into manufacturing but as with many of the designers of technology and chips, chose to license the technology in massive cross-licensing deals. These deals are so big Apple sued Qualcomm recently for a billion in missed rebates. But there were changes happening in the technology industry that would shake up those licensing deals.  Broadcom was growing into a behemoth. Many of their designs sent from stand-alone chips to being a small part of a SoC, or system on a chip. Suddenly, cross-licensing the ARM gave Qualcomm the ability to make full SoCs.  Snapdragon has been the moniker of the current line of SoCs since 2007. Qualcomm has an ARM Architectural License and uses the ARM instruction set to create their own CPUs. The most recent incarnation is known as Krait. They also create their own Graphics Processor (GPU) and Digital Signal Processors (DSPs) known as Adreno and Hexagon. They recently acquired Arteris' technology and engineering group, and they used Arteris' Network on Chip (NoC) technology. Snapdragon chips can be found in the Samsung Galaxy, Vivo, Asus, and Xiaomi phones. Apple designs their own chips that are based on the ARM architecture, so in some ways compete with the Snapdragon, but still use Qualcomm modems like every other SoC. Qualcomm also bought a new patent portfolio from HP, including the Palm patents and others, so who knows what we'll find in the next chips - maybe a chip in a stylus.  Their slogan is "enabling the wireless industry," and they've certainly done that. From satellite communications that required a computer the size of a few refrigerators to battlefield communications to shipping trucks with tracking systems to cell towers, and now the full processor on a cell phone. They've been with us since the beginning of the mobile era and one has to wonder if the next few generations of mobile technology will involve satellites, so if Qualcomm will end up right back where they began: encoding bits of information theory into silicon.