Podcasts about Chen

Every weekend, thousands of Brits order takeaways from independent restaurants.  Or do they? Because these independent restaurants aren't actually what they seem.    Pizza Hut, Prezzo, Frankie & Benny's, Las Iguanas and many more chains are rebranding their food on delivery apps to appear like an independent restaurant.  They're exploiting our psychological bias for independent brands and fooling millions of diners.  Find out how in today's episode of Nudge.  --- Watch the Birdbox vs Frankie & Benny's Taste Test: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqcZ_5NixfM Unlock the Nudge Vaults: https://www.nudgepodcast.com/vaults Subscribe to my newsletter: https://www.nudgepodcast.com/mailing-list  Connect on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/phill-agnew/  --- Today's sources:  Chen, S. [@StanYM]. (2024, December 22). I served McDonald's at a luxury food convention [Video]. YouTube.  Hoskin, R. (2026, January 17). Big chains accused of masquerading as independent restaurants on delivery apps. BBC News. Lin, M. S., Sharma, A., & Ouyang, Y. (2020). Role of signals in consumers' economic valuation of restaurant choices. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 44(7), 1080–1100. Zhang, Y., Fishbach, A., & Kruglanski, A. W. (2007). The dilution model: How additional goals undermine the perceived instrumentality of a shared path. *Journal of Personality and Social Psychology*, *92*(3), 389–401.

Histamine is quite possibly the most popular buzzword in healthcare right now and for good reason. For those living with a vestibular condition and dealing with a histamine intolerance, it can feel like a lot to understand and manage. In this episode, I’m breaking down what histamine is, what histamine intolerance can look like, how it’s impacting vestibular disorders and migraine, and what you can do about it. In this episode, we'll dig into: What histamine is and its role in your immune system, digestion, sleep, mood, memory, and more The 4 types of histamine receptors and what they have to do with your symptoms Histamine intolerance vs. MCAS What happens when you don’t have enough of the DAO enzyme What contributes to histamine intolerance and what it can look like How to properly diagnose histamine intolerance What you can do to support your liver if you have histamine intolerance How to do a low-histamine diet the right way How food freshness affects histamine levels The histamine-migraine connection What research is showing about histamine’s role in the vestibular system and inner ear How addressing histamine can make previous treatments that didn't work suddenly start working When there’s too much histamine in the body than what the body can actively remove, you’ll have more histamine reactions and a harder time processing histamine in general. I want you to remember though that all hope is not lost! For additional support, we have the webinar with Isabel Smith that touches on histamine intolerance, as well as liver and gut support inside Vestibular Group Fit.  We will also have Natalie Sampson, a Board Certified Genetic Counselor, joining me on a future podcast episode! Links Mentioned: Vestibular Group Fit (code GROUNDED at checkout for 15% off!): https://thevertigodoctor.com/vestibular-group-fit Free Resources: ⁠The 4 Steps to Managing Vestibular Migraine: https://thevertigodoctor.myflodesk.com/cb5js0y78n ⁠The PPPD Management Masterclass⁠: https://thevertigodoctor.myflodesk.com/new-pppd ⁠What your Partner Should Know About Living with Dizziness⁠: https://thevertigodoctor.myflodesk.com/partnership ⁠The FREE Mini VGFit Workout⁠: https://thevertigodoctor.myflodesk.com/minifit ⁠The FREE POTS – safe Workouts⁠: https://thevertigodoctor.myflodesk.com/pots Connect with Dr. Madison (@TheVertigoDoctor): https://instagram.com/thevertigodoctor Work with Dr. Madison: For 1:1 Vestibular Rehabilitation Therapy, email madison@thevertigodoctor.com Otherwise, I'll see ya in Vestibular Group Fit! Connect with Dr. Jenna (@dizzy.rehab.therapist): https://www.instagram.com/dizzy.rehab.therapist/ Learn about the Oak Method: http://thevertigodoctor.com/why-vestibular-group-fit Love what you heard?Consider leaving a review on your favorite podcast platform to help us reach more vestibular warriors like you! This podcast is for informational purposes only and may not be the best fit for you and your personal situation. It shall not be construed as medical advice. The information and education provided here is not intended or implied to supplement or replace professional medical treatment, advice, and/or diagnosis. Always check with your own physician or medical professional before trying or implementing any information read here. Citations Cleveland Clinic. “Histamine.” Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland Clinic, 28 Mar. 2023, https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/24854-histamine. Accessed 10 July 2026. Jochum C. (2024). Histamine Intolerance: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Beyond. Nutrients, 16(8), 1219. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16081219  Sánchez-Pérez S, Comas-Basté O, Duelo A, Veciana-Nogués MT, Berlanga M, Vidal-Carou MC and Latorre-Moratalla ML (2022) The dietary treatment of histamine intolerance reduces the abundance of some histamine-secreting bacteria of the gut microbiota in histamine intolerant women. A pilot study. Front. Nutr. 9:1018463. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1018463 Jackson, K., Busse, W., Gálvez-Martín, P., Terradillos, A., & Martínez-Puig, D. (2025). Evidence for Dietary Management of Histamine Intolerance. International journal of molecular sciences, 26(18), 9198. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26189198 Kong, L., Domarecka, E., & Szczepek, A. J. (2023). Histamine and Its Receptors in the Mammalian Inner Ear: A Scoping Review. Brain sciences, 13(7), 1101. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13071101  Tighilet, B., Trico, J., Marouane, E., Zwergal, A., & Chabbert, C. (2024). Histaminergic System and Vestibular Function in Normal and Pathological Conditions. Current neuropharmacology, 22(11), 1826–1845. https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159X22666240319123151  Chen, Z. P., Zhang, X. Y., Peng, S. Y., Yang, Z. Q., Wang, Y. B., Zhang, Y. X., Chen, X., Wang, J. J., & Zhu, J. N. (2019). Histamine H1 Receptor Contributes to Vestibular Compensation. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 39(3), 420–433. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1350-18.2018  Ferretti, A., Gatto, M., Velardi, M., Di Nardo, G., Foiadelli, T., Terrin, G., Cecili, M., Raucci, U., Valeriani, M., & Parisi, P. (2023). Migraine, Allergy, and Histamine: Is There a Link?. Journal of clinical medicine, 12(10), 3566. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12103566  histamine and vestibular conditions, vestibular migraine, chronic dizziness, migraine attacks, vestibular disorders, vestibular group fit, food sensitivities, MCAS, gut issues, holistic approach, bucket theory, lifestyle changes, allergies and vestibular disorders

Credits: 0.25 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™   CME/CE Information and Claim Credit: https://www.pri-med.com/online-education/podcast/frankly-speaking-cme-502 Overview: Abdominal obesity can influence both the severity of menopausal symptoms and treatment decisions. Listen in as we discuss how to recognize this important relationship, apply practical screening tools, and individualize menopause management to improve symptom control and overall health outcomes for your patients. Episode resource links: Wang, D. , Wang, F. , Zheng, J. , Chen, X. , Lei, Y. & Su, J.  (9900).  Menopausal symptom network differences between women with and without waist-to-height ratio-defined abdominal obesity.  Menopause,  Publish Ahead of Print , doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000002794. Managing Menopausal Symptoms: Common Questions and Answers. Chang JG, Lewis MN, Wertz MC. American Family Physician. 2023;108(1):28-39. Guest: Jillian Joseph, MPAS, PA-C   Music Credit: Matthew Bugos Thoughts? Suggestions? Email us at FranklySpeaking@pri-med.com  The views expressed in this podcast are those of Dr. Domino and his guests and do not necessarily reflect the views of Pri-Med.

Today, we welcome back our friend, Jac Marino Chen to speak about her book, ‘Ensnared'. We unpack the importance of using God's word to address the dangers and errors of the new age and the occult. We hope you enjoy this conversation.PBHB GIVEAWAY: https://www.stayreformed.com/giveawayAdditional References:Ensnared: https://ensnaredbook.com/Jac's Website: https://www.jacmarino.com/The Second London Baptist Confession (1689): https://founders.org/library-book/1689-confession/https://www.chapellibrary.org/pdf/books/lbcw.pdf?srsltid=AfmBOorAi1b6iCPqv94DjBcMhSSpcDOGwJrb9hXJSlgqxrFSgo9ofc0-Social Media:YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@StayReformedTwitter/X: https://twitter.com/stayreformedInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/stayreformed/Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/stayreformedpodcast/Website: https://www.stayreformed.com/Email: contact@stayreformed.com

Dominik hat sein EGYM-BioAge ermittelt – doch was sagt diese Zahl über seine Gesundheit aus? Wir erklären, was hinter dem biologischen Alter steckt und wie Studiogeräte, Wearables und epigenetische Tests zu ihren Ergebnissen kommen. Wie zuverlässig sind diese Werte? Können Training und Ernährung unsere biologische Uhr beeinflussen? Und wann motiviert ein Alterswert zu gesunden Gewohnheiten, wann führt er in die Irre? ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Dominiks Buch zur pflanzenbasierten Sporternährung im UTB-Verlag: https://www.utb.de/doi/book/10.36198/9783838560328 Dominiks Gesundheitscommunity: www.gsundes-hannover.de Dominiks Online-Knie-Kurs: https://gsundes-hannover.de/knieschmerzen/ Dominiks Online-Rücken-Kurs: https://copecart.com/products/34bd5abb/checkout Marcs veganes Online-Fitness-Coaching: https://vegainer-academy.com/ Marcs Online-Kurs: https://www.copecart.com/products/a50f88f2/checkout ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Werbung: Dieser Podcast wird unterstützt von der Firma Watson Nutrition. Die Firma bietet als einzige umfassend laborgeprüfte Nahrungsergänzungsmittel für eine optimierte Nährstoffversorgung. Zum Angebot zählen Multi-Supplemente, Mono-Supplemente, Sportsupplemente wie Kreatin oder auch Proteinriegel, Shakes und essenzielle Aminosäuren Mit dem Code veganperformance erhältst du 5 % Rabatt auf deine Bestellung.  Zur Firmenwebseite: Watson Nutrition ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Kapitelmarken: 00:00:00 Intro: Biologisches Alter auf dem Prüfstand 00:00:52 Dominiks BioAge: Von 39 auf 24 Jahre 00:05:44 Fitness früher und heute: Leistung, Alltag und Wohlbefinden 00:11:48 Was bedeutet biologisches Alter überhaupt? 00:15:46 Körperliche Tests: Kraft, Beweglichkeit und Stoffwechsel 00:18:55 Blutwerte, Telomere und epigenetische Tests 00:22:41 Smartwatches, Ringe und Waagen: Welche Werte liefern sie? 00:27:55 EGYM BioAge: Wie entsteht die Alterszahl? 00:31:51 Neue Algorithmen: Wie vergleichbar bleiben die Ergebnisse? 00:33:09 Werbung: Watson Nutrition 00:34:18 Biologisches Alter senken: Was zeigen die Studien? 00:42:18 Vegane Ernährung und Altern: Die Zwillingsstudie 00:48:53 Vorteile: Motivation und sichtbare Fortschritte 00:53:08 Nachteile: Stress und Selbstoptimierungsdruck 01:00:22 Messgenauigkeit, Scheinsicherheit und Marketing 01:06:07 Fazit: Was für ein gesundes Leben wirklich zählt ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Quellen: Belsky, D. W., Caspi, A., Corcoran, D. L., Sugden, K., Poulton, R., Arseneault, L., Baccarelli, A., Chamarti, K., Gao, X., Hannon, E., Harrington, H. L., Houts, R., Kothari, M., Kwon, D., Mill, J., Schwartz, J., Vokonas, P., Wang, C., Williams, B. S., & Moffitt, T. E. (2022). DunedinPACE, a DNA methylation biomarker of the pace of aging. eLife, 11, Artikel e73420. Biomarkers of Aging Consortium, Herzog, C. M. S., Goeminne, L. J. E., Poganik, J. R., Barzilai, N., Belsky, D. W., Betts-LaCroix, J., Chen, B. H., Chen, M., Cohen, A. A., Cummings, S. R., Fedichev, P. O., Ferrucci, L., Fleming, A., Fortney, K., Furman, D., Gorbunova, V., Higgins-Chen, A., Hood, L., . . . Gladyshev, V. N. (2024). Challenges and recommendations for the translation of biomarkers of aging. Nature Aging, 4(10), 1372–1383. Bischoff-Ferrari, H. A., Gängler, S., Wieczorek, M., Belsky, D. W., Ryan, J., Kressig, R. W., Stähelin, H. B., Theiler, R., Dawson-Hughes, B., Rizzoli, R., Vellas, B., Rouch, L., Guyonnet, S., Egli, A., Orav, E. J., Willett, W., & Horvath, S. (2025). Individual and additive effects of vitamin D, omega-3 and exercise on DNA methylation clocks of biological aging in older adults from the DO-HEALTH trial. Nature Aging, 5(3), 376–385. Diego D. (2025, 3. Februar). BioAge – Why do inconsistencies/incorrect calculation occur? EGYM Help Center. Diego D. (2026, 6. Juli). What is BioAge? EGYM Help Center. Dwaraka, V. B., Aronica, L., Carreras-Gallo, N., Robinson, J. L., Hennings, T., Carter, M. M., Corley, M. J., Lin, A., Turner, L., Smith, R., Mendez, T. L., Went, H., Ebel, E. R., Sonnenburg, E. D., Sonnenburg, J. L., & Gardner, C. D. (2024). Unveiling the epigenetic impact of vegan vs. omnivorous diets on aging: Insights from the Twins Nutrition Study (TwiNS). BMC Medicine, 22, Artikel 301. EGYM. (o. D.-a). EGYM BioAge. EGYM. (o. D.-b). The EGYM BioAge motivates club members. EGYM. (o. D.-c). The evolution of EGYM BioAge. Garmin. (2025, 22. April). What is your Garmin fitness age? How can you lower it? Higgins-Chen, A. T., Thrush, K. L., Wang, Y., Minteer, C. J., Kuo, P.-L., Wang, M., Niimi, P., Sturm, G., Lin, J., Moore, A. Z., Bandinelli, S., Vinkers, C. H., Vermetten, E., Rutten, B. P. F., Geuze, E., Okhuijsen-Pfeifer, C., van der Horst, M. Z., Schreiter, S., Gutwinski, S., . . . Levine, M. E. (2022). A computational solution for bolstering reliability of epigenetic clocks: Implications for clinical trials and longitudinal tracking. Nature Aging, 2(7), 644–661. Horvath, S. (2013). DNA methylation age of human tissues and cell types. Genome Biology, 14(10), Artikel R115. Ibáñez-Cabellos, J. S., García-Giménez, J. L., Escobar, J., Pallardó, F. V., & Mena-Mollá, S. (2026). From the lab to lifestyle: Epigenetic clocks in personalized aging and health. Biogerontology, 27, Artikel 101. Levine, M. E., Lu, A. T., Quach, A., Chen, B. H., Assimes, T. L., Bandinelli, S., Hou, L., Baccarelli, A. A., Stewart, J. D., Li, Y., Whitsel, E. A., Wilson, J. G., Reiner, A. P., Aviv, A., Lohman, K., Liu, Y., Ferrucci, L., & Horvath, S. (2018). An epigenetic biomarker of aging for lifespan and healthspan. Aging, 10(4), 573–591. Lu, A. T., Quach, A., Wilson, J. G., Reiner, A. P., Aviv, A., Raj, K., Hou, L., Baccarelli, A. A., Li, Y., Stewart, J. D., Whitsel, E. A., Assimes, T. L., Ferrucci, L., & Horvath, S. (2019). DNA methylation GrimAge strongly predicts lifespan and healthspan. Aging, 11(2), 303–327. Mandsager, K., Harb, S., Cremer, P., Phelan, D., Nissen, S. E., & Jaber, W. (2018). Association of cardiorespiratory fitness with long-term mortality among adults undergoing exercise treadmill testing. JAMA Network Open, 1(6), Artikel e183605. Moqri, M., Herzog, C., Poganik, J. R., Ying, K., Justice, J. N., Belsky, D. W., Higgins-Chen, A. T., Chen, B. H., Cohen, A. A., Fuellen, G., Hägg, S., Marioni, R. E., Widschwendter, M., Fortney, K., Fedichev, P. O., Zhavoronkov, A., Barzilai, N., Lasky-Su, J., Kiel, D. P., . . . Ferrucci, L. (2024). Validation of biomarkers of aging. Nature Medicine, 30(2), 360–372. Oura Team. (2025, 1. April). All about cardiovascular age. The Pulse Blog. TANITA. (o. D.-a). Bioelectrical impedance analysis. TANITA. (o. D.-b). Understanding your measurements. Waziry, R., Ryan, C. P., Corcoran, D. L., Huffman, K. M., Kobor, M. S., Kothari, M., Graf, G. H., Kraus, V. B., Kraus, W. E., Lin, D. T. S., Pieper, C. F., Ramaker, M. E., Bhapkar, M., Das, S. K., Ferrucci, L., Hastings, W. J., Kebbe, M., Parker, D. C., Racette, S. B., . . . Belsky, D. W. (2023). Effect of long-term caloric restriction on DNA methylation measures of biological aging in healthy adults from the CALERIE trial. Nature Aging, 3(3), 248–257. WHOOP. (2026, 21. April). Healthspan: WHOOP age & pace of aging guide. Ying, K., Paulson, S., Eames, A., Tyshkovskiy, A., Li, S., Eynon, N., Jacques, M., Grolaux, R., Seale, K., Jacques, E., Goeminne, L. J. E., Cipriano, A., Perez-Guevara, M., Emamifar, M., Casas Martínez, M., Kwon, D., Kosheleva, A., Snyder, M., Gobel, D., . . . Gladyshev, V. N. (2025). A unified framework for systematic curation and evaluation of aging biomarkers. Nature Aging, 5(11), 2323–2339.

Dominik hat sein EGYM-BioAge ermittelt – doch was sagt diese Zahl über seine Gesundheit aus? Wir erklären, was hinter dem biologischen Alter steckt und wie Studiogeräte, Wearables und epigenetische Tests zu ihren Ergebnissen kommen. Wie zuverlässig sind diese Werte? Können Training und Ernährung unsere biologische Uhr beeinflussen? Und wann motiviert ein Alterswert zu gesunden Gewohnheiten, wann führt er in die Irre? ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Dominiks Buch zur pflanzenbasierten Sporternährung im UTB-Verlag: https://www.utb.de/doi/book/10.36198/9783838560328 Dominiks Gesundheitscommunity: www.gsundes-hannover.de Dominiks Online-Knie-Kurs: https://gsundes-hannover.de/knieschmerzen/ Dominiks Online-Rücken-Kurs: https://copecart.com/products/34bd5abb/checkout Marcs veganes Online-Fitness-Coaching: https://vegainer-academy.com/ Marcs Online-Kurs: https://www.copecart.com/products/a50f88f2/checkout ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Werbung: Dieser Podcast wird unterstützt von der Firma Watson Nutrition. Die Firma bietet als einzige umfassend laborgeprüfte Nahrungsergänzungsmittel für eine optimierte Nährstoffversorgung. Zum Angebot zählen Multi-Supplemente, Mono-Supplemente, Sportsupplemente wie Kreatin oder auch Proteinriegel, Shakes und essenzielle Aminosäuren Mit dem Code veganperformance erhältst du 5 % Rabatt auf deine Bestellung.  Zur Firmenwebseite: Watson Nutrition ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Kapitelmarken: 00:00:00 Intro: Biologisches Alter auf dem Prüfstand 00:00:52 Dominiks BioAge: Von 39 auf 24 Jahre 00:05:44 Fitness früher und heute: Leistung, Alltag und Wohlbefinden 00:11:48 Was bedeutet biologisches Alter überhaupt? 00:15:46 Körperliche Tests: Kraft, Beweglichkeit und Stoffwechsel 00:18:55 Blutwerte, Telomere und epigenetische Tests 00:22:41 Smartwatches, Ringe und Waagen: Welche Werte liefern sie? 00:27:55 EGYM BioAge: Wie entsteht die Alterszahl? 00:31:51 Neue Algorithmen: Wie vergleichbar bleiben die Ergebnisse? 00:33:09 Werbung: Watson Nutrition 00:34:18 Biologisches Alter senken: Was zeigen die Studien? 00:42:18 Vegane Ernährung und Altern: Die Zwillingsstudie 00:48:53 Vorteile: Motivation und sichtbare Fortschritte 00:53:08 Nachteile: Stress und Selbstoptimierungsdruck 01:00:22 Messgenauigkeit, Scheinsicherheit und Marketing 01:06:07 Fazit: Was für ein gesundes Leben wirklich zählt ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Quellen: Belsky, D. W., Caspi, A., Corcoran, D. L., Sugden, K., Poulton, R., Arseneault, L., Baccarelli, A., Chamarti, K., Gao, X., Hannon, E., Harrington, H. L., Houts, R., Kothari, M., Kwon, D., Mill, J., Schwartz, J., Vokonas, P., Wang, C., Williams, B. S., & Moffitt, T. E. (2022). DunedinPACE, a DNA methylation biomarker of the pace of aging. eLife, 11, Artikel e73420. Biomarkers of Aging Consortium, Herzog, C. M. S., Goeminne, L. J. E., Poganik, J. R., Barzilai, N., Belsky, D. W., Betts-LaCroix, J., Chen, B. H., Chen, M., Cohen, A. A., Cummings, S. R., Fedichev, P. O., Ferrucci, L., Fleming, A., Fortney, K., Furman, D., Gorbunova, V., Higgins-Chen, A., Hood, L., . . . Gladyshev, V. N. (2024). Challenges and recommendations for the translation of biomarkers of aging. Nature Aging, 4(10), 1372–1383. Bischoff-Ferrari, H. A., Gängler, S., Wieczorek, M., Belsky, D. W., Ryan, J., Kressig, R. W., Stähelin, H. B., Theiler, R., Dawson-Hughes, B., Rizzoli, R., Vellas, B., Rouch, L., Guyonnet, S., Egli, A., Orav, E. J., Willett, W., & Horvath, S. (2025). Individual and additive effects of vitamin D, omega-3 and exercise on DNA methylation clocks of biological aging in older adults from the DO-HEALTH trial. Nature Aging, 5(3), 376–385. Diego D. (2025, 3. Februar). BioAge – Why do inconsistencies/incorrect calculation occur? EGYM Help Center. Diego D. (2026, 6. Juli). What is BioAge? EGYM Help Center. Dwaraka, V. B., Aronica, L., Carreras-Gallo, N., Robinson, J. L., Hennings, T., Carter, M. M., Corley, M. J., Lin, A., Turner, L., Smith, R., Mendez, T. L., Went, H., Ebel, E. R., Sonnenburg, E. D., Sonnenburg, J. L., & Gardner, C. D. (2024). Unveiling the epigenetic impact of vegan vs. omnivorous diets on aging: Insights from the Twins Nutrition Study (TwiNS). BMC Medicine, 22, Artikel 301. EGYM. (o. D.-a). EGYM BioAge. EGYM. (o. D.-b). The EGYM BioAge motivates club members. EGYM. (o. D.-c). The evolution of EGYM BioAge. Garmin. (2025, 22. April). What is your Garmin fitness age? How can you lower it? Higgins-Chen, A. T., Thrush, K. L., Wang, Y., Minteer, C. J., Kuo, P.-L., Wang, M., Niimi, P., Sturm, G., Lin, J., Moore, A. Z., Bandinelli, S., Vinkers, C. H., Vermetten, E., Rutten, B. P. F., Geuze, E., Okhuijsen-Pfeifer, C., van der Horst, M. Z., Schreiter, S., Gutwinski, S., . . . Levine, M. E. (2022). A computational solution for bolstering reliability of epigenetic clocks: Implications for clinical trials and longitudinal tracking. Nature Aging, 2(7), 644–661. Horvath, S. (2013). DNA methylation age of human tissues and cell types. Genome Biology, 14(10), Artikel R115. Ibáñez-Cabellos, J. S., García-Giménez, J. L., Escobar, J., Pallardó, F. V., & Mena-Mollá, S. (2026). From the lab to lifestyle: Epigenetic clocks in personalized aging and health. Biogerontology, 27, Artikel 101. Levine, M. E., Lu, A. T., Quach, A., Chen, B. H., Assimes, T. L., Bandinelli, S., Hou, L., Baccarelli, A. A., Stewart, J. D., Li, Y., Whitsel, E. A., Wilson, J. G., Reiner, A. P., Aviv, A., Lohman, K., Liu, Y., Ferrucci, L., & Horvath, S. (2018). An epigenetic biomarker of aging for lifespan and healthspan. Aging, 10(4), 573–591. Lu, A. T., Quach, A., Wilson, J. G., Reiner, A. P., Aviv, A., Raj, K., Hou, L., Baccarelli, A. A., Li, Y., Stewart, J. D., Whitsel, E. A., Assimes, T. L., Ferrucci, L., & Horvath, S. (2019). DNA methylation GrimAge strongly predicts lifespan and healthspan. Aging, 11(2), 303–327. Mandsager, K., Harb, S., Cremer, P., Phelan, D., Nissen, S. E., & Jaber, W. (2018). Association of cardiorespiratory fitness with long-term mortality among adults undergoing exercise treadmill testing. JAMA Network Open, 1(6), Artikel e183605. Moqri, M., Herzog, C., Poganik, J. R., Ying, K., Justice, J. N., Belsky, D. W., Higgins-Chen, A. T., Chen, B. H., Cohen, A. A., Fuellen, G., Hägg, S., Marioni, R. E., Widschwendter, M., Fortney, K., Fedichev, P. O., Zhavoronkov, A., Barzilai, N., Lasky-Su, J., Kiel, D. P., . . . Ferrucci, L. (2024). Validation of biomarkers of aging. Nature Medicine, 30(2), 360–372. Oura Team. (2025, 1. April). All about cardiovascular age. The Pulse Blog. TANITA. (o. D.-a). Bioelectrical impedance analysis. TANITA. (o. D.-b). Understanding your measurements. Waziry, R., Ryan, C. P., Corcoran, D. L., Huffman, K. M., Kobor, M. S., Kothari, M., Graf, G. H., Kraus, V. B., Kraus, W. E., Lin, D. T. S., Pieper, C. F., Ramaker, M. E., Bhapkar, M., Das, S. K., Ferrucci, L., Hastings, W. J., Kebbe, M., Parker, D. C., Racette, S. B., . . . Belsky, D. W. (2023). Effect of long-term caloric restriction on DNA methylation measures of biological aging in healthy adults from the CALERIE trial. Nature Aging, 3(3), 248–257. WHOOP. (2026, 21. April). Healthspan: WHOOP age & pace of aging guide. Ying, K., Paulson, S., Eames, A., Tyshkovskiy, A., Li, S., Eynon, N., Jacques, M., Grolaux, R., Seale, K., Jacques, E., Goeminne, L. J. E., Cipriano, A., Perez-Guevara, M., Emamifar, M., Casas Martínez, M., Kwon, D., Kosheleva, A., Snyder, M., Gobel, D., . . . Gladyshev, V. N. (2025). A unified framework for systematic curation and evaluation of aging biomarkers. Nature Aging, 5(11), 2323–2339.

HONOR's robot phone and Magic V6 show how the smartphone maker is pushing foldables, AI, and mobile content creation into new territory. Fred Zhou, CEO of HONOR South Africa, and Lionel Chen, Product Marketing Manager at HONOR South Africa, discuss the company's rapid local growth and the technology behind its latest devices. They unpack the newly launched HONOR Magic V6, including its ultra-thin foldable design, 6,660mAh battery, fast charging, flagship processor, improved hinge, and productivity features. Zhou also explains why booming AI infrastructure demand is placing pressure on global memory supply and contributing to rising smartphone prices. The conversation then turns to HONOR's robot phone, which combines AI with a built-in multi-axis gimbal camera designed for content creators. Chen explains how HONOR's partnership with ARRI brings professional cinema colour science, LUTs, and video capabilities to the device, which is also expected to reach South Africa in future. 0:00 Intro 1:06 HONOR's growth in South Africa 4:30 HONOR Magic V6 unveiled 8:18 Why smartphones are getting more expensive 14:40 Inside the Magic V6 design 19:08 HONOR's new tablets and laptops 21:23 The HONOR robot phone and ARRI partnership Follow MyBroadband: X - https://twitter.com/mybroadband Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/mybroadband Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/mybroadband/ Website - https://mybroadband.co.za/news/ #HONOR #MagicV6 #Smartphones

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The "Community Meets Clinic" podcast series introduces clinicians and healthcare personnel specializing in rare neuroimmune disorders. In this episode, Krissy Dilger of SRNA spoke with Drs. Brenda Banwell and Haiwen Chen of Johns Hopkins Children's Center, a designated Center of Excellence in Rare Neuroimmune Disorders. They shared about their paths into pediatric neurology and focus on rare pediatric neuroimmune disorders [00:01:49]. They described the rapid evolution of diagnosis and treatment over the past 30 years, including advances in MS, MOGAD, and aquaporin-4 disease, expanded pediatric inclusion in diagnostic criteria and trials, and improved outcomes with high-efficacy therapies. The doctors outlined their research approaches—Dr. Banwell's integrative, imaging-focused team science [00:08:45] and Dr. Chen's clinical research including a project on IVIG duration for relapsing pediatric MOGAD [00:11:00]. The discussed their multidisciplinary clinic supports, continuity into adulthood within one health system, and emphasis on availability, collaboration, community resources, and hope for the future [00:13:35].View the medical profile of Dr. Brenda Banwell:https://profiles.hopkinsmedicine.org/provider/brenda-banwell/3154504 View the medical profile of Dr. Haiwen Chen:https://profiles.hopkinsmedicine.org/provider/haiwen-chen/2703784Brenda Banwell is the director of the Department of Pediatrics, as well as pediatrician-in-chief and co-director of Johns Hopkins Children's Center, where she helps manage the hospital's many clinical and research centers. Dr. Banwell is a renowned expert in the research and treatment of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) and other neuroimmune disorders. She specializes in and studies the use of neuroimaging to assess the clinical and cognitive impact of the conditions, as well as the function of the immune system in children with these disorders. Dr. Banwell has published more than 250 manuscripts in high-impact journals, along with over 25 book chapters. In addition, she has over 200 national and international invited lectureships and visiting professorships.An advocate for pediatric multiple sclerosis needs and research, Dr. Banwell serves as chair of the International Medical and Scientific Board of the Multiple Sclerosis International Federation, and the Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody–Associated Disease (MOGAD) International Research Consortium. She is also chair of the pediatric committee of the National Institutes of Health NeuroNEXT program, which conducts studies on treatments for neurological diseases through academic, private, and industry collaborations. Dr. Banwell currently serves as past-chair of the International Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Study Group.Dr. Haiwen Chen is a pediatric neurologist who specializes in caring for children with pediatric onset neuroinflammatory and neuroinfectious diseases, with particular interests in demyelinating disorders and myelitis. Dr. Chen earned her MD and PhD from the University of Maryland School of Medicine. She completed a pediatric neurology residency and fellowship training in neuroimmunology and neurological infectious diseases at The Johns Hopkins Hospital. Dr. Chen's research training focused on understanding synaptic structure and function using molecular biology and microscopy techniques. Her current research focuses on understanding how oligodendrocyte affect synaptic function in health and disease with the goal of developing strategies for preserving and restoring synaptic function to treat cognitive dysfunction in demyelinating disorders.00:00 Introduction01:49 Why Child Neurology04:24 Choosing Neuroimmunology08:45 Dr. Banwell's Research Focus11:00 Dr. Chen's Research Focus13:35 Clinic Team and Referrals17:24 Continuity Into Adulthood20:55 Self Care and Balance25:26 Advice for New Families28:57 Hope Through Collaboration33:45 Closing

Sawicki, Peter www.deutschlandfunk.de, Das war der Tag

AI may own the headlines, but it's far from the only technology reshaping work. Drawing on emerging tech insights from Gartner, Stanford, and Deloitte, this episode explores the technologies flying under the radar, from robotics and digital twins to quantum, wearables, and biotechnology, and what leaders need to know about their impact on people, teams, and the future of work. In this episode: Emi Baressi, Tom Bradshaw, Nic Krueger, Lee Crowson, Kate Morales, PhD, LindaAnn Rogers    I/O Career Accelerator Course: https://www.seboc.com/job Visit us https://www.seboc.com/ Follow us on LinkedIn: https://bit.ly/sebocLI Join an open-mic event: https://www.seboc.com/events   References:   Aziz, F., Qazi, A. and Li, H. (2026), “Digital twin technology and operations management efficiency in construction: the roles of information transparency, collaboration and digital readiness”, Journal of Enterprise Information Management, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print.  https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-04-2026-0719  Crawford, K., Posada, J., Okueso, Y.E., Higgins, E., Lachin, L. and Hamidi, F. (2026), “Inquiry into accessibility service possibilities for blind and low-vision university students through co-designing a 3D-printed tactile campus map”, Journal of Enabling Technologies, Vol. 20 No. 2, pp. 73–87. https://doi.org/10.1108/JET-11-2024-0076  Eriksson, K.M., Olsson, A.K. and Carlsson, L. (2024), “Beyond lean production practices and Industry 4.0 technologies toward the human-centric Industry 5.0”, Technological Sustainability, Vol. 3 No. 3, pp. 286–308. https://doi.org/10.1108/TECHS-11-2023-0049  JLL (n.d.), “JLL taps into the power of neuroscience to shape the future of work”, JLL. https://www.jll.com/en-us/newsroom/jll-taps-into-the-power-of-neuroscience-to-shape-the-future-of-work  Kawala-Sterniuk, A., Browarska, N., Al-Bakri, A., Pelc, M., Zygarlicki, J., Sidikova, M., Martinek, R. and Gorzelanczyk, E.J. (2021), “Summary of over fifty years with brain-computer interfaces—A review”, Brain Sciences, Vol. 11 No. 1, Article 43. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11010043  Kies, A., De Keyser, A., Jaramillo, S., Li, J., Tang, Y. and Ud Din, I. (2025), “Wired for work: brain-computer interfaces' impact on frontline employees' well-being”, Journal of Service Management, Vol. 36 No. 1, pp. 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOSM-03-2024-0098  Li, L., Xu, Y., Zhan, Y., Pan, M., Lo, C.K.Y. and Zhou, H. (2026), “The impact of digital twin innovation on firm operational performance: a knowledge-based perspective”, International Journal of Operations & Production Management, Vol. 46 No. 9, pp. 1454–1476. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOPM-07-2025-0681  Tathavadekar, V.P. and Mahankale, N.R. (2026), “Brain–computer interface integration in corporate learning: bidirectional enhancement frameworks for neurologically-augmented knowledge workers”, Strategic HR Review, Vol. 25 No. 3, pp. 89–92. https://doi.org/10.1108/SHR-06-2026-218  Valencia-Arias A, Velasquez Salas S, Cardona-Acevedo S, Rua Hernandez JC, Ramírez-Ramírez DM, Benjumea-Arias ML (2026), "Technology-driven workplace transformation: changes, challenges, and opportunities". Management & Sustainability: An Arab Review, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1108/MSAR-08-2025-0295  Wei, X., Tan, W. and Tian, R. (2026), “The double-edged sword effects of STARA use on employee performance and well-being: a meta-analysis based on job demands-resources (JD-R) model”, Information Technology & People, Vol. 39 No. 5, pp. 2312–2340.  https://doi.org/10.1108/ITP-01-2025-0020 Reports  Deloitte  Deloitte. (2025, December 10). Tech trends 2026: As technology innovation and adoption accelerate, five trends reveal how successful organizations are moving from experimentation to impact. Deloitte Insights. https://www.deloitte.com/us/en/insights/topics/technology-management/tech-trends.html  Gartner  Stephan, C., Buytendijk, F., Searle, S., Alvarez, G., Li, B., & Chen, O. (2026, July 23). Hype cycle for emerging technologies, 2026. Gartner. https://www.gartner.com/en/documents/8163629  Stanford  Stanford Emerging Technology Review. (2026). The Stanford Emerging Technology Review 2026. Hoover Institution & Stanford School of Engineering, Stanford University. Stanford Emerging Technology Review 2026

Vor neun Jahren kamen beim Bergsturz von Bondo im Bergell acht Wanderer ums Leben. Fünf Vertreterinnen und Vertreter der Behörden wurden angeklagt. Am Freitag sind die Urteile im Prozess bekannt geworden. Alle fünf wurden freigesprochen.

Amy is vying for the seas as Mayor of Santa Cruz, in this show she lays out her flan for the cities future. Amy Chen Mills

Credits: 0.75 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™   CME/CE Information and Claim Credit: https://www.pri-med.com/online-education/podcast/frankly-speaking-cme-500 Overview: To celebrate our 500th episode, each member of our team revisits a popular topic from the podcast's earlier installments—GLP-1s, cervical and breast cancer screening, diet and exercise, contraception, hypertension, and lipid management—to trace how the evidence and guidelines have changed since it was first covered. Whether you're catching up or reinforcing what you know, this milestone episode helps you bring the latest evidence into everyday patient care. Guest: Robert Baldor, MD, Alan Ehrlich, MD, Susan Feeney, DNP, FNP-BC; FAANP, Jillian Joseph, PA, Mariyan L. Montaque, DNP, FNP-BC, Jill Terrien PhD, ANP-BC, FAAN   Music Credit: Matthew Bugos Thoughts? Suggestions? Email us at FranklySpeaking@pri-med.com  Episode resource links:  Zhou H et al.  Evaluation and Comparison of the PREVENT and Pooled Cohort Equations for 10‐Year Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk Prediction. Journal of the American Heart Association Volume 14, Number 4 Goff DC et al. 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the assessment of cardiovascular risk: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines. Circulation. 2014;129:S49–S73. Circulation. 2018 Jul 24;138(4):345-355.  eClinicalMedicine 2025: 103741. Curry, J. (2018). Screening for cervical cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. JAMA.320(7):674-686. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.10897 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30140884  Perkins RB, Wolf AMD, Church TR, et al. Self-collected vaginal specimens for human papillomavirus testing and guidance on screening exit: An update to the American Cancer Society cervical cancer screening guideline. CA Cancer J Clin. 2026;e70041. doi:10.3322/caac.70041   Screening for Cervical Cancer (2026). Obstetrics & Gynecology, 148(1), e63-e67. https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000006257  Jad Zeitouni, Nosayaba Osazuwa-Peters, Yusuf Dundar, Gregory Zimet, Mark A. Varvares. (2025). Two decades of the HPV vaccine: its promise, progress, prospects, projections, and posterity, The Lancet Regional Health - Americas, (51), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2025.101243 Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism 28, no. 6 (2026): 5043–5057, https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70698.  Relationship of early rapid weight loss to efficacy and safety of tirzepatide and semaglutide for obesity: SURMOUNT-5 post hoc analysis. Am J Med. 2026 Jul;139(7):913-921. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2026.03.010 US Preventive Services Task Force; Nicholson WK, Silverstein M, Wong JB, et al. Screening for breast cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2024;331(22):1918–1930.  Trentham-Dietz A, Chapman CH, Jayasekera J, et al. Collaborative modeling to compare different breast cancer screening strategies: a decision analysis for the US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2024;331(22):1931–1946. Giaquinto AN, Sung H, Miller KD, et al. Breast cancer statistics, 2022. CA Cancer J Clin. 2022;72(6):524–541.  Qaseem A, Harrod CS, Balk EM, et al. Screening for breast cancer in asymptomatic, average-risk adult females: a guidance statement from the American College of Physicians (Version 2). Ann Intern Med. 2026.:  American Cancer Society. Breast Cancer Facts & Figures 2022–2024. Atlanta, GA: American Cancer Society, 2022.  Hu X, Chehal PK, Kaplan C, et al. Racial differences in patient-reported symptoms and adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy among women with early-stage, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(8):e2225485.  Torres JM, Sodipo MO, Hopkins MF, Chandler PD, Warner ET. Racial differences in breast cancer survival between Black and White women according to tumor subtype: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Oncol. 2024;42(35):4225–4234.  Bailey ZD, Krieger N, Agénor M, Graves J, Linos N, Bassett MT. Structural racism and health inequities in the USA: evidence and interventions. Lancet. 2017;389(10077):1453–1463. Hypertension. 2026;83:00–00. DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.125.25787 Allen RH, Bartz D. Opill: The Over-the-Counter Contraceptive Pill. Obstet Gynecol. 2024;143(2):184-188. doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000005455  Cahill EP, Kaur S. Advances in contraception research and development. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2020;32(6):393-398. doi:10.1097/GCO.0000000000000666  Charles DN, Nagarsheth M, Oshman L. Pain Management for IUD Insertion in Primary Care. Am Fam Physician. 2025;111(4):299-301.  Chen, C., Strasser, J., Banawa, R., Luo, Q., Bodas, M., Castruccio-Prince, C., Das, K., & Pittman, P. (2022). Who is providing contraception care in the United States? An observational study of the contraception workforce. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 226(2), 232.e1–232.e11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2021.08.015  Diedrich,J., Klein, D. Peipert, J.(2017). Long-acting reversible contraception in adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Am J Ob Gyn, April 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2016.12.024  Li RHW, Lo SST, Gemzell-Danielsson K, Fong CHY, Ho PC, Ng EHY. Oral emergency contraception with levonorgestrel plus piroxicam: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2023;402(10405):851-858. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01240-0  Mørch LS, Meaidi A, Corn G, Hargreave M, Wessel Skovlund C. Breast Cancer in Users of Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine Systems. JAMA. 2024;332(18):1578–1580. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.18575  Nguyen AT, Curtis KM, Tepper NK, et al. U.S. Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use, 2024. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2024;73(4):1-126. Published 2024 Aug 8. doi:10.15585/mmwr.rr7304a1  Paradise SL, Landis CA, Klein DA. Evidence Based Contraception: Common Questions and Answers. American Family Physician. 2022. https://www.aafp.org/afp/2022/0900/contraception The views expressed in this podcast are those of Dr. Domino and his guests and do not necessarily reflect the views of Pri-Med.

Eli Lilly is testing a new GLP-1 called brenipatide in phase three trials, and weight loss isn't even the main focus, researchers are watching it for alcohol use disorder, opioid addiction, bipolar disorder, and IBS. Chalene Johnson also breaks down a new Yale University study on why the hunger hormones ghrelin and leptin roar back the moment someone stops taking a GLP-1. Then Chalene calls out an Instagram account called Baddie Bethany (also posting as Baddie Betty on Facebook), nearly a million followers and Instagram is rolling out a brand new AI content label. She also flags an AI "Dr. Chen" wellness account blending real health facts with false ones to earn trust. Plus, five new health devices she's watching, including a toilet sensor called Throne, an AI skin scanner called SkinBit, and a caregiving wearable from the founders of Fitbit. Topics discussed: Eli Lilly, brenipatide, Zepbound, Yale University, ghrelin, leptin, berberine, Baddie Bethany, Baddie Betty, Dr. Chen, Chen Family Wellness, Carrie Sisson, Instagram, Throne, SkinBit, Prenuvo, 3D Radiology, Eight Sleep, Apple, Fitbit, Lufu, Lindsey Clancy trial.   Join Chalene on Patreon her private podcast to hear all the latest on the Penthouse Drama and the Session with a Renowned Pet Psychic  

Welcome to Get Up in the Cool: Old Time Music with Cameron DeWhitt and Friends. This week's friends are Eleanor Chen and Andy Ferrell, also known as Leather Britches! We recorded this last weekend at the Queer and Trans Old Time Gathering. Tunes and songs in this episode: Sally Goodwin (0:30) Kittypuss (7:54) Jonah in the Windstorm (20:06) The War it Is A-Raging (30:22) Dubuque (39:13) BONUS TRACK: Hannah at the Springhouse Follow Eleanor Chen and Andy Ferrell on Instagram! Support Get Up in the Cool on Patreon Send Tax Deductible Donations to Get Up in the Cool through Fracture Atlas Sign up at Pitchfork Banjo for my clawhammer instructional series! Schedule a banjo lesson with Cameron Visit Tall Poppy String Band's website and follow us on Instagram follow Sweeten the Third on Instagram

Benny Chen, Co-Founder @ Fireworks AI, joins the show to discuss his founder journey and share valuable insights on navigating common founder / product dev challenges in today's agent-first landscape. He and Jerry cover strategies for creating effective messaging, staying competitive in a crowded market space, hiring top-tier talent / what qualities to look for in high-performing engineers, navigating the cultural shift to managing agents, creating data flywheels & how this can help your customers, and more. ABOUT BENNY CHEN As co-founder and early product architect, Benny Chen shaped Fireworks AI's infrastructure strategy, spearheading the design of scalable systems to support high-throughput AI model serving. Benny's contributions established the technical foundation for Fireworks AI's robust and cloud-native architecture, which underpins its ability to meet enterprise demands. Formerly Meta's Ads Infrastructure Lead, Benny optimized large-scale ad-serving pipelines and developed significant expertise in distributed systems and cloud infrastructure. He holds a B.S. in Computer Science from Stanford University, bringing both leadership and technical depth to the Fireworks AI management team. Sinch is the communications infrastructure the AI era runs on. There's a layer of infrastructure behind every text, call, and login code your product sends, and it works exactly like plumbing: nobody thinks about it until it's the reason something broke. Most providers route through 4-6 intermediaries; Sinch connects in 1-2 hops, direct carrier relationships across 600+ connections, handling 900 billion interactions a year across 60+ countries. Routing, compliance, fraud prevention handled automatically rather than manually managed by the business sending the message! Sinch is the reliability layer underneath AI-driven customer communications; the infrastructure that determines whether an AI agent's output actually reaches a real person as a delivered text, connected call, or verified interaction. Check it out here! SHOW NOTES: Moving from an early idea to a rocket ship (1:13) Insights on developing / communicating your core message as an early founder (2:40) Role of open source & inference @ Fireworks AI (4:24) How Firework AI's company messaging evolved over time (6:07) Popular customization features today (7:25) Strategies for staying competitive in a crowded market (9:11) Defining the customer data flywheel & how it helps users (11:25) Common types of data that companies can collect to train their AI models (13:53) The customer's next steps after creating a data flywheel (15:53) Benny's perspective on acquiring engineering talent as a founder (16:43) Common traits shared by high-performing engineers @ Fireworks (19:05) How AI has altered which traits founders prioritize when hiring (20:45) Navigating the shift from engineering work to managing agents (22:40) Frameworks to ensure agents are doing the right thing (25:23) Aligning your metrics with the outcome you're trying to follow (27:37) What a typical day looks like for Benny as a founder (28:31) Advice for founders / eng leaders looking to embrace AI adoption (29:19) Rapid fire questions (31:15) This episode wouldn't have been possible without the help of our incredible production team: Patrick Gallagher - Producer & Co-Host Jerry Li - Co-Host Noah Olberding - Associate Producer, Audio & Video Editor https://www.linkedin.com/in/noah-olberding/ Dan Overheim - Audio Engineer, Dan's also an avid 3D printer - https://www.bnd3d.com/ Ellie Coggins Angus - Copywriter, Check out her other work at https://elliecoggins.com/about/ Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

In 1978, a farmer in rural China could not sell a sack of grain above the state quota, choose an employer, or move to the nearest city without a permit.In this week's VoxDev Talk, Kaiji Chen and Tao Zha (both Emory University and Atlanta Fed) explain how China dismantled barriers like this one at a time. Gradualist reform first gave farmers the right to sell surplus grain at market prices. Small state firms were privatised 19 years later, while the largest kept state backing. This style of reform powered two distinct growth engines: first, labour moving off the land, then a wave of capital into infrastructure and property. The result: half a century of unprecedented growth -- but it also produced the debt, inequality and trade tension now working against China's growth model.The research behind this episode:Chen, Kaiji, and Tao Zha. 2025. "China's Macroeconomic Development: The Role of Gradualist Reforms." Journal of Economic Literature 63 (4): 1331-62.To cite this episode:Phillips, Tim, Kaiji Chen, and Tao Zha. 2026. "Fifty years of Chinese growth: The gradualist reform strategy explained." VoxDev Talk (podcast).About the guestsKaiji Chen is Professor of Economics at Emory University and a research fellow at the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta's Center for Quantitative Economic Research. His research spans financial contracts, business cycles and China's macroeconomy, with recent work on housing policy, credit allocation and household consumption in China.Tao Zha is the Samuel Candler Dobbs Professor of Economics at Emory University and executive director of the Center for Quantitative Economic Research at the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta. He is a research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research and was elected a Fellow of the Econometric Society in 2017. His research spans macroeconomics, financial economics and econometrics, with a long standing focus on China's economy.Research cited in this episodeThe household responsibility system. Piloted in Sichuan and Anhui from 1978 and adopted nationwide by 1980, this reform kept land collectively owned but contracted it to individual households, who could sell output above a fixed state quota at market prices. It replaced work point pay with a direct link between effort and income, and the productivity gains it released freed the rural labour surplus behind China's first wave of industrialisation.Township and village enterprises (TVEs). Rural, collectively owned firms that absorbed workers leaving agriculture through the 1980s and 1990s, often with local governments acting as guarantors for bank credit the firms could not secure alone. TVE employment grew from 28 million in 1978 to 135 million by 1997, and TVE output rose from under 6% of GDP to 26% over roughly the same period.The hukou system. China's household registration system, introduced in 1958, ties access to housing, healthcare, education and grain rations to a person's registered location, rural or urban. It made moving to a city without an urban permit practically impossible. Restrictions eased in stages from the late 1990s, and the formal rural urban distinction was removed nationwide only in 2014."Grasp the large, let go of the small." The policy, initiated in 1997, under which China privatised or allowed the bankruptcy of small and medium state owned enterprises while retaining state control of the largest, most capital intensive firms in sectors such as infrastructure, energy and real estate.WTO accession and permanent Most Favoured Nation status. China joined the World Trade Organization in 2001. From 2002, permanent MFN status with the United States removed the annual threat of tariff spikes on Chinese exports, a stability that Chen and Zha's paper credits with accelerating China's shift from labour intensive exports toward electronics and other capital intensive goods.The 2009 stimulus and local government financing vehicles. In response to the global financial crisis, China launched a four trillion RMB fiscal package alongside a sharp expansion of bank lending. Much of the resulting infrastructure spending ran through local government financing vehicles, off budget entities set up to borrow for public projects; the debt they built up is now central to China's financial stability risks.Total social financing. International Monetary Fund. 2026. "People's Republic of China: 2025 Article IV Consultation." IMF Country Report No. 26/044. The IMF's broadest measure of credit in the Chinese economy, the figure Kaiji Chen cites as roughly 315% of GDP in 2025.More VoxDev Talks episodesThe Four Pests campaign and China's Great Famine, in which Shaoda Wang traces a darker chapter of Chinese economic history, the mass eradication of sparrows during the Great Leap Forward and the millions of deaths that followed.The rise and fall of China's overseas lending, in which Sebastian Horn explains how China became the developing world's largest bilateral creditor, and why that lending boom has now gone into reverse.Related reading on VoxDev.orgThe Mandarin model of growth, on how China's system of promoting local officials for delivering growth shaped decades of investment led expansion.How China became the world's factory: Trade, industrial policy, and growth, on the trade liberalisation and industrial policy that took China from export processing to global manufacturing leader.The bubble dynamics of China's housing boom, Edward Glaeser on the construction surge behind the price rises Chen and Zha describe in this episode.

What do you do when research uncovers something uncomfortable about a major donor? Evelyn Chen, Partner at Russell Philanthropies, shares how the Braver Leadership framework — clarity, candor, and courageous follow-through — helps organizations navigate the gray areas of philanthropic due diligence with integrity. Read More on the Learning Edge Blog Resources Mentioned Connect with Evelyn Chen: LinkedIn Russell Philanthropies: Enews Subscribe Getting Started and Getting Serious about Due Diligence with Courtney Cutler Workshop | Due Diligence: Practice to Policy?

Brett Johnson was joined by data reporter for the Minnesota Reformer, Alyssa Chen. They talked about her recent article talking about how the feds are impacting Minnesota’s Medicaid funding shortfall. Read more at: https://minnesotareformer.com/2026/08/31/minnesota-medicaid-spending-is-accelerating-projected-to-reach-29b-in-2029/

Fluent Fiction - Mandarin Chinese: Journey Home: Rediscovering Family Bonds on a Stormy Night Find the full episode transcript, vocabulary words, and more:fluentfiction.com/zh/episode/2026-09-01-07-38-19-zh Story Transcript:Zh: 在北京首都国际机场，喧闹的人群如潮水般涌动。En: At Beijing Capital International Airport, the noisy crowd surged like a tide.Zh: 秋天的天空乌云密布，伴随着阵阵狂风，提醒着人们台风季节的到来。En: The autumn sky was densely covered with dark clouds, accompanied by gusts of strong wind, reminding people of the approaching typhoon season.Zh: 此时，琳娜正匆匆忙忙地在机场内穿梭。En: At this time, Lin Na was hurriedly weaving through the airport.Zh: 琳娜是一名室内设计师，她渴望回家和家人一起度过即将到来的中秋节。En: Lin Na is an interior designer, longing to return home to spend the upcoming Mid-Autumn Festival with her family.Zh: 可是，眼前频繁取消的航班让她感到无比焦虑。En: However, the frequent flight cancellations made her feel extremely anxious.Zh: 旁边的乘客们都在焦躁不安地等待，而琳娜的心情则越发沉重。En: The passengers nearby were all restlessly waiting, and Lin Na's mood grew heavier.Zh: 因为工作，她错过了太多与家人团聚的时光。En: Because of work, she had missed too much time with her family.Zh: 而这次，她希望能弥补这份内疚感。En: This time, she hoped to make up for this guilt.Zh: 但偏偏她的弟弟永会不屑于此，认为这些传统不过是形式罢了。En: But her brother, Yong, disdained these traditions, considering them mere formalities.Zh: 就在琳娜一筹莫展的时候，机场员工陈注意到了她的困惑。En: Just when Lin Na was at her wit's end, airport staff member Chen noticed her confusion.Zh: 他走过来，轻声问道：“需要帮助吗？En: He approached and gently asked, "Need any help?"Zh: ”琳娜点点头，说出她的担忧。En: Lin Na nodded and expressed her concerns.Zh: 陈仔细听着，随后思索片刻，建议可以查看列车的情况。En: Chen listened carefully, then after thinking for a moment, suggested checking the train schedules.Zh: 于是，琳娜决定利用这个机会跟永谈一谈。En: So, Lin Na decided to take this opportunity to talk with Yong.Zh: 他们在候机室的一角坐下。En: They sat in a corner of the waiting area.Zh: 琳娜鼓起勇气，说：“永，我知道自己经常忙于工作，但中秋节对我们很重要。En: Lin Na gathered her courage and said, "Yong, I know I'm often busy with work, but the Mid-Autumn Festival is important to us.Zh: 我希望你能理解这些传统，也理解我。En: I hope you understand these traditions, and understand me."Zh: ”永愣了一下，然后慢慢地说：“我只是觉得这些有些遥远，但也许，是我错了。En: Yong was taken aback, then slowly said, "I just felt they're a bit distant, but maybe I was wrong."Zh: ”两人话语之间的隔阂仿佛被消除了。En: The gap in their conversation seemed to have been eliminated.Zh: 此时，陈走过来，带来一个好消息：“我帮你们订到了两张去你们家乡的火车票。En: At this moment, Chen came over with good news: "I managed to book two train tickets to your hometown."Zh: ”琳娜和永都松了一口气，他们收拾好行李，感激地向陈道别。En: Both Lin Na and Yong breathed a sigh of relief, packed their luggage, and gratefully said goodbye to Chen.Zh: 在火车驶出站台时，琳娜和永望向车窗外的夜空，月亮仿佛微笑着注视着他们。En: As the train pulled out of the station, Lin Na and Yong looked out at the night sky through the window, the moon seemed to smile down on them.Zh: 终于，他们在中秋节之夜赶回了家，与家人团聚。En: Finally, they returned home on the Mid-Autumn Festival night to reunite with their family.Zh: 月饼的香甜味充满了整个房间，围坐在一起的家人感受到了浓烈的亲情。En: The sweet aroma of mooncakes filled the entire room, and the family, gathered together, felt the deep love and affection.Zh: 看着车窗外消逝的灯火，陈心生感动，也决定去联系许久未见的家人。En: Seeing the fading lights outside the train window, Chen was moved and also decided to contact family he hadn't seen in a long time.Zh: 在这场台风吹过的旅途里，琳娜、永和陈都体会到了家庭与传统的珍贵。En: On this journey swept by the typhoon, Lin Na, Yong, and Chen all realized the preciousness of family and tradition.Zh: 他们明白，有时候，慢下来的生活节奏中，藏着最美好的感情。En: They understood that sometimes, within the slow pace of life, the most beautiful feelings are hidden. Vocabulary Words:noisy: 喧闹surged: 涌动tide: 潮水dense: 密布gusts: 阵阵wind: 狂风typhoon: 台风approaching: 到来weaving: 穿梭anxious: 焦虑passengers: 乘客restlessly: 焦躁不安make up: 弥补disdained: 不屑formalities: 形式confusion: 困惑suggested: 建议train: 列车courage: 勇气distant: 遥远book: 订到tickets: 票sigh: 松luggage: 行李gratefully: 感激pulled out: 驶出reunite: 团聚aroma: 香甜味preciousness: 珍贵pace: 节奏

Credits: 0.75 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™   CME/CE Information and Claim Credit: https://www.pri-med.com/online-education/podcast/frankly-speaking-cme-500 Overview: To celebrate our 500th episode, each member of our team revisits a popular topic from the podcast's earlier installments—GLP-1s, cervical and breast cancer screening, diet and exercise, contraception, hypertension, and lipid management—to trace how the evidence and guidelines have changed since it was first covered. Whether you're catching up or reinforcing what you know, this milestone episode helps you bring the latest evidence into everyday patient care. Guest: Robert Baldor, MD, Alan Ehrlich, MD, Susan Feeney, DNP, FNP-BC; FAANP, Jillian Joseph, PA, Mariyan L. Montaque, DNP, FNP-BC, Jill Terrien PhD, ANP-BC, FAAN   Music Credit: Matthew Bugos Thoughts? Suggestions? Email us at FranklySpeaking@pri-med.com  Episode resource links:  Zhou H et al.  Evaluation and Comparison of the PREVENT and Pooled Cohort Equations for 10‐Year Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk Prediction. Journal of the American Heart Association Volume 14, Number 4 Goff DC et al. 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the assessment of cardiovascular risk: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines. Circulation. 2014;129:S49–S73. Circulation. 2018 Jul 24;138(4):345-355.  eClinicalMedicine 2025: 103741. Curry, J. (2018). Screening for cervical cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. JAMA.320(7):674-686. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.10897 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30140884  Perkins RB, Wolf AMD, Church TR, et al. Self-collected vaginal specimens for human papillomavirus testing and guidance on screening exit: An update to the American Cancer Society cervical cancer screening guideline. CA Cancer J Clin. 2026;e70041. doi:10.3322/caac.70041   Screening for Cervical Cancer (2026). Obstetrics & Gynecology, 148(1), e63-e67. https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000006257  Jad Zeitouni, Nosayaba Osazuwa-Peters, Yusuf Dundar, Gregory Zimet, Mark A. Varvares. (2025). Two decades of the HPV vaccine: its promise, progress, prospects, projections, and posterity, The Lancet Regional Health - Americas, (51), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2025.101243 Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism 28, no. 6 (2026): 5043–5057, https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70698.  Relationship of early rapid weight loss to efficacy and safety of tirzepatide and semaglutide for obesity: SURMOUNT-5 post hoc analysis. Am J Med. 2026 Jul;139(7):913-921. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2026.03.010 US Preventive Services Task Force; Nicholson WK, Silverstein M, Wong JB, et al. Screening for breast cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2024;331(22):1918–1930.  Trentham-Dietz A, Chapman CH, Jayasekera J, et al. Collaborative modeling to compare different breast cancer screening strategies: a decision analysis for the US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2024;331(22):1931–1946. Giaquinto AN, Sung H, Miller KD, et al. Breast cancer statistics, 2022. CA Cancer J Clin. 2022;72(6):524–541.  Qaseem A, Harrod CS, Balk EM, et al. Screening for breast cancer in asymptomatic, average-risk adult females: a guidance statement from the American College of Physicians (Version 2). Ann Intern Med. 2026.:  American Cancer Society. Breast Cancer Facts & Figures 2022–2024. Atlanta, GA: American Cancer Society, 2022.  Hu X, Chehal PK, Kaplan C, et al. Racial differences in patient-reported symptoms and adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy among women with early-stage, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(8):e2225485.  Torres JM, Sodipo MO, Hopkins MF, Chandler PD, Warner ET. Racial differences in breast cancer survival between Black and White women according to tumor subtype: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Oncol. 2024;42(35):4225–4234.  Bailey ZD, Krieger N, Agénor M, Graves J, Linos N, Bassett MT. Structural racism and health inequities in the USA: evidence and interventions. Lancet. 2017;389(10077):1453–1463. Hypertension. 2026;83:00–00. DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.125.25787 Allen RH, Bartz D. Opill: The Over-the-Counter Contraceptive Pill. Obstet Gynecol. 2024;143(2):184-188. doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000005455  Cahill EP, Kaur S. Advances in contraception research and development. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2020;32(6):393-398. doi:10.1097/GCO.0000000000000666  Charles DN, Nagarsheth M, Oshman L. Pain Management for IUD Insertion in Primary Care. Am Fam Physician. 2025;111(4):299-301.  Chen, C., Strasser, J., Banawa, R., Luo, Q., Bodas, M., Castruccio-Prince, C., Das, K., & Pittman, P. (2022). Who is providing contraception care in the United States? An observational study of the contraception workforce. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 226(2), 232.e1–232.e11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2021.08.015  Diedrich,J., Klein, D. Peipert, J.(2017). Long-acting reversible contraception in adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Am J Ob Gyn, April 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2016.12.024  Li RHW, Lo SST, Gemzell-Danielsson K, Fong CHY, Ho PC, Ng EHY. Oral emergency contraception with levonorgestrel plus piroxicam: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2023;402(10405):851-858. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01240-0  Mørch LS, Meaidi A, Corn G, Hargreave M, Wessel Skovlund C. Breast Cancer in Users of Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine Systems. JAMA. 2024;332(18):1578–1580. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.18575  Nguyen AT, Curtis KM, Tepper NK, et al. U.S. Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use, 2024. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2024;73(4):1-126. Published 2024 Aug 8. doi:10.15585/mmwr.rr7304a1  Paradise SL, Landis CA, Klein DA. Evidence Based Contraception: Common Questions and Answers. American Family Physician. 2022. https://www.aafp.org/afp/2022/0900/contraception The views expressed in this podcast are those of Dr. Domino and his guests and do not necessarily reflect the views of Pri-Med.

Credits: 0.75 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™   CME/CE Information and Claim Credit: https://www.pri-med.com/online-education/podcast/frankly-speaking-cme-500 Overview: To celebrate our 500th episode, each member of our team revisits a popular topic from the podcast's earlier installments—GLP-1s, cervical and breast cancer screening, diet and exercise, contraception, hypertension, and lipid management—to trace how the evidence and guidelines have changed since it was first covered. Whether you're catching up or reinforcing what you know, this milestone episode helps you bring the latest evidence into everyday patient care. Guest: Robert Baldor, MD, Alan Ehrlich, MD, Susan Feeney, DNP, FNP-BC; FAANP, Jillian Joseph, PA, Mariyan L. Montaque, DNP, FNP-BC, Jill Terrien PhD, ANP-BC, FAAN   Music Credit: Matthew Bugos Thoughts? Suggestions? Email us at FranklySpeaking@pri-med.com  Episode resource links:  Zhou H et al.  Evaluation and Comparison of the PREVENT and Pooled Cohort Equations for 10‐Year Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk Prediction. Journal of the American Heart Association Volume 14, Number 4 Goff DC et al. 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the assessment of cardiovascular risk: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines. Circulation. 2014;129:S49–S73. Circulation. 2018 Jul 24;138(4):345-355.  eClinicalMedicine 2025: 103741. Curry, J. (2018). Screening for cervical cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. JAMA.320(7):674-686. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.10897 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30140884  Perkins RB, Wolf AMD, Church TR, et al. Self-collected vaginal specimens for human papillomavirus testing and guidance on screening exit: An update to the American Cancer Society cervical cancer screening guideline. CA Cancer J Clin. 2026;e70041. doi:10.3322/caac.70041   Screening for Cervical Cancer (2026). Obstetrics & Gynecology, 148(1), e63-e67. https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000006257  Jad Zeitouni, Nosayaba Osazuwa-Peters, Yusuf Dundar, Gregory Zimet, Mark A. Varvares. (2025). Two decades of the HPV vaccine: its promise, progress, prospects, projections, and posterity, The Lancet Regional Health - Americas, (51), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2025.101243 Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism 28, no. 6 (2026): 5043–5057, https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.70698.  Relationship of early rapid weight loss to efficacy and safety of tirzepatide and semaglutide for obesity: SURMOUNT-5 post hoc analysis. Am J Med. 2026 Jul;139(7):913-921. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2026.03.010 US Preventive Services Task Force; Nicholson WK, Silverstein M, Wong JB, et al. Screening for breast cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2024;331(22):1918–1930.  Trentham-Dietz A, Chapman CH, Jayasekera J, et al. Collaborative modeling to compare different breast cancer screening strategies: a decision analysis for the US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2024;331(22):1931–1946. Giaquinto AN, Sung H, Miller KD, et al. Breast cancer statistics, 2022. CA Cancer J Clin. 2022;72(6):524–541.  Qaseem A, Harrod CS, Balk EM, et al. Screening for breast cancer in asymptomatic, average-risk adult females: a guidance statement from the American College of Physicians (Version 2). Ann Intern Med. 2026.:  American Cancer Society. Breast Cancer Facts & Figures 2022–2024. Atlanta, GA: American Cancer Society, 2022.  Hu X, Chehal PK, Kaplan C, et al. Racial differences in patient-reported symptoms and adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy among women with early-stage, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(8):e2225485.  Torres JM, Sodipo MO, Hopkins MF, Chandler PD, Warner ET. Racial differences in breast cancer survival between Black and White women according to tumor subtype: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Oncol. 2024;42(35):4225–4234.  Bailey ZD, Krieger N, Agénor M, Graves J, Linos N, Bassett MT. Structural racism and health inequities in the USA: evidence and interventions. Lancet. 2017;389(10077):1453–1463. Hypertension. 2026;83:00–00. DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.125.25787 Allen RH, Bartz D. Opill: The Over-the-Counter Contraceptive Pill. Obstet Gynecol. 2024;143(2):184-188. doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000005455  Cahill EP, Kaur S. Advances in contraception research and development. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2020;32(6):393-398. doi:10.1097/GCO.0000000000000666  Charles DN, Nagarsheth M, Oshman L. Pain Management for IUD Insertion in Primary Care. Am Fam Physician. 2025;111(4):299-301.  Chen, C., Strasser, J., Banawa, R., Luo, Q., Bodas, M., Castruccio-Prince, C., Das, K., & Pittman, P. (2022). Who is providing contraception care in the United States? An observational study of the contraception workforce. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 226(2), 232.e1–232.e11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2021.08.015  Diedrich,J., Klein, D. Peipert, J.(2017). Long-acting reversible contraception in adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Am J Ob Gyn, April 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2016.12.024  Li RHW, Lo SST, Gemzell-Danielsson K, Fong CHY, Ho PC, Ng EHY. Oral emergency contraception with levonorgestrel plus piroxicam: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2023;402(10405):851-858. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01240-0  Mørch LS, Meaidi A, Corn G, Hargreave M, Wessel Skovlund C. Breast Cancer in Users of Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine Systems. JAMA. 2024;332(18):1578–1580. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.18575  Nguyen AT, Curtis KM, Tepper NK, et al. U.S. Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use, 2024. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2024;73(4):1-126. Published 2024 Aug 8. doi:10.15585/mmwr.rr7304a1  Paradise SL, Landis CA, Klein DA. Evidence Based Contraception: Common Questions and Answers. American Family Physician. 2022. https://www.aafp.org/afp/2022/0900/contraception The views expressed in this podcast are those of Dr. Domino and his guests and do not necessarily reflect the views of Pri-Med.

Schmidt-Mattern, Barbara www.deutschlandfunk.de, Interviews

Fluent Fiction - Mandarin Chinese: Artful Discoveries: A Journey Through Forbidden Galleries Find the full episode transcript, vocabulary words, and more:fluentfiction.com/zh/episode/2026-08-29-22-34-02-zh Story Transcript:Zh: 台北的夏天，又热又湿。En: The summer in Taipei is hot and humid.Zh: 国立故宫博物院的大厅里充满了人，游客们在导览图上寻找历史的踪迹。En: The hall of the National Palace Museum is filled with people, as visitors search for traces of history on the guide map.Zh: 博物馆外，鬼节的庆祝活动正在进行，空气中弥漫着香烛的味道。En: Outside the museum, Ghost Festival celebrations are in full swing, with the air filled with the scent of incense and candles.Zh: 今天，梅和她的朋友刘来到了博物馆。En: Today, Mei and her friend Liu have come to the museum.Zh: 梅是一名勤奋的艺术学生，她想为即将到来的课题寻找灵感，期望给教授留下深刻的印象。En: Mei is a diligent art student looking for inspiration for her upcoming project, hoping to impress her professor.Zh: 而刘则是一个充满好奇心的朋友，跟随梅踏上这次艺术之旅。En: Liu, on the other hand, is a curious friend, joining Mei on this artistic journey.Zh: 然而，梅一进博物馆就感到不安。En: However, as soon as Mei enters the museum, she feels uneasy.Zh: 博物馆被熙来攘往的人群包围着，许多展品因为特别活动而暂时关闭。En: The museum is surrounded by bustling crowds, and many exhibits are temporarily closed due to special events.Zh: 她的焦急被刘的安慰打断：“没关系，我们可以先去其他地方看看。En: Her anxiety is interrupted by Liu's reassurance: "It's okay, we can check out other places first."Zh: ”在大厅的一角，梅注意到一个小小的禁止进入标志。En: In a corner of the hall, Mei notices a small "No Entry" sign.Zh: 她犹豫了一下，很快便做了决定：“我们进去看看吧，或许会有惊喜。En: She hesitates for a moment, then quickly makes a decision: "Let's go in and take a look; there might be a surprise."Zh: ”她拉着刘的手，悄悄地进入了限制区域。En: She takes Liu's hand and quietly enters the restricted area.Zh: 两人不知不觉中进入了一个几乎无人问津的展厅，里面摆满了古代的精美艺术品。En: Unknowingly, the two find themselves in a nearly deserted gallery filled with exquisite ancient artworks.Zh: 在寂静的房间中，他们被这些历史珍宝所震撼。En: In the silent room, they are awed by these historical treasures.Zh: 突然，一声轻轻的咳嗽声打破了安静。En: Suddenly, a gentle cough breaks the silence.Zh: 是陈，博物馆的保安，但同时也是一个对艺术充满热情的人。En: It's Chen, a security guard at the museum, but also a person with a passion for art.Zh: 他本可以对梅和刘进行教育，但他没有。En: He could have reprimanded Mei and Liu, but he didn't.Zh: 他走到他们身边，低声说：“你们喜欢这些作品吗？En: He approaches them and softly says, "Do you like these works?Zh: 我可以告诉你们一些它们的故事。En: I can tell you some of their stories."Zh: ”于是，陈侃侃而谈，分享了每一件艺术品背后的历史和意义。En: And so, Chen enthusiastically shares the history and meaning behind each piece of art.Zh: 梅听得入神，她感受到了艺术的深邃和陈的热诚。En: Mei listens intently, feeling the profoundness of the art and the passion of Chen.Zh: 在这个小小的展厅里，他们度过了一个特别的下午。En: In this small gallery, they spend a special afternoon together.Zh: 等到梅和刘终于离开时，她的笔记本上已经满满是新的想法。En: When Mei and Liu finally leave, Mei's notebook is filled with new ideas.Zh: 她满怀感激地对陈说：“谢谢你，陈先生。En: She gratefully says to Chen, "Thank you, Mr. Chen.Zh: 我会在我的项目中提到你的故事。En: I will mention your stories in my project."Zh: ”后来，梅意识到，艺术不仅仅是自我提升，也是分享和理解不同的视角。En: Later, Mei realizes that art is not just about self-improvement, but also about sharing and understanding different perspectives.Zh: 这次经历让她找到了新的方向，同时也结识了一位志同道合的新朋友。En: This experience gave her new direction and allowed her to make a like-minded new friend.Zh: 博物馆外，阳光洒在展览之后的台北街道上。En: Outside the museum, the sun shines on the streets of Taipei after the exhibit.Zh: 暑气消退，梅心中却充满了温暖和动力。En: The heat dissipates, but Mei's heart is filled with warmth and motivation.Zh: 在她看来，今天的参观已不仅仅是一次学习之旅，更是一场关于理解与分享的深刻思考。En: To her, today's visit was not just a learning journey, but a deep reflection on understanding and sharing. Vocabulary Words:humid: 湿exquisite: 精美uneasy: 不安bustling: 熙来攘往restricted: 限制gallery: 展厅profoundness: 深邃reprimanded: 教育reassurance: 安慰enthusiastically: 侃侃而谈inspiration: 灵感perspectives: 视角splendid: 壮丽motivation: 动力reflection: 思考treasures: 珍宝scent: 味道artistic: 艺术的traces: 踪迹hesitates: 犹豫deserted: 无人问津candle: 香烛curious: 好奇心awkward: 尴尬encounter: 遭遇delve: 深入intently: 入神revere: 敬畏scenic: 风景如画professor: 教授

In this episode of the Epigenetics Podcast, we talked with Kunal Rai from MD Anderson Cancer Center about his work on active DNA demethylation and its role in cancer progression. A major part of the conversation covers his postdoctoral work on active DNA demethylation. He describes how he identified an AID-MBD4-based mechanism, later supported by GAD45, and how this work showed a role for DNA demethylation in early neuronal differentiation and in colon cancer initiation. We then discuss his move into his own lab and his work on melanoma progression. He explains how he used broad epigenomic profiling, chromatin state analysis, and 3D chromatin methods to study enhancers and chromatin organization, and how these approaches helped reveal changes linked to cancer progression. Another topic is his work on epigenetic regulators such as RNF2 and KMT2D. He describes findings on polycomb and trithorax-related factors, including tumor-suppressive roles for KMT2D in melanoma and lung cancer, and how KMT2D loss affects cell phenotype and metabolism. Finally, we talk about lab organization, collaboration, and newer technologies. He says his group works across multiple cancer types and increasingly includes immunology, single-cell methods, spatial epigenomics, and clinical translation, while still using ChIP-seq, CUT&RUN, and CUT&Tag where appropriate. References Fiziev, P., Akdemir, K. C., Miller, J. P., Keung, E. Z., Samant, N. S., Sharma, S., Natale, C. A., Terranova, C. J., Maitituoheti, M., Amin, S. B., Martinez-Ledesma, E., Dhamdhere, M., Axelrad, J. B., Shah, A., Cheng, C. S., Mahadeshwar, H., Seth, S., Barton, M. C., Protopopov, A., Tsai, K. Y., … Rai, K. (2017). Systematic Epigenomic Analysis Reveals Chromatin States Associated with Melanoma Progression. Cell reports, 19(4), 875–889. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2017.03.078 Terranova, C. J., Tang, M., Maitituoheti, M., Raman, A. T., Ghosh, A. K., Schulz, J., Amin, S. B., Orouji, E., Tomczak, K., Sarkar, S., Oba, J., Creasy, C., Wu, C. J., Khan, S., Lazcano, R., Wani, K., Singh, A., Barrodia, P., Zhao, D., Chen, K., … Rai, K. (2021). Reprogramming of bivalent chromatin states in NRAS mutant melanoma suggests PRC2 inhibition as a therapeutic strategy. Cell reports, 36(3), 109410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109410 Related Episodes Epigenetic Signatures During Aging and Cancer (Alena van Bömmel) Epigenetic Mechanisms in Breast Cancer (Luca Magnani) The Effect of Histone Demethylases on Gene Expression and Cancer Cell Stability (Johnathan Whetstine) Contact Epigenetics Podcast on Mastodon Epigenetics Podcast on Bluesky Dr. Stefan Dillinger on LinkedIn Active Motif on LinkedIn Active Motif on Bluesky Email: podcast@activemotif.com

In this week's episode, Blood editor Laurie Sehn interviews Drs. Efstathios Kastritis and Lucia Chen on their latest articles published in Blood. Dr. Kastritis shares insights and results from the final survival analysis of the ANDROMEDA trial, which determined that adding daratumumab to cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone improves hematologic responses and overall survival in newly diagnosed AL amyloidosis.  Dr. Chen elaborates on the key benefits of Ikaros degradation for reducing T-cell dysfunction in MM patients: Ikaros degradation by mezigdomide enhances anti–B-cell maturation antigen CAR-T and bispecific TCE therapy efficacy in vitro and in vivo. Featured Articles: Daratumumab-Bortezomib-Cyclophosphamide-Dexamethasone for Newly Diagnosed Amyloidosis: ANDROMEDA Final Survival Analysis | Efstathios KastritisIkaros degradation by mezigdomide reduces T-cell dysfunction and improves the efficacy of antimyeloma T-cell therapies | Lucia Chen

The robots are at it again, and this time they're solving, and breaking(?), math and cryptography! Things have been happening in the lattice corner including new leapfrogging complexity results in the closest vector problem (CVP), AND a possible poly-time quantum attack against the dihedral coset problem (DCP) that made everyone freak out for about a week (UPDATE: looks like it's busted: https://eprint.iacr.org/2026/1693). ALSO, there was an important distinguisher attack against Classic McEliece, which on its face doesn't sound like a big deal, unless you're familiar with the track record of efficient distinguishers in the history of code-based cryptography…

Welcome to Episode 091 of the Beyond the Diagnosis Podcast. Artificial intelligence is opening new possibilities in rare disease research, but what happens when we combine that technology with clinical experience, research, and a willingness to think differently? In this episode, Kathy talks with Dr. Luke Chen, a hematologist and Professor of Medicine at Dalhousie University and an advisor to Every Cure, about the power of drug repurposing and what it could mean for patients with Rosai-Dorfman disease and other rare diseases. Dr. Chen explains how Every Cure uses machine learning to identify promising connections between existing medications and diseases, and how that work, combined with clinical experience, helped elevate lenalidomide and dexamethasone as a treatment option for RDD. They also discuss what it means for this combination to become a preferred treatment in the NCCN Guidelines, particularly for patients who may have limited access to other therapies. Most importantly, this conversation offers a hopeful reminder that progress in rare disease can come from looking at the tools we already have in new ways—and that there is still tremendous potential to uncover.   Let us know what you think! Leave us a review, drop us a comment or share an idea for a future podcast with us at podcast@histio.org.   Take a screenshot and tag us @histiocytosis_association on Instagram. We'd love to hear your feedback!  Be sure to subscribe so you can be notified the moment a new episode of Beyond the Diagnosis is released.   Resources mentioned in the podcast: Dr. Fajgenbaum's Book: Chasing My Cure: A Doctor's Race to Turn Hope Into Action Get more info on Histiocytosis Awareness Month: www.histio.org/getinvolved/raiseawareness Get involved in our Blue Ribbon Run! www.histio.org/blueribbonrun Follow the Histiocytosis Association on social media: Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/histio Twitter: @histiocytosis Instagram: histiocytosis_association YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@Histiocytosis  Music: “Heroes” by Noah Smith  

In this inspiring episode of the Leaders Who Care series from The Brand Called You, Stan Chen, CEO of RecycleGO and Sinansys, joins host Mark Sadovnick to explore the intersection of sustainability, technology, and leadership.Stan shares his powerful journey from growing up as a first-generation immigrant in Queens, New York, to driving innovation in the recycling and supply chain sectors through blockchain and quantum computing.The discussion explores Stan's family roots, the profound influence of his father, and his evolution from medical science to creating impact through technology-enabled recycling. It also highlights the critical role of empathy, the importance of integrating people, planet, and profit, and real-world examples of purpose-driven action, including the rapid delivery of vital masks during the COVID-19 pandemic.Discover how RecycleGO and Sinansys are working together to create more transparent and resilient supply chains, and how personal values can inspire meaningful global change.

Most Americans never truly disconnect from work—even on vacation. After decades of tying your identity, daily rhythm, and sense of worth to a paycheck, stepping away feels less like freedom and more like freefall. Oz Chen spent years financially independent before he could accept it, wrestling with the psychological gap between having enough money and being okay with not working. Key Topics Discussed Oz's Background and FI Journey (00:02:30) Oz shares his introduction to financial independence through Tim Ferriss's Four Hour Workweek, his career as a UX designer, and the moment he officially accepted being financially independent at 37—years after crossing the actual threshold. The Job That Changed Everything (00:08:15) After seven comfortable years at one tech company, management changes, an acquisition, and mounting burnout made Oz's dream job unsustainable. He reveals the "work policy statement" he'd written that predicted exactly when he'd need to leave. Taking FMLA Leave as an Experiment (00:15:40) Rather than quitting outright, Oz used 12 weeks of FMLA medical leave to test what not working would feel like. He set a deliberately low bar for success—sleep and play pickleball—instead of maintaining his productivity mindset. The Unexpected Layoff (00:22:30) During the final week of his sabbatical, Oz received a layoff notice with severance and garden leave. What could have felt devastating instead felt like "divine timing," perfectly aligning with his planned departure. Wrestling with Fear and Acceptance (00:28:00) Oz shares his practice of writing acceptance statements for every fear—from scarcity feelings to relationship changes. By acknowledging fears without resisting them, he reduced the suffering that comes from fighting his own emotions. Practical Strategies for Decumulation (00:35:45) Breaking down the scary process of drawing down investments: think month-by-month rather than annual withdrawals, and sell "junk" investments (random stocks, crypto) first before touching beloved index funds. Life After Work and Future Plans (00:42:20) Oz describes his current life taking community college music classes, learning trades, and planning for the next 2-3 years before potentially having children. He emphasizes honoring different life seasons and remaining flexible about future work. Notable Quotes Ginger: "Pain plus resistance equals suffering. The pain is part of the human experience, but the resistance is the thing that you can control." Oz Chen: "I accept that not having a paycheck coming in will feel weird and scary. I can have the feeling and it doesn't have to change what I'm doing." Oz Chen: "Clarity through action versus expecting clarity before action. Breaking things down into smaller components generates clarity." Oz Chen: "The productivity engine is something that often buzzes in the background for optimizers. There's always something to work on, always something to optimize." Oz Chen: "I realized my fear was a very generalized fear. Writing down that fear and asking, is that true? helped me see it's potentially a reversible decision." Key Takeaways Write a work policy statement listing specific conditions under which you'd leave your job, similar to an investor policy statement for market downturns Break down your fears by writing them out specifically, then question their validity and put dollar amounts to worst-case scenarios Create acceptance statements for your financial fears to reduce internal resistance rather than trying to eliminate fears entirely Calculate your first 3-6 months of expenses in retirement month-by-month rather than thinking about annual withdrawals to make decumulation less daunting Consider using all available time-off options (PTO, unpaid leave, FMLA if eligible) to experiment with extended breaks before making permanent career changes Identify "junk" investments in your portfolio that you'd be happy to sell first before touching core index fund holdings Set a low bar for success duri…

On April 26th, 2026, Sebastian Sawe did what many thought was impossible.  Running the marathon in under two hours. Today on Nudge, I explain the psychological tricks Sawe may have used to break the record.  --- Become an FSB member: https://get.fsb.org.uk/nudge/ Unlock the Nudge Vaults: https://www.nudgepodcast.com/vaults Join 12,199 readers of the Nudge Newsletter: https://www.nudgepodcast.com/mailing-list Connect on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/phill-agnew/  Buy Alex's book Endure: https://amzn.to/3TdJv7P  ---  Today's sources:  Blanchfield, A. W., Hardy, J., & Marcora, S. M. (2014). Non-conscious visual cues related to affect and action alter perception of effort and endurance performance. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8, Article 967. Carter, J. M., Jeukendrup, A. E., & Jones, D. A. (2004). The effect of carbohydrate mouth rinse on 1-h cycle time trial performance. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 36(12), 2107–2111. Damisch, L., Stoberock, B., & Mussweiler, T. (2010). Keep your fingers crossed! How superstition improves performance. Psychological Science, 21(7), 1014–1020. de Morree, H. M., & Marcora, S. M. (2010). The face of effort: Frowning muscle activity reflects effort during a physical task. Biological Psychology, 85(3), 377–382. Gray, K. (2010). Moral transformation: Good and evil turn the weak into the mighty. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 1(3), 253–258. Huang, D.-H., Chou, S.-W., Chen, Y.-L., & Chiou, W.-K. (2014). Frowning and jaw clenching muscle activity reflects the perception of effort during incremental workload cycling. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 13(4), 921–928. McCormick, A., Meijen, C., & Marcora, S. (2018). Effects of a motivational self-talk intervention for endurance athletes completing an ultramarathon. The Sport Psychologist, 32(1), 42–50. Stoate, I., Wulf, G., & Lewthwaite, R. (2012). Enhanced expectancies improve movement efficiency in runners. Journal of Sports Sciences, 30(8), 815–823. Strack, F., Martin, L. L., & Stepper, S. (1988). Inhibiting and facilitating conditions of the human smile: A nonobtrusive test of the facial feedback hypothesis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(5), 768–777. Williams, E. L., Jones, H. S., Sparks, S., Marchant, D. C., Midgley, A. W., & McNaughton, L. R. (2014). Deception studies manipulating centrally acting performance modifiers: A review. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 46(7), 1441–1451.

(Spirit Rock Meditation Center)

(Spirit Rock Meditation Center)

(Spirit Rock Meditation Center)

2:1 bei Borussia Dortmund im Franz-Beckenbauer-Supercup: Der FC Bayern München startet die neue Saison mit einem Titelgewinn. Welche Erkenntnisse das Spiel geliefert hat, ordnen Mario Krischel und Patrick Kleinmann ein. Außerdem der Blick auf die Pokalpartien am Samstag - mit kuriosen Zaungästen und einem verärgerten Sport-Geschäftsführer.

In Week 11 of Healthy and Whole Summer 2026 Pastor Chuck talks with Dr. Daniel Chen about the 3 principles of longevity. Dr. Daniel unpacks the power of three-dimensional movements, engaging our muscles, and how to get your body moving in the functional patterns of life. Looking for practical tips for how to keep your body resilient as you age? This episode is for you! Learn more about Dr. Daniel Chen: mykingdomfitness.com

Nausheen Chen is a public speaking coach who has worked with leaders at Amazon, NASA, and the UN. After years as a filmmaker, she left that career when her husband pushed her to build a business around the thing she had loved since childhood: performing and speaking in public. In this episode, Nausheen talks about why public speaking triggers fight or flight response, how thought structures like the rule of three stop you from rambling, and what real preparation looks like, from audience research to recording yourself on camera.  Links: Nausheen's Website: https://www.speaking.coach/ Nausheen's LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/nausheenichen/ Nausheen's Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/nausheen.speaking.coach

This episode is brought to you by Alma. Visit https://helloalma.com/dg/?utm_source=podcast&utm_medium=paid&utm_campaign=privatepractice to learn more Get the Couples Therapy 101 course: https://www.couplestherapistcouch.com/ Join the Couples Therapist Inner Circle: https://www.couplestherapistcouch.com/inner-circle-new Join The Couples Therapist Couch Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/295562197518469/ In this episode, Shane talks with Annie Chen about attachment styles. Annie is an author, therapist, consultant, and coach who holds 2 master's degrees in counseling and psychology. With over 17 years dedicated to studying the mind, nervous systems, and relationships, she has developed a unique approach to relationships and working with people. Hear why attachment theory is so important, how we develop our attachment styles, how to approach attachment styles with your clients, the danger of talking in absolutes, and how much to dive into family of origin work.   To learn more about Annie Chen, visit: AnnieChen.net AttachmentQuiz.com The Attachment Theory Workbook I Want to Connect Instagram @AnnieChenLMFT   You can also listen to Annie Chen on Episode 90 of The Couples Therapist Couch

Eric Chen, Founder and CEO of Injective, sat down with me at the Injective Policy Summit to discuss the growing adoption of the Injective blockchain.

Resistance training can significantly improve cardiovascular health in older adults by lowering both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as offering unique benefits like increased muscle strength and quality. In this “NASM CPT Podcast” episode, host Rick Richey reviews the latest meta-analyses and systematic reviews, sharing practical insights on how resistance training helps manage hypertension and supports healthy aging. Listeners will learn why resistance training is valuable for older populations, how it compares to aerobic exercise for blood pressure control, and the importance of starting with progressive resistance to minimize soreness and build confidence. Rick also addresses specific concerns such as training postmenopausal women and individuals with sarcopenia, providing evidence that regular, structured resistance training leads to greater health benefits, especially in those over 60. After listening, fitness professionals will be equipped with research-backed strategies for designing effective, safe training programs for older adults and addressing their concerns about resistance exercises. Chapters: [00:00:00] What are the cardiovascular benefits of resistance training for older adults? [00:05:43] How does resistance training affect blood pressure in people with hypertension? [00:10:53] How does resistance training benefit postmenopausal women? [00:14:14] What is sarcopenia and how can resistance training help elderly adults? [00:15:01] How should trainers safely begin resistance training with older or inexperienced clients? [00:18:48] How can trainers help older clients build strength and confidence progressively? Show References:Wang, X., Wang, Q., Zhao, W., Wang, J., Chen, L., & Wang, L. (2025). The efficacy of resistance training for the management of hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Postepy w kardiologii interwencyjnej = Advances in interventional cardiology, 21(2), 163–170. https://doi.org/10.5114/aic.2025.151598  Henkin, J. S., Pinto, R. S., Machado, C. L. F., & Wilhelm, E. N. (2023). Chronic effect of resistance training on blood pressure in older adults with prehypertension and hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Experimental gerontology, 177, 112193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2023.112193   Rivera-Mejía, S. L., Rúa-Alonso, M. A., Rial-Vázquez, J., Nine, I., Camacho-Villa, M. A., Enríquez-González, M. A. G., Varela-Sanz, A., Fariñas, J., Revuelta-Lera, B., Fraga-Germade, E., Giráldez-Garcí A, M. A., & Iglesias-Soler, E. (2026). Resistance Training Improves Cardiovascular Health in Postmenopausal Women: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 10.1152/japplphysiol.01180.2025. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01180.2025   Zhao, H., Cheng, R., Song, G., Teng, J., Shen, S., Fu, X., Yan, Y., & Liu, C. (2022). The Effect of Resistance Training on the Rehabilitation of Elderly Patients with Sarcopenia: A Meta-Analysis. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(23), 15491. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315491 If you like what you just consumed, leave us a 5-star review, and share this episode with a friend to help grow our NASM health and wellness community! The content shared in this podcast is solely for educational and entertainment purposes. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek out the guidance of your healthcare provider or other qualified professional. Any opinions expressed by guests and hosts are their own and do not necessarily reflect the views of NASM. Introducing NASM One, the membership for trainers and coaches. For just $35/mo., get unlimited access to over 300 continuing education courses, 50% off additional certifications and specializations, EDGE Trainer Pro all-in-one coaching app to grow your business, unlimited exam attempts and select waived fees. Stay on top of your game and ahead of the curve as a fitness professional with NASM One. Click here to learn more. https://bit.ly/4ddsgrm

Last time we spoke about the ending of the Second Battle of Changsha. In late September and early October 1941, Chinese commander Chen Cheng planned an operation to retake Yichang, a strategic Yangtze River city whose control was essential for protecting the approach to Chongqing. Japanese forces were pulling back from Changsha, weakened by supply problems and casualties, which created an opportunity for Chen to intensify his campaign. Yichang had been captured by Japan in 1940, a defeat that Chen carried as a personal and political burden. He therefore moved to encircle the Japanese 13th Division inside Yichang and drive it to collapse. Although the Chinese held a clear manpower advantage—fourteen divisions against the encircled Japanese—progress was slowed by stubborn fighting from prepared, entrenched positions. The battle inside the city produced desperate close-quarters combat and heavy casualties, showing how the fate of Yichang and the wider defense of Chongqing were tightly linked.    #214 War hits the Pacific Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War.   The guns fell silent on October 9, 1941, as the Ninth War Zone's forces restored their pre-battle positions, marking the end of the Second Battle of Changsha. The balance sheet was grim on both sides, but it was China that bore the heavier cost. The Ninth Military Front suffered 70,672 killed, wounded, or missing. The concurrent Yichang offensive added a further 21,368 casualties to the Sixth Military Front, a force that outnumbered its Japanese opponents ten to one yet still failed to retake the city. By the time the dust settled, the Chinese army had lost nearly 100,000 men across both theatres. The Chinese command was frank, at least in private, about what had gone wrong. The Japanese had moved with a speed that recalled Blitzkrieg, advancing 130 kilometres in eleven days and withdrawing at twelve kilometres a day, catching the defenders perpetually off-balance. The 26th, 37th, 10th, and 74th Corps had been picked apart piecemeal rather than fighting in concert, the original plan to destroy the Japanese south of the Miluo River coming to nothing. Elite formations had paid a disproportionate price: the 74th Corps suffered 14,521 casualties, the 37th Corps 14,015, and the 58th Division alone lost 6,192 of its 11,907 men, nearly its entire fighting strength.   Yet none of this was the story the public would hear. On October 10th, China's National Day, radio stations announced the "Second Great Victory in Northern Hunan", the annihilation of over 40,000 enemy troops. Newspapers rushed out special editions. Congratulatory telegrams flooded in from government ministries and civic organizations. Senior officials seized on the moment: Sun Ke, Premier of the Executive Yuan, declared that the victory "laid the foundation for the counter-offensive and the recapture of Hankou and Guangzhou," while General Bai Chongxi called it "the pivotal moment for us to turn defeat into victory." Chiang Kai-shek, reading through the pages of triumphant commentary produced overnight by his propagandists, was reportedly impressed by their industry, if not convinced by their content. He had not wanted to call it a victory at all, but the political calculus was unavoidable: after four years of war, an exhausted nation needed the psychological sustenance that only "victory" could provide.   The gap between public performance and private reality was nowhere more visible than in the arrival of a twenty-two-member international press delegation on October 13th. Journalists from Britain, the United States, France, the Netherlands, Portugal, Hong Kong, and major Chinese newspapers were flown to Changsha and carefully guided through selected battlefields, where they inspected mountains of war trophies and heard testimony from soldiers and civilians. They left satisfied, presenting their war souvenirs—swords, binoculars, Japanese military flags—to their audiences back home as proof of Chinese heroism and Japanese defeat. Both China and Japan were claiming victory simultaneously. The only conclusion the foreign press could draw was that one side was lying, and it was not the side that had shown them the evidence.   Chiang Kai-shek's real verdict came at the Third Nanyue Military Conference, held from October 16 to 21. His anger was withering. He condemned his generals for their obsession with defending sprawling outer perimeter lines while leaving city centres barely fortified, a mentality so rigid, he said, that the Japanese could announce the exact time of their advance and withdrawal in advance and still execute it on schedule without interference. "Generals, what a disgrace this is!" On the failure to capture prisoners, only 263 prisoners were claimed across the entire front, of whom only 16 names were actually published, he was almost incredulous: "We can definitely defeat the enemy, capture many enemy prisoners, and seize countless enemy weapons! Even if we cannot capture ten thousand prisoners, we should at least capture a thousand! If not a thousand, then at least a hundred! But now, you don't even have ten!" The conference handed down punishments to match the rhetoric. Liao Lingqi, commander of the shattered 58th Division, was sentenced to death for desertion and shot on October 22nd. His men were so outraged that three regimental commanders resigned in protest; the division was pulled from the order of battle entirely and given three months to rebuild. Li Yutang, commander of the 10th Corps, was dismissed—though the Third Battle of Changsha would begin before his replacement could take post, and he would be reinstated to play a key role in the city's defence.   On the Japanese side, the 11th Army acknowledged 1,670 killed, 5,184 wounded, and 14 missing, far fewer than Chinese claims, though post-war regimental histories suggest the true figure was higher. Lieutenant General Anami, who had championed the operation, found himself stung by the charge that the battle had served mainly as material for Chinese propaganda. On November 23rd, he reportedly reacted with visible displeasure when someone in his headquarters said as much aloud.  Anami's annoyance was easy enough to understand, but the accusation carried a troubling degree of accuracy. The Second Battle of Changsha had yielded no decisive strategic gain and no substantial alteration in the military balance. What it did generate, rather effectively, was a story and by the autumn of 1941, stories were one of the few things China still had in plentiful supply. The most consequential struggles were taking place not along the Miluo River, but in foreign ministries and embassies, in Washington and Moscow, in the messages passing between Chongqing and London, and in the increasingly strained calculations of statesmen trying to determine, amid rapidly changing circumstances, whom to support and for how long.   For Chiang Kai-shek, the challenge was never merely military. It was structural, and had been so from the outset. He had always seen clearly, precisely because he understood China's weakness, that Japan could not be defeated by China alone. The country lacked the industrial base, the logistical reach, and after four years of relentless attrition more and more the manpower needed to force a decisive result on the battlefield. China's survival depended on making its war inseparable from the wars of other powers. Since 1937, Chiang's diplomacy had pursued that single objective: convincing enough great powers that their interests were aligned with China's, and holding that coalition together long enough for Japan to be subdued. That effort turned out to be vastly more difficult than it ought to have been.   The problem started with the international order in which the war emerged. Chiang had hoped to assemble a concert of allies willing to help defend China against Japanese aggression. He was blocked not just by the reluctance of neutral states to aid China, but by the speed with which alliances shifted in the opening years of the Second World War. He had never welcomed the prospect of a general European conflict, correctly fearing that it would push China even further to the margins of world attention. Even so, he recognized that once the lines had hardened between the imperial democracies and fascism, new alignments might become possible. From his perspective, the growing amity between Berlin and Moscow was therefore disastrous. He had been eager to draw the USSR into war against Japan. Instead, the Soviets were now effectively aligned with the Nazis, who were themselves allied with Tokyo.   The world created after Versailles had already enraged many Chinese. After all, the May Fourth demonstrations of 1919 had arisen directly from the settlement reached at the Paris Peace Conference. Yet that older order had at least possessed recognizable anchors, especially the dominance of the two great European empires and the United States. Now those empires were weakening, and no one could say with confidence what the new geopolitical order would be. For all Chiang knew, Germany might emerge as Europe's new dominant power. The early years of the European war produced a bewildering spectacle of diplomatic realignment.   The Nationalist government had previously enjoyed a short-lived flirtation with Nazi Germany. In fact, Hitler's regime continued supplying Chiang with munitions in the first months of China's war against Japan. The Anti-Comintern Pact of 1936 had theoretically joined Germany, Italy, and Japan into the Axis, but mutual distrust prevented them from forming anything like a fully coherent alliance. Chiang found it useful to imply to Western powers that he might be pushed into closer alignment with Germany, a particularly disturbing possibility for the USSR, which faced enemies in both Europe and Asia. But eventually the contradictions in German policy toward East Asia became too severe. In April 1938, Germany yielded to Japanese pressure and ended its support for China.   Britain offered little meaningful help. Neville Chamberlain became prime minister in May 1937 at the head of a Conservative-led National Government, and was quickly overwhelmed by the deteriorating European situation. If Czechoslovakia was for him a "far-off country of which we know nothing," China's fate was even more distant and obscure to many,  perhaps most  policymakers in London. The Nationalists had more success in cultivating the United States. At the Nine-Power Conference in Brussels in November 1937, the Chinese delegation failed to persuade Washington to impose sanctions on Japan and confront it directly. By the middle of 1938, however, American views were beginning to shift. As Japan pushed deeper into southern China, it became increasingly obvious that the occupied territory would be closed to foreign trade. In December 1938, Treasury Secretary Henry Morgenthau arranged a private American loan of $25 million to China, to be repaid through shipments of tung oil, a varnish product whose real importance lay not in itself, but in what the arrangement signified: a quiet American expression of faith that Chongqing would survive. Chiang also held on to the hope of an even less likely partnership. He had become fiercely anti-Communist during the 1920s, yet in the early years of the anti-Japanese war his greatest hope still rested on Soviet entry into the conflict. Soviet advisers and pilots had aided China from 1937 to 1939, but the USSR never formally declared war on Japan. Still, as Japanese aggression in northern Asia intensified, it remained possible that the Soviets would eventually be drawn in.   Then, as so often happened whenever Chiang tried to impose some control over the course of the war, events beyond China's borders altered the struggle in fundamental ways. While Western attention remained fixed on Europe's darkening horizon, a battle with major consequences for East Asia unfolded on the frontiers of Outer Mongolia, Manchukuo, and the eastern Soviet Union. Throughout much of 1938 and early 1939, one faction within the Japanese Imperial Army sought to pressure the Soviets along their eastern frontier. The USSR appeared vulnerable; Stalin's paranoid purges had executed or exiled many of the Red Army's best officers. In May 1939, fighting broke out near Nomonhan between forces from Soviet-backed Mongolia and Japanese troops from Manchukuo. Within days, both sides had reinforced heavily, until nearly 60,000 Soviet troops faced about 40,000 soldiers from the Kwantung Army. Over the next four months, until mid-September, they fought a major battle ending in a decisive Japanese defeat and establishing the reputation of General Georgi Zhukov, who would later become one of Stalin's most celebrated wartime commanders. The much-derided Soviet Army had fought with formidable effectiveness, and the result was not only a ceasefire but also a nonaggression pact between the two sides, extinguishing, in one stroke, Chiang's hopes for a Chinese-Soviet military alliance. The final blow came after developments in northern Europe. In the Winter War of 1939–1940, the Soviet invasion of Finland led Britain and France to back a motion expelling the USSR from the League of Nations. China, then a member of the League Council, declined to use its veto to block the resolution. Stalin was enraged by Chiang's failure to prevent Soviet expulsion, and mutual suspicion thereafter poisoned relations between the two leaders for the rest of the war against Japan. China would now have to continue without further major Soviet backing.   By the spring of 1940, China's position had become deeply precarious. In March, senior Japanese negotiators sought an agreement with Chiang in Chongqing, while Wang Jingwei was trying to formalize his rival Nationalist government in Nanjing. This effort, known in Chinese as the Tong Operation, and in Japanese as Operation Kiri, led to talks in Hong Kong from March 7 to 10, 1940. Militarily, the Nationalists were in grave danger: the United States remained neutral, and Europe was in chaos. Indeed, that same spring, with France seemingly near collapse, the British government also sent out discreet feelers to explore the possibility of a negotiated peace with Germany. For China, Western assistance was nowhere in sight. The Japanese judged the moment favorable for pressing Chiang toward concessions. Faced with serious danger to his regime, Chiang allowed the door to negotiation to open just slightly.   As a consequence, the Japanese delayed full recognition of Wang Jingwei's new government. Through the summer and autumn of 1940, Tokyo remained uncertain about the defector. Prominent Japanese figures such as Count Arima Yoriyasu of the Privy Council said Wang's conduct demonstrated his untrustworthiness, and Foreign Minister Matsuoka Yōsuke continued to express interest in an agreement with Chongqing. Zhou Fohai captured the defectors' frustration, men who believed they had made the highest patriotic sacrifice when he wrote: "Chongqing sees us as collaborators, we see ourselves as heroes. We think only peace can save the country — that's why we think of ourselves as heroes. If we end up classed as heroes, then China and Japan will be at peace. If we end up classed as collaborators, then China and Japan will never be at peace."That formulation conveyed something genuine about the moral dizziness of the period. Most of the defectors were not men devoid of principles; they were men whose principles had carried them to a place that history would find exceptionally hard to pardon.   The "New Fourth Army Incident" brought to a close one of the most consequential years in modern Chinese political history. The battle of ideas unfolding in 1940 was already visible to informed contemporaries. Early in 1941, US Ambassador Nelson Johnson sent Washington a detailed assessment of the Chinese political situation in reply to another report passed along by Major Evans Carlson, an American officer who had made an extensive journey through the Chinese interior. The contrast between the two documents revealed a widening split in American views of China. Carlson, together with his travelling companion, the New Zealander Rewi Alley, had become increasingly sympathetic to the Communists after visiting their territories in 1938 and admiring their discipline. Carlson described the Nationalists as moving toward "fascism," and argued that American aid should be conditioned on Chiang's government being compelled to adopt more "democratic" institutions.   Johnson strongly disagreed. It was "only normal and natural," he wrote, that the Nationalists wanted to retain power, but during the war they had established the National Political Consultative Council, in which multiple parties, including the Communists, were represented. He also noted that the CCP could publish its own newspaper in Chongqing in a way that would have been impossible before the war. One might have expected the Nationalists to use the war as a justification "to extinguish . . . all political opposition," yet instead they had chosen to "muddle along." Johnson further thought that the influence of competing cliques inside the Nationalist Party had been overstated. Chiang Kai-shek, by contrast, had "grown in stature, as he has come to be recognized as the symbol of united resistance to Japanese encroachment"; ultimately, "it is he who makes the final decisions." Johnson did agree with Carlson that Chiang's regime was hesitant to encourage a broad-based popular movement animated by anything beyond anti-Japanese feeling, though he also pointed to Nationalist cooperative programs and county-level reforms. But he rejected the idea that American support should depend on sweeping political transformation. Chiang was committed to continuing the war against Japan, and Washington should back him in that effort. In a notably farsighted passage, Johnson wrote: "It is my view that since the fall of the Manchu dynasty and the collapse of the traditional Chinese concept of government the Chinese people have been feeling their way along toward a new evolving form of government. A definitive form of government has not yet been established and may not be established for decades; it may or may not be in the form of a democracy, but it will be a type of government that will be adapted to the needs of China and its people." The tension between these two American interpretations,  Carlson's idealized belief in the Communists and Johnson's pragmatic support for Chiang was more than a minor bureaucratic dispute. It foreshadowed a debate that would dominate American foreign policy for the next decade, and would still echo when the People's Republic was proclaimed in 1949.   The disastrous experience of 1940 seemed to cast doubt on whether any future for China existed outside the Japanese Empire. As 1941 wore on, another dreadful event shook the exhausted wartime capital. On June 5, Chongqing endured roughly five hours of bombing, driving the population into air-raid shelters. In one tunnel in the Shibati district, the conditions were even worse than usual. The large shelter was supposed to have lights and electric fans, but the generators had never been connected. Inside, the air was dark, hot, and suffocating. Around ten that evening, people began emerging from the tunnel when rumors spread that the Japanese were returning with poison-gas bombs. Air-raid wardens forced people back inside, even as others were still trying to come out. Bodies toppled over one another, and panic spread as people realized they could not breathe. Over the next few hours, hundreds died underground in the darkness. The exact number was never definitively established: the official figure was 461, though a contemporary police report placed it far higher, at 1,527. What rescuers remembered most vividly were the tortured expressions of the dead, people tangled together in each other's arms as they lost consciousness, clothing ripped to shreds by desperate hands clawing at one another, and bodies so drenched in sweat that they looked as though they had been soaked in water. One survivor, Tang Zhengchang, remembered a hand reaching out from a pile of corpses and pleading, "Sir, please help me . . ." The grip on Tang's shorts was so tight that it pulled them off; he escaped the tunnel naked from the waist down. Official descriptions of the disaster were softened. Even so, the tragedy deepened the city's gloom and in a place already saturated with grief, an added layer of darkness mattered a great deal.   Yet events elsewhere would soon offer the National Government a narrow margin of hope. Late in 1940, Franklin D. Roosevelt won re-election as president of the United States. "I am not going to send your boys into any foreign wars," he had proclaimed during the campaign against Wendell Willkie. But Roosevelt and Secretary of State Cordell Hull both understood that Nazi domination of Europe posed a grave challenge to American influence there. And with China's "Open Door" to trade effectively shut by Japanese occupation, it was becoming increasingly clear that strict neutrality might not remain viable. In a 1941 report on China's domestic and foreign situation, Ambassador Johnson noted that during Germany's sweeping victories across Europe in mid-1940, the Chinese had become anxious about whether the Allies would remain committed to their cause. Britain's refusal to surrender, however, together with continuing Soviet goodwill, lifted public morale in China. People now looked toward the United States and Britain for support and felt that "victory" was "virtually theirs."   Then, on June 22, 1941, the world awoke to news that roughly three million German soldiers were advancing into the Soviet Union. Operation Barbarossa, Hitler's invasion of the USSR, dramatically overturned the nonaggression that had governed relations between the two major European dictatorships for the previous two years. It transformed the war in Europe entirely. Less obviously, it also transformed the war in Asia. Thanks to intelligence leaks, Chiang Kai-shek had already realized that war between Germany and the USSR was likely. After the neutrality treaty between the USSR and Japan was signed on April 13, 1941, Chiang predicted that the United States would be drawn into the Asian war, and even that Japan might eventually reverse course and strike the Soviet Union. If that happened, China would become the critical Asian ally of both Washington and Moscow. Stalin had been caught off guard by the German assault — largely because he ignored increasingly urgent warnings from senior colleagues receiving intelligence from well-placed spies in Germany and the Comintern, eager to preserve its alliances, now pressed the Chinese Communists to cooperate more closely with the Nationalists. On June 23, 1941, the CCP Central Committee responded with a declaration that it would "persevere in the Anti-Japanese United Front, persevere in Nationalist-Communist cooperation," and would align itself with the British, the Americans, and others resisting the "fascist rulers" of the Axis.   In Chongqing and Yan'an, the German attack on the Soviet Union was interpreted as a hopeful sign that Japan's fortunes might be beginning to turn. In Nanjing, the reaction was different. On June 22, Zhou Fohai recorded in his diary that, although the outcome "cannot be predicted," members of the Nanjing regime "all believe Germany will win and will take Moscow within two months." Zhou speculated that Japan could not easily reconcile its neutrality treaty with the USSR and its membership in the Anti-Comintern Pact, which was supposed to unite the Axis against Soviet expansionism. Still, because Germany had struck first, Japan was under no formal obligation to help. Zhou also continued to view events through a lens he had never abandoned: that of Chinese nationalism. "If Chongqing joins the Allies and they win," he wrote, "then this is good for China." If they lost, it would be disastrous for Chiang Kai-shek; but because Wang Jingwei had established a government in Nanjing under Japanese sponsorship, China now had "a foot in both boats." It was a ruthless calculation, but not a wholly dishonorable one. Zhou was not merely advancing Japanese interests. He was hedging, wagering on multiple futures in the name of a China he believed would endure beyond whatever constellation of powers happened to dominate at the moment. Whether posterity would judge that conduct prudent or collaborative was a question he could neither settle nor live to see resolved to his satisfaction.   The summer of 1941 marked a major geopolitical turning point in the war. Until then, the conflicts in China and Europe had remained separate, if desperate, struggles on the Eurasian continent. Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union now forced Japan to decide whether it too would enter war against the USSR. Debate in Tokyo was brief. Although some officials, including Foreign Minister Matsuoka, favored striking north before moving south, both the Kwantung Army and the Navy advised against helping Germany at least until Germany had succeeded in drawing substantial Soviet forces away from Siberia and into Europe. Konoye, once again prime minister, agreed. With the northern option set aside, Japanese leaders turned toward another great power instead: the United States. Japan's failure to gain further decisive momentum in China had fueled demands for broader regional expansion, especially into Southeast Asia, with its abundant oil, rubber, and other strategic resources. From 1940 onward, measures such as the pressure to close the Burma Road made it increasingly obvious that Tokyo had adopted a more aggressive posture in Asia. Unable to subdue China, Japanese policymakers chose instead to escalate the conflict still further.   Japanese political life had become ever more dominated by the unresolved war in China. As early as 1938, military expenditures consumed about 70 percent of the national budget, and that same year a National Mobilization Bill granted the government "total war control" over the zaibatsu, Japan's major industrial conglomerates. By 1940, the New Order was making itself felt throughout everyday life, with campaigns against luxury and extravagant consumption taking on new prominence. In February 1940, a parliamentarian was expelled from the Diet simply for daring to criticize the "holy war" in China. In such an atmosphere, retreat from imperial ambitions became increasingly unthinkable. That figure, 70 percent of the national budget devoted to the military is worth dwelling on, because it reveals something essential about the trap in which Japanese strategists had placed themselves. The war in China had not been won, yet abandoning it would have meant admitting a failure so severe that it would have shaken the ideological and institutional foundations of military supremacy in Japanese politics. The only apparent ways out required pushing further in: more conquest, more extraction, more expansion. The logic was brutally clear, and profoundly destructive.   The Roosevelt administration watched these developments with growing alarm. Though still formally neutral, the United States was already using Lend-Lease to provide major assistance to Britain and the Soviet Union in their struggles against Germany. It now expanded aid to China as well. On February 10, Roosevelt's representative Lauchlin Currie visited Chongqing to inform Chiang Kai-shek that the United States would soon provide $45 million in military equipment. General John Magruder, head of the small AMMISCA mission,  the American Military Mission in China had been sent to Chongqing in September 1941, as part of quiet preparation for possible Chinese entry into an alliance against Japan. The China branch of the OSS, precursor to the CIA, was led by General William "Wild Bill" Donovan, whom Roosevelt had dispatched to China in early 1941.   The Americans repeatedly tried to discourage Japan from moving south into Southeast Asia, but relations only grew more confrontational. Japan occupied the southern part of French Indochina, and in response the United States imposed an oil embargo in July 1941. The consequences were immense. Japan imported around 80 percent of its oil from the United States. Without that supply, its navy, the essential instrument for southern expansion  had reserves for perhaps eighteen months. The real question facing Tokyo, then, was not whether it must act, but how soon. Unable any longer to resist mounting military pressure for war, Konoye resigned on October 16 and was replaced as premier by General Tōjō Hideki. Tokyo accelerated its preparations for conflict with the Western powers. Planned targets included Singapore, Hong Kong, Malaya, the Netherlands East Indies, and the Philippines. I should note, if you want to learn about all of this history in more detail, you can go check out the pacific war channel on youtube. I have a chronological series that is just now talking about events like the Japanese invasion of french indochina and the road to pearl harbor.   Throughout the autumn of 1941, increasingly desperate negotiations took place between Japan and the United States. Washington insisted that Japan withdraw from China; Tokyo was equally firm that it would do no such thing. From the Japanese point of view, the demand to leave China was not a serious negotiating position but a demand for national humiliation a call to repudiate four years of war, vast casualties, and the ideological basis of Japanese militarism in a single diplomatic act. In the end, the gulf between the two positions could not be bridged.   While civilian and military leaders in Tokyo argued over the pace at which they should move toward war, few among Japan's rulers doubted that war was coming. At the imperial conference of November 5, it was formally agreed that if no satisfactory diplomatic solution had been reached by December 1, war would follow soon after. Talks in Washington between Ambassador Nomura Kichisaburō, diplomat Kurusu Saburō, and Secretary of State Cordell Hull led nowhere. On November 26, Hull delivered a note repeating the American position that Japan must withdraw from both China and Indochina. On December 1, the imperial conference resolved to go to war; the following day, the date of attack was fixed as December 8, December 7 by American time. In one sense, this was the culmination toward which the entire previous decade had been moving. The war in China had started as a localized conflict, then expanded into a continental one, and was now about to become something larger still: a truly global war, stretching from the North Atlantic to the western Pacific. China's long, lonely resistance would suddenly gain new dimensions and new allies,  though not the ones Chiang had spent four years trying to cultivate, and not under circumstances he would have chosen.   In the early morning of December 7, 1941, the US Pacific Fleet lay anchored at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii, its sailors and officers still largely asleep as dawn crept across the Pacific. The attack did not come without warning signs,  American and Japanese diplomats had been locked in increasingly desperate negotiations throughout the autumn, each side hardening its position until no room remained to maneuver. Washington had demanded that Japan withdraw from China, a condition Tokyo viewed not as a serious opening offer but as a demand for national humiliation: a call to repudiate four years of brutal war, hundreds of thousands of casualties, and the entire ideological foundation upon which Japanese militarism rested. No agreement was possible on those terms, and both sides privately knew it.   The strike force assembled in secret was formidable. Six aircraft carriers,  the Akagi, Kaga, Sōryū, Hiryū, Shōkaku, and Zuikaku had sailed under strict radio silence across the North Pacific, launching their aircraft in two successive waves before the American base had any meaningful chance to respond. The first wave of approximately 183 planes swept in just before 8 a.m., targeting the rows of battleships moored along Battleship Row and the military airfields at Wheeler, Hickam, and Ford Island simultaneously, ensuring that American aircraft could not scramble in time to mount an effective defense. A second wave of roughly 170 planes followed less than an hour later, pressing the attack on damaged ships and harbor installations.   The destruction was staggering. The battleship Arizona suffered a catastrophic magazine explosion after a armor-piercing bomb penetrated her forward decks, killing nearly 1,177 of her crew in minutes, almost half of the total American dead from the entire attack. The Oklahoma capsized after being struck by multiple torpedoes. The West Virginia and California sank at their moorings. In total, seventeen vessels were damaged or destroyed, and the vast majority of military aircraft at the nearby airfields were caught on the ground and obliterated before they could take flight. Around 2,400 Americans were killed and another 1,100 wounded, making it the deadliest single attack on American soil or territory in the nation's history to that point.   Yet the attack was not a complete strategic success for Japan. The US Pacific Fleet's aircraft carriers, the vessels that would ultimately decide the naval war in the Pacific happened to be at sea that morning and escaped unharmed. The harbor's fuel storage and repair facilities were also left largely intact, allowing the fleet to reconstitute faster than Japanese planners had anticipated. What Japan achieved in tactical devastation, it partly squandered in strategic miscalculation. The attack ended American neutrality instantly and irrevocably. The following day, President Roosevelt addressed Congress, calling December 7 "a date which will live in infamy," and within hours the United States declared war on Japan. For China, after more than four years of fighting alone, the blow that devastated Pearl Harbor paradoxically carried a thread of desperate hope at last, the great power Chiang Kai-shek had spent years trying to draw into the conflict had arrived, not under circumstances he would have chosen, but arrived nonetheless. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. After years of fighting, China's situation darkened in 1941 with intense bombing of Chongqing and fears of poison-gas attacks. Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union in June shifted alliances and pressured Japan toward wider war. Japan escalated plans for Southeast Asia, suffered an oil embargo, and negotiations with the United States broke down over withdrawing from China and Indochina. Then the Pearl Harbor attack began the Pacific War.

Are wearable devices like Fitbits, Apple Watches, and fitness trackers really worth it? In this episode of the “NASM CPT Podcast,” host Rick Richey dives deep into the science and practical truth behind modern wearable tech.

One prominent UFO researcher once said, if you start looking for patterns, you will find them. And people think one of the worst patterns to emerge in 2026 is the pattern of important scientists going missing or ending up dead.   Is it a fear‑mongering conspiracy where netizens are connecting together a few dots and calling it a line? A link? Or is it a real legitimate theory? I can't be the one to tell you.   Dr. Chen, a Chinese researcher based in the United States, has the type of resume where if something happens to him it makes you want to throw coincidence out the window.   Outside a small Massachusetts courthouse, he locks eyes with a younger man… and within seconds, Chen is running him down, firing 5 to 6 shots, and leaving his 23‑year‑old nephew dead in the parking lot. Has this once brilliant scientist finally gone mad?       Full show notes available at RottenMangoPodcast.com Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.