Podcasts about alba iulia

”Bucureștiul a fost condus tot timpul din birou. Și se vede acest lucru” spune Edmond Niculușcă, fondatorul ARCEN (Asociația Română pentru Cultură, Educație și Normalitate), invitatul celui mai nou episod Vorbitorincii. Am aflat istoria Casei Mița Biciclista și cine a fost această doamnă, ce ascunde blocul Wilson și ce se află la Ciclop, dar și o mulțime de alte povești extraordinare despre București. Nu uitați că pe 21 iunie, nici nu mai e atât de mult până atunci, vă așteptăm la Alba Iulia să vorbim despre RE-UNIRE. Linkul pentru bilete îl găsiți pe pagina noastră de facebook. 00:01:30 - O ploaie teribilă la București, motiv să vorbim și despre un text de Calistrat Hogaș, o insinuare teribilă din partea lui Cătălin și aflăm că Radu, ”leuțul”, își ”ciumpăvește” singur mustața :)) 00:20:05 - Cu bucurie, pentru București. Cu Edmond Niculușcă 01:48:22 - Țuică cu schinduf, adusă de Radu de la Suceava, poale-n brâu și un moment de grație la meciul de retragere al handbalistei Cristina Neagu, povestim și pe unde am mai fost și ce am mai văzut în ultimele două săptămâni și avem o vorbă despre lecturile din anii liceului; explicăm expresiile ”a avea orbul găinilor” și ”a trage spuza pe turta ta” 02:34:41 - Spuma Filelor vă aduce următoarele titluri și autori: Câinii din Galveias - José Luís Peixoto, Illuminati. De la societate secretă la teoriile conspirației - Pierre‑Yves Beaurepaire, Șapte zile cu Cezar Ivănescu - Viorel Ilișoi 02:59:02 - Oale ulcele și tigăi cu poale-n brâu și o călătorie la Suflet de România, târgul de pe Domeniul Regal de la Săvârșin (P)

Prieteni, Răzvan Lucescu este invitatul acestei ediții cu numărul 110. Interviul nu este doar despre fotbal, cum poate ați putea crede. Urmărindu-l, veți descoperi un om foarte echilibrat, cu o viziune foarte bună asupra vieții, un om fericit și îndrăgostit, un om pasionat de profesia lui. Am intrat și în dedesubturi sportive, dar și în ale societății și am ascultat povești ale familiei Lucescu. Prețioase momente.  00:01:35 - Ne încălzim cu pui ardelenesc, bancuri scurte și infantile (cum ar zice Radu) și câteva perle din noua carte semnată de Radu Paraschivescu, În virtutea inepției - avem și două exemplare, prin tragere la sorți, pentru comunitatea de membri plătitori, facem anunțul cât de curând. Altfel, mai împărtășim gânduri despre președintele ales și vă anunțăm că pe 21 iunie vom fi la Alba Iulia pentru Întâlnirile Vorbitorincii. O să punem biletele în vânzare cât de curând. 00:50:17 - Salonic - OK - PAOK. Cu Răzvan Lucescu 02:13:06 - Spuma filelor vă aduce următoarele titluri: Daniel Pennac - Cazul Malaussene I. M-au mințit, Anne Applebaum - Axa autocraților, Sorj Chalandon - Înverșunat, Cătălin Ceaușoglu - Dezrădăcinații. 02:39:18 - Fotbal și fotbalamuc într-o formă restrânsă, doar cât să vă dovedim că și noi ne pricepem la fotbal, nu doar invitatul nostru - Poli Timișoara, Cristi Chivu și salvarea Parmei, Luka Modrić și Real Madrid  02:53:43 - Oale, ulcele și tigăi cu minciunele, lapte de pasăre cu caramel sărat și altele. Dar pe cele mai importante le-am numit

Vă prezentăm un minunat interviu cu Părintele Gheorghe Calciu realizat în anul 2004 la postul de radio Reîntregirea din Alba Iulia, de către actualul PS Ignatie Mureșanul, episcop de Huși.Interviul este o incursiune profundă în universul credinței și al rezistenței sufletești. Părintele evocă atmosfera plină de credință a copilăriei și adolescenței sale, marcate de valori spirituale puternice.Discuția se îndreaptă apoi spre experiențele dramatice din timpul fenomenului Pitești, o perioadă de suferință și tortură, dar și de întărire a credinței.Sunt rememorate și cele Șapte Cuvinte către tineri, o serie de predici curajoase și inspiratoare, rostite în fața opresiunii comuniste. Interviul se încheie cu o analiză pertinentă a problemelor civice și duhovnicești care frământau societatea românească în anul 2004, oferind o perspectivă plină de înțelepciune și speranță și pentru evenimentele actuale.Audiție plăcută!Pentru Pomelnice și Donații accesați: https://www.chilieathonita.ro/pomelnice-si-donatii/Pentru mai multe articole (texte, traduceri, podcasturi) vedeți https://www.chilieathonita.ro/

Festivitatea de premiere a Galei Tanarului Actor Hop avut loc duminică, 31 august. O discuție cu Ioana Bogatan, managerul teatrului.

Sub generoasa temă a autenticității, a 27-a ediție a Galei Hop reunește 36 de actori care vor concura timp de trei zile pe scena Teatrului Prichindel. Am stat de vorbș cu regizorul Erwin Șimșensohn, director al Teatrului de Stat Constanța și Director artistic al Galei.

În a doua jumătate a acestei săptămâni va avea loc GalaTânărului Actor HOP 2024. Concursul Galei se va desfășura în perioada 28-30 august începând cu ora 18.00, la Teatrul de Păpuși „Prichindel” din Alba Iulia, cu transmisiune live pe www.galahop.uniter.ro. Nu uitați că vă puteți vota favoriţii pe www.galahop.ro! Votul este deschis doar în data de 31 august, de la ora 00.00 la 17.00!Am stat de vorba cu actrita Mihaela Velicu, membra a juriului de preselectie si fost participant la Hop.

Biserica Salem, Alba Iulia - mesaj de încurajare și zidire spirituală, rostit de pastorul Iosif Anca, în data de 28 aprilie 2024.

Biserica Salem, Alba Iulia - mesaj de încurajare și zidire spirituală, rostit de pastorul Iosif Anca, în data de 28 aprilie 2024.

The 587th of a series of weekly radio programmes created by :zoviet*france: First broadcast 7 October 2023 by Resonance 104.4 FM and CJMP 90.1 FM Thanks to the artists included here for their fine work. track list 00 Roddy Hunter - Intro 01 Nic-D'ea - Seize the Day 02 Chris Osborne - Byzantine Chant, Catadrala Încoronārii, Alba Iulia, Romania [extract] 03 Émilie Girard-Charest & Marc Vilanova - Uncanny Valley 04 – Solo Cello 04 UnicaZürn - Temporal Lapse – 1 05 David Lee Myers - CR_35 06 :zoviet*france: and Fossil Aerosol Mining Project - Enrobbed En Illio 07 S. Grey - Garage 08 Tuonela - The Wind Between the Stars [extract] 09 Billy Yfantis - Sleeping 09 Tuonela - A Gleaming Shape She Floated By 10 Offthesky - Silt Water Tear 11 Wreaths - Lying Lonely in a Field with One Thousand Radio Beacons 12 [unknown artist / SE Trains] - stb_bal 13 Bagawire - Abendropenschaffe ++ Roddy Hunter - Outro

Weekendul asta venim in turneu: Sibiu, Timisoara, Alba Iulia! Bilete aici: https://www.iabilet.ro/cauta/?q=Niste+Oameni Pe Patreon te așteaptă o grămadă de Niște Continut Exclusiv! 100% mai mult podcast, ediții extended de Nu Știu, Zic! și alte surprize. https://www.patreon.com/Nisteoameni --- Grup Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/221885682023737/ --- Suntem pe: Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/ro/podcast/nistepodcast/id1459130691 Spotity: https://open.spotify.com/show/4IYcKCSff73d71Ab8sqcyC Soundcloud: https://soundcloud.com/niste-oameni --- #NisteOameni pe instagram: https://www.instagram.com/nisteoameni/ Virgil: https://www.instagram.com/virgil_elchulin/ Ioana-Luiza: https://www.instagram.com/ioanaluiza8/ Mitran: https://www.instagram.com/dragosmitran/ Mirică: https://www.instagram.com/_mirica/ #NisteOameni #Podcast Copyright © 2023 All rights reserved

Venim în turneu! Sibiu, Timișoara, Alba-Iulia, 11-12-13 august. Bilete early bird: https://www.iabilet.ro/cauta/?q=nisteoameni Toată vara, în fiecare Joi, ne găsiți în Vama Veche la terasa Famagusta cu stand-up de vacanță! Bilete la locație. Rezervări: 0745 146 263 Pe Patreon ai 100% mai mult podcast + toate edițiile extended de la Nu Știu, Zic! https://www.patreon.com/Nisteoameni --- Grup Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/221885682023737/ --- Suntem pe: Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/ro/podcast/nistepodcast/id1459130691 Spotity: https://open.spotify.com/show/4IYcKCSff73d71Ab8sqcyC Soundcloud: https://soundcloud.com/niste-oameni --- #NisteOameni pe instagram: https://www.instagram.com/nisteoameni/ Virgil: https://www.instagram.com/virgil_elciulin/ Ioana-Luiza: https://www.instagram.com/ioanaluiza8/ Mitran: https://www.instagram.com/dragosmitran/ Mirică: https://www.instagram.com/_mirica/ #NisteOameni #Podcast Copyright © 2023 All rights reserved

Înregistrare realizată în data de 14 septembrie 1969, la Mănăstirea Căldărușani. Episcopul Iuliu Hossu, vicepreședinte al Marelui Sfat Național, citește Rezoluția Adunării de la Alba Iulia. Sursa: Arhiva Radio Europa Liberă.

A rupt Maică-ta la Electric Castle! Vezi pe Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Nisteoameni Venim în turneu! Sibiu, Timișoara, Alba-Iulia, 11-12-13 august. Bilete early bird: https://www.iabilet.ro/cauta/?q=nisteoameni Toată vara, în fiecare Joi, ne găsiți în Vama Veche la terasa Famagusta cu stand-up de vacanță! Bilete la locație. Rezervări: 0745 146 263 Pe Patreon ai 100% mai mult podcast + toate edițiile extended de la Nu Știu, Zic! https://www.patreon.com/Nisteoameni --- Grup Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/221885682023737/ --- Suntem pe: Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/ro/podcast/nistepodcast/id1459130691 Spotity: https://open.spotify.com/show/4IYcKCSff73d71Ab8sqcyC Soundcloud: https://soundcloud.com/niste-oameni --- #NisteOameni pe instagram: https://www.instagram.com/nisteoameni/ Virgil: https://www.instagram.com/virgil_elciulin/ Ioana-Luiza: https://www.instagram.com/ioanaluiza8/ Mitran: https://www.instagram.com/dragosmitran/ Mirică: https://www.instagram.com/_mirica/ #NisteOameni #Podcast Copyright © 2023 All rights reserved

Venim în turneu! Sibiu, Timișoara, Alba-Iulia, 11-12-13 august. Bilete early bird: https://www.iabilet.ro/cauta/?q=nisteoameni Toată vara, în fiecare Joi, ne găsiți în Vama Veche la terasa Famagusta cu stand-up de vacanță! Bilete la locație. Rezervări: 0745 146 263 Pe Patreon ai 100% mai mult podcast + toate edițiile extended de la Nu Știu, Zic! https://www.patreon.com/Nisteoameni --- Grup Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/221885682023737/ --- Suntem pe: Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/ro/podcast/nistepodcast/id1459130691 Spotity: https://open.spotify.com/show/4IYcKCSff73d71Ab8sqcyC Soundcloud: https://soundcloud.com/niste-oameni --- #NisteOameni pe instagram: https://www.instagram.com/nisteoameni/ Virgil: https://www.instagram.com/virgil_elciulin/ Ioana-Luiza: https://www.instagram.com/ioanaluiza8/ Mitran: https://www.instagram.com/dragosmitran/ Mirică: https://www.instagram.com/_mirica/ #NisteOameni #Podcast Copyright © 2023 All rights reserved

Venim în turneu! Sibiu, Timișoara, Alba-Iulia, 11-13 august. Bilete early bird: https://www.iabilet.ro/cauta/?q=niste+oameni Toată vara, în fiecare Joi, ne găsiți în Vama Veche la terasa Famagusta cu stand-up de vacanță! Bilete la locație. Rezervări: 0745 146 263 Pe Patreon ai 100% mai mult podcast + toate edițiile extended de la Nu Știu, Zic! https://www.patreon.com/Nisteoameni --- Grup Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/221885682023737/ --- Suntem pe: Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/ro/podcast/nistepodcast/id1459130691 Spotity: https://open.spotify.com/show/4IYcKCSff73d71Ab8sqcyC Soundcloud: https://soundcloud.com/niste-oameni --- #NisteOameni pe instagram: https://www.instagram.com/nisteoameni/ Virgil: https://www.instagram.com/virgil_elciulin/ Ioana-Luiza: https://www.instagram.com/ioanaluiza8/ Mitran: https://www.instagram.com/dragosmitran/ Mirică: https://www.instagram.com/_mirica/ #NisteOameni #Podcast Copyright © 2023 All rights reserved

Ref.: Pfr. Prof. Dr. Thomas Schwartz, Geschäftsführer Renovabis Ref.: Dr. András Márton, Caritas Direktor der Erzdiözese Alba Iulia, Rumänien

Transilvania este în general asociată cu vinurile albe. Însă ar fi un clișeu să spunem că Transilvania înseamnă doar vinuri albe, seci, minerale. Face și vinuri roșii - dintre care unele sunt de excepție. N-o spun eu, o spun oameni care se pricep mai bine. Transilvania are peste 70 de producători certificați și o varietate impresionantă de vinuri. Despre vinurile din Transilvania am discutat în acest episod cu Ionuț Vasc și Răzvan Secară, doi antreprenori din Alba Iulia care și-au propus să adune cumva sub o singură umbrelă vinurile din Transilvania, așa că au creat vinuridintransilvania.ro I-am întrebat despre producătorii pe care i-au adunat și poveștile lor, despre soiurile de vin descoperite și despre moștenirea austro-ungară în domeniul vinului. Lasă un review sau un comment acolo unde asculți, iar dacă vrei să primești episoadele pe mail, intră pe www.intervin.show

La Ville de Lyon continue son chemin vers la transition écologique avec un nouveau programme européen. ASCEND, c'est son nom, rassemble huit villes d'Europe qui souhaitent bâtir des quartiers à énergie positive. Les heureuses élues sont Lyon, bien sûr, mais aussi Munich, Porto, Budapest, Alba Iulia, Charleroi, Prague et Stockholm. Pour mener à bien cette mission, la Commission Européenne a débloqué 20 millions d'euros, dont 3 millions pour le projet de la Ville de Lyon. Celui-ci se concentre sur le quartier de la Confluence pour le rendre encore plus agréable à vivre. La réduction des émissions de CO2 et la sobriété énergétique sont au cœur des préoccupations. Pour y parvenir, le développement des mobilités douces est privilégié, avec la construction de trois nouvelles lignes de tramway, ou encore l'aménagement d'espaces urbains favorables aux piétons. Et surtout, l'élément phare du projet, c'est le déploiement des panneaux photovoltaïques, déjà été largement commencé à la Confluence. Il s'agit d'un développement des énergies renouvelables que Lyon veut faire avec les habitants. Pour Maxime Valentin, directeur de l'innovation et du développement durable à la SPL Lyon-Confluence, le but est de “développer des nouveaux modèles économiques pour faire en sorte que l'énergie renouvelable soit consommée localement et bénéficie directement à ses habitants”. Des communautés énergétiques vont alors être créées, à l'échelle de groupes d'une dizaine d'habitants pour consommer l'énergie produite. “Cet aspect-là est emblématique du programme ASCEND, c'est mettre l'innovation au service de l'environnement mais l'environnement directement au service des habitants,” continue Maxime Valentin. Un autre aspect emblématique du programme ASCEND, c'est qu'il favorise le travail commun entre les différentes villes européennes. Ces échanges de bonnes pratiques sont, pour Xavier Desgain, adjoint au maire de Charleroi chargé de la mobilité, de l'énergie et de la transition écologique, essentiels sur le chemin de la transition écologique. “Lyon et Munich sont beaucoup plus avancées que nous à Charleroi, donc on va profiter de leur expérience pour gagner du temps dans les procédures et convaincre les autres en montrant que ça se fait dans les autres villes.” Et les apprentissages se font dans les deux sens parce que même si Lyon a la position de ville leader avec Munich et doit donc inspirer à l'échelle européenne, “chacun a à apprendre de l'autre”, pour Grégory Doucet, maire de Lyon. Il est d'ailleurs déjà intéressé par le travail sur les mobilités de la ville de Stockholm. Le programme ASCEND vient d'être lancé et continuera jusqu'en 2028.

În acest episod vorbesc despre Războiul Român-Ungar, conflict care se poate încadra în Primul Război Mondial, sau poate fi văzut ca o replică sau un eveniment separat. După destrămarea Imperiului Austro-Ungar, Ungaria devine republică, iar mai apoi comuniștii preiau puterea prin regimul lui Béla Kun. România e la început într-o stare incertă, însă mai apoi, recunoscută ca aliată a Antantei și prinsă geografic între două țări comuniste, decide a trece Tisa și a ocupa Ungaria. Antanta nu tocmai aprobă aceste acțiuni, dar în cele din urmă francezii folosesc prilejul pentru a obține putere politică în Europa. Tratatul de la Trianon consfințește Unirea Transilvaniei cu Regatul României, așa cum a propus Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba-Iulia pe 1 decembrie 1918.Support the show

Ediţia a 25-a a Galei Tânărului Actor HOP, program de tradiție al UNITER, s-a încheiat în seara zilei de 27 august, la Casa de Cultură a Studenților din Alba Iulia. citiţi mai departe

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Boschetari, tați moderni, copii bătuți și rețeta pentru o societate funcțională. Un nou episod de succes! Ne vedem la showuri!

Un avertisment pentru hoți scris în limba română într-un supermarket din Londra a generat un val mare de comentarii pro și contra. Mihai Chirica face acuzaţii grave: PSD ştia că vine pandemia. Partidul Ecologist Roman cere interzicerea intrării lui George Soros pe teritoriul României. Netflix India a fost criticat pentru un serial în care un băiat musulman sărută o fată hindusă. Mai puține teste, dar mai multe cazuri pozitive Covid, săptămâna trecută în România. Victor Ponta spune că românii se îmbolnăvesc şi mor pentru că nu sunt testaţi la timp. Comisia Națională de Strategie și Prognoză nu vede o revenire în V a economiei. Evenimentele dedicate Zilei Naţionale la Alba Iulia, sub semnul pandemiei. Manifestațiile vor fi transmise online. Un aliat important al lui Donald Trump l-a îndemnat să renunţe la procese: „Comportamentul echipei de avocaţi e o ruşine naţională”. Igor Dodon își îndeamnă susținătorii să treacă peste înfrângere cu 50 de grame de alcool. Tema muzicală: Jester Of No Court - Solidarity Forever

INTERVIU 00:45 BOGDAN NAUMOVICI ne dezvăluie nenumăratele jocuri ale copilăriei lui și avantajele de a fi decrețel, detaliază marea lui pasiune pentru legendarul Michael Jordan și cum și-a apărat facultatea la Revoluție. INTERVIU 28:47 RADU NIȚĂ ne descrie ce a însemnat pentru el experiența alături de Cronicari Digitali și ne învață cum arată o fotografie bună despre România. Mai mult, ne explică paradoxul condiției de influencer. „CU VORBA BUNĂ” 41:01 Povești greu de crezut. Mituri care au pus la treabă imaginația a generații întregi. Oameni și proiecte nebunești. Ce e adevăr, ce e legendă? Uneori, realitatea își scoate pălăria în fața unei născociri irezistibile. „Cu vorba bună" este rubrica în care îți spunem ce lucruri incredibile am mai aflat. În episodul de azi, poveștile uimitoare din Alba Iulia și din împrejurimi.  INTERVIU 44:12 RUXANDRA VODĂ, director de comunicare Telekom România, ne vorbește despre lecțiile învățate în pandemie, cum să te adaptezi la situațiile neprevăzute și care sunt noile căi de comunicare, într-un prezent atipic.

View full show notes here: https://www.cannabis-conversation.com/blogs/episode66This week we're joined by Mark Reinders, CEO of HempFlax Group who are the largest independent grower and processor of industrial hemp in Europe. Mark is also a board member for The European Industrial Hemp Association (EIHA).Together, we discuss the uses and applications of industrial hemp including its use in home insulation, as a bioplastic, and as a building material.About MarkMark is the CEO of HempFlax, Europe's largest independent hemp grower and processor. Mark has been at HempFlax since 2008 and was appointed CEO in 2016. HempFlax has operations across Europe, with over 2,400 hectares of hemp expected to be harvested in 2020.Raised in a farming family, Mark holds bachelor's degrees in agribusiness and crop production from Het Van Hall Instituut and a Master of Science degree in management from Nyenrode University.From 2016 to 2019, Mark served as president of the European Industrial Hemp Association, Europe's foremost coalition of the industrial hemp-processing industry. He continues to sit on its board of directors today.Episode SummaryHempFlax was founded in 1993 by Ben Dronkers with the aim of restoring the age-old crop to its former glory and reviving the industrial hemp industry. In the process, HempFlax has grown from 140 hectares of industrial hemp fibre in 1994 to 2500 hectares in 2017, in 2020 they expect to cultivate 3500 hectares. Their cultivation takes place in the Netherlands, Germany and Romania with their factories located in Oude Pekela, Netherlands and Alba Iulia, Romania.HempFlax are currently providing industrial hemp for use in car production to BMW, Mercedes, Bugatti, Jaguar and Bentley.Mark's father was a hemp farmer so he grew up around the crop. Mark strengthened this knowledge through interning at the company in 2000. It was in 2007 when Ben asked Mark to rejoin the team.Mark is a board member for EIHA, who are lobbying in Brussels for the recognition of Hemp amongst other activities. In The Netherlands, industrial hemp is prohibited unless it is grown for fibre and seeds, leaves and flowers are not allowed to be harvested. Across the border in Germany, this is allowed.New applications for industrial hemp are constantly being developed, it has an incredible amount of uses.It can be used as a construction material for houses, insulation, car parts, scooters, furniture and reusable cups.It can also be used as animal bedding or litter which is completely safe for animals and humans due to its lack of additives and minimal processing.The hemp plant thrives in almost any climate, it grows very quickly with little maintenance. No chemicals are required to grow it as it is resistant to pests and diseases.It consumes little water per kilo of fibre, much less than cotton, whose cultivation can be extremely harmful to the environment.Hemp also stores carbon dioxide during its growth, which is great for balancing the C02 levels in the environment.40% of the worldwide carbon dioxide emission is caused by construction and heating and cooling buildings. Traditional Fibreglass insulation is difficult to work with, it can be harmful to the skin and even inhaled. Hemp fibre on the other hand is non toxic and uses 10x less energy in its production than Fibreglass.HempFlax are also working within Bioplastics, by combining

“I, Khan, the emissary of the heavenly king, to whom he gave power over the earth to lift up those who subject themselves to me and lay low those who resist, am amazed at you, king of Hungary – that when I will have sent you envoys thirty times, you do not send any of them back to me, and send me neither your messengers nor letters. I know that you are a wealthy and powerful king, that you have many soldiers under you, and alone you rule a great kingdom. And, therefore, it is difficult for you to submit yourself to me voluntarily. However, it would be better and more beneficial if you were to voluntarily submit to me! I have understood, in addition, that you are keeping the Cumans, my slaves, under your protection, for which reason I command you not to keep them with you any longer, and do not have me as your enemy because of them! It is easier for them to escape than you because they, lacking houses and migrating about with tents, might perhaps get away. But you, living in houses, having castles and cities – how will you escape my hands?”   So reads the famous ultimatum sent by Batu, grandson of Chinggis Khan, to Bela IV, King of Hungary. Our previous two episodes have covered the rapid Mongol campaign across the western steppe from 1236-1240, conquering the Volga Bulghars, the Alans, the Cuman-Qipchaqs and the Rus’ principalities. Having just taken Kiev in December 1240, Batu and mighty Subutai cast their eyes to Eastern Europe: Poland, the Hungarian Kingdom and beyond. I’m your host David, and this is Kings and Generals: Ages of Conquests.   The man standing between Europe and the Mongols was Bela IV, King of Hungary, a great power of Europe. The Magyars, as the Hungarians call themselves, came to Europe as nomadic horse archers like the Mongols, conquering the Pannonian Basin -Hungary- in the 8th century and raiding western Europe. At Lechfeld in 955 they were defeated by the Holy Roman Emperor Otto I and some fifty odd years later these pagans officially adopted Christianity with the baptism of Stephen I, first King of Hungary, on Christmas Day 1,000. In the following centuries they abandoned the old ways, but with a still formidable military the Hungarian Kingdom emerged as the lead power between the Holy Roman Empire in Germany and the Rus’ principalities to the east. Controlling not just modern Hungary but large swathes of Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Croatia and Bosnia, the Hungarian monarch controlled a diverse realm, the crossroads between Catholic and Orthodox Christendom.   Bela IV made few friends after his coronation in 1235. Born in 1206, the same year Chinggis Khan declared his Empire in distant Mongolia, Bela had a rocky relationship with his father King Andrew, whose decentralization of the kingdom through rich land rewards to the nobility frustrated Bela. Their tension progressed, Bela essentially making himself an autonomous monarch in Hungary’s Croatian territory. With Bela’s marriage to a Byzantine princess, Andrew urged the Pope to annul the union and forced Bela from the Kingdom. Ultimately he let his son return, making him ruler of Transylvania in the 1220s, where Bela came into regular contact with the Cumans. Cuman presence increased with the eastern upheavals from Mongol expansion, Cuman Khans fleeing to Hungary for asylum and baptism. Bela was drawn to the Cumans as a pillar of support against his father, while also boosting his reputation as a good Christian ruler by encouraging missionary work among them, styling himself King of the Cumans. Bela’s first years as King after 1235 saw the reclamation of crown lands and reduction in privileges of the nobility while expanding the Kingdom. Border territories were taken from Bulgaria and in 1238 Bela’s brother Coloman extended their rule in Bosnia by force. Bela’s efforts made him unpopular among the aristocracy of the kingdom, who felt their rights trampled upon.When a large body of Cumans under Khan Kotjen sought refuge in Hungary in 1239, Bela was only too happy to welcome them. 40,000 skilled mounted archers loyal directly to Bela provided him a massive bodyguard against a possible uprising from the barons of the kingdom, and Bela heaped rewards and rights to them.   Bela was not unaware of the Mongols’ western expansion. One contemporary author, Thomas of Spalato, records that the Hungarians had heard so many rumours of impending Mongol invasions that when news came of their arrival in the 1240s, it was treated as a joke. Bela certainly had up to date information from refugees like Kotjen Khan and Mikhail Vsevolodovich (Vsye-vo-lod-o-vich), Prince of Chernigov, and the Domincian Friar Julian returned with letters from Batu demanding Bela’s submission, preceding a number of Mongol envoys.  Contrary to popular depictions and contemporary accusations, Bela was not a monarch sitting idly on his hands; he had foreknowledge and some measures were enacted. Passes through the Carpathian mountains, the shield dividing the Hungarian plain from the Eurasian steppe, were blocked with wooden barriers and fallen trees, and some fortresses in Transylvania were refortified. The crux of his defense relied on the Cumans; their horse archery and experience in steppe tactics were a mighty aid to the already formidable Hungarian army. Bela was the only monarch in Europe preparing for their arrival. Of course, nothing went to plan. Tensions flared between the Cumans and the kingdom’s sedentary population. The sources speak of anger at Cumans herds allowed to roam through peasants’ fields, distrust at the close proximity of pagans, all encouraged by Hungarian lords eager to undermine Bela’s powerbase, to dire consequence.   On the fall of Kiev on the 6th of December, 1241, Batu and Subutai moved their army west and broke off into columns. The total force for the invasion of Europe is difficult to gauge, estimates of around 50-60,000 troops being common. Intelligence was carefully collected, strengths assessed. Batu was fearful of being outflanked by the enemy, and it was deemed necessary to send a portion of the army into Poland, at that time divided into five duchies- Bela IV’s sister was married to a lead Polish Duke. Despite some modern comments, the whole campaign was no mere raid. Structurally it differed little from the previous years of campaigning and the Mongol belief in world hegemony was well established. At the borders of Hungary and Poland at the start of 1241, Batu anticipated a conquest of both, and likely expected to push into Germany as well.   The army split into two main theaters. One group under Orda and Baidar was to strike Poland, preventing the Polish duchies from aiding the Hungarians. The main army was to conquer Hungary, certainly intending to use its grassland as a forward base for further operations. Batu and Subutai lead the main army, sending three smaller detachments to penetrate various passes along Hungary’s Carparthian frontier, allowing them to surround the enemy.  We’ll deal first with the Polish invasion.    In January 1241 the first Mongol scouts entered Polish territory, followed by Orda’s main force in February, generally estimated around 10-20,000 men. Orda, Batu’s older brother, moved quickly in two main divisions under himself and Chagatai’s son Baidar. The attack on Poland was swift and ferocious: by the 13th of February, Sandomierz, capital of a Polish duchy, was taken. An engagement at Tursko saw the Polish knights get the better in the initial clash, only to be destroyed when the Mongols regrouped and surprised them. From Sandomierz they followed the Vistula River, sending contingents north to harass, pillage and burn, causing confusion as to their movements and hampering the already slow Polish response. On the 18th of March, the army of Boleslaw V, ‘the Chaste,’ Duke of Sandomierz, was destroyed at Chmielnik (Hhe-myel-nik); shortly afterwards, the Mongols sacked the Polish capital, Krakow. Boleslaw V fled to the kingdom of his brother-in-law, Bela IV.   The Polish High Duke at that time was not in Krakow, but in his home duchy of Silesia. Henry II the Pious was the lead member of the fragmented Piast dynasty, duke of Silesia and High Duke of Poland since 1238. His preparations were slow and by the time he readied his army, the Mongols were in Silesia, western Poland.  Henry was supposed to wait for aid from his brother-in-law, King Vaclav I of Bohemia, but found the Mongols approaching too quickly, following the Oder River to the Silesian capital of Wroclaw [Breslau]. On the 9th of April, 1241, Henry’s army met the Mongols under Orda and Baidar at Legnica, better known as Liegnitz or Wahlstatt [German, ‘vahlstaht’], west of Wroclaw.    The Liegnitz battle is not recorded as well as Mohi, and a considerable amount of details were added by later authors. Illustrative of this is the notion that a contingent of Teutonic Knights under their Grand Master Poppo von Osterna were present, and that Qadan or Qaidu led Mongol contingents there. In reality, Poppo von Osterna was not Hochmeister until 1253 and the Teutonic Order provided no troops for the battle- though the Templars provided 500 peasants from their landed estates. Qadan, a son of Ogedai, was not present, as he led an army into Transylvania, and Qaidu, the grandson of Ogedai famed for his conflict with Kublai Khan, was certainly absent, as he was only about 10 years old!   Liegnitz is often presented as the Mongols easily overwhelming the Polish and German forces of Henry II, but the medieval chronicles demonstrate that the Europeans made a good show of themselves. A Polish Fransciscan reported that another Polish friar, Benedict, was told by the Mongols that they were on the point of retreat when Polish resistance collapsed. The 15th century Polish writer Jan Dlugosz describes the Poles holding their own against the Mongols in the first half of the battle. But the Mongols had a trick: a standard bearer waved his banner violently and sent forth a smokescreen, so foul the Poles lost order. Stephen Haw postulates that this poisonous smoke was gunpowder, or perhaps firelances. For the Poles who had never encountered such devices, it was overwhelming. Polish order collapsed and they were overrun. Nine sacks of ears were said to have been filled, and Duke Henry was decapitated, his severed head paraded on a lance before neighbouring cities. The suburbs of his capital at Wroclaw were destroyed, though the citadel held out.   Mongol losses may have been high, as they were unwilling to meet King Vaclav of Bohemia’s army. Small parties were briefly sent into eastern Germany where the town of Meissen, just west of Dresden, suffered an attack, but Orda and Baidar moved south to link up with Batu, cutting through the Bohemian Kingdom, modern Czechia. Stiff local resistance in Bohemia proper convinced Orda to pass through Bohemian controlled Moravia. Fortified points were bypassed for speed, but villages in the countryside suffered. Through the Vlara Pass they entered the Hungarian Kingdom on its northwestern border in May 1241. As that takes us to Hungary, let skip back a few weeks.    After the deparuture of Orda and Baidar in February 1241, Batu and Subutai took the rest of the army to Hungary, dividing their forces to overwhelm their foe at multiple points. On March 12th, Batu and Subutai crossed through the Verecke Pass, the northeastern route the Magyars themselves first took to enter Hungary. Ogedai’s son Qadan took his contingent through the Bargo Pass into northern Transylvania. One of Tolui’s sons, Bojek, took his force through the Oituz pass into central Transylvania, and the noyan Burundai diverted far south, coming up through the Tornu Rosu Pass into southern Transylvania, linking up with Bojek at Alba Iulia.    At the beginning of March King Bela IV began gathering his forces at Pest, one half of the city which forms modern Budapest. His requests to foreign rulers for aid were largely ignored. Bela had in mind an orderly countermarch against the Mongol army. But things quickly slipped from his hands. Some of the nobles held their forces back, refusing to come in the first place. The Mongols broke through the Carpathians quicker than anticipated and news came in of nobles going ahead to face them without support. Denis, the Kingdom’s Palatine, fled to Pest, having failed to repel the Mongols on their exit from the Verecke. Bishop Ugrin of Kalocas (Kalots-ash) defied Bela’s order and likewise marched ahead to engage the Mongols, and only barely escaped with his life. The Duke of Austria, the quarrelsome Frederick II, came to Bela’s call for aid, defeated a small Mongol party in a skirmish near Pest and withdrew. The Bishop of Varad fought the Mongols near Eger, where he was defeated and Eger destroyed. Reports kept coming to Bela of his forces allowing themselves to be destroyed piecemeal by the Mongols, while yet more Mongol forces kept showing up from new directions and rumours swirled of destruction in Poland.    On top of that the tensions between Cumans and Hungarians had not abated. News of Cumans among the Mongol forces led to cries that Bela’s Cuman allies were spies for Batu. Bela placed the Cuman Khan Kotjen and his family under guard in Buda, but in an assault led almost certainly by Hungarian and German nobles, Kotjen and his retinue were killed. In turn, this prompted a pogrom from Hungarians in the area against the Cumans. The remaining Cumans refused to risk their lives for ‘allies’ who treated them such, and abandoned the Hungarians, leaving a trail of destruction as they flew en masse to Bulgaria, some making their way to the Latin Empire of Constantinople. This was just a goddamn mess for Bela, but he was forced to action. At the start of April a Mongol army approached Pest and Bela marched out. The Mongols fled and for a week Bela pursued them, reaching the village of Mohi on the Sajo (shah-yo) River, finding a larger Mongol army arranged on the opposite bank, a single bridge across the only passage. It was the 10th of April, only one day after the Mongol victory at Liegnitz.   Bela had just followed Shiban, Batu’s younger brother, into ground of Batu’s choosing. Batu and Subutai commanded a force estimated around 20-30,000 men, the rest of the army still ravaging Poland and Transylvania. The village of Mohi, where the Hungarians made camp, sat near the Sajo River in the northern edge of the great Hungarian plain, flat rolling grassland ideal for cavalry, while the thick trees along the river kept much of the Mongol army hidden. When Shiban’s messengers ran ahead with news of the size of the Hungarian army, Batu was unnerved, climbing a mountain to convey with Eternal Blue Heaven for a day and night to pray for victory, urging the Muslims in his army to likewise pray.  As the Hungarian army settled into their camp at Mohi, Batu viewed them from a nearby burial mound. Seeing how the Hungarians had packed themselves tightly within a laagar, a wagon fort, Batu was not impressed, likening them to sheep trapping themselves within a pen.    Batu had hoped King Bela would try to cross the bridge, but by digging in at Mohi, Bela was forcing Batu to act. Thomas of Spalato wrote that a Rus’ prisoner escaped the Mongols and warned the Hungarians, and Bela stationed a guard at the bridge. Frustrated, Batu had to force a crossing- neutralizing his army’s mobility and playing to strengths of the Hungarian’s heavier armour. But Subutai came up with a plan. While Batu took his men over the bridge, under the cover of night Subutai would take a force downstream and build a pontoon bridge to cross and outflank the Hungarians.    It didn’t go well. The waters downstream were deep and in the darkness, progress on the pontoon bridge was slow. Too slow for Batu, who in his impatience or belief Subutai was on schedule, ordered an assault, sent a close comrade in a heavily armoured elite unit to push the Hungarians off the bridge. The Hungarians held firm, crossbowmen proving deadly. Bela’s brother Coloman, the Bishop Ugrin and the Master of the Knights Templar in Hungary led the counterattack and repulsed the Mongols. Coloman was said to have personally thrown the Mongol commander off the bridge. The Mongols were forced back, and the Hungarians returned to their camp jubilant. Both European and Chinese sources written from Mongol documents indicate Mongol losses were heavy- as an aside, Mohi is the first battle on European soil described in any detail in a Chinese source. This source, the Yuan Shih, indicates the princes among Batu’s forces were greatly perturbed by the losses, and desired to withdraw and replan. The Polish friar C. de Bridia wrote that the Mongol vanguard actually broke on the bridge and fled. Batu was furious at Subutai’s failure to cross the river, though Subutai was not to be swayed. In response to voices urging retreat, Subutai told them “If my lord wishes to retreat, then retreat by yourself. Until I reach the Magyar city on the Danube River, I will never return!”   The Hungarians left a light guard on the bridge while the distant Hungarian camp slept soundly. Only a few hours after the initial clash, early on April 11th before dawn, the Hungarian bridge guard was rocked by the sudden crashing of stones descending on them from the darkness. The Mongols had set up their Chinese catapults and were ‘shelling’ the enemy position. Demoralized with losses mounting, when the Mongols charged they broke through the defenders. Survivors ran back to the camp, shouting alarm, but the Hungarians were slow to rise, not having anticipated an attack so soon. Subutai’s forces crossed his pontoon bridge, and by 6 A.M. the Hungarian camp was surrounded.   Though Bela’s decision to circle the camp with a wall of wagons offered some protection, the space was too small for the large army. Panic set in as thousands of men woke to cries of anguish and Mongol arrows raining among them, while the Mongols tried to set the wagons on fire. In the densely packed camp men tripped over tents and tent ropes, crushing each other in the fray. Confusion now reigned, and Bela’s fortifications trapped his men. Prince Coloman, the Bishop Ugrin and the Templars rode out to force back the Mongols but were unable to rally more men to join them. Coloman and Ugrin were seriously wounded while the Templars, despite brave efforts, were killed to a man.    A cry ran out. An opening! The Mongols had left a gap, and many ran to take it. This was a trap. Men surrounded with no escape will fight to the death; but provide an avenue for survival, and they’ll take it. In the disorganized rout no formation or protection was to be had. As if herding their sheep, the Mongols followed along both sides of the Hungarians, ensuring none veered off trail. Once the prey was exhausted, the Mongols fell upon them. Survivors were led directly into a marsh where many drowned, encumbered in their armour, weak from injuries and exhaustion. The Bishop Ugrin met his end in these waters, one among many of the nobles, bishops and archbishops of the kingdom who fell. Bela and his brother Coloman barely escaped, with Coloman seriously injured. So ended the battle of Mohi, the back of organized  Hungarian resistance broken.      Hungary, and the rest of Europe, now seemed open to the Mongols, but just under a year after the victory at Mohi, Mongol armies departed from Europe. Why was this? What did they do in that year in between? Since most popular accounts cut from the Mohi victory straight to the Mongol withdrawal, we will give you, our dear listeners, more detail on the what the Mongol presence in Europe actually looked like beyond these battles, and the consequences for Hungary. If it wasn’t Ogedai Khaan’s death in December 1241 which caused the Mongol withdrawal, then what was it?  Theories have abounded from a lack of pasture, poor weather, to a gradual conquest having been the intention. While we will return to Hungary’s fate and later interactions with the Mongols in future episodes, we will also be interviewing Dr. Stephen Pow in a forthcoming episode to discuss the theories, and his own thesis, around the Mongol withdrawal in more detail, so be sure to subscribe to the Kings and Generals podcast and to continue helping us bring you more outstanding content, please visit our patreon at www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. Thank you for listening, I am your host David and we will catch you on the next one!  

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Located in central Romania, the Transylvanian Plateau is one of Romania’s most important wine-producing regions containing some of the country’s best vineyards. Two of the most famous vineyards are Tarnave and Alba-Iulia. Overall, the Transylvanian Plateau has 5 different vineyards and 17 wine-growing centers. ***Subscribe to our Channels for more: *** ► YouTube: www.youtube.com/user/BEVERAGETRADENETWORK ► iTunes: itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bevcast/ ► Stitcher: www.stitcher.com/s?fid=233919&refid=stpr

Partydul KissFM ed491 sambata part 2 - ON TOUR Club Stage Alba Iulia

Dorin Dumitran este unul dintre puținii profileri din cadrul Poliției Române. Am vrut să aflu de la el cât de aproape sunt seriale de gen ("Millennium", "Profiler", "Mindhunter") față de ce se întâmplă în realitate. Am aflat de ce infractorii sexuali nu se pot vindeca, că existe mai multe tipuri de necrofili, că au existat și la noi încercări de a comite crima perfectă, de ce criminalii în serie au o semnătură distinctă și de ce oricine poate comite un omor dar nu oricine poate viola. Mi-a povestit și despre o tentativă de suicid care l-a marcat în perioada când lucra ca negociator in Ploiesti. ------------------------- Turneu iulie. Bilete online. Pret redus in presale:12 iulie Cluj Napoca : https://m.iabilet.ro/bilete-stand-up-comedy-show-de-vara-34647/13 iulie Alba Iulia : https://www.iabilet.ro/bilete-stand-up-comedy-show-de-vara-34653/15 iulie Sibiu : https://www.iabilet.ro/bilete-stand-up-comedy-show-de-vara-34651/16 iulie Timisoara : https://www.iabilet.ro/bilete-stand-up-comedy-show-de-vara-34649/ ------------------------- Popesco Show apare in fiecare marti la ora 10 am pe YT si in toate aplicatiile de podcasting. ------------------------- Cristi Popesco este stand up comedian si practicant de jacuzzi.Profil FB : https://www.facebook.com/cristi.popescoPagina FB: https://www.facebook.com/cristi.popesco.page/Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/cristi_popesco/Site neactualizat: http://popes.co/Audio: https://popesco.podbean.com/ si in toate aplicatiile de podcasting.Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/c/CristiPopesco

Turneu iulie. Bilete online. Pret redus in presale:12 iulie Cluj Napoca : https://m.iabilet.ro/bilete-stand-up-comedy-show-de-vara-34647/13 iulie Alba Iulia : https://www.iabilet.ro/bilete-stand-up-comedy-show-de-vara-34653/15 iulie Sibiu : https://www.iabilet.ro/bilete-stand-up-comedy-show-de-vara-34651/16 iulie Timisoara : https://www.iabilet.ro/bilete-stand-up-comedy-show-de-vara-34649/ Sorin Pârcălab este stand up comedian și om care știe să repare orice. Am discutat cu el despre cum e să te lași de fumat, counter steering, pantomimă, cearta cu Zoso, ghost jokes, iUmor, cum face să o dea așa bine pe scenă, de ce evită crowdwork-ul și de ce s-a apucat să facă producție. ------------------------- Popesco Show apare in fiecare marti la ora 10 am pe YT si in toate aplicatiile de podcasting. ------------------------- Cristi Popesco este stand up comedian si practicant de jacuzzi.Profil FB : https://www.facebook.com/cristi.popescoPagina FB: https://www.facebook.com/cristi.popesco.page/Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/cristi_popesco/Site neactualizat: http://popes.co/Audio: https://popesco.podbean.com/ si in toate aplicatiile de podcasting.Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/c/CristiPopesco