Podcasts about archean

Trey Wasser, CEO and Director of Dryden Gold Corp (TSX.V: DRY) (OTCQB: DRYGF), joins me to outline the recent drill assay that intersected bonanza-grade gold in the new hanging wall discovery from deeper drilling at the Elora Gold System.  In addition to all the targets along the Elora trend, we also discuss new geological understanding and work initiatives at the Big Master, Mud Lake, and Mosher Bay Areas of the Gold Rock Camp at the onset of this year's 15,000 meter drill program. We also discuss exploration programs for later in the year at both the Sherridon, and Hyndman areas across their Dryden Gold District, in Northwestern Ontario, Canada.   Drill assays for this newly intercepted hanging wall gold mineralization in hole KW-25-003 Assays have now confirmed results of 301.67 g/t gold over 3.90 meters including 1,930 g/t gold over 0.60 meters with folded quartz stringer veins hosted in sheared basalts. This hanging wall zone is approximately 80 meters from the main Jubilee high-grade zone at a true depth of 250 meters.   We discuss the exploration plans for multiple targets at Elora for this year like around the historic Laurentian Mine and the Intersection target.  Trey also outlines how a new interpretation of a 3rd deformation structure (D3) with folding in the geological structure creates a good trap for the gold fluids. This new understanding will assist with going back and drilling the hanging wall structure, and also the historic high-grade mineralization over at Big Master, in addition to at Mud Lake. This complex geological data is further evidence that the Dryden District hosts a strong Archean lode gold system like the Red Lake, Kirkland Lake, and Timmins Districts.   Wrapping up we look ahead to the more drilling coming from across the Gold Rock Camp, plus ongoing work programs at both the Sherridon, and Hyndman areas across their Dryden Gold District, in Northwestern Ontario, Canada.     If you have any questions for Trey regarding Dryden Gold, then please email me at Shad@kereport.com.   In full disclosure, Shad is a shareholder of Dryden Gold at the time of this recording.   Click here to follow the latest news from Dryden Gold

Maura Kolb, President of Dryden Gold Corp (TSX.V: DRY) (OTCQB: DRYGF), joins me to outline the new zone with significant visible gold ("VG") intersected from deeper drilling at the Elora Gold System at the Gold Rock Camp at the onset of this year's 15,000 meter drill program. We discuss the exploration plans for multiple targets at Elora for this year, as well as drill programs for later in the year at both the Sherridon, and Hyndman areas across their Dryden Gold District, in Northwestern Ontario, Canada.    This newly discovered section intersected by Drill Hole KW-25-003, displaying the VG, is a hanging wall structure of folded sheared basalts and represents the most significant amount of VG that Dryden Gold has intersected to date. Maura outlines how this folding in the geological structure creates a good trap for the gold fluids, and this new discovery is further evidence that the Dryden District hosts a strong Archean lode gold system like Red Lake, Kirkland Lake and Timmins Districts.   We discussed that 5 holes have been drilled thus far at Elora and are testing down plunge at true depths between 250 and 400 meters and often these can intersect several targets with one hole.  Now that Company has received their exploration permits in late February to set up some new drill pads, the focus will be on testing the further down-plunge potential of Elora and along strike to the northeast, around the historic Elora-Jubilee Mine, at a cross-cutting structure parallel to Big Master, and around the high-grade historic Laurentian Mine.   We then widened the scope to discuss 2 other key areas of exploration focus on their district-scale land package, with surveys and field work vectoring on future drill targets at both the Sherridon and Hyndman areas of the Project. Sherridon also just received its exploration permits for drilling there later this summer, and there is more targeting work underway to potentially drill Hyndman in the fall.   If you have any questions for Maura regarding Dryden Gold, then please email me at Shad@kereport.com.   In full disclosure, Shad is a shareholder of Dryden Gold at the time of this recording.   Click here to follow the latest news from Dryden Gold

Power One Resources Corp CEO Karim Rayani joined Steve Darling from Proactive to share news about the completion of drilling at the company's Pecors Project in Elliott Lake, Ontario. Three diamond drill holes have been completed, totalling 1,300 meters, with assay results pending for all the drill holes. Rayani explained that the first two drill holes, PO-24-01 and PO-24-02, had dual objectives. They targeted a VTEM electromagnetic conductor axis interpreted to host uranium mineralization associated with pyrite at the base of the Huronian sediments, in contact with the Archean basement rocks. Both holes extended into the Archean basement to explore magnetic highs, which are interpreted as magmatic conduits for the Pecors Magnetic Anomaly, known for hosting magmatic Ni-Cu-PGM (nickel-copper-platinum group metals) mineralization. The results from the assays will be critical for advancing exploration at Pecors, as the company looks to confirm the presence of both uranium and magmatic-hosted Ni-Cu-PGM mineralization in this highly prospective region. #proactiveinvestors #tsxv #pwro KarimRayani #SteveDarling #NickelMining #CanadaMining #PeakForceAnomaly #RareEarth #BritishColumbiaMining #DrWazirKhan #Geology #Exploration, #DrillingOperations, #PublicMiningCompany, #MarvelDiscovery, #ResourceExploration, #MineralResources, #CanadianNickel, #MiningIndustry, #EconomicGeology #ResourceDevelopment#invest #investing #investment #investor #stockmarket #stocks #stock #stockmarketnews #invest #investing #investment #investor #stockmarket #stocks #stock #stockmarketnews

In this episode of SpaceTime, we delve into the latest findings that are reshaping our understanding of how Earth's continents formed, a major breakthrough in subatomic particle measurements, and a new SpaceTime telescope set to study the cosmic dawn and the ultimate fate of our universe.Join us for these fascinating updates and more!  00:00:00 - This is spacetime series 27, episode 99 for broadcast on the 16 August 202400:00:45 - New study pokes holes in leading theories of continental formation00:03:49 - Neutrinos are fundamental to the standard model of particle physics00:05:53 - Scientists have detected high energy neutrinos from the Large Hadron Collider00:16:37 - The World Health Organisation has issued a warning about a new superbug00:18:39 - Reports growing that UK is running out of ghosts  For more SpaceTime, visit our website at www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support

  Do you know the picture in this weeks' thumbnail.  It's not on the list.  However, the picture is of reality tv show Survivor winner named Parvati.  I think she was on the show twice and won once, based on her cunning social play and great looks.  When I saw the word PARVENUE, I equated that word here in the list with her and finally I had to look up her name as I had not remembered it.  Turns out the definition of PARVENUE (we are going to say the root is close enough) means "an obscure person who has gained wealth, influence or celebrity.   BENTHAL | LAMBERT | BERTHAS BREATHS BATHERS | MABENT | LAMBENT | BRAWEST | BARYTES BETRAYS | ENDARCH RANCHED | PANDECT | CHARNEL LARCHEN | TRACHLE | PLECTRA | SECTARY | DRAYMEN YARDMEN | FRETSAW WAFTERS  | WAFTURE | HETMANS | ASTHENY SHANTEY | TEPHRAS THREAPS | PUTAMEN | PARVENU | STEWPAN | BRUCINE  | BRUCITE | FILBERT | HENBITS | BYRNIES | ETHNICS STHENIC | CUPRITE | FLYTIER | ETHINYL | PHILTER PHILTRE | INHUMER RHENIUM | PINETUM | GRUTTEN TURGENT | ADELGID | LIGULAE | ORRISES | CINERIN | WOODSIA | BONACIS | BORICUA CARIBOU | AMBROID | HOBNAIL | ISOBATH | BIPOLAR PARBOIL | BOLIVAR | MONACID MONADIC NOMADIC | PARODIC PICADOR | DACOITY | FOLACIN | ISOTACH | LIMACON | ACYLOIN | ANOSMIC | CAMIONS MANIOCS MASONIC | PICAROS | SYCONIA | ALIFORM | LAMPION | IMPASTO | SYNOVIA | PAVIORS | PAVIOUR | GARRONS | DEKARES | EXUDATE | RESEAUX | RELIQUE | ULEXITE | ORATRIX | GILLNET TELLING | TEDDING | FANWORT | TYRONIC | BRADOON/ONBOARD | CARDOON | TOURACO | WOODRAT | ONOMAST | BRIDOON | BONITOS | ORCINOL | OCTROIS | MORIONS | ROSELLE RESOLES | DADOING | GALLIOT | EXTERNS | AGNATIC | WAIRING | KARTING | FENURON | SHOTTEN | TOWNLET | WONNERS | SYNTONE | TUTOYER | SCUTAGE | GRASPED SPARGED | GAUDERY | EARPLUG GRAUPLE PLAGUER | VERGLAS | VULGATE | MURAGES | SEVRUGA | WERGILD | SWINGED | FUGLIER GULFIER | GRUSHIE GUSHIER | GUYLINE | ETATIST TATTIES | EUSTELE | FASCIAE | CAMELIA | APHELIA | EPISCIA | HIDALGO | VALGOID | OUGIYAS | ANLAGEN | INSIGNE SEINING | CORELLA OCELLAR | COUTEAU | FOSSATE | PEONAL | ALLOVER OVERALL | SEROMAS | PETASOS SAPOTES | AVOSETS | COLLIER | DERMOID | POINDED | EONISMS | ISODOSE | SOVIETS | REDWARE | PELTATE | ABREACT BEARCAT CABARET | ABEYANT | ARCHEAN | HANAPER | ICHNITE | CREMINI CRIMINE MINCIER | MINIVER | NIMIETY | BLANKIE | AUXETIC | JEMIDAR | MAZIEST MESTIZA | BARONGS BROGANS | CANTDOG | MORGANS | BILTONG | THOUING | GNOMIST | OOGONIA | ASSEGAI | DONGOLA GONDOLA | GOORALS | LOGIONS LOOSING OLINGOS

We tend to think of continental tectonic plates as rigid caps that float on the asthenospheric mantle, much like oceanic plates. But while some continental regions have the most rigid rocks on the planet, wide swathes of the continents are not rigid at all. In the podcast, Alex Copley explains how this differentiation comes about and points to evidence that the responsible processes have been operating since the Archean. Copley is Professor of Tectonics in the Department of Earth Sciences at the University of Cambridge.

In this episode of Planet Geo, Chris Bolhuis and Dr. Jesse Reimink dive deep into the geology of the Grand Teton National Park. They cover the park's ancient rock formations, from the Archean gneiss to the granites formed around 2.5 billion years ago. The discussion also explores significant geological events like the Severe and Laramide orogenies, the impact of the Yellowstone Hotspot Track, and the glacial activity that sculpted the dramatic landscapes of the Tetons. Get access to The Geology of the Grand Tetons on the CampGeo app now - link below!Download the CampGeo app now at this link. On the app you can get tons of free content, exclusive images, and access to our Geology of National Parks series. You can also learn the basics of geology at the college level in our FREE CampGeo content series - get learning now!Like, Subscribe, and leave us a Rating!——————————————————Instagram: @planetgeocastTwitter: @planetgeocastFacebook: @planetgeocastSupport us: https://planetgeocast.com/support-usEmail: planetgeocast@gmail.comWebsite: https://planetgeocast.com/

At roughly 15-25-million-year intervals since the Archean, huge volumes of lava have spewed onto the Earth's surface. These form the large igneous provinces, which are called flood basalts when they occur on continents. As Richard Ernst explains in the podcast, the eruption of a large igneous province can initiate the rifting of continents, disrupt the environment enough to cause a mass extinction, and promote mineralization that produces valuable mineral resources. Richard Ernst studies the huge volcanic events called Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs) — their structure, distribution, and origin as well as their connection with mineral, metal, and hydrocarbon resources; supercontinent breakup; and mass extinctions. He has also been studying LIP planetary analogues, especially on Venus and Mars. He has written the definitive textbook on the subject. Ernst is Scientist in Residence in the Department of Earth Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada, and Professor in the Faculty of Geology and Geography at Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.

Dr. Andrew Knoll is a professor of Natural History and Earth and Planetary Sciences at Harvard University, renowned for his research on the evolution of life and Earth's surface environments. His work, particularly focused on the Archean and Proterozoic eons, delves into paleontology, biogeochemistry, and the critical transitions in life's history, such as the rise of eukaryotic organisms and complex life forms. Additionally, Dr. Knoll explores the causes and effects of mass extinctions and the development of early microbial life. His expertise extends to astrobiology, where he contributes to Mars exploration, applying his understanding of Earth's ancient life to the search for life on other planets. Through his research and publications, Dr. Knoll plays a pivotal role in advancing our comprehension of life's intricate history on Earth and beyond.

Join us on a journey through the Proterozoic Eon, a pivotal period in Earth's history. Over a billion years of geological and biological evolution shaped our planet, laying the foundations for complex life. From supercontinent formation to the origins of eukaryotic cells, we delve into the intriguing mysteries of this ancient era. Discover how the Proterozoic Eon paved the way for life as we know it today.References- Explains, D. (2022, March 18). History of the Earth Part 1: Hadean, Archean, and Proterozoic Eons. YouTube. Retrieved March 22, 2024, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DWC2lZHaq5c- Geology Page. (2013, October 28). Proterozoic Eon. Geology Page. Retrieved March 22, 2024, from https://www.geologypage.com/2013/10/proterozoic-eon.htmlPBS. (2001). Evolution: Change: Deep Time. Evolution: Change: Deep Time. Retrieved March 22, 2024, from https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/change/deeptime/protero.html- Proterozoic Eon in Geological Time Scale. (2023, August 5). Anthroholic. Retrieved March 22, 2024, from https://anthroholic.com/proterozoic-eon- Waggoner, B. (1996, 02 20). The Proterozoic Eon. University of California Museum of Paleontology. Retrieved March 22, 2024, from https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/precambrian/proterozoic.php- Windley, B. Frederick (2023, January 27). Proterozoic Eon. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/Proterozoic-EonMusicJoDon by Blue Dot SessionsContributorsWritten/Edited/Produced: Kassidy RobertsonThesis Directors: Professor Jeremy Bramblett, and Professor Will DavisThesis Committee: Dr. Hope Klug, and Professor Timothy Gaudin

In this episode we take a journey through the Hadean and Archean Eons the first two eons of Earth existence ranging from (4.54 Ga- 541 Ma). Starting with the Big Bang 13.8 billion years ago, we unfold to explore the tumultuous Hadean Eon, marked by Earth's formation. The subsequent Archean Eon witnesses the emergence of life. Through geological evidence and fossil records, listeners gain insights into Earth's early history, paving the way to learn about evolutionary processes. References- Archean Eon in Geological Time Scale. (2023, August 5). Anthroholic. Retrieved March 22, 2024, from https://anthroholic.com/archean-eon- Explains, D. (2022, March 18). History of the Earth Part 1: Hadean, Archean, and Proterozoic Eons. YouTube. Retrieved March 22, 2024, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DWC2lZHaq5c- Filippelli, G. (2023, January 6). ,. Science Direct. Retrieved March 22, 2024, from https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/archean-eon- Greshko, M. (n.d.). The origins of the universe facts and information. National Geographic. Retrieved March 22, 2024, from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/origins-of-the-universe- Howell, E. (2023, July 26). What is the Big Bang Theory? Space.com. Retrieved March 22, 2024, from https://www.space.com/25126-big-bang-theory.html- Johnson, C., Affolter, M. D., Inkenbrandt, P., & Mosher, C. (2023, November 6). 8.3: Hadean Eon. Geosciences LibreTexts. Retrieved March 22, 2024, from https://geo.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Geology/Book%3A_An_Introduction_to_Geology_(Johnson_Affolter_Inkenbrandt_and_Mosher)/08%3A_Earth_History/8.03%3A_Hadean_Eon- Rafferty, J. P., & Windley, B. F. (2024, March 14). Hadean Eon | Start, Timeline, & Facts. Britannica. Retrieved March 22, 2024, from https://www.britannica.com/science/Hadean-EonMusicLong as Night by Blue Dot SessionsHundred Mile by Blue Dot SessionsContributorsWritten/Edited/Produced: Kassidy RobertsonThesis Directors: Professor Jeremy Bramblett, and Professor Will Davis Thesis Committee: Dr. Hope Klug, and Dr. Timothy Gaudin

Perhaps as many as five times over the course of Earth history, most of the continents gathered together to form a supercontinent. The supercontinents lasted on the order of a hundred million years before breaking apart and dispersing the continents. For decades, we theorized that this cycle of amalgamation and breakup was caused by near-surface tectonic processes such as subduction that swallowed the oceans between the continents and upper mantle convection that triggered the rifting that split the supercontinents apart. As Damian Nance explains in the podcast, newly acquired evidence suggests a very different picture in which the supercontinent cycle is the surface manifestation of a process that involves the entire mantle all the way to the core-mantle boundary. Damian Nance draws on a wide range of geological evidence to formulate theories about the large-scale dynamics of the lithosphere and mantle spanning a period going back to the Archean. A major focus of his research is the supercontinent cycle. He is Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Geological Sciences at Ohio University.

Samso Insight Episode 112 is with Anna Petts, Program Coordinator - Characterising South Australia's Cover at Geological Survey of South Australia.   To many people the Gawler Craton is famous for IOCG deposits (Iron Oxide Copper Gold). The most famous mine, Olympic Dam started the rush for these giant deposits. When it was announced that there was this monster of a drill intercept, RD10 with 145m at 2.2% copper together with uranium and gold. This news created a rush like the wild west where everyone flocked to the region.   Subsequent to the rush, two other famous discoveries was made and they are Prominent Hill and Carrapateena. However, it was not until 2001 when Prominent Hill was discovered and in 2005 that Carrapateena was discovered. All this action was in the eastern region of the Gawler Craton and this region was named the Olympic Metallogenic Belt or the IOCG Belt.       Figure 1: The Olympic Cu-Au Province in the context of the geology of southern Australia. The main lithotectonic units of the Gawler Craton and Curnamona Province are shown and are interpreted from surface observation and geophysical data. The Olympic Cu-Au Province occurs in the eastern Gawler Craton and also indicated is the Central Gawler Gold Province, a gold-dominated metallogenic province formed during the same early Mesoproterozoic tectonic event that formed the Olympic Cu-Au Province. Inset shows the location of the Gawler Craton and Curnamona Province in the context of major Archean and Proterozoic terranes of Australia. (Source: Reid, Anthony. (2019). The Olympic Cu-Au Province, Gawler Craton: A Review of the Lithospheric Architecture, Geodynamic Setting, Alteration Systems, Cover Successions and Prospectivity. Minerals. 9. 371. 10.3390/min9060371.   The complexity of the surrounding area is not for the faint hearted as they are still arguing about the origins and formation of Olympic Dam. Figure 1 gives a high level summary of the Gawler Craton and its different geological events. There is no doubt that there is no simple answer but what the mineral explorers do know very well, is that their Return On Investment (ROI) here is not high.   For this reason, the Gawler remains one of the least explored regions on the Australian continent. Hence, this discussion with Anna Petts is all about the prospectivity of the Gawler and what the Geological Survey of South Australia is doing to help explorers have the edge and the resources to understand and explore the region.   Gold Discovery in the Gawler Craton   In 1995, there was the discovery of a gold mine in the other half of the Gawler Craton. The more "boring" part which birth the Challenger Gold Mine. This set up a rush to the area, however, till today, there is no Challenger replica. To me, this has got to be one of the mysteries of Australian mineral exploration.   If you draw a radius of 100km from the Challenger Gold Mine, there is nothing that is better than a prospect to be found (Figure 2). It will be pretty safe to say that the lack of discoveries is probably due to the fact that the last 20 years of exploration has been few and far in between due to a lack of exploration funding and the historical low ROI in looking for minerals in the Gawler Craton.       Figure 2: The spatial emptiness of big discoveries within the Gawler Craton. The comparison to a typical mining town like Kalgoorlie, there is too many producing assets to count.(Source: Taiton Resource Limited)   Why I like the Gawler Craton   My first introduction to the Gawler Craton was way back in 2019 when I looked over the Jumbuck project. Figure 2 was the result of that exercise when I was involved in trying to list a company with the project. I could see that there had not been any serious exploration in the region.   The conversation that I had with people was that it is hard to make discoveries. The geophysics were not picking anything up. There were not enough data out publicly that companies could use to make discoveries. The lack of success was biting into exploration funding.   Imagine a province like the Gawler Craton that still hides major discoveries. Look at the statistical probability of not finding another Challenger. This has to be a great place for the average mineral explorer who has the courage to test their exploration skill. Looking at the western province of the Gawler, the western part of the Stuart Highway, there are no producing mines currently. There are three deposits (Challenger is closed) that exist and two are currently being drilled out to see if they make the cut to become producing gold mines.   In one conversation, I was told that while drilling for iron ore, they came across a Gossan. This shows the variability of the area. It was only two to three years ago that the south-western part of the Gawler was identified as a new nickel sulphide area.   Samso's Conclusion   So what do I make out of this conversation with Anna. What I got out of it is that there is now a flow of fata that is being made public for explorers. The understanding of the Gawler is going to take a magnitude step forward in the near future, if not already. The testing of theories are now being played out with companies such as,   Indiana Resources Limited (ASX: IDA), Cobra Resources Limited PLC, Investigator Resources Limited (ASX: IVR), Petratherm Limited (ASX: PTR), Barton Gold Holdings Limited (ASX: BGD), Marmota Limited (ASX: MEU) Taiton Resources Limited (ASX: T88) The company that I am involved with is testing the concept that there is a unloved and unrecognised mineral system in between the Olympic Dam Belt and the Gawler Craton gold province, see Figure 3. The concept of a theory like this can be easily considered to be shooting with a long bow, but the recent announcement has made good evidence that there could be some truth to the madness.       Figure 3: The region that Taiton Resources Limited is testing its theory that there is a mineral system in the region (Red) which is now proven to be tapping the same source as the Olympic IOCG Belt (Green). The zircon test has come back with age of 1597.8 Ma, which is atypical of Olympic Dam. (source: Taiton Resources Limited).   The concept is that the red region (Figure 3) has been misinterpreted in the past and there lies a mineral system that may be fertile and endowed with mineralisation. This is the postulation and as mineral explorers, we are supposed to be testing the boundaries of believe.   The role of the explorer is to come up with the ideas and the concept and of finding minerals when others have missed. The role of the Geological Survey is to provide the tools and the solutions to aid discovery. After speaking with Anna, I feel that the Geological Survey is contributing a lot at the moment. The theory for Taiton Resources came about due to the data release in around 2020. The idea was born and the money was raised to test the theory.   As a director of the company and as the person who spoke to the vendor of the Highway project, David McSkimming, I will say that the theory for Highway is the best I have heard. I like the idea that there is a different thinking to understanding the mineral system in this region.   What the company has done to date has proven that this theory is still valid. Not only have we proven our original story is valid, we think that we could be on the edge of two tectonic event and that would make us siting on the margin of a major structural feature. We all know that major structural features are the blessing for an exploration project.   None of what I had described would not have been possible without the work generated by the Geological Survey of South Australia. Anna has clearly described what the Survey is doing and what datasets are now available. The new datasets will allow future explorers to take on what is potentially the last mineral province that has not been searched with intent for the last twenty years.       Chapters:   00:00 Start   00:20 Introduction   01:51 About Anna Petts   02:24 Disclaimer   03:04 The potential at Gawler Craton   06:07 The cover at Gawler Craton   10:39 Uncovering the lack of recent significant exploration stories   16:52 The exploration government initiatives   20:05 Potential mining hotspots   25:17 Understanding the overall complex of the big discoveries   29:01 Prospectively at Gawler Craton   32:31 All about the Ultrafine+ project   44:39 Potential mining location worth looking at   46:10 Conclusion

In a recent episode, Nadja Drabon spoke about newly discovered zircon crystals that formed during the late Hadean and early Archean, when the Earth was between 500 million and a billion years old.  The zircons revealed information about processes occurring in the Earth's nascent crust, casting light on when and how modern-day plate tectonics may have started.  In this episode, we talk about a very different source of information about the early Earth, namely the abundances of noble gases occurring within present-day basalts.  It turns out that these can probe the Earth's mantle and atmosphere even further back in time – to the first 100 million years of Earth history. Sujoy Mukhopadhyay leads a team of researchers who have developed new techniques for measuring the abundances of noble gas isotopes in a variety of Earth materials.  By combining the results of these measurements with geochemical models, he has shed light on questions about the very early Earth and planet formation that have challenged researchers for decades.  Here we focus on one of these: “Do any structures originating from the very early Earth survive in today's mantle?” Amazingly, the answer is "yes." Sujoy Mukhopadhyay is Professor of Geochemistry at the University of California, Davis.

Formation of Lunar Basins from Impacts of Leftover Planetesimals by David Nesvorny et al. on Tuesday 22 November The Moon holds important clues to the early evolution of the Solar System. Some 50 impact basins (crater diameter D>300 km) have been recognized on the lunar surface, implying that the early impact flux was much higher than it is now. The basin-forming impactors were suspected to be asteroids released from an inner extension of the main belt (1.8-2.0 au). Here we show that most impactors were instead rocky planetesimals left behind at 0.5-1.5 au after the terrestrial planet accretion. The number of basins expected from impacts of leftover planetesimals largely exceeds the number of known lunar basins, suggesting that the first 200 Myr of impacts is not recorded on the lunar surface. The Imbrium basin formation (age 3.92 Gyr; impactor diameter d~100 km) occurs with a 15-35% probability in our model. Imbrium must have formed unusually late to have only two smaller basins (Orientale and Schrodinger) forming afterwards. The model predicts 20 d>10-km impacts on the Earth 2.5-3.5 Gyr ago (Ga), which is comparable to the number of known spherule beds in the late Archean. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.10478v1

Formation of Lunar Basins from Impacts of Leftover Planetesimals by David Nesvorny et al. on Tuesday 22 November The Moon holds important clues to the early evolution of the Solar System. Some 50 impact basins (crater diameter D>300 km) have been recognized on the lunar surface, implying that the early impact flux was much higher than it is now. The basin-forming impactors were suspected to be asteroids released from an inner extension of the main belt (1.8-2.0 au). Here we show that most impactors were instead rocky planetesimals left behind at 0.5-1.5 au after the terrestrial planet accretion. The number of basins expected from impacts of leftover planetesimals largely exceeds the number of known lunar basins, suggesting that the first 200 Myr of impacts is not recorded on the lunar surface. The Imbrium basin formation (age 3.92 Gyr; impactor diameter d~100 km) occurs with a 15-35% probability in our model. Imbrium must have formed unusually late to have only two smaller basins (Orientale and Schrodinger) forming afterwards. The model predicts 20 d>10-km impacts on the Earth 2.5-3.5 Gyr ago (Ga), which is comparable to the number of known spherule beds in the late Archean. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.10478v1

In this episode, find out about Jet Airwarys' employees being asked to go on leave without pay, also find out about the government's decision to roll back export duty on iron ore lumps Business Term of the Day: Tariff

Formation of Lunar Basins from Impacts of Leftover Planetesimals by David Nesvorny et al. on Monday 21 November The Moon holds important clues to the early evolution of the Solar System. Some 50 impact basins (crater diameter D>300 km) have been recognized on the lunar surface, implying that the early impact flux was much higher than it is now. The basin-forming impactors were suspected to be asteroids released from an inner extension of the main belt (1.8-2.0 au). Here we show that most impactors were instead rocky planetesimals left behind at 0.5-1.5 au after the terrestrial planet accretion. The number of basins expected from impacts of leftover planetesimals largely exceeds the number of known lunar basins, suggesting that the first 200 Myr of impacts is not recorded on the lunar surface. The Imbrium basin formation (age 3.92 Gyr; impactor diameter d~100 km) occurs with a 15-35% probability in our model. Imbrium must have formed unusually late to have only two smaller basins (Orientale and Schrodinger) forming afterwards. The model predicts 20 d>10-km impacts on the Earth 2.5-3.5 Gyr ago (Ga), which is comparable to the number of known spherule beds in the late Archean. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.10478v1

Formation of Lunar Basins from Impacts of Leftover Planetesimals by David Nesvorny et al. on Monday 21 November The Moon holds important clues to the early evolution of the Solar System. Some 50 impact basins (crater diameter D>300 km) have been recognized on the lunar surface, implying that the early impact flux was much higher than it is now. The basin-forming impactors were suspected to be asteroids released from an inner extension of the main belt (1.8-2.0 au). Here we show that most impactors were instead rocky planetesimals left behind at 0.5-1.5 au after the terrestrial planet accretion. The number of basins expected from impacts of leftover planetesimals largely exceeds the number of known lunar basins, suggesting that the first 200 Myr of impacts is not recorded on the lunar surface. The Imbrium basin formation (age 3.92 Gyr; impactor diameter d~100 km) occurs with a 15-35% probability in our model. Imbrium must have formed unusually late to have only two smaller basins (Orientale and Schrodinger) forming afterwards. The model predicts 20 d>10-km impacts on the Earth 2.5-3.5 Gyr ago (Ga), which is comparable to the number of known spherule beds in the late Archean. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.10478v1

Joining us for a conversation is Judson Culter the CEO of Rover Metals to discuss the company's newest project acquisition, the Indian Mountain Lake Project, representing approximately 30,000 acres of greenstone belt, that will offer shareholders exposure to critical minerals - Zinc, Lead, Silver, and Copper. 0:00 Introduction 0:35 Rover Metals Company Overview 1:00 Indian Mountain Lake - Critical Minerals Project (Brownfields) 3:13 (3%) Blue Sky Potential 4:07 New Flagship - Zinc, Lead, Silver, Copper 5:43 Genetic Model 7:46 Infrastructure 10:18 Goals this year on the Indian Mountain Lake Project 11:42 Exploration Work - Twin and or Step Out Drilling 12:57 News flow for the 2022 14:55 Capital Structure 15:23 Message for Shareholders 17:06 What did I forget to ask Rover Metals trades under the symbol “ROVR” on the TSXV. Rover also obtained a public co-listing of its securities on the OTCQB on January 17, 2019 (OTCQB: ROVMF), and on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange on February 1, 2021 (FRA: 4XO). On August 9, 2018, Rover Metals acquired a 100% interest in the Cabin Lake Property completing its area play for the Cabin Lake Group of Gold Projects. The Cabin Lake Group of Gold Projects are located 110 km northwest of Yellowknife and 20 km southeast of Fortune Minerals' NICO Project and close to the new Tlicho All Season Road. The properties hosts high-grade gold in iron formation in archean metasedimentary. On September 9, 2016, Rover Metals Optioned up to a 100% interest in the Up Town Gold Property. The Up Town Gold Property is a high grade Archean lode gold prospect adjoining the Giant Mine in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories. The Property consists of 6 claims covering 3,227 hectares and borders the west side of the Giant Mine leases. The Property centre is approximately 6 km north from downtown Yellowknife, and adjoins Gold Terra's Northbelt claims. Website: https://rovermetals.com/index.html Corporate Presentation: https://rovermetals.com/pitchdeck/ROVR-presentation.pdf Website | www.provenandprobable.com Call me directly at 855.505.1900 or email: Maurice@MilesFranklin.com Precious Metals FAQ - https://www.milesfranklin.com/faq-maurice/ Proven and Probable Where we deliver Mining Insights & Bullion Sales. I'm a licensed broker for Miles Franklin Precious Metals Investments (https://www.milesfranklin.com/contact/) Where we provide unlimited options to expand your precious metals portfolio, from physical delivery, offshore depositories, and precious metals IRA's. Call me directly at (855) 505-1900 or you may email maurice@milesfranklin.com. Proven and Probable provides insights on mining companies, junior miners, gold mining stocks, uranium, silver, platinum, zinc & copper mining stocks, silver and gold bullion in Canada, the US, Australia, and beyond. #provenandprobable #rovermetals

Please share this Interview: https://provenandprobable.com/rover-metals-high-grade-gold-ip-survey-on-cabin-gold/ Rover Metals (“Rover”) - (TSX.V: ROVR | OTCQB: ROVMF)is a natural resource exploration company specialized in North American precious metal resources. Rover is currently advancing the gold potential of its projects located in the Northwest Territories of Canada at the 60th parallel. Rover has 100% ownership of its core gold assets. Rover Metals obtained a public listing for its securities on the TSX Venture Exchange as a Tier II Mining Issuer on June 26, 2018. Rover Metals trades under the symbol “ROVR” on the TSXV. Rover also obtained a public co-listing of its securities on the OTCQB on January 17, 2019 (OTCQB: ROVMF), and on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange on February 1, 2021 (FRA: 4XO). On August 9, 2018, Rover Metals acquired a 100% interest in the Cabin Lake Property completing its area play for the Cabin Lake Group of Gold Projects. The Cabin Lake Group of Gold Projects are located 110 km northwest of Yellowknife and 20 km southeast of Fortune Minerals' NICO Project and close to the new Tlicho All Season Road. The properties hosts high-grade gold in iron formation in archean metasedimentary. On September 9, 2016, Rover Metals Optioned up to a 100% interest in the Up Town Gold Property. The Up Town Gold Property is a high grade Archean lode gold prospect adjoining the Giant Mine in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories. The Property consists of 6 claims covering 3,227 hectares and borders the west side of the Giant Mine leases. The Property centre is approximately 6 km north from downtown Yellowknife, and adjoins Gold Terra's Northbelt claims. Website: https://rovermetals.com/index.html Corporate Presentation: https://rovermetals.com/pitchdeck/ROVR-presentation.pdf Website | https://provenandprobable.com/ Call me directly at 855.505.1900 or email: Maurice@MilesFranklin.com Precious Metals FAQ - https://www.milesfranklin.com/faq-maurice/ Proven and Probable Where we deliver Mining Insights & Bullion Sales. I'm a licensed broker for Miles Franklin Precious Metals Investments (https://www.milesfranklin.com/contact/). Andy Schectman is the President of Miles Franklin. Where we provide unlimited options to expand your precious metals portfolio, from physical delivery, offshore depositories, and precious metals IRA's. Call me directly at (855) 505-1900 or you may email maurice@milesfranklin.com. Proven and Probable provides insights on mining companies, junior miners, gold mining stocks, uranium, silver, platinum, zinc & copper mining stocks, silver and gold bullion in Canada, the US, Australia, and beyond. We cannot confirm if Rick Rule owns Rover Metals, and we will not be covering the silver price in this interview. Rover Metals is listed on the TSX Venture.

New rock types emerge during the history of the Earth. For example, the silica-rich felsic rocks such as granite that characterize continental crust, accumulated during the course of Earth history. Granite only forms in certain specific tectonic settings, such as above subduction zones and when lower crustal rocks melt in mountain belts. But what about the minerals themselves? Have they been around since the Earth formed, or did they too only appear on the scene later as a result of some geological process? The question of how and when the minerals evolved is a relatively new subject, and was, and continues to be, pioneered by this episode's guest. Bob Hazen is Senior Staff Scientist at the Earth and Planets Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution for Science and Professor of Earth Sciences at George Mason University. At a Christmas party in 2006, a well-known biophysicist asked him the question: “Were there clay minerals in the Archean?” Apparently, nobody had given this much thought prior to 2006. The topic quickly became the focus of his research, rapidly blossoming into a whole new branch of mineralogy.

Kath Grey talks about the challenges and successes of her years devoted to using stromatolites to develop a Precambrian biostratigraphy for Australia.

Welcome back nerds! In December's podcast we're diving back into the Archean world of HP Lovecraft! Grab yourself a copy of his collected works and follow along as we talk all things odd and that should not be. While we have you, it'd mean a lot if you rated and reviewed us where ever you listen to us, and followed us on all the socials. We're always @NerdsofOldRepublic. We'll see you in the New Year, with Neil Gaiman's Sandman, volumes one through four.

Please share this Interview: https://provenandprobable.com/rover-metals-a-gold-mine-in-the-making/ Rover Metals (“Rover”) - (TSX.V: ROVR | OTCQB: ROVMF)is a natural resource exploration company specialized in North American precious metal resources. Rover is currently advancing the gold potential of its projects located in the Northwest Territories of Canada at the 60th parallel. Rover has 100% ownership of its core gold assets. Rover Metals obtained a public listing for its securities on the TSX Venture Exchange as a Tier II Mining Issuer on June 26, 2018. Rover Metals trades under the symbol “ROVR” on the TSXV. Rover also obtained a public co-listing of its securities on the OTCQB on January 17, 2019 (OTCQB: ROVMF), and on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange on February 1, 2021 (FRA: 4XO). On August 9, 2018, Rover Metals acquired a 100% interest in the Cabin Lake Property completing its area play for the Cabin Lake Group of Gold Projects. The Cabin Lake Group of Gold Projects are located 110 km northwest of Yellowknife and 20 km southeast of Fortune Minerals' NICO Project and close to the new Tlicho All Season Road. The properties hosts high-grade gold in iron formation in archean metasedimentary. On September 9, 2016, Rover Metals Optioned up to a 100% interest in the Up Town Gold Property. The Up Town Gold Property is a high grade Archean lode gold prospect adjoining the Giant Mine in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories. The Property consists of 6 claims covering 3,227 hectares and borders the west side of the Giant Mine leases. The Property centre is approximately 6 km north from downtown Yellowknife, and adjoins Gold Terra's Northbelt claims. Website: https://rovermetals.com/index.html Corporate Presentation: https://rovermetals.com/pitchdeck/ROVR-presentation.pdf Website | https://provenandprobable.com/ Call me directly at 855.505.1900 or email: Maurice@MilesFranklin.com Precious Metals FAQ - https://www.milesfranklin.com/faq-maurice/ Proven and Probable Where we deliver Mining Insights & Bullion Sales. I'm a licensed broker for Miles Franklin Precious Metals Investments (https://www.milesfranklin.com/contact/). Andy Schectman is the President of Miles Franklin. Where we provide unlimited options to expand your precious metals portfolio, from physical delivery, offshore depositories, and precious metals IRA's. Call me directly at (855) 505-1900 or you may email maurice@milesfranklin.com. Proven and Probable provides insights on mining companies, junior miners, gold mining stocks, uranium, silver, platinum, zinc & copper mining stocks, silver and gold bullion in Canada, the US, Australia, and beyond. We cannot confirm if Rick Rule owns Rover Metals, and we will not be covering the silver price in this interview. Rover Metals is listed on the TSX Venture.

Hugh Smithies talks about sanukitoids, a rare and perhaps fundamentally important group of Archean rocks that he first encountered in the Pilbara and later discovered hiding in plain sight in the Yilgarn 

Rover Metals (“Rover”) - (TSX.V: ROVR | OTCQB: ROVMF)is a natural resource exploration company specialized in North American precious metal resources. Rover is currently advancing the gold potential of its projects located in the Northwest Territories of Canada at the 60th parallel. Rover has 100% ownership of its core gold assets. Rover Metals obtained a public listing for its securities on the TSX Venture Exchange as a Tier II Mining Issuer on June 26, 2018. Rover Metals trades under the symbol “ROVR” on the TSXV. Rover also obtained a public co-listing of its securities on the OTCQB on January 17, 2019 (OTCQB: ROVMF), and on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange on February 1, 2021 (FRA: 4XO). On August 9, 2018, Rover Metals acquired a 100% interest in the Cabin Lake Property completing its area play for the Cabin Lake Group of Gold Projects. The Cabin Lake Group of Gold Projects are located 110 km northwest of Yellowknife and 20 km southeast of Fortune Minerals' NICO Project and close to the new Tlicho All Season Road. The properties hosts high-grade gold in iron formation in archean metasedimentary. On September 9, 2016, Rover Metals Optioned up to a 100% interest in the Up Town Gold Property. The Up Town Gold Property is a high grade Archean lode gold prospect adjoining the Giant Mine in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories. The Property consists of 6 claims covering 3,227 hectares and borders the west side of the Giant Mine leases. The Property centre is approximately 6 km north from downtown Yellowknife, and adjoins Gold Terra's Northbelt claims. Website: https://rovermetals.com/index.html Corporate Presentation: https://rovermetals.com/pitchdeck/ROVR-presentation.pdf Website | https://provenandprobable.com/ Call me directly at 855.505.1900 or email: Maurice@MilesFranklin.com Precious Metals FAQ - https://www.milesfranklin.com/faq-maurice/ Proven and Probable Where we deliver Mining Insights & Bullion Sales. I'm a licensed broker for Miles Franklin Precious Metals Investments (https://www.milesfranklin.com/contact/). Andy Schectman is the President of Miles Franklin. Where we provide unlimited options to expand your precious metals portfolio, from physical delivery, offshore depositories, and precious metals IRA's. Call me directly at (855) 505-1900 or you may email maurice@milesfranklin.com. Proven and Probable provides insights on mining companies, junior miners, gold mining stocks, uranium, silver, platinum, zinc & copper mining stocks, silver and gold bullion in Canada, the US, Australia, and beyond. We cannot confirm if Rick Rule owns Rover Metals, and we will not be covering the silver price in this interview. Rover Metals is listed on the TSX Venture.

Hey all! This week Frank chats with Devious Eye Entertainment's CEO Billy and Lead Game Designer Andrea. They discuss their future game, Archean, and their game development process. Join us and follow them on all the links below! Devious Eye Entertainment Socials: Twitter: @DeviousEyeEntmt Facebook: @deviouseye Site: deviouseye.com   Geek Freaks Socials Patreon: https://patreon.com/GeekFreakspodcast Audible Trial: audibletrial.com/GeekFreaks Discord: https://discord.gg/6Jrvyb2 YouTube: tinyurl.com/y4owmhdl Twitter: twitter.com/geekfreakspod Facebook: facebook.com/groups/227307812330853/ Instagram: instagram.com/geekfreakspodcast E-mail: thegeekfreakspodcast@gmail.com Store: redbubble.com/people/GeekFreaks Twitch: twitch.tv/geekfreakspodcast Site: thegeekfreakspodcast.com

Video Here - https://www.twitch.tv/videos/1056361484 We talk all the games from Before The Storm, and Dreamfire Games, AWOKEN, DOOMSDAY, ARCHEAN, ORIONS SPUR and actual game play of their new shooter, LAST SHOT!  Give us a like, follow or comment! and tell your smart speaker anytime to "play Geek Culture Congress Podcast"

Ik deze aflevering praat Co met pianist Daniel van der Duim en bassist Floris-Jan van den Berg van het Doppler Trio over hun nieuwe album Archean. Ook hoor je live opnames van Muddy Waters op North Sea Jazz 1977. En natuurlijk weer veel nieuwe muziek en vinyl.

Ik deze aflevering praat Co met pianist Daniel van der Duim en bassist Floris-Jan van den Berg van het Doppler Trio over hun nieuwe album Archean. Ook hoor je live opnames van Muddy Waters op North Sea Jazz 1977. En natuurlijk weer veel nieuwe muziek en vinyl.

Moho Resources Limited (ASX: MOH) is a gold exploration company with projects in Western Australia and Queensland, Australia. They have three projects, Empress Springs in Queensland, Burracopin and Silver Swan North in Western Australia. Silver Swan North: The Silver Swan North project is located about 50km northeast of the regional mining centre of Kalgoorlie in Western Australia. The project covers approximately km2 and encompasses X granted tenements within the Kalgoorlie terrane. Moho believes that the Silver Swan North project area is considerably underexplored and highly prospective for gold and nickel mineralization. Moho will focus on shear hosted and porphyry related gold mineralization and identifying komatiite-hosted nickel sulphide deposits. The Silver Swan North project sits on the eastern flank of the Kanowna/Scotia dome within the Boorara domain. The regional Mount Monger-Moriarty fault runs through the middle of the project area, which effectively straddles two major tectonic domains, the Kurnalpi terrane to the east, and the Kalgoorlie terrane to the west. Burracoppin: The Burracoppin project is located within the Southwest terrane, the southwestern element of the Archean aged Yilgarn Craton in Western Australia. The project tenements consist of five granted exploration licenses and two exploration licenses under application covering approximately 480km2. The Burracoppin project is located close to two regional shears and in particular on the aero-magnetic well defined north-south regional shear which is also associated with Tampia gold mine mineralization to the south. The operating Edna May mine is located approximately 22km east of the Burracoppin project area, in the Westonia Greenstone Belt. Empress Springs: The Empress Springs Project is located 50 km to the south of the town of Croydon and comprises thirteen adjacent exploration permits with a total area of 2,889 km². The project is located about 25km due south of the town of Croydon and 700km west-northwest of Townsville in North Queensland. The Croydon Goldfield, which extends from north of the town, contained over 300 gold occurrences with historical production estimated at 1.2Moz of Au. The Empress Springs project is a joint venture with IGO Limited (IGO). Moho considers Empress Springs has the potential to host large Tier 1 gold deposits due to the presence of the intersection of significant interpreted structures within the tenements, some of which penetrate down to the earth’s mantle and are potential fluid flow paths and traps for mineralization, mafic dyke swarms reflecting major melting episodes, and coherent gold, antimony and bismuth anomalies coincident with the regional structures and gravity anomalies. I find Moho Resources interesting because they have a market capitalisation of just over AUD8M with projects that are grassroots but yet prospective. The nature of exploration has always been to seek projects and drill and create value for shareholders many times their investment. I like the management content on both the corporate and technical aspects. As many exploration geologists will agree, the level of success an exploration program will have is directly related to the courage of the money and the skills of the technical team. The fact that the company is lead by Terry Streeter, who has been the cornerstone of many success stories in this sector, is a good endorsement. Having the likes of Dr John Hronsky advising on high-level concepts are good cheat notes in this game. Dr Hronsky has been in this sector for a long time and I have had a few discussions on concepts and the ins and outs of exploration. I find his thinking very practical and again, he is from that famous exploration company called Western Mining Corporation Resources Limited (now part of BHP). About Terry Streeter Extensive experience in funding, listing and overseeing junior explorers in all exploration and economic cycles and has served in various roles in the nickel sulphide industry for over 30 years. Previous Director of Jubilee Mines Non-Executive Director of Western Areas & Fox Resources and additional mining interests.

This episode: Earth's iron deposits could have been created by anaerobic light-harvesting microbes instead of those that make oxygen! Download Episode (9.3 MB, 13.5 minutes) Show notes: Microbe of the episode: Streptomyces avidinii News item Takeaways In the ancient earth, the sun was dimmer, the world was colder, and oxygen was rare because photosynthesis had not yet evolved. Without oxygen to oxidize it, iron remained in its soluble, more accessible form, and many organisms took advantage of it for anaerobic metabolism. But was it photosynthesis and the oxygen it created that transformed most of the planet's iron into its insoluble form, creating large iron deposits in the ground? This study explores the possibility that it was another form of light-harvesting metabolism, called photoferrotrophy, that uses light and the transformation of iron to generate energy. This hypothesis is found to be consistent with the evidence we have about what the early earth was like. Journal Paper: Thompson KJ, Kenward PA, Bauer KW, Warchola T, Gauger T, Martinez R, Simister RL, Michiels CC, Llirós M, Reinhard CT, Kappler A, Konhauser KO, Crowe SA. 2019. Photoferrotrophy, deposition of banded iron formations, and methane production in Archean oceans. Sci Adv 5:eaav2869. Other interesting stories: Gut microbes help whales digest tricky fats in their diet Bacteria deliver antibiotic to competitors using capsules made of its own membrane (paper)   Email questions or comments to bacteriofiles at gmail dot com. Thanks for listening! Subscribe: Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Android, or RSS. Support the show at Patreon, or check out the show at Twitter or Facebook.

What can bacteria from an iron ore rich lake tell us about life on early earth? Have scientists finally solved a Carl Sagan paradox about life on early earth? When the earth was young, so was the sun, and that meant less light and heat. How did early life on earth survive if there was not enough sunlight to keep it warm? How did iron ore eating and secreting bacteria help lead to widespread life on our planet? How did micro organisms get enough oxygen to survive when the entire planet was frozen over? What can iron ore deposits tell us about life surviving when the entire planet was frozen over? Can life survive on a meteorite, the answer is surprising. How can a microbe be more suited to life on a meteorite than on earth? Katharine J. Thompson, Paul A. Kenward, Kohen W. Bauer, Tyler Warchola, Tina Gauger, Raul Martinez, Rachel L. Simister, Céline C. Michiels, Marc Llirós, Christopher T. Reinhard, Andreas Kappler, Kurt O. Konhauser, Sean A. Crowe. Photoferrotrophy, deposition of banded iron formations, and methane production in Archean oceans. Science Advances, 2019; 5 (11): eaav2869 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav2869 Maxwell A. Lechte, Malcolm W. Wallace, Ashleigh van Smeerdijk Hood, Weiqiang Li, Ganqing Jiang, Galen P. Halverson, Dan Asael, Stephanie L. McColl, Noah J. Planavsky. Subglacial meltwater supported aerobic marine habitats during Snowball Earth. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2019; 201909165 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1909165116 Tetyana Milojevic, Denise Kölbl, Ludovic Ferrière, Mihaela Albu, Adrienne Kish, Roberta L. Flemming, Christian Koeberl, Amir Blazevic, Ziga Zebec, Simon K.-M. R. Rittmann, Christa Schleper, Marc Pignitter, Veronika Somoza, Mario P. Schimak, Alexandra N. Rupert. Exploring the microbial biotransformation of extraterrestrial material on nanometer scale. Scientific Reports, 2019; 9 (1) DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54482-7

Aquatic cyanobacteria first oxygenated earth’s air, making human life possible; now, due to our actions, cyanobacteria are madly blooming once more, poisoning our coasts in the process   Thanks also to our Patreon patrons https://www.patreon.com/MinuteEarth and our YouTube members.   ___________________________________________   To learn more, start your googling with these keywords:  Cyanobacteria: aquatic photosynthesizing bacteria often erroneously call blue-green algaeBlue-green algae: incorrect name often used for cyanobacteria because they are blue-green in appearance and can be confused with algae    Dead zone: coastal area where cyanobacteria blooms lead to anaerobic conditions, killing fish and other organismsMycrosystins: a class of toxic compounds released by certain cyanobacteria ___________________________________________ Subscribe to MinuteEarth on YouTube: Support us on Patreon: And visit our website: https://www.minuteearth.com/   Say hello on Facebook: http://goo.gl/FpAvo6 And Twitter: http://goo.gl/Y1aWVC   And download our videos on itunes:  https://goo.gl/sfwS6n ___________________________________________   Credits (and Twitter handles): Script Writer: Peter Reich Script Editor: David Goldenberg (@dgoldenberg) Video Illustrator: Sarah Berman (@sarahjberman) Video Director: David Goldenberg (@dgoldenberg) Video Narrator: Julián Gómez (@ittakesii) With Contributions From: Henry Reich, Alex Reich, Kate Yoshida, Ever Salazar, Julián Gómez, Arcadi Garcia Rius  Music by: Nathaniel Schroeder: ___________________________________________   References:   Bargu S et al.  Mississippi River diversions and phytoplankton dynamics in deltaic Gulf of Mexico estuaries: A review. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 221:39-52 (2019). Berman-Frank I, Lundgren P, Falkowski P. Nitrogen fixation and photosynthetic oxygen evolution in cyanobacteria. Research in Microbiology 154, 157–164 (2003)Carey CC et al. Eco-physiological adaptations that favour freshwater cyanobacteria in a changing climate. Water Research  46, 1394-1407 (2012)Garcia AK et al.  Reconstructed ancestral enzymes suggest long-term cooling of Earth’s photic zone since the Archean. Proc Natl Acad Sci 114:4619-4624 (2017)Glass JB, Wolfe-Simon F, Anbar AD.  Coevolution of metal availability and nitrogen assimilation in cyanobacteria and algae. Geobiology 7, 100-123 (2009).Lyons TW, CT Reinhard, NJ Planavsky. The rise of oxygen in Earth’s early ocean and atmosphere Nature 506, 307–315 (2014). Planavsky NJ et al.  The evolution of the marine phosphate reservoir. Nature 467, 1088-1090 (2010)Soo RM et al. On the origins of oxygenic photosynthesis and aerobic respiration in Cyanobacteria. Science 355, 1436–1440 (2017) Tromas N et al. Characterising and predicting cyanobacterial blooms in an 8-year amplicon sequencing time course. ISME J 11:1746-1763 (2017)

What is the most abundant life in the Universe? That’s a bold question, considering we have yet to see undisputed proof that ET even exists. The only model we have, is on Earth. So let’s unpack that, and see what we end up with.   Earth, 4.6 billion years old. That’s our scale. The scale has already been split into four eons.   The first eon is called Hadean. That first eon, lasted from 4.57 billion to 4.1 billion years ago. At 4.53 billion years, a mars sized object hit the earth, forming the moon. At 4.1 to 3.8, water and organic material begin falling to Earth.   It would be during this eon 4.0-2.8 billion years ago, where life on Earth took a foothold, the Archean eon. They were single celled creatures including microscopic microfossils.   At 3.6 billion years, we can see the emergence of cyanobacteria. These little guys begin to produce oxygen in Earths’ great oxygenation event.   2.5 billion years ago, Earths oxygen level begins to significantly rise.   Notice that Earth is almost half as old as it is now, yet populated with these simple life forms, and there’s nowhere near enough oxygen in the air for animals or humans.   Once the oxygen level starts to rise, multi-celled organisms start showing up. The cells have a protected nucleus, which now house DNA.   At 2 billion years ago, photosynthesis begins to produce more oxygen. Creatures start using oxygen to process fat, sugar, and protein.   At a billion years ago, a super continent forms. Life looks like cool sponges and funky worms. Half a billion years ago, the Cambrian explosion gives rise to more complex animals that evolve and diversify rapidly.   490-445 million years ago, we see the first plants and fungi appear on land, then an Ice age. After this time, jawed fish appear, then more complex plants, increasing oxygen, winged insects.   Then 252 million years ago, the Great Dying event wipes out 95% of life on Earth. Then Dinosaurs take over the planet until Bam, a big rock from the sky wipes them out.   With nothing around to eat plants, plants become trees. Forests become the new modern habitat. With all that food around, mammals start getting bigger and bigger. The first primates appear. Those opposable thumb tree swingers eventually hit the ground That’s when the Earth became the Planet of the Apes

We welcome Dr. Shawn Domagal-Goldman from NASA! Dr. Domagal-Goldman is a research space scientist at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, where he specializes in exoplanets, Archean geochemistry, planetary atmospheres, and astrobiology. Check out our website for the full transcript of this podcast, plus the full YouTube version of this episode: https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/ask-an-astrobiologist/episodes/17/

Matt hits the road to report on-site from Benchmark Mineral Intelligence's lithium-ion supply chain seminar. We sit down to with managing director Simon Moores to talk supply-demand fundamentals in the lithium market, the potential re-emergence of graphite plays, and emerging supply concerns in the cobalt market driven by socio-political volatility in the Democratic Republic of Congo. On Lesley's Geology Corner we drill into sediment-hosted stratiform copper deposits, which are top of mind following a massive resource update from Robert Friedland's Ivanhoe Mines (TSX: IVN) and it's "historic" Kamoa-Kakula project. We discuss the mineralizing events behind these typically large-scale copper ore bodies, which Lesley says was sort of a post-Archean geological hang over! Bonus: Matt digs into a busy upcoming earning season in the U.S., impending Bank of Canada policy moves, and PwC's junior market update! Timeline: Macro update and earning season: 2:35 Geology Corner ft. Ivanhoe Mines and sediment-hosted copper: 4:59 The lithium-ion battery rush ft. Simon Moores: 19:10 Upcoming Yukon territorial elections: 29:25 PwC's junior mining update: 31:20 Story references in this episode: Ivanhoe claims largest copper discovery in African history at Kamoa: http://www.northernminer.com/news/ivanhoe-completes-resource-kamoas-kakula-deposit-drc/1003778384/ Ivanhoe, Zijin wrap up prefeasibility study at Kamoa in DRC: http://www.northernminer.com/news/ivanhoe-zijin-wrap-up-prefeasibility-study-at-kamoa-in-drc/1003769644/ Junior markets show ‘signs of life,' PwC reports: http://www.northernminer.com/news/junior-markets-show-signs-life-pwc-reports/1003778594/ Pure Energy's Robinson surveys the world's lithium deposits: http://www.northernminer.com/news/pure-energys-robinsons-take-lithium-deposits/1003773821/ Music Credit: Slow Burn Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Second part of the conversation with Archean and Mad_Scientist of Kink Engineering, ending with an interview with 3xL about his new book, "Rubber Life."

Second part of the conversation with Archean and Mad_Scientist of Kink Engineering, ending with an interview with 3xL about his new book, "Rubber Life."

First part of the conversation with Archean and Mad_Scientist, a.k.a. Marika and Matt, the founders and chief perverts behind Kink Engineering.

First part of the conversation with Archean and Mad_Scientist, a.k.a. Marika and Matt, the founders and chief perverts behind Kink Engineering.

Sat, 1 Jan 2011 12:00:00 +0100 https://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13779/ https://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/13779/1/Xu_Baiquan.pdf Xu, Baiquan