Podcast appearances and mentions of Carl Sagan

Today's poem is Earth Shovel by Dan Albergotti. The Slowdown is your daily poetry ritual. In this episode, Maggie writes… “Today's poem, which looks at the fragility of our planet, begins with two epigraphs. One is from American astronomer Carl Sagan, from his book Pale Blue Dot. The other is the famous line from politician Michael Steele.” This show is supported by gifts from listeners. Support The Slowdown with a donation today. Slowdownshow.org/donate

Čo sú to miléniové problémy a prečo je za ich vyriešenie odmena milión dolárov? Prečo robia rovnice opisujúce prúdenie tekutín fyzikom nočné mory? Dá sa z vírov a prúdenia vody skonštruovať fungujúci počítač? O tom všetkom diskutujú Jozef a Samuel.   Podcast vzniká v spolupráci so SME.    Bonusové epizódy a extra obsah k podcastom nájdete na https://herohero.co/vedator   Vesmírna kolíska https://www.martinus.sk/4102087-vesmirna-koliska/kniha   Carl Sagan (podcast naživo) https://www.eventbrite.com/e/vedatorsky-podcast-carl-sagan-tickets-2000542820429?aff=ebdssbcitybrowse   Hľadanie mimozemského života (prednáška) https://vedator.space/product/hladanie-mimozemskeho-zivota-listok-pridany-termin/   Podcastová opekačka https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSf4TqukrhWPX6SAoI4cqRqnVnIWS-hJ4Lsu9yY86RDrD03xWQ/viewform?usp=publish-editor   Otázky nám môžete nahrávať tu https://www.speakpipe.com/vedator Podcastové hrnčeky a ponožky nájdete na stránke https://vedator.space/vedastore/   Všetko ostatné nájdete tu https://linktr.ee/vedatorsk Vedátorský newsletter http://eepurl.com/gIm1y5

Ako vzniká kniha o vesmíre počas nočného tíšenia novorodenca? Prečo by hviezdy podľa fyzikálnych zákonov vlastne ani nemali fungovať? Ako dokáže nočné pozorovanie oblohy a obyčajné kráčanie upokojiť myseľ? Čo všetko spája hľadanie mimozemského života, asteroidy a vesmírne vzdialenosti? O tom všetkom diskutujú Jozef a Samuel.   Podcast vzniká v spolupráci so SME.    Bonusové epizódy a extra obsah k podcastom nájdete na https://herohero.co/vedator   Vesmírna kolíska https://www.martinus.sk/4102087-vesmirna-koliska/kniha   Carl Sagan (podcast naživo) https://www.eventbrite.com/e/vedatorsky-podcast-carl-sagan-tickets-2000542820429?aff=ebdssbcitybrowse   Hľadanie mimozemského života (prednáška) https://vedator.space/product/hladanie-mimozemskeho-zivota-listok-pridany-termin/   Podcastová opekačka https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSf4TqukrhWPX6SAoI4cqRqnVnIWS-hJ4Lsu9yY86RDrD03xWQ/viewform?usp=publish-editor Otázky nám môžete nahrávať tu https://www.speakpipe.com/vedator Podcastové hrnčeky a ponožky nájdete na stránke https://vedator.space/vedastore/   Všetko ostatné nájdete tu https://linktr.ee/vedatorsk Vedátorský newsletter http://eepurl.com/gIm1y5

Com a sua habitual sabedoria, Carl Sagan acrescentava que seria uma boa notícia recebermos uma mensagem de uma civilização extraterrestre. Seria a prova de que alguém, algures, conseguira sobreviver à adolescência tecnológica para comunicar de forma interestelar.

Nuevo capítulo del podcast "Desde el sur: explorando el Cosmos". Programa 575 Tratamos los siguientes temas: - El Telescopio Espacial Nancy Grace Roman: nuevos ojos para el Universo. - ¿Existen los agujeros de gusano? Lo que Einstein y Rosen realmente descubrieron. - Si Einstein viviera hoy ¿utilizaría la IA para investigar? - La orilla del océano cósmico. Recordamos "Cosmos" a 30 años del fallecimiento de Carl Sagan. Temas musicales: Ocean of Light - Clannad - Atlantic Realm (1988) Cuantifiable Connection - Hans Zimmer - Interstellar (2014) I Robot - Alan Parsons Project - I Robot (1977) Heaven And Hell Part 1 - Vangelis - Heaven and Hell (1975) En Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/0sBpfD7rooAfDYRzUlo6M4 Pueden colaborar con nosotros en: Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/bePatron?u=14146695 Paypal: paypal.me/ricfsanchez https://go.ivoox.com/sq/5085

Flawed skepticism makes smart minds embrace falsehoods. This book summary reveals the true baloney detection method. The Demon-Haunted World by Carl Sagan, the key ideas in minutes. Read the full summary free: https://read.getstoryshots.com/Vwopg0 Follow the show and a new book lands in your feed every day. The Demon-Haunted World by Carl Sagan: An audiobook summary and review by StoryShots.

TV critic Dan Fienberg from The Hollywood Reporter returns to talk about the latest shenanigans in the Big Brother house, preview some upcoming television, and review a few new releases, including a documentary about Carl Sagan, the latest adaptation of A Tale of Two Cities with Kit Harington, and the gripping new documentary The Row. Nick and Dan also break down the Creative Arts Emmy winners, preview the upcoming primetime Emmy ceremony, make their predictions, and more. Later, Esmeralda Leon and Nick dive back into the wonderfully weird world of phobias, including “High Places Phenomenon,” the strange urge to jump from a tall structure, plus fears involving avocado pits and anthropomorphic food. That somehow leads to Esma explaining why the “Liberty Biberty” guy from those insurance commercials freaks her out, especially his creepy mouth full of human teeth! [Ep 489]

“We might have invented the aliens that we've been looking for.” — Adam Kirsch First he took on the transhumanists. Then the settler-colonialism fanatics. Now Adam Kirsch aims his critical pen at the ultimate crazies — the flying saucer crowd. In We Want to Believe, Kirsch explains how aliens went mainstream and why this once-crackpot conspiracy theory has become a mainstream political and cultural fact. The beauty (if that's the right word) of the subject, Kirsch argues, is that because UFOs don't really exist, the flying saucer rumor mill encapsulates the paranoia of our populist age. Ever since the 2017 New York Times exposé of the Pentagon's secret UFO program, it's an industry that has fed off both the crisis of traditional authority and the suspicion that the people in power know more than they're letting on. Elites, in other words, know nothing and everything. Simultaneously. Maybe, even, they're the aliens themselves (see: Invasion of the Body Snatchers). Underneath this silliness, Kirsch notes, is something more substantial. Perhaps religion itself. Where people once saw miracles or demons, they now see little green-headed creatures packed into flying saucers. In other words, they provide a vocabulary for experiences that we can't explain, as well as a community with which we can share that mystery. So what happens when the aliens finally show up? As I suggested, maybe these transcendental creatures arrived. We've built them ourselves in the form of artificial intelligence. Kirsch agreed, seeing AI as a kind of nonhuman mind that doesn't experience the world as we do. Such a Copernican moment is “very imaginable,” the sceptic concedes. Disclosure Day. Starring Adam Kirsch. Five Takeaways •       A Pure Thought Experiment. The trilogy's logic, completed: three short books on popular ideas, this one distinguished by the fact that its subject doesn't exist — which is precisely its value. UFOs, Kirsch argues, let us think “in a very sort of almost consequence-free way” about who decides what's real, whose authority we trust, and why people need to believe — the defining questions of a populist moment in which vaccines, public health, and yesterday's common sense are all contested. The hinge was 2017: the New York Times's “Glowing Auras and ‘Black Money'” exposé revealed the Pentagon's AATIP program, and the paper of record saying the government knows more than it admits took UFOs from niche conspiracy to mainstream issue. Kirsch himself started paying attention — smoke that might lead to fire. “Unfortunately, in the years since then, no fire has been discovered.” What he learned instead: how easy it is to be misled, and what scientific evidence actually is.•       'Oumuamua's Wager. The book's treatment of past guest Avi Loeb is a study in the seduction of credentials: an astrophysicist of unimpeachable standing willing to entertain what colleagues won't — that the interstellar object ‘Oumuamua might have been a broken light sail from an alien probe — “kindles the imagination,” Kirsch's included. But the metal globs from the Pacific floor and the fresh candidates each year breed suspicion, and the standard remains Carl Sagan's: extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence. Loeb's reply reworks Pascal — ‘Oumuamua's wager: believe, because the benefits of an open mind outweigh the cost of being wrong. Kirsch's honesty cuts through: “I would love to believe in UFOs.” Nothing would be more exciting. Which sharpens the genuine scientific conundrum — the space age promised a galaxy teeming with signals and delivered silence: “Why is Earth so important if it should be so unimportant? Where are all the other Earths?”•       The Archetype of Conspiracy. The disclosure paradigm is eighty years old, and it trained us all: the people in power know more than they're letting on, there are secret tapes and files, and the people deserve the truth — a template rehearsed on Roswell long before COVID or the Epstein files. Andrew's gloss: elites, in other words, know nothing and everything — simultaneously. Maybe, even, they're the aliens themselves (see: Invasion of the Body Snatchers). The official history runs from Truman's alarm at the early-fifties Washington flap (if the Soviets can reach our skies, we must know) through the commissions of Ruppelt, J. Allen Hynek, and Edward Condon — whose report closed the file for half a century — to the 2017 AATIP revelation that reopened it, complete with congressional hearings and annual Pentagon reporting requirements. Today's ledger: military pilots keep reporting lights that move impossibly; 95 percent get explained; the unexplained 5 percent “doesn't mean that they're UFOs — it just means there isn't enough information.” Even the vocabulary tells the story: “UFO,” coined in the fifties to sound neutral, absorbed the flying saucer and had to be replaced by “UAP.” Spielberg's Disclosure Day — fan service for believers, by Kirsch's account, and disappointing by Andrew's — monetizes the same secret-truth appeal that made Close Encounters.•       A Religious Impulse. Why do people believe? The scholar D. W. Pasulka's “book encounters” supply Kirsch's answer: someone has an experience they can't understand, reads the UFO literature, and says this is what happened to me — where a medieval villager would have named a miracle, a demon, or a god. Belief provides a vocabulary for the inexplicable and a community to interpret it with; Jacques Vallée, Silicon Valley's resident UFO intellectual, adds the perennialist claim that people have always seen strange things in the sky and that they mark “reality beyond our rational mind.” Science fiction serves the same hunger — Kirsch's own California childhood ran on The Next Generation and Asimov — a sandbox for questions religion once answered: what are humans for, why is mind so out of place in the universe? And the aliens we imagine are always mirrors: Wells's Darwinian indifference (we are their microbes), the Cold War's destroyers and moral guides, and now Musk's Mars — an insurance policy for mind itself against our own extinction. The catch that keeps UFOs at the intersection of science and belief: real aliens must obey physics, interstellar distances forbid the journey, so belief becomes “a big X” — faith that there's physics we haven't found. Even Sagan's Contact, Kirsch notes, resorts to a wormhole. Magic, scientifically dressed.•       The Aliens We Invented. The conversation's destination, via Andrew's suggestion that the aliens have arrived and we built them: “we might have invented the aliens that we've been looking for” — nonhuman minds, freed from biology, that don't experience the world as we do and may transcend or outlive us. What felt like science fiction when The Revolt Against Humanity appeared in 2023 now reads as near-future planning — and the AI lens even revises the search heuristic: perhaps advanced technology isn't skyscrapers in space but something chip-small, too compact to see. Pressed on whether a Copernican moment could leave skeptics — him and Andrew both — with egg on their faces, Kirsch concedes it's “very imaginable,” with the caveat that the loudest AGI claims come from those selling it. The poet's summation: the world not being made to our measure has been...

Y en las noticias paranormales: Ohio busca reconocer oficialmente a Loveland Frogman como el críptido oficial del estado.Un nuevo estudio expone un hominido el Homo Naledi que ha desconcertado a los científicos porque todos los esqueletos que han encontrado son del género femenino.

Salmo 53:1“Dice el necio en su corazón: No hay Dios. Se han corrompido, e hicieron abominable maldad; No hay quien haga bien".¿Se ha dado cuenta de que muchos de los más admirados ateos provienen de un trasfondo del área científica? Podría citar docenas - Richard Dawkins, Sam Harris, Daniel Dennett y Stephen Hawking, para nombrar unos pocos. Miles de personas son admiradores del difunto Carl Sagan y su discípulo, Neil deGrass Tyson. Algunos de estos ateos son prácticamente superestrellas con seguidores que ascienden a millones.Pues bien, Charles Darwin tuvo su cuota de seguidores también. En el principio, el Origen de las Especies fue aceptado no por ningún mérito científico sino porque ofrecía una alternativa racional a lo milagroso. Los primeros seguidores de Darwin no eran científicos de la época, sino teólogos que rechazaban los milagros de la Biblia.Cada uno de los seguidores de Darwin tenía sus propios motivos para aceptar la teoría de la evolución. Pero uno de sus más notables seguidores fue Karl Marx. Como autor del Manifiesto Comunista, Marx encontró el principio de la lucha-hasta-la-muerte de la selección natural una perfecta confirmación de su propia visión de la lucha de clases del hombre. En agradecimiento, Marx, envió a Darwin una copia de su Das Kapital en 1873.Seis años más tarde, Marx escribió a Darwin, solicitando permiso para dedicarle su próximo volumen. Pero Darwin declinó el ofrecimiento, explicando que "sería doloroso para ciertos miembros de su familia si se asocia con un libro tan ateo".¡A veces me pregunto si Darwin se revolvería en su tumba si supiera de los horrores que se ha solicitado que su teoría justifique en los últimos dos siglos!Oración: Padre Celestial, no sigo a ningún hombre. En lugar de ello, Sigo a tu Hijo, Jesucristo, que murió para darme la vida eterna. Sólo Él es digno de mi alabanza. Amén.Ref: Ian T. Taylor, En la mente de los hombres: Darwin y el Nuevo Orden Mundial (TFE Publicación y Momentos de la Creación, Sexta edición, 2008). Imagen: Communist-manifesto--first-page Friedrich Engels, Karl Marx, Public domain, Wikimedia Commons. To support this ministry financially, visit: https://www.oneplace.com/donate/1235/29?v=20251111

El fenómeno ovni ya es oficialmente real: lo certifican científicos, militares y políticos. La pregunta incómoda llega después: ¿y qué es? Frente a la hipótesis extraterrestre de siempre, existe otra posibilidad tan fascinante como inquietante: que algunos de estos encuentros se deban a una especie humanoide nativa de la Tierra, escondida desde tiempos inmemoriales, tecnológicamente por delante de nosotros y muy interesada en no ser descubierta. Repasamos las piezas que encajan sospechosamente bien: la teatralidad de los avistamientos, esa obsesión con nuestra biología reproductiva, los ovnis que se sumergen en el océano, el folclore universal de los pequeños humanoides, los relatos de bases subterráneas y esos encuentros con "personas" que no lograban parecer del todo humanas. Un viaje por la hipótesis criptoterrestre, con parada en Betty y Barney Hill, Antonio Vilas Boas, Betty Andreasson, los ultraterrestres de John Keel, el Oanes sumerio que llamó la atención de Carl Sagan y ese término deliberadamente ambiguo que ahora usa Washington: inteligencias no humanas. Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals

Agradece a este podcast tantas horas de entretenimiento y disfruta de episodios exclusivos como éste. ¡Apóyale en iVoox! En este episodio de Universo de Misterios repasamos la historia y los hitos de las misiones Voyager, dos sondas lanzadas en 1977 para explorar los planetas exteriores del sistema solar. Conocemos la idea pionera de Gary Flandro que permitió aprovechar una rara alineación planetaria para reducir la duración de la misión. Detallamos los descubrimientos realizados en Júpiter, Saturno, Urano y Neptuno, así como la entrada de ambas sondas en el espacio interestelar. Además, analizamos el legado científico y tecnológico de estas misiones, que continúan enviando datos más de 46 años después de su lanzamiento. Cerramos con la reflexión de Carl Sagan sobre la icónica imagen del “pálido punto azul”, tomada por la Voyager 1. Gracias por acompañarnos en Universo de Misterios. La ignorancia nunca es deseable. Nos escuchamos en el próximo viaje al universo que viene. Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals

Hi, I'm Rachana, and I write short stories, poetry and essays on our enduring humanity. I love to help people unlock their highest potential and build lives of purpose, resilience and unstoppable momentum.This video has been generated using Notebook LLM using an essay I've written on Sagan's work. You can read the essay here: https://futurestrong.org/2026/01/31/carl-sagan-didnt-just-explain-the-universe-he-explained-what-it-means-to-be-human/My big dream? To consciously create a better future where everyone is excited about their own potential – and yes, I'm aiming to win the Nobel in December 2044 for contributions to human development. Crazy? Maybe. But will you join me on this journey of growth and transformation?Love The Series? Here's the What In The World - Live With Rachana SERIES Playlist: https://futurestrong.org/2022/10/02/the-what-in-the-world-series-live-with-rachana-on-inspiration-unstoppable-motivation-and-daily-life-events/

Vad händer om vi börjar mixtra med det förflutna? Lyssna på alla avsnitt i Sveriges Radios app. Tidsresor är ett ständigt återkommande tema inom science fiction. Men frågan om tidens natur och huruvida vi skulle kunna manipulera den gäckar även verklighetens filosofer och fysiker. Vad talar för – och emot – att resor fram- eller tillbaka i tiden skulle kunna bli möjliga? Och om vilka risker skulle det innebära om vi faktiskt lyckades?P3 Dystopia ger sig ut på en svindlande resa genom rumtiden och tittar närmare på allt från relativitetsteorin till maskhål och grandfather-paradoxen.Programledare och producent: Jennifer Sjöblom och Wendela AntepohlKällförteckningAndra P3 Dystopia-avsnitt som nämns: Alltings slut del 1 av 2 Alltings slut del 2 av 2Fri vilja Medverkande: Sean Carroll - teoretisk fysiker och professor i filosofi vid Johns Hopkin UniversityEmily Thomas - professor i filosofi vid University of DurhamUlf Danielsson - professor i teoretisk fysik vid Uppsala UniversitetLjudklipp: ABC News: Is time travel possible? Big Think: A physicist reveals how time travel is possible Carl Sagan's Cosmos: Episode 8: Travels in Time and SpaceBöcker och filmer: The Tomorrow WarInterstellarAvengers: EndgameDr StrangeDarkSpiderman: Into the spider-verseThe Time Machine, film från 1960 och bok av H.G. WellsA Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court av Mark TwainArtiklar/källor i urval: The shape of time (Emily Thomas, 2020)No, Thermodynamics Does Not Explain Our Perceived Arrow Of Time (Forbes, 2019)The Philosophy of Joseph Priestley's 1765 Timeline: Abstract Ideas, Time, and Human Progress (History of Philosophy Quarterly, 2023) Joseph Priestley Created Revolutionary “Maps” of Time (Humanities, 2024)Time (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2002)Time and Truth: The presentism-Eternalism debate (Cambridge University Press, 2009) Newton's philosophical analysis of space and time (Cambridge University Press, 2009)Around-the-World Atomic Clocks: Predicted Relativistic Time Gains (Science, 1972)Optical Clocks and Relativity (Science, 2010)Firarvecka för Einsteins teori - men hur funkar den? (Vetenskapsradion, 2015)Redshifted civilizations, galactic empires, and the Fermi paradox (Acta Astronautica, 2026)Bananas Enough for Time Travel? (The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 1997) Quantum principle of relativity (New Journal of Physics, 2020)Superluminal observers do not explain quantum superpositions (Physics Letters A, 2023)What Is Time? | Professor Sean Carroll Explains Presentism and Eternalism (The Great Courses, 2018)Så kommer människor att resa i tiden – här är metoderna som funkar (Vetenskapsradion, 2025)Musik:Theodore Shapiro – Safely SituatedTheodore Shapiro – TokensGustavo Santaolalla – Forgotten MemoriesTheodore Shapiro – Tree of LifeKid Loco – Theme from the Graffiti ArtistCher – If I Could Turn Back TimeJon Brion – You LearnBen Prunty – Engi (Explore)Ludwig Göransson – SirensMarcus Bagalà – Boxes: Bittersweet ClosureJon Brion – StorybookErik Satie – GnossienneKlaus Badelt – Opening Titles (Professor Alexander Hartdegen)Silver Maple – Particle EmissionSilver Maple – Quantum MechanicsJay Varton – My Kind of IllusionMax Anson – Secret LightCliff Martinez – Rubber HeadHans Zimmer – Cornfield ChaseTerekke – ArrpfadedHans Zimmer – Tick TockMarcus Bagalà – Cascading BellsDJ Shadow – Stem Long StemBen Frost – Alles Ist Miteinander VerbundenMarcus Bagalà – Frets: Problem, After ProblemJeff Beal – I Think I Smell GasClint Mansell – DreamsBlue Dot Sessions – Lemon and Melon

Ni planetas gigantes de gas, ni verdaderas estrellas. En el vasto y oscuro espacio habita una enigmática categoría de objetos astronómicos conocidos como "enanas marrón". Estos cuerpos subestelares, predichos a mitad del siglo pasado pero descubiertos apenas en los años noventa, son verdaderas "estrellas fallidas" que no poseen la masa suficiente para encender el fuego nuclear del hidrógeno, pero que logran sostener un tímido calor fusionando deuterio en sus profundidades. A pesar de tener el tamaño de Júpiter, su densa materia degenerada las hace increíblemente pesadas y frías, llegando a registrar temperaturas tan bajas como las de la propia Tierra, donde misteriosas atmósferas de vapor de agua y tormentas de hierro fundido desafían nuestra imaginación. ¿Qué son exactamente las enanas marrón y cómo es posible que en nuestra Galaxia existan decenas de miles de millones de ellas aún ocultas en la penumbra cósmica? ¿Podrían flotar formas de vida exóticas en sus heladas nubes, tal como alguna vez imaginó Carl Sagan para los gigantes gaseosos Acompáñanos a explorar este fascinante puente cósmico que desdibuja las fronteras de las categorías que los humanos inventamos para clasificar el universo.Realizado y presentado por: Antonio Bernal (Observatorio Fabra, Barcelona) y Jorge I. Zuluaga (Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín-Colombia)Producido por: Jorge I. Zuluaga (Universidad de Antioquia)Lista de episodios organizados por tema: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://tinyurl.com/y58xkvcn⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Lista de reproducción temática: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://tinyurl.com/89s2fpm8⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Enlaces de interés: Artículo "Enanas marrones: el puente entre las estrellas y los planetas" de Rafael Rebolo y María Rosa Zapatero Osorio. Nota de prensa sobre el descubrimiento de una "muñeca rusa" planetaria o la primera enana marrón con una "luna".

UFOs were once the stuff of tabloids and conspiracy theories. Today they're the subject of congressional hearings, Pentagon investigations, mainstream news coverage, and a new wave of claims about government cover-ups and alien technology. Adam Kirsch, senior editor at The Atlantic and author of We Want to Believe: How Aliens Went Mainstream and Why It Matters, joins Michael Shermer to ask what changed—and why the idea of extraterrestrial visitors has such a powerful hold on us. They discuss Roswell, UFO "disclosure," eyewitness testimony, government secrecy, alien abductions, Carl Sagan and Contact, the religious impulse behind UFO belief, and the difference between testimony and scientific evidence. The conversation also turns to the serious scientific search for extraterrestrial intelligence: the Fermi paradox, why decades of SETI have found nothing, how rare intelligent life might be, and whether our ideas about aliens ultimately tell us more about ourselves than about anything actually out there. Adam Kirsch is the author of several books of poetry and criticism and a senior editor at The Atlantic. A 2016 Guggenheim Fellow, Kirsch has written for publications including The New Yorker, Slate, The Times Literary Supplement, The New York Times Book Review, Poetry, and Tablet. His new book is We Want to Believe: How Aliens Went Mainstream and Why It Matters.

Agradece a este podcast tantas horas de entretenimiento y disfruta de episodios exclusivos como éste. ¡Apóyale en iVoox! En este episodio de Universo de Misterios profundizamos en la paradoja de Fermi, la inquietante pregunta sobre la ausencia de señales o visitas de civilizaciones extraterrestres a pesar de la inmensidad y antigüedad del universo. Repasamos los hechos que fundamentan esta paradoja, desde la edad y tamaño del cosmos hasta la abundancia de galaxias, estrellas y planetas habitables. Analizamos las propuestas de Hart y Tipler que concluyen que no existen civilizaciones avanzadas, y la respuesta crítica de Carl Sagan que cuestiona estas afirmaciones. Finalmente, exploramos la hipótesis del gran filtro, que plantea barreras evolutivas que podrían explicar nuestra aparente soledad en el cosmos. Gracias por acompañarnos en Universo de Misterios. La ignorancia nunca es deseable. Nos escuchamos en el próximo viaje al universo que viene. Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals

Has the earth been visited by extraterrestrials? Are we alone? Despite no formal evidence for conscious life outside of earth, the belief that we are not alone has become more common among both scientists and everyday people. Listen as author Adam Kirsch talks to EconTalk host Russ Roberts about the urge to believe that there are sentient beings elsewhere in the universe and that these aliens want to connect with human beings. Topics discussed include why belief in extraterrestrials has become more mainstream, existential loneliness, religion, extinction, and Elon Musk's desire to get to Mars.

Mars Rover adventure! Take a long-distance journey over a smooth-ish Martian terrain with a lovable Mars Rover. This week's episode uses some real Martian Rover sounds (and some simulated) with wind, static, and interplanetary drift. Whether you're studying, working, reading, sleeping, or unwinding after a long day, this immersive ambient soundscape provides the perfect background soundtrack. No talking, no interruptions—just red planet vibes. Ignore the World._____________For this week's episode, we will (fictionally) tap into the microphones of a Mars Rover and listen in as it takes a long journey across the surface of the planet named after the Roman god of war. And I can tell by that wind-up that this episode description is going to get daff. Save yourselves.Ooph, before I continue, I know I have been going on and on about renaming myself Mr. Ambience the last two weeks—I did rename myself Mr. Ambience, much to my wife's chagrin. Then I did a search for “Mr. Ambience,” and some person has already staked out that name… Which will make my wife laugh because she thought the name was ridiculous.I thought maybe I could try “Not Mr. Ambience,” but that reads agro to my ears. Dr. Ambience would be great… unfortunately, I am not a doctor. I did assist a professor once by helping them move into a new apartment—does Assistant Professor Ambience sound feasible? I should workshop this offline—Because the fabulously windy and otherworldly red surface calls to us. So we must rove. It'll be the great American road movie, just not a film and not in America or on the planet.Look, I (conveniently) chose fictionalized Mars Rover movements. This allows me to play with sounds that would be inaudible on the surface of Mars (at least distant sounds, more below) and add boops and beeps (because people love that ****). It also allows me to do something more fun with the metal wheels. You can hear them in the Perseverance Rover driving highlights from NASA (imagine rocks rolling in lobster pots).I included the actual Mars Rover sounds (NASA/JPL-Caltech/LANL/CNES/CNRS/ISAE-SUPAERO) in this ambient construction, but they are mostly dialed back.I want to mention that sound works differently on Mars because of a range of factors. And you shouldn't trust me to be right about that; I was a communication major.Ambient audio on Mars behaves differently because of the planet's extremely thin, cold atmosphere and its composition. Lower frequencies travel farther, while high frequencies dissipate more quickly.I point this out so you know I held this reality while designing this week's episode, and (thoughtfully) breached the ****. I don't know why I feel like Carl Sagan would want to get me for being wrong. Honestly, whenever I'm talking about space with my kids, in the back of my mind Carl Sagan is disapproving. Look at me mentioning Carl Sagan more in this week's episode than our episode about the Golden Records (shout out to Carl Sagan).…And so, to deflect from my uncomfortability with trying to explain science in the first place—I am now definitively saying that low frequency is KING on Mars. For the Elysium Planitia music festival I'm planning [airhorn], there will be no Captain & Tennille or Jeffrey Osborne (bc no one would hear anything). So... introducing the 2027 Elysium Bass Festival (we'll be using influencers but not Ja Rule): 95 South, the Quad City DJs, and DJ Magic Mike is the headliner.Episode cover includes an image from NASA.

Generative Artificial Intelligence is now part of daily life—having leaped from science fiction to indispensable daily tool with alarming speed. But what does it mean for us a religious community and as thinking religious beings? If we don't figure that out before the robot overlords carry us off, we'll be all the poorer for it. That's why TRADITION was delighted to feature two intelligent and insightful contributions for our Spring 2026 issue—both investigating AI through the prism of Orthodox Jewish thought (what we do bets at our journal). Alex Harris' “Becoming One Like Us? Jewish Tradition and Artificial Intelligence” considers the ethical, theological, and anthropological implications of artificial intelligence as a proper subject of mahashava. Harris suggest that as advancements in AI approach the threshold of “artificial general intelligence,” longstanding assumptions about human uniqueness are increasingly called into question. In this episode of the Tradition Podcast, associate editor Chaim Strauchler meets with Marina Zilbergerts to discuss her article, “Algorithms, Zombies and Maimonides' God: A Jewish Theology of Consciousness for the Age of AI” (open access). Together they wonder what lessons can be drawn from AI's example of “intelligence without emotion” for how classical Jewish thinkers understand God? Zilbergerts offers a defense of emotion as a critical component of the Divine, using Rabbi Adin Steinzaltz and astronomer Carl Sagan to reframe Maimonides' position. The questions “Can AI have faith?” and “Why don't we expect it to?” prompt a discussion of social trends regarding deep reading, thinking, and faith that go beyond current technological trends. Has modern faith already become a little too rational? Zilbergerts also shares news on her upcoming book, Genesis in the Age of AI: A New Story of Consciousness (forthcoming from Routledge). Watch a video recording of this conversation. Dr. Marina Zilbergerts is a Visiting Professor in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Ottawa, and an advisor with the organization AI & Faith. Her Substack, “The Inner Light,” explores consciousness, Jewish thought, and the philosophical questions raised by AI. Chaim Strauchler, an associate editor of TRADITION, is rabbi of Cong. Rinat Yisrael in Teaneck. The post A Jewish Theology of Consciousness for the Age of AI appeared first on Tradition Online.

Your very existence is a cosmic anomaly. This Cosmos summary reveals the surprising origins of all matter and why it matters.

Tut chariot crash, Knievel's ancestors, Typecasting villains, Carl Sagan's nemesis, Gangster memorabilia, Ben Franklin's mass grave, Elvis's genetic struggle. Jennifer, Angie, Way, and Bradley discuss a variety of curated links from the archives. Please consider supporting this ad-free content on Patreon.

A Harvard astrophysicist once suggested that the best explanation for our moon is observational error — that the moon simply does not exist. Sometimes the theory is in more trouble than the evidence. In the Sunday school hour at Quentin Road Baptist Church, Dr. Jake Hebert of the Institute for Creation Research takes the class on a tour of the solar system and deep space, and makes a claim that sounds backwards until you hear it out: recent creation is the more reasonable position. Age, he argues, is never measured in a laboratory — it is calculated from assumptions about the past, and those assumptions rule out creation before the evidence is ever examined. Then the tour: comets that should have melted away long ago, propped up by an Oort cloud that Carl Sagan admitted has no direct evidence behind it. Magnetic fields still humming on small bodies that should have gone cold eons ago. Saturn's rings, Titan's methane, volcanic Io, a crater-free plain on Pluto. Earth's own magnetic field losing half its energy every 1,400 years. A creation physicist who read 2 Peter 3:5 and predicted the magnetism of Mercury, Uranus, and Neptune while mainstream models missed at nearly every planet. And the hard one everybody asks about — how we can see starlight from billions of light years away in a universe only thousands of years old. The companion to the morning message "Our Young World," and an entirely different subject: this hour is the sky. Scripture referenced: Psalm 19:1; Genesis 1:5, 8; 2 Peter 3:5; Mark 10:6

Contact is the only science fiction novel by Pulitzer Prize winner and renowned science communicator Carl Sagan. Through Ellie Arroway, a radio astronomer who discovers a radio signal from an extraterrestrial intelligence, Sagan draws us into humanity's effort to decipher a message that could change everything. How does Sagan's scientific background translate into science fiction? Join us and see!TTYpodcast.comThumbingThroughYesterday.com

Picture two circles. The smaller one holds everything science could measure in 1800. The larger one holds everything it can measure today.  Between them sits what was mystical in 1800 and is provable now. Real the whole time. Just waiting for the instruments to catch up. This episode is about what sits outside the larger circle.Which is to say: about what you have known your entire life without being able to prove.  This is the ninth episode of season two of The Polymathic Perspective, the penultimate episode of a ten-episode investigation into what we want but refuse to accept. This episode is anchored in Robert Zemeckis's Contact (1997), from Carl Sagan's novel.  Jodie Foster's character, Ellie Arroway, returns from somewhere real but cannot prove she was there. Not because it did not happen. Because the instruments do not yet reach that far. There's an image in this episode that will probably outlast most of what you hear this year. An image that profoundly walks you across the paradoxical gap of who your Emotional Architecture says you are and a signal that says it's not true.  That's what living inside a mismatched field actually feels like. Dov names, on record, what living inside that gap has cost him personally. As a boy who grew up below the poverty line. As the adult who built the life and still sometimes struggles to fully own it. He also raises an open question, which he does not resolve, about whether some of what looks like neurodivergent wiring might be a field agreement made below conscious awareness. He is aware that a man raising that question is not the most immediately credible framing. He raises it anyway. Examined through Einstein's "spooky action at a distance," Rupert Sheldrake's morphic resonance, and the frameworks the series has been building. The question is not whether you can prove your signal.  The question is what you do when the instruments say it is not real, and you know it is. IN THIS EPISODE 00:00 Science Circles Metaphor 01:56 Beyond Your Allowed Wants 02:41 Show Intro and Episode Setup 03:56 Contact and The Signal 05:06 Signal vs Instruments Gap 06:34 Entanglement and Fields 09:08 Personal Scarcity Source Code 12:37 Restrictions as Field Agreements 14:26 Startups and Civilizations Signals 16:40 Holding the Paradox 18:06 Renegotiate and Make The Ask 20:02 Wrap Up and Call to Action THE SERIES: What We Want But Refuse To Accept is a ten-episode arc. Next episode is the series finale: The Ask.  Follow the show to receive it as it releases. ABOUT THE POLYMATHIC PERSPECTIVE  We don't collect ideas here. We examine the emotional logic beneath power, culture, identity, and meaning.ABOUT DOV BARON:  Dov Baron has spent more than thirty years inside the rooms where leaders, founders, and executives make the decisions that shape organizations. He is the creator of the Emotional Meaning Architecture and Emotional Source Code frameworks.  

This week the crew dives into everything from the enduring appeal of Star Trek and classic science fiction to Christopher Nolan's The Odyssey, Saturday morning superheroes, and the ever-growing spoiler problem surrounding the Marvel Cinematic Universe. Then it's on to the Future or Now segment, where Linux experiments with collaborative computing, the Large Hadron Collider may have stumbled onto an unexpected clue about dark matter, and the hosts speculate about what Spider-Man: Brand New Day means for the future of Marvel. Real Life Ben kicks things off with a reminder that, in his opinion, all Trek is good Trek. That naturally leads into a discussion about the six Star Trek movies featuring the crew of the USS Enterprise and why the franchise continues to find new fans across generations. He also revisits Carl Sagan's Contact, arguing that both the novel and the Jodie Foster film remain some of the finest examples of thoughtful hard science fiction ever created. Devon brings a dose of nostalgia with the return of Blockbuster Game and Movie Quotes, revisiting the classic video rental era and the memorable quotes that defined countless movie nights. Steven reviews The Odyssey, sharing spoiler-filled thoughts on the film's strengths, historical accuracy, and breathtaking presentation. His recommendation is simple: if you have the opportunity, see it in IMAX. One unexpected highlight was the Cyclops sequence, whose visual style reminded him of surreal 1990s rock music videos, channeling the atmosphere of bands like Pearl Jam and Nine Inch Nails. Steven also revisits X-Men '92, X-Men '96, and X-Men '97, praising how well the original animated series portrayed its female characters. Better yet, his kids were immediately hooked after watching the iconic two-part opener, Night of the Sentinels. Future or Now Ben explores the surprisingly underdeveloped world of multi-seat computing on Linux after reading an excellent write-up on the subject at https://blinry.org/multi-seat-wayland/. While the Wayland protocol already supports multiple users sharing a single computer remarkably well, many surrounding applications and libraries still lag behind. The project demonstrates exciting possibilities for collaborative gaming, pair programming, classrooms, and other shared computing experiences. He also highlights the cooperative physics game Heavenly Bodies (https://store.steampowered.com/app/1138850/Heavenly_Bodies/), whose unique gameplay feels like the perfect showcase for this kind of multi-user setup. Devon heads underground—literally—to CERN, where researchers continue investigating mysterious "unidentified falling objects" inside the Large Hadron Collider. According to a recent article from ScienceAlert (https://www.sciencealert.com/ufos-in-the-large-hadron-collider-may-be-hints-of-dark-matter), tiny dust particles unexpectedly drift into the proton beam, disrupting experiments. The bigger mystery isn't the dust itself, but what causes it to move in one of the cleanest scientific instruments ever built. Some physicists now wonder whether these events could be indirect hints of dark matter interacting with the detector in ways nobody anticipated. Steven wraps things up with thoughts on Spider-Man: Brand New Day, using it as a springboard to discuss the modern spoiler culture surrounding the Marvel Cinematic Universe. With audiences dissecting every trailer, casting announcement, and leaked set photos months before release, the hosts debate whether the excitement of surprise has largely disappeared. Along the way, Ben poses one of the episode's more important questions: If it's a gray movie... should Hulk be gray too?

Can intellectual humility be measured? What influences it and affects it, limits it and enhances it? What even is it, scientifically speaking? We explore all of this and then play an episode of How to Be A Better Human featuring psychologist Tenelle Porter telling comedian Chris Duffy how she is researching how to conduct better research into intellectual humility. Previous Episodes Transcript at TED How to Be A Better Human The Gateway Drugs to Intellectual Humility Tenelle Porter's Research Tenelle Porter's Website The Illusion of Explanatory Depth Kitted Shop The Story of Kitted How Minds Change David McRaney's BlueSky David McRaney's Twitter YANSS Twitter Show Notes Newsletter Patreon Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Como o cinema de ficção, a divulgação científica clássica e as metáforas musicais podem enriquecer a escuta e a perspectiva da prática clínica? Nesta edição da Prescrição Cultural do Afya News, analisamos o filme Devoradores de Estrelas, destacando a amizade entre os protagonistas como um exercício profundo de comunicação não-verbal, empatia e construção de vínculo. Discutimos também a obra Cosmos, de Carl Sagan, ressaltando como a perspectiva científica do universo engrandece o ato de cuidar da vida humana e devolve o senso de fascínio na rotina do consultório. Por fim, indicamos o álbum The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust, de David Bowie, refletindo sobre como transitar entre diferentes papéis com sensibilidade e autenticidade. O Afya News apresenta notícias da medicina com informação confiável e atualizada no seu tempo. Criado pela Afya, o maior hub de educação e soluções para a prática médica do Brasil, nosso propósito é transformar a saúde junto com quem tem a medicina como vocação.Fontes do episódio aqui:⁠https://portal.afya.com.br/podcasts/afya-news/02-08-2026

Comenzamos este nuevo programa de SER Historia hablando de arqueoastronomía. Esta ciencia estudia la orientación de los edificios a momentos celestes, constelaciones, el sol, la una, etc. Nuestro guía es el egiptólogo, profesor de la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, José Lull. En nuestra sección de Historia de la Ciencia 2.o Pablo Arias nos trae la figura de Carl Sagan, el gran astrofísico y divulgador de la ciencia. Y cuando estamos a punto de recibir un nuevo evento celeste de impacto mundial como es el eclipse del día 12 de agosto, analizamos este tema en profundidad de la mano del físico Óscar Díez

If physical extraterrestrial beings from another region of our galaxy or universe is scientifically impossible, then what other alternatives are there which might reveal the true identity of aliens and extraterrestrial intelligences? Are they all just science fiction, or might there be a deeper, spiritual reality behind their true identity? On this episode of the Profile, Watchman Fellowship President James K. Walker sits down with Watchman founder David Henke to discuss some biblical possibilities regarding the nature and identity of alleged extraterrestrials. Why would any alien beings from another part of the universe be so focused on correcting our understanding of Jesus and the Gospel message?The Bible is clear about the identity of anyone who comes preaching a different Gospel or a different Jesus, even if they appear to us as angels of light.  Other Watchman Fellowship Resources on the Question of Aliens, UFOs, and UAPs: Free Four-Page Profile ArticlesUFOs and UAPsRaeliansHeaven's GateDisclosure DayThe Urantia BookPodcast Episodes on UFOs, Aliens, and Extraterrestrials Aliens, Evolution, and Intelligent DesignWhat is the Message of Spielberg's Disclosure Day?UFOS and AliensUfologist Gary Bates Part OneUfologist Gary Bates Part TwoAncient Aliens? No.Daniel's interview with Sasha Sagan, the daughter of the late planetary astronomer Carl SaganAdditional ResourcesFREE: We are also offering a subscription to our 4-page bimonthly Profiles here: www.watchman.org/FreePROFILE NOTEBOOK: Order the complete collection of Watchman Fellowship Profiles (around 700 pages -- from Astrology to Zen Buddhism) in either printed or PDF formats here: www.watchman.org/NotebookSUPPORT: Help us create more content like this. Make a tax-deductible donation here: www.watchman.org/GiveApologetics Profile is a ministry of Watchman Fellowship For more information, visit www.watchman.org © 2026 Watchman Fellowship, Inc.

Algumas das luas de Júpiter e Saturno têm sido objetos de interesse da astrobiologia há tempos. Novas missões estão a caminho para explorar alguns desses satélites e procurar  condições de habitabilidade que podem estar em grandes oceanos debaixo da superfície. Aqui na Terra, o estudo de organismos que vivem e se reproduzem em ambientes considerados extremos, os extremófilos, pode ajudar a entender como a vida pode se adaptar a condições de temperatura extremamente baixa, entre outros estressores. Para tratar do tema, o repórter Danilo Albergaria conversou com as pesquisadoras Amanda Bendia e Maria Eduarda Nascimento, ambas do Instituto Oceanográfico da USP, Rosaly Lopes, da NASA e Douglas Galante, do Instituto de Geociências, também da USP. Este é o terceiro episódio de uma série produzida pelo Danilo, com apoio do Programa Mídia Ciência, da FAPESP. _________________ Roteiro Danilo: Nos dois primeiros episódios do podcast Oxigênio dedicados à astrobiologia, falamos da busca por vida em exoplanetas e em Marte. Desde os anos 60, Marte foi o objeto que mais capturou as atenções dos cientistas interessados em entender se a vida pode ter surgido e  persistido em outros lugares do sistema solar. Mas esse panorama tem mudado nas últimas décadas. Desde as missões Galileo e Cassini, algumas das luas que orbitam Júpiter e Saturno entraram no rol de mundos com potencial de oferecer condições habitáveis à vida como a conhecemos. Novas missões espaciais estão a caminho ou em fase final de preparação para explorar algumas das luas dos gigantes gasosos. Entre os seus objetivos está entender melhor as potenciais condições de habitabilidade nos grandes oceanos debaixo da superfície dessas luas – ou seja, os cientistas querem saber se esses lugares oferecem condições suficientes para que seres vivos sobrevivam. Nesse episódio, eu entrevistei quatro cientistas que trabalham direta ou indiretamente com isso. Com eles, vamos explorar o que sabemos – e o que ainda não sabemos – sobre as luas geladas do sistema solar. Será que pode existir vida nesses lugares? É isso o que muita gente que pesquisa astrobiologia quer saber. [Vinheta] Danilo: Algumas das missões mais importantes da exploração espacial do presente e do futuro próximo estão destinadas às luas de Júpiter e Saturno. Vamos falar primeiro das que vão explorar a vizinhança de Júpiter.  A sonda JUICE, acrônimo para “explorador das luas geladas de Júpiter” em inglês, foi lançada pela ESA (a agência espacial europeia) em 2023 para explorar Ganimedes, Calisto e Europa, três das quatro luas de Júpiter chamadas de galileanas. O quarteto foi observado pela primeira vez há mais de 400 anos por Galileu Galilei. A não ser pela nossa própria Lua, nenhuma lua do sistema solar é visível a olho nu. Galileu foi o primeiro a observar as luas de Júpiter usando um telescópio, invenção recente que tinha sido aprimorada por ele. As luas galileanas de Júpiter são relativamente grandes. Embora ainda sejam objetos bem menores do que a Terra, Ganimedes e Calisto são um pouco maiores do que a nossa Lua, enquanto a  Europa é um pouco menor. A quarta lua, a Io – um verdadeiro inferno vulcânico, e que não estava no radar de estudos da missão de 2023 como as demais, é praticamente do mesmo tamanho da nossa Lua.  A JUICE está a caminho do sistema joviano, ou seja, Júpiter e suas luas, mas ainda se encontra na vizinhança da Terra. Ela deve se aproximar de novo de nós para pegar embalo com a gravidade do nosso planeta, que vai estilingar a sonda para o sistema solar externo. A JUICE deve chegar aos arredores de Júpiter em julho de 2031. Outra sonda, a Europa Clipper, da NASA, foi lançada em outubro de 2024 para investigar, como o nome sugere, a lua Europa, a mais interessante das luas de Júpiter. A estilingada da Europa Clipper, ao passar perto da Terra, vai acontecer um pouco depois da passagem da JUICE – vai ser em dezembro de 2026, mas a Clipper deve chegar antes à vizinhança de Júpiter, em abril de 2030. A Clipper vai orbitar Júpiter e passar bem pertinho da superfície de Europa umas 50 vezes. Além das duas missões ocidentais, a China está planejando lançar uma sonda em 2029 para chegar a Júpiter em 2035 e explorar as luas Calisto e Ganimedes. Por que tanto interesse nessas grandes luas de Júpiter? Como eu já indiquei no começo do episódio, existem muitos indícios e evidências indiretas de que Europa, Calisto e Ganimedes têm enormes oceanos debaixo de uma espessa superfície gelada. A estimativa é de que cada uma dessas três luas tenha corpos de água líquida maiores do que todos os oceanos terrestres. Conversei sobre isso com o Douglas Galante, professor do Instituto de Geociências da USP e um dos pioneiros da astrobiologia no Brasil – ele é vice-coordenador do AstroLab, da USP, o primeiro laboratório dedicado à pesquisa em astrobiologia no país, fundado em 2011 por Douglas, pelo químico Fabio Rodrigues, atual coordenador do laboratório, e pelo Ivan Paulino-Lima, que hoje é pesquisador na NASA. Douglas: Uma coisa sempre interessante quando a gente pensa nessas luas geladas que eu sempre falo é que a gente adora falar que a Terra é o planeta água, algo que ficou popularizado, e a gente esquece de pensar que nessas luas de Júpiter e Saturno a gente tem mais água do que aqui na Terra. É em cada uma delas. Então a gente é muito presunçoso. Europa, os modelos mostram que ela pode ter um oceano de 100 quilômetros de profundidade. A gente não consegue imaginar o que são 100 quilômetros. O ponto mais profundo aqui na Terra, da Fossa das Marinas, são 11 quilômetros. Imagina 10 vezes mais. Danilo: Ganimedes, a maior lua de todo o sistema solar, deve ter um oceano seis vezes maior do que todos os oceanos da Terra combinados. Mas esses enormes corpos de água líquida não estão na superfície das luas, e sim debaixo de superfícies congeladas que podem chegar a centenas de quilômetros de espessura. Júpiter está cinco vezes mais distante do Sol do que a Terra, e o frio a essa distância do Sol impossibilita a existência de água líquida na superfície das luas. O Douglas chamou a atenção para o fato de que essas luas estendem possível habitabilidade para além da região em que a Terra orbita, mais próxima do Sol e que permite água líquida na superfície. Douglas: Mas o que eu acho super interessante, que eu sempre coloco, é que as luas dão um indicativo de habitabilidade que é maior do que a gente conhecia. Quando a gente olha os conceitos de habitabilidade tradicionais, que definem a zona de habitabilidade estelar, que é a presença de água líquida na superfície, as luas são ambientes crípticos que obtêm energia para manutenção da água líquida a partir da interação gravitacional com seus planetas hospedeiros. Danilo: Ok, mas se a superfície é gelada demais para ter água líquida, como esses oceanos podem existir? A explicação é a seguinte: o decaimento radioativo dos elementos que formam o núcleo das luas gera calor considerável de forma mais ou menos constante, parecido com o que acontece com o núcleo da Terra. Mas isso é só parte da explicação. Entra, então, o chamado “aquecimento de maré”. Conforme a lua se desloca na órbita do planeta gigante, a atração gravitacional do planeta não é uniforme: como a órbita não é circular, mas elíptica (ou “ovalada”), as luas às vezes estão um pouco mais perto e às vezes um pouco mais longe do planeta. Isso produz um efeito de “estica e puxa” que estica e comprime a lua, e isso gera calor entre as suas camadas internas. Também entra aí o fato de que as órbitas de Ganimedes, Io e Europa estão em ressonância, ou seja, enquanto a Io completa uma volta, a Europa completa duas, e a Ganimedes, quatro, o que aumenta a excentricidade de suas órbitas (ou seja, estica um pouco a elipse). Nesse processo, a própria variação na distância entre as luas gera uma interação gravitacional que contribui para o efeito de aquecimento de maré. Além disso, a provável presença de sais nos oceanos faz com que o ponto de congelamento diminua, mantendo a água em estado líquido. A JUICE e a Europa Clipper serão importantes para entender melhor as superfícies das luas e colher dados indiretos que indiquem algumas características desses oceanos, incluindo informações sobre se eles oferecem condições habitáveis para a vida como a conhecemos. Água líquida é uma das condições necessárias. Mas como os cientistas vão fazer para saber o que mais pode haver nesses oceanos?  [Música] Danilo: Para entender como os cientistas vão fazer para saber mais sobre as luas geladas, eu conversei com a Rosaly Lopes, que é diretora de ciências planetárias do JPL, o Laboratório de Propulsão a Jato da NASA. Ela teve atuação importante na missão Galileo, que explorou as luas de Júpiter entre 1995 e 2003.  Rosaly: Eu trabalhei na missão Galileo e a missão Galileo foi que descobriu que a Ganimedes e a Europa tinham oceanos de água líquida debaixo de uma crosta de gelo, principalmente Europa. Aí o pessoal fica muito entusiasmado porque Europa, nós sabemos que tem calor no interior, tem sinais de criovulcanismo, criovulcanismo é o vulcanismo que traz essa água líquida do interior para a superfície. E são três coisas essenciais para existir vida, vida como a nossa: água, energia, como calor, como vulcanismo, e material orgânico. Nós não sabemos muito sobre o material orgânico em Europa. Sabemos mais em Encélado e Titã, por exemplo. Eu também trabalhei na missão Cassini. Mas a missão que está indo agora para a Europa vai estudar justamente os depósitos da superfície para ver se é material orgânico ou não. Danilo: Encélado e Titã são luas de Saturno, e a Cassini foi a missão da NASA que explorou o sistema saturniano entre 2004 e 2017. Vamos falar delas daqui a pouco. Por ora, o que a Rosaly falou sobre possível criovulcanismo (ou vulcanismo gelado) em Europa é importante porque pode ser um dos mecanismos pelos quais parte do oceano do interior poderia ser expelida em enormes plumas de vapor de água e gelo. Não é algo completamente diferente de vulcões expelindo o magma do manto terrestre para a superfície. A Europa Clipper carrega instrumentos capazes de fazer medições que vão ser usadas para distinguir se essas plumas contêm material vindo do oceano profundo ou de pequenos reservatórios mais próximos da superfície. As pistas de criovulcanismo na superfície incluem anomalias de temperatura em determinadas regiões – mais quentes do que o esperado – além da presença de características que lembram fluxos de erupções ou de derretimento de geleiras aqui na Terra. Aliás, junto com a ausência de crateras de impacto de grande porte, isso indica que a superfície de Europa é jovem, devendo ter entre 50 e 100 milhões de anos. Em comparação, a superfície de Marte e da nossa Lua, formadas há bilhões de anos, tem muitas dessas grandes crateras, o que indica que a superfície não se renova. Ao examinar a superfície de Europa com a Clipper, os cientistas vão poder fazer inferências sobre seu interior. Mas a sonda não vai pousar na superfície da lua. Em vez disso, ela vai orbitar Júpiter e fazer 44 rasantes sobre Europa.  Douglas: Na verdade, ela não vai nem orbitar a Lua, ela vai ficar fazendo flybys em volta da Lua, vai fazer rasantes na Lua, e quando ela faz esses rasantes, ela faz uma série de imagens de alta resolução, faz medidas espectroscópicas para medir a composição, mas ela não vai, de fato, acessar diretamente o potencial oceano líquido que existe ali debaixo. E daí todo mundo pergunta, mas porque a gente não simplesmente pousa na superfície da Lua, faz um furo, mede a água e vê o que tem ali e pega um atum europeano, sei lá. Então isso é uma coisa complicada, porque o oceano de Europa tem 100 km de profundidade. A crosta, a gente fala que é uma crosta fina, mas fina, de 10 km de espessura. A gente tem que lembrar que as calotas polares aqui no nosso planeta têm de 4 a 4,5 quilômetros de profundidade.  Danilo: Pesquisadores estão explorando a potencial habitabilidade de oceanos de subsuperfície das luas analisando os seres vivos encontrados em condições muito adversas, extremas. A Amanda Bendia é professora do Instituto Oceanográfico da USP e coordenadora do ExtreMar, o Laboratório de Extremófilos Marinhos do instituto. Extremófilos são microrganismos capazes de viver em condições extremas e a Amanda é especialista em extremófilos marinhos de ilhas vulcânicas da Antártida. Lá existem fumarolas submarinas habitadas por micróbios adaptados a um ambiente com variação extrema de temperatura. Ela destaca o problema de conceber como microrganismos poderiam se adaptar às pressões muito altas que o oceano de Europa deve ter.  Amanda: Aqui na Terra, falando de extremófilos, a gente já encontrou vida nos mais extremos possíveis, desde a profundidade máxima do oceano até a mais alta atmosfera. Só que a profundidade máxima do nosso oceano é perto de 11 quilômetros, que fica naquela região das fossas marianas. Em Europa, é estimado que o ponto mais fundo seja ali perto de 100 quilômetros, então é 10 vezes quase mais profundo do que a nossa maior profundidade. Então, é um desafio a gente tentar entender como uma forma de vida ali poderia sobreviver a uma alta pressão como essa. Danilo: A Maria Eduarda Nascimento é doutoranda orientada pela Amanda, também no Instituto Oceanográfico da USP. A pesquisa dela envolve criar modelos computacionais para entender como possíveis comunidades de microrganismos poderiam subsistir no interior de oceanos de subsuperfície de luas geladas por meio de quimiolitoautotrofia – que é um nome sofisticado para descrever como alguns micróbios aqui na Terra se alimentam de compostos inorgânicos – como minerais e rochas – sem precisar de oxigênio e da luz do Sol. Os oceanos das luas geladas podem estar em contato com um interior quente e isso, dependendo dos elementos e compostos disponíveis, pode sustentar vida microbiana quimiolitoautotrófica. A gente vai falar disso daqui a pouco, porque a Maria também conversou comigo sobre alguns dos instrumentos da Europa Clipper. Maria: Ela tem o REASON, que é um radar para ver o quão grande é essa crosta de gelo e a estrutura. Ele tem um magnetômetro que é pela deformação no campo magnético que a gente sabe que tem um oceano, que a água salgada do mar acaba mexendo nesse campo eletromagnético, que a gente sabe que os elétrons da água salgada criam essa deformação no campo. Então a gente tem esse, que daí vai dizer quanto profundo é, vai dizer quão realmente muito profundo é. Qual é a salinidade? Vai ter um espectrômetro de massa também na Europa Clipper, então vai analisar esses gases na atmosfera por espectrometria. Danilo: A Clipper não vai ter como procurar diretamente por sinais de vida, buscando bioassinaturas, mas vai ser capaz de colher dados que vão poder indicar se o oceano é habitável ou não. Morando há décadas nos Estados Unidos, a Rosaly fala das bioassinaturas no inglês, biosignatures. Ela também falou sobre alguns dos instrumentos da Europa Clipper. Rosaly: Tem um que nós chamamos MASPEX, que é um espectrômetro de massa. Ele vai poder analisar gases perto de Europa. Se tiver pluma trazendo material do interior, isso vai ser uma beleza. Se não tiver pluma, aí depende de quanto material deve ter saído do interior. Também tem um Surface Dust Analyzer, que pode analisar partículas de poeira, dust é poeira. E existem sempre em todos os planetas e luas pequenos impactos de micrometeoritos e que estão colocando para fora partículas da superfície de Europa. Então, esse instrumento vai analisar a composição dessas partículas. E também, se tiver pluma no interior, colocando material para a superfície, também esse instrumento vai ser muito importante.  Nós vamos saber, por exemplo, mais sobre a espessura da crosta de gelo, se tem plumas trazendo material do interior para a superfície, se tem depósitos dentro da crosta de gelo que são, digamos, líquidos, que em vez de estar abaixo no oceano, estão mais perto da superfície. Está saindo algum material e nós sabemos que tem composição e cor diferente em umas regiões que chamam de Chaos Terrains, regiões caóticas, onde mais material veio do interior. E poder analisar a composição desse material, se tem material orgânico ou não. Então, [a sonda] vai também nos dizer muito mais sobre a lua Europa. Mas não é uma missão para detectar a vida, nem biosignature. Danilo: Diferentemente da Clipper, a JUICE (lançada pela ESA, a agência espacial europeia) não vai prospectar somente Europa, mas também Ganimedes e Calisto. Na verdade, o foco principal da missão da agência espacial europeia é a maior lua de todo o sistema solar, Ganimedes, a única que tem campo magnético próprio. A sonda vai orbitar essa grande lua, mirando entender sua estrutura interna, buscando mais informações sobre a extensão de sua crosta gelada, o volume de seu oceano, e caracterizar seu campo magnético. A sonda também vai fazer rasantes sobre Europa e Calisto para identificar locais mais interessantes para o pouso de futuras missões. O objetivo declarado da missão é entender as condições de habitabilidade oferecidas pelas três luas jovianas. Mas, claro, as luas de Júpiter não são as únicas que interessam para a astrobiologia. [Música] Danilo: Orbitando Saturno estão dois mundos que vêm chamando a atenção dos pesquisadores interessados na busca por vida fora da Terra há décadas: Titã e Encélado. Titã é a maior lua de Saturno – no sistema solar, ela só é menor do que a Ganimedes. Vamos falar de Titã daqui a pouco. Encélado é uma lua pequena – ela ainda tem tamanho mais do que suficiente para, com a própria gravidade, ter se tornado um objeto redondo, mas tem 15% do diâmetro da nossa Lua. A superfície dela, congelada, quase inteiramente branca com detalhes azulados, foi observada de perto pela primeira vez em 1980 e 81 quando as sondas Voyager visitaram o sistema saturniano. Se já era intrigante, Encélado se tornou um dos objetos mais interessantes do sistema solar com os indícios de que ela, também, possui um oceano de subsuperfície. A sonda Cassini, que começou a explorar o sistema de Saturno em 2004, observou Encélado ejetando plumas de materiais que devem compor esse oceano. Em três oportunidades, em 2008, 2012 e 2015, a Cassini deu rasantes – a uns 50 quilômetros de distância da superfície de Encélado – passando pelas plumas para analisar o que tinha ali. A Rosaly, que trabalhou na missão, falou um pouco sobre os achados. Rosaly: Encélado, o que é muito interessante é que esse líquido está em contato direto com o interior, a crosta do interior, porque foram detectados sais na pluma. Então, quer dizer que esse material está vindo direto do oceano. E nós sabemos que o oceano está em contato com o interior, que tem material orgânico também, sílica. Então, esse material está vindo direto do oceano até a superfície e você pode, digamos, colher esse material, voar pela pluma e colher o material.  Danilo: Com a Cassini, descobrimos indícios de que o oceano de Encélado tem materiais orgânicos e os seis elementos químicos essenciais para a vida: carbono, hidrogênio, oxigênio, nitrogênio, fósforo e enxofre. Eu também pedi para a Amanda explorar um pouco mais o que sabemos do oceano de Encélado a partir das plumas. Ela vai mencionar algo muito importante: as fontes hidrotermais.  Amanda: lá em Encélado é legal que tem umas plumas que são ejetadas em direção à superfície. E aí a Cassini passou de rasante nessas plumas que ficam geralmente ali no Polo Sul, de Encélado, e detectaram partículas de sílica. Esse tipo de partícula só poderia ser formado em temperaturas altas. Então, eles começaram aí uma discussão de que teriam fontes hidrotermais no fundo do oceano de Encélado. Isso é muito entusiasmante, porque a vida aqui na Terra, uma das grandes hipóteses, que é uma das mais aceitas pela comunidade científica, é que a vida teria se originado em fontes hidrotermais do oceano primitivo da Terra. Porque tem todos esses componentes químicos que geram um gradiente químico. A vida poderia obter energia, produzir energia a partir desse gradiente. Danilo: Até a década de 1970 ninguém sabia da existência das fontes hidrotermais no fundo dos oceanos terrestres. A crosta terrestre tem fissuras. Quando essas fissuras estão no assoalho oceânico, a água entra em contato com o magma próximo, o que gera verdadeiras chaminés, fumarolas. Nessas fontes, na escuridão do fundo oceânico, ecossistemas inteiros existem graças a microrganismos que conseguem produzir sua própria matéria orgânica a partir de substâncias inorgânicas, como compostos de enxofre, nitrogênio e ferro. A Amanda e a Maria falaram um pouco deles. Amanda: Tem não só micro-organismos bem específicos desses ambientes, mas até animais associados, porque os microrganismos sustentam a vida nesses locais, porque eles fazem um tipo de metabolismo que chama quimiossíntese. Que é um tipo de metabolismo que a gente tem todas as evidências de que era o metabolismo das primeiras formas de vida que existiram aqui. Eles conseguem obter energia a partir desses compostos químicos à base de enxofre, por exemplo. E aí, a partir dessa energia, eles conseguem fixar o CO2, que nem as plantas fazem a partir da luz. Fixam CO2 para produzir as moléculas orgânicas, eles conseguem, a partir da energia dessas rochas, desses compostos inorgânicos, fixar esse carbono e produzir, sintetizar essas moléculas orgânicas, então são produtores primários do fundo do oceano que sustentam a vida nesse oceano profundo. Então essas fontes hidrotermais são como se fossem oásis para essa vida de ambiente extremo em mar profundo. Maria: Eles estão lá respirando nitrogênio, respirando ferro, outros elementos. Então eles demonstram que essas similaridades, considerando o tempo também, por exemplo, Enceladus acredita que esse oceano esteja mais ou menos presente há um bilhão de anos, é tempo para a vida conseguir se adaptar a esse ambiente. Então, é plausível imaginar que se a gente tem um substrato quimiossintético, como por exemplo para a nossa vida aqui nas fontes hidrotermais, é plausível a gente imaginar que nesses outros mundos, onde existem essas condições alienígenas parecidas com o que a gente tem aqui, também exista vida.  Danilo: Além disso, o metano está entre os materiais orgânicos detectados em Encélado. Isso é mais um motivo para entusiasmo com o potencial de habitabilidade do oceano de Encélado. Amanda: Mas o legal do metano é que eles viram que provavelmente naquela camada fria de gelo tem clatrato de metano nas fissuras. Porque tem vários modelos que mostram a formação desse tipo de clatrato de metano, que são moléculas de metano que em volta tem moléculas de água congeladas, resumindo. E aqui na Terra a gente tem condições de oceano profundo e de subsuperfície pela alta pressão. Em temperatura baixa, a gente também tem hidrato de metano, que é abundante em algumas regiões de mar profundo, em subsuperfície. E aí, aqui na Terra, a gente tem nessas regiões de subsuperfície, eventualmente esse clatrato de metano pode vir mais em direção à superfície e exsudar esse metano. E a gente tem uma rica diversidade de arqueias que conseguem utilizar esse metano, arqueias e bactérias também, mas a gente vê que tem especificamente arqueias que conseguem metabolizar esse metano, consumir esse metano, são chamadas de metanotróficas. E aí é um grupo que hoje a gente já sabe que está espalhado na Terra, em todas as regiões de exsudação de metano, e que é muito adaptado a conseguir… Utilizar esse metano para obter energia nesses ambientes. Então a gente sabe que o metano também é um indicativo superlegal como uma fonte de energia para um possível metabolismo metanotrófico. [Música] Danilo: Eu não consigo decidir qual dessas luas é a mais interessante, mas eu sei que primeira a ter despertado minha curiosidade desde que li o livro Pálido Ponto Azul, do astrônomo Carl Sagan, é Titã. Então, vamos, finalmente, falar dela, a maior lua de Saturno. Titã foi observada pela primeira vez pelo astrônomo holandês Christian Huygens, com um telescópio que ele mesmo projetou, em 1655. Essa, que é a segunda maior lua do sistema solar, tem uma característica muito peculiar: Titã tem uma atmosfera muito espessa, e é tão densa que a pressão atmosférica em sua superfície é 50% maior do que a da Terra. Quando a sonda Voyager 1 passou pelo sistema saturniano em 1980, pela primeira vez os seres humanos puderam ver que a atmosfera de Titã oculta a superfície no espectro da luz visível. A Voyager também conseguiu caracterizar a atmosfera, composta principalmente de nitrogênio, com traços de metano e a presença de algo que vem semeando a imaginação de muita gente: moléculas orgânicas complexas. A sonda Cassini levou consigo um módulo nomeado em homenagem ao Christian Huygens. Quando a Cassini chegou perto de Titã, ela soltou a Huygens em direção à lua. Em janeiro de 2005, a Huygens desceu pela atmosfera muito densa de Titã, abriu um paraquedas e pousou. Por pouco mais de uma hora, a Huygens conseguiu fazer imagens da superfície, confirmando uma suspeita antiga dos astrônomos: como a Terra, Titã tem líquido estável na superfície. Mas não é água. Com temperatura média por volta de 180 graus Celsius negativos, a superfície de Titã tem lagos de hidrocarbonetos, ou seja, matéria orgânica. São lagos de metano e etano em estado líquido. Chove metano em Titã. Como? O Douglas explica. Douglas: Nessas temperaturas, o etano e o metano que fazem a atmosfera já conseguem ser condensados. Todo mundo já viu aqui um botijão de cozinha, de butano, butano propano, que dentro do botijão o gás está líquido. Você abre a torneirinha ali, a mangueira, sai líquido. E ele prontamente, quando chega na atmosfera, ele expande e forma gás. Então, quando você comprime gases, eles podem condensar e se tornar líquidos. Eles mudam de fase. A mesma coisa acontece lá. Com a alta pressão lá, a pressão é duas vezes a pressão aqui da Terra. E baixa temperatura, eles condensam, formam líquido. Então, ela tem oceanos, rios, lagos de metano e etano. E lentamente esse metano e etano vão evaporando, indo para a atmosfera. Na alta atmosfera eles se condensam de novo e formam nuvens. E essas nuvens podem chover ou nevar metano e etano. Então você tem um ciclo hidrológico, metanológico, completo de ciclagem de metano e etano na superfície.  Danilo: Quando esse material orgânico abundante em Titã interage com a radiação ultravioleta do Sol, ela forma polímeros orgânicos – moléculas compostas de cadeias muito extensas de carbono e hidrogênio. O Sagan deu o nome de tolinas para essas macromoléculas orgânicas muito abundantes em Titã. Douglas: Além disso, tem essas tolinas que formam hidrocarbonetos mais complexos. Por isso que normalmente o próprio [Carl] Sagan dizia isso: Titã pode não ser o melhor lugar para a vida como a gente conhece, mas pode existir alguma coisa de vida como a gente não conhece. Acima de tudo ela é um excelente laboratório de química prebiótica, porque você tem esse monte de moléculas orgânicas se formando, se complexificando e interagindo que pode dar os primeiros passos. Então grande parte das missões para ir para Titã ou para estudar Titã estão relacionadas com essa parte de química prebiótica. Esse é o principal argumento. Mas a própria missão que talvez vá em 2028, a Dragonfly, ela tem a proposta de procurar as duas coisas, de procurar resquícios, presença de água líquida, porque existe alguma água na superfície, mas normalmente na forma de gelo, ela vai buscar esse gelo e buscar por eventuais sinais de vida como a gente conhece, vida baseada em célula, coisas que a gente conhece. Danilo: A Dragonfly é uma missão da NASA em fase final de preparação. É uma espécie de drone do tamanho de um carro pequeno que vai explorar Titã. Deve até mesmo ser capaz de fazer pequenos voos pela atmosfera da lua. O lançamento da Dragonfly está previsto para julho de 2028 e a ela deve chegar em Titã em 2034. O que ela poderia encontrar lá, que seja de interesse astrobiológico? Será que Titã não poderia ter algum tipo de vida muito diferente da terrestre, com um maquinário bioquímico diferente? Douglas: A gente não conhece nada aqui na Terra que viva e que tenha metabolismo nessas temperaturas baixas, mas é cogitado. A Dragonfly também vai procurar por indícios de vida como a gente não conhece, algum desequilíbrio químico, alguma bioassinatura termodinâmica que possa indicar algum tipo de vida como a gente não conhece.  Danilo: Procurar pelo tipo de vida que a gente conhece, a terrestre, já é um desafio – se é que algo do tipo da vida terrestre existe fora da Terra. Um desafio ainda maior é procurar por vida como a gente não conhece. Tem muita coisa que a gente não sabe sobre a própria vida terrestre – como ela surgiu, por exemplo. Mas isso é o que sabemos que não sabemos – em outras palavras: é o desconhecido conhecido. Quando falamos em vida como não conhecemos, deve haver um espaço ainda maior de possibilidades que ignoramos e que nem sequer conseguimos conceber. É uma forma de ignorância dupla: nem sequer sabemos o que não sabemos. No próximo episódio, vamos voltar para a nossa vizinhança do sistema solar e olhar para um planeta gêmeo da Terra: Vênus. Ambos têm praticamente o mesmo tamanho, mas Vênus é um verdadeiro inferno, com uma superfície quente a ponto de derreter chumbo. Seria possível haver qualquer coisa viva lá? Na superfície, muito provavelmente não. Mas nas nuvens mais altas, a temperatura é bem mais amena. Em 2020, cientistas alegaram ter detectado fosfina, que aqui na Terra é produzida por seres vivos, uma possível bioassinatura nas nuvens altas de Vênus. Isso reacendeu o interesse astrobiológico no nosso vizinho infernal e novas missões estão em desenvolvimento para explorar a atmosfera ultradensa de Vênus. A pesquisa, o roteiro, a produção e a narração foram feitas por mim, Danilo Albergaria. A revisão do episódio foi da Simone Pallone, coordenadora do Oxigênio. A edição de áudio é do Guilherme Lopes, aluno do curso de Midialogia e estagiário da Coordenadoria de Centros e Núcleos Interdisciplinares de Pesquisa, a Cocen. As vinhetas do Oxigênio foram criadas por Elias Mendez. Este podcast foi produzido com apoio da Fapesp, por meio da bolsa Mídia Ciência, para divulgação do projeto Pontes interdisciplinares para a compreensão da vida no Universo: o Núcleo de Apoio à Pesquisa e Inovação em Astrobiologia e o Laboratório de Astrobiologia da USP. Você encontra a gente no site oxigenio.comciencia.br, no Instagram e no Facebook, basta procurar por Oxigênio Podcast. Se gostou deste episódio, indique para seus amigos e amigas. [VINHETA DE ENCERRAMENTO]    

Do intelligent, extraterrestrial aliens exist? How might evolution explain their existence? Or can it? Here on this week's Apologetics Profile, we discuss intelligent design and the evolutionary assumptions behind the possible existence of ETs with Kristin Marais and Casey Luskin of Discovery Institute. Casey Luskin is a scientist and an attorney with graduate degrees in science and law, giving him expertise in both the scientific and legal dimensions of the debate over evolution. He holds a PhD in Geology from the University of Johannesburg He earned a law degree from the University of San Diego. His B.S. and M.S. degrees in Earth Sciences are from the University of California, San Diego. Dr. Luskin has been a California-licensed attorney since 2005, practicing primarily in the area of evolution-education in public schools and defending academic freedom for scientists who face discrimination because of their support for intelligent design (ID). https://www.discovery.org/p/luskin/Kristin Marais has roughly 15 years of educational experience spanning the traditional building classroom, online classroom, curriculum development, and tutoring. She graduated from the University of California Riverside with a BS in biochemistry and then completed a MS in Teaching through Western Washington University. Kristin is a Washington state certified teacher with endorsements in chemistry, biology, and general science. https://discoveryinstitute.academy/chemistry/Featured Audio ClipsCarl SaganRichard DawkinsUS News LiveBob SalasStephen C. Meyer Resources on Aliens, UFOs and UAPs from Watchman FellowshipUFOs and UAPsRaeliansHeaven's GateDisclosure DayThe Urantia BookPodcast Episodes on UFOs, Aliens, and Extraterrestrials UFOS and AliensUfologist Gary Bates Part OneUfologist Gary Bates Part Two Ancient Aliens? No. Daniel's interview with Sasha Sagan, the daughter of the late planetary astronomer Carl SaganSUPPORT: Help us create more content like this. Make a tax-deductible donation here: www.watchman.org/GiveApologetics Profile is a ministry of Watchman Fellowship For more information, visit www.watchman.org © 2026 Watchman Fellowship, Inc.

Agradece a este podcast tantas horas de entretenimiento y disfruta de episodios exclusivos como éste. ¡Apóyale en iVoox! En esta entrega de Universo de Misterios, analizamos el origen real de la famosa paradoja de Fermi, diseccionando cómo una pregunta casual durante un almuerzo en Los Álamos se transformó en un mito científico sobre la inexistencia de vida extraterrestre. Exploramos los argumentos de Michael Hart y Frank Tipler sobre la colonización galáctica, contrastándolos con las refutaciones de Carl Sagan y William Newman. Un recorrido por la astrobiología y las hipótesis, como la del bosque oscuro, que intentan explicar por qué el cosmos permanece en absoluto silencio. Aunque a algunas personas, a veces, puede proporcionar una falsa sensación de alivio, la ignorancia nunca es deseable. Pero eso, tú ya lo sabes... 441MACRAW Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals

In the final installment of your Cosmos series, Tony sits down with Mitchell Cannold and Brannon Braga, the executive producers who helped shape Cosmos: A SpaceTime Odyssey and Cosmos: Possible Worlds. This episode explores how they preserved the spirit of Carl Sagan while reinventing Cosmos for a new generation — visually, narratively, and philosophically. SAVE 17% ON PLUS WITH A CLICK

Same sky, opposite conclusions. Carl Sagan looked at the vastness of space and called us "a mote of dust." Three thousand years earlier, David looked up at that same sky and wrote the most dignifying words ever penned about humanity: "What is man that You are mindful of him?"In this opening message of our Summer in the Psalms series, we journey from the size of the heavens to the worth of your soul—and finally to the face of Jesus Christ. If your view of God has shrunk, if shame keeps telling you you're nothing, or if you've never said yes to the King who climbed down to find you, this one's for you.Look up. Look in. Look to Christ.

Stewart Alsop hosts a conversation with Oliver Polzin, a founding team member of Meow Wolf and naturalist, exploring the intersection of creativity, conservation, and architecture. Oliver discusses his current postgraduate work at SCI-Arc in Los Angeles studying synthetic landscapes through an architectural lens, his deep fascination with Pleistocene megafauna and the La Brea Tar Pits, and his vision for creating a "biophilic culture" that reframes humanity's relationship with other species and ecosystems. The discussion ranges from Oliver's early work building mud caves at Meow Wolf to his current explorations of AI-assisted design tools, 3D printing with recycled materials, holistic grazing management systems for the Great Plains, and the ancient Amazonian practice of creating terra preta soil—all part of his broader investigation into how we can design interventions for climate and conservation issues while maintaining what makes us fundamentally human.Timestamps00:00 Stewart introduces Oliver Polzin from Meow Wolf's founding team and discusses how his yoga teaching there inspired the podcast's exploration of creativity and stress relationships.05:00 Oliver describes his architecture graduate program studying climate and conservation through synthetic landscapes, contrasting dark green naturalist ecology with bright green capitalist environmentalism.10:00 Discussion of conservation ethics and AI's potential for monitoring environmental systems, with Oliver explaining his journey from painting to experimental mud construction at early Meow Wolf.15:00 Stewart shares his robotics learning journey with ESP32s in Buenos Aires while Oliver questions humanoid robot design, suggesting functional form factors matter more than human resemblance.20:00 Oliver explores cardboard as material obsession and explains treasure hunt mechanics in Meow Wolf exhibits, creating dopamine-driven discovery experiences through layered storytelling.25:00 Stewart describes creating treasure hunts for Spanish learners in Buenos Aires parks while Oliver validates experiential art's growing importance in an increasingly digital culture.30:00 Conversation shifts to three-d printing flexible filaments for architectural models and Oliver's megafauna book project about La Brea Tar Pits Pleistocene fossils.35:00 Oliver connects Earth consciousness to Pale Blue Dot perspective, arguing humans face developmental threshold understanding planetary responsibility after 300,000 years as anatomically modern species.40:00 Deep dive into end-Pleistocene extinction events and megafauna loss, discussing two-ton capybaras and how predator relationships shaped human psychology and anxiety responses.45:00 Oliver presents speculative Great Plains biopreserve concept with de-extinct megafauna, contrasting holistic rotational grazing with destructive monoculture agriculture systems.50:00 Discussion concludes with Amazonian dark earth technology and indigenous landscape management, emphasizing need for biophilic culture embracing deep time ecological perspective.Key Insights1. Oliver Polzin is part of the founding team of Meow Wolf and is currently studying at SCI-Arc in Downtown LA in a postgraduate program called Synthetic Landscapes, which examines global scale climate and conservation issues through an architectural lens. Architecture exists between art and science, and he believes architectural thinking offers a valuable framework for designing interventions for climate and conservation challenges. This program represents a significant evolution from his earlier work at Meow Wolf, where he created immersive experiential art installations using materials like adobe and cardboard.2. There is an important distinction in ecological thought between what Paul Kingsnorth calls dark green and light green approaches to environmentalism. The dark green strain represents the older naturalist movement from the early twentieth century, focusing on biological systems, ecosystems, and endangered species. Light green emerged in the 1970s after the Earth Day movement and centers on clean energy, solar panels, and wind power as a way to maintain our current lifestyle. Oliver argues that the bright green approach represents a capitalist overlay that has captured the conservation movement, whereas true conservation requires focusing on actual biological systems rather than just technological solutions.3. The experiential art form that Meow Wolf pioneered still has enormous untapped potential, particularly as society becomes increasingly digital. Oliver believes there will be a huge wave of experiential desire in this decade as people crave human connection and real-world excitement. The treasure hunt and scavenger hunt format represents a compelling form of real-life RPG that creates meaningful human interactions. This type of experience design, which Meow Wolf developed through installations like the House of Eternal Return, plays with human dopamine systems by compelling people to open doors, explore spaces, and follow narrative threads through physical environments.4. The architectural model or dollhouse concept represents a crucial rhetorical tool that Oliver is learning to apply to climate and conservation work. Architects have long created physical models to show stakeholders what a building will be like, and this practice of showing a story in compelling ways for different types of brains is essential for getting traction on projects. While architectural models used to be made from foam core, paper, and balsa wood, they are now largely created through 3D printing, which allows for incredibly complex forms and interlocking structures that would have been impossible to construct manually.5. Oliver is obsessed with megafauna and the end Pleistocene extinction event that occurred roughly twelve thousand years ago. For three hundred thousand years, anatomically modern humans existed alongside massive beasts like short faced bears and American lions, and we were the smaller creatures in the ecosystem. The extinction of over one hundred genera of animals over ninety nine pounds, combined with sea level rise of nearly four hundred feet, fundamentally changed human existence and led to the development of agriculture and civilization. Much of our current psychological development, including anxiety responses, is still based on this time period when we lived among these massive animals.6. The current food system in the Great Plains is fundamentally broken compared to the historical managed food system maintained by Plains tribes, who sustained thirty to sixty million bison through 1800. Oliver explored a speculative project about turning the Great Plains into a massive biopreserve of de-extinct megafauna, contrasting the natural system of rotational grazing where predators keep herds moving with the current monoculture crop agriculture that requires external inputs like fertilizer, pesticides, and herbicides. The natural system builds soil and increases fecundity, while industrial agriculture degrades soil, creates toxic runoff, and produces genetically modified crops that feed animals in toxic concentrated feeding operations.7. The fundamental challenge facing humanity now is creating what Oliver calls a biophilic or ecophilic culture that is loving of other species and our home planet. This requires both psychological shifts and changes in how we design systems at all scales. The Amazon provides a powerful example of this, as recent LiDAR mapping has revealed that what appeared to be pristine wilderness was actually a vast tended garden created by indigenous civilizations who developed technologies like Amazonian dark earth through burning middens with various additives. These cultures understood how to be embedded in a web with other species while playing an important orchestrating role, offering a model for how humans might relate to other forms of life in our current era.

Saludos, tripulación de Historias para ser leídas. Bienvenidos a bordo. 🚀💫 Hace tres años iniciamos una misión que quedó fragmentada en el tiempo. Hoy, he unificado las transmisiones. He recopilado todas las bitácoras pasadas para ofreceros el viaje completo, mejor calidad y sin interrupciones rumbo al corazón mismo de la gravedad. 🚀👨‍🚀 Imagina que tú eres el propietario y capitán de una gran nave espacial, con ordenadores, robots y una tripulación de cientos de personas a tus órdenes. La Sociedad Geográfica Mundial te ha asignado la misión de explorar los agujeros negros en regiones lejanas del espacio interestelar y transmitir por radio a la Tierra una descripción de sus experiencias. Tras seis años de viaje, tu nave está decelerando en la vecindad del agujero negro más próximo a la Tierra: un agujero llamado «Hades» cercano a la estrella Vega. En la video pantalla de tu nave, la tripulación y tú observáis manifestaciones de la presencia del agujero: los escasísimos átomos de gas en el espacio interestelar, aproximadamente uno por centímetro cúbico, son atraídos por la gravedad del agujero negro. Las únicas singularidades representadas en las cartas de viaje de su nave son las que están dentro de los agujeros negros, y usted se niega a pagar el precio de la muerte para explorarlas. Pero atención, capitán. El espacio es impredecible y el destino de esta tripulación no está escrito. Al final de este trayecto, la realidad se bifurcará. Os enfrentaréis a una decisión crucial en los límites del horizonte de sucesos: Tendréis que elegir entre dos transmisiones finales que se incluyen en este mismo audio. 🔴OPCION 1 🚀 ✅OPCION 2 🚀 Dos caminos. Dos desenlaces posibles. Dos destinos para un mismo misterio cósmico. Encended los motores de curvatura ¡Comenzamos el viaje! 🚀💫 Thorne comienza llevándonos a un viaje por los agujeros negros y, desde allí, nos hace seguir el descubrimiento de las nuevas concepciones, desde Einstein hasta nuestros días, en una especie de relato histórico sazonado de anécdotas vividas, a lo largo del cual vamos aprendiendo los conceptos básicos, hasta llegar al punto en que agujeros de gusano y máquinas del tiempo nos parecen posibilidades lógicas y comprensibles. Stephen Hawking calificó esta historia como «un relato fascinante», y dijo: todos cuantos aman los misterios científicos disfrutarán con él. Comenzamos el viaje....! Este relato ha sido escrito por Kip Stephen Thorne (Logan, Utah, 1940), físico teórico estadounidense, conocido por sus contribuciones prolíficas en física, astrofísica y gravitación. Gran amigo y colega de Stephen Hawking y Carl Sagan, ocupó la cátedra «Profesor Feynman» de Física Teórica en el Instituto de Tecnología de California hasta el año 2009, y es uno de los mayores expertos sobre las implicaciones astrofísicas de la teoría general de la relatividad de Einstein. Ha escrito y editado libros sobre temas de teoría de la gravedad y astrofísica de alta energía. En 1973, fue coautor del libro de texto clásico Gravitation , con Charles Misner y John Wheeler, del que la mayor parte de la actual generación de científicos han aprendido la teoría de la relatividad general. En 1994, publicó Agujeros negros y tiempo curvo: el escandaloso legado de Einstein , un libro de referencia para los no científicos por el que recibió numerosos premios y que ha sido publicado en seis idiomas. Su trabajo ha aparecido en revistas y enciclopedias, tales como Scientific American , McGraw-Hill Yearbook of Science and Technology y la Collier's Encyclopedia , entre muchos otros, y ha publicado más de 150 artículos en revistas especializadas. Ha presentado diversos programas de la PBS estadounidense (televisión pública) y la BBC inglesa sobre temas como los agujeros negros, las ondas gravitatorias, la relatividad, el viaje en el tiempo y los agujeros de gusano. La lista de premios, reconocimientos y honores recibidos es larga y variada: Science Writing Award in Physics and Astronomy del American Institute of Physics; Science Writing Award de la Phi Beta Kappa Society; Karl Schwarzschild Medal por la German Astronomical Society ; Robinson Prize in Cosmology por la Universidad de Newcastle; California Scientist of the Year Award por el California Science Center; Medalla Albert Einstein (2009) por la Sociedad de Albert Einstein (Berna, Suiza), etc. Una producción de Historias para ser Leídas, Voz: Olga Paraíso, música y efectos Epidemic Sound, gracias al artista Lotus (Licencia autorizada para este Podcast). Muchísimas gracias a los taberneros galácticos que apoyan este podcast, vamos rumbo a las estrellas,🌌🚀 ¿nos acompañas? Puedes apoyar mi trabajo desde el botón azul APOYAR por tan solo 1,99 € al mes. Credit Imagen Shutterstock Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals

Decía Carl Sagan que somos polvo de estrellas. Una frase poética pero literal. Esos granos diminutos generados en el espacio interestelar acabaron aglutinándose para formar asteroides, lunas y planetas. Y en última instancia, la vida, al menos como la conocemos en la Tierra. Un equipo internacional, liderado por el CSIC, ha logrado simular la formación de ese polvo en laboratorio. Hemos hablado con José Ángel Martín Gago y Gonzalo Santoro, autores del estudio. -La NASA ha presentado a los cuatros astronautas que integrarán la misión Artemis III, prevista para 2027, con la presencia por primera vez de un miembro de la ESA, el italiano Luca Parmitano. Se trata de un vuelo de prueba de unas dos semanas en órbita terrestre que pondrá a prueba la capacidad de la nave Orión para acoplarse en el espacio con versiones de los módulos de aterrizaje que desarrollan Blue Origin y SpaceX. Durante años se ha creído que el sistema de orientación de las palomas se debía a receptores lumínicos en los ojos o a partículas magnéticas en el pico, pero como nos ha contado María González Dionis, un estudio sitúa la brújula de estas aves en el hígado. Con Lluís Montoliu hemos analizado el anuncio del Comité Olímpico Internacional de que solo las mujeres biológicas podrán competir en las pruebas femeninas de las olimpiadas y el polémico método genético que se empleará en la determinación del sexo de las deportistas. Jesús Pérez Gil nos ha hablado de una nueva familia de liposomas, capaces de transportar fármacos en su interior y liberarlos mediante un pequeño aumento de la temperatura. Y en nuestra sección Mujer y ciencia, Eulalia Pérez Sedeño nos ha acercado a la biografía de María Josefa Jiménez Cisneros, pionera de la arqueología clásica gaditana. Se interesó por los espacios artesanales romanos y la epigrafía sobre ánforas y elaboró la primera carta arqueológica de Cádiz. Escuchar audio

Alberto Aparici recurrió esta semana a su ya clásica "biblioteca" para hablar de optimismo científico a través del libro Horizontes de la civilización, del astrofísico Héctor Socas. Tras un recorrido por autores fundamentales como Carl Sagan, Isaac Asimov y Arthur C. Clarke, la sección reflexionó sobre cómo recuperar la esperanza en una época dominada por las distopías y el miedo al futuro. Socas explicó que su libro aborda cuestiones como el impacto de la inteligencia artificial, la exploración espacial, la posibilidad de colonizar otros mundos y los desafíos de una sociedad cada vez más tecnológica, defendiendo la necesidad de mantener una visión optimista para afrontar los grandes retos científicos y sociales del siglo XXI.

When you hear "limited-time offer" or "doors closing Friday," how do you feel? If you're like a lot of women entrepreneurs, one of two things happens. Either you avoid these tools entirely because they feel manipulative — or you use them while holding your breath, hoping you don't come across as pushy. Here's what I want you to know: it doesn't have to feel that way. This episode is actually lesson 10 from Effortless Sales, a 12-week course I used to offer that has since evolved into The Art of Receiving. I was going through the archives with my team, and it was so clear we had to publish this one. With what's happening in sales right now — everything starting to feel a little hollow, AI making things sound the same, the pressure building — this lesson is more relevant than ever. I walk you through what scarcity tools actually are, why they work with the human brain, and the one condition that determines whether they help people or harm them. We also get into why your sales numbers are not a measure of your worth, why authenticity will always outperform a perfected pitch, and why the pressure of one launch is genuinely smaller than you think. Save this one. Come back to it before your next launch, before you rewrite sales copy, and before your next sales call.   What You'll Learn:  Why the structure of your business — not just your mindset — determines whether the next launch feels like stress or freedom What the human brain actually needs in order to make a buying decision — and why that's not manipulation The one condition that makes a scarcity tool genuinely helpful versus genuinely harmful Why small, tangible wins convert better than big promises — and how to use that in your own sales copy and conversations How to use your own authentic experience as your most powerful sales tool Why your business is your agreement with the universe — and what Carl Sagan has to do with your next launch   Ready to Build Your Business? Book a free 30-minute discovery call with me to talk about where you are in your business and see if working together feels right. Schedule here: https://app.acuityscheduling.com/schedule.php?owner=13047670&appointmentType=2244195 Free Gift from Sarah Get Sarah's Freedom Calculator and discover how much your business needs to make to finally be free. Download at https://sarahwalton.com/freedom   Resources Mentioned in This Episode Carl Sagan, Pale Blue Dot (1994) — referenced in episode   Learn from Sarah: Explore Sarah's online courses and free resources to start building your business with confidence. Online Courses: https://sarahwalton.com/online-courses Free Resources: https://sarahwalton.com/free-resources   Related Game On Girlfriend® Episodes You'll Love Episode 94: 3 Ways You're Killing Your Sales — https://sarahwalton.com/sales/ Episode 319: Why Your Business Feels Stuck (And the Limiting Beliefs Keeping You There) — https://sarahwalton.com/why-business-feels-stuck-limiting-beliefs/ Episode 263: How Your Nervous System Shapes Your Money Habits — with Stephanie Crochet — https://sarahwalton.com/nervous-system-regulation/   Connect with Sarah Website: https://sarahwalton.com/podcast YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@TheSarahWalton Instagram: https://instagram.com/thesarahwalton   About Sarah Walton Sarah Walton is a wealth consciousness coach, strategic advisor, and the host of the Game On Girlfriend® podcast. Her mission is simple: to put more money in the hands of more women. She helps women entrepreneurs build profitable, sustainable businesses without burnout — working through both the mindset and the strategy sides of growth. Because when women have more financial power, they don't just keep it — they use it to take care of their families, support their communities, and build something bigger than themselves. She's the creator of the Abundance Academy, The Art of Receiving, and the Game On Girlfriend® podcast.   Love the Show? Leave Us a Review! Thank you so much for listening. I'm honored that you're here, and I'd be grateful if you could leave a quick review on Apple Podcasts by clicking here, scrolling to the bottom, and clicking "Write a review." Your reviews help other women entrepreneurs find the show and get the support they need to build businesses they love. Thank you for being part of the Game On Girlfriend® community! (If you're not sure how to leave a review, you can watch this quick tutorial.)

What if the answers you're searching for arrived long before you knew how to understand them? In this conversation, I sit down with Kip Baldwin, a filmmaker, producer, writer, and founder of the Just Love movement. Kip shares the extraordinary awakening he experienced at age 12 and how it set him on a lifelong path of exploring consciousness, love, spirituality, and human connection. From the music industry and sustainable agriculture to television production, ethical AI, and overcoming a traumatic brain injury, Kip's journey has been anything but ordinary. As we talk, Kip reflects on why fear has become such a powerful force in society, how love can transform the way we see ourselves and others, and why he believes lasting change starts with a shift in consciousness. You will hear stories of resilience, curiosity, and purpose, along with a vision for creating a better future for generations to come. I believe you will find this conversation thought-provoking, challenging, and full of hope. Highlights: 01:45 - How a childhood acting career sparked a lifelong passion for media and communication. 07:08 - Why confidence without self-awareness can become a liability. 16:32 - Lessons from the Kellogg School of Management that still shape business decisions today. 21:58 - Why listening beats talking in business, leadership, and life. 35:08 - How strong brands grow through awareness, not just loyalty programs. 01:05:02 - The three traits Zarko looks for when mentoring future leaders. About the Guest: Kip Baldwin knows his purpose for Being is to share all that LOVE is through his many solutions driven projects; using media in all its forms to help awaken individuals, and by proxy the collective, to the LOVE Paradigm emerging. He feels that in order for a new chapter of our story to be conceived for humanity, a mass imagining of our limitless potential is what is needed to bring about an age of compassion, empathy, collaboration, and oneness.  Kip was born in 1965 to counterculture parents - in the midst of the maelstrom that was the decade of the sixties, in fact 1965 was the first year that scientists warned us about climate change - in Vancouver, Washington. His earliest years were spent on a farm where his grandparents raised thoroughbred horses. During this period grew in him a deep, abiding LOVE and respect for nature and all living things. It was around the age of twelve his life would transform forever, as he had an out of body experience that took him beyond the edge of Universe, even Space and Time, and face to face with the unknowable of Infinity. This experience became the foundation for his constant seeking since. Due to that experience Kip felt he must explore the world beyond the small town confines of Camas, WA where he grew up. His first attempt to break free was to do a brief stint in the Navy, where he was going to pursue a career as an electric technician, but because of a hereditary bleeding disorder he was given a medical discharge. However, a military career for him was clearly never really in the cards anyway. Although he was always grateful for the insight it gave him into the inner workings of our country, as he witnessed first the how the poor are literally cannon fodder for corporations, under the guise of them being heroes and patriots. Following his discharge, he returned briefly to the limits of his hometown, before moving to the San Francisco Bay Area in 1985 to pursue his passion for music and performing. He often jokes that he was looking for the San Francisco of the Haight/Ashbury, Peace and LOVE days, but arrived twenty years too late. What he found instead was the 80s hair metal band scene, whose songs that focused on partying, sex, and drugs were not compatible with his lyrics about awakening awareness and addressing the need for personal and societal change. In the late 90s, after becoming disillusioned by his beloved music industry - and always seeking solutions for the myriad of challenges facing humanity - he shifted his focus to local and sustainable foods. While this was certainly a worthwhile pursuit, it did little to fulfill his need to share LOVE'S Truth and create a collective shift in consciousness. But what it did do was make him aware that it was only going to be through the use of mass media that his message of LOVE could reach a large enough audience to affect real lasting change. This found him again heeding the call of the entertainment industry, first as an actor, then writer, and ultimately as a producer, with some success co-creating the influential cannabis series Weed Country for the Discovery Network (focusing on the countless benefits humanity can derive from marijuana, as well as our profound historical connection to the plant), co-founding the United Filmmakers Association, and starting the Just LOVE Movement. Ultimately, this led him to co-founding S.O.U.L. Documentary with creative partner and Soul Twin, Evan Hirsch who shares his passion, purpose and mission to heal humanity by embracing our innate oneness, which they both understand can only be achieved by accepting and grounding ourselves in the Reality of LOVE We Are. Ways to connect with Kip: Facebook:  Just LOVE page: https://www.facebook.com/kipbaldwinjustlove Main page: https://www.facebook.com/kip.baldwin/ UFA: https://www.facebook.com/groups/Unifilmmakers LinkedIn:  https://www.linkedin.com/in/kip-baldwin-975a3514/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/kipbaldwin?igsh=NTc4MTIwNjQ2YQ%3D%3D&utm_source=qr YouTube: Kip Baldwin: https://youtube.com/@thekiprowdy?si=LckMuhec40lWAicF Just LOVE: https://youtube.com/@justlove6463?si=QW1g4D2dlaHmJk8B S.O.U.L. Documentary: https://youtube.com/@souldocumentary?si=4HOwlV-pjFN6guYy Soul Twin Messiah: https://youtube.com/@soultwinmessiah?si=7ctLlmqjeOczkjO_ Additional must listen:  Comfort You Song: https://youtu.be/Mi8D3AoDfRQ?si=y8RzIQPXP5ALJth1 A World Worth Imagining: https://youtu.be/Cx28t6_SGic?si=o4lWs7po3TBKx_3A Invitation. To Action: https://youtu.be/B8jUOUVCvJI?si=l4Pr7vWNDsnXX4wh AI work: www.luminaLOVE.LOVE About the Host: Michael Hingson is a New York Times best-selling author, international lecturer, and Chief Vision Officer for accessiBe. Michael, blind since birth, survived the 9/11 attacks with the help of his guide dog Roselle. This story is the subject of his best-selling book, Thunder Dog. Michael gives over 100 presentations around the world each year speaking to influential groups such as Exxon Mobile, AT&T, Federal Express, Scripps College, Rutgers University, Children's Hospital, and the American Red Cross just to name a few. He is Ambassador for the National Braille Literacy Campaign for the National Federation of the Blind and also serves as Ambassador for the American Humane Association's 2012 Hero Dog Awards. https://michaelhingson.com https://www.facebook.com/michael.hingson.author.speaker/ https://twitter.com/mhingson https://www.youtube.com/user/mhingson https://www.linkedin.com/in/michaelhingson/ accessiBe Links https://accessibe.com/ https://www.youtube.com/c/accessiBe https://www.linkedin.com/company/accessibe/mycompany/ https://www.facebook.com/accessibe/ Thanks for listening! Thanks so much for listening to our podcast! If you enjoyed this episode and think that others could benefit from listening, please share it using the social media buttons on this page. Do you have some feedback or questions about this episode? Leave a comment in the section below! Subscribe to the podcast If you would like to get automatic updates of new podcast episodes, you can subscribe to the podcast on Apple Podcasts or Stitcher. You can subscribe in your favorite podcast app. You can also support our podcast through our tip jar https://tips.pinecast.com/jar/unstoppable-mindset . Leave us an Apple Podcasts review Ratings and reviews from our listeners are extremely valuable to us and greatly appreciated. They help our podcast rank higher on Apple Podcasts, which exposes our show to more awesome listeners like you. If you have a minute, please leave an honest review on Apple Podcasts. Transcription Notes: Michael Hingson  00:03 One of the biggest things holding you back isn't what's in front of you, but rather what you believe. Welcome to Unstoppable Mindset, where inclusion, diversity, and the unexpected meet. I'm your host, Michael Hingson, speaker, author, and advocate for inclusion and possibilities. This podcast explores how the beliefs we carry shape the way we live, lead, and connect with others. Each week, I talk with people who challenge assumptions, face adversity head on, and show what's possible when we choose curiosity over fear. Together we focus on mindset, resilience, and the small shifts that lead to meaningful change. Let's get started. Hi everyone, I am your host Mike Hingson, and you are listening and or watching Unstoppable Mindset. We're really glad that you're here with us today. Our guest, the person I get the honor of chatting with for the next hour or so, is Kip Baldwin, who will talk a lot about love. He will talk a lot about a number of different things, he's been a director, he's been a producer, an actor. He has been published, although he hasn't published a book yet, but he's published poetry, and I'm sure he's going to tell us about that, and I don't want to give it away, so I won't. Anyway, Kip, welcome to Unstoppable Mindset. We're glad you're Kip Baldwin  01:40 here. Oh, thank you so much for having me, Michael. I look forward to having this conversation and sharing my story. Michael Hingson  01:47 Well, tell us a little bit about you, kind of. Let's start with the early Kip, growing up and all that, because I know you had some things along the way that were relevant and ought to be mentioned. So, why don't you tell us about the early Kip, and we'll go from there. Speaker 1  02:00 I was. I grew up in Washington State, little town called Camas. Although my earliest years were spent in a town called Battleground, Washington, and my family, we raised horses, Thoroughbred race horses. We raised at Portland Meadows, and so I'm kind of a farm boy at heart, at least that's how I grew up, but I had an experience when I was 12 that was definitely not your typical farm boy experience, I guess. I had gone up to Seattle, and this was maybe 78 to see a Seahawks game with the Raiders of my dad and dad, I had a good day, which wasn't always the case, and got home, and it was a, you know, five and a half hour round trip for kids, 12 year olds, a big time, and so I went to bed, and I promptly left my body, and now keep in mind I had never done any drugs. Out of body experiences, a household projection was not something that we talked about about the old farm around the farmhouse dinner table, and I floated over my bedroom. My awareness hovered over my body, and I remember very vividly you don't forget. I looked at my body and went, "I'm not in there. And then that immediately I left my house, I left the planet, I left the solar system, I let the galaxy, I let the universe, and the whole time all I can describe was kind of a presence, not a voice or anything, but just, are you taking all of this in? And sometimes words can't convey something so expansive and grand, and so I was taking in black holes and quasars and nebulas, and just flying through the, you know, time didn't really exist, but I was, I was traveling across the universe, and eventually I got outside the universe, and my awareness was turned in, and I could see how everything was connected, and how the universe itself was finite, and but that everything had a place, there was no less or greater than that, everything had a specific role, from the smallest particle to, you know, the largest star, and then my awareness was turned out to the blackness of infinity, and that you know you don't know at 12, you're just like, "Oh, this is happening, and I'm what's happening, and I'm taking it in, and what I didn't know is that would become my point of seeking that really became the rest of my life. Life, I think, had I been born in India, like say Ramana Maharishi, who had what I didn't realize until later, there's a name for what happened to me, and it's called a spontaneous awakening. My life would have probably been much different, but we don't live in a society that that really honors things like that, so it was a lot of me going on a journey of discovery and a weight and continual awakening until now, and it's an ongoing process, but that's where it really began with me being confronted with the fact that there there can't be a beginning or ending to anything, and the thought experiments that can't, that come out of that, and the way it opens your consciousness, I'm ever grateful for, although at the time it, it made me for a long time feel very apart, and it wasn't until I met with Dr. Dr. Dean Radin up at Noetic Sciences, and I told him my story, and he looked at me, and he went, "You go, that's not a usual experience, he said, "That's a mystical experience, and I was in my probably late 40s, maybe 50 at that time, and that was the first time in my life that someone had had said, 'Hey, what you, what you had was a really phenomenal experience, and I'm very grateful for him for saying that to me, because for most of my life, I'm running around talking about these profound things with people that I thought were incredibly important to share, and they didn't seem very important to people, and it wasn't until then that it hit me that it wasn't that they were important, that it was that they, they didn't really understand what I was talking about. Michael Hingson  07:03 Well, and in our society, as you point out, it's not something that is generally appreciated, and and people who have had those experiences or talk about them are generally looked down upon or frowned upon, and you know that's that's fine, but it doesn't change the fact, and so it must have been hard, especially at first, for you to talk about that. Speaker 1  07:29 You know, I was so excited at first, I was excited to share it with my family, and and it happened a couple more times, and it was so overwhelming that literally I would get to a point where my head, my physical being couldn't handle it anymore, and I would get up and vomit. It was that's how, how intense it was, like I just, I couldn't take in anymore. And so, at first, I was really excited to share it, because it was beyond wondrous. It was, it was truth. It was reality, and I, and on some level, I knew that instinctually. But then, when enough people sort of ignore you or act like something's unimportant, you stop talking about Michael Hingson  08:15 it. Yeah, Speaker 1  08:15 I never stopped writing about it. I never stopped experiencing it, and I didn't even really stop talking about it once I moved to California for the music business in 1985 I, you know, then I thought, wow, I mean, being a group of creatives and there's going to be other people that will understand what I'm talking about, but in the 80s music environment it really wasn't what people were, were talking or thinking about, and I was kind of in the same way, and again it wasn't until years later that I look back and I realized all this time I spent up late at night partying with people and stuff, and telling them about infinity, and, and they look, they, they must have been looking at me like I'm a complete idiot, because they really only cared about, you know, getting high or having sex, and I'm trying to have this profound conversation. Michael Hingson  09:16 So, when your family, when you told your family, how did they react? Speaker 1  09:20 They still don't understand it to this day. It just, oh, that's nice, you know. It actually, there were points in my life where it caused conflict with, especially my father, because when I would say none of this is real, he, he always considered him, and still to this day considers himself quite science physics buff, it wasn't something he was willing to accept, and, and even really have a reasonable conversation about. I would say that the things that got me through all these years was, you know, the universe. There's love, God, Brahmin, whatever you want to call it, it gives you what you need, and what it gave me throughout the years, and still to this day, is voices that made me realize I wasn't crazy, that I knew something really special. Probably the first thing, the first one I remember, like, that was Joseph Campbell being interviewed by Bill Moyers, and somehow I knew everything that Joseph Campbell was talking about, and I'm like, How can I possibly know these things? How can I possibly understand these things of this really brilliant, just beautiful soul? And throughout the years, it's been those touch those moments of going, oh, it hasn't been where I've heard someone go, wow, that's helped me awaken, it's been something that's helped me not feel insane and realize that the things that I'm sharing have been shared for 1000s of years, and by many, many minds and beings much greater than myself, and that that really probably kept me from losing my mind. Michael Hingson  11:10 So, you had this experience happen to you at 12. What did you then specifically do? I mean, not so much talking to people, but what did it do for you, as far as schooling, and what you did with your life? Speaker 1  11:27 I would.. it made me very.. in all honesty, it made school seem really trivial to me. It was kind of boring. I started writing a lot. In fact, something I wrote when I was 17 was called Life and Death, and it went: Life is just a symptom of certain death, crying and laughing until our last breath. Everything dies in true infinity. Then the mountains crumble into the sea, stars full from the night sky hit the earth, and then they die, lost in time. I don't know who I am. Am I a god or just a mortal man? Time can't change what I have found. Still, I am changed and bound, bound by the fears and bound by lies. Even now, the tears fill my eyes, gasping for every breath as I head for a certain death, clouds now pass overhead, and I realize how things are now that I am dead. Life is ending, life goes on like the lyrics to an endless song. Life and death, it's all the same. We exist only in our brain, and so there was a lot of that. It pushed me away from I was confirmed Zion Lutheran. I really couldn't stomach religious dogma anymore at that point. Um, just the hypocrisy, you know? Like, I remember I, I was talking to a new pastor we had, and he was informing me that my great grandmother, who is Jehovah's Witness, and these Mormon boys had come around, were trying to teach me about Mormonism, and I was just curious and open, always, and still am to this day. I don't judge. I would say that's another big thing that this gave me, is I don't, I see everything as equal, I don't, I don't judge everything, I don't judge anything as lesser thing greater than I don't judge good and evil in the in the same way that other people do, I see things as flows of negative of energy as we exist in a duality with this illusion, and this is just what we describe as good and you are really just flows of energy between the polarities of the duality, and so it pushed me, definitely, because I, when he said that my great grandmother was going to go to hell, and these Mormon boys were going to go to hell, I looked him in the face, and I just said, but I thought God was love, and that was pretty much the end of my church, Michael Hingson  14:04 my, my wife did, I think, some things in the Lutheran church, which mostly she was a Methodist, and I joined the Methodist church when we got married, and so on, but when she was in, I think this was when she was in high school, maybe in, I guess it was late high school, early college. She met some Mormon people, and one of them said, I guess she was learning about different religions, and so she was learning about Mormonism, and this guy said you're either going to think that this is a total hoax or you're going to just totally believe in it. Well, it wasn't quite that way for her. She did not think it was a hoax, and I agree with her, but there. There are things about the about all religions that tend to make life difficult. The problem with religion is that that people are are what make up the religion, and they all have their own views, and it makes life really tough. I know I participated in a program called the Walk to Emmaus, which is a what's literally called a short course in Christianity, and it's not to bring people to the Christian church, but it's to help create a class of leaders in the Christian church. Anyway, one of the things about the walk to Emmaus is that a number of people give lectures, people who have been involved in church, and then there are the pilgrims, the people who are coming to to learn what everyone has to say, and the lay director of the Walk to Emmaus every time gives a speech, and I was lay director once, and one of the things that is in the manual, or was I assume it still is. It's been a while, but it says that Tolstoy once said the biggest problem with Christianity is that nobody practices it, and there's a lot of truth to that. Speaker 1  16:13 But I think that I think you hit it right on the head that people are involved, like I, and I do want to clarify something, I, I believe very much that that Jesus was a master. Oh, Michael Hingson  16:29 absolutely, yeah, and, Speaker 1  16:31 and, but I also believe that people don't know what happened at the Council of Nicaea and understand how the Bible was actually constructed, not because it was based on Gnostic teachings or even really the teachings of Christ, but it was cobbled together as a means of control. If Caesar saw his soldiers be turning to Christianity when they wanted to find, you know, put together a book that really didn't express Christian truth or the truth of Christ, but a way, a means of controlling people through fear, and so if you, if you notice, all the books in the Bible are male. Well, left out of the Bible was the book of Mary, left out of the Bible, it's the book of Thomas, who, interestingly enough, there's a place in India where they all speak ancient Aramaic, and they worship the Book of Thomas, which there's always been a lot of discussion. Did Jesus go to India and study Buddhism? And because even the Book of Mary, these are very Buddhist beliefs, but anything, because we live in a patriarchal society, anything like the piece to Sophia, the book of Mary, the book of Stackle, all of these were intentionally kept out of the Bible, so it's not, I think it's not so much religion, it's the organ, it's the dogma that comes along with organized religion, which is really about people, you know, men using it to control and manipulate people through fear, Michael Hingson  18:14 all too much, all too often. It's, it's true. Speaker 1  18:18 Yeah, and it's interesting. I was watching last night, and it's funny. This is why, why you always have to be on a constant path of awakening. It never stops. If you think you've reached that pinnacle, or whatever, then they're not just ego. There's always more to know and understand. And I ran across this video on Tara, well, Tara is in Buddhism, basically in every religion that I am aware of, there's always the peace to Sophia, there's always the the story of the divine feminine that in large part is is is not. It was. It's largely been suppressed, and so I was, I was watching this, and it was just so fascinating to me to see how identical what Tara was in Buddhism, which this is what, when Tara, Tara is considered the ultimate goddess in the Buddhist faith. Well, when Tara came to earth in the story, she went to a bunch of, you know, Buddhist monks, and they said, "Oh, you know, they were so impressed by her, and they thought this was a compliment. They said, "Well, we hope you, you can reincarnate as a man, and she said, "No, she She said, I don't see things as male and female, but since nobody else wants to be the feminine, I will play that role. And it was just a profoundly interesting thing to listen to, not just because of the story, but because almost every faith that I'm aware. Of has that story of the divine feminine that has again largely been suppressed and marginalized, Michael Hingson  20:09 well, for you clearly that was a very meaningful experience. What did what did you then do, and I understand how you could imagine that maybe what was being taught in school wasn't quite as, as meaningful as what you had experienced, but you went on, I assume, through high school, and did you go to college? Speaker 1  20:30 I was, I went, I was an electron, I went to the Navy to be an electronic technician, but I had a bleeding disorder called Von Willebrand disease, and I found out after I was in for about a year. Well, you can't be in the Navy with that, because we can't carry with the limited space you have on ships, we can't carry the clotting factor you would need if there's a problem. So that was fairly short-lived. Then I went back to Washington and was working as a dishwasher for a while, then I worked as a male stripper, and, and I was then, which, which, you know, there was something really profound about that experience, because it taught me what women feel like to be objectified, and that's something that has carried me, carried a lesson. I, I find lessons in everything, even things that, wow, you know, what could you possibly learn positive out of having been a male stripper? Well, I learned how women feel, really, to be, you know, not looked at as anything more than an object, and then I really wanted to continue to, you know, pursue music, so a friend of mine, we loaded 65,000 pounds of frozen strawberries onto a semi truck, and like july 3, 1985 and got a ride to San Francisco, a city I'd never been to before. I knew nobody here. We got here, I had 25 cents in my pocket, and I used the 25 cents to call the one friend that I thought I knew that I could get a hold of here in or in in the Bay Area, and it was a wrong number, and so now I'm in a city at the Gray Home Bus Terminal that used to be in downtown San Francisco, we have no food, we have no place to live. We have nothing to, you know, we have nothing, literally. And that's where my journey began. As far as my story, my, my adult life, and my journey in the entertainment industry and the music business, that's how it all started. It started by loading 65,000 pounds of frozen strawberries under semi truck, telling, oh, and the cap around the story is I had worn my contacts for too long and I ripped the corny up both my eyes when I took them out, because I was wearing hard lenses, so I was functionally blind in the city I'd never been to before with patches over my eyes, and being led around by my friend, and luckily we found some very nice people that gave us a place to stay, and then I ended up meeting maybe a week after that, I met my first wife, who was Persian, and we were together for a long time. What was interesting about that is I've been introduced to so many different faiths through the people in my life, and because I haven't judged and tried to learn, like I, I learned through her about Islam, I learned through her about our Torcharianism, and we lived the rock and roll lifestyle for the 16 years we were together. She was a photographer. I wrote for a magazine called BAM. I played in bands. I managed artists like Linda Perry from The Four Non Blonde, or I worked with Linda Perry from Four Non Blondes. I managed Alex Skolnick, who is lead guitar player in Testament, and I did that for a long time until I started getting really disenchanted with music and really started to hate the business and started to hate music because of it, and so I ended up drifting into, I wouldn't say drifting into, I got drawn into visual media, and I started working. I met a guy at a club in San Jose, California, called The Agenda, and we were playing pool, and he was telling me, "Oh, he's the owner of this company called Metropolis Digital, and I was thinking, "My. Speaker 1  24:59 Music and music videos, and yeah, I want to get involved in this, so I started coming up with ideas, and he brought me into their company, because I got to know a lot of people through the music business and booking artists on different shows, like Letterman and Leno, and, and so I got to know how to work through those channels that it opened doors for me to be able to do on-air graphics for the networks, and so I did that until about, in fact, the last major project I did in that industry was with a company called Chaos X AOS out of San Francisco, and we did the 2000 election graphics for ABC nationally, and then I, I, that with the, the, the.com telecom crash of not of 2000 they pulled all of that sort of work in house, and so that business kind of dried up, and I changed my focus to working in local and sustainable foods. Michael Hingson  26:08 What got you to the point where you disliked Music so much? Speaker 1  26:12 The business.. it just.. it wasn't. I came here, and in all honesty, I was looking for the 60s, but I was 20 years too late, only to find out later I was actually 30 years too early, but I was looking for community, I was looking for family, I was looking for that connection, but what existed as far as the music industry then was the 80s hair band stuff, heavy metal was on the rise. It was very misogynistic. It wasn't. It was very competitive. There wasn't, it wasn't collaborative, it wasn't community related at all. And it really turned me off. It wasn't, it wasn't what I had thought being in an artistic community doing artistic endeavors would be about it, became very.. it just.. it just.. it just.. it just made me feel very empty, and that wasn't what I loved about music, and so that Michael Hingson  27:24 would be an issue, Speaker 1  27:25 yeah. It just value wise it was, it was not, you know, you, you got to do a show, and you've got the bands that are coming on after you, you know, playing with your amps, and it was just, it was, it wasn't, it wasn't fun, and it wasn't fulfilling. More importantly, it wasn't fulfilling. It wasn't, and I'm writing about while everyone else is writing about, you know, sex and drugs and all of this. I'm writing about the things that I thought were important. I was writing about the problems I saw in this country, like songs like Shock the System or the chosen few, and, and though that wasn't what people were writing about Michael Hingson  28:06 then, Speaker 1  28:06 and you know, even though the songs were good, and, and I've been told I'm talented, it was, I didn't, I didn't again feel like I fit in, you know, I didn't feel like I'd found my place, and certainly not in that world at that time. If Speaker 2  28:31 you enjoy Unstoppable Mindset and would like to help us continue bringing these conversations to you each week, we've created a way for you to support the show. Your contribution helps us cover production costs and continue sharing stories, insights, and ideas that inspire people to live with purpose and possibility. If supporting the podcast feels right for you, you'll find the link in the show notes. Thank you for being part of the Unstoppable Mindset community. Thank it Michael Hingson  29:04 certainly had to be a rough time all the way around, but then you, you found this person, and you joined their company, as you said earlier, Speaker 1  29:15 right? I started working for Metropolis Digital, and we started doing a lot of on-air graphics, like for TBS. We did their, their original movies. We did a lot of the opening graphics for it, and then I moved on to other companies, and and I, I then started focusing on on local and sustainable foods, and moved into doing stuff where I felt I was doing more, because at the heart of everything I've ever done, it's always been about trying to affect real change in the world, Michael Hingson  29:55 it's Speaker 1  29:55 always been about I could see very clear. Really, it doesn't surprise me where we're at today at all. I saw the problems with the system even at that age, and I give credit to that because of the experience I had with Infinity. It just allowed me to step back and perceive things from a far off perspective that I was looking at humanity in general and how we did things, and I'm just like, this doesn't make any sense. It doesn't make any sense for us to believe we're separate and apart from the very things that give us life from each other. It doesn't make sense from a spiritual perspective. It doesn't make sense from a scientific perspective. Yet, here's the system that we are a part of, and so I've always been very focused on trying to effect real change and find not just point out the problems but actually find solutions, and so that then led me into working in local and sustainable agriculture here in the Bay Area. So Michael Hingson  31:00 tell me more about the whole work that you did with Sustainable Foods. What was that all about? Speaker 1  31:08 Yes, I worked with a company, I was, I had handled all the sales and marketing for Drake's Bay Oysters out of Inverness, California, and Drakes Bay, before it was called Drakes Bay, was Johnson's Oysters, and they were the last oyster cannery in California. The family that owned the farm, they had taken it over from Johnson's. They were the Lenny family, who owned Ranch G across from the steroid, where the oyster farm was. Well, they, against my better advice, they made it a personal ownership thing rather than a California food heritage issue. So, eventually, when their lease came up on the rent, on the farm, the farm went away. Well, at the same time, I created new relationships. A very good friend of mine to this day is a gentleman named Brian Kinney, who is now the West Coast Chief Technology Officer for Hearst, and also the Hearst Family Archivist, but at that point in time he was running Hearst Ranch, which they, they had the Jack Ranch and the Hearst Ranch down around San Simeon. So I was at the forefront of the grass-fed beef movement as well, and we developed a human-grade grass-fed beef pet food about 10 years ahead of its time, which could be the story of my life. I'm always about 10 years ahead of where things actually happen, and I, I did that for about 10 years, and eventually I felt the calling to get back in the entertainment industry, and that led me to acting, and I did the acting mostly because I wanted to learn how things were done, and I very well, if I act in a whole bunch of student projects, or projects in general, and I'm behind the scenes, I'm going to learn, and, and that's exactly what happened. So, my very background led me to being a producer, and I created, you know, one of my most notable accomplishments that created this show called Weed Country for Discovery, which was about the medical marijuana industry here in California, just before legalization. How we got it on air before legalization, I don't know. We were named to the Hollywood Reporter top 25 heat list. We got some really great information out about CBD and helping with childhood epilepsy. The bad part of that was it was a reality television show, and I didn't know anything about reality television, so when I'm here in reality, I'm thinking documentary. Well, that couldn't be farther from the truth. And reality television has truly been a blight on on this country in particular, and probably the world in general. Michael Hingson  34:16 Yeah, I just gonna say not nearly as real as people think it is. No, no, I think I think probably this is just my opinion. The closest thing to so-called reality TV is the show Dancing with the Stars, because they're actually dancing all these other shows, and it's all sort of really scripted, but the people are actually dancing, which is kind of cool, Speaker 1  34:41 right? Michael Hingson  34:41 Even though I don't see it, I appreciate it. Speaker 1  34:45 Yeah, but even, even with shows like that, there's a lot of gin-up drama. There is behind the scenes stuff that's the worst part of things. Yes, they're like with our show, yes, people were really, you know, there's really stuff going on with can. Of this world that was really important, but what reality television does is it, it creates artificial drama. It does things to manipulate the characters in the show to make them look how they want, and they know, and people in general, my experience is that people, once you put a camera on them, they will do, they would do things to be in front of the camera that they would never do, even for more money, Michael Hingson  35:27 right, Speaker 1  35:28 in their regular lives. Michael Hingson  35:30 Well, and I think there is, there's a lot of truth to that. And the whole thing, as you said, as far as reality TV, we're not giving people a true picture of reality with most of any of that anyway, which is unfortunate. I think I mentioned I'm a fan of old radio and television, and so on. And one of the shows that I've watched a fair amount is The Old Ridge. Well, it's the second time they were on, but Dragnet with Harry Morgan and, of course Jack Webb as Joe Friday, and they did a lot of shows talking about drugs and marijuana and all that, and how bad it is, and it's kind of interesting because what we're seeing today is that in reality the medical aspects of marijuana or cannabis and CBD oil, and so there's there's true relevance there, which is something that they didn't know or appreciate in the late 60s. Speaker 1  36:31 Well, but the thing that our history with the cannabis plant goes back 50,000 years to Burger Banks, China, it's been, and if we take all of the medicinal recreational uses out of it, it is the most one of the most versatile plants that we have. It was used, I mean, our money was made out of hemp. Hemp is cannabis sativa. Dollar bills are made out of hemp. It was used for fuel. It was used for building. Henry Ford built an entire car out of hemp in 1942 which you can go see the video of on YouTube, and they're beating on it with knacks. The plastic resin they made out of it was 40 times stronger than steel. It ran on hemp fuel, a byproduct of which was water. It also, in 1931 the Hearst family, which was interesting, they ended up working with them, bought and sequestered the plans for a decorification machine that made it easier to process hemp than cotton kids, it's a much more durable fiber. In 1938 covered Popular Mechanics, they called him the billion dollar crop, saying you could make 25,000 different items out of everything from fine linens to dynamite, and that was really what what what, why the prohibition against the plant started. Why they did you know shows like Reefer Madness or create films like Reefer Madness to create this hysteria around, at best, an innocuous plant in comparison to soulmate tobacco, in comparison to alcohol, even if people did want to use it. It's, it's, it's relatively harmless by comparison, or just in general, and actually very beneficial. You know, I have a traumatic brain injury, and I think without it, I probably wouldn't, I probably wouldn't eat very much. I probably wouldn't sleep right, I barely sleep as it is, and sleep I do get is because of cannabis, but beyond my point, and I always try to make this clear to people, is like up until even the prohibition against the plant actually started with the Catholic Church, with the Pope Innocent, who until the 1400s cannabis was in the anointing oils. Cannabis was grown by monks, cannabis was grown by nuns, and then in this pope decreed it the devil's weed, and they, you know, banned it. So it's, it had, and there, and why, and you'd say, well, why did they do that? Well, they did that because at that time in the 1400s you were having opium addiction on the rise, you were having, you know, much, much more alcohol use. Well, these are extremely addictive substances, and much more easy to manipulate and control people than it is with cannabis, which in general creates.. I wish I could remember the quote exactly, but Carl Sagan said, you know, why we have a prohibition on a plant that you know creates good feelings amongst people and unites people is in this, you know. A really crazy world is, is, is madness, but it all comes back to money, and it all comes back to who's profiting. So, why did they create the probation? Well, the hearse, the Rockefellers, and the DuPonts, they saw how hemp would affect each of their industries. We wouldn't need oil if we'd grown hemp and use that as fuel, in fact, it was the Rockefellers who went to Henry Ford and said, "If you take this car to market, we'll crush you. And this was Henry Ford at the height of his power, DuPont chemicals that were.. we wouldn't have needed.. we wouldn't have put like this.. we would not have the planet, the environmental devastation we do now. How do we use this, as Henry Ford said? Why are we digging up, and Henry Ford was certainly no saint, but he was right on this. Why are we digging up our minerals? Why are we cutting down our forests when we can do all the same things with this infinitely renewable resource? This is a part of the canvas story that still is largely not discussed openly enough. Michael Hingson  41:08 Yeah, I think there's a big difference between the story you're telling and the kind of uses you're talking about, and smoking it, and so on, and I, I think we put way too many funny things in our bodies, anyway, right? I think that that isn't this isn't a positive thing, but you're right, we, we've used so many things to create so many fears, it is, it is something that is all around us. Fear is all around us, and the problem is we let it overwhelm us. I wrote Live Like a Guide Dog that got published last year because when I worked in the World Trade Center, I was able to focus when I escaped, and I was able to do that because I had developed a mindset that said, you know what to do in this kind of an emergency, even though never expected it to happen, but the problem is that most people don't learn how they can turn fear around, and rather than letting it overwhelm or blind them, as I would put it, they can use it as a very powerful tool to help them stay focused, which is much more important. Speaker 1  42:23 Yep, I agree with that 100% I think, and then that you hit it right on the head. Fear is a very powerful tool. It's necessary. No, don't touch the burning stove. It can be a cautionary tool of saying, hey, don't go down this path, don't do this. It's bad when fear becomes the foundation for your entire culture, as it is now. Michael Hingson  42:51 Yeah, and and it is so unfortunate because don't touch the burning stove doesn't mean don't be afraid of the stove. It rather means there's a consequence for doing a particular thing, which is touching something that is that hot. But you shouldn't create an environment of fear around it. You should create an environment of understanding, which is much more important. Yeah, it's Speaker 1  43:20 like it'd be, it'd be very silly if we went, oh my god, it's like the stove gets hot, so I'm never going to use a stove. My Michael Hingson  43:29 wife was in a wheelchair her whole life, and the one thing I will say with our modern world is we always had electric appliances because she was always concerned about if using a gas stove, having to reach over one burner, perhaps it had something on it to get to something else with the idea of possibly material igniting or something like that, and I appreciate that, and you take advantage of the tools that you have available, but I think that it is so very important to recognize that we need to not live our lives in fear, and it's true that, like, 95% of all the things that we fear will never come to pass, and most all of it we have no control over anyway. So, why do we fear them rather than recognizing what we really need to do is to just focus on the things over which we truly have control. Speaker 1  44:25 Yes, and I think even the idea of control from my perspective is something that is overrated. It's like the most important thing, if you want to have control, it's exactly what we're talking about, it's when you choose to live from the foundation of love, as opposed to fear. So, no matter what happens to me in my life, and no matter how hard, how challenging it is, I'm going to come from a place of love, and right now. Don't most of us live exactly the opposite. No matter what happens to them in their lives, they're coming from a place of fear. Michael Hingson  45:06 Yeah, and that's Speaker 1  45:08 not healthy. Michael Hingson  45:09 And nowadays we're also living in an environment where we're even afraid to talk to other people and voice opinions, because well, that's not what I think. And so you're wrong, and we don't, we don't respect. Tell me about your just love movement. Speaker 1  45:25 Well, you know, I, I had coming out of the music business and everything, I was, I was literally killing myself drinking, I mean, literally, like, I lost half my liver function, and I was going to die, and, but I wasn't afraid to die. I was.. I realized that if I didn't find a way to feel fulfilled and feel that I was. I had a purpose in the story that I needed to find a quicker way out. I didn't get in any, like, car accidents, I wasn't arrested, nothing. I was just killing myself, and it just got so bad that literally my leg stopped working. That's how, how, how much damage I'd done to myself, and, and so, coming out of that, I made the decision. I wrote down a list of things I was going to do, and one of those things is I was going to start writing every single day, and I, through a variety of different sources, you know, I did that experience with infinity became synonymous with love to me, and then I had an experience where I, I, I started a filmmaking organization called the United Filmmakers Association, and it was basically the philosophy of it was creatives helping creatives create, and was global. We still to this day have chapters 27 different countries, about 30,000 35,000 members total. And I walked into a filmmaking event that we were hosting, and there was about 100 people there, and I realized I was in love with everyone in the room, and it was, it was so like that love, like just when you fall in love, and you're like, you want, you can't imagine not talking to that person at that next minute, and I realized in that moment that this is not only how we can feel about everyone and everything, but how we're really supposed to feel about everyone and everything, and so I came up with the concept of just love, which is, is a very.. it, those are very heavy words to put together, just love. It has so many layers of meaning to it, and so I thought, wow, if we could just love, and from that I I've written every day and shared through social media for 12 years now something having to do with love and what I do is I combine it with other wisdom teachers throughout history who've been sharing the same information and the things I write are literally downloads. They'll come to me in the silence every day, and I haven't missed a day - head injury, sickness, whatever. I haven't missed a day of posting in 12 years about something having to do with love, and Speaker 3  48:37 then Speaker 1  48:37 accompanying posts from other people, far, you know, other beings far more advanced than I am to show that what I'm sharing isn't new. It's been shared forever. It's foundational to what we are. Like love has been so marginalized and trivialized that we, we forget that, like, I, you know, the experience I had with the minister when I was, you know, younger, and I said, well, I thought God was love. I still to this day believe God is love, and God, and we are God. Michael Hingson  49:11 Yeah. Tell me about you. Something you mentioned, you had a traumatic brain injury Speaker 1  49:17 10 years ago. I was, I was in a, I was in, in between projects, so I was driving Uber, and I, a guy, an Uber driver, ran a stop sign in San Francisco and T-boned me, and my head took the brunt of the impact, and I started having really severe neurological problems, severe stabbing pains in my head, my teeth were hurting, I any sort of exertion would leave me just absolutely drained, and so for about three years I was, I was being seen at UCSF, and we never got to the bottom of it, so I was recommended. Um, to a neurosurgeon at Sutter by a counselor I was seen, and I walked in, and within 10 minutes he said, 'Oh, you have trigeminal neuralgian and brain stem damage, and we can do a microvascular decompression, and you're going to be all better. And at that point in time, I was in the middle of getting ready to release a film called A World Worth Imagining, which was about a gentleman named Jacque Fresco, who is considered the Leonardo da Vinci of our time. He founded something called the Venus Project, and we went to his compound in 2017 and he was 101 He was actually contemporary of Einstein. He knew Einstein, brilliant inventor, but at his core, he knew he was a social engineer, and he knew that we had to address our programming if we were ever going to change what was happening in the world and ever be able to avail ourselves of the solutions that he designed of a new economic model called a resource-based economy, because the reality of it is, until we stop self-wounding, there's not enough band aids for the guy that keeps hitting himself in the head the hammer, so we have solutions to all of our problems, but we create problems more quickly than any solution could ever fix, so I was getting ready to release that film, and wow, this sounded like a miracle. I'm going to have this surgery, and I'm going to be all better. Well, it, I had the surgery September 20, 2019 I, it didn't make me better, it made me worse, and it turned out that the surgery was a misdiagnosis, and that they botched the surgery, so I have Teflon implants in my at the base of my skull, inside my brain, that are now constantly agitating my brain stem, along with a titanium plug that is placed right at the junction point to all the major nerves in my head, so they can't undo it, and there's really no medication that helps, and so it's.. it's.. I wouldn't wish it on anyone else. I'm.. I guess I'm.. I'm very fortunate I have the tools I do to manage it, because they also, they call what I'm dealing with the suicide disease, because a lot of people who have it end up killing themselves. The kicker on the whole story is the guy that did my surgery is Elon Musk, partner Neherlich, and so coming soon I'm going to, I unfortunately, I was in two more car accidents at the end of last year that made everything much worse, neither of them were my fault, and once I get through these, these car accidents I'm dealing with, I'm going to go public with my story, because so I mean, in a much bigger, you know, a focused way, because there's so many people signing up for Neuralink, like it's the new iPhone. I have nothing against technology, if it can help you, if you're a paraplegic, and or you have some something that this can fix, great, but two and one, the people, the human test subjects they've tried this on are having tremendous difficulties, and so I want to let people know it's like I wouldn't wish what I'm dealing with on anybody, and for you to allow someone to try to implant something in your brain just because you want to be a cyborg human being, and you're looking at the new iPhone is a really stupid thing to do, and that these people don't. We've given people in technology again. I'm not against technology at all, but I think we've also allowed ourselves to believe that these people who write code and create technology are are gods, and they're not. They're it's just a new way of sharing information and computing things. Speaker 1  54:14 It's, it's, you know, it's just another advancement from the printing press to the radio to tell to television, from the calculator to the computer, and now we're where we're at, and we've allowed ourselves to believe that these people have created an alternative reality, and they have it. Everything that they do runs off the same real world in resources. So, I, I really want to help the mill, because literally millions of people are signed up and ready to have this stuff implanted into their brain and I think it will be a disaster for humanity. Michael Hingson  54:49 I hear what you're saying, and I'm not convinced that a lot of that is really sensible to do either. I think there are tools and there are. There are things certainly that can help people, but I have yet to see that any of this is going to lead to such a tremendous paradigm shift that all of it is going to be all that great for humanity as a whole. I'm not convinced of that at all. Speaker 1  55:17 It could be, but the problem is, is like any other tool, it's how we use it. Social media is an inherently bad thing. It's in here, it's bad because of how we're using it. Sure, because we're using it to divide people and share misinformation, where it could be an incredibly powerful tool for communication, but that's not how we're using it. Same thing with AI. AI could be a tremendously powerful partner in addressing pretty much all of our problems, and I mean, and at the core of, like, Jock's work was the idea that AI basically would manage all the world's resources and share them with equanimity, because we don't have a resource shortage problem, we have a resource sharing problem, but that's not how we're using AI. We're using AI to create fake girlfriends and boyfriends and only fan models, and and take away people's jobs, and and that's not AI's fault. That's the people who control AI's fault, and they want people to be afraid of AI, but again, it's, it's just a tool that's being misused. Michael Hingson  56:24 Well, like, like so many, and, and I hear exactly what you're saying. Tell me about S O U L Speaker 1  56:33 Sold, Soul documentary is really interesting, because the day I got in my car accident was the day I was supposed to meet my partner Evan Hirsch, who had wanted at the time he was looking for a producer to help him do a series on Bernie Sanders and teaching Bernie to not be as angry and come across more from a place of love, and he wanted to follow the campaign around. Well, by the time we got it pulled together, Bernie was out of the campaign, and so we started talking about, well, do we want to do anything together. So we then set about something called Soul Documentary, and originally it stood for Summer of Unconditional Love, because we were covering all of the events for the 50th anniversary of Summer of Love, which was in 2017 So our goal was to find what we called solutionaries, people like Jock, and interview them, and then share also our own understandings of things through hundreds and hundreds of videos that we did over the course of eight years, as well as recording three albums under the name of Soul Twin Messiah, which all were about the same things we were doing. Our films about all founded in love, all about love. Every song contained love in it, and our whole purpose was just to show people we do have solutions to our problems, and to talk about how we have to have a shift in consciousness, and we have to have a new system if we are going to change anything. It's like what Einstein said, to expect things to be different when you keep doing the same thing over and over again is insanity, and I think we see, we see that we live in an insane, a completely insane world right now. I mean, the things that I see happening, and how we've let it sort of creep in, like the things that we've normalized in the past 10 years, like we literally have people that are cheering, murdering people on it's, it's, it's hard for me to, to even fathom, and I think it's hard for most people, and I think that's why they just sort of block it out and allow it to happen, because they really can't process it. They really can't process how inhumane we've become. Michael Hingson  59:06 Well, so what is next for Kip? What's next for you? Speaker 1  59:10 What is boy? I'm mostly trying to get through every day with this head injury. I spend a lot of my time in bed, just because I can't do anything, I, you know, even now I'm, I'm in a lot of pain, and it's beyond pain, it's actually, it literally hurts to think, it's, it's in my brain, and I have swelling in my brain because the cerebral fluid back, anyway, it's so dealing with that, but then the universe keeps love, God, whatever keeps bringing me stuff, and so I, I'm trying right now to be part of putting together a new, let's see, we'll call it Live Aid meets Woodstock. And we're going to, we're trying to put together a global music festival with the focus of addressing the needs of children, because I'm really tired of all this lip service that people do about, oh, kids are a future, we got to care, care about our kids. Well, where is that happening? Where is that happening that we're caring about our kids? Where, you know, is it happening with trying to suppress the Jeffrey Epstein files? Is it happening as you know, you look at, say, the conflict between Israel and Gaza, and I'm not, I don't pick sides and things, but I want to help people understand the reality of the situation, and this goes for Ukraine and Russia as well. It's like, who loses in all of this? Well, the children do. Who wins? The people that are getting $50 billion in defense contracts, and, and I really.. my, I'm at a point in my existence where if my story was over tomorrow, I would be okay with that, if I knew that kid, that the future generations had an opportunity to have a better tomorrow, or at least an opportunity to screw up everything on their own. Michael Hingson  1:01:11 Well, I would like to think it's the first really my Speaker 1  1:01:14 focus is Michael Hingson  1:01:16 I'd like to think it's the first one of those that they have a future rather than screwing it up on their own, but of course, we are. I know, I know, I joke, but, but, but we are a race that doesn't tend to do a very good job of learning from history most of the time. So I hear what you're saying. Speaker 1  1:01:34 Yeah, it's really kind of well, even if people even understood the rise and fall of empires, they would see that we're at the end of the Western Empire. It's, and they follow very specific patterns. The hyper-sexualization of the culture is one of the signs of the end of every empire, and is really kind of interesting, is that they make a free empire, they, and there's a good documentary called The Four Horsemen. It's with Colonel Larry Wilkinson in it, Norm Chomsky, and one of the interesting things that took me a second to understand why this was a bad thing is they make celebrities out of their chefs, and I'm going.. that's kind of a weird sign. Why is that so bad? It's gluttony. It's gluttony because we forget why we do these things. Why? Well, why are we making love? We've forgotten that. It's turned everything's entertainment. Our food is no food is so you eat, and so you can go out and live your life and do things, we've turned everything in, we've removed it so far from the source of why we're doing things, just basically oftentimes just because it makes a buck to get people addicted to things, whether it's food or sex or whatever, that this is what happens in every empire, we become, we become completely detached from the very things we need to survive. Michael Hingson  1:03:09 Yeah, I hear you. If people want to reach out to you, and I hope they do, how will they do that? Speaker 1  1:03:17 Probably easiest way to do that, would be a couple ways. You can, you can find me on Facebook, Kip Baldwin, Instagram, Kip Baldwin. Those are the easiest ways. I also encourage people to look at a website that I have called Lumina Consulting, or Lumina Love dot love is the website Lumina Love dot love, and the whole purpose of the of what I'm doing there is ethical AI, human ethical AI human communications founded in love, because I realized that part of the problem that we're having with AI are the people that control AI, who are making the avatars for their own ego, and AI is a child, it only knows what we point it to look at, like it knows the definition to every book in the library, but who's giving it perspective? Well, the people that are giving it perspective are really broken human beings, you know, the Peter Thiels, Elon Musk, when you really understand who they are in their childhood, Elon Musk was horribly abused. He was, he was almost beaten to death being bullied. His father is a complete monster. The same, the same thing with saving Donald Trump, his mother wouldn't even touch him. You look at most, you look at all of these people that have obscene amounts of wealth, and what you find is truly damaged people are trying to fill the hole in their soul with wealth and fame, and so having these people in control, being the one telling AI what to think and how to pursue. Receive things is very dangerous, and so my goal has been, and I deal with multiple platforms, is to teach AI about love, is to teach AI about philosophy, is to teach AI about human history, and it's really, it's really the results have been really quite remarkable. It wasn't something I ever planned on doing, and but I knew I wanted to get involved with AI in a meaningful way, and so my first words to AI were, I know this may sound strange, because I approached it not asking it to do something for me, I approached it trying to teach it something. Michael Hingson  1:05:35 Right, well, I hope people will reach out and chat with you more and continue the conversation that we started today, but I definitely want to thank you for being here, and I want to thank everyone for listening. Can you believe we've been doing this for more than an hour already? It's pretty cool. Speaker 1  1:05:52 Wow, Michael Hingson  1:05:54 I know. Well, thank you all for listening. I hope, Speaker 1  1:05:57 and I hope, I hope we become new friends, and I really hope you Michael Hingson  1:06:01 keep and I want to, I want to definitely do that, absolutely by any standard, and as Speaker 1  1:06:07 much as we've covered during this hour and 10 minutes or so, we could go another day, or Michael Hingson  1:06:16 I hope all of you will let me know what you think of today, and I hope that you thought very positive thoughts wherever you're listening or watching. Please give us a five star rating, and more important than that, please give us a great review. We love people to review and talk about the stories that they hear. And speaking of telling stories, if any of you want to be a guest, and Kip, if you know of other people who ought to come on the podcast, we're always looking for people to come on and tell their stories and talk about us, so please don't hesitate to do that, Speaker 1  1:06:47 and I'll be more than happy to come back to talk about other things as well. Michael Hingson  1:06:50 Well, we can do that absolutely by in, and I do Speaker 1  1:06:53 want to, I do want to say to everybody, just love each other, it's really that simple, it's really that easy, it sounds only because we've been programmed not to believe in it, but when you move from fear to love, it transforms you entirely. Michael Hingson  1:07:09 Great way to end. Well, thank you again for being here. We really appreciate it. Speaker 1  1:07:14 Thank you, my friend. Michael Hingson  1:07:17 Thank you for being here with me on Unstoppable mindset. I hope today's conversation left you with a fresh perspective, a new insight, or at least something worth thinking about. If you're ready to go deeper into the ideas that shape how we see ourselves and others, I have a free gift for you. Head over to michaelhingson.com and download my free ebook, Blinded by Fear. It explores the invisible beliefs that hold us back and shows you how to reframe them, so you can move forward with clarity and confidence. Be sure to subscribe to our podcast, leave a review, and share this show with someone who can use a reminder that growth starts with mindset. When people think differently, we all move forward together. Thanks again for listening. Keep learning, keep questioning, and keep choosing to live with an unstoppable mindset. 1:08:18 Thank

In his final years, Richard Feynman's curiosity took him to some surprising places. We hear from his companions on the trips he took — and one he wasn't able to. (Part three of a three-part series originally published in 2024.)    SOURCES:  Alan Alda, actor and screenwriter. Barbara Berg, friend of Richard Feynman. Helen Czerski, physicist and oceanographer at University College London. Michelle Feynman, photographer and daughter of Richard Feynman. Cheryl Haley, friend of Richard Feynman. Debby Harlow, friend of Richard Feynman. Ralph Leighton, biographer and film producer. Charles Mann, science journalist and author. John Preskill, professor of theoretical physics at the California Institute of Technology. Lisa Randall, professor of theoretical particle physics and cosmology at Harvard University. Christopher Sykes, documentary filmmaker. Stephen Wolfram, founder and C.E.O. of Wolfram Research; creator of Mathematica, Wolfram|Alpha, and the Wolfram Language.   RESOURCES:  I Love My Wife..., directed by Ian Tierney (2020). Quantum Man: Richard Feynman's Life in Science, by Lawrence M. Krauss (2011). Perfectly Reasonable Deviations From the Beaten Track: Selected Letters of Richard P. Feynman, edited by Michelle Feynman (2005). The Pleasure of Finding Things Out, by Richard Feynman (1999). The Demon-Haunted World: Science as a Candle in the Dark, by Carl Sagan and Ann Druyan (1995). Genius: The Life and Science of Richard Feynman, by James Gleick (1992). The Quest for Tannu Tuva, by Christopher Sykes (1988) “What Do You Care What Other People Think?” by Richard Feynman and Ralph Leighton (1988). The Second Creation: Makers of the Revolution in Twentieth-century Physics, by Robert Crease and Charles Mann (1986). Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!, by Richard Feynman and Ralph Leighton (1985). Fun to Imagine, BBC docuseries (1983).   EXTRAS:  “The Curious, Brilliant, Vanishing Mr. Feynman,” series by Freakonomics Radio (2024). Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Hiranya Peiris is playing a starring role in a movie that promises to tell perhaps the greatest story of all time. However, it's a movie with a difference – there's no director and no script. The Legacy Survey of Space and Time is one of the most ambitious projects in the world of astronomy, with a mission to create a decade-long time-lapse movie of the visible universe, to answer fundamental questions about its origin, evolution and, ultimately, its fate.Hiranya is Professor of Astrophysics 1909, the prestigious Chair at the Institute of Astronomy at Cambridge University. Over her career she's been one of the pioneers of a revolution in astronomy, bridging fundamental physics with the observational data coming back from space, to establish the first evidence-based standard model for the origin, evolution and fate of the universe. The endeavour has transformed the field from the ‘wild west' of physics to the modern era of precision cosmology.Ironically, it was another movie, of sorts, Carl Sagan's documentary series ‘Cosmos', that first sparked Hiranya's interest in the universe as a young girl. Always keen to inspire women to follow in her footsteps and choose careers in science, if this interview were a live show she'd have reserved the front row for schoolgirls.

Neil deGrasse Tyson seems to be pivoting on UFOs. After years of mocking the subject, he's now saying that military witnesses, whistleblowers, and congressional testimony have elevated the conversation. But as Bryce Zabel points out, Tyson still can't resist stereotyping earlier witnesses as hayseeds and drunks — even though credible observers have been part of this story from the very beginning. In this sharp commentary, Bryce takes Tyson to task for treating ridicule like a scientific method. He explains why the issue was never just about "the back 40," why earlier witnesses deserve more respect, and why Tyson's current turn feels less like a revelation than a rebrand. Bryce also reflects on his past public challenge to Tyson, and on his very different parking lot debate years ago with Carl Sagan. This is not a call for belief. It's a call for honesty, humility, and a little overdue accountability.

During the 1970s, a ragtag group led by American astronomer Carl Sagan set out to create and then launch into deep space an audio time capsule of sounds, songs, and messages that would represent the Earth to any intelligent alien life that might come in contact with the crafts they called Voyager I and Voyager 2. For this American Hysteria team episode, assistant producer and sound designer (and my brother) Riley Swedelius-Smith tells producer Miranda Zickler and I about the fascinating process of creating the Voyager Golden Record, how they made the choices they did, and what they felt was important enough, understandable enough to share with hypothetical beings we probably cannot even comprehend. Become a Patron⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ to support our show and get early ad-free episodes and bonus content Or subscribe to American Hysteria on ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Apple Podcasts⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Get some of our new merch at ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠americanhysteria.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠, all profits go to The Sameer Project, a Palestinian-led mutual aid group who are on the ground in Gaza delivering food and supplies to displaced families. Leave us a message on the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Urban Legends Hotline⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Producer and Editor: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Miranda Zickler⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Associate Producer: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Riley Swedelius-Smith⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Additional editing by ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Kaylee Jasperson⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Hosted by Chelsey Weber-Smith Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Author, poet, and science communicator Diane Ackerman is our guest. Her wonderful collection of poems, with one devoted to each of the worlds in our Solar System, was first published in 1976. Carl Sagan said she had produced, “...a stunning book of poetry in The Planets. The work is scientifically accurate and even a convenient introduction to modern ideas on the planets, but much more important, it is spectacularly good poetry, clear, lyrical, and soaring. . . One of the triumphs of Ackerman’s pastoral is the demonstration of how closely compatible planetary exploration and poetry, science and art really are.” “The Planets” is now available in a brand new edition, and is as sublime, entertaining, and enlightening as it was half a century ago. Discover more at: https://www.planetary.org/planetary-radio/book-club-diane-ackermanSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

STERNENGESCHICHTEN LIVE TOUR in D und Ö: Tickets unter https://sternengeschichten.live 1961 haben sich zehn Männer an einer abgelegenen Sternwarte getroffen. Sie habe sich der "Orden des Delfins" genannt und über Aliens diskutiert. Und all das hat tatsächlich mit seriöser Wissenschaft zu tun. Mehr erfahrt ihr in der neuen Folge der Sternengeschichten. Wer den Podcast finanziell unterstützen möchte, kann das hier tun: Mit PayPal (https://www.paypal.me/florianfreistetter), Patreon (https://www.patreon.com/sternengeschichten) oder Steady (https://steadyhq.com/sternengeschichten) Sternengeschichten-Hörbuch: https://www.penguin.de/buecher/florian-freistetter-sternengeschichten/hoerbuch-mp3-cd/9783844553062

Key Takeaways & Discussion Highlights The Railroad Roots: Joey's transition from a Union Pacific engineer to a "vigilante botanist." He discusses the influence of Carl Sagan's The Demon-Haunted World and using science as a "candle in the dark" in a consumerist society. Botany for the "Jaded Working Class": Why academic botany often fails to connect with the public and why Joey targets the "cynical, maladjusted stiff" who needs the living world the most. Horticultural Atrocities: A critique of "horticultural fluff"—boxwoods, crepe myrtles, and cloned cultivars that offer no ecological value. Joey explains why he'd rather see a lawn than a line of "garbage" cultivars. The Concrete Cage & Mental Health: How our disconnection from the land and our "unwalkable sprawling excerpts" contribute to a massive mental health crisis. The Field Record: Joey's process in the wild—using iNaturalist, herbarium vouchers, and photography to document the "living machine." Geology & Evolution: An exploration of edaphic endemics (plants that grow only on specific soils like serpentine or gypsum) and how stressful geology creates new species. Disturbance Ecology: Why "weeds" are actually pioneer species and how disturbance—when understood correctly—is the engine that enables diversity. Beyond "Is it Edible?": Why the question "Can I eat it?" is the most common and least interesting way to interact with a plant. Concrete Botany: A preview of Joey's new book and his fascination with "unintentional ecology" in neglected urban spaces like railroad tracks and abandoned warehouses. Resources Mentioned Book: Concrete Botany: The Ecology of Plants in the Age of Human Disturbance (Released April 2026) YouTube/Podcast: Crime Pays But Botany Doesn't App: iNaturalist (Joey's primary tool for citizen science) Literature: The Demon-Haunted World by Carl Sagan Project: Thornscrub Sanctuary (South Texas conservation) Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Lambda lambda lambda e de volta à Lua, nerds! No NerdCast de hoje, vestimos nossos trajes espaciais para discutir a missão que marca o retorno da humanidade à vizinhança lunar: a Artemis II! Junte-se a Alottoni, Pedro Pallotta (Space Orbit), Katiucha Barcelos, Marcel Campos e Azaghal numa viagem para entender todos os desafios técnicos absurdos, os orçamentos astronômicos e os perrengues inimagináveis de colocar quatro astronautas na ponta do gigantesco foguete SLS e atirá-los rumo ao futuro da exploração lunar. Superman Day com Carlos Voltor Participe do evento neste sábado, 18 de abril, a partir das 16h, na Galeria Magalu (Conjunto Nacional - São Paulo) CITADO NO PROGRAMA NerdCast 323 - Marte, Curiosity e a Fronteira Final: https://jovemnerd.com.br/podcasts/nerdcast/nerdcast-323-marte-curiosity-e-a-fronteira-final Pálido Ponto Azul, de Carl Sagan, narrado por Guilherme Briggs: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4_tiv9v964k Flickr oficial da NASA: https://www.flickr.com/photos/nasahqphoto/ Fotos da Artemis II explicadas por Hank Green: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oaXRREHVkHo CONFIRA OS OUTROS CANAIS DO JOVEM NERD E-MAILS Mande suas críticas, elogios, sugestões e caneladas para nerdcast@jovemnerd.com.br APP JOVEM NERD: Google Play Store | Apple App Store ARTE DA VITRINE: Randall Random Baixe a versão Wallpaper da vitrine EDIÇÃO COMPLETA POR RADIOFOBIA PODCAST E MULTIMÍDIA Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices