Podcasts about Batra

Hans Rosenfeldt med en klocka och en pratglad panel. Lyssna på alla avsnitt i Sveriges Radio Play. Programledare:Hans RosenfeldtPanelen:Pia Johansson, Fredrik Lindström, Marie Göranzon, David BatraMusik: Erland von HeijneInspelning och redigering: Emilia StrömProducent: Mette GöthbergInspelat i Lilla studion på Kulturhuset den 17 februari 2025.

Christopher P. Davis says the tariffs volatility disappeared "like it never even happened." However, he tells investors to act like they're still on the table. Chris says investors can buy on dips in names they already have in their portfolio or in low-volatility stocks. Some of his picks include Dell Technologies (DELL), Howard Hughes Holdings (HHH) and the Atlanta Braves Holdings (BATRA). ======== Schwab Network ======== Empowering every investor and trader, every market day. Subscribe to the Market Minute newsletter - https://schwabnetwork.com/subscribe Download the iOS app - https://apps.apple.com/us/app/schwab-network/id1460719185 Download the Amazon Fire Tv App - https://www.amazon.com/TD-Ameritrade-Network/dp/B07KRD76C7 Watch on Sling - https://watch.sling.com/1/asset/191928615bd8d47686f94682aefaa007/watch Watch on Vizio - https://www.vizio.com/en/watchfreeplus-explore Watch on DistroTV - https://www.distro.tv/live/schwab-network/ Follow us on X – https://twitter.com/schwabnetwork Follow us on Facebook – https://www.facebook.com/schwabnetwork Follow us on LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/schwab-network/ About Schwab Network - https://schwabnetwork.com/about

Wspieraj Podcast Głowa Rządzi na https://patronite.pl/glowarzadzi W 134 odcinku podcastu Głowa Rządzi, spotkałem się z fizjologiem sportu dr Amitem Batrą, żeby po raz pierwszy w historii podcastu popatrzeć na sport okiem fizjologa. Co z tego wyszło?  Odpowiedzi na kilka ważnych pytań: ·       Czym zajmuje się fizjolog sportu? Jak może pomóc w procesie treningowym? Jak fizjologowie budują most między badaniami a praktyką? ·       Co to jest zmęczenie? ·       Jak można monitorować poziom zmęczenia? ·       Na jakie parametry zwrócić uwagę? Podaj metody / sposoby nisko- i wysokobudżetowe? ·       Parametry zmęczenia: obiektywne wyniki versus subiektywne odczucia zawodnika. Czy się pokrywają? A co jeśli nie, które ważniejsze z perspektywy procesu treningowego? ·       Czy psychologia może w jakiś sposób oszukać fizjologię? ·       Jak trenerzy mogą współpracować z fizjologiem? A jak zawodnicy? Co mogą zrobić na własną rękę? ·       Jakie jeszcze pytania psycholog powinien zadać fizjologowi? Jak może wyglądać współpraca tych dwóch specjalistów? Mam nadzieję, że ten odcinek przypadnie Ci do gustu i podasz go dalej w świat wirtualny i rzeczywisty. Piona! Do siego roku 2025!

Today's Talmud page, Bava Batra 176, brings us to the end of one of the Talmud's longest and most demanding tractates. Rabbi Dovid Bashevkin joins us to sum it all up. Why does this legalistic tractate contain a collection of wild stories about the Jewish Sinbad, and what do they teach us about coexistence? Listen and find out.

For the text of the Hadran ceremony, click here. For more information about What is a Siyum, click here Siyum Masechet Bava Batra is sponsored by Lesley Glassberg Nadel in loving memory of her father Bernie Glassberg, Berel ben Herschel haLevi, whose 50th yahrzeit is Kislev 17 - May his memory be blessed.

In the case of one who wrote an IOU document in his own handwriting, without witnesses, then the collection can only take place from unencumbered property -- even if that same IOU was later ratified in court. A bill of divorce is brought in the attempt to argue that such a document should function as a complete IOU and be able to collect from property that has a lien on it. Though the Gemara highlights the differences in the cases instead of accepting the argument. Also, in the case of needing the collect (and pay back) the guarantor... to avoid being strangled. With praise going to one sage, even though the halakhic decision is not according to him -- because the process of halakhic thinking is part of what is needed.

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Today's Talmud page, Bava Batra 175, warns us that people will always try to make themselves appear poorer than they are so as to receive a bit more money. But as one of the Torah's greatest heroes, Jacob, teaches us, it's far healthier to do just the opposite. Why is Jacob's mantra "I have become small," and why should we, too, adopt it? Listen and find out.

Study Guide Bava Batra 155 If one says on one's deathbed that money is owed to someone - is that statement believed or should we assume that the person was only trying to make it look like their children do not have a lot of money? Would the same apply in a case where all the money was dedicated to the Temple rather than to the person's children? Can an heir claim that even though their bequeather may have said they owed someone money, they subsequently said they had paid them back? In what case are they believed and in what case are they not believed? What are the differences between a loan with a contract and a loan with an oral agreement? One who has a loan with a document can collect from liened property that has been sold, but an oral loan can only be collected from free (unsold) property. If a guarantor signs after the loan takes place, can one collect from the guarantor, and if so, are there any limitations? Is the property of a borrower liened to the creditor by Torah law or by rabbinic law? Raba and Ulla each take sides on this debate. Rav and Shmuel disagree with Rabbi Yochanan and Reish Lakish whether an oral loan can be collected from orphans or from purchasers. Rav Papa comes up with a unique ruling - not fully matching either position, as he saw a need in society to prevent creditors from refusing to loan money and to prevent a breakdown in the market where buyers are hesitant to purchase land.  

Returning to the person on his deathbed -- what about liability incurred by a person in these circumstances? What are the implications of his status for how the funds/property can be collected? Note that the witness factor is significantly diminished because of that deathbed status. Also, a new mishnah! (the last mishnah of the tractate) One who lends via a document can collect from "encumbered property" - that which has a lien on it. And again, what is the role of the guarantor? Plus, the value of studying these laws of property, in accord with Torah requirements. Also, the Gemara's analysis of when the loan can be paid back from encumbered property and when not -- it's a machloket! Between Ullah and Rabbah with regard to which approach is the Torah law. Plus, the exceptions made are done so out of concern for, on the one hand, the customers, and on the other, the borrowers.

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Source Sheet

Today's Talmud pages, Bava Batra 173 and 174, give us a stunning example of a very famous rabbi advocating what at first sounds like a complete violation of his own teaching, advising a friend to defraud his own father. But the advice is much more soulful than that, delivering a masterclass on the relationship between love and law. What is the ultimate purpose of rules and regulations, and what does it have to do with our families? Listen and find out.

Study Guide Bava Batra 174 Areivut and kablanut are two different methods of guaranteeing a loan. What is the difference between them? There are several different opinions about which language indicates one or the other. One's land acts as a guarantee for a loan and therefore the creditor cannot directly collect from the borrower's land before demanding repayment from the borrower. If a guarantor pays a debt on behalf of orphans for their father's debt, and then goes to get repaid from the orphans, they do not need to pay the money back until they are bar mitzva age. Two reasons are brought - what is the practical difference between them? A guarantor for a ketuba different than a guarantor for a loan - in what way and why?

More on the guarantor -- distinguishing between a regular one and a "kablan guarantor." So, here, the halakhic concept becomes a halakhic category, with variations that have ramifications. How, then, does one collect money from a guarantor. Plus, a guarantor for a loan from a creditor who is not Jewish. Plus, a guarantor for a wife's ketubah funds. Also, a concrete case of using a ketubah guarantor as a means of finding the funds for the young couple (remarried) -- but such shenanigans!

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This week’s learning is sponsored by Robert and Paula Cohen in loving memory of my grandfather, Joseph Cohen, Yosef ben Moshe HaCohen, z”l. “My grandfather was hard working, loved to sing, especially as a chazan, and brought up his family to be strongly committed to Judaism.”  If two people have the same name, can they collect from other people if we cannot be sure that the document in their hand is really their own? It can be inferred from our Mishna that they can collect, but a braita rules that they cannot. The root of the debate is either regarding whether documents can be acquired by passing them from one to the other (otiyot niknot b'mesira) or perhaps both hold that they can, but the root of the debate is whether one needs to prove the document was passed to them from the other. Rava and Abaye debated the latter issue and a braita is quoted from which each one tries to prove his position. Another braita rules against both the Mishna and the previously quoted braita, holding that two people with the same name can pull out a loan document one on the other. The root of the debate is whether or not a borrower can have a scribe draft a promissory note not in the presence of the creditor. If it can be done, one can pretend to be the borrower, draft the note, and then use it to collect from the other. If a person tells one's children on their deathbed that one of their promissory notes in their possession is already collected, the children cannot claim any of the loans, as the burden of proof is on the one who collects. If there are two promissory notes for the same person, they can collect the one with the smaller amount. When one has a loan with a guarantor, can the creditor collect from the guarantor? If so, under what circumstances? What is the source from the Tanach for the responsibility of a guarantor? At first, they try to learn it from Yehuda and Reuven, when they each promised to take responsibility for bringing Binyamin to Egypt, but that source is rejected and instead, verses from Proverbs 20:16 and Proverbs 6:1-3 are used as the source. Ameimar views a guarantor's commitment as asmachta (a commitment that the guarantor never really meant to keep) and would then be a subject of debate between Rabbi Yosi and Rabbi Yehuda if it is a valid commitment. Rav Ashi rejects this explanation and explains why it is not viewed as asmachta.

More on people who have the same name -- and a need for a scribe to write an IOU -- with a third approach to making the deal work, including, if both parties are present at the scribe. Also, a new mishnah! When one of many (or even 2) IOUs has been paid back - and the holder of them doesn't know which of them is paid back -- the mishnah says to act stringently, to ensure nobody would be paying back twice. Also, another new mishnah! On the role of a guarantor - and how one might cheat via the guarantor, or cheat him. But what if the original signatory has the funds to pay? Plus, the supporting story of Benjamin and the cup in leaving the halls of Egypt (for a different kind of guarantor), including a biblical prooftext.

On the ways to write documents, especially those used to effect transfer -- including if the document is written in a different place from that actual transfer of property. Plus, the scribe's responsibility not only with regard to the writing of the words, but also to the writing of it. Also, a new mishnah! A case of two brothers: 1 wealthy, 1 poor. Their father leaves them property that was used to make a profit. Plus, the case of two parties with the same name -- for example, Yosef bar Shimon.... Also, an incident about a document attesting to a lender borrowing funds, but there's no identifying name for the creditor. Which would cause a whole host of problems if the document itself were treated as valid (which it just might be, if there were witnesses).

Today's Talmud pages, Bava Batra 171 and 172, ask how to go about doing business with two people who have the same name. How to keep the records straight? And what did the rabbis understand about the human brain that took neuroscientists millennia to unlock? Listen and find out.

Today's daf is sponsored by Meir and Ahuva Balofsky in loving memory of Ahuva's grandmother, Basia Chava bat Yirmiyahu, on her shloshim, and in honor of their son Moshe's engagement to Maya Wind. "May Bubbie Chava's legacy carry on in this auspicious new beginning."  Today's daf is sponsored by Sigal Spitzer in loving memory of her Grandma "GG" Rhoda, Raizel Bat Gital, whose first yahrzeit is today. "I love you and miss you. May her neshama have an aliyah."  Today's daf is sponsored by David and Mitzi Geffen in loving memory of Mitzi's father, Jack Lock, of Harrisburg PA, who passed away four years ago. "He was so proud that all four of his children made aliya to Israel, and that his “tribe” grew during his lifetime to nearly 100 family members, spanning three generations (now four!) all in Israel. He was a generous and loving husband, father, grandfather, uncle, and brother who is sorely missed."  When a borrower pays back part of a loan, two tannaitic opinions are proposed to prevent the creditor from attempting to collect the full original amount. Rabbi Yehuda suggests writing an entirely new loan document that reflects the reduced outstanding balance, replacing the original document to ensure clarity about the remaining debt. Rabbi Yosi recommends creating a receipt that the borrower keeps as proof of partial payment, serving as evidence that a portion of the loan has already been repaid and protecting the borrower from potential future claims. Rav diverges from both opinions, requiring a new document to be written specifically by the court and pre-dated to the original loan's date. This position is challenged by a braita that allows witnesses to rewrite and predate the document. However, Rav maintains his stance, arguing that witnesses lack the court's authority to create a lien on the buyer's property from the original date. Rabbi Yehuda and Rabbi Yosi also disagree about post-dated documents, specifically in cases where the post-dating is not explicitly clear. Rabbi Yehuda's position stems from his earlier view that receipts cannot be written, thus allowing post-dating as it cannot lead to deceit. Rabbi Yosi, who permits writing receipts, warns that a receipt pre-dating the post-dated document could potentially enable the creditor to collect on the loan twice. A broader question emerges regarding receipts: Are they applicable only for partial loan payments or also for fully paid loans? The conclusive view is that if a creditor claims a lost document cannot be torn, they may demand payment upon providing a receipt to the borrower. This approach is justified by the creditor's initial act of kindness in providing the loan. A Mishna in Shviit 10:5 distinguishes between pre-dated and post-dated documents. Since documents create property liens, pre-dated documents are disqualified for incorrectly placing liens on lands sold after the document's date. Post-dated documents, however, are acceptable. Rav Hamnuna limits post-dating to loan documents but raises concerns about post-dated bills of sale that could facilitate deception. He warns that a seller could repurchase land before the sale date, and the buyer might then use the deed to prove incorrect ownership. When questioned about why similar concerns do not apply to loans, the Gemara suggests that Rav Hamnuna must not permit receipts. Subsequently, post-dated documents became permitted, and people were also writing receipts. To prevent potential deceit, Rabbi Abba advised his scribes that when they wrote post-dated documents they should add to the document that it was post-dated, while Rav Safra suggested avoiding dating the receipts.

Rava and Rav made suggestions to scribes how to avoid writing documents that could raise suspicion of not being fully truthful. Rava did not allow a creditor to trade in promissory notes of large amounts to be divided in half, or two notes to be combined into one for the combined amount, as there is concern for deceit. Rav Ashi did not permit a credit even to trade a promissory note for a large amount into a smaller amount as also that could be used to cheat the borrower. If two brothers inherited an item, such as a bathhouse or an olive press that was more useful to one than the other, as one was wealthy and had more household members or more produce, can the poor brother have a claim on the rich brother? On what does it depend? What rules apply to documents when there are two people with the same name in the town? Is there a way to avoid confusion? And if not, what documents can/can't be collected? A person came into court before Rav Huna with a docuemnts that said that a certain person borrowed money from "him" and the "him" was not mentioned by name. Can the person holding the document collect it? Can the court assume that since it is in his possession, he is the one who the "him" is referring to? Rav Huna ruled that he could not collect the money, but Raba ruled that he could. On what basis? How does it relate to the case in the Mishna with two people with the same name?

Everyone agrees that if the date of an IOU is the date of a Shabbat or Yom Kippur, the given assumption is that the document was post-dated, with some occasions that - despite this apparent exceptions that are the subject of a dispute between Rabbi Yehudah and Rabbi Yossi. Also, other cases of bills being dated to some future date, after the funds for that bill becoming available -- presumably for financial flexibility.

Today's Talmud page, Bava Batra 170, offers a small but inspiring meditation on the true meaning of the justice system, warning us not to forget that every machination we set up must first and foremost serve human beings, flawed as they may be. What should our algorithm-addled and bureaucratic modern society learn from the ancient rabbis about making people feel seen and heard before the law? Listen and find out.

Study Guide Bava Batra 170 This week's learning is sponsored by Audrey Mondrow in loving memory of Irving “poppy” Mauskopf, Yechezchel Ben Rachel and Abraham, whose yahrzeit is tomorrow. "A person of complete emuna that always had a smile for everyone. It is an honor and privilege to be his daughter. May his neshama have an aliya." Today’s daf is sponsored by David and Mitzi Geffen in loving memory of Mitzi’s brother, Jerry Lock of Efrat, who passed away five years ago. “He was the first in the family to make Aliyah to Israel and was a loving husband, father, grandfather, uncle, and brother who is sorely missed.”  Today's daf is sponsored by Naomi and Adam Ferziger in loving memory of Naomi’s father David Weiss, Chaim Ze’ev Ben Yoel and Pessel on his 12th yahrzeit. "He was a Holocaust survivor, kind, generous, with a good sense of humor, devoted to family and community." A braita is brought regarding one who comes to court claiming one has proof of ownership of the land both in the form of a deed and a chazaka (lived on the land for 3 years without the owner protesting). There is a debate between Rebbi and Rashbag about whether one needs to bring the deed or the chazaka as proof (or either or). The Gemara brings five explanations as to what the case is and what is the root of the debate. The first explanation contradicted the conclusion of the previous section regarding the debate between Rashbag and the rabbis about whether or not a document can be acquired by passing it on to another. That led to the impetus to find other explanations to the debate. If one pays back half of a loan – what is done to ensure the creditor won’t try to collect the entire amount later by bringing the original document? Rabbi Yehuda holds that we write a new document. Rabbi Yosi says that we write a receipt that the borrower keeps to prove that part was already paid back.

Today's Talmud page, Bava Batra 169, looks at the connection between a written contract and the actual thing you're buying. Should you have to return your Toyota, say, if you happen to simply misplace the lease? And, if not, do words on contracts have any meaning at all? Listen and find out.

Today's daf is sponsored by Diana Bloom in loving memory of her Bobe, Ita Rosa Sonabend on her 30th yartzheit. Today's daf is sponsored by Chemed Tov in honor of Tzila Goldberg's 102 birthday! If one lost a document of sale, can the buyer request that a new document be written to replace the old one? If the document includes a guarantee, there is a concern that the buyer may pull out the old document later and claim land from two different properties of the buyer that were sold to others. There are two suggestions as to the details of the case in which we would be concerned for this type of deceit. The first is rejected. After explaining the details of the situation, the rabbis inferred from here that a shovar, receipt, is not written as if it were, writing a receipt could have neutralized the concern for deceit. However, this inference is rejected in two different ways. Two very basic disagreements are discussed - is a guarantee a basic part of any sale - meaning that if it isn't written in the document does one assume that it was sold with a guarantee? Does passing on a deed of sale to another affect a kinyan - is the item acquired by the receiver, even though the name on the deed does not match that of the receiver (otiyot niknot b'mesira)?

Today's Talmud page, Bava Batra 168, issues an incredible instruction: In some earthly matters, Torah scholars should turn and seek help from their bitterest foes, the ignoramuses. Why are experts so frequently wrong? And what can the Talmud teach us about forging a society that focuses not on equity but on excellence? Listen and find out.

Today's daf is sponsored by Miriam Benson in loving memory of her mother, Evelyn Benson, Yocheved bat Avram Leiv v'Chaya Batya. "She died on October 20th, 2024 at the age of 100. She was a wonderful mother and role model. I miss her terribly and am deeply grateful for her life. How lucky I am to have a mom such as this mom." Why did the Mishna need to specify which side needs to pay for the document in each case - is it not obvious? The Gemara brings explanations for each case. The Mishna explains that if one pays back part of a loan and both sides agree to give the document to a third party (instead of writing a receipt that part was paid) and the borrower declares, "I will the balance by a particular date and if not, return the document to the creditor," there is a debate about whether or not the creditor can claim the whole amount (if the loan is not paid back on time). This is a case of asmachta, an exaggerated claim, and Rabbi Yosi and the rabbis disagree about whether asmachta is valid or not. Even though Rav and Rabbi Yochanan held by Rabbi Yosi, that asmachta is valid, the Gemara ruled that we do not rule that way. If a document is erased/partially erased, if witnesses can testify that they saw the document, they can write a new document testifying to the validity of the erased one. How does one treat a torn document - under what circumstances is it valid? If one claims a document is lost, can a new one be written instead? 

Today's Talmud pages, Bava Batra 166 and 167, discuss a dastardly bit of forgery and its subsequent investigation. The Presidentischer Rav Tevi Troy returns to the show to discuss how different presidential administrations have investigated leaks, and how some of these leakers composed their messages in language that would throw suspicion onto their rivals. How has forgery and leaking changed since the days of the Talmud? Listen and find out.

Today's daf is sponsored by Gila Pollack in loving memory of her father, Moshe Pollack, on his 7th yahrzeit. "He is missed greatly by all his children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren." Abaye suggests never to sign at the bottom of a blank page, someone can forge a document by adding a line saying that the person who signed borrowed money from them. Since a document signed by the borrower is admissible in court and can be collected from 'free' (not liened) property, this forged document could be used. Abaye also suggests not to put numbers from three to ten at the end of a line as the letters yud and nun can be added to turn 3 into 30, 4 into 40, and so forth. Two cases were brought before Abaye where one erased part of a letter or added a letter to change the document's meaning. As this messed up the spacing, Abaye realized the issue and forced the one who tampered with the document to confess. In another case, someone forged Rava's signature and Rava realized it was forged as his name appeared before Rav Acha bar Ada, the other witness, and since Rav Acha was more senior, Rava never would have signed before him, out of respect. The Mishna lists several cases of documents written for arrangements between two people. In each case, the Mishna explains who can write the document not in the presence of the other, and who cannot. It also explains who is the one obligated to pay for the document to be written. The first case listed regards a get, divorce document, and a receipt that the woman received her ketuba money. The Mishna adds that the scribe must recognize them to ensure that the person will not pass the document to someone else to use for collecting money. The reason for this is that the man can the get written not for himself but to give to a different woman to claim her ketuba money, even though she may still be married and the woman can get a receipt written to give to a different man who can claim he already paid his wife her ketuba money. Rav explains that the need for the scribe to recognize is for the man for the get and the woman for the receipt for the reason described above. However, some rabbis were sitting with Abaye and questioned why Rav did not require the scribe to recognize both, since even if the scribe knows the man/woman, it is still possible the man will pass it to a woman/man married to a man/woman with the same name? Abaye responds that Rav actually required the scribe to know them both. However, there is still a possibility that the man/woman can pass the document on to someone who has the same name as their wife/husband and the spouse has the same name as them. That possibility is avoided by a ruling that if two couples in the same town share the same names, they can only get divorced in the presence of both couples.

Today's daf is sponsored by Judy Shapiro in loving memory of her father Albert Tychman, z"l on his 17th yahrzeit. "He would love that on this day of his yahrzeit, my husband and I are enroute to Israel to visit our daughter and her family. He was very proud of all his grandchildren." Today's daf is sponsored by Lesley Glassberg Nadel in loving memory of her sister Ruth Lewis, Rachel bar Berel haLevi v'Tova, whose yahrzeit is Kislev 7. "May her memory be blessed." Today's daf is sponsored by Shira Dishon in memory of her son, Eitan Ben Shira, hy"d, on his first yahrzeit. 'Eitan was a student at the Kiryat Shmona Yeshiva, which he loved so much. In a wonderfully symbolic way, a day after the memorial, the Kiryat Shmona Yeshiva, which was evacuated to the center of the country for more than a year, returns to Kiryat Shmona with joy and dancing. Surely Eitan will join the joyful dancing from above." The Gemara continues to examine the details of a braita discussing different interpretations of unclear language in a document regarding dinarim, specifically whether the document was referring to silver or gold dinarim. In resolving a difficulty with the braita, a distinction is drawn between 'dinarei' (gold) and 'dinarim' (silver). To further support this distinction, a Mishna in Keritut is cited, which describes how Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel modified a law, relating to the sacrifices of a mother who had given birth and a zava, to break the market price on birds that had risen to an astronomical level. The Mishna explains a principle regarding document interpretation: when there is a contradiction between the text at the top and bottom of a document, the bottom text is followed. This is based on the assumption that the change was intentional, reflecting a deliberate modification by the seller or creditor. The purpose of writing the top section is to assist in deciphering any missing letters or numbers in the bottom section. A braita further qualifies this principle, limiting such corrections to a single letter or number. If two letters or numbers are changed, it would be interpreted as a deliberate modification from the document's outset, and the text at the end would be followed or perhaps the document would be deemed invalid. In a specific case, a document came before the court stating "six hundred and one zuz." The precise denomination of the six hundred was unclear. Abaye ruled that it did not refer to prutot, as large numbers of prutot are typically not written in documents but are converted to larger denominations. Given the remaining possibilities of sela (four dinarim) coins or zuzim (one dinar), Abaye ruled to follow the lesser amount. This decision was based on the principle that the party holding the document has a weaker position and cannot demand money from the other side without clear proof.

Today's Talmud pages, Bava Batra 164 and 165, caution us not to erase a document after it's been signed and try to write a new one in its stead. What does this seemingly mundane bit of legalese have to do with baseball? And why is it the most Jewish sport imaginable? Listen and find out.

If, as Rav holds, a document comes before the court that has been completely erased and written over and signed, it is acceptable, why is there not a concern that the text was erased a second time and the signatures of the witness were on a version that was erased? The reason is that it is noticeable if a document is erased once or twice. To answer a follow-up question about another concern for forgery, Abaye also explains that if witnesses are to sign on an erased document, they must also be present when the document is erased. A difficulty is raised against Rav's ruling from a braita, but is resolved. However, two difficulties are raised against the resolution but are resolved as well. On a tied document (get mekushar) the dating system differed from a regular document. Based on that, Rabbi Chanina ben Gamliel's opinion in the Mishna is questioned by Rabbi Yehuda haNasi as he said that a tied document can be turned into a straight one and if the dating system is different, that could lead to issues of one collecting a debt that has already been repaid. How can this be resolved? Other issues regarding the dating system are discussed which include references to the Greek numbering system. In the context of a story showing that Rabbi Yehuda haNasi was not familiar with a tied document, he reprimands his son for speaking lashon hara. The Gemara digresses to discuss different types of lashon hara, some of which include just speaking about a person, not even saying something negative, or even complimenting someone. This is called avak lashon hara, as it can lead to lashon hara. Rav Amram in the name of Rav explains that three sins are unavoidable daily - having sinful thoughts, thoughts during prayer, and lashon hara. As it is difficult to say that people daily speak negatively about others, Rav's words are explained to be referring to avak lashon hara.  

Today's daf is sponsored by Leah Caroline in loving memory of her brother Baruch Binyamin z”l ben Tzvi Thaler on his shloshim. "Baruch encouraged my learning and often asked where I was up to in the Gemara. We all miss you very much." When Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel said in the Mishna "it goes by the local custom" what did he mean? In what case does he disagree with the tana kamma? Abaye categorizes Rashbag's opinion with two other rabbis who ruled in different cases based on the same approach.  Why does the Mishna need to specify that one witness in a get pashut is invalid - isn't that obvious? Two answers are brought. According to one answer, the case is where there is one witness on the document and one who is not signed on the document but testifies about what is written in the document. There is a debate about whether or not this case is valid. Abaye ruled that it is invalid, which Ameimar ruled that it is valid. Ameimar brings proof from a question that was asked to Rabbi Yirmia and on account of his answer, he was permitted to reenter the Beit Midrash after being kicked out. There are four versions regarding the question they asked Rabbi Yirmia.  The Mishna discusses cases where there is a contradiction in the amount of money mentioned in the document.  Depending on the situation, there are different ways of deciding which amount is "correct." What is done if the amount of money is not specified, but just the coin, or just "silver" or "gold"? 

Today's Talmud page, Bava Batra 163, continues the tractate's discussion of documents, signatures, and forgeries. But it also delivers a surprising and potent meditation on true freedom, and on how to live authentically. What's the great lesson Abraham taught us about keeping it real? Listen and find out. Like the show? Subscribe to our weekly newsletter. Send us a note at takeone@tabletmag.com. Follow us on Twitter at @takeonedafyomi and join the conversation in the Take One Facebook group. We think that you may also enjoy Liel's new book How the Talmud Can Change Your Life: Surprisingly Modern Advice from a Very Old Book, available directly from the publisher, or wherever you purchase books. Listen to the Testimonies Archive, a partnership between Tablet Studios and the USC Shoah Foundation, for eyewitness audio accounts from Israel in the wake of the Oct 7 Hamas attacks. Check out all of Tablet's podcasts at tabletmag.com/podcasts.

A braita established that one can leave one blank line in a document before the signatures, but not two. Several issues are raised regarding the lines discussed. Is it two lines with a space above and below and if so, how much? What size font - the size of a scribe or the size of witnesses? Rav and Rabbi Yochanan disagree about whether one can leave a space between the witnesses' signatures and the judges' ratification. Rav says more space can be left than before the witnesses's signature and Rabbi Yochanan says no space can be left. The Gemara is concerned according to each interpretation for possible forgeries and discusses why there is no concern and if there is, how it can be detected.

Today's Talmud page, Bava Batra 162, deals mainly with how to make sure your documents aren't forged. But as the history of philosophy teaches us, sometimes a little fakery is necessary for brilliant ideas to break through. Who was the great thinker Johannes de Silentio, and how come you've never heard of him yet know his work? Listen and find out. Like the show? Subscribe to our weekly newsletter. Send us a note at takeone@tabletmag.com. Follow us on Twitter at @takeonedafyomi and join the conversation in the Take One Facebook group. We think that you may also enjoy Liel's new book How the Talmud Can Change Your Life: Surprisingly Modern Advice from a Very Old Book, available directly from the publisher, or wherever you purchase books. Listen to the Testimonies Archive, a partnership between Tablet Studios and the USC Shoah Foundation, for eyewitness audio accounts from Israel in the wake of the Oct 7 Hamas attacks. Check out all of Tablet's podcasts at tabletmag.com/podcasts.

Today's Talmud page, Bava Batra 161, gives us what may very well be the first ever documented appearance of... emoji. Why did some rabbis sign their names using pictograms? And how can emoji sometimes succeed where all words fail? Listen and find out. Like the show? Subscribe to our weekly newsletter. Send us a note at takeone@tabletmag.com. Follow us on Twitter at @takeonedafyomi and join the conversation in the Take One Facebook group. We think that you may also enjoy Liel's new book How the Talmud Can Change Your Life: Surprisingly Modern Advice from a Very Old Book, available directly from the publisher, or wherever you purchase books. Listen to the Testimonies Archive, a partnership between Tablet Studios and the USC Shoah Foundation, for eyewitness audio accounts from Israel in the wake of the Oct 7 Hamas attacks. Check out all of Tablet's podcasts at tabletmag.com/podcasts.

Today's Talmud pages, Bava Batra 159 and 160, contain a ruling that the Talmud considers one of the most difficult cases of civil law. What can it teach us about family? And was Don Corleone really living out some core Talmudic values? Listen and find out. Like the show? Subscribe to our weekly newsletter. Send us a note at takeone@tabletmag.com. Follow us on Twitter at @takeonedafyomi and join the conversation in the Take One Facebook group. We think that you may also enjoy Liel's new book How the Talmud Can Change Your Life: Surprisingly Modern Advice from a Very Old Book, available directly from the publisher, or wherever you purchase books. Listen to the Testimonies Archive, a partnership between Tablet Studios and the USC Shoah Foundation, for eyewitness audio accounts from Israel in the wake of the Oct 7 Hamas attacks. Check out all of Tablet's podcasts at tabletmag.com/podcasts.

Today's Talmud pages, Bava Batra 155, 156, 157, and 158, usher us into Thanksgiving. Rabbi Dovid Bashevkin joins us to explain the strange but undeniable connection between America's favorite holiday and one of the Talmud's most demanding tractates. Why is Bava Batra perfect Thanksgiving reading? Listen and find out. Like the show? Subscribe to our weekly newsletter. Send us a note at takeone@tabletmag.com. Follow us on Twitter at @takeonedafyomi and join the conversation in the Take One Facebook group. We think that you may also enjoy Liel's new book How the Talmud Can Change Your Life: Surprisingly Modern Advice from a Very Old Book, available directly from the publisher, or wherever you purchase books. Listen to the Testimonies Archive, a partnership between Tablet Studios and the USC Shoah Foundation, for eyewitness audio accounts from Israel in the wake of the Oct 7 Hamas attacks. Check out all of Tablet's podcasts at tabletmag.com/podcasts.

Today's Talmud page, Bava Batra 154, delivers a key lesson in political philosophy disguised as a meditation on inheritance. What's the real difference between conservatives and progressives? And why do both do best when they walk hand in hand? Listen and find out. Like the show? Subscribe to our weekly newsletter. Send us a note at takeone@tabletmag.com. Follow us on Twitter at @takeonedafyomi and join the conversation in the Take One Facebook group. We think that you may also enjoy Liel's new book How the Talmud Can Change Your Life: Surprisingly Modern Advice from a Very Old Book, available directly from the publisher, or wherever you purchase books. Listen to the Testimonies Archive, a partnership between Tablet Studios and the USC Shoah Foundation, for eyewitness audio accounts from Israel in the wake of the Oct 7 Hamas attacks. Check out all of Tablet's podcasts at tabletmag.com/podcasts.

Today's Talmud pages, Bava Batra 152 and 153, the rabbis continue to contemplate our wishes as we lay dying. Rabbi Dovid Bashevkin joins us to talk about the Kittel, the special white and shroud-like garment when we wear not only as we're buried, but also for special festivals like Passover and Yom Kippur. Why wear the same outfit on the saddest and happiest of occasions? Listen and find out. Like the show? Subscribe to our weekly newsletter. Send us a note at takeone@tabletmag.com. Follow us on Twitter at @takeonedafyomi and join the conversation in the Take One Facebook group. We think that you may also enjoy Liel's new book How the Talmud Can Change Your Life: Surprisingly Modern Advice from a Very Old Book, available directly from the publisher, or wherever you purchase books. Listen to the Testimonies Archive, a partnership between Tablet Studios and the USC Shoah Foundation, for eyewitness audio accounts from Israel in the wake of the Oct 7 Hamas attacks. Check out all of Tablet's podcasts at tabletmag.com/podcasts.

Today's Talmud pages, Bava Batra 150 and 151, are a touching tribute to the sanctification of life. Rabbi Dovid Bashevkin joins us to explain the concept of a Shechiv Mera, a person on his deathbed, and why we should pay special attention to his final wishes. What can these deathbed decisions teach us about the meaning of life? Listen and find out. Like the show? Subscribe to our weekly newsletter. Send us a note at takeone@tabletmag.com. Follow us on Twitter at @takeonedafyomi and join the conversation in the Take One Facebook group. We think that you may also enjoy Liel's new book How the Talmud Can Change Your Life: Surprisingly Modern Advice from a Very Old Book, available directly from the publisher, or wherever you purchase books. Listen to the Testimonies Archive, a partnership between Tablet Studios and the USC Shoah Foundation, for eyewitness audio accounts from Israel in the wake of the Oct 7 Hamas attacks. Check out all of Tablet's podcasts at tabletmag.com/podcasts.