Noggin - The Simple Psychology Podcast

Can you recall an experience where you were so in the zone doing something that time was flying by? That is a flow experience, which is the topic of today's episode. We discuss what a flow experience is, how to achieve it, and how it can help your life. References: Jackson, S. (1995). Factors influencing the occurrence of flow state in elite athletes. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 7, 138–166. Payne, B. R., Jackson, J. J., Noh, S. R., & Stine-Morrow, E. A. L. (2011). In the zone: Flow state and cognition in older adults. Psychology and Aging, 26(3), 738–743. Nakamura, J., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2014). The concept of flow. In Flow and the foundations of positive psychology (pp. 239-263). Springer, Dordrecht. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/noggin-psychologypodcast/message

How are you feeling right now? Today we discuss the benefits of naming the emotions we are currently experiencing. Spoiler alert: We talk about "Inside Out". References: Kircanski, K., Lieberman, M. D., & Craske, M. G. (2012). Feelings into words: Contributions of language to exposure therapy. Psychological science, 23(10), 1086-1091. Vlasenko, V. V., Rogers, E. G., & Waugh, C. E. (2021). Affect labelling increases the intensity of positive emotions. Cognition and Emotion, 35(7), 1350-1364. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/noggin-psychologypodcast/message

Family curses? Paris is the capital of France? Naps? Today we discuss how sleep affects declarative and motor memory. References: Walker, M. P., Brakefield, T., Morgan, A., Hobson, J. A., & Stickgold, R. (2002). Practice with sleep makes perfect: sleep-dependent motor skill learning. Neuron, 35(1), 205-211. Tucker, M. A., Hirota, Y., Wamsley, E. J., Lau, H., Chaklader, A., & Fishbein, W. (2006). A daytime nap containing solely non-REM sleep enhances declarative but not procedural memory. Neurobiology of learning and memory, 86(2), 241-247. Nishida, M., & Walker, M. P. (2007). Daytime naps, motor memory consolidation and regionally specific sleep spindles. PloS one, 2(4), e341. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/noggin-psychologypodcast/message

Do you ever feel like you're living your life on autopilot? Today we discuss savoring and how to enjoy life in a more mindful way. References: Jose, P. E., Lim, B. T., & Bryant, F. B. (2012). Does savoring increase happiness? A daily diary study. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 7(3), 176-187. Quoidbach, J., Berry, E. V., Hansenne, M., & Mikolajczak, M. (2010). Positive emotion regulation and well-being: Comparing the impact of eight savoring and dampening strategies. Personality and individual differences, 49(5), 368-373. https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1933/01/three-days-to-see/371679/ Mybestself101.org --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/message

The news often talks about how social media is destroying our lives, relationships, and mental health. But is that really the case? In today's episode, we talk about research that attempts to answer this question. References: Coyne, S. M., Rogers, A. A., Zurcher, J. D., Stockdale, L., & Booth, M. (2020). Does time spent using social media impact mental health?: An eight year longitudinal study. Computers in Human Behavior, 104, 106160. Orben, A., & Przybylski, A. K. (2019). The association between adolescent well-being and digital technology use. Nature human behaviour, 3(2), 173-182. Huang, C. (2017). Time spent on social network sites and psychological well-being: A meta-analysis. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 20(6), 346-354. Barasch, A., Diehl, K., & Zauberman, G. (2014). When happiness shared is happiness halved: how taking photos to share with others affects experiences and memories. ACR North American Advances. Diehl, K., Zauberman, G., & Barasch, A. (2016). How taking photos increases enjoyment of experiences. Journal of personality and social psychology, 111(2), 119. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/message

Welcome to Season 2 of Noggin - The Simple Psychology Podcast! McKay and Ben have been hard at work (and also relaxing hard over break) creating new episodes to share with you all and we are finally back! Today we discuss research looking at what goes on inside your brain when you feel pain, when you see someone you love in pain, and what that means for you and your relationships. References: Singer, T., Seymour, B., O'doherty, J., Kaube, H., Dolan, R. J., & Frith, C. D. (2004). Empathy for pain involves the affective but not sensory components of pain. Science, 303(5661), 1157-1162. Goldstein, P., Weissman-Fogel, I., Dumas, G., & Shamay-Tsoory, S. G. (2018). Brain-to-brain coupling during handholding is associated with pain reduction. Proceedings of the national academy of sciences, 115(11), E2528-E2537. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/message

Have you ever been really excited to buy something, only to feel extremely underwhelmed by the satisfaction this thing gives you shortly after purchasing it? Have you ever experienced a negative change in your life that you thought would impact you more negatively than it did? Our body's natural tendency to "get used" to things involves something called hedonic adaptation. We've discussed this on the show before, but we thought it deserved its own episode. So, today we discuss what the research says about how to maximize our well-being by not "getting used" to the good things in our life. Note: We recorded this episode the day before the World Cup match between the US and The Netherlands. Spoiler alert: The US lost. References: Wu, S. (2001). Adapting to heart conditions: A test of the hedonic treadmill. Journal of Health Economics, 20(4), 495-507. Sheldon, K. M., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2012). The challenge of staying happier: Testing the hedonic adaptation prevention model. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 38(5), 670-680. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/message

Sit back, relax, and enjoy this breathing meditation. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/message

In honor of Thanksgiving, we discuss the benefits of being grateful according to the research. In that spirit of gratitude, thank you for listening to our podcast! We are honored that you spend time listening to us. References: The How of Happiness - Sonya Lyubomirsky Emmons, R. A., & McCullough, M. E. (2003). Counting blessings versus burdens: an experimental investigation of gratitude and subjective well-being in daily life. Journal of personality and social psychology, 84(2), 377. McCullough, M. E., Emmons, R. A., & Tsang, J. A. (2002). The grateful disposition: a conceptual and empirical topography. Journal of personality and social psychology, 82(1), 112. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/message

In honor of everyone's sleep/wake schedule being disrupted because of daylight saving time ending, we thought it would be a good idea to talk about our body's rhythms and cycles. We discuss what is helpful and what is not helpful for our body's rhythms. References: Fernandez, D. C., Fogerson, P. M., Ospri, L. L., Thomsen, M. B., Layne, R. M., Severin, D., ... & Hattar, S. (2018). Light affects mood and learning through distinct retina-brain pathways. Cell, 175(1), 71-84. Reppert, S. M., & Weaver, D. R. (2002). Coordination of circadian timing in mammals. Nature, 418(6901), 935-941. Bonmati-Carrion, M. A., Revell, V. L., Cook, T. J., Welch, T. R., Rol, M. A., Skene, D. J., & Madrid, J. A. (2020). Living Without Temporal Cues: A Case Study. Frontiers in Physiology, 11. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/message

Mindfulness is something that comes up a lot in the psychological world. But what is it? How is it practiced? What kind of benefits can it have? These are some of the questions we answer about mindfulness in today's episode.  References:  Steffen, P. R., & Larson, M. J. (2015). A brief mindfulness exercise reduces cardiovascular reactivity during a laboratory stressor paradigm. Mindfulness, 6(4), 803-811. Basso, J. C., McHale, A., Ende, V., Oberlin, D. J., & Suzuki, W. A. (2019). Brief, daily meditation enhances attention, memory, mood, and emotional regulation in non-experienced meditators. Behavioural brain research, 356, 208-220. mybestself101.org  --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/message

We are back with another full episode this week! We hope you have enjoyed our meditation bonus episodes. We will continue to upload those periodically. This week we discuss the difference between religiosity and spirituality, and what distinct benefits they offer according to the research. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/message

Hello friends! This week on Noggin we have another meditation for you. This exercise can be completed before you go to bed, or anytime throughout your day when you need a moment to relax. So sit back, press play, and get ready to relax. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/support

As promised in last week's episode on compassion and self-compassion, today's bonus episode is meant to help you practice compassion toward others and compassion toward yourself. This meditation can be something you listen to regularly as you develop your compassion muscles. We hope you enjoy this special bonus episode! --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/support

What is the difference between self-pity, self-indulgence, and self-compassion? What are the benefits of being compassionate towards others? Today we talk about Dr. Kristen Neff's research on compassion and self-compassion, and how it can benefit your life. We also discuss Dr. Neff's argument for self-compassion over self-esteem. References: Weng, H. Y., Lapate, R. C., Stodola, D. E., Rogers, G. M., & Davidson, R. J. (2018). Visual attention to suffering after compassion training is associated with decreased amygdala responses. Frontiers in psychology, 9, 771. Neff, K. D. (2011). Self‐compassion, self‐esteem, and well‐being. Social and personality psychology compass, 5(1), 1-12. https://self-compassion.org/the-three-elements-of-self-compassion-2/ https://positivepsychology.com/compassion-meditation/#scripts --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/support

We love to think that we act rationally most of the time, especially when it comes to the choices we make with our money. However, behavioral economics tells us that humans are notoriously irrational when dealing with money. Today we dive into two basic behavioral economic principles and discuss things to be aware of when it comes to money. References: Worchel, S., Lee, J., & Adewole, A. (1975). Effects of supply and demand on ratings of object value. Journal of personality and social psychology, 32(5), 906. Novemsky, N., & Kahneman, D. (2005). The Boundaries of Loss Aversion. Journal of Marketing Research, 42(2), 119–128. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/support

What if we told you that the view from your hospital window could play a role in your recovery from surgery? Today we talk about the benefits of spending time in natural spaces. References: Ulrich, R. S. (1984). View through a window may influence recovery from surgery. science, 224(4647), 420-421. White, M. P., Alcock, I., Grellier, J., Wheeler, B. W., Hartig, T., Warber, S. L., ... & Fleming, L. E. (2019). Spending at least 120 minutes a week in nature is associated with good health and wellbeing. Scientific reports, 9(1), 1-11. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/support

What is the difference between correlation and causation? How can researchers actually know when one thing CAUSES another? We received questions like these in response to our episode on reading fiction. So, today we discuss how researchers can establish causality as we revisit the research on reading fiction. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/support

Prayer is a common spiritual practice in which many religions regularly engage. While it seems obvious that communicating with one's higher power can have spiritual benefits, today we will be exploring the less obvious physiological benefits of prayer. References: Cooper, D., Thayer, J., & Waldstein, S. (2014). Coping with racism: The impact of prayer on cardiovascular reactivity and post-stress recovery in African American women. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 47(2), 218-230. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-013-9540-4 The How of Happiness - Sonja Lyubomirsky Meints, S. M., Mosher, C., Rand, K. L., Ashburn-Nardo, L., & Hirsh, A. T. (2018). An experimental investigation of the relationships among race, prayer, and pain. Scandinavian Journal of Pain, 18(3), 545-553. https://doi.org/10.1515/sjpain-2018-0040 --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/support

How does someone who is blind avoid objects that are placed in front of them? Our brains are constantly taking in information, even outside our conscious awareness. Today we share research about something called blindsight and also fMRI studies that show that our brain reacts to things that are shown to us faster than we can perceive. Finally, we discuss how the information our brain takes in affects us, even if we don't notice it, and also how we can challenge the snap judgments our brains make. References: Freeman, J. B., Stolier, R. M., Ingbretsen, Z. A., & Hehman, E. A. (2014). Amygdala responsivity to high-level social information from unseen faces. Journal of Neuroscience, 34(32), 10573-10581. Öhman, A., & Soares, J. J. (1994). " Unconscious anxiety": phobic responses to masked stimuli. Journal of abnormal psychology, 103(2), 231 --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/support

"If your friends were named Cliff would you jump off 'em?!" - Hugh Neutron Today we discuss how being in a group can influence our behavior and what we can do about it. Look out for future episodes as we discuss topics such as compassion, the benefits of cleanliness, and how researchers decide when something causes something else. References: https://history.state.gov/milestones/1961-1968/bay-of-pigs Asch, S. E. (1956). Studies of independence and conformity: I A minority of one against a unanimous majority. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 70(9), 1–70. Amir, T. (1984). The Asch conformity effect: A study in Kuwait. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 12(2), 187–190. Cohen, G. L. (2003). Party Over Policy: The Dominating Impact of Group Influence on Political Beliefs. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(5), 808–822. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/support

This week we had the opportunity to join our friend Monson on his podcast "Life Must Go On." On LMGO they seek to help those who are going through difficult things to find hope and the courage to keep moving forward. We discussed factors that help people deal with the difficulties that life throws at them. We also shared a story of a forest fire in Montana many years ago that has spurred research into how we make sense of ourselves and our situations when we experience something difficult or otherwise life-changing. Have any questions, feedback, ideas for a future episode, or concerns? Reach out to us at nogginpodcast@gmail.com References: Weick, K. E. (1993). The collapse of sensemaking in organizations: The Mann Gulch disaster. Administrative Science Quarterly, 38(4), 628–652. Yule, K., Houston, J., & Grych, J. (2019). Resilience in children exposed to violence: A meta-analysis of protective factors across ecological contexts. Clinical child and family psychology review, 22(3), 406-431. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/support

Think back to a memorable day in your life. How confident are you in the order of events and details of that day? If you were to talk about the details and events of that day with someone else who was there, do you think your stories would match up? Today we discuss the effects of priming and suggestion on our memory, and how accurate our memory actually is. As always, if you have any feedback for us please leave an honest review on Apple Podcasts, and feel free to reach out at nogginpodcast@gmail.com. Also, if you are enjoying listening to our podcast, please share it with a friend! References: https://sites.psu.edu/dps16/2016/03/31/car-crash-experiment/ Loftus, E. F., Miller, D. G., & Burns, H. J. (1978). Semantic integration of verbal information into a visual memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 4(1), 19–31. Christianson, S. A. (1989). Flashbulb memories: Special, but not so special. Memory & Cognition, 17(4), 435-443. Strack, F., Martin, L. L., & Schwarz, N. (1988). Priming and communication: Social determinants of information use in judgments of life satisfaction. European journal of social psychology, 18(5), 429-442. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/support

Do you ever look back on your childhood and miss the days when you were encouraged to read whatever fun fantastical book you wanted? But did high school English class turn you away from literary fiction and leave a bad taste in your mouth? It almost goes without saying that reading non-fiction books such as self-help books can be helpful for the reader. But what about fiction? We might be tempted to think that in this fast-paced world where we are almost constantly pressured to grow and improve ourselves that reading a fun work of fiction is a waste of time. Today we discuss what the research says about reading fiction and how it can actually help you become a more well-rounded person and take you on an enjoyable adventure. References: Marshall, R. (2020). Reading fiction: the benefits are numerous. British Journal of General Practice, 70(691), 79-79. Nilsson, S. K. (2014). The specific benefits of reading fiction. Focus group discussions among young adults. In IGEL International Society for the Empirical Study of Literature and Media. Conference Torino 21-25 July 2014. Kidd, D. C., & Castano, E. (2013). Reading literary fiction improves theory of mind. Science, 342(6156), 377-380. Tamir, D. I., Bricker, A. B., Dodell-Feder, D., & Mitchell, J. P. (2016). Reading fiction and reading minds: The role of simulation in the default network. Social cognitive and affective neuroscience, 11(2), 215-224. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/support

Last week we discussed how money is related to happiness. We know that after a certain point, having more money does not equal more happiness. But is there a way I can spend my money that WILL bring me more happiness? Today we discuss different types of spending and how they are associated with happiness. Is there a question or topic you would like us to discuss? Reach out to us at nogginpodcast@gmail.com References: Dunn, E. W., Aknin, L. B., & Norton, M. I. (2008). Spending money on others promotes happiness. Science, 319(5870), 1687-1688. Aknin, L. B., Dunn, E. W., Proulx, J., Lok, I., & Norton, M. I. (2020). Does spending money on others promote happiness?: A registered replication report. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 119(2), e15. Nicolao, L., Irwin, J. R., & Goodman, J. K. (2009). Happiness for sale: Do experiential purchases make consumers happier than material purchases?. Journal of consumer research, 36(2), 188-198. Mogilner, C., & Norton, M. I. (2016). Time, money, and happiness. Current Opinion in Psychology, 10, 12-16. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/support

We hear all the time that money can't buy happiness. We also hear that mo' money = mo' problems. But having the money to buy that new house or car or save for retirement will make me happier. Right? Today we discuss the relationship between money and happiness and how --after our basic needs are met-- the way we think about money can have a more significant effect on our happiness than the money we actually have. If you have questions, feedback, or topic suggestions you can email us at nogginpodcast@gmail.com References: Dunn, E. W., Aknin, L. B., & Norton, M. I. (2008). Spending money on others promotes happiness. Science, 319(5870), 1687-1688. Kahneman, D., Krueger, A. B., Schkade, D., Schwarz, N., & Stone, A. A. (2006). Would you be happier if you were richer? A focusing illusion. science, 312(5782), 1908-1910. Easterlin, R. A. (1995). Will raising the incomes of all increase the happiness of all?. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 27(1), 35-47. Miñarro, S., Reyes-García, V., Aswani, S., Selim, S., Barrington-Leigh, C. P., & Galbraith, E. D. (2021). Happy without money: Minimally monetized societies can exhibit high subjective well-being. PloS one, 16(1), e0244569. Oishi, S., Kesebir, S., & Diener, E. (2011). Income inequality and happiness. Psychological science, 22(9), 1095-1100. Johnson, W., & Krueger, R. F. (2006). How money buys happiness: genetic and environmental processes linking finances and life satisfaction. Journal of personality and social psychology, 90(4), 680. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/support

We often hear about the placebo effect, but what is it? How does it work? What does it mean when an experiment uses a placebo group? Today we discuss the power of the placebo, how scientists and doctors harness its effect, and how you can too. References: Kienle, G. S., & Kiene, H. (1997). The powerful placebo effect: fact or fiction?. Journal of clinical epidemiology, 50(12), 1311-1318. https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/placebo-effect Rief, W., Nestoriuc, Y., Weiss, S., Welzel, E., Barsky, A. J., & Hofmann, S. G. (2009). Meta-analysis of the placebo response in antidepressant trials. Journal of affective disorders, 118(1-3), 1-8. Beecher, H. K. (1955). The powerful placebo. Journal of the American Medical Association, 159(17), 1602-1606. Sihvonen, R., Paavola, M., Malmivaara, A., Itälä, A., Joukainen, A., Nurmi, H., ... & Järvinen, T. L. (2013). Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy versus sham surgery for a degenerative meniscal tear. N Engl J Med, 369, 2515-2524. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/support

What does the urge to gamble have in common with a breastfeeding mother? What is dopamine's role in disorders like schizophrenia, Parkinson's, and depression? Today we discuss dopamine and its many functions, and dispel pop-psychology myths surrounding it. References: Lebowitz MS, Ahn WK, Nolen-Hoeksema S. Fixable or fate? Perceptions of the biology of depression. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 2013;81(3):518-527. doi:10.1037/a0031730 Kvaale EP, Gottdiener WH, Haslam N. Biogenetic explanations and stigma: A meta-analytic review of associations among laypeople. Social Science & Medicine. 2013;96:95-103. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.07.017 Dunlop, B. W., & Nemeroff, C. B. (2007). The role of dopamine in the pathophysiology of depression. Archives of general psychiatry, 64(3), 327-337. Ehringer, H., & Hornykiewicz, O. (1998). Distribution of noradrenaline and dopamine (3-hydroxytyramine) in the human brain and their behavior in diseases of the extrapyramidal system1 This article was originally published in German in the journal Klinische Wochenschrift, volume 38, issue 24, 15 December 1960, pp. 1236–1239.1. Parkinsonism & related disorders, 4(2), 53-57 Christian, H. C., Chapman, L. P., & Morris, J. F. (2007). Thyrotrophin‐releasing hormone, vasoactive intestinal peptide, prolactin‐releasing peptide and dopamine regulation of prolactin secretion by different lactotroph morphological subtypes in the rat. Journal of neuroendocrinology, 19(8), 605-613.. Brisch, R., Saniotis, A., Wolf, R., Bielau, H., Bernstein, H. G., Steiner, J., ... & Gos, T. (2014). The role of dopamine in schizophrenia from a neurobiological and evolutionary perspective: old fashioned, but still in vogue. Frontiers in psychiatry, 5, 47. Adinoff, B. (2004). Neurobiologic processes in drug reward and addiction. Harvard review of psychiatry, 12(6), 305-320. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/support

How do the experiences of our parents affect us? Do they affect only our learned behaviors? Or can they somehow affect our genes as well? Can the changes in someone's body due to a traumatic experience be passed on to their children and grandchildren? From famine in Ukraine to smells and diet in rats and mice, today we discuss how epigenetics plays a role in altering the biology of future generations. References: Bezo, B., & Maggi, S. (2015). Living in “survival mode:” Intergenerational transmission of trauma from the Holodomor genocide of 1932–1933 in Ukraine. Social Science & Medicine, 134, 87-94. Dias, B. G., & Ressler, K. J. (2014). Parental olfactory experience influences behavior and neural structure in subsequent generations. Nature neuroscience, 17(1), 89-96. Ingerslev, L. R., Donkin, I., Fabre, O., Versteyhe, S., Mechta, M., Pattamaprapanont, P., ... & Barrès, R. (2018). Endurance training remodels sperm-borne small RNA expression and methylation at neurological gene hotspots. Clinical epigenetics, 10(1), 1-11. McPherson, N. O., Owens, J. A., Fullston, T., & Lane, M. (2015). Preconception diet or exercise intervention in obese fathers normalizes sperm microRNA profile and metabolic syndrome in female offspring. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, 308(9), E805-E821. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holodomor --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/support

What do monkeys, rats, worms, and humans all have in common? We all need physical touch to survive and thrive. Today we discuss attachment and the role it plays in human development. References: Harlow, H. F. (1959). Love in infant monkeys. Scientific American, 200(6), 68-75. Ardiel, E. L., & Rankin, C. H. (2010). The importance of touch in development. Paediatrics & child health, 15(3), 153-156. Caldji, C., Tannenbaum, B., Sharma, S., Francis, D., Plotsky, P. M., & Meaney, M. J. (1998). Maternal care during infancy regulates the development of neural systems mediating the expression of fearfulness in the rat. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 95(9), 5335-5340. --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/support

Welcome to Noggin - The Simple Psychology Podcast. This episode is an introduction to help you get to know Ben, McKay, and the podcast that we have created. We are so stoked that you will be listening with us and that we get to share some really great research with you.  --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/noggin-psychologypodcast/support