Podcasts about ldds

Il est déconseillé de laisser trop d'argent sur son compte courant en France en raison de plusieurs facteurs, notamment la loi Sapin 2, adoptée en 2016. Cette loi prévoit un mécanisme permettant aux autorités de geler temporairement les retraits d'argent sur certains placements en cas de crise financière.Le lien avec la loi Sapin 2La loi Sapin 2 a été mise en place pour renforcer la stabilité du système financier français, notamment en encadrant certains produits d'épargne comme l'assurance-vie. L'élément le plus marquant est l'article 49 de la loi, qui donne au Haut Conseil de Stabilité Financière (HCSF) le pouvoir de bloquer temporairement les retraits sur les contrats d'assurance-vie en cas de risques systémiques.Si cette loi ne concerne pas directement les comptes courants, elle montre que l'État peut, en cas de crise grave, intervenir sur l'épargne des particuliers pour éviter une déstabilisation du secteur financier. Cela incite à diversifier son épargne plutôt que de laisser de grosses sommes sur un compte bancaire où elles restent non rémunérées et vulnérables aux décisions gouvernementales.Le risque en cas de faillite bancaireUn autre point important à considérer est la garantie des dépôts bancaires. En cas de faillite bancaire en France, le Fonds de Garantie des Dépôts et de Résolution (FGDR) protège les dépôts jusqu'à 100 000 € par personne et par établissement bancaire.Ce qui est couvert par la garantie des dépôts :Les comptes courants Les comptes sur livret non réglementés (livrets bancaires classiques) Les comptes à terme La partie en espèces des comptes-titres Ce qui n'est pas couvert :Les titres financiers eux-mêmes (actions, obligations, etc.) : ils ne sont pas garantis mais restent votre propriété en cas de faillite bancaire. Les placements en assurance-vie : ils relèvent d'une autre garantie, limitée à 70 000 €, via le Fonds de Garantie des Assurances de Personnes (FGAP). Exceptions et cas particuliers :Indemnisation renforcée jusqu'à 500 000 € pour des dépôts exceptionnels temporaires, comme : La vente d'un bien immobilier résidentiel Une succession Une indemnisation (accident, assurance, divorce, etc.) Si une banque fait faillite, le FGDR assure un remboursement automatique sous 7 jours ouvrés dans la limite de 100 000 € par établissement bancaire.D'autres raisons d'éviter d'avoir trop d'argent sur son compte courant1. Aucune rémunération : Contrairement aux livrets d'épargne réglementés (Livret A, LDDS), l'argent sur un compte courant ne rapporte aucun intérêt. 2. Risques liés à l'inflation : L'inflation réduit progressivement le pouvoir d'achat des fonds laissés sur un compte courant. 3. Possibilité d'intervention de l'État en cas de crise : Même si la loi Sapin 2 ne s'applique pas directement aux comptes bancaires, elle montre que l'État peut imposer des restrictions sur l'épargne. ConclusionBien que la loi Sapin 2 ne vise pas directement les comptes courants, elle rappelle que l'État peut restreindre l'accès à l'épargne en cas de crise. De plus, en cas de faillite bancaire, seul 100 000 € par banque et par personne est garanti, ce qui rend risqué le fait de laisser de grosses sommes sur un même compte. Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

Vous souhaitez obtenir des réponses à vos questions ? Cliquez sur le lien ci-dessous, nous vous répondrons au sein d'une vidéo ou en privé ! https://forms.gle/7jD6fAAVLfSJXjkJ8 Dans ce nouvel épisode d'"Aux commandes de votre patrimoine", nous détaillons avec Rémi les bons réflexes à adopter pour mieux gérer votre épargne. Disclaimer : Ce contenu ne constitue pas un conseil en investissement. Les vidéos et le contenu distribués par notre chaîne sont créés à des fins exclusivement pédagogiques, éducatives et informatives. Email de la chaîne : contact.acdvp@gmail.comHébergé par Ausha. Visitez ausha.co/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

La Bourse, particulièrement américaine, a connu 2 années de fortes hausses, avec une augmentation en 2023 du S&P500  de 24.2%, et de 24.7% en 2024. Après ces fortes hausses, il peut être pertinent de vouloir sécuriser une partie de ses gains. Dans cet épisode, David reçoit Béatrice de Raymond, qui est conseiller en gestion de patrimoine à Nantes, pour évoquer les thèmes suivants : 

durée : 00:02:20 - Le brief éco - Les retraits d'argent effectués sur le Livret A et le LDDS (Livret de développement durable et solidaire) ont dépassé les placements au mois d'octobre. Une tendance qui ne s'était pas observée depuis la pandémie de Covid-19.

Kontaktdaten: Henning Wilts: https://henningwilts.de info@henningwilts.de https://www.instagram.com/henningwilts/ https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100001913689080 www.youtube.com/@HenningWiltsTierarzt https://www.linkedin.com/in/henning-wilts-376a8722b/ https://www.tiktok.com/@henningwilts    

Mon livret A, mon LDDS  sont remplis à ras bord…  Je ne peux pas ouvrir un LEP,   parce que je gagne plus de 21.393 euros  par an… ( oui 21.393  euros par an, c'est précis hein ?) . Comment est-ce que je peux encore faire travailler mes petites économies ?

Les livrets d'épargne réglementés rencontrent toujours autant de succès auprès des Français. Ils apparaissent comme une solution sûre pour mettre de l'argent de côté sans grands risques, surtout dans une période économique difficile, marquée notamment par la résurgence de l'inflation.Le livret A demeure le placement préféré des épargnants. En effet, 8 Français sur 10 en possèdent un. Cet engouement ne se dément pas, même si le taux du livret A est inférieur à l'inflation. Il est pour l'instant de 3 %.Ainsi, 1.000 euros déposés sur un livret A avant le 1er janvier 2024 rapporteront 30 euros au dernier jour de l'année, si l'épargnant n'y a pas touché entretemps. Le placement de 5.000 euros, à la même date, devrait rapporter 150 euros au 31 décembre 2024.Et, pour 22.950 euros placés, ce qui représente le plafond du livret A, l'épargnant devrait récolter près de 689 euros.Le livret d'épargne populaire (LEP), accessible sous conditions de ressources, est également apprécié des épargnants. En fin d'année 2023, environ 19 milliards d'euros auront été déposés sur ces plans.Son succès, le LEP le doit à un taux attractif. Pour l'instant, il demeure à 6 %, avant d'être sans doute abaissé dès le mois prochain. Il est donc encore temps d'en profiter.En plaçant 1.000 euros sur un LEP avant le 1er janvier 2024, on peut donc engranger, grâce à ce taux de 6 %, 60 euros le dernier jour de l'année. Le placement de 5.000 euros, à la même date, rapportera 300 euros au 31 décembre 2024. Et en atteignant le plafond, récemment relevé à 10.000 euros, on peut récolter 600 euros.Avec un taux fixé à 3 % pour l'année 2024, le livret de développement durable et solidaire (LDDS) rapportera 30 euros en fin d'année, pour 1.000 euros placés avant le 1er janvier 2024 et 360 euros pour un dépôt de 12.000 euros. Une somme maximale, le plafond ayant été abaissé, dans le cas de ce livret, et représentant désormais à peu près la moitié de celui du livret A. Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

Les livrets d'épargne réglementés rencontrent toujours autant de succès auprès des Français. Ils apparaissent comme une solution sûre pour mettre de l'argent de côté sans grands risques, surtout dans une période économique difficile, marquée notamment par la résurgence de l'inflation. Le livret A demeure le placement préféré des épargnants. En effet, 8 Français sur 10 en possèdent un. Cet engouement ne se dément pas, même si le taux du livret A est inférieur à l'inflation. Il est pour l'instant de 3 %. Ainsi, 1.000 euros déposés sur un livret A avant le 1er janvier 2024 rapporteront 30 euros au dernier jour de l'année, si l'épargnant n'y a pas touché entretemps. Le placement de 5.000 euros, à la même date, devrait rapporter 150 euros au 31 décembre 2024. Et, pour 22.950 euros placés, ce qui représente le plafond du livret A, l'épargnant devrait récolter près de 689 euros. Le livret d'épargne populaire (LEP), accessible sous conditions de ressources, est également apprécié des épargnants. En fin d'année 2023, environ 19 milliards d'euros auront été déposés sur ces plans. Son succès, le LEP le doit à un taux attractif. Pour l'instant, il demeure à 6 %, avant d'être sans doute abaissé dès le mois prochain. Il est donc encore temps d'en profiter. En plaçant 1.000 euros sur un LEP avant le 1er janvier 2024, on peut donc engranger, grâce à ce taux de 6 %, 60 euros le dernier jour de l'année. Le placement de 5.000 euros, à la même date, rapportera 300 euros au 31 décembre 2024. Et en atteignant le plafond, récemment relevé à 10.000 euros, on peut récolter 600 euros. Avec un taux fixé à 3 % pour l'année 2024, le livret de développement durable et solidaire (LDDS) rapportera 30 euros en fin d'année, pour 1.000 euros placés avant le 1er janvier 2024 et 360 euros pour un dépôt de 12.000 euros. Une somme maximale, le plafond ayant été abaissé, dans le cas de ce livret, et représentant désormais à peu près la moitié de celui du livret A. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

ALLER PLUS LOIN :

Si vous avez un peu de sous de côté, vous connaissez la chanson : beaucoup de Français ont atteint le plafond

Depuis quelques jours, on a peur pour l'avenir du secteur bancaire. Visiblement, les français n'ont pas de craintes car ils continuent à épargner massivement. On bat des records de collecte sur le Livret A et le LDDS : plus de 8 milliards en février et 20 milliards en 2 mois, du jamais depuis 14 ans. Et si le Livret A était le produit parfait pour préserver l'épargne des français en période de crise ? L'analyse de Martial YOU pour RTL... Écoutez L'éco & You du 22 mars 2023 avec Martial You.

On commence avec l'info pratique. Ce 1er février, entrent en vigueur plusieurs mesures qui touchent votre portefeuille. Côté bonne nouvelle, les rendements de plusieurs livrets d'épargne réglementée augmentent très fortement. La rémunération du Livret A et du Livret de développement durable et solidaire (LDDS) passe ainsi de 2 à 3%, tandis que celle du LEP grimpe carrément de 4,6% à 6,1%. Baisse de la durée d'indemnisation des chômeurs, hausse des prix réglementés de l'électricité, nouveaux tarifs des taxis et VTC… découvrez ce qui change au 1er février sur notre site.On poursuit avec le chiffre du jour. Auparavant trimestrielle, l'actualisation du taux d'usure est désormais mensuelle à partir de ce mercredi 1er février. Pour ce mois-ci, le taux maximum auquel les banques peuvent prêter s'élève à 3,79% pour les emprunts de 20 ans et plus, soit une hausse de 0,22 point sur un mois. Dans le détail, le taux d'usure du mois de février atteint 3,71% pour les crédits d'une durée comprise entre 10 et 20 ans et 3,53% pour les prêts d'une période inférieure à 10 ans. Une bonne nouvelle pour les emprunteurs comme vous l'explique dans son article notre journaliste.On enchaîne avec une bonne nouvelle pour les porteurs de lunettes. Depuis aujourd'hui, les orthoptistes, professionnels de santé chargés de la rééducation visuelle, sont habilités à prescrire des lunettes de vue à certains de leurs patients. Et ce, sans que ces derniers aient à consulter un médecin ophtalmologue au préalable. Néanmoins, cette facilité de parcours de soins ne concerne pas tout le monde. Tout dépend de votre âge et de potentielles contre-indications. Plus d'infos sur notre site.Et pour terminer, le mot du jour : Aster. Paris et Rome ont passé une commande massive de 700 missiles Aster pour deux milliards d'euros. La famille des missiles Aster a été développée dans les années 80 et a pour but de protéger des villes, des bases militaires ou des navires. Ces engins peuvent intercepter des avions, des drones et des missiles de croisière. La variante la plus moderne peut même détruire des missiles balistiques. Capital.fr vous révèle en détail les capacités des missiles Aster qui viennent d'être commandés par la France.> Réécoutez et abonnez-vous à ce podcast sur vos plateformes favorites (Spotify, Deezer, Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Soundcloud...) ainsi que sur les enceintes connectées Google Home, Amazon Echo et Apple HomePod.> La saga des marques, 21 millions (sur les cryptomonnaies)... retrouvez tous les podcasts de Capital et de Prisma dans notre espace dédié.Vous pouvez consulter notre politique de confidentialité sur https://art19.com/privacy ainsi que la notice de confidentialité de la Californie sur https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Ce mardi 24 janvier, les performances du Livret A et du LDDS ont été abordées par Jézabel Couppey-Soubeyran, maître de conférences de l'université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, Christian Parisot, économiste, conseiller auprès d'Aurel BGC, et Natacha Valla, senior advisor chez Lazard, dans l'émission Les Experts, présentée par Nicolas Doze sur BFM Business. Retrouvez l'émission du lundi au vendredi et réécoutez la en podcast.

Le livret A n'a jamais semblé autant apprécié par les Français. En effet, septembre 2022 se traduit, pour le 3e mois consécutif, par une collecte record de 2,7 milliards d'euros. Cette collecte représente la différence entre les dépôts faits sur le livret A et les retraits. On mesure l'intérêt croissant des Français pour ce produit d'épargne quand on compare cette collecte à celle du mois de septembre 2021, qui s'était établie à seulement 240 millions d'euros. Doit 10 fois moins qu'en septembre 2022 ! Un résultat d'autant plus remarquable que, compte tenu des dépenses de rentrée, les Français déposent d'ordinaire moins d'argent sur leur livret A au mois de septembre. Et ces bons chiffres font suite à deux mois d'été très favorables. La collecte du mois d'août, notamment, s'était montée à près de 4,5 milliards d'euros. Il faut aussi noter les bons résultats d'un autre produit d'épargne réglementé, le Livret de développement durable et solidaire, ou LDDS. En effet, pour ce livret, la collecte a été de 470 millions d'euros en septembre 2022 alors qu'elle avait été négative à la même période de l'année précédente. La raison essentielle de cette faveur renouvelée pour le livret A est la majoration de son taux de rémunération. En effet, il est passé de 1 à 2 % en août dernier. Soit davantage que celui des fonds euros de l'assurance-vie. Et, comme on le constate d'ordinaire, cette hausse a encore plus joué dans les deux mois qui ont suivi son annonce. Il faut aussi prendre en compte le climat morose qui règne en France comme en Europe. En effet, la guerre en Ukraine et l'inflation, causée en partie par ce conflit, n'incitent guère à l'optimisme et encouragent les Français à augmenter leur épargne de précaution. Il faut cependant noter qu'avec une inflation moyenne à 5,6 % en septembre 2022, la rémunération du livret A, même relevée, demeure peu intéressante. Elle le serait cependant un peu plus si le taux, comme il est possible, passait à 3 % en février 2023. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Le livret A n'a jamais semblé autant apprécié par les Français. En effet, septembre 2022 se traduit, pour le 3e mois consécutif, par une collecte record de 2,7 milliards d'euros. Cette collecte représente la différence entre les dépôts faits sur le livret A et les retraits.On mesure l'intérêt croissant des Français pour ce produit d'épargne quand on compare cette collecte à celle du mois de septembre 2021, qui s'était établie à seulement 240 millions d'euros. Doit 10 fois moins qu'en septembre 2022 !Un résultat d'autant plus remarquable que, compte tenu des dépenses de rentrée, les Français déposent d'ordinaire moins d'argent sur leur livret A au mois de septembre. Et ces bons chiffres font suite à deux mois d'été très favorables.La collecte du mois d'août, notamment, s'était montée à près de 4,5 milliards d'euros. Il faut aussi noter les bons résultats d'un autre produit d'épargne réglementé, le Livret de développement durable et solidaire, ou LDDS.En effet, pour ce livret, la collecte a été de 470 millions d'euros en septembre 2022 alors qu'elle avait été négative à la même période de l'année précédente.La raison essentielle de cette faveur renouvelée pour le livret A est la majoration de son taux de rémunération. En effet, il est passé de 1 à 2 % en août dernier. Soit davantage que celui des fonds euros de l'assurance-vie.Et, comme on le constate d'ordinaire, cette hausse a encore plus joué dans les deux mois qui ont suivi son annonce. Il faut aussi prendre en compte le climat morose qui règne en France comme en Europe.En effet, la guerre en Ukraine et l'inflation, causée en partie par ce conflit, n'incitent guère à l'optimisme et encouragent les Français à augmenter leur épargne de précaution.Il faut cependant noter qu'avec une inflation moyenne à 5,6 % en septembre 2022, la rémunération du livret A, même relevée, demeure peu intéressante. Elle le serait cependant un peu plus si le taux, comme il est possible, passait à 3 % en février 2023. Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

The healthcare sectors are recognizing the value of innovative and effective strategies to address the challenges of managing specialty drugs, which treat complex, chronic or rare conditions and require special administration or handling. As a strategy to control the costs associated with managing a complex patient population, the market is turning to value-based contracting, which links reimbursement or payment for aproduct to positive clinical outcomes. These trends have paved the way for an increase in limited distribution drugs (LDDs), or therapies only made available to a small number of specialty pharmacies, to give manufacturers greater oversight and control over the quality of patient care and support. Specialty drugs are the future of medicine, but they require high-touch care coordination and concerted follow-up to ensure patients remain adherent and can manage potential side effects to realize the full value of therapy. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The healthcare sectors are recognizing the value of innovative and effective strategies to address the challenges of managing specialty drugs, which treat complex, chronic or rare conditions and require special administration or handling. As a strategy to control the costs associated with managing a complex patient population, the market is turning to value-based contracting, which links reimbursement or payment for aproduct to positive clinical outcomes. These trends have paved the way for an increase in limited distribution drugs (LDDs), or therapies only made available to a small number of specialty pharmacies, to give manufacturers greater oversight and control over the quality of patient care and support. Specialty drugs are the future of medicine, but they require high-touch care coordination and concerted follow-up to ensure patients remain adherent and can manage potential side effects to realize the full value of therapy. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The healthcare sectors are recognizing the value of innovative and effective strategies to address the challenges of managing specialty drugs, which treat complex, chronic or rare conditions and require special administration or handling. As a strategy to control the costs associated with managing a complex patient population, the market is turning to value-based contracting, which links reimbursement or payment for aproduct to positive clinical outcomes. These trends have paved the way for an increase in limited distribution drugs (LDDs), or therapies only made available to a small number of specialty pharmacies, to give manufacturers greater oversight and control over the quality of patient care and support. Specialty drugs are the future of medicine, but they require high-touch care coordination and concerted follow-up to ensure patients remain adherent and can manage potential side effects to realize the full value of therapy. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Guest: Dr. Andrew Young, assistant professor of systematic entomology at the University of Guelph The bugs are back. With summer in full bloom and many of us enjoying the great outdoors, it's a good time to remember that there are plenty of creepy crawly critters out there. Some are really making their presence known. From cicada to tick to caterpillar moth infestations, there are plenty of insects that want to take a bite out of summer. We talk with an expert on why we are seeing some of population spikes and what are the best common sense tips when dealing with these creatures.

Noter og links på: SIVP.dk/145 Anders Jensen har en master i intern medicin, og er faglig chef på AniCura Københavns Dyrehospital, hvor hans primære arbejde består i udredning og behandling af medicinske lidelser hos hunde og katte. Anders var med i podcast nr. 41, hvor vi talte om diagnostik og valg af test ved mistanke om Cushings (hyperadrenocortisicme). I dag dykker vi lidt dybere og taler om, hvad de forskellige tests, herunder urin cortisol creatinin ratio (UCCR), ACTH-stimulationstest og low dose dexamethasone suppression test (LDDS), kan og ikke kan.

Les encours sur l'assurance vie reprennent leur marche en avant : les sommes versées sur ce placement ont atteint 1,6 milliards d'euros nets en Février. Les Français qui avaient privilégié les placements à vue (livret A, LDDS et comptes courants) en 2020 recommencent à garnir leurs placements d'assurance vie en ce début d'année 2021 mais ouvrent également des Plans d'Épargne Retraite (PER). Quels placements privilégient-ils ?

durée : 00:02:11 - Le brief éco - Les placements sur les Livret A et Livret de développement durable et solidaire (LDDS) ont encore fortement augmenté au mois de mai. Les Français ont déposé plus d’argent qu’ils n’en ont retiré. Une épargne dite de précaution qui porte bien son nom pendant la crise.

Panel: Charles Max Wood Guest: Georgi Parlakov This week on My Angular Story, Charles speaks with Georgi Parlakov who is an R&D Developer at Petrotechnical Data Systems who resides in Bulgaria. Chuck and Georgi talk about his background, past and current projects, and so much more! In particular, we dive pretty deep on: 0:15 – Advertisement: Get A Coder Job! 0:49 – Chuck: Hello! 0:53 – Georgi: Hi! 1:00 – Chuck: Introduce yourself, please! 1:08 – Georgi: I have been an Angular developer and love it every step of the way. 1:20 – Chuck: I stared talking to past guests of Angular, and I find that ½ the people are in the U.S. and the other places, too. Different places but what is your experience as being a developer in the other parts of the world are similar. 2:12 – Georgi: I got into programming but I didn’t want to be at a desk all day. I had some friends in the software industry and I liked what they had. In Bulgaria the people in the software industry they have a 2x or 3x standard of living. I really wanted to begin to try to get into software engineering. I didn’t have any technical background. I went to some interviews and I saw that I needed a lot of knowledge to gain. I learned about the Telerik Academy is doing. They have a large academy and that year I learned a lot and I jumped to this opportunity b/c it seemed like magic. Someone is going to teach me how to be a developer and not charge me? I got into it and it was fun, challenging, and rewarding for me. I dropped my current gig and I went to being a developer. 5:14 – How long is the program at the Telerik Academy. 5:20 – Georgi: It’s about a year. Evenings and then you need to go fulltime. 5:45 – Do they teach you JavaScript? 5:50 – Georgi: Yes. Also, DotNet. Java was mentioned in 2011. 6:17 – Kendo UI have widgets for DotNet. 6:28 – Georgi. 6:35 – Chuck: What got you into JavaScript? 6:44 – Georgi: The previous job I had they used Angular. At that time I was doing...which is a service site rendered HTML. We were using some jQuery and Knock Out, I was learning about Angular and was interested. It was an Angular job and it was technically interesting. They talked about 3D rendering. At least that’s what I got from the conversation. Doing the job we got a few new hires, and they started a project in Angular. We learned from each other, and inspired by people like YOU, and from the Angular talks at conferences. I was inspired. 8:21 – You get into Java and Angular did you get into API? 8:31 – Georgi: Yes. 8:38 – I like how Microsoft names stuff. 8:47 – Georgi: I am listening to...if you have a cool project alias then the project name becomes WCF or something long and tedious. 9:09 – I love those guys. 9:15 – Georgi: I am listening to them b/c someone recommended them. They put the bar really high with their mood and content. 9:40 – Chuck: Carl owns a production company. They do a great job. 9:52 – Chuck: What was it about Angular that got you excited? 10:05 – Georgi: It’s similar to the backend stuff and people get into Angular g/c it’s similar to NVC. I got a lot of the documentation b/c it’s written well. At that time my daughter was 6 months old and I was reading her the Angular documentation. I really enjoyed that. Angular was brand new at that point and I didn’t have a mentor at that time. The learning experience was great, and the flow was fun for me b/c it was challenging. 11:33 – Chuck: The experience is good. 11:42 – How did you get your first programming job? 11:45 – Georgi: Basically out of the academy – 2 months out. The people believed in me and I am thankful. I was only 28 years old and I wasn’t the normal person. 12:22 – I got my first job at 27. 12:30 – A lot of people are transitioning. I did an episode with Tina from South Africa. She moved to England and then to the U.S. She has a Ph.D. in Physics and she transitioned into programming in her 50’s. People think: I am “old”, and it really doesn’t matter. 13:27 – Georgi: People complain while they are sitting down on their butts. I want people to know that you can do it. No matter your age or your experience. The coding knowledge will give you a lot of freedom in the future, because it’s doing magic. Everyone should learn how to code as a hobby in addition to your normal job. 14:55 – Chuck: It might be things like AI and how we interact on our devices. It will be a life skill what we consider to be mundane jobs at this point. 15:18 – Georgi: People say AI could take my job, but also AI will create jobs. 15:36 – Chuck: People theorize about this. Every time people advance in technology it does create more jobs. I worry about the psychology of here is money as a handout. 16:29 – Georgi: We get our self-respect b/c of what we accomplish in the job. Most of us work 8 hours with these certain people and these problems. It’s good to like and even love what you do. 17:00 – Chuck: What have you done with Angular that you are proud of? 17:05 – Georgi: Learning from scratch and learning the basics; eventually advancing my knowledge. Lately I have been going to Meetups and do a presentation there. The theme was... I wanted to contribute back to Angular, and my computer at home is PC. I had troubles with... I am an Angular contributor and I am proud of that. I am not a docker nor was I expert angular person, but here I am. 20:25 – Chuck: That’s what peoples mindsets are: I am not this___, I am not that____, etc. If you want a job and you are 90 years old – got for it. You don’t have to be a genius, but you can find something to contribute to the community. 21:17 – Georgi: We have a lot of Angular from my work, I wanted to give back some. Also, and make a name for myself. Again, it was fun and challenging and nice to do it. 21:44 – Chuck: Now that doesn’t hurt b/c you can put on your CV. 21:55 – Georgi: It only shows the top 100. I am not there, but oh well. 22:09 – Chuck: Every little piece helps. You know, it’s a good way to get involved and so much more. What are you working on now? 22:28 – Georgi: The project I am working on is not using Angular. Besides that I am doing a video course on functional C# and it’s a work in progress. 23:10 – Chuck: Anywhere people can find your course? 23:15 – Georgi: It’s less than 50% done, so no. 23:30 – Chuck: What’s it like being a developer in Bulgaria? 23:35 – Georgi: Bulgaria, has a higher living standard for the software industry. 24:55 – Chuck: Is most of the documentation for computers out there in English in Bulgaria? 24:58 – Georgi: No, not the general population speaks English. It does make it a tad harder to transition if you don’t know English. But some of the academies do 25:50 – Chuck: I was a missionary for LDDS in Italy and so my experience as the younger generation speaks English but not the older generation. 26:39 - Georgi: English is 2nd language in Amsterdam. 27:11 – (Chuck talks about international community and developers.) 27:38 – Our team was ½ and ½ out here in Bulgaria. We did meetings in English most of the time. 28:07 – Chuck: Are you located in Sofia? Georgi: Yes. 28:15 – Chuck: When you get outside of the city is there a programming community? 28:20 – Georgi: Yes, definitely. Again, though, it does change. When they graduate from the Telerik Academy... 29:27 – Chuck: I live in Utah and we are between NV and WY and CO. There is an area (North of Salt Lake City) that has a healthy tech scene. It depends on where you are in UT for a strong/weak teach center. 30:31 – Georgi: I would think the younger kids would like to do it and they need to do it here in the bigger cities. That is not unusual. 31:00 – Chuck: Yes, people pick up the skills and get hired and then they go and work remotely. Do you have a Medium account? 31:20 - Georgi: Yes, through Twitter and Medium. 32:20 – Picks! Links: jQuery Angular JavaScript Vue C++ C# Georgi’s LinkedIn Georgi’s Medium Georgi’s Medium Article Georgi’s Twitter Georgi’s GitHub Georgi’s Stack Overflow Georgi’s Blog Sponsors: Get A Coder Job Fresh Books Cache Fly Picks: Georgi Find your thing and take a leap of faith – it’s never too late. Angular BrowserModule Book: The Three-Body Problem by Cixin Liu Book: Getting to Yes by Roger Fisher Charles The Diabetes Code by Dr. Jason Fung Audible Book: Ultramarathon Man by Dean Karnazes 2 Keto Dudes Walk or Run a 5K everyday (3.1 miles)

Panel: Charles Max Wood Guest: Georgi Parlakov This week on My Angular Story, Charles speaks with Georgi Parlakov who is an R&D Developer at Petrotechnical Data Systems who resides in Bulgaria. Chuck and Georgi talk about his background, past and current projects, and so much more! In particular, we dive pretty deep on: 0:15 – Advertisement: Get A Coder Job! 0:49 – Chuck: Hello! 0:53 – Georgi: Hi! 1:00 – Chuck: Introduce yourself, please! 1:08 – Georgi: I have been an Angular developer and love it every step of the way. 1:20 – Chuck: I stared talking to past guests of Angular, and I find that ½ the people are in the U.S. and the other places, too. Different places but what is your experience as being a developer in the other parts of the world are similar. 2:12 – Georgi: I got into programming but I didn’t want to be at a desk all day. I had some friends in the software industry and I liked what they had. In Bulgaria the people in the software industry they have a 2x or 3x standard of living. I really wanted to begin to try to get into software engineering. I didn’t have any technical background. I went to some interviews and I saw that I needed a lot of knowledge to gain. I learned about the Telerik Academy is doing. They have a large academy and that year I learned a lot and I jumped to this opportunity b/c it seemed like magic. Someone is going to teach me how to be a developer and not charge me? I got into it and it was fun, challenging, and rewarding for me. I dropped my current gig and I went to being a developer. 5:14 – How long is the program at the Telerik Academy. 5:20 – Georgi: It’s about a year. Evenings and then you need to go fulltime. 5:45 – Do they teach you JavaScript? 5:50 – Georgi: Yes. Also, DotNet. Java was mentioned in 2011. 6:17 – Kendo UI have widgets for DotNet. 6:28 – Georgi. 6:35 – Chuck: What got you into JavaScript? 6:44 – Georgi: The previous job I had they used Angular. At that time I was doing...which is a service site rendered HTML. We were using some jQuery and Knock Out, I was learning about Angular and was interested. It was an Angular job and it was technically interesting. They talked about 3D rendering. At least that’s what I got from the conversation. Doing the job we got a few new hires, and they started a project in Angular. We learned from each other, and inspired by people like YOU, and from the Angular talks at conferences. I was inspired. 8:21 – You get into Java and Angular did you get into API? 8:31 – Georgi: Yes. 8:38 – I like how Microsoft names stuff. 8:47 – Georgi: I am listening to...if you have a cool project alias then the project name becomes WCF or something long and tedious. 9:09 – I love those guys. 9:15 – Georgi: I am listening to them b/c someone recommended them. They put the bar really high with their mood and content. 9:40 – Chuck: Carl owns a production company. They do a great job. 9:52 – Chuck: What was it about Angular that got you excited? 10:05 – Georgi: It’s similar to the backend stuff and people get into Angular g/c it’s similar to NVC. I got a lot of the documentation b/c it’s written well. At that time my daughter was 6 months old and I was reading her the Angular documentation. I really enjoyed that. Angular was brand new at that point and I didn’t have a mentor at that time. The learning experience was great, and the flow was fun for me b/c it was challenging. 11:33 – Chuck: The experience is good. 11:42 – How did you get your first programming job? 11:45 – Georgi: Basically out of the academy – 2 months out. The people believed in me and I am thankful. I was only 28 years old and I wasn’t the normal person. 12:22 – I got my first job at 27. 12:30 – A lot of people are transitioning. I did an episode with Tina from South Africa. She moved to England and then to the U.S. She has a Ph.D. in Physics and she transitioned into programming in her 50’s. People think: I am “old”, and it really doesn’t matter. 13:27 – Georgi: People complain while they are sitting down on their butts. I want people to know that you can do it. No matter your age or your experience. The coding knowledge will give you a lot of freedom in the future, because it’s doing magic. Everyone should learn how to code as a hobby in addition to your normal job. 14:55 – Chuck: It might be things like AI and how we interact on our devices. It will be a life skill what we consider to be mundane jobs at this point. 15:18 – Georgi: People say AI could take my job, but also AI will create jobs. 15:36 – Chuck: People theorize about this. Every time people advance in technology it does create more jobs. I worry about the psychology of here is money as a handout. 16:29 – Georgi: We get our self-respect b/c of what we accomplish in the job. Most of us work 8 hours with these certain people and these problems. It’s good to like and even love what you do. 17:00 – Chuck: What have you done with Angular that you are proud of? 17:05 – Georgi: Learning from scratch and learning the basics; eventually advancing my knowledge. Lately I have been going to Meetups and do a presentation there. The theme was... I wanted to contribute back to Angular, and my computer at home is PC. I had troubles with... I am an Angular contributor and I am proud of that. I am not a docker nor was I expert angular person, but here I am. 20:25 – Chuck: That’s what peoples mindsets are: I am not this___, I am not that____, etc. If you want a job and you are 90 years old – got for it. You don’t have to be a genius, but you can find something to contribute to the community. 21:17 – Georgi: We have a lot of Angular from my work, I wanted to give back some. Also, and make a name for myself. Again, it was fun and challenging and nice to do it. 21:44 – Chuck: Now that doesn’t hurt b/c you can put on your CV. 21:55 – Georgi: It only shows the top 100. I am not there, but oh well. 22:09 – Chuck: Every little piece helps. You know, it’s a good way to get involved and so much more. What are you working on now? 22:28 – Georgi: The project I am working on is not using Angular. Besides that I am doing a video course on functional C# and it’s a work in progress. 23:10 – Chuck: Anywhere people can find your course? 23:15 – Georgi: It’s less than 50% done, so no. 23:30 – Chuck: What’s it like being a developer in Bulgaria? 23:35 – Georgi: Bulgaria, has a higher living standard for the software industry. 24:55 – Chuck: Is most of the documentation for computers out there in English in Bulgaria? 24:58 – Georgi: No, not the general population speaks English. It does make it a tad harder to transition if you don’t know English. But some of the academies do 25:50 – Chuck: I was a missionary for LDDS in Italy and so my experience as the younger generation speaks English but not the older generation. 26:39 - Georgi: English is 2nd language in Amsterdam. 27:11 – (Chuck talks about international community and developers.) 27:38 – Our team was ½ and ½ out here in Bulgaria. We did meetings in English most of the time. 28:07 – Chuck: Are you located in Sofia? Georgi: Yes. 28:15 – Chuck: When you get outside of the city is there a programming community? 28:20 – Georgi: Yes, definitely. Again, though, it does change. When they graduate from the Telerik Academy... 29:27 – Chuck: I live in Utah and we are between NV and WY and CO. There is an area (North of Salt Lake City) that has a healthy tech scene. It depends on where you are in UT for a strong/weak teach center. 30:31 – Georgi: I would think the younger kids would like to do it and they need to do it here in the bigger cities. That is not unusual. 31:00 – Chuck: Yes, people pick up the skills and get hired and then they go and work remotely. Do you have a Medium account? 31:20 - Georgi: Yes, through Twitter and Medium. 32:20 – Picks! Links: jQuery Angular JavaScript Vue C++ C# Georgi’s LinkedIn Georgi’s Medium Georgi’s Medium Article Georgi’s Twitter Georgi’s GitHub Georgi’s Stack Overflow Georgi’s Blog Sponsors: Get A Coder Job Fresh Books Cache Fly Picks: Georgi Find your thing and take a leap of faith – it’s never too late. Angular BrowserModule Book: The Three-Body Problem by Cixin Liu Book: Getting to Yes by Roger Fisher Charles The Diabetes Code by Dr. Jason Fung Audible Book: Ultramarathon Man by Dean Karnazes 2 Keto Dudes Walk or Run a 5K everyday (3.1 miles)

Panel: Charles Max Wood Guest: Georgi Parlakov This week on My Angular Story, Charles speaks with Georgi Parlakov who is an R&D Developer at Petrotechnical Data Systems who resides in Bulgaria. Chuck and Georgi talk about his background, past and current projects, and so much more! In particular, we dive pretty deep on: 0:15 – Advertisement: Get A Coder Job! 0:49 – Chuck: Hello! 0:53 – Georgi: Hi! 1:00 – Chuck: Introduce yourself, please! 1:08 – Georgi: I have been an Angular developer and love it every step of the way. 1:20 – Chuck: I stared talking to past guests of Angular, and I find that ½ the people are in the U.S. and the other places, too. Different places but what is your experience as being a developer in the other parts of the world are similar. 2:12 – Georgi: I got into programming but I didn’t want to be at a desk all day. I had some friends in the software industry and I liked what they had. In Bulgaria the people in the software industry they have a 2x or 3x standard of living. I really wanted to begin to try to get into software engineering. I didn’t have any technical background. I went to some interviews and I saw that I needed a lot of knowledge to gain. I learned about the Telerik Academy is doing. They have a large academy and that year I learned a lot and I jumped to this opportunity b/c it seemed like magic. Someone is going to teach me how to be a developer and not charge me? I got into it and it was fun, challenging, and rewarding for me. I dropped my current gig and I went to being a developer. 5:14 – How long is the program at the Telerik Academy. 5:20 – Georgi: It’s about a year. Evenings and then you need to go fulltime. 5:45 – Do they teach you JavaScript? 5:50 – Georgi: Yes. Also, DotNet. Java was mentioned in 2011. 6:17 – Kendo UI have widgets for DotNet. 6:28 – Georgi. 6:35 – Chuck: What got you into JavaScript? 6:44 – Georgi: The previous job I had they used Angular. At that time I was doing...which is a service site rendered HTML. We were using some jQuery and Knock Out, I was learning about Angular and was interested. It was an Angular job and it was technically interesting. They talked about 3D rendering. At least that’s what I got from the conversation. Doing the job we got a few new hires, and they started a project in Angular. We learned from each other, and inspired by people like YOU, and from the Angular talks at conferences. I was inspired. 8:21 – You get into Java and Angular did you get into API? 8:31 – Georgi: Yes. 8:38 – I like how Microsoft names stuff. 8:47 – Georgi: I am listening to...if you have a cool project alias then the project name becomes WCF or something long and tedious. 9:09 – I love those guys. 9:15 – Georgi: I am listening to them b/c someone recommended them. They put the bar really high with their mood and content. 9:40 – Chuck: Carl owns a production company. They do a great job. 9:52 – Chuck: What was it about Angular that got you excited? 10:05 – Georgi: It’s similar to the backend stuff and people get into Angular g/c it’s similar to NVC. I got a lot of the documentation b/c it’s written well. At that time my daughter was 6 months old and I was reading her the Angular documentation. I really enjoyed that. Angular was brand new at that point and I didn’t have a mentor at that time. The learning experience was great, and the flow was fun for me b/c it was challenging. 11:33 – Chuck: The experience is good. 11:42 – How did you get your first programming job? 11:45 – Georgi: Basically out of the academy – 2 months out. The people believed in me and I am thankful. I was only 28 years old and I wasn’t the normal person. 12:22 – I got my first job at 27. 12:30 – A lot of people are transitioning. I did an episode with Tina from South Africa. She moved to England and then to the U.S. She has a Ph.D. in Physics and she transitioned into programming in her 50’s. People think: I am “old”, and it really doesn’t matter. 13:27 – Georgi: People complain while they are sitting down on their butts. I want people to know that you can do it. No matter your age or your experience. The coding knowledge will give you a lot of freedom in the future, because it’s doing magic. Everyone should learn how to code as a hobby in addition to your normal job. 14:55 – Chuck: It might be things like AI and how we interact on our devices. It will be a life skill what we consider to be mundane jobs at this point. 15:18 – Georgi: People say AI could take my job, but also AI will create jobs. 15:36 – Chuck: People theorize about this. Every time people advance in technology it does create more jobs. I worry about the psychology of here is money as a handout. 16:29 – Georgi: We get our self-respect b/c of what we accomplish in the job. Most of us work 8 hours with these certain people and these problems. It’s good to like and even love what you do. 17:00 – Chuck: What have you done with Angular that you are proud of? 17:05 – Georgi: Learning from scratch and learning the basics; eventually advancing my knowledge. Lately I have been going to Meetups and do a presentation there. The theme was... I wanted to contribute back to Angular, and my computer at home is PC. I had troubles with... I am an Angular contributor and I am proud of that. I am not a docker nor was I expert angular person, but here I am. 20:25 – Chuck: That’s what peoples mindsets are: I am not this___, I am not that____, etc. If you want a job and you are 90 years old – got for it. You don’t have to be a genius, but you can find something to contribute to the community. 21:17 – Georgi: We have a lot of Angular from my work, I wanted to give back some. Also, and make a name for myself. Again, it was fun and challenging and nice to do it. 21:44 – Chuck: Now that doesn’t hurt b/c you can put on your CV. 21:55 – Georgi: It only shows the top 100. I am not there, but oh well. 22:09 – Chuck: Every little piece helps. You know, it’s a good way to get involved and so much more. What are you working on now? 22:28 – Georgi: The project I am working on is not using Angular. Besides that I am doing a video course on functional C# and it’s a work in progress. 23:10 – Chuck: Anywhere people can find your course? 23:15 – Georgi: It’s less than 50% done, so no. 23:30 – Chuck: What’s it like being a developer in Bulgaria? 23:35 – Georgi: Bulgaria, has a higher living standard for the software industry. 24:55 – Chuck: Is most of the documentation for computers out there in English in Bulgaria? 24:58 – Georgi: No, not the general population speaks English. It does make it a tad harder to transition if you don’t know English. But some of the academies do 25:50 – Chuck: I was a missionary for LDDS in Italy and so my experience as the younger generation speaks English but not the older generation. 26:39 - Georgi: English is 2nd language in Amsterdam. 27:11 – (Chuck talks about international community and developers.) 27:38 – Our team was ½ and ½ out here in Bulgaria. We did meetings in English most of the time. 28:07 – Chuck: Are you located in Sofia? Georgi: Yes. 28:15 – Chuck: When you get outside of the city is there a programming community? 28:20 – Georgi: Yes, definitely. Again, though, it does change. When they graduate from the Telerik Academy... 29:27 – Chuck: I live in Utah and we are between NV and WY and CO. There is an area (North of Salt Lake City) that has a healthy tech scene. It depends on where you are in UT for a strong/weak teach center. 30:31 – Georgi: I would think the younger kids would like to do it and they need to do it here in the bigger cities. That is not unusual. 31:00 – Chuck: Yes, people pick up the skills and get hired and then they go and work remotely. Do you have a Medium account? 31:20 - Georgi: Yes, through Twitter and Medium. 32:20 – Picks! Links: jQuery Angular JavaScript Vue C++ C# Georgi’s LinkedIn Georgi’s Medium Georgi’s Medium Article Georgi’s Twitter Georgi’s GitHub Georgi’s Stack Overflow Georgi’s Blog Sponsors: Get A Coder Job Fresh Books Cache Fly Picks: Georgi Find your thing and take a leap of faith – it’s never too late. Angular BrowserModule Book: The Three-Body Problem by Cixin Liu Book: Getting to Yes by Roger Fisher Charles The Diabetes Code by Dr. Jason Fung Audible Book: Ultramarathon Man by Dean Karnazes 2 Keto Dudes Walk or Run a 5K everyday (3.1 miles)

Noter og PDF på SIVP.dk/41 Anders Jensen har været dyrlæge på Købehavns Dyrehospital i 9 år, hvor han ser mange intern medicinske og gastrointestinale cases. Ældre patienter med flere symptomer Middel-alderen er 9-11 år på diagnose tidspunktet, så det er ældre patienter, der kan have andre sygdomme også. Anders oplever at med netop denne type patienter, kan man nemt komme til at ”blæse ejeren bagover”, med alt for mange oplysninger fra starten. Det kan altså være en fordel, hvis det er den samme dyrlæge, der møder patienten hver gang. Anders fortæller at langt de fleste (75 %) af hypofysær betinget Cushings Diagnose og symptomer Cushings er ikke en laboratoriediagnose, fortæller Anders. Det er en klinisk diagnose, vi skal stille på patientens symptomer. Hvis man har laboratoriefund, der ikke passer med de kliniske symptomer, må man træde lidt tilbage og eventuelt vente lidt. Patienten skal måske have tid til at udvikle sig, så vi senere kan lave en re-evaluering. Det klassiske symptom, hvor ejeren melder sig på klinikken, er PU/PD der er kraftig nok til at hunden tisse på gulvet eller skal ud hele tiden. Dertil kommer øget respirations, tab af muskulatur og ændre fedtaflejringen. Diverse hudproblemer og pelstab er også almindeligt. Paraklinisk ser min op til 90 % af patienterner har forhøjelse af alkatisk fosfatase og stress leukogram. Urinen vil ofte have lav vægtfylde og der kan ses proteinuri. UPC-ratioen, kan være 3-5 – her skal man dog være opmærksom af udelukke cystitis og nyreproblemer først, fortæller Anders. Diagnostiske tests for Cushings Urin Cortisol Creatinin Ratioen UPC-ratioen er meget sensitiv og ikke særlig specifik. Det betyder at testen slår ud ofte (og næsten altid når hunden har Cushings), men også giver udslag ved andre sygdomme. Denne test er god til patienter med svage symptomer, hvor man gerne vil _udelukke_ Cushings syndrom – vil kan altså kun bruge det negative svar. Er testen positiv, skal vi videre med andres tests. ACTH-stimulationstest ACTH-stimulationstest er ikke en særligt sensitiv test, men den er mere specifik. Det betyder at en del hunde med Cushings syndrom ikke vil vise sig på denne test. Anders udfører oftest denne test på de små hunderacer, men hvis testen er negativ, kan han også finde på at gå videre med LDDS-test. Low Dose Dexamethason Suppresions-test Low dose dexamethason suppresions-test er mest anvendelig på de store hunderacer, fortæller Anders, da de oftest har den adrenale form. LDDS-testen er nemlig mest sensitiv for denne type Cushings.

This dissertation addresses the application of the statistical computing language R in the study of evolution and diversification of plants. The topics included range from the worldwide historical biogeography of the cucurbit family and the phylogenetic composition of the Mediterranean Oxalis flora in central Chile to the interplay between population genetics and climatic niche evolution in four Horde- um clades in the Americas. In these studies, I drew on existing methods in R and on java and C programs that could be easily integrated with R. Whenever necessary, I created additional software available in four new R packages. R's features, e.g., intersystem-interfaces, extensibility, reproducibility and advanced graphical capability, proved well suited for evolutionary and phylogenetic research. My coauthors and I addressed the history of Cucurbitaceae, one of the most economically important families of plants, using a multi-gene phylogeny for 114 of the 115 genera and 25 per cent of the 960 species. Worldwide sampling was achieved by using specimens from 30 herbaria. Results reveal an Asian origin of Cucurbitaceae in the Late Cretaceous, followed by the repeated spread of lineages into the African, American and Australian continents via transoceanic long-distance dispersal (LDD). North American cucurbits stem from at least seven range expansions of Central and South American lineages; Madagascar was colonized 13 times, always from Africa; Australia was reached 12 times, apparently always from Southeast Asia. Overall, Cucurbitaceae underwent at least 43 successful LDD events over the past 60 Myr, which would translate into an average of seven LDDs every 10 Myr. These and similar findings from other angiosperms stress the need for an increased tapping of museum collections to achieve extensive geographical sampling in plant phylogenetics. The second study focused on the interplay of population demography with the evolution of ecological niches during or after speciation in Hordeum. While large populations maintain a high level of standing genetic diversity, gene ow and recombination buffers against fast alterations in ecological adaptation. Small populations harbor lower allele diversity but can more easily shift to new niches if they initially survive under changed conditions. Thus, large populations should be more conservative regarding niche changes in comparison to small populations. My coauthors and I used environmental niche modeling together with phylogenetic, phylogeographic and population genetic analyses to infer the correlation of population demography with changes in ecological niche dimensions in 12 diploid Hordeum species from the New World, forming four monophyletic groups. Our analyses found both shifts and conservatism in certain niche dimensions within and among clades. Speciation due to vicariance resulted in three species with no pronounced climate niche differences, while species originating due to long-distance dispersals or otherwise encountering genetic bottlenecks mostly revealed climate niche shifts. Niche convergence among clades indicates a niche-filling pattern during the last 2 Myr in South American Hordeum. We provide evidence that species that did not encounter population reductions mainly show ecoclimatic niche conservatism, while major niche shifts have occurred in species that have undergone population bottlenecks. Our analyses allow the conclusion that population demography influences adaptation and niche shifts or conservatism in South American Hordeum species. Finally, I studied the phylogenetic composition of Oxalis flora of Mediterranean zone of Chile by asking whether in such a species-rich clade xerophytic adaptations arose in parallel, at different times, or simultaneously. Answering this type of question has been a major concern of evolutionary biology over the past few years, with a growing consensus that lineages tend to be conservative in their vegetative traits and niche requirements. Combined nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences for 112 species of Oxalidales (4900 aligned nucleotides) were used for a fossil-calibrated phylogeny that includes 43 of the 54 species of Chilean Oxalis, and species distribution models (SDMs) incorporating precipitation, temperature, and fog, and the phylogeny were used to reconstruct ancestral habitat preferences, relying on likelihood and Bayesian techniques. Since uneven collecting can reduce the power of SDMs, we compared 3 strategies to correct for collecting effort. Unexpectedly, the Oxalis flora of Chile consists of 7 distant lineages that originated at different times prior to the last Andean uplift pulse; some had features preadapting them to seasonally arid or xeric conditions. Models that incorporated fog and a `collecting activity surface' performed best and identified the Mediterranean zone as a hotspot of Oxalis species as well as lineage diversity because it harbors a mix of ancient and young groups, including insuficiently arid-adapted species. There is no evidence of rapid adaptive radiation.