Podcasts about Horatio Gates

Following the American defeat in Charleston, the American's regroup under Horatio Gates. Gates, soon after taking command, would lead his new army into battle at Camden for a battle that would come to define Gates and his ultimate legacy.Join us on social media! Threads: https://www.threads.net/@uspoliticalpodcastTwitter: https://twitter.com/ushistpodcastFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/USPoliticalpodcast/Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/uspoliticalpodcast/Website: https://www.uspoliticalpodcast.com/Bibliography: https://uspoliticalpodcast.com/?page_id=196

On Monday, January 27, 2025, SRNY commemorated the birthday of Frederick Samuel Tallmadge, the second President of the Sons of the Revolution℠ in the State of New York, Inc., whose generosity enabled the Society to acquire Fraunces Tavern in 1904. Our featured speaker was Richard Brookhiser,* author of Glorious Lessons: John Trumbull, Painter of the American Revolution. This engaging book tells the life-story of John Trumbull, and also explains the significance of Trumbull's celebrated Revolutionary War paintings, which reflected Trumbull's personal experience as aide to George Washington and to Horatio Gates. Richard Brookhiser is a celebrated journalist and author who has written a series of biographies and other books on American founders and other leading figures in American history, including Alexander Hamilton, Governor Morris, George Washington, John Marshall, James Madison, Abraham Lincoln and the Adams family dynasty. *The views of the speakers are their own and do not necessarily represent the views of Sons of the Revolution℠ in the State of New York, Inc. or its Fraunces Tavern® Museum.

Esto es HistoCast. No es Esparta pero casi. Empezamos hoy una nueva serie sobre el legado del imperio español en los Estados Unidos de la mano de @cerveranavas. En esta ocasión, nos detenemos en la ayuda de España a la independencia de los Estados Unidos, a menudo desconocida o infravalorada. Participan también en esta serie de dos capítulos @danigalpe, @HugoACanete y @goyix_salduero.Secciones Historia: - Resumen de la primera parte - 00:11:20 - Las negociaciones diplomáticas de Franklin con Vergennes y el conde de Aranda en París en diciembre de 1776 - 00:33:55 - El viaje de Lee a España y la reunión con Grimaldi y Gardoqui en Burgos a comienzos de 1777 - 00:33:50 - Gálvez recibe un envío de ayuda para los rebeldes en Nueva Orleans en abril de 1777 - 00:36:28 - El Congreso Estadounidense escribe a Bernardo de Gálvez como a un aliado - 00:42:00 - Entrevista a Manuel Olmedo Checa sobre Bernardo de Gálvez - 00:45:07 - España manda un embajador informal a George Washington, Juan de Miralles, y espías a las colonias rebeldes - 1:14:58 - Las operaciones militares del año 1777, la toma de Filadelfia por los ingleses y la batalla de Germantown - 1:19:33 - La campaña de Burgoyne y la victoria estadounidense en Saratoga gracias a la ayuda organizada por Beaumarchais - 1:22:51 - Las razones de la entrada de Francia en la guerra a comienzos de 1778 - 1:38:14 - El infierno del general Washington en Valley Forge - 1:43:34 - La Gran Bretaña se da cuenta de sus errores militares y se dispone a luchar contra los Borbones - 1:47:50 - Clinton evacua Filadelfia y la confusa batalla de Mount Mouth - 1:52:25 - El conde D'Estaign sale de Toulon, intenta sorprender a los ingleses en Nueva York y fracasa frente en Newport - 1:55:00 - España sondea la posibilidad de mantenerse neutral a cambio de Gibraltar, se propone como mediador y negocia con Francia la entrada en la guerra - 1:59:18 - Las victorias de Cornwallis en las colonias del sur, la guerra en el mar y la entrada de España en la guerra en junio de 1779 - 2:03:38 - La fracasada invasión franco-española de la Gran Bretaña - 2:11:25 - Entrevista a Miguel Ángel Gálvez, presidente de la Asociación Bernardo de Gálvez - 2:19:32 - Bernardo de Gálvez ayuda a Washington antes de la entrada de España en la Guerra - 2:33:07 - Oliver Pollock - 2:36:54 - Entrevista a Teresa Valcarce - 2:39:36 - Gálvez y los Saint-Maixent - 3:10:04 - La Marcha de Gálvez - 3:15:04 - El “toma y daca” naval de 1779 - 3:32:17 - La historia del Galveztown, el bergantín de Bernardo de Gálvez - 3:35:11 - La Habana se resiste a mandar refuerzos a Gálvez y conquista la Mobila sin ayuda - 3:39:37 - Don Luis de Córdova y la acción del 9 de agosto de 1780 - 3:45:07 - La expedición particular de Rochambeau y Lafayette, la derrota de Horatio Gates en Camden - 3:50:29 - El sitio y la toma de Panzacola - 3:58:44 - Las victorias de Nathaniel Greene en las Carolinas y - 4:15:56 - El conde de Grasse, Francisco Saavedra y la campaña de Yorktown - 4:24:07 - La guerra sigue fuera del teatro americano - 4:36:49 - Conclusiones - 4:42:00 - Bibliografía - 5:28:46

This week, Drew tackles one of the most important campaigns during the early days of the American Revolution, the Saratoga Campaign. From discussing the prelude to the campaign to each side's strategies, and even how much of a bum they believe Horatio Gates is, there's plenty to dig into on this episode of The Gun Rack! - The Gun Rack is the official podcast of the Sonoran Desert Institute (SDI) School of Firearm Technology. For more info about SDI, check out our website at www.sdi.edu. 

On our last episode, we left George Washington's ragtag Continental Army without any shoes in the snow, marching their bloody way to Valley Forge in December, 1777.The year 1777 had been a lousy one for the American cause—Washington couldn't seem to decisively win a battle against the British (who held the American capital of Philadelphia), other generals were actively conspiring to have Washington removed and replaced by themselves (most notably Horatio Gates, who actually had won a decisive battle against the British at Saratoga), Congress was in exile, unable to raise the money needed to keep the army fed and supplied, and it was winter.The good news about winter was that armies tended to avoid campaigning when it was cold. The bad news was that it was cold (see the part above about no shoes).So the situation was dire. The whole thing left me thinking that the army's prospects were not good at all. The safe bet was on the British to win.Since I don't know much about military history or strategy, I've brought in a special guest to help out.Cullen Farrell is a co-host of the Drinks With Great Minds In History Podcast, a world history teacher, and a poet. Check out the links below for all the places you can find him:Drinks With Great Minds In History PodcastCullen's Historical PoetryIf you want to help keep the trainwrecks on the tracks, try our new $1 per month Patreon support level. Subscribe to History's TrainwrecksSupport this show http://supporter.acast.com/historys-trainwrecks. Help keep trainwrecks on the tracks. Become a supporter at https://plus.acast.com/s/historys-trainwrecks. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

“If old England is not by this lesson taught humility, then she is an obstinate old slut, bent upon her ruin.” - Horatio Gates This is the story of 1777's Saratoga and Philadelphia campaigns.  Playboy and playwright General "Gentleman Johnny" Burgoyne is leading a Canadian-based invasion of upstate New York–and it's a tale of egos. From Britain's Gentleman Johnny to America's Horatio Gates and Benedict Arnold, a lot of Generals are looking out for "number one." But Saratoga is more than that; its outcome will help Ben Franklin score a full-on military alliance avec la France.  Meanwhile, George Washington is doing a dance with General Sir William Howe in PA. George loses battles; Howe loses his dog. And as the year's end arrives, the towering Virginian is once again being doubted and facing yet another demoralizing winter's camp at Valley Forge. ___  2 Ways to dive deeper into History That Doesn't Suck Join our growing Facebook community Become part of the HTDS Patreon family Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

When the British surrendered at Yorktown, the war ended and American independence was secure.  Or was it?   The British still occupied Savannah, Charleston, and New York City, and the Congress was not able to pay the American army.  During the two years between Cornwallis's surrender and the final British evacuation, George Washington faced one of the gravest crises in American history--an attempt by some of his officers to usurp the authority of Congress and establish themselves in power.  Would Washington go along?  We talk with William M. Fowler, author of American Crisis:  George Washington and the Dangerous Two Years After Yorktown 1781-1783.  You thought winning the war was difficult--wait till you hear about winning the peace!  

This week our guest is JAR contributor Mike Matheny. Horatio Gates began his career as a bright star in the Continental Army, but left with a less-than-stellar reputation. For more information visit www.allthingsliberty.com. 

Find out which British Officer helped lead troops under General Guy Carleton's command resulting in Continental Army removal from Quebec. Learn if General Guy Carleton got replaced by an officer below him including whether replacement made was for better or worse. Discover if tensions occurred between Horatio Gates & Philip Schuyler including how they impacted Congress's means to resolve their differences. Learn who George Washington wrote to on July 10, 1777 regarding concerns about dire situation in New York including whom he wanted to have play a key role. Learn how Benedict Arnold got moved from Fort Edward to Fort Stanwix along with Philip Schuyler's involvement in slowing down British advance southward towards intended target of Albany. Determine if Benedict Arnold was already aware of Horatio Gates's strong dislike of other Patriot Officers. Get an understanding behind one instant cause of tension between Arnold & Gates. Learn what approach Horatio Gates preferred to warfare. Get an in depth analysis behind what took place starting on September 12, 1777 and what ensued come September 19. Learn how Benedict Arnold felt after September 19 including where his relationship with Horatio Gates stood. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/kirk-monroe/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/kirk-monroe/support

General Cornwallis routes the Americans at Camden, SC, destroying a second southern army and ending the military career of Horatio Gates. Blog https://blog.AmRevPodcast.com includes a complete transcript, as well as pictures, and links related to this week's episode. Book Recommendation of the Week: The Battle of Camden: A Documentary History, by Jim Piecuch. Online Recommendation of the Week: Lynch, Wayne “Unluck or Inept? Gates at Camden” Journal of the American Revolution, May 1, 2014: https://allthingsliberty.com/2014/05/unlucky-or-inept-gates-at-camden “Winner or Runner? Gates at Camden” Journal of the American Revolution, April 8, 2014: https://allthingsliberty.com/2014/04/winner-or-runner-gates-at-camden Join the Facebook group, American Revolution Podcast: https://www.facebook.com/groups/132651894048271 Follow the podcast on Twitter @AmRevPodcast Join the podcast mail list: https://mailchi.mp/d3445a9cd244/american-revolution-podcast-by-michael-troy  ARP T-shirts and other merch: http://tee.pub/lic/AmRevPodcast Support this podcast on Patreon https://www.patreon.com/AmRevPodcast or via PayPal http://paypal.me/AmRevPodcast

Society of Cincinnati, chivalric order, American order of knighthood, Newburgh Address, George Washington, Continental Army, Continental officers corp., military pay, half pay for life, inflation, debasement of currency, early American currencies, Henry Knox, Horatio Gates, Nicholas Fish, Fish family, Alexander Hamilton, Newburgh Address, Robert Morris, creditor's union, speculators, military coup, false flag, taxation, power to tax, Articles of Confederation, Continental Congress, threat of military dictatorship, monarchy, Federalist party, Federalism, Bank of the United States, national bank, "American system" vs "British system," free trade, Thomas Jefferson, industrial vs agrarian visions for America, strong executive, "Polish order," Order of the White Eagle, Sovereign Order of Saint John, Constitutional Convention, US Constitution, Cincinnati role in shaping, threat of monarchy, false flag, Cincinnati as political machine behind Federalists, Shay's Rebellion, Whiskey Rebellion, intrigues, visions of the early American Empire, Freemasons, Cincinnati's relationship with Freemasonry, Samuel ShawCorrections: During the intro, I meant to say American Civil War rather than World War II in terms of Ohioan presidents. Beginning with Grant, and continuing through the early 20th century, Ohio produced many of the nation's presidents.Also, the Newburgh Address was issued on March 10 and called for the meeting on March 11. I was right about the date of the meeting initially, wrong about the date the address was issued on  Get bonus content on Patreon Our GDPR privacy policy was updated on August 8, 2022. Visit acast.com/privacy for more information.

Learn if any tension existed over whom ought to be in charge of Continental Army prior to British advancing South. Learn how Horatio Gates got nod for becoming Southern Continental Army Commander including why date of July 25, 1781 was important. Discover General Gates's Leadership Traits including hardships endured by soldiers under his command. Find out if General Gates met an officer from South Carolina prior to August 16. Get an in depth analysis behind dates of August 15-16, 1780, what led up to & occurred on day battle itself commenced. Discover just how important Camden Battle Outcome was for the victorious party. Learn if any surprise attacks occurred prior to August 16 & in the days after including their outcomes. Discover how Charles Cornwallis evolved in terms of ranking status in British Army from 1775 up until time of his arrival South. Discover what outlook British Government had towards their overall campaign objective in the South. Find out exactly what kind of system had Cornwallis grown up under from a militaristic standpoint. Learn about Henry Rugeley including his loyalties and the kind of impact it had on General Lord Charles Cornwallis come late 1780. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/kirk-monroe/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/kirk-monroe/support

British-born officer Horatio Gates, a veteran of the French and Indian Wars, moved to the colonies at the eve of the Revolution. He quickly rose up the ranks to become a major general and led his troops to major victories at Saratoga and other battles. Conflicts with George Washington and subsequent defeats led him to be relieved of command in 1780. Later, he served in the New York legislature.

Eric Schnitzer, military historian and park ranger at the Saratoga National Historic Park joins us to talk about the campaign of General Burgoyne and his armies--British, German, Native American, and Americans--which captured Ticonderoga and was marching on to Albany in 1777.  But Burgoyne became the first British general ever to surrender his army to a foreign foe in modern times.  What happened to stop them?   We hear about Horatio Gates and the New England militia, Hubbardton and Bennington, and the extraordinary journals of the Baroness Reidesel.  

Als Engländer die amerikanische Kolonie zur Raison bringen? Oder mit Horatio Gates für die Unabhängigkeit kämpfen? Beides ist möglich in Freeman's Farm 1777 von Worthington Publishing. Links: Solospiele Treff Feedback Thread auf BGG Freeman's Farm 1777 Maurice Suckling Worthington Publishing Yukon Airways Undaunted Stalingrad Valiant Defense: Lanzerath Ridge auf Kickstarter Sauria : The Dinosaur Park Survival Game auf Kickstarter Marvel Zombies - A Zombicide Game auf Kickstarter Golem Cantaloop Buch 2 - Ein ausgehackter Plan Einzelspiel Podcast Sonderfolge: Interview mit Mathias Wigge (Arche Nova) Einzelspiel Podcast Folge 23: Rückblick 2021 GMT P500 The Hunters 4th Printing Silent Victory 3rd Printing Fire & Stone Frosted Games Puzzle Puzzle bedrohte Tierarten Tarawa 1943 MicroMacro Crime City Full House Arche Nova Cthulhu Death May Die Under Falling Skies Dream Cruise Azul auf Board Game Arena

Jack Kelly, author of Valcour:  The 1776 Campaign that Saved the Cause of Liberty tells us about this critical--and nearly forgotten--naval battle on Lake Champlain.  It was not an American victory--but it did prevent the British from moving down the Hudson and winning the war.  Find out how Benedict Arnold built a fleet in the summer of 1776 to slow down the British invasion, and make victory possible.  

Hey, y'all! This week we are going the furthest back in time we have ever gone before: the midst of the Revolutionary War. While we Americans mostly know about a handful of battles and a half dozen founding fathers, one of the things we absolutely didn't learn about were the few times that folks floated the idea of just having America become a monarchy.  In this episode we will be covering the Newburgh conspiracy, the Prussian scheme, and the disappointed dad energy of George Washington.

When the King heard his forces had taken Ticonderoga in August 1777, he thought he had won the war.  What went wrong?  We talk with Kevin Weddle about his new book, The Compleat Victory, about the decisive battle of Saratoga.  How did the British strategy go so badly wrong--and why did the Americans win?  And what did the victory mean?  Kevin Weddle is an historian, but also a graduate of West Point with a 28-year career in the United States Army.  He now teaches military theory and strategy at the U.S. Army War College, and brings a lifetime of experience and a depth of research to bear in giving a new history of this important battle, and the characters involved--Burgoyne and Gates, Arnold and Gansevoort, and many others.   

Learn how 20 Renegade Militiamen arrived by Horseback on July 25, 1780 into General Horatio Gates Camp only to be ridiculed for their dress appearance. Discover how a 48 Year Old Man standing 5 Feet 2 Inches Tall stood up to Horatio Gates and his men by putting them in their place. Understand why July 1780 marked a dangerous moment for Patriots in South. Learn just how ineffective of a leader Horatio Gates was and why he had little time for the Renegade Militiaman Force. Find out the assignment given to the militiamen which will spare them from death. Discover how Francis Marion and his followers engaged in a different method of warfare which Marion himself learned from French & Indian War Fighting Days. Understand the battle outcomes of 8/18-8/19 & how they drastically impacted South Carolinians Morale. Learn how one man's holdout kept Flame Of Independence alive in South Carolina by reinventing new militaristic strategies. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/kirk-monroe/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/kirk-monroe/support

In the weeks following the battle of Germantown, the Continentals camp at Whitemarsh, only a few miles from the British lines.  There, they set up defenses and prepare for another battle.  Washington deploys Alexander Hamilton to see Horatio Gates in NY, in an attempt to get Gates to send reinforcements.  The army also tries and cashiers Gen. Adam Stephen following accusations from Germantown.  Congress orders the Continental Navy to sink several ships on the Delaware river to prevent their capture. After several weeks, the British army advance on the Continentals at Whitemarsh, but find the lines too well defended. After the British return to Philadelphia, the Continentals move into winter quarters at Valley Forge. Visit my site at https://blog.AmRevPodcast.com for more text, pictures, maps, and sources on this topic. Book Recommendation of the Week: Alexander Hamilton, by Ron Chernow. Online Recommendation of the Week: Whitemarsh; an address delivered before the Pennsylvania society of Sons of the revolution at Whitemarsh, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, June 19, 1909, by Charles Henry Jones, https://archive.org/details/whitemarshaddres00jone_0 Contact me via email at mtroy.history@gmail.com Follow the podcast on Twitter @AmRevPodcast Join the Facebook group, American Revolution Podcast: https://www.facebook.com/groups/132651894048271 Join the podcast mail list: https://mailchi.mp/d3445a9cd244/american-revolution-podcast-by-michael-troy

In the weeks following the battle of Germantown, the Continentals camp at Whitemarsh, only a few miles from the British lines.  There, they set up defenses and prepare for another battle.  Washington deploys Alexander Hamilton to see Horatio Gates in NY, in an attempt to get Gates to send reinforcements.  The army also tries and cashiers Gen. Adam Stephen following accusations from Germantown.  Congress orders the Continental Navy to sink several ships on the Delaware river to prevent their capture. After several weeks, the British army advance on the Continentals at Whitemarsh, but find the lines too well defended. After the British return to Philadelphia, the Continentals move into winter quarters at Valley Forge. Visit my site at https://blog.AmRevPodcast.com for more text, pictures, maps, and sources on this topic. Book Recommendation of the Week: Alexander Hamilton, by Ron Chernow. Online Recommendation of the Week: Whitemarsh; an address delivered before the Pennsylvania society of Sons of the revolution at Whitemarsh, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, June 19, 1909, by Charles Henry Jones, https://archive.org/details/whitemarshaddres00jone_0 Contact me via email at mtroy.history@gmail.com Follow the podcast on Twitter @AmRevPodcast Join the Facebook group, American Revolution Podcast: https://www.facebook.com/groups/132651894048271

After failing to push through the American Lines, British General Burgoyne holds out for a relief force from New York City.  Although the British attack Kingston, NY as a distraction, the Continental Army keeps its focus on Burgoyne's army.  Finally, with no options left, General Burgoyne agrees to a surrender.  General Gates agrees to generous terms, promising to send Burgoyne's army back to England.  However, the Continental Congress refuses to comply with those terms and keeps the army prisoner for the remainder of the war.   Visit my site at https://blog.AmRevPodcast.com for more text, pictures, maps, and sources on this topic. Book Recommendation of the Week: The Generals of Saratoga: John Burgoyne and Horatio Gates, by Max M. Mintz, 1990. Online Recommendation of the Week: HistoryAuthorTalks.com   Contact me via email at mtroy.history@gmail.com Follow the podcast on Twitter @AmRevPodcast Join the Facebook group, American Revolution Podcast: https://www.facebook.com/groups/132651894048271

After failing to push through the American Lines, British General Burgoyne holds out for a relief force from New York City.  Although the British attack Kingston, NY as a distraction, the Continental Army keeps its focus on Burgoyne's army.  Finally, with no options left, General Burgoyne agrees to a surrender.  General Gates agrees to generous terms, promising to send Burgoyne's army back to England.  However, the Continental Congress refuses to comply with those terms and keeps the army prisoner for the remainder of the war.   Visit my site at https://blog.AmRevPodcast.com for more text, pictures, maps, and sources on this topic. Book Recommendation of the Week: The Generals of Saratoga: John Burgoyne and Horatio Gates, by Max M. Mintz, 1990. Online Recommendation of the Week: HistoryAuthorTalks.com   Contact me via email at mtroy.history@gmail.com Follow the podcast on Twitter @AmRevPodcast Join the Facebook group, American Revolution Podcast: https://www.facebook.com/groups/132651894048271 Join the podcast mail list: https://mailchi.mp/d3445a9cd244/american-revolution-podcast-by-michael-troy

British General Sir Henry Clinton makes a desperate attempt to distract the Continental Army facing General Burgoyne in the upper Hudson Valley.  Clinton captures Forts Clinton and Montgomery but fails to cause any of the Continentals under Horatio Gates to turn focus away from Burgoyne. Visit my site at https://blog.AmRevPodcast.com for more text, pictures, maps, and sources on this topic. Book Recommendation of the Week: Logusz, Michael O. With Musket & Tomahawk: The West Point-Hudson Valley Campaign in the Wilderness War of 1777, Carrell Books, 2016 Online Recommendation of the Week: Clay, Steven E. Staff Ride Handbook for the Saratoga Campaign, 13 June to 8 November 1777, Combat Studies Institute Press, 2018: https://www.armyupress.army.mil/Portals/7/educational-services/staff-rides/Staff-Ride-Handbook-Saratoga-Campaign.pdf   Contact me via email at mtroy.history@gmail.com Follow the podcast on Twitter @AmRevPodcast Join the Facebook group, American Revolution Podcast: https://www.facebook.com/groups/132651894048271

British General Sir Henry Clinton makes a desperate attempt to distract the Continental Army facing General Burgoyne in the upper Hudson Valley.  Clinton captures Forts Clinton and Montgomery but fails to cause any of the Continentals under Horatio Gates to turn focus away from Burgoyne. Visit my site at https://blog.AmRevPodcast.com for more text, pictures, maps, and sources on this topic. Book Recommendation of the Week: Logusz, Michael O. With Musket & Tomahawk: The West Point-Hudson Valley Campaign in the Wilderness War of 1777, Carrell Books, 2016 Online Recommendation of the Week: Clay, Steven E. Staff Ride Handbook for the Saratoga Campaign, 13 June to 8 November 1777, Combat Studies Institute Press, 2018: https://www.armyupress.army.mil/Portals/7/educational-services/staff-rides/Staff-Ride-Handbook-Saratoga-Campaign.pdf   Contact me via email at mtroy.history@gmail.com Follow the podcast on Twitter @AmRevPodcast Join the Facebook group, American Revolution Podcast: https://www.facebook.com/groups/132651894048271 Join the podcast mail list: https://mailchi.mp/d3445a9cd244/american-revolution-podcast-by-michael-troy

The Battle of Saratoga was an incredible turn of fortunes for the United States. British Gen. John Burgoyne thought he would cut off New England from the rest of the colonies. Instead, he lost the battle and was forced to surrender 20,000 troops. Saratoga was also Benedict Arnold's finest hour. He loathed American commander Horatio Gates, who relieved Arnold of his command. Nonetheless, at the Battle of Bemis Heights on October 7, 1777, Arnold took command of American soldiers whom he led in an assault against the British. Arnold’s fierce attack disordered the enemy and led to an American victory. The decisive Patriot victory compelled France to enter the war as an ally with the United States.

This week at In The Past Lane, the American History podcast, we take a look at one of the most perilous moments during the American Revolution: The Newburgh Conspiracy of 1783 that threatened to plunge the new republic into civil war. That is until George Washington intervened and defused the would-be revolt among officers of the Continental Army.   And we also take a look at some key events that occurred this week in US history, like the 1862 battle between the ironclads USS Monitor and CSS Virginia and FDR’s first fireside chat in 1933. And birthdays, including March 10, 1867 - progressive reformer and nurse Lillian Wald March 12, 1922 novelist and poet, Jack Kerouac March 15, 1767 - the seventh President of the United States, Andrew Jackson Feature Story: George Washington Defuses the Newburgh Conspiracy On March 15, 1783 – 237 years ago this week - Gen. George Washington arrived at Newburgh, NY, which was the winter quarters of Continental Army. A peace treaty with England had yet to be signed, but combat between American and British forces had ended sixteen months earlier in October 1781 with the British surrender at Yorktown. But the mood among the men and officers was decidedly not celebratory. They were angry at Congress for not paying them and for providing poor provisions. They felt disrespected and ignored by the national government. But Washington had not come to Newburgh to cheer them up. He had come to thwart a scheme that threatened to destroy the young republic that had just earned its independence.  One of the key figures in that scheme – what came to be called the Newburgh Conspiracy - was Major John Armstrong, aide de camp to Washington’s chief rival, Horatio Gates. Five days earlier, Armstrong had issued an inflammatory address in which he said the time for politely pleading with Congress to fulfill its obligations to the army had come to an end. The officers of the army, said Armstrong, should issue an ultimatum. If Congress did not act, the army would either disband, leaving the nation vulnerable to renewed British attack, or it would refuse to disband once a peace treaty had been signed. This latter option was a thinly veiled threat of a military coup. When Washington learned of Armstrong’s address and talk of mutiny among the officer corps, he sent a message urging the men to keep their cool and not do anything rash. He sympathized with the men and understood their anger, but he also feared that any unauthorized action could lead to civil war and the end of the American republic. Washington, like most of the Founders, knew that many revolutions in history were followed by a civil war, as the factions that had united against a common foe turned on each other. To defuse this perilous situation, Washington called a meeting of the officers at Newburgh for March 15 to discuss the matter, implying that he would not be in attendance. One can only imagine their surprise when, as their meeting was getting under way, in strode General Washington. The atmosphere was tense. A hush fell over the room and Washington began to speak, urging the men to resist the call to mutiny. For if they did act illegally, they would squander all the good will they had accumulated during the war: “Let me entreat you, gentlemen, on your part, not to take any measures, which viewed in the calm light of reason, will lessen the dignity, and sully the glory you have hitherto maintained; let me request you to rely on the plighted faith of your country, and place a full confidence in the purity of the intentions of Congress.… By thus determining — & thus acting, you will pursue the plain & direct road to the attainment of your wishes. You will defeat the insidious designs of our enemies, who are compelled to resort from open force to secret artifice. You will give one more distinguished proof of unexampled patriotism & patient virtue, rising superior to the pressure of the most complicated sufferings…” When he finished, Washington reached into his pocket and pulled out a letter. But as he scanned the text, he fumbled for his reading glasses, saying to the officers, “Gentlemen, you must pardon me. I have grown old in the service of my country and now find that I am growing blind.” With that offhand reference to his personal sacrifice on behalf of the American cause, many in the room began to cry and the anger subsided. Washington had snuffed out the Newburgh Conspiracy. Three days later, Washington wrote to Congress to assure them that the crisis was over. Who exactly was behind the Newburgh Conspiracy and how serious was the talk of mutiny and insurrection, remains a mystery. But the crisis was significant for several reasons. One, it revealed how weak and ineffective the national government was under the Articles of Confederation, and therefore it played a role in spurring on the movement for what became the Constitutional Convention four years later. Second, the crisis provided one of several moments in this period where the leadership of George Washington proved critical. As one biographer put it, Washington was the “indispensable man” who at every critical moment in the nation’s founding, provided the steady hand, dignified demeanor, and selfless leadership that helped maintain unity and dedication to the common cause. For more information about the In The Past Lane podcast, head to our website, www.InThePastLane.com  Music for This Episode Jay Graham, ITPL Intro (JayGMusic.com) The Joy Drops, “Track 23,” Not Drunk (Free Music Archive) Borrtex, “Perception” (Free Music Archive) Blue Dot Sessions, "Pat Dog" (Free Music Archive) Jon Luc Hefferman, “Winter Trek” (Free Music Archive) The Bell, “I Am History” (Free Music Archive) Production Credits Executive Producer: Lulu Spencer Graphic Designer: Maggie Cellucci Website by: ERI Design Legal services: Tippecanoe and Tyler Too Social Media management: The Pony Express Risk Assessment: Little Big Horn Associates Growth strategies: 54 40 or Fight © In The Past Lane, 2020 Recommended History Podcasts Ben Franklin’s World with Liz Covart @LizCovart The Age of Jackson Podcast @AgeofJacksonPod Backstory podcast – the history behind today’s headlines @BackstoryRadio Past Present podcast with Nicole Hemmer, Neil J. Young, and Natalia Petrzela @PastPresentPod 99 Percent Invisible with Roman Mars @99piorg Slow Burn podcast about Watergate with @leoncrawl The Memory Palace – with Nate DiMeo, story teller extraordinaire @thememorypalace The Conspirators – creepy true crime stories from the American past @Conspiratorcast The History Chicks podcast @Thehistorychix My History Can Beat Up Your Politics @myhist Professor Buzzkill podcast – Prof B takes on myths about the past @buzzkillprof Footnoting History podcast @HistoryFootnote The History Author Show podcast @HistoryDean More Perfect podcast - the history of key US Supreme Court cases @Radiolab Revisionist History with Malcolm Gladwell @Gladwell Radio Diaries with Joe Richman @RadioDiaries DIG history podcast @dig_history The Story Behind – the hidden histories of everyday things @StoryBehindPod Studio 360 with Kurt Andersen – specifically its American Icons series @Studio360show Uncivil podcast – fascinating takes on the legacy of the Civil War in contemporary US @uncivilshow Stuff You Missed in History Class @MissedinHistory The Whiskey Rebellion – two historians discuss topics from today’s news @WhiskeyRebelPod American History Tellers ‏@ahtellers The Way of Improvement Leads Home with historian John Fea @JohnFea1 The Bowery Boys podcast – all things NYC history @BoweryBoys Ridiculous History @RidiculousHSW The Rogue Historian podcast with historian @MKeithHarris The Road To Now podcast @Road_To_Now Retropod with @mikerosenwald © In The Past Lane 2020

The Battle of Saratoga was incredible turn of fortunes for the United States. British , Gen. John Burgoyne thought he would cut off New England from the rest of the colonies. Instead, he lost the battle and was forced to surrender 20,000 troops. Saratoga was also Benedict Arnold's finest hour. He loathed American commander Horatio Gates, who relieved Arnold of his command. Nonetheless, at the Battle of Bemis Heights on October 7, 1777, Arnold took command of American soldiers whom he led in an assault against the British. Arnold’s fierce attack disordered the enemy and led to American victory. The decisive Patriot victory compelled France to enter the war as an ally with the United States.

The notes for this episode aren't exactly show notes. For more reasons to believe, please check out my book Easter: Fact or Fiction, 20 Reasons to Believe that Jesus Rose from the Dead (click here) OR: Check this post out on my writing blog: Top Ten Reasons to Believe Jesus Rose from the Dead. Recap: 1 Corinthians 15:  12 Now if Christ is proclaimed as raised from the dead, how can some of you say, “There is no resurrection of the dead”? 13 But if there is no resurrection of the dead, then Christ has not been raised; 14 and if Christ has not been raised, then our proclamation is without foundation, and so is your faith. But, as Paul goes on to tell us in 1 Corinthians 15, the Resurrection of Jesus DID, in FACT, Happen!  1 Corinthians 15:20-22 20 But now Christ has been raised from the dead, the firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep. 21 For since death came through a man, the resurrection of the dead also comes through a man. 22 For as in Adam all die, so also in Christ all will be made alive. Let's look at another passage on RAMIFICATIONS OF THE RESURRECTION. RAMIFICATIONS - ONE OF MY FAVORITE WORDS. It means - a consequence of an action or event Romans 6:3 Are you unaware that all of us who were baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into His death? 4 Therefore we were buried with Him by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, so we too may walk in a new way of life.5 For if we have been joined with Him in the likeness of His death, we will certainly also be in the likeness of His resurrection. 6 For we know that our old self was crucified with Him in order that sin's dominion over the body may be abolished, so that we may no longer be enslaved to sin, 7 since a person who has died is freed from sin's claims. 8 Now if we died with Christ, we believe that we will also live with Him, 9 because we know that Christ, having been raised from the dead, will not die again. Death no longer rules over Him. Reasons to Believe: Apologetics is one of my favorite fields of Theology. When I first heard the term, I assumed Apologetics had something to do with apologizing for our faith - like, being all nice about it. “I'm sorry to have to tell you this, but apart from Jesus, you will die and go to hell….I'm sorry if that sounds harsh, and I'm sorry if that offends you.”  I also thought that Silicon Valley, when I was a teenager, was a valley with a lot of sand in it. I sort of new that silicon could be refined out of sand, so I assumed Silicon Valley was the place where they got the sand to make the computer chips and all of the computer companies just built up around that sandy valley.  I was pretty good at assuming when I was younger. However, apologetics does not have anything to do with apologizing, and everybody with half a brain knows that Silicon is not merely sand, but a tetravalent metalloid used in the production of silicon, and that Silicon Valley is more of a euphemism than an actual place valley filled with sand. SO - what is Apologetics?  We get that word from 1 Peter 3:15 Always be ready to give a defense to anyone who asks you for a reason for the hope that is in you. 16 However, do this with gentleness and respect, keeping your conscience clear, so that when you are accused, those who denounce your Christian life will be put to shame. The Greek there for the word ‘defense' is: Apologian, and it means to defend OR to Answer. Literally it means to Answer from Words, or answer with Words. What Peter is saying is that we Christians MUST - it is a command - Be Ready to DEFEND/ANSWER our Beliefs with Words. (Eat that, Francis of Assisi...who never actually said “Preach the Gospel, if Necessary, use words.”)  Apologetics is the field of Christian Endeavor that is focused on following the Biblical Command in 1 Peter 3:15 - HOW DO WE GIVE AN ANSWER FOR BELIEVING THE GOSPEL - and the CENTRAL CLAIM OF THE GOSPEL, THE RESURRECTION.  Think of it this way - Apologetics is like the crowbar that opens the door, and The Gospel is like the Grenade that you toss in. The Gospel is the thing with the POWER OF GOD IN IT.  (Romans 1:16 “16 For I am not ashamed of the gospel, because it is God's power for salvation to everyone who believes”) I thought of that illustration this week, and was immediately kind of excited, almost proud of it, but then I realized, it is kind of violent and boyish. Let me try again:  Apologetics is like the wind that blows away the fog, so you can see an incredible view. The view is the powerful, breathtaking thing, but the wind helps to open eyes to the view. Apologetics - Answering/Defending our faith - is like the flavoring and sweetness in the medicine. The flavoring/sweetness doesn't actually heal you, but it does make people more willing/eager to open their mouths and take in the medicine. A spoonful of apologetics makes the Gospel go down? Not quite - It is the Spirit that makes the heart receptive to the Gospel - but Apologetics has been ordained by God to help open eyes. PROVING something that happened historically is quite difficult, depending on what you mean by ‘proof.'  We don't have video of the Battle of Camden, for instance, and maybe not many of you have heard of it. It was the bloodiest battle of the Revolutionary War. Unfortunately, if you were rooting for America during the Revolution - WE LOST BADLY in this battle. It took place in 1780 just north of Camden, South Carolina. 2000 Brits against 4000 Americans commanded by Horatio Gates. According to American Officer Otho Holland Williams, referring to the British charge, "the impetuosity with which they advanced, firing and huzzaing, threw the whole body of militia into such a panic that they generally threw down their loaded arms and fled in the utmost consternation. The unworthy example of the Virginians was almost instantly followed by the North Carolinians.” Takeaway - one way to win a battle old school is to do a lot of huzzaing!  Furthermore, in a letter to Thomas Jefferson, then governor of Virginia, "picture it as bad as you possibly can and it will not be as bad as it really is.” HOW DO WE KNOW, KNOW, KNOW this happened? Well - we don't have video, or pictures, or surviving witnesses. But virtually no historian alive doubts the major facets of the above narrative about the battle. How do we know it happened?  Reliable Eyewitness testimony in writing.  We see the historical impact of the battle.  So, how can we KNOW, KNOW, KNOW that something so important - and incredible - like Jesus' claimed resurrection FACTUALLY and HISTORICALLY Happened? Well, I think there is several ways to know, and please note that I am not merely saying the way we know is because the Bible says so.  Don't get me wrong, I believe the Bible, but I am thinking of our skeptical friends. That might not be enough for them - so we want to use apologetics to open the door, so we can get the Good News and the truth of the Bible in. Last Week - Appearance of Jesus Argument. By most testimonies, including Isaiah 53:2, Jesus' physical appearance was quite unimpressive. Not tall and imposing, possible monobrow/hooked nose, not handsome or striking. And yet, scientifically and verifiably, Jesus is the most famous person to ever live. HOW COULD THIS BE? I argue that the resurrection of Jesus is the most plausible argument to explain the undoubtable fame of Jesus. Two More Reasons to Believe This Week:  Female Witnesses: Luke 24: 9 Returning from the tomb, they reported all these things to the Eleven and to all the rest. 10 Mary Magdalene, Joanna, Mary the mother of James, and the other women with them were telling the apostles these things. 11 But these words seemed like nonsense to them, and they did not believe the women. 12 Peter, however, got up and ran to the tomb. When he stooped to look in, he saw only the linen cloths. So he went home, amazed at what had happened. Why is this a big deal? Misnah, one of the Rabbis found within testifies that, due to their menstrual issues, “women are not competent witnesses to be relied on…they are not halakhically admissible as reliable witnesses….JOSEPHUS: “But let not a single witness be credited; but three, or two at the least, and those such whose testimony is confirmed by their good lives. But let not the testimony of women be admitted, on account of the levity and boldness of their sex, nor let servants be admitted to give testimony on account of the ignobility of their soul; since it is probable that they may not speak truth”  – Jewish/Roman historian Josephus, pointing out the belief that women of his day should not testify in court “In dealing with a crowd of women at least, or with any promiscuous mob, a philosopher cannot influence them by reason or exhort them to reverence, piety and faith; nay, there is need of religious fear also, and this cannot be aroused without myths and marvels”[2]   – Strabo, a first century philosopher sharing a quite common view of women at the time: that they were immune to reason and comparable to a “promiscuous mob.”Women, in the first century, were NOT viewed as reliable witnesses, and yet, they are the FIRST witnesses to the MOST CENTRAL and CRUCIAL claim of Christianity. Far from undermining the Central Claim of Christianity - That Jesus Rose from the Dead - I believe this ENHANCES it. In a sexist environment like the first century, why have women as your witnesses unless it actually happened that way?? IF the disciples fabricated the story, why do it this way? If the story was legendary, WHY HAVE THE WOMEN AS THE FIRST WITNESSES?!!? 2. The Stigma of Crucifixion.  Can you think of a single person ever crucified other than Jesus? Perhaps Peter was, but we tend to think Crucifixion was rare in the first century. BUT IT WAS NOT! It was extremely common. Probably hundreds of thousands of people were crucified, and it was a horrible, ignominious way to die. Seneca the younger, a Roman statesman who lived during the time of Jesus, described crucifixion this way:  “I see before me crosses not all alike, but differently made by different peoples: some hang a man head downwards, some force a stick upwards through his groin, some stretch out his arms on a forked gibbet. I see cords, scourges, and instruments of torture for each limb and each joint” There would likely be a large and very upsetting amount of blood spilling from Jesus. The crown of thorns, with one inch or more protrusions, would make deep holes in an area that is absolutely filled with blood vessels. His back would be bleeding profusely from the lashing with the cat of nine tails. The nail wounds on Jesus' wrists and feet would also be bleeding, as first century nails would not be quite as sharp and clean-edged as the nails we have now. And, as noted by Seneca above, it is conceivable that Jesus was stuck through with sticks. All of this blood would be highly upsetting to behold and also incredibly obvious and visible, because the majority of the time the Romans crucified their victims without any clothing whatsoever. Think of the embarrassment and agony of that situation: bleeding profusely, wracked with muscle cramps and pain beyond the ability of the toughest person to endure, having to push up on strained and shredded muscles to just simply get a single breath…and doing it all NAKED. How utterly astounding that the king of the universe would stoop so low. THE DISCIPLES SAW ALL OF THIS!!! WOULD THEY WORSHIP SOMEBODY WHO BARELY SURVIVED IT?  Consider also Willie Francis. Whom, you might ask? One of the first things you will note about Willie Francis is that millions of people don't worship him, and yet he shares a few things in common with Jesus. Willie was convicted of murder in Louisiana in 1945 for an act that he allegedly committed when he was 15. Despite the fact that he was underage; despite the fact that he was not tried by a jury of his peers (his jury was all white); despite the fact that most of the physical evidence against Willie disappeared; and despite the fact that the gun used to kill the victim actually belonged to a deputy sheriff that had threatened to kill the victim in the past – despite all of those things, Willie Francis was convicted and electrocuted in May of 1946. Only, he didn't die. Francis was one of the few people that have ever survived a round with the electric chair, and he did so due to a drunk guard setting things up improperly. Sadly, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that it wasn't cruel and unusual to re-execute a teenager, and Francis was re-executed in May of 1947. I have studied the historical records of 1946 to see if there arose a religion around Willie Francis...but found NOTHING. WHY WOULD I?  Well - he survived execution, right? That's What Jesus did?! The idea of worshipping Willie Francis is absurd, despite the fact that he was unjustly and brutally killed. We can cry for his death, but nobody has the instinct to worship an executed man, even one who survived?  IT WOULD HAVE BEEN JUST AS RIDICULOUS TO HAVE WORSHIPPED JESUS IN THE FIRST CENTURY IF ALL HE DID WAS MERELY SURVIVE, BARELY, THE CROSS. It is incredibly strange to worship the survivor of an execution and torture. UNLESS THAT PERSON ROSE FROM THE DEAD AND PROMISED ETERNAL LIFE TO ALL WHO BELIEVED IN HIM. ONCE AGAIN, THE RESURRECTION BEST FITS THE FACTS OF HISTORY!  1 Corinthians? Now brothers, I want to clarify for you the gospel I proclaimed to you; you received it and have taken your stand on it. 2 You are also saved by it, if you hold to the message I proclaimed to you—unless you believed for no purpose. 3 For I passed on to you as most important what I also received: that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, 4 that He was buried, that He was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures, 5 and that He appeared to Cephas, then to the Twelve. 6 Then He appeared to over 500 brothers at one time;

The notes for this episode aren't exactly show notes. For more reasons to believe, please check out my book Easter: Fact or Fiction, 20 Reasons to Believe that Jesus Rose from the Dead (click here) OR: Check this post out on my writing blog: Top Ten Reasons to Believe Jesus Rose from the Dead. Recap: 1 Corinthians 15:  12 Now if Christ is proclaimed as raised from the dead, how can some of you say, “There is no resurrection of the dead”? 13 But if there is no resurrection of the dead, then Christ has not been raised; 14 and if Christ has not been raised, then our proclamation is without foundation, and so is your faith. But, as Paul goes on to tell us in 1 Corinthians 15, the Resurrection of Jesus DID, in FACT, Happen!  1 Corinthians 15:20-22 20 But now Christ has been raised from the dead, the firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep. 21 For since death came through a man, the resurrection of the dead also comes through a man. 22 For as in Adam all die, so also in Christ all will be made alive. Let's look at another passage on RAMIFICATIONS OF THE RESURRECTION. RAMIFICATIONS - ONE OF MY FAVORITE WORDS. It means - a consequence of an action or event Romans 6:3 Are you unaware that all of us who were baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into His death? 4 Therefore we were buried with Him by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, so we too may walk in a new way of life.5 For if we have been joined with Him in the likeness of His death, we will certainly also be in the likeness of His resurrection. 6 For we know that our old self was crucified with Him in order that sin's dominion over the body may be abolished, so that we may no longer be enslaved to sin, 7 since a person who has died is freed from sin's claims. 8 Now if we died with Christ, we believe that we will also live with Him, 9 because we know that Christ, having been raised from the dead, will not die again. Death no longer rules over Him. Reasons to Believe: Apologetics is one of my favorite fields of Theology. When I first heard the term, I assumed Apologetics had something to do with apologizing for our faith - like, being all nice about it. “I'm sorry to have to tell you this, but apart from Jesus, you will die and go to hell….I'm sorry if that sounds harsh, and I'm sorry if that offends you.”  I also thought that Silicon Valley, when I was a teenager, was a valley with a lot of sand in it. I sort of new that silicon could be refined out of sand, so I assumed Silicon Valley was the place where they got the sand to make the computer chips and all of the computer companies just built up around that sandy valley.  I was pretty good at assuming when I was younger. However, apologetics does not have anything to do with apologizing, and everybody with half a brain knows that Silicon is not merely sand, but a tetravalent metalloid used in the production of silicon, and that Silicon Valley is more of a euphemism than an actual place valley filled with sand. SO - what is Apologetics?  We get that word from 1 Peter 3:15 Always be ready to give a defense to anyone who asks you for a reason for the hope that is in you. 16 However, do this with gentleness and respect, keeping your conscience clear, so that when you are accused, those who denounce your Christian life will be put to shame. The Greek there for the word ‘defense' is: Apologian, and it means to defend OR to Answer. Literally it means to Answer from Words, or answer with Words. What Peter is saying is that we Christians MUST - it is a command - Be Ready to DEFEND/ANSWER our Beliefs with Words. (Eat that, Francis of Assisi...who never actually said “Preach the Gospel, if Necessary, use words.”)  Apologetics is the field of Christian Endeavor that is focused on following the Biblical Command in 1 Peter 3:15 - HOW DO WE GIVE AN ANSWER FOR BELIEVING THE GOSPEL - and the CENTRAL CLAIM OF THE GOSPEL, THE RESURRECTION.  Think of it this way - Apologetics is like the crowbar that opens the door, and The Gospel is like the Grenade that you toss in. The Gospel is the thing with the POWER OF GOD IN IT.  (Romans 1:16 “16 For I am not ashamed of the gospel, because it is God's power for salvation to everyone who believes”) I thought of that illustration this week, and was immediately kind of excited, almost proud of it, but then I realized, it is kind of violent and boyish. Let me try again:  Apologetics is like the wind that blows away the fog, so you can see an incredible view. The view is the powerful, breathtaking thing, but the wind helps to open eyes to the view. Apologetics - Answering/Defending our faith - is like the flavoring and sweetness in the medicine. The flavoring/sweetness doesn't actually heal you, but it does make people more willing/eager to open their mouths and take in the medicine. A spoonful of apologetics makes the Gospel go down? Not quite - It is the Spirit that makes the heart receptive to the Gospel - but Apologetics has been ordained by God to help open eyes. PROVING something that happened historically is quite difficult, depending on what you mean by ‘proof.'  We don't have video of the Battle of Camden, for instance, and maybe not many of you have heard of it. It was the bloodiest battle of the Revolutionary War. Unfortunately, if you were rooting for America during the Revolution - WE LOST BADLY in this battle. It took place in 1780 just north of Camden, South Carolina. 2000 Brits against 4000 Americans commanded by Horatio Gates. According to American Officer Otho Holland Williams, referring to the British charge, "the impetuosity with which they advanced, firing and huzzaing, threw the whole body of militia into such a panic that they generally threw down their loaded arms and fled in the utmost consternation. The unworthy example of the Virginians was almost instantly followed by the North Carolinians.” Takeaway - one way to win a battle old school is to do a lot of huzzaing!  Furthermore, in a letter to Thomas Jefferson, then governor of Virginia, "picture it as bad as you possibly can and it will not be as bad as it really is.” HOW DO WE KNOW, KNOW, KNOW this happened? Well - we don't have video, or pictures, or surviving witnesses. But virtually no historian alive doubts the major facets of the above narrative about the battle. How do we know it happened?  Reliable Eyewitness testimony in writing.  We see the historical impact of the battle.  So, how can we KNOW, KNOW, KNOW that something so important - and incredible - like Jesus' claimed resurrection FACTUALLY and HISTORICALLY Happened? Well, I think there is several ways to know, and please note that I am not merely saying the way we know is because the Bible says so.  Don't get me wrong, I believe the Bible, but I am thinking of our skeptical friends. That might not be enough for them - so we want to use apologetics to open the door, so we can get the Good News and the truth of the Bible in. Last Week - Appearance of Jesus Argument. By most testimonies, including Isaiah 53:2, Jesus' physical appearance was quite unimpressive. Not tall and imposing, possible monobrow/hooked nose, not handsome or striking. And yet, scientifically and verifiably, Jesus is the most famous person to ever live. HOW COULD THIS BE? I argue that the resurrection of Jesus is the most plausible argument to explain the undoubtable fame of Jesus. Two More Reasons to Believe This Week:  Female Witnesses: Luke 24: 9 Returning from the tomb, they reported all these things to the Eleven and to all the rest. 10 Mary Magdalene, Joanna, Mary the mother of James, and the other women with them were telling the apostles these things. 11 But these words seemed like nonsense to them, and they did not believe the women. 12 Peter, however, got up and ran to the tomb. When he stooped to look in, he saw only the linen cloths. So he went home, amazed at what had happened. Why is this a big deal? Misnah, one of the Rabbis found within testifies that, due to their menstrual issues, “women are not competent witnesses to be relied on…they are not halakhically admissible as reliable witnesses….JOSEPHUS: “But let not a single witness be credited; but three, or two at the least, and those such whose testimony is confirmed by their good lives. But let not the testimony of women be admitted, on account of the levity and boldness of their sex, nor let servants be admitted to give testimony on account of the ignobility of their soul; since it is probable that they may not speak truth”  – Jewish/Roman historian Josephus, pointing out the belief that women of his day should not testify in court “In dealing with a crowd of women at least, or with any promiscuous mob, a philosopher cannot influence them by reason or exhort them to reverence, piety and faith; nay, there is need of religious fear also, and this cannot be aroused without myths and marvels”[2]   – Strabo, a first century philosopher sharing a quite common view of women at the time: that they were immune to reason and comparable to a “promiscuous mob.”Women, in the first century, were NOT viewed as reliable witnesses, and yet, they are the FIRST witnesses to the MOST CENTRAL and CRUCIAL claim of Christianity. Far from undermining the Central Claim of Christianity - That Jesus Rose from the Dead - I believe this ENHANCES it. In a sexist environment like the first century, why have women as your witnesses unless it actually happened that way?? IF the disciples fabricated the story, why do it this way? If the story was legendary, WHY HAVE THE WOMEN AS THE FIRST WITNESSES?!!? 2. The Stigma of Crucifixion.  Can you think of a single person ever crucified other than Jesus? Perhaps Peter was, but we tend to think Crucifixion was rare in the first century. BUT IT WAS NOT! It was extremely common. Probably hundreds of thousands of people were crucified, and it was a horrible, ignominious way to die. Seneca the younger, a Roman statesman who lived during the time of Jesus, described crucifixion this way:  “I see before me crosses not all alike, but differently made by different peoples: some hang a man head downwards, some force a stick upwards through his groin, some stretch out his arms on a forked gibbet. I see cords, scourges, and instruments of torture for each limb and each joint” There would likely be a large and very upsetting amount of blood spilling from Jesus. The crown of thorns, with one inch or more protrusions, would make deep holes in an area that is absolutely filled with blood vessels. His back would be bleeding profusely from the lashing with the cat of nine tails. The nail wounds on Jesus' wrists and feet would also be bleeding, as first century nails would not be quite as sharp and clean-edged as the nails we have now. And, as noted by Seneca above, it is conceivable that Jesus was stuck through with sticks. All of this blood would be highly upsetting to behold and also incredibly obvious and visible, because the majority of the time the Romans crucified their victims without any clothing whatsoever. Think of the embarrassment and agony of that situation: bleeding profusely, wracked with muscle cramps and pain beyond the ability of the toughest person to endure, having to push up on strained and shredded muscles to just simply get a single breath…and doing it all NAKED. How utterly astounding that the king of the universe would stoop so low. THE DISCIPLES SAW ALL OF THIS!!! WOULD THEY WORSHIP SOMEBODY WHO BARELY SURVIVED IT?  Consider also Willie Francis. Whom, you might ask? One of the first things you will note about Willie Francis is that millions of people don't worship him, and yet he shares a few things in common with Jesus. Willie was convicted of murder in Louisiana in 1945 for an act that he allegedly committed when he was 15. Despite the fact that he was underage; despite the fact that he was not tried by a jury of his peers (his jury was all white); despite the fact that most of the physical evidence against Willie disappeared; and despite the fact that the gun used to kill the victim actually belonged to a deputy sheriff that had threatened to kill the victim in the past – despite all of those things, Willie Francis was convicted and electrocuted in May of 1946. Only, he didn't die. Francis was one of the few people that have ever survived a round with the electric chair, and he did so due to a drunk guard setting things up improperly. Sadly, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that it wasn't cruel and unusual to re-execute a teenager, and Francis was re-executed in May of 1947. I have studied the historical records of 1946 to see if there arose a religion around Willie Francis...but found NOTHING. WHY WOULD I?  Well - he survived execution, right? That's What Jesus did?! The idea of worshipping Willie Francis is absurd, despite the fact that he was unjustly and brutally killed. We can cry for his death, but nobody has the instinct to worship an executed man, even one who survived?  IT WOULD HAVE BEEN JUST AS RIDICULOUS TO HAVE WORSHIPPED JESUS IN THE FIRST CENTURY IF ALL HE DID WAS MERELY SURVIVE, BARELY, THE CROSS. It is incredibly strange to worship the survivor of an execution and torture. UNLESS THAT PERSON ROSE FROM THE DEAD AND PROMISED ETERNAL LIFE TO ALL WHO BELIEVED IN HIM. ONCE AGAIN, THE RESURRECTION BEST FITS THE FACTS OF HISTORY!  1 Corinthians? Now brothers, I want to clarify for you the gospel I proclaimed to you; you received it and have taken your stand on it. 2 You are also saved by it, if you hold to the message I proclaimed to you—unless you believed for no purpose. 3 For I passed on to you as most important what I also received: that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, 4 that He was buried, that He was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures, 5 and that He appeared to Cephas, then to the Twelve. 6 Then He appeared to over 500 brothers at one time;

Series 1: The Schuylers and the The Broecks Episode III: The Battles of Saratoga What happened at the Battles of Saratoga would decide if the American cause would live to see another day. If the Battles of Saratoga were won by the British, they could easily advance to Albany and take the city. If Albany was lost, New York as a whole would be controlled by the British, cutting off the Northern Colonies from the Southern Colonies, and effectively ending the war with a British victory. We’ll explore these battles’ importance, Albany’s involvement, and hear from combatants on both the American and British sides, like Philip Schuyler, Abraham Ten Broeck, Horatio Gates, Benedict Arnold, John Burgoyne, Baroness Von Riedesel, and Simon Fraser. The importance of what happened on those battlefields was not lost on any of the men involved, but, as you’ll see, that didn’t stop them from getting embroiled in petty arguments within their own forces. “The Battles of Saratoga” PRESENTED BY AARON HOLBRITTER AND CASEY POLOMAINE WRITTEN BY JESSIE SERFILIPPI CONCEIVED AND EDITED BY AARON HOLBRITTER PRODUCED BY AARON HOLBRITTER AND CASEY POLOMAINE RECORDED BY ISAAC NEWBERRY Featuring: Chris Foster …… Brig. Gen. Abraham Ten broeck Patrick White ……. Maj. Gen. Philip Schuyler Ian LaChance ……. Gen. Benedict Arnold Kris Anderson ….… Gen. Horatio Gates Isaac Newberry ……. Gen. John Burgoyne Krysta Dennis ……. Catharine VanRensselaer Schuyler Tom Templeton ……. Col. Richard Varick and Capt. John Wilkinson Brigitta Giulianelli ……. Lydia Nielsen and Baroness Von Riedsel Steve Maggio ……. Express Msgr., British regular #2, Henry B. Livingston, Gen Simon Fraser Joe Plock ……. British Regular #1, Benjamin Warren Evan Jones ……. John Nielsen, John Adams, Baron Von Reidsel, British Doctor Matthew G. Hamm ……. Albanian Marquis Heath ……. Prince Nick Bosanko ……. Col. Daniel Morgan Jeremy Ward ……. 2nd Lt. James Hadden Christian Leahy ……. Officer Young Music: Theme song: Chase, Epic Adventure Composer: Johannes Bornloff http://audiograb.com/T2hGvDX5Fn Additonal Music: Medley Music of the Revolutionary War Sturbridge Colonial Militia Public Domain Mark 1.0 https://archive.org/details/MusicOfTheRevolutionaryWar https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ Cinematic Piano by AShamaluevMusic. https://youtu.be/6Sq5Y2HzF1c Earl of Dorchester March Music of the Revolutionary War Sturbridge Colonial Militia Public Domain Mark 1.0 https://archive.org/details/MusicOfTheRevolutionaryWar https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ Court and Page - Silent Partner https://youtu.be/joJ25P-4DNU All music licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/…

Using the word hero regarding this weeks subject, Benedict Arnold, definitely requires tragic in front of it. Treasonous tragic hero, what does that even mean? Have a listen and you'll get a better idea. Had his career ended just after Saratoga, we'd probably have a city named Arnold in just about every state. Seriously, have a listen, before he turned bad, he was one seriously impressive soldier.

This week marks the 240th anniversary of the Battle of Saratoga, So I’ll speak with Dean Snow, author of a new book titled, 1777: Tipping Point at Saratoga. It’ll give you a new appreciation of how this often overlooked battle was in many ways, the decisive moment in the American Revolution. It led the many British military leaders to argue that they could not win this war because the American colonies constituted too large a geographic area, and because American soldiers in the Continental Army were the equal of British regulars. Even more important, the victory convinced France and other European powers to back the American Revolution with troops, supplies, and money. Among the many things discussed in this episode:  How a brilliant British military plan on paper turned into a disaster on the battlefield at Saratoga. How Benedict Arnold, before turning traitor, was a hero at the Battle of Saratoga. Why the Saratoga battlefield deserves the same recognition as Gettysburg. How Gen. Horatio Gates managed to surround and defeat Gen. John Burgoyne at the Battle of Saratoga in 1777. Why the 1777 Battle of Saratoga proved to be the turning point of the American Revolution. Why the significance of many pivotal battles in history is primarily political and not military. About Dean Snow – website Further Reading Dean Snow, 1777: Tipping Point at Saratoga (Oxford, 2016).  Richard M. Ketchum, Saratoga: Turning Point of America's Revolutionary War (1997) Robert Middlekauff, The Glorious Cause: The American Revolution, 1763-1789 (2005) Nathaniel Philbrick, Valiant Ambition: George Washington, Benedict Arnold, and the Fate of the American Revolution (2016) Maps to accompany Dean Snow’s book, 1777: Tipping Point at Saratoga (Oxford, 2016) - click here  Music for This Episode Jay Graham, ITPL Intro (JayGMusic.com) Kevin McCleod, “Impact Moderato” (Free Music Archive) Ketsa, “Escape the Profane” (Free Music Archive) Blue Dot Sessions, “Pat Dog” (Free Music Archive) Jon Luc Hefferman “Winter Trek” (Free Music Archive) The Bell, “I Am History” (Free Music Archive) Production Credits Executive Producer: Lulu Spencer Technical Advisors: Holly Hunt and Jesse Anderson Podcasting Consultant: Darrell Darnell of Pro Podcast Solutions Photographer: John Buckingham Graphic Designer: Maggie Cellucci Website by: ERI Design Legal services: Tippecanoe and Tyler Too Social Media management: The Pony Express Risk Assessment: Little Big Horn Associates Growth strategies: 54 40 or Fight © Snoring Beagle International, 2017

The fall of Charleston, South Carolina emboldened the British. Recruiting Loyalists and insisting on loyalty oaths, divided the colony and triggered a bitter internal conflict, if you will, a Civil War. In spite of the relative success of partisan leaders such as Francis Marion and Thomas Sumter, they could not win the war without the help of the Continental Army. Unfortunately, the hero of Saratoga, Horatio Gates was defeated at Camden, South Carolina, marking the lowest point of the war in the south. These episodes, as disastrous as they were, in the long run, would prove to be the beginning of the end of the American Revolution. If you have questions, please join us on the podcast's Facebook Page or send an email at americawarpodcast@gmail.com. Thanks for listening!

In the fall of 1776, Benedict Arnold would prove himself to be one of the most fearless soldiers in the entire Continental Army. He made so many, as Horatio Gates put it, "hairbreadth escapes," that it almost seemed as if he were destined for greatness. That year, there was hardly a whiff of the unthinkable treachery he would unleash on his fellow countrymen. MUSIC Looking Back; The Great Mission by: Lee Rosevere From: http://freemusicarchive.org/music/Lee_Rosevere/ License: Attribution-NonCommercial License at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ "The Bridge is Too Far" By: Laszlo Harsanyi From: http://freemusicarchive.org License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ Wallow (remix) by: Ketsa From freemusicarchive.org/music/Ketsa License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Drum Feature; Three Little Drummers; Water Music by: The United States Army Old Guard Fife and Drum Corps From: The Free Music Archive License: Public Domain Mark 1.0 License. at https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/

In our last episode we spoke of the John Burgoyne's advance down the Hudson River Valley. After being repulsed at the Battle of Bennington and the failure of the siege of Fort Stanwix, Burgoyne was in trouble. Electing to continue his advance, he met Horatio Gates and his Continentals near Saratoga, New York. After two failed attempts to carry the American position, Burgoyne had no choice but to surrender. This was a pivotal point in the revolution. The victory convinced France to recognize the United States and bind themselves together in an alliance. If you enjoy this podcast, leave a review on ITunes. Questions? Drop me a line at Americawarpodcast@gmail.com. Take a listen!

The Battle of Saratoga would result from Burgoyne's maneuvering of his troops in an advance on Albany NY, but in his way stood Horatio Gates, who had just recently relieved Phillip Schuyler of his command.

Despite the thrashing he gave Horatio Gates at the Battle of Camden, Lord Cornwallis found the Carolinas slipping out of his grasp. 

A chance encounter with a tough-talking stranger lands young Jacob in colonial New York - right in the middle of the American Revolution! Unable to return the boy to his own time, Rory reluctantly lets him tag along as she attempts to set history back on track. At the second Battle of Saratoga, it seems everything is happening as it should. But then Jacob realizes an important figure of the war isn't where he should be. Will he be able to correct the situation after Rory is taken captive by the British?     "Turning Point" Cast:   Jacob Shattuck ....... Kimberly Nutter   Rory Lenhard .......... Taylor Carlson   Antagonist ............... Jim Brannen   Benedict Arnold ....... InsomniaJacket*   Horatio Gates .......... Caleb Robinson-Cook   Benjamin Lincoln ..... Lance Schonberg   Garner Hopkins ....... Eliott Geffner   Other voice talents include:   Grant Siluangkhot   Justin Ralph   Karen Kahler   Amanda Gilbertson   * = Forum username/pseudonym