Colonial army during the American Revolutionary War
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In the winter of 1776, things did not look good for the Continental Army. Everything got off to a great start in 1775, but this year saw a series of defeats at the hands of the British. Things were looking so bad that many Americans thought that the revolution was effectually over. If Washington was to keep the revolution going, he needed a miracle. He needed a Christmas miracle. Learn about the Battle of Trenton and the Christmas attack that kept the revolution alive on this episode of Everything Everywhere Daily. Sponsors Quince Go to quince.com/daily for 365-day returns, plus free shipping on your order! Mint Mobile Get your 3-month Unlimited wireless plan for just 15 bucks a month at mintmobile.com/eed Chubbies Get 20% off your purchase at Chubbies with the promo code DAILY at checkout! Aura Frames Exclusive $35 off Carver Mat at https://on.auraframes.com/DAILY. Promo Code DAILY DripDrop Go to dripdrop.com and use promo code EVERYTHING for 20% off your first order. Uncommon Goods Go to uncommongoods.com/DAILY for 15% off! Subscribe to the podcast! https://everything-everywhere.com/everything-everywhere-daily-podcast/ -------------------------------- Executive Producer: Charles Daniel Associate Producers: Austin Oetken & Cameron Kieffer Become a supporter on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/everythingeverywhere Discord Server: https://discord.gg/UkRUJFh Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/everythingeverywhere/ Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/everythingeverywheredaily Twitter: https://twitter.com/everywheretrip Website: https://everything-everywhere.com/ Disce aliquid novi cotidie Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Learn how by mid-December, 1776, the American Revolution was in desperate straits. Explore that after a series of defeats, the American Army had retreated through New Jersey and was stationed in Pennsylvania — with the British Army across the Delaware River. The Continental Army was on the verge of utter collapse.Overconfident, the British went into Winter Quarters. Congress gave George Washington enormous authority, and Washington used the lull in fighting and his new power to reorganize and strengthen his troops. Washington and his officers designed a daring attack on Hessian forces in Trenton, New Jersey. Before the battle, Washington inspired the troops through the reading of Thomas Paine's American Crisis. Follow Washington's troops through the winter storm, the crossing of the nearly frozen Delaware River, an arduous march, and the pitched battle. The fate of the new nation depends on it.Through divine intervention, Washington was able to mount a surprise attack on the hated Hessian troops in Trenton, winning an improbable victory, which became a critical turning point in the war.Highlights include David Hackett Fisher, Washington's Crossing, James McPherson, Christmas 1776, Delaware River, Hessian soldiers, Trenton New Jersey, Your Excellency, Battle of Bunker Hill, Battle of Long Island a/k/a the Battle of Brooklyn a/k/a/ the Battle of Brooklyn Heights, Continental Army, Brooklyn Heights, Battle of Harlem Heights, New York City, Thomas Paine, Common Sense, General Charles Lee, General William Howe, The American Crisis, Federalist Papers, Pennsylvania Journal, Second Continental Congress, Henry Steel Commager, Richard B. Morris, James Gant, Colonel Johann Rall, Colonel Joseph Reed, militia, Hessians, Hanoverians, Mechlenburghers, Christmas Day, Fifer John Greenwood, General James Ewing, Colonel John Cadwalader, Highlanders, General Israel Putnam, Christmas Eve, American Crisis No. 1, “These are the times that try men's souls,” Lieutenant Andreas Von Wiederholdt, Major Friedrich von Dechow, Captain Thomas Rodney, Daniel Hitchcock, Lieutenant Widerholdt, Victory or Death!, Sergeant Madden, General Nathanael Greene, Captain William Hull, the first use of synchronized watches to time a military battle, Captain George Wallis, Adam Stephens, Virginia's Fourth Regiment, Major John Sullivan, artillery barrage, future President James Monroe, General Henry Knox, Battle of Trenton, and many others.To learn more about George Washington the American Revolution & Patriot Week, visit www.PatriotWeek.org. Our resources include videos, a TV series, blogs, lesson plans, and more.Check out Judge Michael Warren's upcoming new book, The Revolutionary Words that Forged America - The Definitive Guide to the Declaration of Independence (Republic Books 2026), available for pre-order on amazon.com (release date, April 14, 2026).Merry Christmas!
On Christmas night in 1776, the American Revolution stood on the brink of collapse. With the Continental Army demoralized, enlistments expiring, and defeat seeming inevitable, George Washington made a desperate, audacious decision that would change the course of history. In this special Christmas Eve episode of America's Founding Series, Professor Nick Giordano tells the gripping, true story of Washington's crossing of the Delaware River, the password "Victory or Death," and the impossible gamble that saved the Revolution. This is not a textbook lesson, but a powerful reminder of courage, fortitude, and will, and why even in our darkest moments, history, nations, and lives can still be turned around. Episode Highlights: • The story behind Washington's crossing of the Delaware on Christmas night, including the freezing conditions, collapsing army, and the gamble that kept independence alive • How the Battle of Trenton restored morale, held the Continental Army together, and prevented the American Revolution from ending before the new year • Why the lesson of 1776 matters today for Americans who feel abandoned, discouraged, or believe the country, or their own future, is beyond saving
PREVIEW PEGGY SHIPPEN'S CUNNING DECEPTION DURING THE ARNOLD CONSPIRACY Colleague Richard Bell. Historian Richard Bell discusses his book on the American Revolution, focusing on the cunning of Peggy Shippen. Bell describes how Shippen, Benedict Arnold's wife, successfully feigned hysteria and madness to deceive Continental Army officers, effectively hiding her complicity in the treasonous conspiracy while shifting all suspicion onto her husband.
12. The Irish Dimension: Revolutionary Hopes and Brutal Repression. The Irish viewed the American Revolutionas a signal that the British Empire was vulnerable, sparking the failed 1798 Irish rebellion. While the British suppressed Irish independence brutally under Cornwallis, Irish immigrants and Scots-Irish settlers like Andrew Jackson fervently supported the Continental Army against the Crown. 1780 GORDON RIOTS
SHOW 12-22-25 THE SHOW BEGINS WITH DOUBTS ABOUT FUTURE NAVY. 1941 HICKAM FIELD 1. Restoring Naval Autonomy: Arguments for Separating the Navy from DoD. Tom Modly argues the Navy is an "underperforming asset" within the Defense Department's corporate structure, similar to how Fiat Chrysler successfully spun off Ferrari. He suggests the Navy needs independence to address critical shipbuilding deficits and better protect global commerce and vulnerable undersea cables from adversaries. 2. Future Fleets: Decentralizing Firepower to Counter Chinese Growth. Tom Modly warns that China's shipbuilding capacity vastly outpaces the US, requiring a shift toward distributed forces rather than expensive, concentrated platforms. He advocates for a reinvigorated, independent Department of the Navy to foster the creativity needed to address asymmetric threats like Houthi attacks on high-value assets. 3. British Weakness: The Failure to Challenge Beijing Over Jimmy Lai. Mark Simon predicts Prime Minister Starmer will fail to secure Jimmy Lai's release because the UK mistakenly views China as an economic savior. He notes the UK's diminished military and economic leverage leads to a submissive diplomatic stance, despite China'sdeclining ability to offer investment. 4. Enforcing Sanctions: Interdicting the Shadow Fleet to Squeeze China. Victoria Coates details the Trump administration's enforcement of a "Monroe Doctrine" corollary, using naval power to seize tankers carrying Venezuelan oil to China. This strategy exposes China's lack of maritime projection and energy vulnerability, as Beijingcannot legally contest the seizures of illicit shadow fleet vessels. 5. Symbolic Strikes: US and Jordan Target Resurgent ISIS in Syria. Following an attack on US personnel, the US and Jordan conducted airstrikes against ISIS strongholds, likely with Syrian regime consultation. Ahmed Sharawi questions the efficacy of striking desert warehouses when ISIS cells have moved into urban areas, suggesting the strikes were primarily symbolic domestic messaging. 6. Failure to Disarm: Hezbollah's Persistence and UNIFIL's Inefficacy. David Daoud reports that the Lebanesegovernment is failing to disarm Hezbollah south of the Litani River, merely evicting them from abandoned sites. He argues UNIFIL is an ineffective tripwire, as Hezbollah continues to rebuild infrastructure and receive funding right under international observers' noses. 7. Global Jihad: The Distinct Threats of the Brotherhood and ISIS. Edmund Fitton-Brown contrasts the Muslim Brotherhood's long-term infiltration of Western institutions with ISIS's violent, reckless approach. He warns that ISISremains viable, with recent facilitated attacks in Australia indicating a resurgence in capability beyond simple "inspired" violence. 8. The Forever War: Jihadist Patience vs. American Cycles. Bill Roggio argues the US has failed to defeat jihadist ideology or funding, allowing groups like Al-Qaeda to persist in Afghanistan and Africa. He warns that adversaries view American withdrawals as proof of untrustworthiness, exploiting the US tendency to fight short-term wars against enemies planning for decades. 9. The Professional: Von Steuben's Transformation of the Continental Army. Richard Bell introduces Baron von Steuben as a desperate, unemployed Prussian officer who professionalized the ragtag Continental Army at Valley Forge. Washington's hiring of foreign experts like Steuben demonstrated a strategic willingness to utilize global talent to ensure the revolution's survival. 10. Privateers and Prison Ships: The Unsung Cost of Maritime Independence. Richard Bell highlights the crucial role of privateers like William Russell, who raided British shipping when the Continental Navy was weak. Captured privateers faced horrific conditions in British "black hole" facilities like Mill Prison and the deadly prison ship Jersey in New York Harbor, where mortality rates reached 50%. 11. Caught in the Crossfire: Indigenous Struggles in the Revolutionary War. Molly Brant, a Mohawk leader, allied with the British to stop settler encroachment but became a refugee when the British failed to protect Indigenous lands. Post-war, white Americans constructed myths portraying themselves as blameless victims while ignoring their own Indigenous allies and British betrayals regarding land rights. 12. The Irish Dimension: Revolutionary Hopes and Brutal Repression. The Irish viewed the American Revolutionas a signal that the British Empire was vulnerable, sparking the failed 1798 Irish rebellion. While the British suppressed Irish independence brutally under Cornwallis, Irish immigrants and Scots-Irish settlers like Andrew Jackson fervently supported the Continental Army against the Crown. 13. Assessing Battlefield Realities: Russian Deceit and Ukrainian Counterattacks. John Hardie analyzes the "culture of deceit" within the Russian military, exemplified by false claims of capturing Kupyansk while Ukraine actually counterattacked. This systemic lying leads to overconfidence in Putin's strategy, though Ukraine also faces challenges with commanders hesitating to report lost positions to avoid forced counterattacks. 14. Shifts in Latin America: Brazilian Elections and Venezuelan Hope. Ernesto Araujo and Alejandro Peña Esclusapredict a 2026 battle between socialist accommodation and freedom-oriented transformation in Brazil, highlighted by Flavio Bolsonaro's candidacy against Lula. Meanwhile, Peña Esclusa anticipates Venezuela's liberation and a broader regional shift toward the right following leftist defeats in Ecuador, Argentina, and Chile. 15. Trump's Security Strategy: Homeland Defense Lacks Global Clarity. John Yoo praises the strategy's focus on homeland defense and the Western Hemisphere, reviving a corollary to the Monroe Doctrine. However, he criticizes the failure to explicitly name China as an adversary or define clear goals for defending allies in Asia and Europe against great power rivals. 16. Alienating Allies: The Strategic Cost of Attacking European Partners. John Yoo argues that imposing tariffs and attacking democratic European allies undermines the coalition needed to counter China and Russia. He asserts that democracies are the most reliable partners for protecting American security and values, making cooperation essential despite resource constraints and political disagreements.
9. The Professional: Von Steuben's Transformation of the Continental Army. Richard Bell introduces Baron von Steuben as a desperate, unemployed Prussian officer who professionalized the ragtag Continental Army at Valley Forge. Washington's hiring of foreign experts like Steuben demonstrated a strategic willingness to utilize global talent to ensure the revolution's survival. 1921 WASHNGTON HQ VALLEY FORGE
By the time the Continental Army left Valley Forge in June 1778 it was smaller in number but stronger in organisation and confidence, establishing the foundations of its eventual success against British ...
Watch the Devotion Based on Isaiah 7:10-14 It Will Not Happen “It will not happen. There's no probable way they can win the battle.” These words could have been spoken during the Revolutionary War. When you read the history of the armed forces under General Washington's command—the untrained militiamen, the undisciplined Continental Army, the circumstances leading up to that bleak winter at Valley Forge—it wasn't going to happen. Their situation was desperate. Until a foreigner, a stranger named Baron von Steuben, brought training, discipline, improved hygiene, and increased morale among the troops. He is credited as one of the key figures in turning defeat into victory. “It will not happen. There is no probable way they can win the battle.” These words could have been spoken by the enemies of the people of Judah, during the time of Isaiah the prophet. The nations of Aram and Ephraim joined forces against God's people and had already defeated King Ahaz in battle, twice! Now they marched against the city of Jerusalem. The people of Judah had no chance. They would all die or be carried off as slaves. It was inevitable. But God spoke up and said, “It will not happen. It will not take place.” Meaning, “My people will not lose. Her enemies will not overpower her. I will do the impossible, the unexpected, and rescue them from certain disaster.” God saved his people. God even gave a sign to wicked King Ahaz to prove to him that he would keep his promise—an unexpected sign: “The virgin will conceive and give birth to a son, and will call him Immanuel” (Isaiah 7:14). How's that for a sign? God was looking ahead to a greater deliverance, not just from physical armies that threaten to destroy his people but from the spiritual forces of evil who threaten his people. A virgin would give birth to God, who would live as a human being among the people of the world. He would save the world from her enemies: sin, death, the devil, and hell itself. Who are the enemies that stand in your way and make it feel impossible that you will get through another holiday season? Is it guilt, the guilt of knowing your words caused hurt and as a result there are people you love with whom you will not spend Christmas? Is it regret over an act of infidelity that caused separation in the family? Is it loneliness, knowing that your son or daughter will be in basic training or in the desert or the middle of the ocean this Christmas? Or will it be you in the middle of the ocean or in the desert or in the barracks this Christmas, feeling lonely? These enemies make us feel that we, God's people, stand no chance to win in spiritual battle. But listen! God speaks: “It will not happen. It will not take place.” Your sins will not overpower you. Satan's lies cannot stand against you. Guilt and regret will not overwhelm you. Loneliness will not crush you, because God kept his promise to you. The virgin did conceive. She bore a son. His name is Immanuel, “God with us,” to be our sin, to give pardon for sins, to be our presence. God with us to save us. God with us to do the unexpected and impossible. That's what Immanuel has done for you. Prayer: Stir up your power, O Lord, and come. Take away the burden of our sins and make us ready for the celebration of your birth so that we may receive you in joy and serve you always. We thank you for our United States Space Force, which celebrates its sixth anniversary this year on December 20th. Just as you are always above us, looking down and protecting us, cause the members of our Space Force to faithfully carry out their motto, “Semper Supra” (always above), providing defense and protection from all adversaries and threats emanating from the domain of space. In your name we pray. Amen. Written and recorded by Rev. Paul Horn, WELS National Civilian Chaplain to the Military, San Diego, California. All Scripture quotations, unless otherwise indicated, are taken from the Holy Bible, New International Version®, NIV®. Copyright ©1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc.™ Used by permission of Zondervan. All rights reserved worldwide. Note: Scripture reading footnotes are clickable only in the web version.
In this episode of America's Founding Series, Professor Nick Giordano tells the forgotten but urgent story of St. George Tucker, the revolutionary patriot, wounded war veteran, and constitutional scholar who warned that the Constitution would fail if Americans stopped defending its limits. From smuggling gunpowder for the Continental Army to writing the first major American commentary on the Constitution, Tucker understood that liberty is never self-enforcing. Long before the rise of the modern administrative state, he warned that power naturally consolidates, courts cannot be the sole guardians of freedom, and constitutional ignorance would be fatal to the Republic. This episode explores Tucker's life, his warnings, and why his lesson matters now more than ever. Episode Highlights: • The remarkable life of St. George Tucker, from Revolutionary War service and battlefield wounds to becoming America's first great constitutional commentator • Why Tucker believed citizens and states, not courts or bureaucracies, are the ultimate guardians of liberty • How Tucker's warnings about consolidation of power and constitutional ignorance explain today's government overreach
Dan narrates the remarkable story of how George Washington's newly established Continental Army tried to conquer Canada in the brutal winter of 1775. The American Revolutionary forces believed their northern neighbour would surely welcome them as liberators, as they themselves fought off the yoke of British rule. Many imagined that these two vast territories were destined to unite into a single continental power. But what followed was a disastrous, freezing, chaotic nightmare.Written by Dan Snow, produced by McKenna Fernandez, and edited by Matthew Wilson and Dougal Patmore. Did you know you can watch this episode on YouTube? Check it out at https://www.youtube.com/@DSHHPodcastSign up to History Hit for hundreds of hours of original documentaries, with a new release every week and ad-free podcasts. Sign up at https://www.historyhit.com/subscribe.We'd love to hear your feedback - you can take part in our podcast survey here: https://insights.historyhit.com/history-hit-podcast-always-on.You can also email the podcast directly at ds.hh@historyhit.com. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
In this episode of America's Founding Series, Professor Nick Giordano uncovers the forgotten story of Tench Coxe, the hidden economic architect who helped secure America's independence. From his unlikely transformation from Loyalist sympathizer to patriot strategist, to his fierce push for American manufacturing, to his powerful defense of the right to keep and bear arms, Coxe shaped the foundations of the nation far more than history remembers. His warnings about foreign economic dependence and the loss of individual self-reliance speak directly to the challenges America faces today. This compelling narrative brings Coxe's influence to life and shows why his ideas are essential for understanding the past and protecting our future. Episode Highlights: How Tench Coxe helped build the economic backbone that allowed the United States to survive and thrive Coxe's powerful defense of the Second Amendment and the role of an armed citizenry Why Coxe's warnings about dependency and national weakness are more relevant than ever today
Host Professor Robert Allison welcomes historian Paul D. Lockhart to discuss Lockhart's acclaimed book The Drillmaster of Valley Forge: The Baron de Steuben and the Making of the American Army. Together they explore the remarkable life and career of Baron de Steuben, the Prussian-born officer whose training, discipline, and organizational genius helped transform Washington's ragged Continental Army into a professional fighting force.Lockhart places Steuben in a broader European military and intellectual context, untangling the myths about his noble status and supposed “magnificent fraud,” and showing instead a serious soldier of the Enlightenment—well-read, imaginative, and deeply committed to his adopted country. The conversation ranges from Valley Forge and the famous “Blue Book” drill manual to Steuben's volatile temper, gift for friendship, chronic money troubles, complicated relationships with Washington, Congress, Lafayette, and Jefferson, and his lonely final years in upstate New York. Along the way, Allison and Lockhart reveal how Steuben's real legacy lies not just in drill on the parade ground, but in the systems, standards, and expectations that helped shape the American army for generations to come.Tell us what you think! Send us a text message!
In this episode, historian and author Gabriel Neville joins us to discuss his book The Last Men Standing: The 8th Virginia and the Birth of the American Frontier.Nearly 800 men followed the “Fighting Parson,” Colonel Peter Muhlenberg, into the Continental Army in 1776—but few remained by the end of the Revolution. Drawn from Virginia's western frontier—stretching from Pittsburgh to what would become Kentucky and Tennessee—these men helped shape the fight for independence and the early settlement of America's frontier.Neville shares how he pieced together their story from rare letters, archives, and forgotten records, offering new insight into major battles like Sullivan's Island, Germantown, and Monmouth, and into the lives of soldiers who went on to settle the American West.This is the remarkable tale of the 8th Virginia Regiment, the men who endured the Revolution's harshest campaigns—and the legacy they left behind in Kentucky and beyond.Book: https://www.amazon.com/Last-Men-Standing-Virginia-Revolution/dp/18045167248thvirginia.comhttps://linktr.ee/Kyhistorypod
November 16, 1776. George Washington rows toward Manhattan to inspect the fort that bears his name, only to meet a full-scale British assault already underway. By afternoon, Fort Washington has fallen, and General Washington is forced to abandon New York City. The Continental Army is sick, outnumbered, and demoralized. For a moment, the Revolution seems lost. Facing his worst defeat of the war, Washington himself is questioning their odds. In their new PBS documentary, The American Revolution, Ken Burns and Sarah Botstein set out to tell this version of the Founding Fathers, showing fear, chaos, and uncertainty. They also highlight oft-overlooked characters: the women and children following the army in supporting roles, the Native nations whose decisions shaped the continent, or the enslaved people listening closely to talk of liberty. This week, we talk with Ken Burns and Sarah Botstein about the revelations behind their decade-long project. How did they revisit a story that's been told so many times, it almost feels like a myth? And how does that myth fit into the world today? The American Revolution is a six-part, 12-hour documentary now premiering on PBS. The series is directed by Ken Burns, Sarah Botstein, and David P. Schmidt. It's also narrated by a guest from one of our recent episodes, Peter Coyote. -- Get in touch: historythisweekpodcast@history.com Follow on Instagram: @historythisweek Follow on Facebook: HISTORY This Week Podcast To stay updated: http://historythisweekpodcast.com To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices
At the darkest hour of the American Revolution, the Continental Army was freezing, starving, and on the verge of collapse, until a Prussian officer named Baron von Steuben arrived at Valley Forge. Armed with discipline, grit, and a belief in liberty, von Steuben transformed a ragtag band of soldiers into a professional fighting force. In this episode of America's Founding Series, part of The P.A.S. Report Podcast, Professor Nick Giordano tells the riveting story of how one foreigner's dedication to standards and sacrifice helped forge the spirit of American resilience that still defines the nation today. Episode Highlights Discover how Baron von Steuben's military discipline saved the Revolution and reshaped the Continental Army. Explore the power of grit and perseverance that built America—and why those values matter now more than ever. Learn how von Steuben's Blue Book and leadership forged a legacy of excellence that endures in today's U.S. military.
Deborah Sampson's remarkable story comes to life in this week's America's Founding Series. Disguised as a man under the name "Robert Shurtliff," she secretly served in the Continental Army for nearly two years. She fought, bled, and risked death to achieve America's independence. From her humble beginnings as an indentured servant to her courageous service in the Revolutionary War, this episode reveals how Sampson's unwavering self-reliance and devotion to liberty made her one of America's first female soldiers and a true symbol of the nation's founding ideals. Discover the forgotten patriot who proved that the courage to defend freedom knows no gender. Episode Highlights A Woman at War: How Deborah Sampson disguised herself as "Robert Shurtliff" and fought bravely in the Continental Army during the American Revolution. Courage Under Fire: The incredible moment she removed a musket ball from her own leg to protect her secret identity and continue serving. Legacy of Liberty: How Paul Revere's support helped her secure a military pension, and why her story embodies America's enduring ideals of courage, freedom, and self-reliance.
In this episode of America's Founding Series, Professor Nick Giordano tells the incredible but little-known story of John Glover, the Marblehead fisherman who twice saved George Washington's army and, in doing so, saved the American Revolution. From the miraculous fog-covered escape on Long Island to the icy crossing of the Delaware River, Glover's leadership, skill, and courage turned certain defeat into survival. His story reminds us that America's success has always relied on competent, ordinary citizens rising to meet extraordinary challenges. Episode Highlights: Discover how John Glover's Marblehead Regiment became the unsung heroes behind Washington's greatest escapes. Learn how a fisherman's skill and discipline saved the Continental Army at its darkest moments. Explore the powerful lesson Glover's story holds for America today about competence, leadership, and civic duty.
Welcome to Revolutionary Talk on WREV 760AM. It is October 8, 1775, and General Washington has called a council of war in Cambridge to decide the future of the Continental Army. The debate over numbers and enlistments has turned into a debate over principle. Today, the army ruled that no Black man, free or enslaved, may serve in the ranks.The decision is said to preserve order among the colonies, but it has drawn a line that liberty itself may not cross. From Norwich to Philadelphia, men are asking what freedom truly means if it does not belong to everyone.Tonight, we will look inside that council chamber, where maps and muskets shared the table with fear and compromise. We will hear from those who defend the choice and from those who call it what it is, a betrayal of the very cause we claim to serve.
4. Washington's Ad Hoc Navy and the Formation of the Commander-in-Chief's Guard Author: Patrick O'Donnell Book Title: The Indispensables: The Diverse Soldier Mariners Who Shaped the Country, Formed the Navy, and Rowed Washington across the Delaware Upon George Washington's arrival in July 1775, the Continental Army suffered a critical shortage of black powder, forcing Washington to seek urgent supply solutions. He developed a unique trust with the Marbleheaders, whose nautical expertise he relied upon. Washington bypassed Congress to create his own Navy—a fleet of "cruisers" (including the Leeand the Warren) manned by Marblehead sailors, essentially perfect marines. Their primary goal was to intercept British transports laden with ordnance and powder. Captain John Manley, a Marbleheader, achieved a critical success, capturing one of the war's richest prizes—a ship filled with supplies that included a massive mortar used later at Dorchester Heights. Washington's Navy operated primarily out of Beverly, Massachusetts, a heavily defended, difficult-to-navigate, protected port. Additionally, Washington formed the Commander-in-Chief's Guard, or Lifeguard, which was an early precursor to the Secret Service, tasked with protecting the general and his papers. This handpicked volunteer unit was placed under the command of Marbleheader Caleb Gibbs.
5. Battling the Smallpox Pandemic: Dr. Bond and Washington's Strategic Inoculation Author: Patrick O'Donnell Book Title: The Indispensables: The Diverse Soldier Mariners Who Shaped the Country, Formed the Navy, and Rowed Washington across the Delaware The Revolutionary War unfolded under the shadow of a smallpox pandemic. The virus devastated Marblehead after being brought in by fishing ships. Initial quarantine efforts failed, but Dr. Nathaniel Bond promoted inoculation. This dangerous 18th-century technique involved intentionally introducing a small amount of the virus into the body to create antibodies. Patriot efforts to establish an inoculation hospital on remote Cat Island were met with political violence when Loyalists organized a mob to storm the jail and torch the hospital while people were still inside. Later, following the Trenton and Princeton campaigns, the virus became a catastrophic threat, infecting and killing nearly 20% of Washington's army. Recognizing that the virus could destroy his fighting capability, Washington made the strategic decision to order Dr. Bond to establish inoculation hospitals. Bond set up these facilities and personally conducted inoculations, a move considered Washington's greatest strategic decision. Dr. Bond, who had once been ostracized for treating British soldiers, ultimately died as a result of his service to the Continental Army, having saved it through inoculation.
George Washington Arrives in Depopulated New York City, Debating the Burning of the Rebel AnchorProfessor Benjamin L. Carp, Professor of History at Brooklyn College and the CUNY Graduate Center | The Great New York Fire of 1776: A Lost Story of the American Revolution In spring 1776, George Washington arrived in New York City, the colonies' second-largest town, finding it small (25,000 people) and politically divided. Two-thirds of the population had fled anticipating conflict. Washington controlled the urbanized area south of Canal Street, occupied by his Continental Army, which he described as ill-disciplined. Before the fire, Washington privately believed burning the city was a good idea to deprive the British of winter quarters. The central question remains: was the fire accidental or by design?
In the second of our 2-episode series about Canada and the Declaration of Independence, historian Mark R. Anderson talks us through the invasion of "the neighbouring Province" of Canada as well as the third and final letter from the Continental Congress to the Inhabitants of Canada. Topics include: -The formation of the Continental Army in June of 1775 and the appointment of General Schuyler to invade (or liberate) Canada -A description of the explanations offered by the Americans to the Canadas for the invasion, namely to protect their property rights and religious freedom, as well as to free them from oppression -The redrawing of Canadian political opinion from British vs French sympathies to Loyalist vs. Patriot sympathies as a result of the invasion -An overview of the Canadians who took up arms to fight with the 13 Colonies -The official end of the invasion of Canada on 1 July 1776, just days before the Declaration of Independence -John Adams' position that Canada would have joined the United Colonies had the Declaration been released at the start of the invasion and had ineffective politicians in Congress supported the invasion in a robust way -The Canadian response to the Declaration of Independence -The exile of the two Canadian regiments who supported the American army -An overview of British (Canadian) Invasions of the United States -Canadian reactions to the American victory in the Revolutionary War The painting depicts the death of the American General Richard Montgomery, who was killed during the assault on Quebec City in December 1775.
This Day in Legal History: John André ConvictedOn September 29, 1780, Major John André of the British Army was convicted by a Continental Army court martial for his role in a conspiracy with American General Benedict Arnold. André had been captured behind American lines near Tarrytown, New York, carrying incriminating documents that detailed Arnold's treasonous plan to surrender the key American fort at West Point to the British. Disguised in civilian clothes and using a false passport, André was found to be operating as a spy rather than a conventional enemy officer.General George Washington ordered the formation of a board of senior officers, including Generals Nathanael Greene and Marquis de Lafayette, to determine André's fate. The court martial found him guilty of acting under false pretenses and ruled that he should be hanged as a spy rather than shot as a soldier—a distinction of enormous symbolic and legal consequence. Despite André's honorable conduct and appeals for a more dignified execution, Washington upheld the sentence.André's execution, carried out on October 2, 1780, marked a turning point in the American Revolution's approach to wartime law, espionage, and loyalty. It also crystallized the betrayal of Benedict Arnold, whose escape to British lines allowed him to avoid prosecution. The case highlighted how military justice operated during wartime, often blending evidentiary hearings with moral and strategic considerations. The outcome emphasized the seriousness with which the Continental Army treated the laws of war, especially in cases of clandestine operations and treason.The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in favor of the Trump administration, allowing it to withhold roughly $4 billion in foreign aid despite Congress having already appropriated the funds. The aid was intended for programs including United Nations peacekeeping and global democracy-promotion efforts. The ruling came after a lower court, led by Judge Amir Ali, had ordered the administration to release the funds, siding with aid groups that filed the lawsuit. In a brief, unsigned order, the Supreme Court questioned whether those groups had legal standing and warned that enforcing the lower court's ruling could infringe on the president's authority over foreign policy.The court's three liberal justices dissented, with Justice Elena Kagan criticizing the majority for undermining the Constitution's separation of powers. She argued that once Congress passes appropriations laws, the executive branch is legally required to carry them out unless Congress acts to change them. The Trump administration defended its actions as aligned with its “America First” foreign policy, claiming the spending conflicted with current U.S. interests. To withhold the funds, it used a “pocket rescission” strategy—an obscure method to delay spending long enough for the funds to expire.This decision reflects a broader trend of the Supreme Court supporting Trump-era policies, especially those halted by lower courts. Critics warn the ruling could set a precedent that weakens congressional control over federal spending. Legal scholars note that Trump's withholding of appropriated funds through this method is without historical precedent and could have significant humanitarian consequences globally.US Supreme Court lets Trump withhold $4 billion in foreign aid | ReutersThe Texas Supreme Court issued a preliminary opinion suggesting that the American Bar Association (ABA) should no longer control which Texas law schools qualify to send graduates to the state bar exam. Under proposed rule changes, that authority would shift to the Texas Supreme Court itself. The court would use what it calls “simple, objective, and ideologically neutral criteria,” such as bar passage rates, rather than relying on the ABA's existing standards.While the justices don't expect immediate changes to the current list of approved schools, the proposal marks a significant shift in how legal education could be regulated in Texas. Public comments will be accepted through December 1, with the rules potentially taking effect on January 1, 2026. The move comes amid broader conservative criticism of the ABA, particularly its diversity and inclusion standards, which have drawn opposition from the Trump administration and other Republican-led states like Florida and Ohio.Texas Chief Justice Jimmy Blacklock criticized the ABA for lacking ideological neutrality, saying it no longer represents the views of all lawyers. In response, eight out of ten Texas law school deans warned that severing ties with the ABA could damage national reputations and reduce access to quality legal services in the state.ABA Accreditation Should End in Texas, Justices Say TentativelyPresident Trump has formally asked the U.S. Supreme Court to uphold his executive order seeking to limit birthright citizenship, directly challenging longstanding interpretations of the 14th Amendment. His proposal would deny automatic U.S. citizenship to children born on U.S. soil unless at least one parent is a citizen or permanent resident. This represents a sharp departure from over a century of constitutional understanding, which has granted citizenship to nearly all individuals born in the country, regardless of their parents' status.Trump's legal team argues that the 14th Amendment was intended to apply only to children of those fully subject to U.S. jurisdiction—namely, citizens or lawful permanent residents—not to the children of temporary visa holders or undocumented immigrants. The administration is appealing a decision from the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, which rejected the executive order as an unconstitutional reinterpretation of settled law.This appeal marks the first time the Supreme Court is being asked to rule directly on the legality of such a restriction. In past cases, such as United States v. Wong Kim Ark (1898), the Court upheld citizenship for those born in the U.S. to noncitizen parents. Trump's team is also asking the Court to consider a related case brought by individual plaintiffs, even though it hasn't reached the appellate level, in hopes of securing a broad ruling.Trump Asks Supreme Court to Curb Birthright Citizenship (1) This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.minimumcomp.com/subscribe
Dominicans comprise the largest immigration group in modern New York City, and Dominican culture has become embedded in the city's rich fabric of immigrant history. And in one place in particular -- Washington Heights.This historic neighborhood of Upper Manhattan is named for George Washington, who led the Continental Army in an early, pivotal battle here during the Revolutionary War. Today, it's also known to some as Little Dominican Republic, home to the largest Dominican neighborhood in the United States (although more Dominicans live in the Bronx overall).Starting in the 1960s, thousands of Dominicans immigrated to the United States -- and most to New York City. Special guest Dr. Ramona Hernandez, the director of the CUNY Dominican Studies Institute, joins the Bowery Boys to discuss the extraordinary circumstances that led to this population influx and details the many reasons why Dominican culture still thrives in the Big Apple.The Bowery Boys Podcast is proud to be sponsored by Founded By NYC, celebrating New York City's 400th anniversary in 2025 and the 250th anniversary of the United States in 2026.Discover the exciting events and world-class institutions that commemorate the five boroughs' legacy of groundbreaking achievements, and find ways to celebrate the city that's always making history at Founded by NYC.This episode was produced and edited by Kieran Gannon Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.
In this episode of America's Founding Series, Professor Nick Giordano uncovers the forgotten story of Bernardo de Gálvez, the young Spanish governor whose daring courage and decisive victories helped secure American independence. From smuggling supplies to Washington's army, to leading Spain's lightning campaigns across the Gulf Coast, and his legendary cry of “Yo Solo!” at Pensacola, Gálvez's heroism changed the course of the Revolution. Discover how a foreign ally, often left out of the textbooks, became one of the unsung architects of America's freedom. Episode Highlights How Gálvez defied Spain's cautious neutrality to secretly funnel weapons, gunpowder, and supplies to the Continental Army. The bold Gulf Coast campaigns like Baton Rouge, Natchez, Mobile, and the decisive Siege of Pensacola that crippled British power. The legacy of “Yo Solo” and why Gálvez's portrait hangs in the U.S. Capitol as a foreign hero of American independence.
Hour 3 for 8/26/25 Dr. Susan Hanssen joined Drew to discuss The Revolutionary Wary (1:00). Topics: Washington and the Continental Army (4:51), Battle of Yorktown (19:38), Washington and God's Providence (25:49), Washington's time in Barbados (33:14), fighting alongside the French (37:18), did Washington convert to Catholicism? (42:13) and favorite presidents (47:08).
VIOLENT BIRTHRIGHT: 7/8 The Indispensables: The Diverse Soldier-Mariners Who Shaped the Country, Formed the Navy, and Rowed Washington Across the Delaware by Patrick K. O'Donnell (Author) 1919 WINDSOR ST MT. VERNON https://www.amazon.com/Indispensables-Marbleheads-Soldier-Mariners-Washington-Delaware/dp/0802156894 On the stormy night of August 29, 1776, the Continental Army faced capture or annihilation after losing the Battle of Brooklyn. The British had trapped George Washington's forces against the East River, and the fate of the Revolution rested upon the shoulders of the soldier-mariners from Marblehead, Massachusetts. Serving side by side in one of the country's first diverse units, they pulled off an “American Dunkirk” and saved the army by transporting it across the treacherous waters of the river to Manhattan. In the annals of the American Revolution, no group played a more consequential role than the Marbleheaders. At the right time in the right place, they repeatedly altered the course of events, and their story shines new light on our understanding of the Revolution. As acclaimed historian Patrick K. O'Donnell dramatically recounts, beginning nearly a decade before the war started, and in the midst of a raging virus that divided the town politically, Marbleheaders such as Elbridge Gerry and Azor Orne spearheaded the break with Britain and shaped the nascent United States by playing a crucial role governing, building alliances, seizing British ships, forging critical supply lines, and establishing the origins of the US Navy.E
VIOLENT BIRTHRIGHT: 1/8 The Indispensables: The Diverse Soldier-Mariners Who Shaped the Country, Formed the Navy, and Rowed Washington Across the Delaware by Patrick K. O'Donnell (Author) 1912 https://www.amazon.com/Indispensables-Marbleheads-Soldier-Mariners-Washington-Delaware/dp/0802156894 On the stormy night of August 29, 1776, the Continental Army faced capture or annihilation after losing the Battle of Brooklyn. The British had trapped George Washington's forces against the East River, and the fate of the Revolution rested upon the shoulders of the soldier-mariners from Marblehead, Massachusetts. Serving side by side in one of the country's first diverse units, they pulled off an “American Dunkirk” and saved the army by transporting it across the treacherous waters of the river to Manhattan. In the annals of the American Revolution, no group played a more consequential role than the Marbleheaders. At the right time in the right place, they repeatedly altered the course of events, and their story shines new light on our understanding of the Revolution. As acclaimed historian Patrick K. O'Donnell dramatically recounts, beginning nearly a decade before the war started, and in the midst of a raging virus that divided the town politically, Marbleheaders such as Elbridge Gerry and Azor Orne spearheaded the break with Britain and shaped the nascent United States by playing a crucial role governing, building alliances, seizing British ships, forging critical supply lines, and establishing the origins of the US Navy.
VIOLENT BIRTHRIGHT: 2/8 The Indispensables: The Diverse Soldier-Mariners Who Shaped the Country, Formed the Navy, and Rowed Washington Across the Delaware by Patrick K. O'Donnell (Author) 1819 https://www.amazon.com/Indispensables-Marbleheads-Soldier-Mariners-Washington-Delaware/dp/0802156894 On the stormy night of August 29, 1776, the Continental Army faced capture or annihilation after losing the Battle of Brooklyn. The British had trapped George Washington's forces against the East River, and the fate of the Revolution rested upon the shoulders of the soldier-mariners from Marblehead, Massachusetts. Serving side by side in one of the country's first diverse units, they pulled off an “American Dunkirk” and saved the army by transporting it across the treacherous waters of the river to Manhattan. In the annals of the American Revolution, no group played a more consequential role than the Marbleheaders. At the right time in the right place, they repeatedly altered the course of events, and their story shines new light on our understanding of the Revolution. As acclaimed historian Patrick K. O'Donnell dramatically recounts, beginning nearly a decade before the war started, and in the midst of a raging virus that divided the town politically, Marbleheaders such as Elbridge Gerry and Azor Orne spearheaded the break with Britain and shaped the nascent United States by playing a crucial role governing, building alliances, seizing British ships, forging critical supply lines, and establishing the origins of the US Navy.
VIOLENT BIRTHRIGHT: 3/8 The Indispensables: The Diverse Soldier-Mariners Who Shaped the Country, Formed the Navy, and Rowed Washington Across the Delaware by Patrick K. O'Donnell (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Indispensables-Marbleheads-Soldier-Mariners-Washington-Delaware/dp/0802156894 On the stormy night of August 29, 1776, the Continental Army faced capture or annihilation after losing the Battle of Brooklyn. The British had trapped George Washington's forces against the East River, and the fate of the Revolution rested upon the shoulders of the soldier-mariners from Marblehead, Massachusetts. Serving side by side in one of the country's first diverse units, they pulled off an “American Dunkirk” and saved the army by transporting it across the treacherous waters of the river to Manhattan. In the annals of the American Revolution, no group played a more consequential role than the Marbleheaders. At the right time in the right place, they repeatedly altered the course of events, and their story shines new light on our understanding of the Revolution. As acclaimed historian Patrick K. O'Donnell dramatically recounts, beginning nearly a decade before the war started, and in the midst of a raging virus that divided the town politically, Marbleheaders such as Elbridge Gerry and Azor Orne spearheaded the break with Britain and shaped the nascent United States by playing a crucial role governing, building alliances, seizing British ships, forging critical supply lines, and establishing the origins of the US Navy.
VIOLENT BIRTHRIGHT: 4/8 The Indispensables: The Diverse Soldier-Mariners Who Shaped the Country, Formed the Navy, and Rowed Washington Across the Delaware by Patrick K. O'Donnell (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Indispensables-Marbleheads-Soldier-Mariners-Washington-Delaware/dp/0802156894 On the stormy night of August 29, 1776, the Continental Army faced capture or annihilation after losing the Battle of Brooklyn. The British had trapped George Washington's forces against the East River, and the fate of the Revolution rested upon the shoulders of the soldier-mariners from Marblehead, Massachusetts. Serving side by side in one of the country's first diverse units, they pulled off an “American Dunkirk” and saved the army by transporting it across the treacherous waters of the river to Manhattan. In the annals of the American Revolution, no group played a more consequential role than the Marbleheaders. At the right time in the right place, they repeatedly altered the course of events, and their story shines new light on our understanding of the Revolution. As acclaimed historian Patrick K. O'Donnell dramatically recounts, beginning nearly a decade before the war started, and in the midst of a raging virus that divided the town politically, Marbleheaders such as Elbridge Gerry and Azor Orne spearheaded the break with Britain and shaped the nascent United States by playing a crucial role governing, building alliances, seizing British ships, forging critical supply lines, and establishing the origins of the US Navy.
VIOLENT BIRTHRIGHT: 5/8 The Indispensables: The Diverse Soldier-Mariners Who Shaped the Country, Formed the Navy, and Rowed Washington Across the Delaware by Patrick K. O'Donnell (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Indispensables-Marbleheads-Soldier-Mariners-Washington-Delaware/dp/0802156894 On the stormy night of August 29, 1776, the Continental Army faced capture or annihilation after losing the Battle of Brooklyn. The British had trapped George Washington's forces against the East River, and the fate of the Revolution rested upon the shoulders of the soldier-mariners from Marblehead, Massachusetts. Serving side by side in one of the country's first diverse units, they pulled off an “American Dunkirk” and saved the army by transporting it across the treacherous waters of the river to Manhattan. In the annals of the American Revolution, no group played a more consequential role than the Marbleheaders. At the right time in the right place, they repeatedly altered the course of events, and their story shines new light on our understanding of the Revolution. As acclaimed historian Patrick K. O'Donnell dramatically recounts, beginning nearly a decade before the war started, and in the midst of a raging virus that divided the town politically, Marbleheaders such as Elbridge Gerry and Azor Orne spearheaded the break with Britain and shaped the nascent United States by playing a crucial role governing, building alliances, seizing British ships, forging critical supply lines, and establishing the origins of the US Navy.
VIOLENT BIRTHRIGHT: 6/8 The Indispensables: The Diverse Soldier-Mariners Who Shaped the Country, Formed the Navy, and Rowed Washington Across the Delaware by Patrick K. O'Donnell (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Indispensables-Marbleheads-Soldier-Mariners-Washington-Delaware/dp/0802156894 On the stormy night of August 29, 1776, the Continental Army faced capture or annihilation after losing the Battle of Brooklyn. The British had trapped George Washington's forces against the East River, and the fate of the Revolution rested upon the shoulders of the soldier-mariners from Marblehead, Massachusetts. Serving side by side in one of the country's first diverse units, they pulled off an “American Dunkirk” and saved the army by transporting it across the treacherous waters of the river to Manhattan. In the annals of the American Revolution, no group played a more consequential role than the Marbleheaders. At the right time in the right place, they repeatedly altered the course of events, and their story shines new light on our understanding of the Revolution. As acclaimed historian Patrick K. O'Donnell dramatically recounts, beginning nearly a decade before the war started, and in the midst of a raging virus that divided the town politically, Marbleheaders such as Elbridge Gerry and Azor Orne spearheaded the break with Britain and shaped the nascent United States by playing a crucial role governing, building alliances, seizing British ships, forging critical supply lines, and establishing the origins of the US Navy.
VIOLENT BIRTHRIGHT: 8/8 The Indispensables: The Diverse Soldier-Mariners Who Shaped the Country, Formed the Navy, and Rowed Washington Across the Delaware by Patrick K. O'Donnell (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Indispensables-Marbleheads-Soldier-Mariners-Washington-Delaware/dp/0802156894 On the stormy night of August 29, 1776, the Continental Army faced capture or annihilation after losing the Battle of Brooklyn. The British had trapped George Washington's forces against the East River, and the fate of the Revolution rested upon the shoulders of the soldier-mariners from Marblehead, Massachusetts. Serving side by side in one of the country's first diverse units, they pulled off an “American Dunkirk” and saved the army by transporting it across the treacherous waters of the river to Manhattan. In the annals of the American Revolution, no group played a more consequential role than the Marbleheaders. At the right time in the right place, they repeatedly altered the course of events, and their story shines new light on our understanding of the Revolution. As acclaimed historian Patrick K. O'Donnell dramatically recounts, beginning nearly a decade before the war started, and in the midst of a raging virus that divided the town politically, Marbleheaders such as Elbridge Gerry and Azor Orne spearheaded the break with Britain and shaped the nascent United States by playing a crucial role governing, building alliances, seizing British ships, forging critical supply lines, and establishing the origins of the US Navy.
On August 14, 1775 Major James Brown brings back his report from Quebec, recommending that the Continental Army invade as soon as possible. For more on the American Revolution, including all back episodes for free, go to https://blog.amrevpodcast.com For Ad free episodes, join on Patreon for as little as $2/month. https://www.patreon.com/AmRevPodcast Or get a free trial subscription to the Into History Network: https://intohistory.com Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
This week: Interesting parallels between the lives of Presidents George Washington and Donald Trump, the early campaigns of the Continental Army, and the Battle of Bunker Hill. Matthew Spalding, vice president of Washington Operations and dean of Hillsdale in D.C.’s Van Andel Graduate School of Government, joins Hugh Hewitt on the Hillsdale Dialogues. Release date: 1 August 2025See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
This week: Interesting parallels between the lives of Presidents George Washington and Donald Trump, the early campaigns of the Continental Army, and the Battle of Bunker Hill. Matthew Spalding, vice president of Washington Operations and dean of Hillsdale in D.C.'s Van Andel Graduate School of Government, joins Hugh Hewitt on the Hillsdale Dialogues. Release date: […]
This week: Interesting parallels between the lives of Presidents George Washington and Donald Trump, the early campaigns of the Continental Army, and the Battle of Bunker Hill. Matthew Spalding, vice president of Washington Operations and dean of Hillsdale in D.C.’s Van Andel Graduate School of Government, joins Hugh Hewitt on the Hillsdale Dialogues. Release date: 1 August 2025See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
The Indispensables: How the Marblehead Regiment Saved Washington's Army The Not Old Better Show, Smithsonian Associates Interview Series
John Adams is arguably America’s most underrated Founding Father. He has no currency that bears his image. No national holidays celebrate his birth. He’s nearly never named as anyone’s favorite president. And he has no dedicated memorial in Washington, D.C. Despite this, he was perhaps the most influential early American, rivaling Washington, Jefferson, and Franklin. Adams was a key advocate for American independence, nominating Washington as commander of the Continental Army and helping draft the Declaration of Independence. As president, he averted war with France through the Convention of 1800, prioritizing peace despite political backlash. He also defended British soldiers in the Boston Massacre trial, showcasing his commitment to justice, and laid the foundation for the U.S. Navy by establishing the Department of the Navy in 1798. How can this be remedied? Today’s guest, Jackie Cushman, is the Chair of the Adams Memorial Commission, created by Congress to establish a Washington, DC memorial to John Adams and his family. She seeks to commemorate the lives of him and his descendants, as the original philosopher-statesmen of America.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
THAT NIGHT, MARBLEHEADERS IN WASHINGTON'S BOAT. 5/8 The Indispensables: The Diverse Soldier-Mariners Who Shaped the Country, Formed the Navy, and Rowed Washington Across the Delaware by Patrick K. O'Donnell (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Indispensables-Marbleheads-Soldier-Mariners-Washington-Delaware/dp/0802156894 On the stormy night of August 29, 1776, the Continental Army faced capture or annihilation after losing the Battle of Brooklyn. The British had trapped George Washington's forces against the East River, and the fate of the Revolution rested upon the shoulders of the soldier-mariners from Marblehead, Massachusetts. Serving side by side in one of the country's first diverse units, they pulled off an “American Dunkirk” and saved the army by transporting it across the treacherous waters of the river to Manhattan. In the annals of the American Revolution, no group played a more consequential role than the Marbleheaders. At the right time in the right place, they repeatedly altered the course of events, and their story shines new light on our understanding of the Revolution. As acclaimed historian Patrick K. O'Donnell dramatically recounts, beginning nearly a decade before the war started, and in the midst of a raging virus that divided the town politically, Marbleheaders such as Elbridge Gerry and Azor Orne spearheaded the break with Britain and shaped the nascent United States by playing a crucial role governing, building alliances, seizing British ships, forging critical supply lines, and establishing the origins of the US Navy. 1776 TRENTON
THAT NIGHT, MARBLEHEADERS IN WASHINGTON'S BOAT. 7/8 The Indispensables: The Diverse Soldier-Mariners Who Shaped the Country, Formed the Navy, and Rowed Washington Across the Delaware by Patrick K. O'Donnell (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Indispensables-Marbleheads-Soldier-Mariners-Washington-Delaware/dp/0802156894 On the stormy night of August 29, 1776, the Continental Army faced capture or annihilation after losing the Battle of Brooklyn. The British had trapped George Washington's forces against the East River, and the fate of the Revolution rested upon the shoulders of the soldier-mariners from Marblehead, Massachusetts. Serving side by side in one of the country's first diverse units, they pulled off an “American Dunkirk” and saved the army by transporting it across the treacherous waters of the river to Manhattan. In the annals of the American Revolution, no group played a more consequential role than the Marbleheaders. At the right time in the right place, they repeatedly altered the course of events, and their story shines new light on our understanding of the Revolution. As acclaimed historian Patrick K. O'Donnell dramatically recounts, beginning nearly a decade before the war started, and in the midst of a raging virus that divided the town politically, Marbleheaders such as Elbridge Gerry and Azor Orne spearheaded the break with Britain and shaped the nascent United States by playing a crucial role governing, building alliances, seizing British ships, forging critical supply lines, and establishing the origins of the US Navy. AFTER TRENTON
THAT NIGHT, MARBLEHEADERS IN WASHINGTON'S BOAT. 6/8 The Indispensables: The Diverse Soldier-Mariners Who Shaped the Country, Formed the Navy, and Rowed Washington Across the Delaware by Patrick K. O'Donnell (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Indispensables-Marbleheads-Soldier-Mariners-Washington-Delaware/dp/0802156894 On the stormy night of August 29, 1776, the Continental Army faced capture or annihilation after losing the Battle of Brooklyn. The British had trapped George Washington's forces against the East River, and the fate of the Revolution rested upon the shoulders of the soldier-mariners from Marblehead, Massachusetts. Serving side by side in one of the country's first diverse units, they pulled off an “American Dunkirk” and saved the army by transporting it across the treacherous waters of the river to Manhattan. In the annals of the American Revolution, no group played a more consequential role than the Marbleheaders. At the right time in the right place, they repeatedly altered the course of events, and their story shines new light on our understanding of the Revolution. As acclaimed historian Patrick K. O'Donnell dramatically recounts, beginning nearly a decade before the war started, and in the midst of a raging virus that divided the town politically, Marbleheaders such as Elbridge Gerry and Azor Orne spearheaded the break with Britain and shaped the nascent United States by playing a crucial role governing, building alliances, seizing British ships, forging critical supply lines, and establishing the origins of the US Navy. 177T ASSUPINK CREEK
THAT NIGHT, MARBLEHEADERS IN WASHINGTON'S BOAT. 8/8 The Indispensables: The Diverse Soldier-Mariners Who Shaped the Country, Formed the Navy, and Rowed Washington Across the Delaware by Patrick K. O'Donnell (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Indispensables-Marbleheads-Soldier-Mariners-Washington-Delaware/dp/0802156894 On the stormy night of August 29, 1776, the Continental Army faced capture or annihilation after losing the Battle of Brooklyn. The British had trapped George Washington's forces against the East River, and the fate of the Revolution rested upon the shoulders of the soldier-mariners from Marblehead, Massachusetts. Serving side by side in one of the country's first diverse units, they pulled off an “American Dunkirk” and saved the army by transporting it across the treacherous waters of the river to Manhattan. In the annals of the American Revolution, no group played a more consequential role than the Marbleheaders. At the right time in the right place, they repeatedly altered the course of events, and their story shines new light on our understanding of the Revolution. As acclaimed historian Patrick K. O'Donnell dramatically recounts, beginning nearly a decade before the war started, and in the midst of a raging virus that divided the town politically, Marbleheaders such as Elbridge Gerry and Azor Orne spearheaded the break with Britain and shaped the nascent United States by playing a crucial role governing, building alliances, seizing British ships, forging critical supply lines, and establishing the origins of the US Navy. 1914 WASHINGTON INSPETS CAPTURED HESSIAN COLORS
THAT NIGHT, MARBLEHEADERS IN WASHINGTON'S BOAT. 4/8 The Indispensables: The Diverse Soldier-Mariners Who Shaped the Country, Formed the Navy, and Rowed Washington Across the Delaware by Patrick K. O'Donnell (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Indispensables-Marbleheads-Soldier-Mariners-Washington-Delaware/dp/0802156894 On the stormy night of August 29, 1776, the Continental Army faced capture or annihilation after losing the Battle of Brooklyn. The British had trapped George Washington's forces against the East River, and the fate of the Revolution rested upon the shoulders of the soldier-mariners from Marblehead, Massachusetts. Serving side by side in one of the country's first diverse units, they pulled off an “American Dunkirk” and saved the army by transporting it across the treacherous waters of the river to Manhattan. In the annals of the American Revolution, no group played a more consequential role than the Marbleheaders. At the right time in the right place, they repeatedly altered the course of events, and their story shines new light on our understanding of the Revolution. As acclaimed historian Patrick K. O'Donnell dramatically recounts, beginning nearly a decade before the war started, and in the midst of a raging virus that divided the town politically, Marbleheaders such as Elbridge Gerry and Azor Orne spearheaded the break with Britain and shaped the nascent United States by playing a crucial role governing, building alliances, seizing British ships, forging critical supply lines, and establishing the origins of the US Navy. 1776 CROSING THE DELEWARE
THAT NIGHT, MARBLEHEADERS IN WASHINGTON'S BOAT. 3/8 The Indispensables: The Diverse Soldier-Mariners Who Shaped the Country, Formed the Navy, and Rowed Washington Across the Delaware by Patrick K. O'Donnell (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Indispensables-Marbleheads-Soldier-Mariners-Washington-Delaware/dp/0802156894 On the stormy night of August 29, 1776, the Continental Army faced capture or annihilation after losing the Battle of Brooklyn. The British had trapped George Washington's forces against the East River, and the fate of the Revolution rested upon the shoulders of the soldier-mariners from Marblehead, Massachusetts. Serving side by side in one of the country's first diverse units, they pulled off an “American Dunkirk” and saved the army by transporting it across the treacherous waters of the river to Manhattan. In the annals of the American Revolution, no group played a more consequential role than the Marbleheaders. At the right time in the right place, they repeatedly altered the course of events, and their story shines new light on our understanding of the Revolution. As acclaimed historian Patrick K. O'Donnell dramatically recounts, beginning nearly a decade before the war started, and in the midst of a raging virus that divided the town politically, Marbleheaders such as Elbridge Gerry and Azor Orne spearheaded the break with Britain and shaped the nascent United States by playing a crucial role governing, building alliances, seizing British ships, forging critical supply lines, and establishing the origins of the US Navy. 1897 HARLEM HEIGHTS
THAT NIGHT, MARBLEHEADERS IN WASHINGTON'S BOAT. 2/8 The Indispensables: The Diverse Soldier-Mariners Who Shaped the Country, Formed the Navy, and Rowed Washington Across the Delaware by Patrick K. O'Donnell (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Indispensables-Marbleheads-Soldier-Mariners-Washington-Delaware/dp/0802156894 On the stormy night of August 29, 1776, the Continental Army faced capture or annihilation after losing the Battle of Brooklyn. The British had trapped George Washington's forces against the East River, and the fate of the Revolution rested upon the shoulders of the soldier-mariners from Marblehead, Massachusetts. Serving side by side in one of the country's first diverse units, they pulled off an “American Dunkirk” and saved the army by transporting it across the treacherous waters of the river to Manhattan. In the annals of the American Revolution, no group played a more consequential role than the Marbleheaders. At the right time in the right place, they repeatedly altered the course of events, and their story shines new light on our understanding of the Revolution. As acclaimed historian Patrick K. O'Donnell dramatically recounts, beginning nearly a decade before the war started, and in the midst of a raging virus that divided the town politically, Marbleheaders such as Elbridge Gerry and Azor Orne spearheaded the break with Britain and shaped the nascent United States by playing a crucial role governing, building alliances, seizing British ships, forging critical supply lines, and establishing the origins of the US Navy. 1776 PULLING DOWN GEORGE III
THAT NIGHT, MARBLEHEADERS IN WASHINGTON'S BOAT. 1/8 The Indispensables: The Diverse Soldier-Mariners Who Shaped the Country, Formed the Navy, and Rowed Washington Across the Delaware by Patrick K. O'Donnell (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Indispensables-Marbleheads-Soldier-Mariners-Washington-Delaware/dp/0802156894 On the stormy night of August 29, 1776, the Continental Army faced capture or annihilation after losing the Battle of Brooklyn. The British had trapped George Washington's forces against the East River, and the fate of the Revolution rested upon the shoulders of the soldier-mariners from Marblehead, Massachusetts. Serving side by side in one of the country's first diverse units, they pulled off an “American Dunkirk” and saved the army by transporting it across the treacherous waters of the river to Manhattan. In the annals of the American Revolution, no group played a more consequential role than the Marbleheaders. At the right time in the right place, they repeatedly altered the course of events, and their story shines new light on our understanding of the Revolution. As acclaimed historian Patrick K. O'Donnell dramatically recounts, beginning nearly a decade before the war started, and in the midst of a raging virus that divided the town politically, Marbleheaders such as Elbridge Gerry and Azor Orne spearheaded the break with Britain and shaped the nascent United States by playing a crucial role governing, building alliances, seizing British ships, forging critical supply lines, and establishing the origins of the US Navy. 1776
FBI Releases Secret Docs Exposing Mass Voter Fraud, Article by John Zmirak. Trump- Don't Let the Rioters Win and Gold Has Entered 3rd & FINAL Phase: Why $10,000 oz Could Be Coming. FBI Releases Secret Docs Exposing Mass Voter Fraud John Zmirak. Trump Learned the Bitter Lesson of 2020: Don't Let the Rioters Win Gold Has Entered 3rd & FINAL Phase: Why $10,000 oz Could Be Coming FBI Releases Secret Docs Exposing Mass Voter Fraud to Rig 2020 Election Against Trump! FAKE Ballots Watch this video at- https://youtu.be/SfK7CHs9ABw?si=39TbBb7dcAc39zo4 Benny Johnson 4.77M subscribers 158,699 views Jun 17, 2025 This story is INSANE! 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Trump Learned the Bitter Lesson of 2020: Don't Let the Rioters Win Find the article at- https://stream.org/trump-learned-the-bitter-lesson-of-2020-dont-let-the-rioters-win/ Trump Learned the Bitter Lesson of 2020: Don't Let the Rioters Win By John Zmirak Published on June 12, 2025 As gangs of illegal aliens and radical activists attack ICE officers and now local police in the streets of Los Angeles, I'm reminded of the race riots of 2020, and the mistakes most of us made while they were happening. In case you've blotted those ugly memories from your mind, let's review what happened in the aftermath of the botched arrest of career criminal George Floyd: The police officers involved were immediately pulled from duty, then quickly arrested and charged. The System was working. There was literally nothing to riot about, except the vague and tendentious claim that “systemic racism” was killing black Americans. The Marxist group Black Lives Matter used Floyd's accidental death as a bloody shirt to wave around, demanding (and getting) hundreds of millions of dollars from large corporations to spend however it wished (for instance, on fancy homes and salaries). Conservative pundits and churches adopted that organization's mantra and offered uncritical support — desperate to establish their “antiracist” bona fides and protect their reputations. A series of coordinated “protests” erupted across the country, demanding that governments defund the police. Over and over, these protests turned violent, devolving into riots that saw the looting of neighborhoods poor and rich alike. Our media gaslit us with reports that these events were “mostly peaceful,” even as fires lit by arsonists raged on camera in the background. In blue states like Minnesota and California, Democrat governors who were savagely enforcing COVID lockdowns allowed the rioters to run free — pulling police from the scene and refusing to use their National Guards to protect citizens and their property. This was the starkest example of anarcho-tyranny in U.S. history … until the January 6 fedsurrection, that is. People who sneered when black entrepreneur and former presidential candidate Herman Cain died of COVID after attending a Trump campaign event and insisted that in-person voting was too dangerous to be allowed defended the riots publicly from the charge that they were “superspreader events.” Their excuse? “Racism is a threat to public health.” Trump did not federalize the National Guard in those rogue states to impose law and order. Like many of his supporters, and likely the advisors who convinced him to remain inert, I reasoned, “Let the blue cities burn. We'll make sure the federal government doesn't pay to rebuild them. The Left is trying to trap Trump into overreacting by using force in the hope that civilians will suffer and he will look like the dictator they've been calling him since Election Night 2016.” I now realize Step 6 was a huge mistake, as I'm sure Trump and his team had the chance to reflect on during the four years of lawfare and chaos they all endured under The Secret Committee Formerly Known As Joe Biden. Now, we need to analyze why this is true so we can give full-throated support to restoring the rule of law today. Abandoning Territory to Marxist Gangs Is Wrong Donald Trump is president of the entire United States, and he works for every American. That includes law-abiding citizens in blue states and cities who might not support mayors and governors committed to flouting U.S. laws on immigration, citizenship, and public order. Trump represents the harried, hunted police who work in Los Angeles and the taxpayers forced to fund the health care, education, and even transgender treatments of millions of illegal aliens the Biden regime let in. We're supposed to love our neighbor. At minimum that includes our fellow Americans — even those deluded enough to believe that we owe citizenship and welfare payments to foreigners who broke into our national home. Just as we shouldn't hand out free heroin to addicts and shrug at the thought that they might OD, we shouldn't hand anarchy to Californians and Minnesotans, even if it's what they say they want. “Stinks to be you” isn't a New Testament maxim. When Moderation Looks Like Weakness, It Is Weakness Letting blue cities burn or sink in their own squalor sounds tempting. However, it's not just a crime: it's a blunder, as political philosopher Yoram Hazony points out. The spectacle of U.S. cities roiling with chaos, falling into the hands of Leftist mobs waving foreign flags, makes America look weak and vulnerable in the eyes of its foreign enemies. Furthermore, it makes any president who presides over it seem like a wounded, crippled giant. That was true in 2020, and it's even truer today — when the riots are aimed not at some nebulous, made-up bogeyman like “systemic racism” or “whiteness,” but directly at the law enforcement policies that got Trump elected and are, rightly, very popular: mass repatriation of blatantly illegal aliens. These riots are aimed at Trump as a leader and his voters as citizens. They are armed, organized efforts to deprive the U.S. government of its legitimate monopoly on violence in large swathes of its territory. If Trump isn't willing to take every legal, constitutional measure to crush them and punish the perpetrators, he might as well resign right now and flee with his family into exile like the former Shah of Iran. Of course, that would leave all of us under a revolutionary tyranny every bit as ugly as Iran's. Mobs Follow the Strong and Scorn the Weak It's a sad fact of fallen human nature: A high percentage of people don't join causes or adopt opinions because of rational argumentation, or even moral sentiments. People flock to the strong and steadfast, and naturally feel contempt for those who lack the courage of their convictions. One of the main reasons that George Washington became first a national hero, then our leader in the fight for independence, was his obvious personal fearlessness. Bullets whizzed past him, shot through his hat and even his coat, and he was unperturbed. By contrast, the rival General Horatio Gates who sought to replace Washington at the head of the Continental Army disgraced himself by fleeing a 1780 military defeat at Camden, S.C., leaving his beaten troops behind. Trump can't afford to do the same today. Please Support The Stream: Equipping Christians to Think Clearly About the Political, Economic, and Moral Issues of Our Day. Even thugs who stand for evil ideas can gather a following for their bravery. In their case, it's the gumption of bullies, and attracts other would-be bullies. But that's how warlords have triumphed all too often for millennia. The thugs of illegal alien mobs, backed by the bullies in power in cities like Los Angeles, are counting on decent people to hide in their homes and on Trump to hide in the White House. We cannot let these lawless, unpatriotic, un-American mobs raise foreign flags over our cities. There's a word for that: It's “surrender.” We didn't vote for a white flag, but for the man who stood tall while bleeding and shouted, “Fight, fight, fight!” ----------------------------------------------------------------------- John Zmirak is a senior editor at The Stream and author or coauthor of 14 books, including The Politically Incorrect Guide to Immigration and The Politically Incorrect Guide to Catholicism. His newest book is No Second Amendment, No First. -------------------------------------------------------------------- Check out our ACU Patreon page: https://www.patreon.com/ACUPodcast HELP ACU SPREAD THE WORD! Please go to Apple Podcasts and give ACU a 5 star rating. Apple canceled us and now we are clawing our way back to the top. Don't let the Leftist win. Do it now! Thanks. Also Rate us on any platform you follow us on. It helps a lot. Forward this show to friends. 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