Podcasts about cornwallis

Today on the show, Paul and Ben talk about Paul's synthesizer station, Gene Hackman, the Boston Tea Party, Cornwallis, Operation Paperclip, Fitbit outing spies, the email sent to federal employees regarding five things, email encryption, DOGE costing more money than it saves, Monarch Legacy of Monsters, doing stand up and … Continue reading →

A secondary school in Maidstone has been unable to use its new £700k sports pitch – after falling foul of a ban on noise from referees' whistles.Cornwallis Academy has a brand new 3G artificial grass pitch which it has been forbidden from using since August.Also in today's podcast, there's been an increase in the number of reports of online child grooming in Kent. The NSPCC say 264 cases were recorded last year - we've spoken to Kent Police about what they're doing, and what we can do, to keep children safe. The co-owner of a burger van says he was left “shocked” after it was broken into just a week before opening.The Sheerness men had spent more than £1,500 on their new business venture, which was ransacked earlier this month. Work on a controversial one-way system branded “absolutely ridiculous” could finally start this year, having been delayed twice already.The £3 million transformation of the A28 in Wincheap is seen as a way of “considerably easing congestion” and improving “quality of life in the area”.And a Kent animal park has given a new lease of life to a pair of big cats previously living under the care of a man dubbed the “UK Tiger King”.You can hear from The Big Cat Sanctuary in Smarden who have taken on two of the rescues, including the UK's only Asian Golden Cat. 

Raynham Hall in New York looks like a typical colonial style house, but people claim it is the most haunted house in Long Island. The home has a colorful history that includes the Revolutionary War, British occupation and a spy ring. The house has changed ownership many times over the years and been refurbished and added to through the years. Some of the former occupants have decided to stay on in the afterlife. Join us as we explore the history and hauntings of Raynham Hall! Check out the website: http://historygoesbump.com Music used in this episode: Main Theme: Lurking in the Dark by Muse Music with Groove Studios Outro Music: Happy Fun Punk by Muse Music with Groove Studios Other music in this epsiode: The Rage of Cornwallis from the George Washington Show and The Presidents March by Pixabay

Esto es HistoCast. No es Esparta pero casi. Empezamos hoy una nueva serie sobre el legado del imperio español en los Estados Unidos de la mano de @cerveranavas. En esta ocasión, nos detenemos en la ayuda de España a la independencia de los Estados Unidos, a menudo desconocida o infravalorada. Participan también en esta serie de dos capítulos @danigalpe, @HugoACanete y @goyix_salduero.Secciones Historia: - Resumen de la primera parte - 00:11:20 - Las negociaciones diplomáticas de Franklin con Vergennes y el conde de Aranda en París en diciembre de 1776 - 00:33:55 - El viaje de Lee a España y la reunión con Grimaldi y Gardoqui en Burgos a comienzos de 1777 - 00:33:50 - Gálvez recibe un envío de ayuda para los rebeldes en Nueva Orleans en abril de 1777 - 00:36:28 - El Congreso Estadounidense escribe a Bernardo de Gálvez como a un aliado - 00:42:00 - Entrevista a Manuel Olmedo Checa sobre Bernardo de Gálvez - 00:45:07 - España manda un embajador informal a George Washington, Juan de Miralles, y espías a las colonias rebeldes - 1:14:58 - Las operaciones militares del año 1777, la toma de Filadelfia por los ingleses y la batalla de Germantown - 1:19:33 - La campaña de Burgoyne y la victoria estadounidense en Saratoga gracias a la ayuda organizada por Beaumarchais - 1:22:51 - Las razones de la entrada de Francia en la guerra a comienzos de 1778 - 1:38:14 - El infierno del general Washington en Valley Forge - 1:43:34 - La Gran Bretaña se da cuenta de sus errores militares y se dispone a luchar contra los Borbones - 1:47:50 - Clinton evacua Filadelfia y la confusa batalla de Mount Mouth - 1:52:25 - El conde D'Estaign sale de Toulon, intenta sorprender a los ingleses en Nueva York y fracasa frente en Newport - 1:55:00 - España sondea la posibilidad de mantenerse neutral a cambio de Gibraltar, se propone como mediador y negocia con Francia la entrada en la guerra - 1:59:18 - Las victorias de Cornwallis en las colonias del sur, la guerra en el mar y la entrada de España en la guerra en junio de 1779 - 2:03:38 - La fracasada invasión franco-española de la Gran Bretaña - 2:11:25 - Entrevista a Miguel Ángel Gálvez, presidente de la Asociación Bernardo de Gálvez - 2:19:32 - Bernardo de Gálvez ayuda a Washington antes de la entrada de España en la Guerra - 2:33:07 - Oliver Pollock - 2:36:54 - Entrevista a Teresa Valcarce - 2:39:36 - Gálvez y los Saint-Maixent - 3:10:04 - La Marcha de Gálvez - 3:15:04 - El “toma y daca” naval de 1779 - 3:32:17 - La historia del Galveztown, el bergantín de Bernardo de Gálvez - 3:35:11 - La Habana se resiste a mandar refuerzos a Gálvez y conquista la Mobila sin ayuda - 3:39:37 - Don Luis de Córdova y la acción del 9 de agosto de 1780 - 3:45:07 - La expedición particular de Rochambeau y Lafayette, la derrota de Horatio Gates en Camden - 3:50:29 - El sitio y la toma de Panzacola - 3:58:44 - Las victorias de Nathaniel Greene en las Carolinas y - 4:15:56 - El conde de Grasse, Francisco Saavedra y la campaña de Yorktown - 4:24:07 - La guerra sigue fuera del teatro americano - 4:36:49 - Conclusiones - 4:42:00 - Bibliografía - 5:28:46

BOATS THIS WEEK (OCT 14-20, 2024) — This Wednesday is the anniversary of Marie Antoinette's execution in 1793 that we saw inn the opening sequence of Ridley Scott's Napoleon (2023). After that, we'll travel exactly 169 years from 1793 to 1962, because Wednesday is also depicted in Thirteen Days (2000) as it's showing the start of the Cuban Missile Crisis. For our final historical event from the movies this week, we'll hop to October 19th, 1781 as it's shown in The Patriot (2000) to see how it shows the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown.  After learning about this week's birthdays from historical figures in the movies, we'll wrap up this episode by comparing history with another of Ridley Scott's movies, The Last Duel, which released in the U.S. on October 15th, 2021. Finally, we'll get a little behind the scenes update about BOATS This Week episodes for the remainder of 2024. Until next time, here's where you can continue the story. Events from this week in history Wednesday: Napoleon (2023) | BOATS Napoleon Miniseries Wednesday: Thirteen Days (2000) Saturday: The Patriot (2000) | BOATS #60 Birthdays from this week in history Monday: Dwight D. Eisenhower in The Longest Day (1962) Wednesday: Oscar Wilde in Wilde (1997) Sunday: Mickey Mantle in 61* (2001) Historical movies releasing this week in history Tuesday: The Last Duel (2021) Mentioned in this episode JFK's October 22nd, 1962 speech Cuban Missile Crisis timeline Eric Jager's book that they based The Last Duel on Eric Jager's article Modern-day photos of Saint-Martin-des-Champs Did you enjoy this episode? Get the BOATS email newsletter Leave a comment Support our sponsors Unlock ad-free episodes Note: If your podcast app doesn't support clickable links, copy/paste this in your browser to find all the links: https://links.boatspodcast.com/352 Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

We cover some of the heroic events that increased pride and self confidence of the Royal Navy:  Pellew's defeat of a 74 with 2 frigates and Cornwallis' Retreat.  We also have Richery's expedition which demonstrates the capabilities of the French.  They were not always incompetent.The 1795 Great Winter Campaign, the Battle of the Groix and the 1796 attempted invasion of Bantry Bay are the core events of this episode.

This week our guest is author and JAR contributor Scott Syfert. When Charles Cornwallis looked at South Carolina, he hoped for a groundswell of Loyalist support. The Battle of Ramsour's Mill broke that illusion. For more information visit www.allthingsliberty.com. 

We break down and discuss  @mlw  War Chamber Part 2 Match Card Singles Match Virus (w/Cesar Duran) vs. Star Jr. (w/Salina de la Renta) Singles Match Brett Ryan Gosselin (w/Saint Laurent) vs. Budd Heavy MLW World Tag Team Title Match World Titan Federation (Davey Boy Smith Jr. & Tom Lawlor) (w/Saint Laurent) (c) vs. Bomaye Fight Club (Alex Kane & Mr. Thomas) Singles Match Sofia Castillo vs. Zayda Singles Match Timothy Thatcher vs. Matt Riddle MLW World Heavyweight Title Match Satoshi Kojima (w/Okumura) (c) vs. Bad Dude Tito (w/Salina de la Renta) War Chamber Match The Calling (Cannonball, Doctor Cornwallis, Rickey Shane Page & Sami Callihan) vs. Death Fighters (AKIRA, Jake Crist, Jimmy Lloyd & Raven) Check the LINK TREE BELOW for more content and Merch https://linktr.ee/StraightTalkWrestling

We break down and discuss  @mlw  War Chamber Part 2 Match Card Singles Match Virus (w/Cesar Duran) vs. Star Jr. (w/Salina de la Renta) Singles Match Brett Ryan Gosselin (w/Saint Laurent) vs. Budd Heavy MLW World Tag Team Title Match World Titan Federation (Davey Boy Smith Jr. & Tom Lawlor) (w/Saint Laurent) (c) vs. Bomaye Fight Club (Alex Kane & Mr. Thomas) Singles Match Sofia Castillo vs. Zayda Singles Match Timothy Thatcher vs. Matt Riddle MLW World Heavyweight Title Match Satoshi Kojima (w/Okumura) (c) vs. Bad Dude Tito (w/Salina de la Renta) War Chamber Match The Calling (Cannonball, Doctor Cornwallis, Rickey Shane Page & Sami Callihan) vs. Death Fighters (AKIRA, Jake Crist, Jimmy Lloyd & Raven) Check the LINK TREE BELOW for more content and Merch https://linktr.ee/StraightTalkWrestling​

In this episode, we discuss our upcoming visit to East Palestine, Ohio. We also discuss the founding fathers plan to establish a New World Order under the guise of freedom & liberty.Thank you to those who have already donated to our upcoming travels. If you would like to help, here is the link:https://www.givesendgo.com/delmarvastudiosWebsite: thefacthunter.comEmail: thefacthunter@mail.comPhone: 302-990-4277 (Voice Only)Snail Mail:George HobbsPO Box 109 Goldsboro, MD 21636Show NotesEast Palestine Ohio https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Palestine,_Ohio Norfolk Southern CEO gets pay raise despite company's East Palestine train derailment https://local12.com/news/nation-world/norfolk-southern-ceo-pay-raise-despite-companys-east-palestine-train-derailment-railroad-corporate-america-east-palestine-ohio-alan-shaw One Year Later, Pennsylvanians Living Near the East Palestine Train Derailment Site Say They're Still Sick https://insideclimatenews.org/news/22022024/one-year-later-pennsylvanians-living-near-east-palestine-train-derailment-site-say-theyre-still-sick/ BROWN, VANCE CALL ON ADMINISTRATION TO ESTABLISH VOLUNTARY DISEASE REGISTRY FOR EAST PALESTINE RESIDENTS https://www.brown.senate.gov/newsroom/press/release/sherrod-brown-vance-establish-voluntary-disease-registry-east-palestine-residents Founding Fathers & Freemasonry http://www.atlanteanconspiracy.com/2008/06/freemasonry-and-founding-fathers.html Masonic United States https://www.henrymakow.com/the_united_states_is_a_masonic.html Flintstones http://www.midnightfreemasons.org/2012/09/fred-flintstone-freemason-or-not.html Mel Blanc https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_Blanc#:~:text=Blanc%20was%20a%20Freemason%20as,Blanc%20was%20also%20a%20Shriner.

National Tortilla Chip day. Entertainment from 1964. Battle over Las Angeles, 30 people crushed to death at a hanging, Castro stepped down in Cuba. Todays birthdays - Abe Vigoda, John Vernon, Paul Jones, Edward James Almos, Rupert Holmes, George Thorogood, Debra Jo Rupp, Steve Jobs, Sammy Kershaw, Billy Zane. Harold Ramis died.Intro - Pour some sugar on me - Def Leppard racheltcrowe@gmail.comTortilla chips - T BizzyI want to hold your hand - The BeatlesBeggin to you - Marty RobbinsBirthdays - In da club - 50 Cent http://50cent.com/Barney Miller TV themeDoo Wa Diddy Diddy - Manfred MannEscape (Pina Colada song) - Rupert HolmesBad to the bone - George Thorogood & the DestroyersThat 70's Show Tv themeQueen of my double wide trailer - Sammy KershawExit - Its not love - Dokken http://dokken.net/https://coolcasts.cooolmedia.com/

Pincer Maneuver I Am I Do I Have January 21st Love War Move Trade Repeat DignifAI - Programs That Remove Tattoos and Clothe Naughty Photos Online ⛧ Klaus Schwab Wears Lingerie At The Beach ⛧ SirSeatSitter Interviews The Founder of a FishTank Clan - Fed Or Friend?! ⛧ Boo-Bury Plots and Estimates a Live Concert Lighting Build ⛧ When Sailors Were Stagehands - Examining The Connection Between Stagecraft and Nautical TraditionSpotlights Yield To House Lights!BYO3-DG ZOSO'S CORNER (Show Notes) Follow us on the Fediverse! @behindthesch3m3s@mk.spook.social https://twitter.com/sch3m3s https://www.behindthesch3m3s.com/

Demp Bell tells us about his Historical Lowndes County property, Cornwallis. This is one of the fastest growing destinations to experience the diversity of our Alabama Black Belt. https://historicalcornwallis.com/ https://historicalcornwallis.com/big-doe-contest-rules/ https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100093302566447 Shane & Kevin catch us up on all the Thanksgiving weekend outdoor events and tell us how to be successful in the huntin' woods and fishing waters of the Lake Millers Ferry area on this weeks TCUB Huntin' & Fishin' Report. Looks like a wet weekend according to this weeks detailed CNB weather forecast

The Town of Lunenburg is one of several municipalities in Nova Scotia that has decided to drop the Cornwallis name from its landscape. The street formerly known as Cornwallis will now be known as Queen Street. Host Jeff Douglas spoke with Ed Halverson, the deputy mayor, about how the decision was made.

In the year 1780, South Carolina was in the grip of violence and turmoil. On December 3, 1780, General Nathanael Greene assumed command of the southern department from General Horatio Gates. Gates, the hero of Saratoga, had struggled in the Carolinas most notably at the disastrous battle of Camden. The Continental Congress relented to General Washington's preferred commander: Nathanael Greene. Thus, Greene left his post at West Point and traveled south. General Greene had a series of challenging decisions in front of him. How was he going to rebuild a nearly destroyed army? How was he going to recruit and train his forces to eventually challenge General Cornwallis? The task ahead of him was daunting. In the face of overwhelming odds, he made a militarily unorthodox decision: He split his army in half. In command of the other half of his army was General Daniel Morgan, a brawler from the Virginia backcountry. Morgan was a veteran of the French and Indian War. He was captured and held as a POW after the failed invasion of Quebec. He later distinguished himself as one of the heroes of the Saratoga campaign. In January 1781, Morgan was also faced with improbable odds. As he commanded General Greene's “flying army”, Cornwallis sent Lt. Col. “Bloody Ban” Tarleton to pursue Morgan. On January 17, 1781, General Morgan made a stand in a local cow pasture in northwest South Carolina. We know this location as Cowpens. It was here that Morgan achieved one of the most tactically brilliant victories in American military history. We know Morgan as the “Old Wagoner”, but he could just as easily be called the American Hannibal. Check out part three of the series and learn more about what happened at the Battle of Cowpens! HELP SPREAD THE WORD! If you like the show, subscribe in Apple podcasts, Spotify, or Audible. Support the show with written reviews, share on social media, and through word of mouth. Visit the website. E-mail: tim@professionalmilitaryeducation.com  Check out our Tours: Alexandria History Tours provides guided tours of Old Town Alexandria with a focus on George Washington, the Revolutionary, and the Civil War. Use promo code “PMECOMPLETE” for a 10% discount.   Further Reading:  A Devil of a Whipping  William Washington, American Light Dragoon: A Continental Cavalry Leader in the War of Independence The Road to Guilford Courthouse Daniel Morgan: A Revolutionary Life Kings Mountain and Cowpens Nathanael Greene: A Biography of the American Revolution South Carolina and the American Revolution To the End of the World: Nathanael Greene, Charles Cornwallis, and the Race to the Dan

When the British surrendered at Yorktown, the war ended and American independence was secure.  Or was it?   The British still occupied Savannah, Charleston, and New York City, and the Congress was not able to pay the American army.  During the two years between Cornwallis's surrender and the final British evacuation, George Washington faced one of the gravest crises in American history--an attempt by some of his officers to usurp the authority of Congress and establish themselves in power.  Would Washington go along?  We talk with William M. Fowler, author of American Crisis:  George Washington and the Dangerous Two Years After Yorktown 1781-1783.  You thought winning the war was difficult--wait till you hear about winning the peace!  

For the Fourth of July we go through the Revolutionary War career of Nathiel Greene, namesake of Greene County.  From Boston in 1776 to Savannah, Greene was involved in fighting the British even after Cornwallis hung up his spurs.   The Moving Through Georgia book is available on Amazon. But they are dead - A look at mourning and notable burials in Northeast Georgia  

We do love discussing the Revolutionary War around here. Often, you will hear of that Fateful harsh Winter in Washington's Camp and how the Genius of Washington drove the British completely out of New England. All true, but often it seems the Southern Campaign gets completely glossed over. So today, enjoy a supremely condensed but hyper efficient look at the Southern Colonies under Cornwallis' Occupation in 1780. WE POST DAILY! If you don't see us, check our other socials. If you got a favorite, we are most likely on it! The AllmyLinks has all of our Socials! - https://allmylinks.com/robisright

This is the first episode in a series on the Revolutionary War in the Carolinas. The series is called “American Guerillas” and part one is titled “War in the Carolinas”. This episode will cover a lot of ground and begin with an overview of the American Revolution up until the British invasion of Charleston in 1780. After a summary of the major milestones of the Revolution, the episode will cover the following:  Why the British shifted their strategy to the Carolinas Key leaders on the British side: Cornwallis and Tarleton Key leaders on the American side: William Moultrie and Horatio Gates Siege warfare tactics that the British used to take Charleston The massacre at the Waxhaws The Battle of Camden Battlefield tactics during the Revolutionary War After listening to this episode, check out “American Guerillas Part Two: The Sword of the Lord and Gideon”. Business Update: Alexandria History Tours is open for business, providing history tours in Alexandria, VA. We have a George Washington tour, a Revolutionary War tour, and Civil War history stops on our tours! Check out the website and learn more.  Check out the website: www.professionalmilitaryeducation.com to see maps and pictures.  HELP SPREAD THE WORD! If you like the show and want to hear others, subscribe in iTunes, Spotify, or Audible. Support the show with written reviews, share on social media, and through word of mouth.  Check out the show on Twitter and Facebook To request additional shows or guests, e-mail me: tim@professionalmilitaryeducation.com 

Born around 1748 in New Kent, Va., Armistead was given permission by his master to join the revolutionary cause. Although many fought as soldiers, blacks, both free and enslaved were being used by the British and the Americans to gain intelligence against each other. Armistead, however, was used by both sides, making him a double-agent. In 1781, he joined the army and was put in service under the Marquis de Lafayette, who was desperately trying to fight the chaos caused in Virginia by turncoat soldier Benedict Arnold. His forces diminished by British Gen. Charles Cornwallis' troops, Lafayette needed reliable information about enemy movements. Armistead began his work posing as an escaped slave, entering Arnold's camp as an orderly and guide, then sent what he learned back to Lafayette. He later returned north with Arnold and was posted close enough to Cornwallis' camp to learn further details of British operations without being detected. By also being used as a British spy (who fed them inaccurate data), Armistead was able to travel freely between both sides. One day, he discovered that the British naval fleet was moving 10,000 troops to Yorktown, Va., making it a central post for their operation. Using the intricate details Armistead provided, Lafayette and a stunned, but relieved George Washington lay siege to the town. Concentrating both American and French forces, a huge blockade was formed, crippling the British military and resulting in their surrender on Oct. 19, 1781. Rex Ellis, vice president of Colonial Williamsburg's Historic Area, says Armistead's role was critical to the American victory. "If he had not given the information that he gave at the strategic time he did, they would not have had the intelligence to create the blockade that ended the war." Despite his critical actions, Armistead had to petition the Virginia legislature for manumission. Lafayette assisted him by writing a recommendation for his freedom, which was granted in 1787. In gratitude Armistead adopted Lafayette's surname and lived as a farmer in Virignia until his death in 1830. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/katherine-hutchinson-hayes/support

Tonight Jeff Babineau and I host our special guest Treasure Hunter - Matt Howell. Matt was featured on Beyond Oak Island season 3 episode 9 The Lost Cache of Cornwallis. Matt and his team have spent a considerable amount of time searching for a lost Virginia town that was pillaged by British General Cornwallis in 1781. Cornwallis disappeared after being defeated but legend says he left behind a cache of plunder taken from the Colonials. Check out Matt's YouTube Channel at https://www.youtube.com/@GoneDiggin To watch our interviews and recap shows live, join us on our YouTube Channel JFree906 or on our Facebook Group for great discussion about The Curse of Oak Island, Beyond Oak Island, Treasure Hunting, The Secret of Skinwalker Ranch, and many more subjects that are Beyond Our World. The new Discord Channel https://discord.gg/PhDsUWzrNg The Curse of Oak Island & Beyond Facebook Group page www.facebook.com/groups/300803727607153/ Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/5ZBSqtGOrpmXfNZhZhu6fJ Check out becoming a Skinwalker Ranch Insider use this link - https://bit.ly/3BGD9mq Beyond our World Facebook group page - www.facebook.com/groups/567217614271404/ Help support the show by becoming a Patron https://www.patreon.com/JFree906 Contact - Jfree906@gmail.com Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/jfree_906/ Twitter - https://twitter.com/JeffFreeman50 #TheCurseofOakIsland #BeyondOakIsland #TheSecretofSkinwalkerRanch

Did you happen to catch the latest Episode 25 of Beyond Oak Island on the History channel? Join us as we talk with Matt Howell and Ross Walker from Gone Diggin, both of whom appeared on Beyond Oak Island as they went in search of Captain Cornwallis' Treasure fabled to have been hidden during the American War of Independence along his route to Yorktown. Did they find any clues, did they find the treasure? LINKS:Gone Diggin:Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@GoneDigginFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/GoneDigginFanBeyond Oak Island - The History Channel - S3 EP25 https://www.history.com/shows/beyond-oak-island/season-3RELICS RADIO is live on spreaker.com/digginwithseven every Thursday night at 8:00 pm (Eastern) and is available on spreaker.com or wherever you get your podcast.Be sure and check out our Relics Radio sponsors:American Digger Magazine - www.americandigger.comJeff Lubbert - Sales AssociateHistory Seekers303 618-5179DK's LINKS:All My Links Here: https://linktr.ee/adventuresindirtAdventures in Dirt on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/adventuresindirtAdventures in Dirt Facebook Group page: https://www.facebook.com/groups/AdventuresInDirtTONY's LINKS:5280 Adventures on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/5280adventures5280 Adventures on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/5280adventures5280 Adventures on Instagram:DIGGIN WITH SEVEN's LINKS:Diggin with Seven on YouTube www.youtube.com/digginwithsevenDiggin with Seven on MeWe: https://mewe.com/group/5ff9b8e3c3e5427a1b6f17dfRelics Radio on MeWe: https://mewe.com/group/5fdcb8bb0e3715112094773cLoy Milam on MeWe: https://mewe.com/i/loymilamWelcome to another episode of Relics Radio yall!

"flocks of chicken prostitutes which he observed before Somerset House, and which he mistook for the pupils of a large boarding school"

Alex Cornwallis is a lifelong advocate for education. Alex's earliest attempt to help his community in the education arena was in high school when Alex created his version of guide notes for his fellow students who didn't have the means to afford study guides for the standardized subject exams. And ever since then, he has never stopped helping others to remove barriers to gaining and excelling in education. Alex lives in Prosper, TX, with his wife and five children attending the public school in Prosper, ISD. He works for a high-tech industry as a senior cloud computing architect to support his family. Among many other philanthropic and educational causes and membership that Alex is a part of, some of the few mentions are his active membership in the Association of Supervision and Curriculum Development (ASCD) and membership and ally of the Texas Association of Gifted and Talented. Alex holds a Master's Degree in Software Systems from Saint Thomas University and holds a Bachelor of Science in Computer Science from Augsburg University. Alex believes that the State Board of Education members can do more than stated in their job description. When Alex gets elected to the State Board of Education, he will work diligently at the state level to secure and work with the legislative branch to provide FULL funding for public education. Additionally, Alex has started conversations with our current friendly members of Congress to secure funds for public education at a federal level. What sets Alex apart from his opponent is that he can hit the ground running when elected. ​ If you live anywhere in Collin county or North Dallas county or north Denton county or anywhere within the district you can vote for Alex to be your voice in Austin. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/idream/message

P&C review Kentucky Pumpkin Barrel Ale, then discuss the annual celebration of Yorktown Day. Why do we celebrate the day that we declared our independence rather than the day we actually won it? The boys review the history leading up to the battle of Yorktown, in which the main British army surrendered to George Washington. During the phase of the war just prior to Yorktown, the Brits moved south, hoping to collect recruits and support from the loyalists. It didn't work out that way, and they had to hold up in Yorktown. With the help of the French navy and French troops, Washington beat Cornwallis and forced his surrender, which effectively ended the war. Pigweed believes we should acknowledge and celebrate this victory.

Last time we spoke, the ironclad steam warship Nemesis had made a name for herself wrecking havoc upon the Qing navy. Lin Zexu was dismissed and Qishan began negotiations with the British. Hong Kong island was now under British occupation, Chuanbi fell to the British and it seems a treaty would be ratified but both the Emperor Daoguang and Britain's parliament rejected it forcing Britain to continue its war. The British attacked the Bogue, the First Bar island, Whampoa Island and soon Qishan was rushed to Beijing and cast into chains by the Emperor. Then the British attacked Canton hoping to force the Qing government to come to a deal. Emperor Daoguang was being fed false reports from his officials of the ongoing war, but how long could they delude him until everyone realized this was a serious war? This episode is the First Opium War Part 3: treaty of nanjing   Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War.   As usual the reports coming back to the emperor were embezzled. It was said the British were stopped at the walls of Canton by the army of General Fang and repelled. In fact, on top of the Qing forces beating back the British it was said a peasant militia had killed thousands of British forcing them to flee Canton. Some went further than this and said the British expedition was on its last legs. Yishan's report to the Emperor said “the barbarians had begged the chief general that he would implore the great Emperor in their behalf, that he would have mercy upon them, and cause their debts to be repaid them, and graciously permit them to carry on their commerce, when they would immediately withdraw their ships from the Bocca Tigris, and never dare again to raise any disturbance."The Qing court urged the emperor to build upon the great victory and to bring an even larger army into the field against the barbarians. Now that the factory quarter was secure, Elliot turned his attention back to Amoy, but he still had a large problem. The British force was full on facing an epidemic of malaria and dysentery causing numerous casualties. The British warships were becoming hospitals for the countless decimated troops. Elliot had to take the force to Hong Kong island to treat the men. On July 21 of 1841 while Elliot was forming plans to attack Amoy a merchantman from India arrived with opium and a copy of the Canton Press. The newspaper read that Elliot had been dismissed by Palmerston on April 30th of 1841! It turned out the British press had vilified Elliot for making truces with the Chinese instead of pushing for a decisive victory. The Canton truce was lambasted because the 6 million was just a fraction of their demands. Elliot sent word back to Palmerston to ask why he was being dismissed and got a reply. “Throughout the whole course of your proceedings, you seem to have considered that my instructions were waste paper, which you might treat with entire disregard, and that you were at full liberty to deal with the interests of your country according to your own fancy.”. Elliot would make a public statement “it has been popularly objected to me that I have cared too much for the Chinese. But I submit that it has been caring more for lasting British honour and substantial British interests to protect a helpless and friendly people”.   Even Queen victoria made a statement about Elliot when she wrote to her uncle King Leopold of Belgium “All we wanted might have been got, if it had not been for the unaccountably strange conduct of Charles Elliot, who completely disobeyed his instructions and trie to get the lowest terms he could”. Sir Henry Pottinger, a diplomat and veteran of the Afghan wars replaced Elliot as superintendent of Trade and given an annual salary of 6000 pounds, twice that of Elliots to rub it in. Sir William Parker was also sent to be commander in chief and both he and Pottinger held impressive resumes and vast military experience. Pottinger served during the Napoleonic wars as a cabin boy at the age of 12 and then later joined the Indian army. Parker at the age of 31 retired with the rank of captain and a large fortune in prize money from the French ships he captured during the Napoleonic wars. Parker had been spending 15 years on his estate in Litchfield as a gentleman farmer before being called out of retirement by Palmerston. Parker and Pottinger arrived in August of 1841 and were met graciously by Charles Elliot before he left with his family back home to England. The opium smugglers were delighted to finally be rid of Charles Elliot and his moralistic distaste for the opium trade. They had hoped the new guys would be more amenable than Elliot and were in for quite a shock. One of the first things Pottinger did was tell the residents of Canton “could allow no consideration connected with mercantile pursuits…to interfere with the strong measures which he might deem necessary, and if they put either themselves or their property in the power of the Chinese authorities, it must be clearly understood to be at their own risk and peril.”. While Elliot was argued to be a Sinophile, Pottinger was the very opposite a Sinophobe. Pottinger did not have any understanding of Chinese culture nor their protocol for saving face in dealings. When the governor of canton came to greet Pottinger in Macao, Pottinger simply sent a subordinate to meet the man insulting him greatly.  On August 21 of 1841 the British armada was 32 ships strong, with 4 regiments of over 27,000 men aboard them. Pottinger left 1350 men to garrison Hong Kong and sailed for Amoy (present day Xiamen). Amoy was a granite island around 300 miles north of Macao and not really of any value, it was quite barren, but it was closer to Beijing and thus a threat to Emperor Daoguang. Amoy had been fortified by the Qing recently, they built a few batteries on Gulangyu island which lies just off the coast of Amoy and they prepared defenses all along Amoy's coast. Amoys coast held 96 embrasures and over 200 cannons to defend its harbor. Then the Qing sent a force to garrison it, adding an additional 42 cannons and 10,000 troops. Gulangyu island's batteries had 76 cannons including some more modern artillery smuggled over from singapore. The British armada first made contact with Gulangyu island as it protected the approach to Amoy and the Druid, Blonde and Modeste blasted its fortifications from 400 yards away. As was typical of this war, the cannons at Amoy and Gulangyu were antiquated and in fixed positions. To give you a visual idea of the issue, these cannons could not swivel well, they were basically fixed to the ground, greatly hampering range and accuracy. Thus when the British ships began to bombard them they could not effectively return fire. After 90 minutes of bombardment, the Qing cannons went silent and the British began landing troops without any opposition. Major General Gough disembarked from Nemesis by 3:45pm as Amoy's batteries were neutralized and 26 chinese war junks in the harbor were put out of commission. Despite the ferocity of the British bombardment , Amoy's fortresses cannons began opening fire upon the troops and Gough personally led a bayonet charge towards the fortresses southern wall. The Qing soldiers on the fort began to fire their matchlocks at the British but were overwhelmed by the enemy's gunfire. Soon many of the Qing soldiers routed and when the Qing commander realized the situation was hopeless he marched straight into the sea committing suicide by drowning himself. The reports going back to Emperor Daoguang were “that the Manchu commander rushed out to drive back the assailants as they landed, fell into the water and died” sort of a positive spin on the story. The British forces scaled the forts walls and opened its gates. Inside the fort the British found a large number of opium pipes lying beside the cannons its alleged. When the British found Amoy's treasury they found a record indicating that there were thousands of silver taels, but none were to be found. It turned out the Qing officials had snuck the silver out before the British arrived. Pottinger took no time ordering the armada to refit and continue sailing north, now he wanted to make up for Elliot's giving away of Chusan.  On September 25 of 1841, the armada assembled to attack the fort of Dinghai on Chusan for a second time. Dinghai was much better fortified than Amoy and held more cannons. Dinghai's garrison was commanded by General Keo who had a large number of Gingalls. Gingalls are quite interesting and a bit comical to look at. Google one up and you will understand immediately, try to imagine a giant gun that takes a tripod and 2 men to fire. The gingall was one of the most used weapons by the Qing during this part of the century and it was not very effective against the British. The defenders of Dinghai put up an impressive resistance as noted by the British. The British sent the 55th foot to assault them and took the Dinghai fort, losing 2 men with 28 wounded. When General Keo knew the British had won the battle he slit his own throat. The British found 100 iron guns, 36 outdated brass cannons and 540 gingalls in the fort indicated the capability of the Qing military. Pottinger wrote back to Palmerston to make his resolve adamantly clear “under no circumstance will Dinghai and its dependencies be restored to the Qing government, until the whole of the demands of England are not only complied with, but carried into full effect”. Catastrophe hit again when the British ship Nerbudda transporting some British and Indian soldiers went aground off Taiwan. The British soldiers fled in lifeboats leaving the Indians behind who spent 5 days on ship until dehydration and starvation forced them to go ashore on rafts. The Qing forces in Taiwan seized them and imprisoned them. In march, an opium ship named the Ann also went aground on Taiwan and 14 of her survivors were imprisoned alongside the Indians from Nerbudda. The Qing officials were desperate for good news and sent reportes to the Emperor that a large naval battle had been won at Taiwan and 2 ships were sunk. Emperor Daoguang was delighted and rewarded the Taiwan officials with honors and silver.   Meanwhile the British armada left a garrison at Dinghai and sailed for Jintai which lies 10 miles east of the mainland. They began to bombard Jintai's forts on October 10 and it proved to be a difficult task as its forts were atop a large cliff. Around 4000 Qing troops garrisoned the city, quite a few were Mongol bannermen. Major General Gough sent a force of 15000 men to flank the fort on the cliff while Wellesley and Blenhem covered their march with bombardment. By the afternoon the British had 3 men dead and 16 wounded, but as they allegedly killed several hundred Chinese. Jintai was taken by the late afternoon and the Qing commander Yukien attempted to drown himself, but having failed to do so committed suicide by overdosing on opium. The British captured around 150 cannons and noticed amongst the majority which were antiquated, the usual sort they kept finding, a few were state of the art. The Qing were replicating the British style cannons it seemed. Many prisoners were taken, but Gough had to let them go; he simply did not have enough men to spare to guard them. Yet before letting the POW's go, the British attempted a rather heinous act. The British marines used their jackknives to cut off the Manchu queues of the Qing prisoners as take away gifts. Before too many of these marines were able to do so, to the credit of Gough he ran to the scene to stop the act.   After securing Jintai, the British sent Nemesis up the Yung River and soon discovered it was crossable and that they could navigate it to get to Ningbo. On October 13th, the British armada landed troops on Ningbo 10 miles southeast of Jintai. Ningbo's gates opened for them without a fight as the Royal Irish band played “saint patrick's day in the morning”. The British found the building that held the prisoners from the Kite and burned down the prison. Pottinger wrote to Palmerston that he “looked forward with considerable satisfaction to plundering Ningbo as a reprisal for the maltreatment there of British prisoners” and that is just what he did. The British looted 160,000 in funds and placed a 10% taxation on its citizens. Pottinger also confiscated provisions, Chinese ships, property and the main Pagoda's bell as a prize sent back to India. The Qing authorities left Ningbo and the British failed to set up any form of police and thus many looters ran rampant, Chinese and British alike. Gough and Parker were livid at the conditions, the inhabitants of Ningbo had opened the gates without a fight and should be left unmolested. They both argued Pottinger was allowing British honour to be stained at Ningbo.  Now while a lot of these victories seemed easy they were also pyrrhic in nature. Disease continuously reared its ugly head reducing the British troops. Every place they occupied had to be garrisoned and now they were down to 700 able men and had to winter in Ningbo. The humiliated and pissed off citizens of Ningbo began hurling rocks at the occupiers. Soon it became very apparent police were needed at Ningbo and thus a Qing official was set up as the chief of police named Yu Dechang. In reality the British were having Yu Dechang compile a list of the wealthiest residents of Ningbo so they could extort them for more money. Yu was also doing something else, he was spying for the Qing military who was currently massing troops outside Ningbo to retake the city! Emperor Daoguang had taken up action as soon as reports came that Ningbo had fallen. He sent his cousin Prince Yijing to recruit an army to “drive the English into the sea”. Prince Yijing was a 48 year old general and a honored veteran of wars against Muslim rebels in Xinjiang province from a decade earlier. Yijing brought with him quite an unlikely band of literary scholars whose expertise lay in confucian teachings and not the art of war. The scholars also happened to be rampant opium addicts and were deemed by the British later to be “weekend warriors”.  On march 10th of 1842, Yijing had a force of 5000, mostly ill trained intellectual types. When they came to the gate of Ningbo they were met with a head impaled on a pike and a sign reading “this is the head of the Manchu official Lu Tai-lai who came here to obtain military information”. Prince Yijing was enraged and ordered his men to scale the walls and charge the center of the city. However the British had spies of their own who had warned them of the incoming assault force. The British had deliberately left the city's western city gate quasi open in order to give the impression they did not mean to defend it. In truth the western gate had been mined heavily and when the Qing rushed to it, the mines exploded killing many. Over in the southern gate the Qing pushed back some British defenders all the way up to the city center. British soldiers reported that the Qing attacks appeared to be visibly impaired by opium, including their 2nd in command General Zhang Yingyun who was leading the rearguard once the city was breached. In the city center Major General Gough with 150 men and a field artillery piece met Zhang's force with massive gunfire. The artillery piece, a single howitzer tore the Qing troops to pieces at such a close range. Corpses began to pile apparently 15 feet high blocking the streets if you believe British sources. Not all of the Qing were these intellectual types by the way, there was a volunteer force of 150 aboriginal Chinese from Golden River. This group were not using matchlocks and instead pikes,swords and spears which were their favored weapons traditionally. The 150 unfortunate and very brave souls had rushed the British position and were completely annihilated. The British lost 5 men and reported to have inflicted up to 600 casualties upon the Qing. Bei Qingjiao a literary scholar with the Qing forces reported Zhang to behaving bizarrely during the battle in the city center. Bei reported that Zhang was commanding with an opium pipe in his mouth and collapsed in a narcotic daze. When his men began to rout, Zhang also abandoned the fight by crawling onto a litter and fleeing.  It was also reported the Qing forces had devised a rather comical military tactic during this battle. In order to destroy the British warships, some of the Qing wanted to throw monkeys holding firecrackers at the ships to set them ablaze. This was not the first time the idea was thought of during the first opium war by the way, though there is little evidence it ever occurred. There was also an idea put forward to sent Chinese merchants with smallpox contaminated meat to weakened the British prior to the attack, but General Yijing vetoed this plan deeming it to be too unethical. The battle had a devastating psychological effect on the Qing military. They had suffered nearly 600 casualties and taken nearly no British down with them. The Qing commanders were realizing the British technological superiority was too significant and a defeatist mindset began to set into the Qing military as a whole. For failing to retake Ningbo, Emperor Daoguang sentenced Prince Yijing to death. Prince Yijing would escape death and instead was exiled to Turkestan. When the Qing forces made their retreat from Ningbo and sent over 270 Chinese vessels to blockade Jintai, but it seems the commander of that force, Chen Tingchen did not want to risk an invasion and never landed troops. Instead they found a British shipwreck and salvaged pieces from it to sent to Beijing as proof they had won a great naval victory. Having failed to take Ningbo, the Qing began to poison its food supply which prompted the British to attack a village named Tzeki just up the river in retaliation where many Qing soldiers had fled to. Pottinger returned to Hong Kong in February of 1842 and found the city transformed since he last saw it. Now it really looked like a westernized city, there was a four mile road, 2 dozen brothels and builders busy constructing everywhere. The tea trade was continuing in Canton and so was the opium trade. It was estimated every 4th ship that stopped at Hong Kong was carrying opium at this point. Another 100 ships were sent to China carrying thousands of troops. Gough went from having a force of 3000 to 10,000. By may of 1842 the hostilities would fire up again. On may 18th, the British were sailing further north edging closer to Beijing to put pressure on the Emperor and came across Chapu, a town 75 miles northwest of Chusan island. Major General Gough divided his force of 2220 men into 3 groups with a right and left wing and artillery in the center. The British force landed on Chapu without resistance until they reached a joss house further inland. There were 300 Chinese barricaded inside the joss house who refused to surrender and fired upon the British inflicting casualties. The fight over the joss house went on for many hours as the British stormed parts of Chapu city bombarding its walls with artillery. Gough lost one of his senior officer Lt Colonel Nicholas Tomlinson who died leading a breaching party of the 18th Royal Irish storming the city. Aside from the Joss house fight and the initial breaches the battle went over quite well for the British as the Qing defenders had only seriously guarded one side of the city walls. In Goughs words after the battle “the enemy were completely taken by surprise as usual, they were unprepared for anything except a frontal attack. They gave way on all sides and took to flight, with the exception of a body of some 300 Tartar troops who seized a small joss-house and held it with indomitable pluck and perseverance”.  The Royal Irish were infuriated at the loss of their commander and wanted to kill POW's, but British officers intervened. Instead the POW's were subjugated to having their Manchu queues tied up together in groups of 8 to 10 men and marched in public after the city was officially captured. Despite this many POW's were bayoneted. When the British found the main Qing barracks they found a horrid scene. The Manchu had a military tradition of not being taken alive and a large force of Manchu had committed suicide after poisoning their wives and children. Black and bloated faces were seen alongside soldiers with slit throats. The British reported 13 dead and 52 wounded taking the city while the Qing they claimed lost thousands. Next the British sailed forth to attack Wusong which lay at the mouth of the Yangtze River. By taking Wusong they would be able to cut off the important second capital of Nanking from its riverway. They believed taking Nanking would bring the Qing to the bargaining table and would be easier than an attack on Beijing itself. They could also take Shanghai and cut its tax revenue to Beijing. On June 13th, the British armada made it to Wusong after being fired upon by forts along the Huangbu river, an estuary of the Yangtze which caused 3 deaths. They laid anchor off Wusong and began naval bombardments of its port on June 16th. After a few hours the Qing forts stopped returning fire and the British began landing troops to assault them. As was becoming typical, the Qing defenders had mostly fled during the cannon exchange but some stayed put to meet the invaders such as the Qing commander Chen Huacheng. Chen would go down fighting to the end as the British scaled the fort walls and occupied them. Hundreds of Qing soldiers were killed during the invasion and bombardments and by the late evening Wusong was occupied in full.  On June 19th, the British marched on Shanghai just a few miles south of Wusong. They found no sign of the enemy there, just 2 pieces of artillery left on the city's walls. The invaders scaled the walls and opened the gates as its residents fled the city. The residents of Shanghai bribed the British with 300,000 dollars to prevent looting, but the British officers simply let their men plunder. An eyewitness saw some of this pillaging go down. A wealthy and respected Qing official named Cao was living in a walled home with a courtyard in the suburbs of Shanghai when some British soldiers kicked down his front door. They began to loot the man's entire food supply and demanded of Cao to show them where he was hiding his silver. They put a knife to his throat and shouted “fan ping! Fan ping!” meaning “foreign cakes” an idiom for silver. Despite their belief the man was hiding silver about, they did not find any. Cao and his family lost all their food and to make matters worse after a few days some Chinese looters came by and stole some food Cao's family had found. Cao was forced to go door to door begging for food to feed his family, but the city had been picked clean. Cao himself wrote “foreigners have contented themselves with loot and rape, but as the city fell without resistance there has been no general slaughter. They are pressing the people into their service to do all their heavy work, such as shifting gun emplacements and gunpowder. They take anyone, buddhist monks, notables, and well known people”.  Despite Shanghai's commercial and strategic importance, the British only occupied it for a week before marching towards Nanking. By taking Nanking they hoped to end the entire war, but between them and Nanking was the walled city of Zhengjiang around 50 miles west of Nanking.  Zhengjiang held around 1583 bannerman and 2700 Green Standard Army troops and by mid july the British were blockading the route between the Yangtze river and the grand canal. On the morning of July 21 the British landed 4 brigades and attacked Zhengjiang from 3 different directions. The 1st brigade of 2310 soldiers and supported by an artillery brigade made a frontal assault attacking a Qing army in front of Zhengjiang's walls. The 2nd Brigade of 1832 men attacked Zhengjiangs western gate supported by a naval bombardment. The 3rd brigade consisting of 2155 soldiers attacked the northern gate.   At 7am the British 3rd brigade landed at Beigu mountain and its grenadiers charges the north gate as bannermen atop Zhengjaings walls fired down upon them using gingalls mounted on tripods. The 3rd brigade managed to set up artillery battered the defenders atop the walls who in the haste were trying to fire back with their own artillery. After an hour the artillery of the bannermen were knocked out and the British grenadiers bayonet charged the gate and scaled the walls bringing the fight to the wall tops.  The British 1st brigade landed and took some highlands near Jinshan and by 8am began to attack the Green standard army stationed outside the walls of Zhengjiang. When the 1st brigade began to battle the Green standard army, the British 2nd brigade stormed the western gate as the armada naval bombarded its walls. There were many houses in front of the western gate which the British occupied and fired from at the wall top defenders. The bannermen atop the walls desperately fired using gingalls upon the invaders but could not stop the British grenadiers from reaching the gate. British engineers blew up bombs using gunpowder at the west gate and it was soon breached. The Green Standard army occupied with the 1st british brigade saw the city had been breached and fires were emerging. They assumed the city was a lost cause and the commander of the Green standard army ordered a retreat. Within the city the street fighting was fierce and the British third and second brigades managed to fight towards another pincering the bannermen within the city. The Manchu commander of the bannermen, General Hailin ordered the Manchu to kill themselves rather than fall to the enemy. Again families were poisoned and soldiers strangled or slit their throats. General Hailin gathered up all his court papers into a pile, sat upon the pile and lit himself on fire. Pottinger wrote of this scene “he was worthy of a nobler and better fate”. The non Manchu residents of the city did not share this view however as before his death General Hailin ordered all the non manchu residents executed on charges of treason. I am hardly qualified to explain this, but just know the animosity between the Manchu and Han Chinese at this time was particularly bitter. A poet named Zhu Shiyun who lived on the outskirts of Zhengjiang city gave an account of this event. Of General Hailin he wrote “Hailin was in a very excited state. All over the town he arrested harmless people on the ground that they were in league with the enemy. He handed them over to the Prefect to imprison and flog. It was only at the four gates that he had a cannon pointing outwards. Inside the city his whole activity consisted in arresting passersby on suspicion of their being traitors. Whenever women or children saw Manchu soldiers, they fled in terror, upon which the soldiers ran after them and slew them, announcing to Hailin that they had disposed of traitors , for which he gave them rewards. The Barbarians different and the same were now on both sides of the gates”. The British had around 40 dead, a hundred wounded and allege they killed perhaps a thousand Chinese.   In contrast to the Manchu led horror, public opinion in the city improved of the invaders on July 24th when the British hung a rapist and looter from their own ranks. They hung placards to the men warning anyone would face the same fate for such crimes. It should be said, both these men happened to be Indian, a noticeable pattern in this war, the blaming of everything upon Indian soldiers. By August 16, a proclamation was made officially forbidding looting oh and on September the 5th opium was proclaimed fully legal and traded to the residents.  Major General Gough used his artillery to blast holes in Zhengjians walls before taking the army to march onwards, making sure the city could be easily retaken later if need be. With the capture of Zhengjiang, the British gained control over the traffic upon the Yangtze river. The British quickly blockaded the Grand Canal paralyzing the region. The governor of Nanking, Yilibu sent word to the emperor summing up the situation “The Yangtze River is a region like a throat, at which the whole situation of the country is determined. Now they have already cut off our salt and grain transportation and stopped the communication of merchants and travelers. That is not a disease like ringworm, but a trouble in our heart and stomach.”. In addition to all of that, the path to march upon Nanking was now wide open. After that it was Beijing that could be marched upon! Emperor Daoguang appointed Yilibu and a Manchu court official named Qiying to negotiate with the British. The emperor gave Qiying plenipotentiary power and ordered both men to do anything necessary to halt the British advance before it reached Beijing. Meanwhile the British were marching towards Nanking with naval forces sailing the river threatening to bombard the city. Yilibu quickly raised the white flag before a shot could be fired. Unlike previous Qing officials, both Yilibu and Qiying recognized the impending disaster should they embellish reports to the emperor. No they knew they had to tell him straight what was occuring to make sure they were not caught doing anything that would bite them in the ass later so to say. One of their first reports back to Emperor Daoguang to explain the situation in Nanking read “should we fail to ease the situation by soothing the barbarians, they will run over our country like beasts, doing anything they like”.  Yilibu approached the British displaying the typical arrogance the British had become accustomed to in China. Yilibu sent a low ranking soldier to meet Pottinger. Pottinger as you might remember was …well an asshole honesty, a complete sinophobe who knew not much about the rigid Qing protocol and its hierarchical nature, but he knew when he was being insulted. Pottinger declined the low ranking solider and demanded to meet with Yilibu himself, whom he assumed held plenipotentiary power. Pottinger accused the Qing of performing the same ruse they did with Elliot countless times, making promises without the emperors authority so they could just back out of them later. While Yilibu hesitated, Pottinger made a point by ordering attacks on local villages along the Yangtze river. Yilibu did not hold plenipotentiary power however and the Emperor quickly dispatched a seal to give it to him when Yilibu pleaded for it. As Yilibu stalled waiting for the seal, Pottinger brought up the steam warship Queen and trained her guns on the walls of Nanking and began setting up 18 howitzers on the beach to rain hell into the city. Yilibu panicked and sent his subordinate Zhang Xi to meet the British aboard the Queen. Zhang Xi took a very aggressive stance with Pottinger demanding he stop his threatening actions or else. Pottinger replied he would attack Beijing after Nanking fell, a blunt message. Zhang Xi retorted that the British military successes were only due to the kindness and forbearance of the Emperor saying “who cannot bear to kill or injure human creatures. But if pushed too far would arm every inhabitant of the great empire to fight off the invaders”. The interpreter Thom looked at Zhang Xi and objected to saying his message to Pottinger and Zhang Xi screamed while pounding the table with his fists an spitting on the floor “you kill people everywhere, plunder goods, and act like rascals; that is very disgraceful; how can you say you are not rebellious?”. Zhang Xi was escorted off the ship after his outburst which honestly could have made the British attack Nanking at any moment, kinda a loose cannon of an official. Luckily on August 9th, Yilibu received the seal of plenipotentiary power just as the British brought Cornwallis into firing range of the city walls and landed troops to camp outside them.  On August 11, Yilibu offered 3 million off the bat to postpone the British attack upon Nanking, he even said Qiying would bring it himself to Queen Victoria. Pottinger agreed to postpone and begin negotiations. Yilibu then began the classic Chinese ploy of procrastination instead of negotiation. He hoped to weary the enemy down. When Pottinger sent Yilibu a treaty, he pretended to examine it, but in truth was just biding time. Then the British told him they would commence attacks on August 13th. Yilibu was cornered now, he begrudgingly made an appearance aboard the Queen and promised to begin serious negotiations if the British called off the attack. Yilibu and other emissaries met for 4 days traveling back and forth from ship to shore until Yilibu agreed to terms. However despite his potentiary powers, Yilibu argued he still had to send a copy of the treaty to the Emperor for approval. Basically the terms were so terrible he knew he was facing death if he just signed off on them. The British understood Yilibu's predicament and allowed for this, then they invited him and his colleagues aboard Cornwallis on August 20th to wine and dine them. They served the Chinese tea and cherry brandy and Yilibu and Qiying put on a show of Qing manners by bowing before a painting of Queen Victoria. Macartney, Napier and Amherst probably smiling from their graves. While Yilibu awaited Beijing's approval, Pottingers spoke to him about the opium trade. At first Yilibu refused to discuss the subject all together, until Pottinger told the interpreter to tell him the meeting would be kept secret. Then Yilibu explained the decades of hardship opium had brought upon the Qing dynasty and suggested a common solution. Why could the British simply stop the production of the crop in its held parts of India? Pottinger replied that the Americans, French or some other nation would simply take up the business and added “If your people are virtuous, they will desist from the evil practice; and if your officers are incorruptible, and obey their orders, no opium can enter your country.”. Yilibu quickly realized the opium issue was a deal breaker and dropped the matter.  Yilibu was under terrible stress, while he was dealing with the British he was simultaneously receiving orders from Beijing to not meet with the British until they sailed away from Nanking. Yilibu ignored these imperial edicts and continued negotiations which was quite brave of him. When the British demanded Fuzhou be opened to British trade, Beijing ordered him not to allow it, but Yilibu ignored that order, also accepting the term.  The result of the negotiations was the Treaty of Nanking and it represented a total diplomatic defeat for the Qing dynasty. The original demand for 6 million in reparations for the 20,000 chests of confiscated opium and the cost for Britain's war reparations ballooned to a sum of 21 million. That was half of China's yearly tax revenues back then. Yilibu accepted the amount to be paid in installments. The British gained everything they wanted except for the legalization of the opium trade in China. Despite written instructions from Lord Palmerston to “strongly impress upon the Chinese plenipotentiaries how much it would be to the interest of that Government to legalize the trade,” Pottinger did not press upon the issue after receiving a message from Emperor Daoguang through Yilibu “gainseeking and corrupt men will for profit and sensuality defeat my wishes, but nothing will induce me to derive revenue from the vice and misery of my people.”. The Emperor Daoguang refused to agree to a formal recognition of the treaty and sent another letter to Yilibu to give Pottinger “Our nations have been united by friendly commercial intercourse for 200 years. How then, at this time, are our relations so suddenly changed, as to be the cause of a national quarrel from the spreading of the opium poison? Multitudes of our Chinese subjects consume it, wasting their property and destroying their lives. How is it possible for us to refrain from forbidding our people to use it?”. The Qing government did not want to admit publicly that a shocking amount of the Chinese population were suffering from opium addiction. On August 27th of 1842 Beijing approved what it thought to be the complete text of the treaty of nanking. The draft was signed on August 29th aboard the Cornwallis and Yilibu was so sick he had to be carried onto the British ship to sign it. The signatories, Yilibu, Qiying, Parker, Gough and Pottinger gathered in the cabin of Cornwallis as the seals were fixed. A lunch was served afterwards as the Qing banner and Union Jack flew on Cornwallis's masts. Qiying insisted on stuffing Pottinger's mouth with a candied plum at dessert time stating it was a Manchu custom and symbol of agreement. An English crewmember who witnessed this said “I shall never forget Sir Henry's face determined resignation”. The Qing left after lunch and despite Qiyings playfulness with the plums it masked their despair at the terms of the treaty. The British had agreed to give back Chusan and Amoy after the reparations were paid in full. They demanded access for trade and permanent residence at the ports of Canton, Amoy, Fuzhou, Ningbo and Shanghai. Each port had to have a British consular official and the limited trade through the Cohong system was to be abolished. The pretense that Britain was a tributary inferior nation to the Qing dynasty was to be abolished and now they were to be treated as equal nations. Hong Kong island was to be a permanent British colony and Nanking would be blockaded by Britain's armada until the first reparation payment of 6 million was paid. Yilibu was so terrified of the Emperor he sent an edited version of the Treaty of Nanking to Beijing omitting the points the Emperor and screamed not to allow. The British flotilla at Nanking remained for several weeks until the British crews began to all get sick. By october 12 of 1842 the 6 million was paid and the British fleet departed Nanking. Those shipwrecked prisoners from the Ann and Nerbudda would become unfortunate victims. The Daoguang emperor ordered their execution and on August 10th the captives were taken 3 miles outside the city walls and executed. As reported in the Chinese repository a publication in Canton All the rest—one hundred and ninety-seven [prisoners]—were placed at small distances from each other on their knees, their feet in irons and hands manacled behind their backs, thus waiting for the executioners, who went round, and with a kind of two-handed sword cut off their heads without being laid on a block. Afterwards their bodies were all thrown into one grave, and their heads stuck up in cages on the seashore. Pottinger threatened retaliation for the massacre but the governor of Canton Yiliang said he arrested the ring leaders and they would be punished at Beijing for their crimes. Back in Britain the Treaty of Nanking was hailed,  the Illustrated London News crowned  “it secures us a few round millions of dollars and no end of very refreshing tea. It gives an impetus to trade, cedes us one island in perpetuity, and in short puts that sort of climax to the war which satisfies our interests more than our vanity and rather gives over glory a preponderance to gain,”. The London Times hailed it and the British fleet “early victorian vikings”.  Much like the Treaty, the press made no mention of the reason why the war occurred, ie the illicit opium trade. Now Hong Kong island would fill its function as an offloading point for opium. Despite the Qing governments best efforts, demand in China rose for opium and it continued to flood into China. Many in the British parliament wanted to abolish the trade and many tried. In the end most paid lip service to it. An Order in Council gave Pottinger the power to “forbid the opium traffic in Hong Kong.” Pottinger paid lip service by issuing a lukewarm threat on August 1, 1843: “Opium being an article the traffic in which is well known to be declared illegal and contraband by the laws and Imperial Edicts of China, any person who may take such a step will do so at his own risk, and will, if a British subject, meet with no support or protection from HM Consuls or other officers.” The Opium merchants ignored Britain's sanctions and efforts to stop them were laughable. The Opium trade continued to thrive in China and the end of the First Opium war had done nothing to end the controversy over the illegal trade. Jardine and Mathson both left China and entered parliament as staunch Whig supporters. Their Chinese counterpart Howqua died of diarrhea a year after the signing of the treaty of nanking. Howqua most likely died the richest man on Earth at the time. Lin Zexu was eventually forgiven by the Emperor in 1845 and assigned a new post but died near Canton in 1850 before he could return to service. Emperor Daoguangs wrath over the treaty of Nanking fell unevenly. Qiying was still in his favor, while Yilibu was sent into exile in chains. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me.  And so the Qing dynasty sued for peace, but at what cost? The underlying problem had not changed, that of Opium. Could China rid itself of the illicit substance or what conflict rear its ugly head yet again?

Episode 129 is here! Listen in as we talk about the AV Fair [lol] (5:15), Russia taking L's (14:56), Iranian protests (20:13), Armenia/Azerbaijan reminder (30:27), Adame Levine outed by IG model (38:13), Kanye West says Sway had the answers (57:20), Diary of a Wimpy Kid actor sentenced to life (1:06:41), Cyberpunk Edgerunners/What We Do In Shadows/The Sandman (1:12:55), Cyberpunk (1:21:10), FFXIV's social scene (1:27:50), and more! We also talk/feature (1:33:34) music from Anthony Green, T H R O N E, Ransom/Mayor, and Silvana Estrada. Our intro/outro music is "Sea Salt" by Quadron. JOIN OUR DISCORD SERVER! Link in bio on IG or: https://discord.gg/VEHKKbVQXK Danny on IG: @therealdanko Danny on Twitter: @bulldozerdanko Danny on Twitch: twitch.tv/bulldozerdanko Leo on FB/IG/TT/Twitter: @iamdjbrute Leo's music: soundcloud.com/iamdjbrute >>> www.djbrute.com

Buy the book HERE All profits go to Homes 4 Heroes, housing homeless Veterans. Find John Barnes on Facebook HERE Chief Warrant Officer John Barnes was born in the great province of Newfoundland and joined the Canadian Forces in 1981. He completed his basic training in Cornwallis, Nova Scotia and then made his way to London, Ontario, where he completed his basic Infantry training within the 1st Battalion, The Royal Canadian Regiment (1RCR). On graduation from Basic Infantry Training, he was posted to 1RCR as a rifleman. Less than a year later, he requested and was granted a posting to 3RCR in Baden, Germany, where he remained as part of the NATO Defence Force for Europe until 1984 when he moved with the battalion to Winnipeg, Manitoba, becoming part of the Army of the West. While in Winnipeg, he completed his Infantry Section Commanders Course at the Battle School in Wainwright and was appointed to the rank of Master Corporal in 1985. In 1988, he returned to Baden, Germany, with 3RCR where he was promoted to the rank of Sergeant and remained with the Battalion until 1992. He was then posted to 2 Brigade Headquarters and Signals Squadron Petawawa, as the Operations and Training Sergeant. In 1996, he returned to Petawawa and to1RCR, where he was promoted to the rank of Warrant Officer and served as the Platoon Warrant Officer and Company Quartermaster Sergeant until his posting to Land Force Central Area Training Centre Meaford in 1999. While in Meaford, he was responsible for numerous jobs including running the basic Infantry Courses, and setting up and conducting the new Soldiers Qualification Course. He was posted back to 1RCR in 2003 and shortly thereafter was promoted to the rank of Master Warrant Officer, becoming the Company Sergeant-Major for Charles Company. In 2007, he was posted to 3RCR as the Battalion Drill Sergeant-Major and in 2009, was posted to Land Force Doctrine and Training System in Kingston, Ontario, as the Headquarters Sergeant-Major. Master Warrant Officer Barnes was promoted to the rank of Chief Warrant Officer in March 2010 and posted to Joint Task Force X in Kingston as the Unit Chief Warrant Officer. He was posted to Ottawa in 2013 as the first non-Military Policeman to be selected as the Canadian Forces Military Police Group Chief Warrant Officer. In 2016 he was posted into the Canadian Army HQ as the Chief for the Canadian Army Soldier Care Unit. Chief Warrant Officer Barnes has served in operations in Cyprus, the Persian Gulf, Croatia, Bosnia, and Afghanistan and has been awarded the Sacrifice Medal, Meritorious Service Medal and Member of the Order of Military Merit. CWO Barnes recently had a book published, “ White School Black Memories” which has been on Amazon #1 Best Seller list for two weeks. The Book is his story of Operation Medusa in 2006 in Afghanistan. He has been married to his wife Julie for 33 plus years, and has two children, John a tech with the federal government and Jana a proud member of the Canadian Military Police. Julie and John are now blessed with two wonderful grandsons, Noah and Theo. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/tango-romeo/message

Charles, First Marquis of Cornwallis (1738-1805), was a leading figure in late eighteenth-century Britain. His career spanned the American War of Independence, Irish Union, the French Revolutionary Wars, and the building of the Second British Empire in India--and he has long been associated with the unacceptable face of Britain's colonial past. In Cornwallis: Soldier and Statesman in a Revolutionary World (Yale UP, 2022), Richard Middleton shows that this portrait is far from accurate. Cornwallis emerges as a reformer who had deep empathy for those under his authority, and was clear about his obligation to govern justly. He sought to protect the population of Bengal with a constitution of written laws, insisted on Catholic emancipation in Ireland, and recognized the limitations of British power after the American war. Middleton reveals how Cornwallis' rewarding of merit, search for economy, and elimination of corruption helped improve the machinery of British government into the nineteenth century. Richard Middleton is an independent scholar and was formerly associate professor of American history at Queen's University Belfast. He is the author of The Bells of Victory, Colonial America, Pontiac's War, and The War of American Independence. Charles Coutinho, PH. D., Associate Fellow of the Royal Historical Society, received his doctorate from New York University. His area of specialization is 19th and 20th-century European, American diplomatic and political history. He has written for Chatham House's International Affairs, the Institute of Historical Research's Reviews in History and the University of Rouen's online periodical Cercles. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Charles, First Marquis of Cornwallis (1738-1805), was a leading figure in late eighteenth-century Britain. His career spanned the American War of Independence, Irish Union, the French Revolutionary Wars, and the building of the Second British Empire in India--and he has long been associated with the unacceptable face of Britain's colonial past. In Cornwallis: Soldier and Statesman in a Revolutionary World (Yale UP, 2022), Richard Middleton shows that this portrait is far from accurate. Cornwallis emerges as a reformer who had deep empathy for those under his authority, and was clear about his obligation to govern justly. He sought to protect the population of Bengal with a constitution of written laws, insisted on Catholic emancipation in Ireland, and recognized the limitations of British power after the American war. Middleton reveals how Cornwallis' rewarding of merit, search for economy, and elimination of corruption helped improve the machinery of British government into the nineteenth century. Richard Middleton is an independent scholar and was formerly associate professor of American history at Queen's University Belfast. He is the author of The Bells of Victory, Colonial America, Pontiac's War, and The War of American Independence. Charles Coutinho, PH. D., Associate Fellow of the Royal Historical Society, received his doctorate from New York University. His area of specialization is 19th and 20th-century European, American diplomatic and political history. He has written for Chatham House's International Affairs, the Institute of Historical Research's Reviews in History and the University of Rouen's online periodical Cercles. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

Charles, First Marquis of Cornwallis (1738-1805), was a leading figure in late eighteenth-century Britain. His career spanned the American War of Independence, Irish Union, the French Revolutionary Wars, and the building of the Second British Empire in India--and he has long been associated with the unacceptable face of Britain's colonial past. In Cornwallis: Soldier and Statesman in a Revolutionary World (Yale UP, 2022), Richard Middleton shows that this portrait is far from accurate. Cornwallis emerges as a reformer who had deep empathy for those under his authority, and was clear about his obligation to govern justly. He sought to protect the population of Bengal with a constitution of written laws, insisted on Catholic emancipation in Ireland, and recognized the limitations of British power after the American war. Middleton reveals how Cornwallis' rewarding of merit, search for economy, and elimination of corruption helped improve the machinery of British government into the nineteenth century. Richard Middleton is an independent scholar and was formerly associate professor of American history at Queen's University Belfast. He is the author of The Bells of Victory, Colonial America, Pontiac's War, and The War of American Independence. Charles Coutinho, PH. D., Associate Fellow of the Royal Historical Society, received his doctorate from New York University. His area of specialization is 19th and 20th-century European, American diplomatic and political history. He has written for Chatham House's International Affairs, the Institute of Historical Research's Reviews in History and the University of Rouen's online periodical Cercles. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/military-history

Charles, First Marquis of Cornwallis (1738-1805), was a leading figure in late eighteenth-century Britain. His career spanned the American War of Independence, Irish Union, the French Revolutionary Wars, and the building of the Second British Empire in India--and he has long been associated with the unacceptable face of Britain's colonial past. In Cornwallis: Soldier and Statesman in a Revolutionary World (Yale UP, 2022), Richard Middleton shows that this portrait is far from accurate. Cornwallis emerges as a reformer who had deep empathy for those under his authority, and was clear about his obligation to govern justly. He sought to protect the population of Bengal with a constitution of written laws, insisted on Catholic emancipation in Ireland, and recognized the limitations of British power after the American war. Middleton reveals how Cornwallis' rewarding of merit, search for economy, and elimination of corruption helped improve the machinery of British government into the nineteenth century. Richard Middleton is an independent scholar and was formerly associate professor of American history at Queen's University Belfast. He is the author of The Bells of Victory, Colonial America, Pontiac's War, and The War of American Independence. Charles Coutinho, PH. D., Associate Fellow of the Royal Historical Society, received his doctorate from New York University. His area of specialization is 19th and 20th-century European, American diplomatic and political history. He has written for Chatham House's International Affairs, the Institute of Historical Research's Reviews in History and the University of Rouen's online periodical Cercles. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/biography

Charles, First Marquis of Cornwallis (1738-1805), was a leading figure in late eighteenth-century Britain. His career spanned the American War of Independence, Irish Union, the French Revolutionary Wars, and the building of the Second British Empire in India--and he has long been associated with the unacceptable face of Britain's colonial past. In Cornwallis: Soldier and Statesman in a Revolutionary World (Yale UP, 2022), Richard Middleton shows that this portrait is far from accurate. Cornwallis emerges as a reformer who had deep empathy for those under his authority, and was clear about his obligation to govern justly. He sought to protect the population of Bengal with a constitution of written laws, insisted on Catholic emancipation in Ireland, and recognized the limitations of British power after the American war. Middleton reveals how Cornwallis' rewarding of merit, search for economy, and elimination of corruption helped improve the machinery of British government into the nineteenth century. Richard Middleton is an independent scholar and was formerly associate professor of American history at Queen's University Belfast. He is the author of The Bells of Victory, Colonial America, Pontiac's War, and The War of American Independence. Charles Coutinho, PH. D., Associate Fellow of the Royal Historical Society, received his doctorate from New York University. His area of specialization is 19th and 20th-century European, American diplomatic and political history. He has written for Chatham House's International Affairs, the Institute of Historical Research's Reviews in History and the University of Rouen's online periodical Cercles. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Charles, First Marquis of Cornwallis (1738-1805), was a leading figure in late eighteenth-century Britain. His career spanned the American War of Independence, Irish Union, the French Revolutionary Wars, and the building of the Second British Empire in India--and he has long been associated with the unacceptable face of Britain's colonial past. In Cornwallis: Soldier and Statesman in a Revolutionary World (Yale UP, 2022), Richard Middleton shows that this portrait is far from accurate. Cornwallis emerges as a reformer who had deep empathy for those under his authority, and was clear about his obligation to govern justly. He sought to protect the population of Bengal with a constitution of written laws, insisted on Catholic emancipation in Ireland, and recognized the limitations of British power after the American war. Middleton reveals how Cornwallis' rewarding of merit, search for economy, and elimination of corruption helped improve the machinery of British government into the nineteenth century. Richard Middleton is an independent scholar and was formerly associate professor of American history at Queen's University Belfast. He is the author of The Bells of Victory, Colonial America, Pontiac's War, and The War of American Independence. Charles Coutinho, PH. D., Associate Fellow of the Royal Historical Society, received his doctorate from New York University. His area of specialization is 19th and 20th-century European, American diplomatic and political history. He has written for Chatham House's International Affairs, the Institute of Historical Research's Reviews in History and the University of Rouen's online periodical Cercles. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Charles, First Marquis of Cornwallis (1738-1805), was a leading figure in late eighteenth-century Britain. His career spanned the American War of Independence, Irish Union, the French Revolutionary Wars, and the building of the Second British Empire in India--and he has long been associated with the unacceptable face of Britain's colonial past. In Cornwallis: Soldier and Statesman in a Revolutionary World (Yale UP, 2022), Richard Middleton shows that this portrait is far from accurate. Cornwallis emerges as a reformer who had deep empathy for those under his authority, and was clear about his obligation to govern justly. He sought to protect the population of Bengal with a constitution of written laws, insisted on Catholic emancipation in Ireland, and recognized the limitations of British power after the American war. Middleton reveals how Cornwallis' rewarding of merit, search for economy, and elimination of corruption helped improve the machinery of British government into the nineteenth century. Richard Middleton is an independent scholar and was formerly associate professor of American history at Queen's University Belfast. He is the author of The Bells of Victory, Colonial America, Pontiac's War, and The War of American Independence. Charles Coutinho, PH. D., Associate Fellow of the Royal Historical Society, received his doctorate from New York University. His area of specialization is 19th and 20th-century European, American diplomatic and political history. He has written for Chatham House's International Affairs, the Institute of Historical Research's Reviews in History and the University of Rouen's online periodical Cercles. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/american-studies

Charles, First Marquis of Cornwallis (1738-1805), was a leading figure in late eighteenth-century Britain. His career spanned the American War of Independence, Irish Union, the French Revolutionary Wars, and the building of the Second British Empire in India--and he has long been associated with the unacceptable face of Britain's colonial past. In Cornwallis: Soldier and Statesman in a Revolutionary World (Yale UP, 2022), Richard Middleton shows that this portrait is far from accurate. Cornwallis emerges as a reformer who had deep empathy for those under his authority, and was clear about his obligation to govern justly. He sought to protect the population of Bengal with a constitution of written laws, insisted on Catholic emancipation in Ireland, and recognized the limitations of British power after the American war. Middleton reveals how Cornwallis' rewarding of merit, search for economy, and elimination of corruption helped improve the machinery of British government into the nineteenth century. Richard Middleton is an independent scholar and was formerly associate professor of American history at Queen's University Belfast. He is the author of The Bells of Victory, Colonial America, Pontiac's War, and The War of American Independence. Charles Coutinho, PH. D., Associate Fellow of the Royal Historical Society, received his doctorate from New York University. His area of specialization is 19th and 20th-century European, American diplomatic and political history. He has written for Chatham House's International Affairs, the Institute of Historical Research's Reviews in History and the University of Rouen's online periodical Cercles. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/european-studies

Find out whether General Nathanael Greene's Troops participated in the Virginia Campaign which began 2 Months after Guilford Courthouse Battle. Determine if it's fair to agree that General Greene's tactics helped delay Cornwallis in getting into Virginia sooner. Learn if General Greene was pursued in other military engagements with British Forces throughout remainder of Fall 1781. Learn how General Cornwallis fared after British Surrender at Yorktown. Discover how long British Troops remained in Charleston, South Carolina after the surrender of Yorktown. Learn how long Greene kept his army under watch. Find out whether or not Greene returned back to his native home state of Rhode Island following wars end. Learn if any Southern States awarded Greene for his services. Paying tribute to General Nathanael Greene. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/kirk-monroe/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/kirk-monroe/support

Understand why British Crossing at Cowan's Ford on Catawba River located halfway between Salisbury & Charlotte became so difficult. Understand why Torrance's Tavern based upon its location was crucial given activity that took place on February 1, 1781. Find out if in fact Patriot & British Forces showed extreme signs of fatigue come early 1781. Discover what barbaric practice British Troop Forces under Cornwallis's Command resorted to while marching en route to Salisbury between February 2-3. Find out just how vital Salisbury had become prior to & during Revolutionary War. Get a brief introduction about Guilford Courthouse. Discover what General Morgan achieved that was considered improbable. Find out how many men General Greene has in his army come February 7. Understand about the importance behind A Council Of War and whether General Greene called for one prior to Mid February 1781. Discover what General Greene sought to preserve in the present moment including having learned from past militaristic mistakes. Find out whom Greene wrote to around February 9 including the explanations behind doing so. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/kirk-monroe/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/kirk-monroe/support

Learn if any tension existed over whom ought to be in charge of Continental Army prior to British advancing South. Learn how Horatio Gates got nod for becoming Southern Continental Army Commander including why date of July 25, 1781 was important. Discover General Gates's Leadership Traits including hardships endured by soldiers under his command. Find out if General Gates met an officer from South Carolina prior to August 16. Get an in depth analysis behind dates of August 15-16, 1780, what led up to & occurred on day battle itself commenced. Discover just how important Camden Battle Outcome was for the victorious party. Learn if any surprise attacks occurred prior to August 16 & in the days after including their outcomes. Discover how Charles Cornwallis evolved in terms of ranking status in British Army from 1775 up until time of his arrival South. Discover what outlook British Government had towards their overall campaign objective in the South. Find out exactly what kind of system had Cornwallis grown up under from a militaristic standpoint. Learn about Henry Rugeley including his loyalties and the kind of impact it had on General Lord Charles Cornwallis come late 1780. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/kirk-monroe/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/kirk-monroe/support

In a short episode, the Legion must lure pretentious fop Banaster Tarelton into ambush to help force Cornwallis to the sea. Featuring Frankie, Jung Soo, Brendan, and Bob of the Foundry Monsters.

DrRon and Linda discuss their visit to our nation's birthplace in Jamestown, Virginia, and the American Revolution battlefields of Williamsburg and Yorktown, where British Gen. Cornwallis surrendered to Gen. George Washington in 1781. Celebrate the bravery of America's first settlers and be amazed by their hardships and triumphs to final victory and independence...

DrRon and Linda discuss their visit to our nation's birthplace in Jamestown, Virginia, and the American Revolution battlefields of Williamsburg and Yorktown, where British Gen. Cornwallis surrendered to Gen. George Washington in 1781. Celebrate the bravery of America's first settlers and be amazed by their hardships and triumphs to final victory and independence...

Hear how Donna Paris is learning about her own history one story at a time, through a podcast she started called I Am Black History. Donna was born in Truro, and she grew up near the former base in Cornwallis, the lone Black family at that time in the military community.

In this episode, hear from Alex Cornwallis, running for State Board of Education, Place 12. This seat is up for election in November 2022 and helps shape our Texas schools. Place 12 includes a number of North Texas counties, including all of Collin county. Hear Alex's perspective about running as a South Asian candidate and amplifying the issues important to South Asian students and parents. You can learn more about Alex Cornwallis on his website, here. Learn more about WiseUp TX, volunteer, or donate on our website. The WiseUp TX podcast is available on Spotify, Apple Podcasts, Google Play and the WiseUp TX website. Also tune in on Radio Azad – download the app or 104.9 FM in Dallas. WiseUp TX is non-partisan and does not support any candidates or political party. But, we love to hear from South Asian candidates, and other candidates who want to talk to our South Asian followers! WiseUp TX interviews candidates who (1) reach out to us (2) are running in regions with Asian population density and/or (3) are of South Asian descent. For the general election, WiseUp TX makes an effort to reach out to key opponent.

Find out when exactly British General Lord Charles Cornwallis & his forces arrived into Virginia during Year of 1781. Learn where Cornwallis had been confined to battlefield wise outside of Virginia from 1780 into March 1781. Get an in depth behind the scenes analysis of what happened battle wise at Guilford Courthouse, North Carolina, March 15, 1781, including actual battles aftermath. Find out if Cornwallis obtained additional troop reinforcements after first arriving into Virginia. Learn how big of an advantage British Forces had number wise over Patriot Forces in Virginia come Spring 1781. Learn exactly how British Leaders viewed Prominent Virginia's like Thomas Jefferson. Discover what intelligence findings Cornwallis's Officers below obtained on May 30, 1781. Find out if British Colonel Banastre Tarleton is present in Virginia around the same time that Cornwallis was come May 1781. Learn what happened on June 3, 1781 including which Patriot Leader became first to realize Virginia now was epicenter of the Revolutionary War. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/kirk-monroe/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/kirk-monroe/support

Few British officers names from the American Revolution come to mind as readily as Charles, First Marquis of Cornwallis  (1738–1805).  What happened to him after his surrender at Yorktown?   Richard Middleton, author of the new biography  Cornwallis:  Soldier and Statesman in a Revolutionary World joins us to discuss Lord Cornwallis's career after Yorktown, the lessons learned in America which he applied to India and to Ireland, and Cornwallis's role in British politics and the military.   

Season 1, Episode 19 ("Block History Month"). Written by Lori Furth, Lyssa Graham, Dale Leopold and Jack Mooney.  Lyssa is furious about Jake's history class. A super-villain has a Crypto-Nightmare. A pair of stoners give some practical advice. A new docudrama explores a scammer who may be a European heiress. A 60s band takes the "British Invasion" a little too literally. There's a new Couch Potato Sports Network, a new toothpaste that gives you that genuine UK Decay, and a toy that brings the trucker's protest home.   Featuring the vocal talents of the Suffolk & Goode Players: Rebecca Davis  (Reporter, Miss Howell) Dustin Ebaugh (Jay, Brian Price, Minion 2, Beefeater Announcer, Bouncer) Lori Furth (Bower's Announcer, Minion 1, Ivanka Trump) Lyssa Graham (Herself, Willow, Junior Truck Kid 1, CPSN Anchor, Prison Operator, Socialite 2, DJ) Dale Leopold (Himself, Super-Villain Announcer, Superman, Society of British Dentists, Cornwallis 1) Nancy McLemore (Beefeater Woman, Angela Merkel, Eleanor Whatley) Chris Mezzolesta (Bower's Man in Shower, Junior Truck Announcer, Lex Luthor, Beefeater Man 2, Socialite 1, Cornwallis 2, Police Officer) Karyn O'Bryant (Jake, Junior Truck Kid 2, Newscaster, Waitress, Liner Notes Host) and George Washington III (Josh, Mitch, Brainiac, Beefeater Man 1, Ivanka Promo Announcer, Mr. McCracken) Original Music composed, performed and produced by Chris Mezzolesta. The songs "Treason," "Go Home, Paul Revere," and "You've Done Me Wrong, Hong Kong" were written by Jack Mooney and Chris Mezzolesta, and performed by Chris Mezzolesta and Dale Leopold. Editing, Sound design and audio production by Dale Leopold Artwork by Richard McMurry

This episode brought to you by the color brown.Lisa hikes into the outback to find Australia's newly sighted Yowies.Carina cashes in her fake money in the sandy ex-town of Singapore, Michigan.Whitney makes a bet with the Comte de Rochambeau.

The date upon which Americans celebrate their nation's independence helps explain a curious act of forgetting, a whitewashing of a complicated past in favor of a mythic narrative of heroism and unity. It is on the Fourth of July when we mark the Continental Congress' adoption of the Declaration of Independence, whose opening words have come to embody the American ideal. We do not gather for barbecues or fireworks on, say, October 17. On that date in 1781 Cornwallis surrendered to Washington at Yorktown, effectively ending the Revolutionary War -- a rebel victory without which the words of the Declaration would have amounted to a footnote in history. By embracing the Fourth of July and celebrating the Enlightenment ideals articulated in Jefferson's magisterial Declaration, we tend to obscure the war part of the Revolutionary War -- the internecine violence, civil war, cruelty, terror, destruction of private property, and outright misery that has accompanied most wars and revolutions. In this episode, Pulitzer Prize-winning University of Virginia historian Alan Taylor discusses why it is important to acknowledge the violence and terror that scarred the revolutionary years as well as tales of heroism and courage and the triumph of freedom and liberty.