Trending Globally: Politics and Policy

Mexico, like the United States, has a gun violence problem. It has one of the highest murder rates in the world, and most of those murders come from firearms. In 2019, for example, almost 70% of the country's 35,000 murders involved firearms.But unlike the U.S., Mexico doesn't have tens of thousands of licensed firearms dealers. It has two. So how do so many guns make their way into Mexico? And how do these guns shape Mexican society? These are two of the questions Ieva Jusionyte explores in her new book “Exit Wounds: How America's Guns Fuel Violence across the Border.” Jusionyte is an anthropologist at the Watson Institute and spent much of the last few years following people whose lives are shaped by guns in Mexico. Guns, which, by and large, come from the United States. On this episode, which was originally broadcast in May 2024, Jusionyte discusses the impact of American firearms on Mexican society and the role they play in spreading violence and trauma on both sides of the border. Learn more about and purchase "Exit Wounds: How America's Guns Fuel Violence across the Border."Transcript coming soon to our website

The World Press Freedom Index, which is issued by Reporters without Borders, measures the health of press freedom around the world. They do so along a number of axes, including the economic health of independent media, legal protections for the press and the physical security of journalists. In 2025, the global score on the index was the lowest it's ever been.On this episode, Dan Richards talks with three journalists and media thinkers who work in a part of the world where press freedom is, at times, a matter of life and death. Chernoh Bah is a Sierra Leonean journalist, historian and postdoctoral research fellow at the Watson Institute. Sadibou Marong is a journalist and Sub-Saharan Africa bureau chief for Reporters Without Borders, based in Sénégal. Zubaida Ismail is a freelance journalist and Ghana's correspondent for Reporters Without Borders.They discuss the state of press freedom in countries across Africa, what the struggle for independent journalism in countries in Africa can teach the rest of the world, and the broader relationship between independent media and democratic health. These guests, along with many others, gathered at the Watson Institute this Spring as part of the Media and Democracy Conference hosted by Watson's Africa Initiative. You can watch more conversations and presentations from the conference here. Transcript coming soon to our website.

Tuesday, April 29, marked the first 100 days of Trump's second term. To help make sense of all that's happened (and a lot has happened), Dan Richards spoke with political scientist and Interim Director of the Watson Institute, Wendy Schiller.They discussed how Trump's approach to governing has changed since his first term, and how the country, so far, has reacted to those changes. They also explore what's been missing from mainstream coverage of this moment in U.S. politics, and the evolving relationship between national politics and institutions of higher education. Transcript coming soon to our website.

On this episode, Dan Richards talks with Marc Dunkelman, Watson Institute fellow in International and Public Affairs and author of the new book “Why Nothing Works: Who Killed Progress―and How to Bring It Back.” In the book, Dunkelman explores how American progressives transformed from a movement dedicated to ambitious, effective, centralized government projects (think the New Deal or Medicaid) into a movement dedicated to limiting government power. As Marc explains, this wasn't an intentional project but the result of overlapping, competing impulses within the progressive movement and a cultural shift with progressivism in the 20th century, whose effects took decades to fully materialize. In charting this transformation and its effects, Dunkelman explains why today, even when in power, progressives seem unable to achieve their own goals, from increasing housing supply to upgrading infrastructure to decarbonizing our energy grid. He also explains how this shift has shaped our electoral politics and what progressives can do to help get progressivism (and America) working again. Learn more about and purchase “Why Nothing Works: Who Killed Progress―and How to Bring It Back.”

In 2022, OpenAI, Inc. launched a free version of its software ChatGPT, ushering in a new phase in the widespread use of artificial intelligence. Since then, a constant stream of breakthroughs in AI tech by a handful of companies has made clear that artificial intelligence will reshape our planet more profoundly and more quickly than many of us imagined.Some of these promised changes are thrilling. Just as many, it seems, are terrifying. So, how should we think about the impact AI will have on us all, especially when it comes to the most fundamental questions of humanity's shared future? According to Watson Institute Senior Fellow Malika Saada Saar, to make sure AI serves us all, we can't be too scared of it. In fact, it's all of our responsibility to use it and understand it. “It's important that all of us be able to have curiosity about the technology and to be able to interact with it. Because if the fourth industrial revolution becomes technology that's only utilized by the few, it's very dangerous,” Saar told Dan Richards on this episode of “Trending Globally.” Saar is a human rights lawyer who, before coming to Watson, served as the Global Head of Human Rights for YouTube. On this episode, Dan Richards spoke with her about how human rights law intersects with big tech and about the risks and opportunities AI poses for the future of human rights. Transcript coming soon to our website

In the 19th century, about one in three Americans moved every year. In the 1960s, that figure had shrunk to one in five In 2023, it was one in 13. In other words, a smaller percentage of Americans are moving today than they have at any time in our history. As Yoni Appelbaum, historian and deputy executive editor at The Atlantic makes clear in his book, “Stuck: How the Privileged and the Propertied Broke the Engine of American Opportunity,” this change has played a devastating role in many of the most pressing issues Americans face, from income inequality to economic mobility to political polarization.On this episode, Dan Richards talks with Appelbaum about why Americans stopped moving, why that's a problem for all of us, and what we can do to revive this key component of growth and opportunity in the U.S.Learn more about and purchase “Stuck: How the Privileged and the Propertied Broke the Engine of American Opportunity”

On February 23, Germans went to the polls. While the establishment center-right CDU/CSU alliance won the largest share of votes, the results revealed a country experiencing profound political and social change. The far-right AfD party received an unprecedented 20% of the vote, while the incumbent center-left party, the SPD, suffered its worst loss in over 100 years. So, what does this election tell us about Europe's largest economy? And as the Trump administration continues to upend U.S.-European relations, and the war in Ukraine challenges Europe's own sense of security and stability, what will this new governing coalition mean for an international order that, for the first time in decades, has the U.S. and Europe on seemingly divergent paths? On this episode, Dan Richards spoke with Watson political scientist and Europe expert Nick Ziegler to help make sense of this election and to place it in the broader context of European politics and global security. Transcript coming soon to our website

On this episode, Dan Richards talks with Tyler Jost, a political scientist and assistant professor at the Watson Institute. Tyler is an expert on international security and Chinese foreign policy, and his new book “Bureaucracies at War: The Institutional Origins of Miscalculation,” explores how leaders (in China and beyond) make decisions about when and how to engage in military conflict. Are there open channels of communication between a country's leaders and security advisors? Are there forums for debate and disagreement? And what can be done to actually help leaders make better decisions?In one sense, the questions the book explores are timeless. But Jost's book feels especially timely at this moment, as tensions continue to rise between the U.S. and China, and the world adjusts once again to an American president unmoored by traditional norms and institutions.The stakes of military conflict today have never been higher, and the need for clear, accurate analysis of the costs and benefits of military actions is more important than ever. And as Jost explains in this episode: there are lessons from history for how to help leaders make better decisions when it comes to national security. Let's just hope those in power are willing to learn them. Learn more about and purchase “Bureaucracies at War: The Institutional Origins of Miscalculation" Transcript coming soon to our websiteQuestions? Send us an email at trendingglobally@brown.edu

The Statuary Hall in the U.S. Capitol is a stately room just off the Great Rotunda, whose walls are lined with — you guessed it — statues. The statues celebrate notable figures from all 50 states.For most of its existence, there wasn't a single statue of a Black American in this hall. But that changed in 2022 when a statue of Mary McCleod Bethune was delivered to the Hall from Florida.Bethune, who was born in 1875 and died in 1955, might not be the first name you would have guessed to break this racial barrier. But as Noliwe Rooks, chair of Africana Studies at Brown University, shows in her new book “A Passionate Mind in Relentless Pursuit: The Vision of Mary McLeod Bethune,” her achievements as an educator and civil rights leader were profound, her life story is an inspiration, and her place in the statuary hall is well-deserved. The book — which has been nominated for an NAACP Image Award — is part biography, part memoir and part analysis of a period in American history that's often overlooked in the story of racial progress. If you've never heard of Bethune, this book is for you. And if you think you know the story of Mary McCleod Bethune, this book will probably show you a side of her you haven't seen before. Learn more about and purchase “A Passionate Mind in Relentless Pursuit: The Vision of Mary McLeod Bethune”

On Monday, January 20, Donald Trump was once again sworn in as President of the United States. The ceremony was moved indoors due to the cold, where Trump declared in his inaugural address that no president has ever been tested like he has, and that “the new golden age for America starts now.” However, it wasn't all speeches and ceremonies on Monday — Trump also signed dozens of executive orders, affecting U.S. policies on a range of issues, including climate change, public health, immigration and transgender rights. And while his administration is only days old, last week, we also saw the beginning of confirmation hearings in Congress for his cabinet nominations. On this episode, Dan Richards spoke with political scientist Wendy Schiller about what these early moves in Trump-world can tell us about what's to come in a second Trump administration and how Trump will operate in a country that seems more open to his brand of politics now than it was in 2016.Transcript soon coming to our websiteGuests on this episode:Wendy Schiller is a political scientist and director of the Taubman Center for American Politics and Policy at the Watson Institute. She is also the interim director of the Watson Institute.

While there are many hurdles to addressing the climate crisis in a meaningful way, there's been one consistent bright spot in climate news over the last decade: the price of renewable energy — particularly solar and wind power — has dropped dramatically. By many measures, they're now cheaper to produce than fossil fuels. So does that mean that when it comes to a “green transition,” the hardest part is behind us? With wind and solar now cheaper than fossil fuel, can simply let “the market” take care of the rest? According to Brett Christophers, a professor at the Institute for Housing and Urban Research at Uppsala University and author of the new book “The Price is Wrong: Why Capitalism Won't Save the Planet”: absolutely not.On this episode (originally broadcast on the Rhodes Center Podcast) political economist and Rhodes Center director Mark Blyth talks with Brett about why cheap renewable energy production won't lead to renewables dominating the energy market. In doing so, they also put the entire energy economy under a microscope and challenge the notion that the private sector will ever be able to lead us through a green transition.Learn more about and purchase “The Price is Wrong: Why Capitalism Won't Save the Planet”Watch Brett's October 2024 talk at the Rhodes CenterSubscribe to the Rhodes Center Podcast wherever you listen to podcasts

In the last two presidential elections in the United States, one issue has entered our political debates in a way we haven't seen in recent history: the health and future of American democracy itself. And as Rob Blair, a political scientist at the Watson Institute and co-founder of the Democratic Erosion Consortium, explains, this isn't without reason. “I am not especially bullish on the future of American democracy. I think it has deteriorated quite a bit in recent years, and I suspect we will see continued deterioration in the years to come,” Blair explained to Dan Richards on this episode of Trending Globally. However, while this erosion is concerning, it might not mean exactly what you think it does. “If what we're expecting is tanks rolling down the streets at least anytime in the immediate future, I think that's very unlikely...the end can just be a worse democracy,” said Blair.On this episode, Blair talks with Dan about the nuanced, complex reality of democratic erosion in the U.S. and around the world: what causes it, how to measure it, what it looks like in our politics, and how we might stop it. Learn more about the Democratic Erosion ConsortiumTranscript coming soon to our website

In January of 2019, journalist Elizabeth Rush joined 56 scientists and crew people aboard an ice-breaking research vessel to study the Thwaites glacier in Antarctica. The glacier, which is about the size of the state of Florida, has been nicknamed the “Doomsday Glacier” for the effect its disintegration would likely play in the rise of global sea levels. “If we lose Thwaites, there's great concern that we will lose the entirety or big portions of the West Antarctic ice sheet and that those glaciers combined contain enough ice to raise global sea levels 10 feet or more,” Rush told Dan Richards on this episode of Trending Globally. Rush recounts her voyage aboard the Palmer and how it reshaped her understanding of our changing climate and planet in her 2023 book, “The Quickening: Antarctica, Motherhood and Cultivating Hope in a Warming World.” However, as the title suggests, the book is also about another, more personal journey: Rush's decision to have a child. The resulting book is part adventure travelogue, part mediation on the meaning of motherhood, and part climate change manifesto. It also offers some much-needed wisdom on how to envision a future when it feels like the world is falling apart. Learn more about and purchase “The Quickening”Learn more about “The Conceivable Future”Transcript coming soon to our website

On November 5, Americans went to the polls and once again elected Donald Trump president of the United States. By this point, you probably know the broad strokes of his victory: He won every swing state and, unlike in 2016, the popular vote as well. It also seems clear that a key part of the Democratic Party's message — that another Trump term would threaten democracy and push the nation toward authoritarianism — didn't resonate with voters like they hoped it would. However, as Financial Times U.S. National Nditor and Watson Institute Senior Fellow Edward Luce explains on this episode of “Trending Globally,” that doesn't mean it's not true. “There's this sort of surpassing irony of what happened last Tuesday is that it was a free and fair election. Democracy worked to elect a person who rejects the democratic system unless he wins,” Luce told host Dan Richards. Luce is the author of several books, including “The Retreat of Western Liberalism,” which was published in 2017. He is an indispensable voice when it comes to understanding Trump and the MAGA movement as a phenomenon that is both uniquely American and part of decades-long trend in global politics. This is something Luce also explores with Watson Institute students in his study group, “The Revenge of Geopolitics.” On this episode, Luce spoke with Richards about what another Trump term could mean for American democracy, geopolitical stability, and the future of liberal democratic values around the world. Transcript coming soon to our websiteLearn more about and purchase “The Retreat of Western Liberalism” by Ed LuceLearn more about the Watson Institute's other podcasts

On November 5, all eyes will be on the race between Vice President Kamala Harris and former President Donald Trump for the White House. But no matter who wins the presidency, there's another close competition that will have a huge impact on U.S. politics: the fight for control of Congress. In fact, next year's Congress will play a role in our politics even before the next president is sworn in; they'll be responsible for certifying election results on January 6, 2025. Republicans appear very likely to regain control of the Senate, while control of the House of Representatives is up for grabs. To make sense of this crucial battleground within the 2024 election, Dan Richards spoke with Olivia Beavers, a congressional reporter for Politico who focuses on House Republicans and the GOP leadership. They discuss why so many House races are so close this year, how control of Congress will affect the next presidential administration and the role House Republicans would play if Trump decides to contest the results of this November's election. Link to Olivia Beavers' talk at the Watson Institute's Taubman Center for American Politics and Policy coming soonTranscript coming soon to our website.

Remember the supply chain problems of 2020 and 2021? The story we were told was that COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the world's ability to make and transport goods, leaving us with shortages of everything from surgical masks to infant formula (not to mention seven dollar eggs).However, it turns out that the real story behind those shortages is more complicated, and has less to do with the pandemic than with transformations to our economy that have been taking place over decades. On this episode (originally broadcast on the Rhodes Center Podcast), political economist Mark Blyth talks with Peter Goodman, a New York Times' global economic correspondent and author of the book, “How the World Ran Out of Everything: Inside the Global Supply Chain,” about why these shocks really occurred, and what they can tell us about the fragility of our global economy today. They also explore what these supply shortages looked like from inside individual companies, and why, unless we make some major changes to our economy, we're at risk of running out of everything again. Subscribe to the Rhode Center Podcast, hosted by political economist Mark BlythWatch Peter Goodmans' talk at the Watson Institute Transcript coming soon to our website

While no one knows how this November's election is going to go in the U.S., there's one thing most experts agree on: It's likely going to be close. Very close. Poll after poll suggests that, especially in a few key states, support for the two candidates is evenly split in a way we haven't seen in decades. So, with just about four weeks to go before election day, Dan Richards spoke with two experts about the key factors shaping this race. They discuss why neither Biden's winning coalition in 2020 nor Trump's coalition in 2016 seem likely to re-form and what this all means for American politics beyond November 5. Guests on this episode: Wendy Schiller is a political science professor and director of the Taubman Center for American Politics and Policy. She is also the interim director of the Watson Institute. Katherine Tate is a professor of political science at Brown University and an expert on public opinion and Black politics in the U.S. Learn more about the Watson Institute's other podcastsLearn more about Watson's Taubman Center for American Politics and Policy Transcript coming soon to our website.

Even for an election year, the last few months have seen a head-spinning amount of political news in the United States. So, on this episode, Dan Richards spoke with someone uniquely suited to help make sense of the race as it enters the homestretch. Isaac Dovere is a senior reporter for CNN based in Washington covering Democratic politics. He's also a senior fellow at the Watson Institute and teaches a class on political journalism. Prior to working at CNN, he was a staff writer at The Atlantic, and before that, he served as Politico's chief Washington correspondent. Beyond being one of America's most insightful political reporters, he's also a deep thinker when it comes to how political news works in America—how it's made, how it's consumed, and it in turn shapes our politics. Dan and Isaac discuss how this election has been covered in the press, how political journalism has changed since Trump first ran for president, and why everyone would benefit from being a little more critical of the news they consume (and maybe, sometimes, taking a break from the news altogether). Learn more about the Watson Institute's other podcastsTranscript coming soon to our website

Many Americans see a potential Trump victory in this year's election as a threat to American democracy. Whether you share that concern or not, the rise of Donald Trump and the prospect of a second Trump term have brought up new and unsettling questions about presidential power and the fragility of our democratic institutions. But as Corey Brettschneider explains in his new book “The Presidents and the People: Five Leaders Who Threatened Democracy and the Citizens Who Fought to Defend It,” these concerns are hardly unprecedented in our history. And the ways our country has navigated authoritarian presidents before has a lot to teach us about many of the legal and political issues defining our current moment. In the book, Brettschneider looks at examples from the 18th century through the 20th century of presidents who challenged key features of American democracy and how the country recovered from these moments of crisis.On this episode, Dan Richards talks with Brettschneider about what these lessons history can teach us, why our Constitution is so vulnerable to authoritarian Presidents, and why, despite these threats, we've been able to defend against them — so far. Learn more about and purchase "The Presidents and the People: Five Leaders Who Threatened Democracy and the Citizens Who Fought to Defend It"Learn more about the Watson Institute's other podcasts

In March 2020, the Vatican's Apostolic Archives of Pope Pius XII — also known as the Vatican's “secret archives” — were opened to scholars from around the world. Historian and Watson Professor David Kertzer was one of those scholars. What he found there is helping to reframe the role that the Catholic Church — and its then-leader, Pope Pius XII — played in World War II. Pius XII's legacy is heavily debated. Some want him to be made a saint. Others call him ‘“Hitler's Pope,” blaming him for aiding the Nazi regime and, ultimately, facilitating the Holocaust. What David Kertzer found is a much more complicated story. On this episode of “Trending Globally,” originally broadcast in the summer of 2022, the story of “a pope at war” and what it can teach us about the need for moral leadership in times of crisis. Learn more about and purchase David Kertzer's 2022 book “The Pope at War: The Secret History of Pius XII, Mussolini and Hitler"Learn more about the Watson Institute's other podcasts Transcript coming soon to our website

This is the second part in our two-part series on South Africa's politics 30 years after the election of Nelson Mandela, and with it, the end of apartheid. Around the same time as that anniversary this past spring, there was another momentous event in the country: South Africans went to the polls in May, and for the first time in 30 years, the African National Congress — the political party of Nelson Mandela — lost its parliamentary majority. On this episode, Dan Richards talks with three experts on South African politics about this pivotal moment in the country: what it can tell us about South Africa's politics since the fall of apartheid, and what it might mean for the country's future. Guests on this episode: Wilmot James, a senior advisor at Brown University's Pandemic Center. Prior to coming to Brown, Wilmot was a member of South Africa's parliament. Before that, he managed multiple special projects for Mandela's office and was a co-editor of his presidential speeches.Redi Tlhabi is an award-winning South African journalist, producer and author. She hosted the acclaimed “Redi Tlhabi Show” for many years in South Africa, and regularly comments on the country's politics for international media. Stanley Greenberg is an American political strategist and pollster who assisted in Nelson Mandela's presidential campaign in 1994 and has written extensively on politics and race relations in South Africa. Listen to part one of this two-part special, exploring the history of the fall of apartheidLearn more about Brown University's Pandemic CenterTranscript coming soon to our websiteLearn more about the Watson Institute's other podcasts

Over the course of 2024, roughly half of the world's population will participate in national elections. On this episode, we take a closer look at two of them: this summer's elections in the United Kingdom and France. In the U.K., the center-left Labour Party won in a landslide in July, ending 14 years of Conservative Party rule. In France, an alliance of left-leaning parties banded together to defeat the right-wing National Rally Party, led by Marine Le Pen. But as political economist and Watson Professor Mark Blyth explains, neither was as resounding a victory for the center-left as the topline results suggest. Furthermore, if these new governments fail to address the social and economic distress so many people in their countries are experiencing, the far-right may not be sidelined for long. Mark Blyth is the director of the Rhodes Center for International Economics and Finance at the Watson Institute. He's also host of the Rhodes Center Podcast, another podcast from the Watson Institute. On this episode, he spoke with Dan Richards about what these two elections can tell us about the political fault lines running through European politics today and what they can also tell us about right-wing populism in the U.S. ahead of our own election in November. Subscribe to the Rhodes Center Podcast, hosted by Mark BlythTranscript coming soon to our website

This spring marked the thirtieth anniversary of the election of Nelson Mandela as South Africa's president and the end of apartheid, the system of legalized racial segregation that had existed in South Africa for decades. Around the same time as that anniversary, there was another momentous event in the country: South Africans went to the polls in May, and for the first time in 30 years, the African National Congress — the political party of Nelson Mandela — lost its parliamentary majority. These two events — the anniversary of Mandela's election and the unprecedented defeat of his party today — bring up important questions about South Africa's politics since the fall of apartheid and where the country will go from here. This will be the first in a two-part special looking at South Africa 30 years after the end of apartheid. Wilmot James, a senior advisor at Brown University's Pandemic Center, will be our guide for these two episodes. Prior to coming to Brown, Wilmot was a member of South Africa's Parliament, and before that he managed multiple special projects for President Mandela's office, and was a co-editor of his presidential speeches.To start this episode, we'll hear some of Wilmot's story and how his life intersected with the rise and fall of apartheid in his home country. Learn more about Brown University's Pandemic CenterTranscript coming soon to our websiteLearn more about the Watson Institute's other podcasts

On June 4, results came in from the largest democratic election in history. Over 640 million people voted in India's election, which took place at over one million polling places across the country over the course of six weeks. Many predicted that India's prime minister Nerandra Modi and his party, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) would dominate the election, grow their ranks in Parliament, and further impose their Hindu-nationalist ideology on the country. However, that wasn't what happened. Modi was reelected, but his party lost over 60 seats in the lower house of Parliament. The BJP will have to govern as part of a multi-party coalition, and most likely moderate their Hindu-nationalist aspirations.On this episode, you'll hear from Ashutosh Varshney, a political scientist at Brown University and director of the Watson Institute's Saxena Center for Contemporary South Asia, about this historic election: what led to its surprising outcome, what it means for the Hindu-nationalist movement embodied by Prime Minister Nerandra Modi, and what it might tell us about the struggle for democracy occurring in countries around the world. *Trending Globally will be taking a brief summer hiatus, but we'll be back in July with all-new episodes*Learn more about the Saxena Center for Contemporary South Asia at the Watson InstituteLearn more about the Watson Institute's other podcastsTranscript coming soon to our website

For this week's show, we're sharing an episode of “Humans in Public Health,” a podcast from The Brown School of Public Health. It makes a great follow-up to our episode earlier this month about Rhode Island's first-in-the-nation legally approved proposal for a safe injection site (also known as an overdose prevention center) and how such programs will hopefully fit into the fight against America's overdose crisis. Host Megan Hall spoke with Brandon del Pozo, an assistant professor of medicine and health services at Brown (and a former police officer), about the relationship between America's overdose crisis, law enforcement's drug policies, and the growing interest in safe injection sites around the country. They discuss how safe injection sites in New York City have affected the overdose crisis there and what lessons Rhode Island can learn as the state plans to open its first safe injection site later this year. Listen to more from Humans in Public HealthTranscript coming soon to our website

At the Watson Institute, the beginning of summer means commencement festivities, moving trucks, and bittersweet goodbyes. In American politics, the beginning of summer means something very different: the approach of the Supreme Court's summer recess and, with it, the handing down of the Court's final decisions from this term. This year's cases will have profound effects on the 2024 election, gun rights, reproductive rights, and more. While it's nothing new for the Supreme Court to weigh in on contentious issues in society, as our guest on this episode sees it, something profound has shifted within the Court over the last few years. The decisions they hand down are not only increasingly transformative, they're also lining up more and more clearly with our partisan politics. And no matter your politics, that should be a problem. Kate Shaw is a constitutional law scholar and professor at the University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School and a 2001 graduate of Brown University. She is also the co-host of the podcast “Strict Scrutiny,” which explores the Supreme Court — the cases, the people and the culture surrounding it. On this episode, Dan Richards spoke with her about how the Supreme Court fits in our politics today, how that role has changed over time, and what Kate thinks its role in our society today should be.Subscribe to Trending Globally wherever you listen to podcasts. Subscribe to Strict Scrutiny wherever you listen to podcasts.Transcript coming soon to our website.

Mexico, like the United States, has a gun violence problem. It has one of the highest murder rates in the world, and most of those murders come from firearms. In 2019, for example, almost 70% of the country's 35,000 murders involved firearms.But unlike the U.S., Mexico doesn't have tens of thousands of licensed firearms dealers. It has two. So how do so many guns make their way into Mexico? And how do these guns shape Mexican society? These are two of the questions Ieva Jusionyte explores in her new book “Exit Wounds: How America's Guns Fuel Violence across the Border.” Jusionyte is an anthropologist at the Watson Institute and spent much of the last few years following people whose lives are shaped by guns in Mexico. Guns, which, by and large, come from the United States. On this episode, Jusionyte discusses the impact of American firearms on Mexican society and the role they play in spreading violence and trauma on both sides of the border. Learn more about and purchase "Exit Wounds: How America's Guns Fuel Violence across the Border"Learn more about the Watson Institute's other podcastsTranscript coming soon to our websitePhoto credit: Tony Rinaldo

In February of this year, Providence became the first city in America to approve opening a state-sanctioned overdose prevention center. Sometimes known as safe injection sites, these are facilities where people can bring illegal drugs and consume them under the supervision of trained volunteers and health professionals. It's one of the boldest experiments in the U.S. of an approach to addressing the drug overdose crisis known as “harm reduction,” which is focused less on forcing people to stop using drugs and instead on helping people use them more safely. It might sound counterintuitive that such an approach could help stem our country's drug overdose epidemic, which killed over 112,000 Americans in 2023. But as our two guests on this episode explain, overdose prevention centers — along with many other “harm reduction” interventions — work. Studies have shown that they not only help reduce drug-related deaths, they also help people recover from drug addiction more broadly. On this episode, Dan Richards talks with two public health leaders in Rhode Island about this new overdose prevention center — how it will work, why it matters, and what it says about the future of addressing America's drug overdose crisis. Guests on this episode:Colleen Daley Ndoye, executive director of Project Weber/RENEW, the organization that will be overseeing Rhode Island's overdose prevention centerBrandon Marshall, chair of epidemiology at Brown University. Learn more about Project Weber/RENEWLearn more about the People, Places, and Health Collective at Brown University's School of Public HealthLearn more about the Watson Institute's other podcastsTranscript coming soon to our website

In the 1970s in Nicaragua, left-wing rebels, calling themselves the Sandinista National Liberation Front, fought to overthrow their country's dictator. It worked. The Sandinistas led a coalition that took over the government in July 1979, in what became known as the Sandinista Revolution. However, within a few years, the Sandinistas faced a violent backlash, which pushed the country into a state of unrest that lasted for almost a decade. This period of violence, from roughly 1982-1988, was known as the Contra War. To many Americans, it's often associated with the Cold War and Ronald Reagan. It's been described as a proxy battle between the Soviet-supported Sandinistas on one side, and the U.S.-supported counter-revolutionaries, or Contras, on the other. But in this episode, we'll go beyond that Cold War framing of the conflict, to uncover a fuller explanation of why the Sandinista Revolution was successful in Nicaragua in 1979, why it was replaced by a liberal democratic government in 1990, and why that democracy has since fallen apart. Mateo Jarquín is a historian and author of The Sandinista Revolution: A Global Latin American History.” Through interviews with former Sandinistas and archival research conducted across Latin America, Mateo tells the story of this momentous decade in Latin American politics from the perspective of those who lived it. In doing so, he challenges our understanding of the Cold War's impact on Latin America, from the 1980s straight through to the present. In the second half of the episode, we'll talk with Watson Senior Fellow Steven Kinzer about Nicaragua's repressive political regime today, and a surprising act of resistance whose full effects are yet to be seen. Learn about and purchase “The Sandinista Revolution: A Global Latin American History”Listen to episode 1 of “Revolution Revisited” a limited series on the history of the Sandinista Revolution, from Trending GloballyLearn more about the Watson Institute's other podcastsTranscript coming soon to our website

Here's a depressing fact: it takes longer to travel from Boston to Los Angeles today than it did 50 years ago. Getting to the airport, getting through the airport, the flight itself — just about every part of the process takes longer than it once did. According to New York Times senior writer David Leonhardt, this is just one example of the stagnation defining so many aspects of America's society and economy today. From life expectancy to education outcomes to rates of income inequality, by so many measures, American society simply isn't improving for as many Americans as rapidly as it once did. By some measures, it's not improving at all.In other words: the American dream is increasingly out of reach. Leonhardt's newest book, “Ours Was the Shining Future: The Story of the American Dream,” explores the data and the history behind this dimming of the American dream. This spring, he came to the Watson Institute to discuss the book with Jeff Colgan, director of the Watson Institute's Climate Solutions Lab. In this episode of Trending Globally, Colgan talks with Leonhardt about the cultural and political shifts that have contributed to this change, and about what needs to be done to make widespread prosperity attainable in the decades to come. Learn more about and purchase “Ours Was the Shining Future: The Story of the American Dream”Subscribe to “The Morning”, a newsletter from The New York TimesLearn more about the Watson Institute's other podcastsTranscript coming soon to our website

The last decade has seen the growth of two political movements that appear diametrically opposed: the Black Lives Matter movement and the rise of Donald Trump. But as our guest on this episode explains, these two movements are linked, and can only be understood together. On this episode, Dan Richards talks with political scientist Juliet Hooker about how these movements are just the most recent evolution of two of the most powerful forces in American politics — what she describes as “Black grief” and “white grievance.” Hooker's new book, “Black Grief/White Grievance: The Politics of Loss,” explores how these two forces have related to each other throughout American history, what they can teach us about how to build a better democracy, and what they tell us about how feelings of loss shape not only our psyches but our politics.Learn more about and purchase “Black Grief/White Grievance: The Politics of Loss”Learn more about the Watson Institute's other podcastsLearn more about “Humans in Public Health,” a podcast from the Brown University School of Public HealthTranscript coming soon to our website

We've got a lot of exciting new Trending Globally episodes coming up in the next few weeks and months, but this week we're sharing an episode of another podcast from the Watson Institute: Mark and Carrie. The show is hosted by political economist Mark Blyth and political scientist Carrie Nordlund. On each episode, they discuss, debate and, occasionally, make fun of the biggest headlines of the day. The conversations are always thought-provoking and informative, and while the topics are sometimes somber, the show is not. On this episode, they discuss some of the factors shaping the 2024 U.S. elections, the state of the wars in Gaza and Ukraine, and what's next for the U.K.'s Labour Party. They also ponder: is Mark too old for VR headsets? Listen to more of Mark and Carrie and subscribe. Learn about all of the Watson Institute's other podcasts. Episode transcript coming soon to our website.

February 24, 2024, marks two years since the beginning of the War in Ukraine. In the war's first year, Russia's assault on Ukraine shook the West, while Ukraine's defense of the territory captivated the world. While no less deadly or consequential, the war's second year has looked very different. The war has become a stalemate on the battlefield, altering the politics in Kyiv, the Kremlin, and among their respective allies. Neither country's leaders appear to be looking for a way out of the war anytime soon, and the prospect of peace in Ukraine seems as far away as it's been at any point in the last two years. On this episode, Dan Richards discusses the state of the War in Ukraine with Lyle Goldstein, a Senior Fellow at the Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs at Brown University and director of Asia Engagement at Defense Priorities. They explore the shifting definitions of “victory” in both Kyiv and the Kremlin over the past 12 months, what an end to this conflict might look like, and what it would take to bring both country's leaders to the negotiating table. Learn more about the Watson Institute's other podcastsTranscript coming soon to our website

In the United States, inequality along the lines of race in education is such a persistent issue that it often fails to make headlines. COVID-19 brought it back to the front of the nation's consciousness as evidence mounted that nonwhite students were experiencing roughly twice as much learning loss as their white counterparts. Yet, as our guest on this episode explains, if history is any guide, more attention to the issue doesn't necessarily mean better outcomes for nonwhite and poor students. There's a long history of well-financed, elite (largely white) institutions investing time and money to try and address inequality in American education with little to show for it. Even more unsettling, these efforts often make the problem worse. On this episode, Dan Richards talks with Noliwe Rooks, chair of Africana Studies at Brown University, and the author of an award-winning book, “Cutting School: Privatization, Segregation, and the End of Public Education.” They discuss the surprising history of some of America's most influential school reform efforts, and the deeper historical patterns and racist structures that keep our education system broken for so many American children. Learn more about and purchase “Cutting School: Privatization, Segregation, and the End of Public Education.”Learn more about the Watson Institute's other podcastsTranscript coming soon to our website

Backlash is hardly a new political force — since America's founding, change has often been driven by citizens mobilizing in opposition to policies, programs, or social movements. But recently, as our guest on this episode explains, backlash movements have come to dominate our politics in unprecedented ways. He argues that to build a more stable and healthy politics, we need to better understand how these forces work. Why do certain policies, movements, or individual politicians incite powerful backlash movements while others don't? And why — whether we're talking about immigration, healthcare, reproductive rights, or countless other issues — has backlash come to dominate so many different policy realms? On this episode, Dan Richards explores these questions with Eric Patashnik, a political scientist at the Watson Institute, and author of the book “Countermobilization: Policy Feedback and Backlash in a Polarized Age.” In the book, Patashnik provides a theory of political backlash — what causes it, why it's diffused through our politics over the last few decades, and how policymakers and politicians can learn to remain effective in a political moment dominated by backlash and countermobilization. Learn more about and purchase “Countermobilization: Policy Feedback and Backlash in a Polarized Age”Learn more about the Watson Institute's other podcastsTranscript coming soon to our website

Trending Globally will be back with all new episodes soon, but in the meantime we're rereleasing some of our favorite episodes from 2023. We hope you enjoy – and have a great start to 2024!***The beginning of 2023 saw a disturbing milestone: the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists moved the ‘Doomsday Clock' forward to 90 seconds to midnight – the closest it's been to ‘Doomsday' since the clock was established in 1947. But what would it take for a nuclear weapon to actually be used in the world today? And if one was used, how would the rest of the world respond? In this episode (originally released in February 2023), the second in our limited series on the theory, policies, and practice of conflict escalation, you'll hear from two experts rethinking how nuclear threats are understood and modeled. Rose McDermott is a professor of International Affairs at the Watson Institute, and Reid Pauly is an assistant professor of Nuclear Security and Policy at Watson. Their paper “Decision-making Under Pressure: The Mechanisms and Psychology of Nuclear Brinkmanship” is the lead article in the current issue of International Security. In it, they reframe one of the most fundamental theories for understanding nuclear risks: nuclear “brinkmanship.” They highlight why conventional models of brinkmanship fail to fully explain how a nuclear crisis might unfold and explore what interventions are needed to prevent one from starting. Read Rose and Reid's paper, “Decision-making Under Pressure: The Mechanisms and Psychology of Nuclear Brinkmanship.”Listen to the first episode in our limited series, “Escalation,” with Lyle Goldstein. Learn more about the Watson Institute's other podcasts.

“Trending Globally” will be back with all new episodes soon, but in the meantime, we're rereleasing a few of our favorite episodes from 2023. We hope you enjoy — and have a great start to 2024!***In 2007, Watson Professor John Eason moved with his family from Chicago to Forest City, Arkansas. At the time Eason was getting his Ph.D. at the University of Chicago, and he moved to Forest City to learn about America's mass incarceration crisis from a perspective that's often overlooked: that of the towns where America's prisons are located. What effect do prisons have in these often underserved rural communities? And what role do these communities play in what scholars and activists often call the “prison industrial complex”? What he found was a story that defied easy explanation. “After a week in Forest City…everything I had thought I'd known about why we build prisons was completely changed,” Eason described. His book about Forest City, “Big House on the Prairie: Rise of the Rural Ghetto and Prison Proliferation,” explores the town's politics, history, and culture to offer a nuanced picture of how prisons affect the communities that house them. In doing so, he unsettles many of the notions Americans have about the relationship between race, class and mass incarceration. On this episode of “Trending Globally” (originally broadcast in January 2022), Eason explains what brought him to Forest City, what he found once he got there, and how it changed his view of the prison-industrial complex. Whether you see prisons as a necessary part of society or an institution in need of abolition, John's work provides essential context for envisioning a more humane and just way forward for America's carceral system. Learn more about and purchase “Big House on the Prairie”Learn more about the Watson Institute's other podcasts Transcript coming soon to our website

This December marks four years since the first confirmed case of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. On this episode of Trending Globally, Dan Richards speaks with two experts from the Pandemic Center at Brown University's School of Public Health about the ways our society's approach to public health has changed since 2019. They discuss how we should be thinking about COVID-19 in our daily lives, the unexpected ways international conflicts have changed conversations around pandemic preparedness, and what the Great Baltimore Fire of 1904 can teach us about how societies learn from disasters.Guest on today's episode: Jennifer Nuzzo is an epidemiologist and director of the Pandemic Center at the Brown University's School of Public HealthWilmot James is an internationally recognized leader in the fields of global health, international security, and a Senior Advisor to the Pandemic Center. Watch Jennifer Nuzzo's TED talk about how to prepare for future pandemicsLearn more about the Watson Institute's other podcastsTranscript coming soon

On this episode, political economist and Watson professor Mark Blyth talks with Nobel Prize-winning economist Sir Angus Deaton about his new book, “Economics in America: An Immigrant Economist Explores the Land of Inequality.” You may not know Angus Deaton by name, but you probably know a phrase he helped to make famous: “deaths of despair.” In 2015, Deaton and his wife and research partner Anne Case published a paper that revealed something startling: an increase in mortality rates among white middle-aged men and women in the 2000s and 2010s in the United States. Deaton and Case attributed this to a confluence of factors, including economic stagnation, social isolation and the opioid crisis. In explaining this topic, they did something economists usually avoid doing: They told a sweeping but still complex and nuanced story about American society and economy in the 21st century.In this conversation, Mark and Angus Deaton discuss Deaton's new book, as well as its relationship to his work on deaths of despair. They also explore why the field of economics ignored the issue of inequality for so long, and why in the last decade that's started to change. This episode was originally broadcast on the Rhodes Center Podcast, another podcast from the Watson Institute. If you want to hear a longer version of this conversation, you can find it by subscribing to the Rhodes Center Podcast or by visiting their website. Learn more about and purchase “Economics in America: An Immigrant Economist Explores the Land of Inequality.”Learn more about the Watson Institute's other podcasts.Transcript coming soon to our website.

How do our individual experiences shape our political views? What role do our own stories and memories play in how we think about the world around us? How can we use our memories — even our most painful ones — to help build a more peaceful politics? These are complicated questions, and not of the variety we often ask on this show. But historian Omer Bartov thinks that trying to answer them is essential to finding political solutions to our most vexing problems. And in his new book “Genocide, the Holocaust and Israel-Palestine: First-Person History in Times of Crisis,” Bartov powerfully makes the case. On this episode of Trending Globally, Dan Richards talks with Bartov about the book — which weaves together personal stories, historical analyses and a moral critique of Israel's treatment of Palestinians — and how individual stories and personal memories are inextricably linked to the politics we create. Although this podcast was scheduled before the current Israeli-Palestinian crisis, the interview took place in the wake of the events of October 7 and therefore those events are a big part of the conversation. But as this conversation hopefully makes clear, Bartov's book and analysis are even more important and relevant in our current moment.Learn more about an purchase “Genocide, the Holocuast, and Israel-Palestine: First-Person History in Times of Crisis”Reading recommendations from Omer Bartov:“Gate of the Sun” and “Children of the Ghetto” by Elias Khoury“Khirbet Khizeh” by S. Yizhar“Facing the Forests” A. B. Yehoshua“Return to Haifa” by Ghassan KanafanlLearn more about the Watson Institute's other podcastsTranscript coming soon to our website

Last year, President Biden signed the Inflation Reduction Act into law. Considered by many to be the biggest climate and energy bill ever passed, the IRA included roughly $370 billion to help shift the U.S. to cleaner forms of power. And it was just one of three laws passed by the administration that will play into the United States' move away from fossil fuels. The impact of these policies, however, will go far beyond our climate. Indeed, they form the core of “Bidenomics,” and they're going to reshape our economy and our politics for decades to come. They will do so in ways we can predict, and in ways we can't. On this episode, Dan Richards speaks with two experts on the politics of climate change about this unprecedented collection of legislation and how it will transform our economy, change our planet and possibly realign our politics. Guests on this episode:Jeff Colgan is a political scientist, and ​​director of the Climate Solutions Lab at the Watson Institute. Robinson Meyer is a contributing opinion writer at The New York Times and the founding executive editor of Heatmap, a new media company focused on climate change. Hear from Robinson Meyer and many others about all things climate change at Heatmap NewsGet 50% off your first year subscription to Heatmap using the code BROWN50 Read Jeff Colgan's October 2023 Op-Ed in the New York TimesWatch Robinson's talk in October at the Watson Institute's Climate Solutions LabLearn more about the Climate Solutions LabLearn more about the Watson Institute's other podcasts

In 1982, Mumia Abu-Jamal was sentenced to death for the murder of a Philadelphia police officer. An ex-Black Panther, he had no prior criminal record. Amnesty International investigated his case and found in many ways that it "failed to meet minimum international standards.” He's been incarcerated for more than 40 years.Over those decades, Abu-Jamal has become a leader of the anti-death penalty movement and an influential critic of mass incarceration. He's written multiple books, and appeared on countless radio programs and documentaries — all while serving what is now a life sentence. This fall, scholars and activists met at Brown to mark a new chapter in Abu-Jamal's story. The John Hay Library at Brown University, in partnership with Brown's Pembroke Center for Teaching and Research on Women, and the Simmons Center for the Study of Slavery and Justice, acquired Abu-Jamal's writings — 97 boxes — and opened them to the public. On this episode: Dan Richards talks with two Brown archivists about this new collection, and what it's like preserving the work of one of the most famous incarcerated people in America. Dan also speaks with a scholar at Brown who is working to collect the histories of incarcerated people about the importance of filling this gap in our nation's historical record. Watch the opening remarks of the "Voices of Mass Incarceration" symposium' Read more about the collection of Mumia Abu-Jamal's archivesTranscript coming soon to our websiteLearn about the Watson Institute's other podcastsGuests on this episode:Amanda Strauss – Associate University Librarian for Special Collections and Director of the John Hay LibraryChristopher West – Curator of the Black Diaspora, Brown UniversityNicole Gonzalez Van Cleve – Associate Professor of Sociology, Brown University

One day in the year 2000, in the midst of the Second Congo War, Honoria* fled her home in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and never returned. After 16 years in a refugee camp in Uganda, she relocated to Philadelphia, where she became one of the roughly 80,000 refugees who entered the U.S. that year. Honoria's family was one of the dozens that Blair Sackett, a sociologist and postdoctoral fellow at the Watson Institute, followed as they navigated life in the U.S. Sackett, whose work focuses on the experience of refugees in the U.S. and abroad, wanted to understand why some refugees thrived in the U.S. while others faltered. The result of Sackett's research is a new book, co-authored with sociologist Annette Lareau, called “We Thought It Would Be Heaven: Refugees in an Unequal America.” On this episode, Dan Richards talks with Sackett about the book, and about the under-explored factors that play a surprisingly large role in the wellbeing and success of refugees in the U.S. Learn more about and purchase “We Thought It Would be Heaven”Learn more about the Watson Institute's other podcastsTranscript coming soon to our website.*All names of displaced persons in this episode, and in "We Thought It Would Be Heaven," are pseudonyms.

Imagine if, when you were in middle school, an Ivy League professor came to your school and told you that you were going to be part of an experiment. You were going to get to decide how the money in your school was spent. What would you want to spend it on? How would you convince your classmates that your idea was best? Furthermore, would you even believe what this professor was telling you? Jonathan Collins is a professor of political science at the Watson Institute, and has recently been turning this hypothetical into a reality for students in the Providence area. He's been helping to design and evaluate what are known as participatory budgeting projects, and they're not just for students. In towns and cities around the world, everyday people are being let into the budgeting process of their communities. The effects have been profound, both on the local budgets, and on communities that have long felt marginalized and disempowered. "There's just something magical that can happen when there's skin in [the] game…the moment that you give them an opportunity to feel that they are a part of the stakes? I think the possibilities are endless," explained Collins. On this episode Dan Richards talks with Jonathan about participatory budgeting — where it came from, what it looks like on the ground, and how it might help strengthen our democracy, one community at a time. Learn more about the Watson Institute's other podcastsLearn more about participatory budgeting in Rhode IslandLearned about PAVED, Browns democratic innovation research initiativeTranscript coming soon to our websitePhoto credit: Nick Dentamaro

This summer, military forces in the West African country of Niger pushed the country's president, Mohamed Bazoum, out of power.This was not the first coup in Niger's history, or in the recent history of the Sahel region of Africa. In the last few years there have been coups in multiple countries in the region, including Burkina Faso and Mali. But this one has put the West especially on edge. Why?Listening to U.S. officials or much of the reporting on the topic, you'd think this coup has huge ramifications for the fight against Islamist militant groups in West Africa, and for the U.S. and Russia's race to gain influence across Africa. But as Stephanie Savell, an expert on U.S.-Niger relations and a co-director of the Costs of War Project at the Watson Institute, explains, those framings of the coup largely miss what's really going on in the region. And worse still — they might actually make it more difficult to bring peace and stability to this part of the world. Read more from Stephanie Savell on the coup in NigerTranscript coming soon to our websiteLearn more about the Costs of War projectLearn more about the Watson Institute's other podcasts

On August 23, at least 5 GOP hopefuls for the party's presidential nomination will take to the stage in Milwaukee for their first primary debate. In other words, the 2024 election is about to get real.In this episode, Dan Richards talks with Wendy Schiller, professor of political science at Brown University and director of the Watson Institute's Taubman Center for American Politics and Policy, about where the race stands now, and what to expect in the coming months. They discuss why efforts to unseat Trump as the Republican frontrunner seem destined to backfire, and what it means for our country that a historically high percentage of American voters want neither Trump nor Biden to be president in 2024. In the second half of the show, Dan speaks with Othniel Harris, program manager of the Taubman Center, about a disturbing trend in U.S. politics that could have major implications for 2024 and beyond: the rash of restrictive voting laws passed in recent years in swing states around the country. Learn more about the Taubman Center research project “Democracy's Price Tag”Learn more about other podcasts from the Watson InstituteTranscript coming soon to our website

In the last year, programs like ChatGPT, Dall-E and Bard have shown the world just how powerful artificial intelligence can be. AI programs can write hit pop songs, pass the bar exam and even appear to develop meaningful relationships with humans. This apparent revolution in AI tech has provoked widespread awe, amazement — and for some, terror. But as Brown Professor of Data Science and Computer Science Suresh Venkatasubramanian explains on this episode of Trending Globally, artificial intelligence has been with us for a while, and a serious, nuanced conversation about its role in our society is long overdue. Suresh Venkatasubramanian is the Deputy Director of Brown's Data Science Institute. This past year, he served in the Biden Administration's Office of Science and Technology Policy, where he helped craft the administration's blueprint for an “AI Bill Rights.” In this episode of Trending Globally, Dan Richards talks with Suresh about what an AI Bill of Rights should look like and how to build a future where artificial intelligence isn't just safe and effective, but actively contributes to social justice. Read the blueprint for the AI Bill of RightsLearn more about Brown's Data Science InstituteLearn more about the Watson Institute's other podcastsTranscript coming soon to our website

In May, Nigerian political veteran Bola Tinubu was sworn in as president of the country. The outcome was predictable, but that doesn't mean there were no surprises in this year's election. The biggest, perhaps, was the national rise of progressive politician Peter Obi. Obi galvanized young people around issues of government accountability, transparency, and generational change. In the process, he came closer to winning the presidency than any third-party candidate has in Nigeria's modern history.What to make of Obi's unexpected performance in this year's election? And what does it mean for the future of Nigeria, a country of some 220 million people that, by many estimates, will surpass the US as the world's third most populous country in the coming decades? Daniel Jordan Smith is the director of the Watson Institute's Africa Initiative, and as he explains, there's one realm where many of the issues Obi ran on come to a head, and that can teach us a lot about the country's future: its infrastructure. Smith's newest book, “Every Household Its Own Government: Improvised Infrastructure, Entrepreneurial Citizens, and the State in Nigeria” explores why Africa's most populous, economically powerful country fails so many of its citizens when it comes to providing basic services like water and electricity. He also explores the creative ways that citizens work around these shortcomings and how the government still makes itself, as Smith puts it, “present in its absence.”Learn more about and purchase “Every Household Its Own Government”Learn more about the Watson Institute's other podcastsTranscript coming soon to our website

On May 14, 2023, Turkey's President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan faced the most challenging test of his political career from a multi-party coalition led by social democrat and reformer Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu. The diverse coalition Kılıçdaroğlu represents, known as the Table of Six, is united by one cause: removing Erdogan from power and ending the country's authoritarian turn. The challengers were optimistic, given the multiple crises facing Turkey that Erdogan has struggled to manage: rampant inflation, mass migration of refugees from the Syrian Civil War, and last February's devastating earthquake. Despite these challenges, Erdogan did better than many expected and pushed the election to a runoff, which is set to be held on May 28. At stake, according to Kılıçdaroğlu and his supporters, is nothing less than democracy itself in Turkey. On this episode, Dan Richards and Center for Middle East Studies postdoctoral scholar Fulya Pinar speak with experts on the ground in Turkey about the stakes of this election and why the race is so incredibly close. They also explore how anti-immigrant politics is driving many Turkish voters in a way it never before has, with ramifications that will extend far beyond this election. Learn more about Fulya Pinar's research on the experience of undocumented immigrants in Turkey Guests on this episode: Mert Moral, assistant professor of political science at Sabanci University.Ali Fisunoglu, assistant professor of political science at St. Luis UniversityDeniz Sert, professor of political science at Ozyegin University.Learn more about other podcasts from the Watson InstituteTranscript coming soon to our website

This Spring, visiting professor at the Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs' China Initiative Lyle Goldstein made his first trip to China in five years. He met with military strategists, government officials and scholars to try to better understand China-Russia relations in the wake of the war in Ukraine. He left more concerned about another part of the world just 100 miles off the coast of China—Taiwan. As he described the current tension between China, Taiwan, and the U.S. to Dan Richards on this episode of Trending Globally, “This case, in my view, is extremely dangerous. I would argue that [it's] the most dangerous flashpoint in the world, by a good margin.”On this episode – our third in our “Escalation” series – you'll hear from Goldstein about why Taiwan has become a global flashpoint. It's not the first time a potential crisis in Taiwan has caused alarm, but as he explains, this time is different – it's much more dangerous. Listen to the other two episodes on our “Escalation” series here and here.Learn more about Watson's China Initiative Learn more about the Watson Institute's other podcasts Transcript coming soon to our website

You've seen it in the headlines, and maybe you've felt it in your own life: over the last few years, cyber attacks have become more frequent and more damaging. They can also vary widely in nature, ranging from minor nuisances to national security crises.Is there anything we can do to secure ourselves – as individuals, and as a society – from these attacks? Is there any way to get ahead of the problem, given the dizzying speed of change in our digital technology? According to our two guests on this episode of Trending Globally, to answer these questions, you need to ask some much deeper questions about the role of technology in society and the relationship between governments, businesses, and individuals. Congressman Jim Langevin represented Rhode Island in the House of Representatives from 2001 until 2023. Chris Inglis served as cyber director for the Biden Administration from 2021 until this past February and as deputy director of the NSA from 2006 until 2014. In this episode, you'll hear from Chris and Jim about the future of cybersecurity, and why it's so much more than just a technological problem. This spring, Jim Langevin is leading a study group at the Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs on the issue of cybersecurity. He recently brought Chris Inglis to campus to discuss their work together, including helping to create the Biden Administration's National Cyber Strategy, which was released in March of this year. Read a summary of the Biden Administration's National Cyber StrategyLearn more about the Cyber Solarium Commission Learn more about other podcasts from the Watson InstituteTranscript coming soon to our website