Podcasts about sub saharan africa

Billions of people do not have access to medicines that could save their lives. The Med Aditis Foundation is a non-profit organization that builds partnerships to improve access to high-quality medicines. On this episode, we talk with Bob Blouin, President and CEO of the Med Aditis Foundation.

Today's HeadlinesWhat stands between the DRC and peace? Many factorsHardship and hope: a ministry update from IsraelHow Bible translation changes lives in the MENA

Expert TopicLoyalty programmes offer relief as cost-of-living pressures mount Guest: Andrew Leighton, Consumer Insights Leader for Sub Saharan Africa at NIQ

The off-grid electric systems provide power for medical lights, fetal monitors, and other devices – helping more women give birth safely. Learn more at https://www.yaleclimateconnections.org/ 

Surgeon Noonan is a registered charity run voluntarily by 4th year medical students from University College Cork, Ireland. Each year, our goal is to raise over €150,000, which goes directly towards underfunded rural hospitals in Sub-Saharan Africa. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In this episode of In-Ear Insights, the Trust Insights podcast, Katie and Chris discuss the stark reality of the future of work presented at the Marketing AI Conference, MAICON 2025. You’ll learn which roles artificial intelligence will consume fastest and why average employees face the highest risk of replacement. You’ll master the critical thinking and contextual skills you must develop now to transform yourself into an indispensable expert. You’ll understand how expanding your intellectual curiosity outside your specific job will unlock creative problem solving essential for survival. You’ll discover the massive global AI blind spot that US companies ignore and how this shifting landscape affects your career trajectory. Watch now to prepare your career for the age of accelerated automation! Watch the video here: Can’t see anything? Watch it on YouTube here. Listen to the audio here: https://traffic.libsyn.com/inearinsights/tipodcast-maicon-2025-generative-ai-for-marketers.mp3 Download the MP3 audio here. Need help with your company’s data and analytics? Let us know! Join our free Slack group for marketers interested in analytics! [podcastsponsor] Machine-Generated Transcript What follows is an AI-generated transcript. The transcript may contain errors and is not a substitute for listening to the episode. Christopher S. Penn – 00:00 In this week’s In Ear Insights, we are at the Marketing AI Conference, Macon 2025 in Cleveland with 1,500 of our best friends. This morning, the CEO of SmartRx, formerly the Marketing AI Institute, Paul Ritzer, was talking about the future of work. Now, before I go down a long rabbit hole, Dave, what was your immediate impressions, takeaways from Paul’s talk? Katie Robbert – 00:23 Paul always brings this really interesting perspective because he’s very much a futurist, much like yourself, but he’s a futurist in a different way. Whereas you’re on the future of the technology, he’s focused on the future of the business and the people. And so his perspective was really, “AI is going to take your job.” If we had to underscore it, that was the bottom line: AI is going to take your job. However, how can you be smarter about it? How can you work with it instead of working against it? Obviously, he didn’t have time to get into every single individual solution. Katie Robbert – 01:01 The goal of his keynote talk was to get us all thinking, “Oh, so if AI is going to take my job, how do I work with AI versus just continuing to fight against it so that I’m never going to get ahead?” I thought that was a really interesting way to introduce the conference as a whole, where every individual session is going to get into their soldiers. Christopher S. Penn – 01:24 The chart that really surprised me was one of those, “Oh, he actually said the quiet part out loud.” He showed the SaaS business chart: SaaS software is $500 billion of economic value. Of course, AI companies are going, “Yeah, we want that money. We want to take all that money.” But then he brought up the labor chart, which is $12 trillion of money, and says, “This is what the AI companies really want. They want to take all $12 trillion and keep it for themselves and fire everybody,” which is the quiet part out loud. Even if they take 20% of that, that’s still, obviously, what is it, $2 trillion, give or take? When we think about what that means for human beings, that’s basically saying, “I want 20% of the workforce to be unemployed.” Katie Robbert – 02:15 And he wasn’t shy about saying that. Unfortunately, that is the message that a lot of the larger companies are promoting right now. So the question then becomes, what does that mean for that 20%? They have to pivot. They have to learn new skills, or—the big thing, and you and I have talked about this quite a bit this year—is you really have to tap into that critical thinking. That was one of the messages that Paul was sharing in the keynote: go to school, get your liberal art degree, and focus on critical thinking. AI is going to do the rest of it. Katie Robbert – 02:46 So when we look at the roles that are up for grabs, a lot of it was in management, a lot of it was in customer service, a lot of it was in analytics—things that already have a lot of automation around them. So why not naturally let agentic AI take over, and then you don’t need human intervention at all? So then, where does that leave the human? Katie Robbert – 03:08 We’re the ones who have to think what’s next. One of the things that Paul did share was that the screenwriter for all of the Scorsese films was saying that ChatGPT gave me better ideas. We don’t know what those exact prompts looked like. We don’t know how much context was given. We don’t know how much background information. But if that was sue and I, his name was Paul. Paul Schrader. Yes, I forgot it for a second. If Paul Schrader can look at Paul Schrader’s work, then he’s the expert. That’s the thing that I think needed to also be underscored: Paul Schrader is the expert in Paul Schrader. Paul Schrader is the expert in screenwriting those particular genre films. Nobody else can do that. Katie Robbert – 03:52 So Paul Schrader is the only one who could have created the contextual information for those large language models. He still has value, and he’s the one who’s going to take the ideas given by the large language models and turn them into something. The large language model might give him an idea, but he needs to be the one to flush it out, start to finish, because he’s the one who understands nuance. He’s the one who understands, “If I give this to a Leonardo DiCaprio, what is he gonna do with the role? How is he gonna think about it?” Because then you’re starting to get into all of the different complexities where no one individual ever truly works alone. You have a lot of other humans. Katie Robbert – 04:29 I think that’s the part that we haven’t quite gotten to, is sure, generative AI can give you a lot of information, give you a lot of ideas, and do a lot of the work. But when you start incorporating more humans into a team, the nuance—it’s very discreet. It’s very hard for an AI to pick up. You still need humans to do those pieces. Christopher S. Penn – 04:49 When you take a look, though, at something like the Tilly Norwood thing from a couple weeks ago, even there, it’s saying, “Let’s take fewer humans in there,” where you have this completely machine generated actor avatar, I guess. It was very clearly made to replace a human there because they’re saying, “This is great. They don’t have to pay union wages. The actor never calls in sick. The actor never takes a vacation. The actor’s not going to be partying at a club unless someone makes it do that.” When we look at that big chart of, “Here’s all the jobs that are up for grabs,” the $12 trillion of economic value, when you look at that, how at risk do you think your average person is? Katie Robbert – 05:39 The key word in there is average. An average person is at risk. Because if an average person isn’t thinking about things creatively, or if they’re just saying, “Oh, this is what I have to do today, let me just do it. Let me just do the bare minimum, get through it.” Yes, that person is at risk. But someone who looks at a problem or a task that’s in front of them and thinks, “What are the five different ways that I could approach this? Let me sit down for a second, really plan it out. What am I not thinking of? What have I not asked? What’s the information I don’t have in front of me? Let me go find that”—that person is less at risk because they are able to think beyond what’s right in front of them. Katie Robbert – 06:17 I think that is going to be harder to replace. So, for example, I do operations, I’m a CEO. I set the vision. You could theoretically give that to an AI to do. I could create CEO Katie GPT. And GPT Katie could set the vision, based on everything I know: “This is the direction that your company should go in.” What that generative AI doesn’t know is what I know—what we’ve tried, what we haven’t tried. I could give it all that information and it could still say, “Okay, it sounds like you’ve tried this.” But then it doesn’t necessarily know conversations that I’ve had with you offline about certain things. Could I give it all that information? Sure. But then now I’m introducing another person into the conversation. And as predictable as humans are, we’re unpredictable. Katie Robbert – 07:13 So you might say, “Katie would absolutely say this to something.” And I’m going to look at it and go, “I would absolutely not say that.” We’ve actually run into that with our account manager where she’s like, “Well, this is how I thought you would respond. This is how I thought you would post something on social media.” I’m like, “Absolutely not. That doesn’t sound like me at all.” She’s like, “But that’s what the GPT gave me that is supposed to sound like you.” I’m like, “Well, it’s wrong because I’m allowed to change my mind. I’m a human.” And GPTs or large language models don’t have that luxury of just changing its mind and just kind of winging it, if that makes sense. Christopher S. Penn – 07:44 It does. What percentage, based on your experience in managing people, what percentage of people are that exceptional person versus the average or the below average? Katie Robbert – 07:55 A small percentage, unfortunately, because it comes down to two things: consistency and motivation. First, you have to be consistent and do your thing well all the time. In order to be consistent, you have to be motivated. So it’s not enough to just show up, check the boxes, and then go about your day, because anybody can do that; AI can do that. You have to be motivated to want to learn more, to want to do more. So the people who are demonstrating a hunger for reaching—what do they call it?—punching above their weight, reaching beyond what they have, those are the people who are going to be less vulnerable because they’re willing to learn, they’re willing to adapt, they’re willing to be agile. Christopher S. Penn – 08:37 For a while now we’ve been saying that either you’re going to manage the machines or the machines are going to manage you. And now of course we are at the point the machine is just going to manage the machines and you are replaced. Given so few people have that intrinsic motivation, is that teachable or is that something that someone has to have—that inner desire to want to better, regardless of training? Katie Robbert – 09:08 “Teachable” I think is the wrong word. It’s more something that you have to tap into with someone. This is something that you’ve talked about before: what motivates people—money, security, blah, blah, whatever, all those different things. You can say, “I’m going to motivate you by dangling money in front of you,” or, “I’m going to motivate you by dangling time off in front of you.” I’m not teaching you anything. I’m just tapping into who you are as a person by understanding your motives, what motivates you, what gets you excited. I feel fairly confident in saying that your motivations, Chris, are to be the smartest person in the room or to have the most knowledge about your given industry so that you can be considered an expert. Katie Robbert – 09:58 That’s something that you’re going to continue to strive for. That’s what motivates you, in addition to financial security, in addition to securing a good home life for your family. That’s what motivates you. So as I, the other human in the company, think about it, I’m like, “What is going to motivate Chris to get his stuff done?” Okay, can I position it as, “If you do this, you’re going to be the smartest person in the room,” or, “If you do this, you’re going to have financial security?” And you’re like, “Oh, great, those are things I care about. Great, now I’m motivated to do them.” Versus if I say, “If you do this, I’ll get off your back.” That’s not enough motivation because you’re like, “Well, you’re going to be on my back anyway.” Katie Robbert – 10:38 Why bother with this thing when it’s just going to be the next thing the next day? So it’s not a matter of teaching people to be motivated. It’s a matter of, if you’re the person who has to do the motivating, finding what motivates someone. And that’s a very human thing. That’s as old as humans are—finding what people are passionate about, what gets them out of bed in the morning. Christopher S. Penn – 11:05 Which is a complex interplay. If you think about the last five years, we’ve had a lot of discussions about things like quiet quitting, where people show up to work to do the bare minimum, where workers have recognized companies don’t have their back at all. Katie Robbert – 11:19 We have culture and pizza on Fridays. Christopher S. Penn – 11:23 At 5:00 PM when everyone wants to just— Katie Robbert – 11:25 Go home and float in that day. Christopher S. Penn – 11:26 Exactly. Given that, does that accelerate the replacement of those workers? Katie Robbert – 11:37 When we talk about change management, we talk about down to the individual level. You have to be explaining to each and every individual, “What’s in it for me?” If you’re working for a company that’s like, “Well, what’s in it for you is free pizza Fridays and funny hack days and Hawaiian shirt day,” that doesn’t put money in their bank account. That doesn’t put a roof over their head; that doesn’t put food on their table, maybe unless they bring home one of the free pizzas. But that’s once a week. What about the other six days a week? That’s not enough motivation for someone to stay. I’ve been in that position, you’ve been in that position. My first thought is, “Well, maybe stop spending money on free pizza and pay me more.” Katie Robbert – 12:19 That would motivate me, that would make me feel valued. If you said, “You can go buy your own pizza because now you can afford it,” that’s a motivator. But companies aren’t thinking about it that way. They’re looking at employees as just expendable cogs that they can rip and replace. Twenty other people would be happy to do the job that you’re unhappy doing. That’s true, but that’s because companies are setting up people to fail, not to succeed. Christopher S. Penn – 12:46 And now with machinery, you’re saying, “Okay, since there’s a failing cog anyway, why don’t we replace it with an actual cog instead?” So where does this lead for companies? Particularly in capitalist markets where there is no strong social welfare net? Yeah, obviously if you go to France, you can work a 30-hour week and be just fine. But we don’t live in France. France, if you’re hiring, we’re available. Where does it lead? Because I can definitely see one road where this leads to basically where France ended up in 1789, which is the Guillotines. These people trot out the Guillotines because after a certain point, income inequality leads to that stuff. Where does this lead for the market as you see it now? Katie Robbert – 13:39 Unfortunately, nowhere good. We have seen time and time again, as much as we want to see the best in people, we’re seeing the worst in people today, as of this podcast recording—not at Macon. These are some of the best people. But when you step outside of this bubble, you’re seeing the worst in people. They’re motivated by money and money only, money and power. They don’t care about humanity as a whole. They’re like, “I don’t care if you’re poor, get poorer, I’m getting richer.” I feel like, unfortunately, that is the message that is being sent. “If you can make a dollar, go ahead and make a dollar. Don’t worry about what that does to anybody else. Go ahead and be in it for yourself.” Katie Robbert – 14:24 And that’s unfortunately where I see a lot of companies going: we’re just in it to make money. We no longer care about the welfare of our people. I’ve talked on previous shows, on previous podcasts. My husband works for a grocery store that was bought out by Amazon a few years ago, and he’s seeing the effects of that daily. Amazon bought this grocery chain and said basically, “We don’t actually care about the people. We’re going to automate things. We’re going to introduce artificial intelligence.” They’ve gotten rid of HR. He still has to bring home a physical check because there is no one to give him paperwork to do direct deposit. Christopher S. Penn – 15:06 He’s been—ironic given the company. Katie Robbert – 15:08 And he’s been at the company for 25 years. But when they change things over, if he has an assurance question, there’s no one to go to. They probably have chatbots and an email distribution list that goes to somebody in an inbox that never. It’s so sad to see the decline based on where the company started and what the mission originally was of that company to where it is today. His suspicion—and this is not confirmed—his suspicion is that they are gearing up to sell this business, this grocery chain, to another grocery chain for profit and get rid of it. Flipping it, basically. Right now, they’re using it as a distribution center, which is not what it’s meant to be. Katie Robbert – 15:56 And now they’re going to flip it to another grocery store chain because they’ve gotten what they needed from it. Who cares about the people? Who cares about the fact that he as an individual has to work 50 hours a week because there’s nobody else? They’ve flattened the company. They’re like, “No, based on our AI scheduler, there’s plenty of people to cover all of these hours seven days a week.” And he’s like, “Yeah, you have me on there for seven of the seven days.” Because the AI is not thinking about work-life balance. It’s like, “Well, this individual is available at these times, so therefore he must be working here.” And it’s not going to do good things for people in services industries, for people in roles that cannot be automated. Katie Robbert – 16:41 So we talk about customer service—that’s picking up the phone, logging a plate—that can be automated. Walking into a brick and mortar, there are absolutely parts of it that can be automated, specifically the end purchase transaction. But the actual ordering and picking of things and preparing it—sure, you could argue that eventually robots could be doing that, but as of today, that’s all humans. And those humans are being treated so poorly. Christopher S. Penn – 17:08 So where does that end for this particular company or any large enterprise? Katie Robbert – 17:14 They really have—they have to make decisions: do they want to put the money first or the people first? And you already know what the answer to that is. That’s really what it comes down to. When it ends, it doesn’t end. Even if they get sold, they’re always going to put the money first. If they have massive turnover, what do they care? They’re going to find somebody else who’s willing to do that work. Think about all of those people who were just laid off from the white-collar jobs who are like, “Oh crap, I still have a mortgage I have to pay, I still have a family I have to feed. Let me go get one of those jobs that nobody else is now willing to do.” Katie Robbert – 17:51 I feel like that’s the way that the future of work for those people who are left behind is going to turn over. Katie Robbert – 17:59 There’s a lot of people who are happy doing those jobs. I love doing more of what’s considered the blue-collar job—doing things manually, getting their hands in it, versus automating everything. But that’s me personally; that’s what motivates me. That I would imagine is very unappealing to you. Not that for almost. But if cooking’s off the table, there’s a lot of other things that you could do, but would you do them? Katie Robbert – 18:29 So when we talk about what’s going to happen to those people who are cut and left behind, those are the choices they’re going to have to make because there’s not going to be more tech jobs for them to choose from. And if you are someone in your career who has only ever focused on one thing, you’re definitely in big trouble. Christopher S. Penn – 18:47 Yeah, I have a friend who’s a lawyer at a nonprofit, and they’re like, “Yeah, we have no funding anymore, so.” But I can’t pick up and go to England because I can’t practice law there. Katie Robbert – 18:59 Right. I think about people. Forever, social media was it. You focus on social media and you are set. Anybody will hire you because they’re trying to learn how to master social media. Guess where there’s no jobs anymore? Social media. So if all you know is social media and you haven’t diversified your skill set, you’re cooked, you’re done. You’re going to have to start at ground zero entry level. If there’s that. And that’s the thing that’s going to be tough because entry-level jobs—exactly. Christopher S. Penn – 19:34 We saw, what was it, the National Labor Relations Board publish something a couple months ago saying that the unemployment rate for new college graduates is something 60% higher than the rest of the workforce because all the entry-level jobs have been consumed. Katie Robbert – 19:46 Right. I did a talk earlier this year at WPI—that’s Worcester Polytech in Massachusetts—through the Women in Data Science organization. We were answering questions basically like this about the future of work for AI. At a technical college, there are a lot of people who are studying engineering, there are a lot of people who are studying software development. That was one of the first questions: “I’m about to get my engineering degree, I’m about to get my software development degree. What am I supposed to do?” My response to that is, you still need to understand how the thing works. We were talking about this in our AI for Analytics workshop yesterday that we gave here at Macon. In order to do coding in generative AI effectively, you have to understand the software development life cycle. Katie Robbert – 20:39 There is still a need for the expertise. People are asking, “What do I do?” Focus on becoming an expert. Focus on really mastering the thing that you’re passionate about, the thing that you want to learn about. You’ll be the one teaching the AI, setting up the AI, consulting with the people who are setting up the AI. There’ll be plenty of practitioners who can push the buttons and set up agents, but they still need the experts to tell them what it’s supposed to do and what the output’s supposed to be. Christopher S. Penn – 21:06 Do you see—this is kind of a trick question—do you see the machines consuming that expertise? Katie Robbert – 21:15 Oh, sure. But this is where we go back to what we were talking about: the more people, the more group think—which I hate that term—but the more group think you introduce, the more nuanced it is. When you and I sit down, for example, when we actually have five minutes to sit down and talk about the future of our business, where we want to go or what we’re working on today, the amount of information we can iterate on because we know each other so well and almost don’t have to speak in complete sentences and just can sort of pick up what the other person is thinking. Or I can look at something you’re writing and say, “Hey, I had an idea about that.” We can do that as humans because we know each other so well. Katie Robbert – 21:58 I don’t think—and you’re going to tell me this is going to happen—unless we can actually plug or forge into our brains and download all of the things. That’s never going to happen. Even if we build Katie GPT and Chris GPT and have them talk to each other, they’re never going to brainstorm the way you and I brainstorm in real life. Especially if you give me a whiteboard. I’m good. I’m going to get so much done. Christopher S. Penn – 22:25 For people who are in their career right now, what do they do? You can tell somebody, “You need to be a good critical thinker, a creative thinker, a contextual thinker. You need to know where your data lives and things like that.” But the technology is advancing at such a fast rate. I talk about this in the workshops that we do—which, by the way, Trust Insights is offering workshops at your company, if we like one. But one of the things to talk about is, say, with the model’s acceleration in terms of growth, they’re growing faster than any technology ever has. They went from face rolling idiot in 2023 right to above PhD level in everything two years later. Christopher S. Penn – 23:13 So the people who, in their career, are looking at this, going, “It’s like a bad Stephen King movie where you see the thing coming across the horizon.” Katie Robbert – 23:22 There is no such thing as a bad Stephen King movie. Sometimes the book is better, but it’s still good. But yes, maybe *Creepshow*. What do you mean in terms of how do they prepare for the inevitable? Christopher S. Penn – 23:44 Prepare for the inevitable. Because to tell somebody, “Yeah, be a critical thinker, be a contextual thinker, be a creative thinker”—that’s good in the abstract. But then you’re like, “Well, my—yeah, my—and my boss says we’re doing a 10% headcount reduction this week.” Katie Robbert – 24:02 This is my personal way of approaching it: you can’t limit yourself to just go, “Okay, think about it. Okay, I’m thinking.” You actually have to educate yourself on a variety of different things. I am a voracious reader. I read all the time when I’m not working. In the past three weeks, I’ve read four books. And they’re not business books; they are fiction books and on a variety of things. But what that does is it keeps my brain active. It keeps my brain thinking. Then I give myself the space and time. When I walk my dog, I sort of process all of it. I think about it, and then I start thinking about, “What are we doing as our company today?” or, “What’s on the task list?” Katie Robbert – 24:50 Because I’ve expanded my personal horizons beyond what’s right in front of me, I can think about it from the perspective of other people, fictional or otherwise, “How would this person approach it?” or, “What would I do in that scenario?” Even as I’m reading these books, I start to think about myself. I’m like, “What would I do in that scenario? What would I do if I was finding myself on a road trip with a cannibal who, at the end of the road trip, was likely going to consume all of me, including my bones?” It was the last book I read, and it was definitely not what I thought I was signing up for. But you start to put yourself in those scenarios. Katie Robbert – 25:32 That’s what I personally think unlocks the critical thinking, because you’re not just stuck in, “Okay, I have a math problem. I have 1 + 1.” That’s where a lot of people think critical thinking starts and ends. They think, “Well, if I can solve that problem, I’m a critical thinker.” No, there’s only one way to solve that problem. That’s it. I personally would encourage people to expand their horizons, and this comes through having hobbies. You like to say that you work 24/7. That’s not true. You have hobbies, but they’re hobbies that help you be creative. They’re hobbies that help you connect with other people so that you can have those shared experiences, but also learn from people from different cultures, different backgrounds, different experiences. Katie Robbert – 26:18 That’s what’s going to help you be a stronger, fitable thinker, because you’re not just thinking about it from your perspective. Christopher S. Penn – 26:25 Switching gears, what was missing, what’s been missing, and what is absent from this show in the AI space? I have an answer, but I want to hear yours. Katie Robbert – 26:36 Oh, boy. Really putting me on the spot here. I know what is missing. I don’t know. I’m going to think about it, and I am going to get back to you. As we all know, I am not someone who can think on my feet as quickly as you can. So I will take time, I will process it, but I will come back to you. What do you think is missing? Christopher S. Penn – 27:07 One of the things that is a giant blind spot in the AI space right now is it is a very Western-centric view. All the companies say OpenAI and Anthropic and Google and Meta and stuff like that. Yet when you look at the leaderboards online of whose models are topping the charts—Cling Wan, Alibaba, Quinn, Deepseek—these are all Chinese-made models. If you look at the chip sets being used, the government of China itself just issued an edict: “No more Nvidia chips. We are going to use Huawei Ascend 920s now,” which are very good at what they do. And the Chinese models themselves, these companies are just giving them away to the world. Christopher S. Penn – 27:54 They’re not trying to lock you in like a ChatGPT is. The premise for them, for basically the rest of the world that is in America, is, “Hey, you could take American AI where you’re locked in and you’re gonna spend more and more money, or here’s a Chinese model for free and you can build your national infrastructure on the free stuff that we’re gonna give you.” I’ve seen none of that here. That is completely absent from any of the discussions about what other nations are doing with AI. The EU has Mistral and Black Forest Labs, Sub-Saharan Africa has Lilapi AI. Singapore has Sea Lion, Korea has LG, the appliance maker, and their models. Of course, China has a massive footprint in the space. I don’t see that reflected anywhere here. Christopher S. Penn – 28:46 It’s not in the conversations, it’s not in the hallways, it’s not on stage. And to me, that is a really big blind spot if you think—as many people do—that that is your number one competitor on the world stage. Katie Robbert – 28:57 Why do you think? Christopher S. Penn – 29:01 That’s a very complicated question. But it involves racism, it involves a substantial language barrier, it involves economics. When your competitor is giving away everything for free, you’re like, “Well, let’s just pretend they’re not there because we don’t want to draw any attention to them.” And it is also a deep, deep-seated fear. When you look at all of the papers that are being submitted by Google and Facebook and all these other different companies and you look at the last names of the principal investigators and stuff, nine out of 10 times it’s a name that’s coded as an ethnic Chinese name. China produces more PhDs than I think America produces students, just by population dynamics alone. You have this massive competitor, and it almost feels like people just want to put their heads in the sand and say they’re not there. Christopher S. Penn – 30:02 It’s like the boogeyman, they’re not there. And yet if we’re talking about the deployment of AI globally, the folks here should be aware that is a thing that is not just the Sam Alton Show. Katie Robbert – 30:18 I think perhaps then, as we’re talking about the future of work and big companies, small companies, mid-sized companies, this goes sort of back to what I was saying: you need to expand your horizons of thinking. “Well, we’re a domestic company. Why do I need to worry about what China’s doing?” Take a look at your tech stack, and where are those software packages created? Who’s maintaining them? It’s probably not all domestic; it’s probably more of a global firm than you think you are. But we think about it in terms of who do we serve as customers, not what we are using internally. We know people like Paul has talked about operating systems, Ginny Dietrich has talked about operating systems. Katie Robbert – 31:02 That’s really sort of where you have to start thinking more globally in terms of, “What am I actually bringing into my organization?” Not just my customer base, not just the markets that I’m going after, not just my sales team territories, but what is actually powering my company. That’s, I think, to your point—that’s where you can start thinking more globally even if your customer base isn’t global. That might theoretically help you with that critical thinking to start expanding beyond your little homogeneous bubble. Christopher S. Penn – 31:35 Even something like this has been a topic in the news recently. Rare earth minerals, which are not rare, they’re actually very commonplace. There’s just not much of them in any one spot. But China is the only economy on the planet that has figured out how to industrialize them safely. They produce 85% of it on the planet. And that powers your smartphone, that powers your refrigerator, your car and, oh by the way, all of the AI chips. Even things like that affect the future of work and the future of AI because you basically have one place that has a monopoly on this. The same for the Netherlands. The Netherlands is the only country on the planet that produces a certain kind of machine that is used to create these chips for AI. Christopher S. Penn – 32:17 If that company goes away or something, the planet as a whole is like, “Well, I figured they need to come up with an alternative.” So to your point, we have a lot of these choke points in the AI value chain that could be blockers. Again, that’s not something that you hear. I’ve not heard that at any conference. Katie Robbert – 32:38 As we’re thinking about the future of work, which is what we’re talking about on today’s podcast at Macon, 1,500 people in Cleveland. I guarantee they’re going to do it again next year. So if you’re not here this year, definitely sign up for next year. Take a look at the Smarter X and their academy. It’s all good stuff, great people. I think—and this was the question Paul was asking in his keynote—”Where do we go from here?” The— Katie Robbert – 33:05 The atmosphere. Yes. We don’t need—we don’t need to start singing. I do not need. With more feeling. I do get that reference. You’re welcome. But one of the key takeaways is there are more questions than answers. You and I are asking each other questions, but there are more questions than answers. And if we think we have all of the answers, we’re wrong. We have the answers that are sufficient enough for today to keep our business moving forward. But we have to keep asking new questions. That also goes into that critical thinking. You need to be comfortable not knowing. You need to be comfortable asking questions, and you need to be comfortable doing that research and seeking it out and maybe getting it wrong, but then continuing to learn from it. Christopher S. Penn – 33:50 And the future of work, I mean, it really is a very cloudy crystal wall. We have no idea. One of the things that Paul pointed out really well was you have different scaling laws depending on where you are in AI. He could have definitely spent some more time on that, but I understand it was a keynote, not a deep dive. There’s more to that than even that. And they do compound each other, which is what’s creating this ridiculously fast pace of AI evolution. There’s at least one more on the way, which means that the ability for these tools to be superhuman across tasks is going to be here sooner than people think. Paul was saying by 2026, 2027, that’s what we’ll start to see. Robotics, depends on where you are. Christopher S. Penn – 34:41 What’s coming out of Chinese labs for robots is jaw dropping. Katie Robbert – 34:45 I don’t want to know. I don’t want to know. I’ve seen *Ex Machina*, and I don’t want to know. Yeah, no. To your point, I think a lot of people bury their head in the sand because of fear. But in order to, again, it sort of goes back to that critical thinking, you have to be comfortable with the uncomfortable. I’m sort of joking: “I don’t want to know. I’ve seen *Ex Machina*.” But I do want to know. I do need to know. I need to understand. Do I want to be the technologist? No. But I need to play with these tools enough that I feel I understand how they work. Yesterday I was playing in Opal. I’m going to play in N8N. Katie Robbert – 35:24 It’s not my primary function, but it helps me better understand where you’re coming from and the questions that our clients are asking. That, in a very simple way to me, is the future of work: that at least I’m willing to stretch myself and keep exploring and be uncomfortable so that I can say I’m not static. Christopher S. Penn – 35:46 I think one of the things that 3M was very well known for in the day was the 20% rule, where an employee, as part of their job, could have 20% of the time just work on side projects related to the company. That’s how Post-it Notes got invented, I think. I think in the AI forward era that we’re in, companies do need to make that commitment again to the 20% rule. Not necessarily just messing around, but specifically saying you should be spending 20% of your time with AI to figure out how to use it, to figure out how to do some of those tasks yourself, so that instead of being replaced by the machine, you’re the one who’s at least running the machine. Because if you don’t do that, then the person in the next cubicle will. Christopher S. Penn – 36:33 And then the company’s like, “Well, we used to have 10 people, we only need two. And you’re not one of the two who has figured out how to use this thing to do that. So out you go.” Katie Robbert – 36:41 I think that was what Paul was doing in his AI for Productivity workshop yesterday, was giving people the opportunity to come up with those creative ideas. Our friend Andy Crestadino was relaying a story yesterday to us of a very similar vein where someone was saying, “I’ll give you $5,000. Create whatever you want.” And the thing that the person created was so mind-blowing and so useful that he was like, “Look what happens when I just let people do something creative.” But if we bring it sort of back whole circle, what’s the motivation? Why are people doing it in the first place? Katie Robbert – 37:14 It has to be something that they’re passionate about, and that’s going to really be what drives the future of work in terms of being able to sustain while working alongside AI, versus, “This is all I know how to do. This is all I ever want to know how to do.” Yes, AI is going over your job. Christopher S. Penn – 37:33 So I guess wrapping up, we definitely want you thinking creatively, critically, contextually. Know where your data is, know where your ideas come from, broaden your horizons so that you have more ideas, and be able to be one of the people who knows how to call BS on the machines and say, “That’s completely wrong, ChatGPT.” Beyond that, everyone has an obligation to try to replace themselves with the machines before someone else does it to you. Katie Robbert – 38:09 I think again, to plug Macon, which is where we are as we’re recording this episode, this is a great starting point for expanding your horizons because the amount of people that you get to network with are from different companies, different experiences, different walks of life. You can go to the sessions, learn it from their point of view. You can listen to Paul’s keynote. If you think you already know everything about your job, you’re failing. Take the time to learn where other people are coming from. It may not be immediately relevant to you, but it could stick with you. Something may resonate, something might spark a new idea. Katie Robbert – 38:46 I feel like we’re pretty far along in our AI journey, but in sitting in Paul’s keynote, I had two things that stuck out to me: “Oh, that’s a great idea. I want to go do that.” That’s great. I wouldn’t have gotten that otherwise if I didn’t step out of my comfort zone and listen to someone else’s point of view. That’s really how people are going to grow, and that’s that critical thinking—getting those shared experiences and getting that brainstorming and just community. Christopher S. Penn – 39:12 Exactly. If you’ve got some thoughts about how you are approaching the future of work, pop on by our free Slack group. Go to trust insights AI analysts for marketers, where you and over 4,500 other marketers are asking and answering each other’s questions every single day. Wherever you watch or listen to the show, if there’s a channel you’d rather have it on instead, go to Trust Insights AI Ti Podcast, where you can find us all the places fine podcasts are served. Thanks for tuning in. I’ll talk to you on the next one. Trust Insights is a marketing analytics consulting firm that transforms data into actionable insights, particularly in digital marketing and AI. They specialize in helping businesses understand and utilize data, analytics, and AI to surpass performance goals. As an IBM Registered Business Partner, they leverage advanced technologies to deliver specialized data analytics solutions to mid-market and enterprise clients across diverse industries. Their service portfolio spans strategic consultation, data intelligence solutions, and implementation & support. Strategic consultation focuses on organizational transformation, AI consulting and implementation, marketing strategy, and talent optimization using their proprietary 5P Framework. Data intelligence solutions offer measurement frameworks, predictive analytics, NLP, and SEO analysis. Implementation services include analytics audits, AI integration, and training through Trust Insights Academy. Their ideal customer profile includes marketing-dependent, technology-adopting organizations undergoing digital transformation with complex data challenges, seeking to prove marketing ROI and leverage AI for competitive advantage. Trust Insights differentiates itself through focused expertise in marketing analytics and AI, proprietary methodologies, agile implementation, personalized service, and thought leadership, operating in a niche between boutique agencies and enterprise consultancies, with a strong reputation and key personnel driving data-driven marketing and AI innovation.

Policy Seminar | IFPRI Policy Seminar Tackling extreme poverty and financing for food systems in Africa Organized by IFPRI and partners on the margins of the IMF-World Bank Annual Meetings October 17, 2025 Join speakers from IFPRI, IFAD, UNU-WIDER and the World Bank for a high-level seminar exploring two major African priorities – poverty reduction and food systems transformation in sub-Saharan Africa. Speakers will highlight the need to make progress on reducing poverty in fragile and conflict-affected areas across the continent, and the need to examine how most effectively to finance food systems amidst declining external funding flows. An inaugural World Bank- UNU-WIDER report on poverty and fragility, being previewed at this seminar, indicates that Sub-Saharan Africa has become the epicenter of the poverty–fragility nexus, with some 70% of people in fragile and conflict affected areas now living in the region and half of the world's extreme poor projected to reside in fragile SSA states by 2030. The Africa Report on External Development Financial Flows to Food Systems, recently released by IFAD, AKADEMIYA2063, and IFPRI—analyzes the volume and composition of development finance directed toward African food systems, and implications of decreasing external flows, also for national financing strategies. This timely discussion will spotlight urgent financing needs and policy pathways to reduce poverty in the most vulnerable regions of Africa and strengthen food systems across the continent. It will also underscore the critical role of robust evidence and data-driven analysis in guiding effective financing strategies and policies —particularly as governments and development partners confront the dual pressures rising fragility and declining external flows. By grounding decisions in rigorous research, stakeholders can better align resources with impact and chart more resilient, equitable paths forward. Opening Remarks Luis Felipe López-Calva, Global Director, Poverty Global Department, World Bank Group Patricia Justino, Director Designate, United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER) Report Presentations Breaking the Fragility-Poverty Trap (World Bank Group, UNU WIDER) Maria Eugenia Genoni, Senior Economist, Poverty and Equity Global Practice, World Bank Africa Report – External Development Financial Flows to Food Systems (IFAD, AK2063 and IFPRI): Key Findings John Ulimwengu, Senior Research Fellow, IFPRI High-level Panel Kamal Gutale, Permanent Secretary for the Office of the Prime Minister of the Federal Government of Somalia Enilde Sarmento, Macroeconomist-Adviser, International Monetary Fund (IMF); member of Mozambique's delegation to the annual meetings; former National Director, Directorate of Economic Policies and Development, Ministry of Economy and Finance Diane Menville, Associate Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Financial Operations Department, International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) Ana María Ibáñez, Vice President for Sectors and Knowledge, Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) Johan Swinnen, Director General, IFPRI Moderator Charlotte Hebebrand, Director of Communications & Public Affairs, IFPRI More about this Event: https://www.ifpri.org/event/tackling-extreme-poverty-and-financing-for-food-systems-in-africa/ Subscribe IFPRI Insights newsletter and event announcements at www.ifpri.org/content/newsletter-subscription

Welcome to the Personal Development Trailblazers Podcast! In today's episode, we're helping leaders navigate change with confidence and thrive through every transition.Desmond Dodd coaches high-achieving professionals and entrepreneurs navigating big life, career, and geographic transitions—helping them thrive through change, not just survive it.Desmond's own diverse career brought dozens of his own job and leadership transitions, expatriations ,and repatriations, juggling growing professional roles and family responsibilities—learning firsthand that major transitions bring huge growth opportunities, if you don't just push through the overwhelm. Rather he learned how to use transitions as a springboard for deep self-exploration and understanding.Desmond's diverse and successful career began in international and financial journalism, working in cities like Washington, Hong Kong, and Bangkok. A passion for contributing to expanded opportunities worldwide led to international development consulting in Cairo and then nearly two decades leading marketing and communications with the International Finance Corporation (IFC), part of the World Bank Group, in East Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. He spent more than a decade living in Johannesburg. He continues to write and consult on issues around business and global society, including for the Harvard Business School.Along the way, Desmond took an adventurous detour: buying and running a wine farm in Argentina. In the process he earned a professional winemaking certification from UC Davis.More recently, Desmond was certified as a Jungian Life Coach through the International Coaching Federation-accredited Creative Mind University, Desmond now partners with entrepreneurs, senior leaders and other aspiring professionals with a growth mindset who are in transition to new roles or eager to challenge themselves by working with change, both planned and unexpected. His coaching approach focuses on deep self-understanding, tapping the unconscious mind, and seizing opportunities for transformative success and lasting fulfillment. He is open to helping clients around the globe who resonate with his experience and approach.Desmond went to college at Cornell University, and has graduate degrees from the London School of Economics and the School of Oriental and African Studies. He blends that traditional education with real-world experience and a coaching methodology based on Jungian psychology, modern neuroscience, and Eastern spirituality to guide clients toward their full potential.Desmond is the father of two adult children, and manages his consulting and coaching business from his office and home in Little Washington, Virginia, about 60 miles west of Big Washington, DC.Connect with Desmond Here: IG: @revision.depth.coachingSubstack: @desmonddepthcoachLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/desmond-dodd/Website: www.revisiondepthcoaching.comGrab the freebie here: Successful International Transitions: https://app.paperbell.com/checkout/packages/158511Pivot with Purpose: https://app.paperbell.com/checkout/packages/126882Persona test: https://app.paperbell.com/checkout/packages/170491 ===================================If you enjoyed this episode, remember to hit the like button and subscribe. Then share this episode with your friends.Thanks for watching the Personal Development Trailblazers Podcast. This podcast is part of the Digital Trailblazer family of podcasts. To learn more about Digital Trailblazer and what we do to help entrepreneurs, go to DigitalTrailblazer.com.Are you a coach, consultant, expert, or online course creator? Then we'd love to invite you to our FREE Facebook Group where you can learn the best strategies to land more high-ticket clients and customers. QUICK LINKS: APPLY TO BE FEATURED: https://app.digitaltrailblazer.com/podcast-guest-applicationDIGITAL TRAILBLAZER: https://digitaltrailblazer.com/

Preaching is never meant to stop at information - it is meant to produce transformation. That was the heart of Eric Lockhart's message, Preaching for Change and Obedience, delivered at the Expositors Collective training event in Kampala on 13 September 2024. With warmth and clarity, Eric urged preachers to stay rooted in the biblical text while pressing their listeners toward holiness and obedience through Spirit-empowered application.He reminded participants that the preacher's task is not to simply talk about the Bible but to faithfully declare what the Bible says. Using the image of a river, Eric explained that the power of preaching flows from the Holy Spirit working through the proclamation of Scripture. The goal is not to impress hearers with knowledge but to persuade them toward faithful action in response to God's Word.Eric also highlighted the necessity of application, both in the preacher's own life and in the lives of the audience. Biblical truth, he insisted, always demands a response. Application may be woven throughout a sermon or drawn out at the end, but it must be Christ-centred, specific, and actionable. In doing so, preaching helps believers become doers of the Word and not hearers only.Mr Eric Lockhart serves as Deputy Principal of Academic Affairs at Uganda Baptist Seminary. He holds an MDiv and ThM from Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary in North Carolina, and before moving to Uganda in 2018 with his wife and four boys, he pastored in the USA for fourteen years. At UBS, he lectures on Hermeneutics and Homiletics and continues to champion preaching that does more than inform - preaching that transforms.Mr. Eric Lockhart is First Deputy Principal of Academic Affairs at Uganda Baptist Seminary in Jinja, UG where he also serves as Lecturer. In addition, he serves with the International Mission Board (IMB) as the Theological Education Strategist for Sub-Saharan Africa. Likewise, he serves as convener of ABTEN and a contributor to AB316, the writing branch of ABTEN. Mr. Lockhart holds both a MDiv in Christian Ministry and a ThM in Applied Theology from Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary (SEBTS) in Wake Forest, NC. He is currently pursuing a PhD in Applied Theology with an emphasis on preaching. Mr. Lockhart is a contributing author and co-editor of  True Prosperity: A Bible Study for the African Church. Previously, he served eighteen years as a pastor in United States. He has been married to Rebekah for 23 years. They are blessed with four sons, Elijah, Noah, Gavin, and Corban.For information about our upcoming training events visit ExpositorsCollective.com The Expositors Collective podcast is part of the CGNMedia, Working together to proclaim the Gospel, make disciples, and plant churches. For more content like this, visit https://cgnmedia.org/Join our private Facebook group to continue the conversation: https://www.facebook.com/groups/ExpositorsCollectiveDonate to support the work of Expositors Collective, in person training events and a free weekly podcast: https://cgn.churchcenter.com/giving/to/expositors-collective

Tehillah Niselow is in conversation with Frank Blackmore, Economist at KPMGSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Dr. Rachel Pope explains how her sister's cancer diagnosis and a patient in Malawi asking "can you fix my vagina" opened her eyes to the massive gap in sexual health education within gynecology. As a fistula repair surgeon working in Sub-Saharan Africa for four years, Dr. Pope realized that even after successfully repairing bladder leaks, many patients couldn't have intercourse due to vaginal scar tissue yet providers never asked about sexual function. Meanwhile, her sister battling cancer was asking basic questions about intimacy that Dr. Pope, despite all her training and a fellowship, couldn't answer.These twin revelations led Dr. Pope to pursue sexual medicine education and eventually building Cleveland's first female sexual health division that spans multiple departments. Her unique background in global women's health, fistula repair, and reconstructive gynecology informs her holistic approach to sexual medicine and menopause care.The conversation also explores Dr. Pope's current research focus on perimenopause and cardiovascular health, believing this critical 10-year window before menopause holds the key to prevention rather than just treatment. She shares her proactive approach to her own perimenopause, including checking baseline testosterone levels at peak ovulation to guide future hormone therapy decisions.Highlights:Sexual function should be assessed after every pelvic surgery, not just assumedObstetric fistulas are still happening globally but were eliminated in the US once C-sections became accessible.Building a sexual medicine division works best when spanning multiple departments for true biopsychosocial care.The fellowship program accepts both urology and OBGYN applicants, with only two OBGYN programs in the country.Her work continues in Africa doing shorter trips and training local surgeons.If this episode inspired you to think differently about international women's health and sexual medicine education, help others discover this conversation by subscribing and leaving a review. Your reviews help more clinicians and patients find these discussions about comprehensive sexual health care.Connect with Dr. Pope:WebsiteInstagramXConnect with me:WebsiteInstagramYoutubeSubstack

What role does communication play in building health systems and addressing global health challenges? Jed Beitler discusses his work with non-governmental and international organisations, exploring lessons from Sub-Saharan Africa, strategies for fighting major diseases, and the importance of collaboration in global health. Timestamps: 00:56 – Early career 02:37 – Sub-Saharan Africa 06:08 – Tackling HIV 07:53 – Not-for-profit organisations 11:43 – Diagnostics

It's Thursday, September 25th, A.D. 2025. This is The Worldview in 5 Minutes heard on 140 radio stations and at www.TheWorldview.com.  I'm Adam McManus. (Adam@TheWorldview.com) By Jonathan Clark The martyrdom of 1,624 Christians A Vatican commission has documented the stories of 1,624 Christians who died for their faith over the past 25 years. The stories cover Christians from all denominations. Of the cases, 643 were in Sub-Saharan Africa, 357 in Asia and Oceania, 304 in the Americas, 277 in the Middle East and the Maghreb, and 43 in Europe.  Archbishop Fabio Fabene is the head of the commission. He noted that “Martyrdom has existed in every age of the Church, but perhaps now more than in the past, many surrender their lives in order not to betray the message of Christ.” Typhoon prompts 2 million Chinese to evacuate Typhoon Ragasa made landfall in China yesterday.  Nearly two million people evacuated southern China ahead of the storm. The typhoon is equivalent to a Category 5 hurricane, making it the world's most powerful storm this year.  The typhoon left a path of destruction in the Philippines and Hong Kong and killed at least 17 people in Taiwan.  Oracle to buy Chinese-owned TikTok to allay security concerns Speaking of China, officials from the country reached an agreement with leaders from the United States last week about the Chinese-owned app TikTok. According to the deal, the tech company Oracle will lead a U.S.-backed acquisition of TikTok's assets in America. This is part of the Trump administration's efforts to address national security concerns of China's control over TikTok.    Listen to comments from U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer. GREER: “We were very focused on Tiktok and making sure that it was a deal that is fair from the Chinese and completely respects US national security concerns. And that's the deal we reached.” False prophet had predicted end of the world by September 24th Meanwhile on TikTok, claims that the rapture was supposed to have occurred in the last two days went viral this week. The reactions came in response to a video from a South African man named Joshua Mhlakela. He claimed to have a vision that Jesus would return on the 23rd or 24th of September.  I guess he was wrong! The hashtag #rapturenow on TikTok has hundreds of thousands of videos. In the wake of the false predictions, Rev. Franklin Graham called people to turn to Christ, not panic. He wrote on Facebook, “There's no question, Jesus Christ will return—but we don't know when. Jesus Himself tells us, ‘But of that day and hour no one knows, not even the angels of Heaven, but My Father only' (Matthew 24:36)”  Graham concluded, “Surrender your life to Him—this is the preparation that will count.” Chicago dropped charges against 3 street preachers The American Center for Law and Justice announced that a court in Chicago dropped charges against three street preachers this month.  In the case, police arrested three young men for peacefully preaching the Gospel near Chicago's Millennium Park. After six months of court battles, the judge recently dismissed the case.  The ACLJ wrote on Facebook, “Far-Left cities are arresting preachers for sharing the Gospel. We just filed a brief at the U.S. Supreme Court to defend their religious liberty. Help stop the far Left's attack on preachers. Sign our petition.”  You can sign that petition through a link in our transcript today at TheWorldview.com.  Texas law prohibits manufacture or distribution of abortion kill pill Texas Republican Governor Greg Abbott signed the Woman and Child Protection Act into law last Wednesday.  The law makes it illegal to manufacture or distribute abortion-inducing drugs in the Lone Star State. It also bans mailing such drugs to or from any person or location in the state. The chemical abortion business has surged after many states passed anti-abortion laws. For example, ever since Texas protected babies in the womb after six weeks gestation, it has seen nearly 20,000 abortion kill pills mailed into the state annually. Most Americans believe we're born without sin nature And finally, Lifeway Research and Ligonier Ministries released their latest State of Theology study. A majority of U.S. adults strongly embraced ideas like the Trinity, God's perfection and unchangeableness, and marriage as the union of one man and one woman.  However, a majority of Americans also strongly agreed that everyone is born innocent in the eyes of God and strongly disagreed that even the smallest sin deserves eternal damnation.  Scott McConnell, executive director of Lifeway Research, noted, “When a clear majority of Americans think God is flexible when it comes to religion, it's not surprising that agreement with some teachings in the Bible does not translate to accepting all biblical teaching. Americans want the same flexibility they think God has, even if that contradicts other beliefs they have and how God is revealed in Scripture.” James 1:17 reminds us, “Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, and comes down from the Father of lights, with whom there is no variation or shadow of turning.” Close And that's The Worldview on this Thursday, September 25th, in the year of our Lord 2025. Follow us on X or subscribe for free by Spotify, Amazon Music, or by iTunes or email to our unique Christian newscast at www.TheWorldview.com.  I'm Adam McManus (Adam@TheWorldview.com). Seize the day for Jesus Christ.

Christine Service – General Manager, DTC & Networks and Country Manager for Sub-Saharan Africa, The Walt Disney Company EMEA SAfm Market Update - Podcasts and live stream

Interview Summary You know I really like the innovative nature of Food On The Move, and I'm eager for you to tell us more about what it involves. But before we do that, how does a young, highly successful musician turn to battling food insecurity? What led you to create Food On The Move? It took me years to say I even created it. I didn't even use the term founder because I really had this sense of partnership that was a part of how it came to be. But I did found or 'start' Food On The Move because I have just a deep sense of gratitude in my life experience and also maybe a calling? I call it the tap on the shoulder that said there's more for you to do. There's more for me to do. And I didn't really know what that meant. I wanted to invest in Oklahoma and where we're from because as a musician, first you travel, you leave, you go out, you connect with people all over the world. But there's something about building and doing well for your community from the town you're from. And I was inspired by a former US ambassador. A man named Edward Perkins, who was an incredible representative of our country. He worked in some of the most difficult parts of the world representing the US and working with other nations. And his story struck me so deeply because he found ways to partner and transform communities as an ambassador. And I got to know him after his time as an ambassador because he was teaching as a professor at OU (Oklahoma University), in Oklahoma. And I asked him, I said - I want to honor your life. I want to learn from you. If I was to begin to really impact my community, Oklahoma where I'm from and maybe beyond, where would you begin? And he said, I would start with food. That's so interesting. You know, your concept of partnership is so interesting. I'd like to dive into that a little bit deeper in a little bit. But first, tell us about your organization and what it does, how it works, what it tries to accomplish. Yes. So, inspired by Ambassador Perkins' example, we set out to ask the right questions more than have the answers. And in 2014, I just basically cold called everyone in the community that worked in food - from the food bank to the food pantries and said ‘help me understand the gaps.' Help me understand where it's hard to accomplish change. And the term food desert began coming up more and more. And food deserts are communities without grocery stores. So, think of it as the canary in the mine. Sort of when a grocery store goes, the neighborhood is declining. Because they're small margin organizations they have a hard time staying afloat and when they go it's hard to bring them back because you need either a company like a big chain or a small business that doesn't have a lot of resources. And oftentimes that decline continues, and it impacts the community. So, with Food On The Move I basically brought together partners to create an access point in food deserts where it's was all in kind. From food trucks that could bring great, tasty food and give people dignity and excitement and energy, to partners that are doing food safety training and teaching people to cook. And places like Oklahoma State University extension where they train people about how to prepare food because they may not know. And so, all these partners came together, and we basically spent five years just learning and serving people in those communities. And focusing on an environment that was not about raising a bunch of money; it was really about who is already in this space that we can garner relationships with and get to know the communities. And now those events continue to be flagships. We call them food and resource festivals. They are a pay-as-you-can. You show up, you get access to fresh produce, you have food trucks, you have wraparound services. You have people that are in the community, in different nonprofits, for-profits, and government organizations that we all collaborate with. And we reach people where they are while serving and getting to know them and learning from them. And through those relationships, through those events - which we still do - what it's brought us to is the innovation and education side, and ultimately transformation. We realized in order to change food deserts, end food deserts, bring grocery stores back, that we had to get to the heart of the food system. Which is we had to be teaching people to grow things again, rebuild the local foundation of farmers being trained, use new, innovative systems like indoor growing and aquaponics, hydroponics. And basically, we had to kind of build the foundation back that's been lost since post World War II in our community, like many places. And that means a food hub to bridge farmers to distributors. That means training those farmers for the future. And it ultimately means building a new model for a grocery store. So, we are at the heart of that now with a project we call Food Home, where we are building a campus that is like a microcosm of the food system. Hopefully could be the end of this year, we'll see. Construction is always tricky. But, for sure by the start of first quarter next year, we'll be opening a 10,000 square foot urban farm, which is a training facility, and producing hundreds of thousands of pounds of food every year, and this is really the launchpad for future farmers. My God, I mean, and one of those things you mentioned would be wonderful to dive into and talk about a lot. Because I mean, each is impressive in its own right. But you bring them together, you're probably doing some of the most extensive, impressive things I know of around the country. Let me ask how you address the fundamental issue that we've actually faced ourselves. So communities often feel set upon by outsiders coming in to help. You know, it could be a philanthropy, it could be universities, it could be somebody, you know, who's just coming in well-meaning, wanting to help. But nonetheless may not know the communities or understand the realities of day-to-day life and things like that. And people from communities have often told us that 'we're in the best position to come up with solutions that will work for the members of our own community.' How did you work through those things? Well, this is always why my story elevator pitch tends to be too long. Because I want to actually talk about that element. It's not super elevator pitchy because what it involves is building relationships and trust and what I first learned from Ambassador Perkins. I'll tell you a small story of his example and it really rocked me. I asked him where would you start if you wanted to change community? Because I'd learned from his story that he had actually done it. He was sent to South Africa at the heart of the Apartheid Movement to with a mission from at the time President Ronald Reagan, to free Nelson Mandela from prison and help dismantle the Apartheid system. This is about as high a mark as anybody could have. And he had no policy. They said you're going to make policy. And what he did was so extraordinary, and I think is the mark of his success. And that's, to answer your question, he said, I recognized that every ambassador had held court. You are one step away from the president of the United States, which means you're always the most powerful person in the room. And other ambassadors, he'd ask them to come to him. But you had this deep divide between Black and white, deep divide between economics. And so, what he did was he told his team when he went to South Africa, he said, put the American flags on the front of the car, roll the windows down and take me to the townships. Take me to the neighborhoods. They need to know I'm here. And he took the time to build real relationships and build trust with communities. Black, white, rich, and poor, you know, old and young. He really did the time. And so that model, though obviously South Africa is a deeply entrenched community that, you know, especially that time. And this is kind of world politics, but I listened to that. And I thought, wow, we have a divide in our own community. And it's true of so many American cities. And where people, they see an area and they say that's not my community. They're going to come to me. And so, Food On The Move is built on we will build a partnership-based foundation which is like a block party where you walk up, and I'm a musician, I'm a DJ. So, we have a DJ playing music, we have food trucks. It smells great. You have smiling faces. You have a feeling that when you go there, you're not there, like, I need help and I'm in a soup kitchen. It's like there's a community party and you get invited and everyone's available to go there because if you want to give, you can go. If you don't have a dollar in your pocket, you go. And everybody leaves with the same treatment. And that foundation, the way we go about building those relationships, that is the heart and soul of how we are getting to the question and then trying to answer: we need more grocery stores, and we need more farmers. Because we heard it from the neighborhood. And I'll wrap up the answer a little bit which is to say we have multiple community farms as well as our own training farms. And we've worked in middle schools to teach young people to grow things with high-end aquaponics. You know, statistically the worse school in the city. But we've seen it just rocket people to engagement and better education and being fired up to come to school. But the community grow beds are the real test because you can't just drop a community grow bed and say, ‘Hey, isn't this awesome? Here's your grow bed.' You have to stay engaged with community, but you also have to invite them to be participants. And so, we work with our neighbors. We treat one another as neighbors, and you are right, it is wrought with pick your cliche. You know, the complex of the outsider coming in with money. The contrast between racial issues and economic issues. It's so wrought with problems potentially. But I believe that real solutions are possible when you build relationships. It sounds like one of the, you didn't say this directly, but one of the most important things you did was listen. Tell me about that a little more. Well, yes. I mean, I said it. I kind of coined this phrase now because I realize it's so true. We really started with I think good questions, not good answers. And so, the listening... first of all, the listening started with people that were doing work. So, if you went to the food bank, the question wasn't, ‘hey, we're here to help.' This is what we want to do. It was what's going on? You're the food bank, you guys have been here since the '80s. And hey, you're the health department. Hey, you're a food truck, like, what do you see? And I determined early that we needed to always have three pillars. We need to always have representation of for-profit, non-profit, and government agencies at some level. And so, a food truck is a business, right? They understand how hard it is to get people to show up and make a living, right? And you know, a nonprofit or an agency they know about service, they know about the stats. And frankly, however you are on the political spectrum, the government agencies, whatever they happen to be, they have a role to play. They have, whether big or small. Again, people of different walks of life have different views on that. But they should be a part of the conversation no matter what. And so, that was the first step. And then I like to say, an example Kelly, of kind of the dynamic shift is - if you walk up to somebody you barely know, you're not going to tell them like, ‘hey man, I'm not sure about that shirt. Or you got something in your tooth,' you know? Or, ‘have you really considered redecorating your house? Like, it's kind of dated.' Those are things you get to say to friends. You know, you tell a friend, ‘hey man, you know, suck it in. You're taking a picture.' You know? And so at the foundation, the questions we were asking were also why do you think this has happened? Why is a neighborhood that was a thriving new neighborhood in 1965 now dangerous and in decline. And talking with elders. And they became and have become some of our greatest advocates. And you know what? It's not flashy. You show up and you just keep showing up. And you show up when it's rainy and you show up when it's cold. And at some point people go. Wow. Like they're actually going to do this. So, you know, we're still doing it. We're not there. There's no finish line on this. So consistent with what we found in our own work about the importance of showing up. I'm happy that you raised that particular term. Speaking of terms, when I introduced you there, I used this term that I pulled right from your website about the legacy issues created by food insecurity. What do you mean by that? Yes. So legacy issues. You know, people develop heart disease, diabetes, frankly anxiety, ADHD/ADD things. A lot of stuff that's diet and a lot of things that's habit. So, if you grow up in a house that nobody ever cooked really. Because the neighborhood lost its store. Mom and dad were busy. Maybe a single parent home. You know, look, my wife and I have blessed, we have seven children. Wow. And we have a full house. And even with, you know, plenty of resources and plenty of support, it's still hard to do right. It's still hard to eat well. You know, you're running and you're gunning. And so legacy issues are habits. Eating habits. Consumption habits. By the way, poverty does not discriminate on race. Poverty hits whoever it hits, right? And so, Black and white, different backgrounds you'd be speaking with somebody that, 'like I've never seen a red bell pepper. I didn't know that existed. I've never seen What is That's a kiwi. What's a kiwi? I don't want to eat that.' You know? And so, the legacy issues are health, habits, education. Also, if you've never had access to resources, if you've never had an uncle that became an attorney or somebody that knew how to manage money because your neighborhood was a history of decline. You just don't know anybody. Or even worse, you have communities because of poverty that everybody in your family knows somebody that was in jail or was headed to jail because of their climate, their environment. And things that occur because of limited, you know, resources. And things that happen among, you know, communities with less available to them. And you have to take judgment and just throw it across the room. Just completely eject any sense of judgment. And recognize that somebody that's grown up with those different parameters, they're carrying those around. So, you're trying to restart. You're trying to begin again. And say, you know, let's get us back to having as little baggage behind us. Let's get diabetes out of the way. Let's get heart disease (out of the way) and we're going to do it by eating good food. Or getting educated. And it's not going to happen quick. It's going to happen through probably an entire generation if we're lucky. Now, let me ask a related question about dignity because this comes up in the way you've spoken about this. And in the way our country has addressed hunger. I mean, going back to when the War on Hunger began really in the 1960s, it was a nation's compassionate response to a very real issue that so many people faced. But the solution wasn't to try to give people more financial means so they could buy their own food and not have to face this. It was to give them food. But to do so in ways that really did destroy dignity in many ways. How are you addressing that and how does that term figure into the work you're doing? Well, I love the way you couch that. And unfortunately, among these discussions, people glom onto certain aspects if they have their own sort of paradigm that's ingrained. And one, you have to throw out ideology and focus on, I think, common sense. And the short answer is we believe in teach a man to fish as the philosophy. There is no way to ultimately change things if your goal is not aligned with creating opportunity, creating, transitioning folks that have not been able to support their families, to finding ways to transform that. And that comes by getting to know one another. That comes with creating education. And that comes with looking at the whole system. And so, when I brought sort of to my team this answer or this proposal of why we need to build Food Home. The Food Home campus. It wasn't just that I had some epiphany that I walked into the desert and came back with an idea. It was built around the work we were doing. And we already had somebody that wanted to build a grocery store. We already had somebody that was farm focused, thinking about food hub to bridge the gap with farmers. We had a study that was done by a local foundation that said we don't have enough farmers right now to get all the local food. And we need local because it's more affordable. We shouldn't be paying for our lettuce to travel from California to Oklahoma. We don't need to do that. And so, dignity and building the transition, the future, is about looking at the whole and being willing to do, I think, the hard work. Which is to realize our food, our food economy has to change. And recognizing that opportunity is not a bad word, you know? Economic investment in communities. These are good things. And at the same time, you meet people where they are. You meet them right where they are. And when COVID happened, our pitch about building Food Home and building the food systems and training people to grow things, it pivoted a little bit. Because people saw for the first time in a generation what it's like when the food's not there. Like you're in Oklahoma and we were the distribution partner for the USDA doing Farm to Family boxes. Food On The Move was. We had trucks that were designated for us from farmers that had been supported by government purchasing to bring food to food banks, and to resources, to communities. And we had a truck that was a state away and we were supposed to go get that truck and give it to people that needed it in our neighborhood in Oklahoma. And we were going guys, if we had a food home, a food hub, a bridge between local farmers, every community would know where their food is coming from. And so there is a food security side of this discussion as well which is that we need to have sovereignty. We need to have structure that gives us access and that builds long-term economic sustainability. And Oklahoma is a great example of this. We used to have a very thriving local farm community system. All my grandparents, my parents, they went to farmer's markets. They bought great food. And many of those folks working in that land because there's not a food hub that bridges this medium farmer to the distributors - they've lost economic ability to scale. And they do better to sell their land to a developer and grow sod or put a bunch of houses on it. And that has got to change. You know, you reinforce the idea that there's a lot of ingenuity in communities. And lots of good ideas about how to solve the problems. And many times, the people that are wanting to help communities can be helped best by just supporting the ideas that are already there. Because, as I said, we've encountered so much ingenuity from people in the communities who've been thinking about these issues for a long time. Let me ask something. You kind of began this by talking about food deserts and grocery stores leaving areas. And you've come up with a lot of creative ways of compensating for the loss of grocery stores. But what about correcting that problem. What about getting more grocery stores back into these areas? Is that something that you guys deal with? That's ultimately our mission. I mean, I say the mission is the solution so that I don't want to put it into one square box called a store. But the store departing is at the heart of the key question we're asking. Why? And so, the Food Home campus is a four phased vision. And the first two phases are underway, or about to be open with the food hub and the urban farm. The second two are a community hub, which is teaching and training people to prepare and cook food better, getting urban and rural together. And the last phase, which started as the first, by the way. It began as the first thinking we're just going to get a store. We realized you had to get the food chain right before you could build a better store. And so the model for a store, we believe, is going to be probably a hybrid between a fresh delivery and a physical place that is there living right at the heart of a neighborhood. Let's do an update on this here as we get to opening that door, because I believe what we've seen is the umbrella that allows the small store is still needed. That's, kind of, we're stepping in with a food hub. We're stepping in with a bigger footprint, buying power, larger volume, purchasing local. But really entrepreneurs where single operators are invested in owning and operating that store. They're also committed more to that store. It's not just a corporate line item. I'm interested in studying, frankly, some of the really smart food franchisees that have understood the power of creating economic models that are sustainable. But you have to connect them to a bigger umbrella to help support that medium grocer. It's going to be a combination of those things. But yeah, we have to get stores where you can actually buy your food and it is affordable and it is quality. Quality becomes an interesting issue here. And I haven't looked at the research literature on this for a little while. When I did, there was some research looking at what happened to the quality of nutrition in neighborhoods where grocery stores had left or had come back in. And it didn't seem to make a lot of difference in terms of overall nutrition profile of the people there. It provided some real benefits. Access. People didn't have to go a long way to get their groceries. Costs tended to come down, so there were some real benefits aside from nutrition. But just focusing on nutrition, of course a big supermarket brings more fresh fruits and vegetables. But it also brings aisle after aisle of highly processed, highly calorie dense foods that aren't necessarily helpful. So, the fact that you're working on the healthy food part of the equation and finding ways to get foods from farms to people, not necessarily from a big food processing plant. From farms to people, is really an important part of the overall picture, isn't it? Fresh produce is the sort of heart and soul of the food dilemma. And so yes, it is very, very tricky. You know, a little bit like how do you raise a child to have good habits? We're all trying to have good habits and we still eat hamburgers and fries because they're delicious. So, going back to dignity, I do not believe, and this is my perspective mixed with the data and the experience. I don't believe, the opinion side, in deciding whether or not people deserve certain things. And early on when we started the food pop-up events, I suggested, 'hey, call the food trucks. Have the pizza truck come have because they're awesome and they're mobile and they can show up.' And we had some folks that were partners that kind of went well, but that's greasy food and that's, you know, it's X, Y, and Z. And this is what I said to that: it's like, look, our job is first to meet people and treat them like we would want to be treated. And then we work on the produce. And so, with a grocery store, you're absolutely right. You can't just drop good food somewhere and think everybody's going to get healthy. Most people are going to eat what they like. But mostly the barrier to entry on healthy food is economics. People do not have the dollars to buy the kale or to buy the fresh tomatoes. Most people actually do, find that they will, you know, consume that food. But you have to get the generational conversation happening where families have grown up seeing fresh produce. Cooking with fresh produce. And they can actually buy it. And that's not going to happen unless we get food closer. Because the closer food allows us to cut down the margin that's going to transportation and make quality food more affordable. Makes good sense. So you've been at this a while. What have you learned? How do you look at things differently now than when you started? I learned that creating change is not for the faint of heart. First of all, you better really sort of revel in a challenge. And also, we've touched on several of the elements of what I've learned. You have to build trust. You can't expect people to just change just because you say so. You also have to be really interested in learning. Like, not just learning because you have to, but you have to be interested in understanding. And I think that's at the heart of getting to solutions. It's not even just asking the right question. It's actually being interested in the answer to that question. Like it's wanting to genuinely know. And so, these are all things I put in and I'll say the last, which is not the sexy one. It's difficult to build a good organization that's sustainable. And we've spent the second half of the Food On The Move journey building a strong team, hiring the right CEO, building a great board, having governance, having sustainability in your culture. I mean, these are business things and you know, I'm the founder. I'm a board member. I'm at the heart of who we are, but we've had to build a team. And so, anybody that wants to make things sustainable or create sustainable change, and this would be my last takeaway to your question, is you have to grow past yourself. You have to be anticipating giving that away. Growing much, much further than the bottleneck of the big idea person. But you also have to stay in stewardship mode. So, that's kind of where I am now is how do we make this continue to grow towards the solutions we're hoping for? And how do I stay engaged, fired up, focused, inspired to get the team involved, but also trust people on the team to do what they have been asked to do. I'd like to pick up on something that you mentioned along the way, which is work that you're doing on urban farming, and you mentioned things like hydroponics and aquaponics. Tell us a little bit more about that. Wo we came across hydroponics and aquaponics because when you look at growing methodologies, one of the challenges we have is our eating habits have changed. People don't just eat seasonally. We've become accustomed to getting strawberries year-round and getting all these different flavors. And you can't expect that that's just going to happen. We're not just going to change that and make everybody eat the harvest of Ohio or the harvest of Tulsa. Like we all expect good food when we do go to the store. The economics of food means people are ready to buy certain things. And for a sustainable grocery store, you need to have the things that people will buy. So, aquaponics and hydroponics are new technologies that were pioneered to create high production and high volume in areas that might have different climates. You can grow year round. The things that grow best are leafy greens, but you can grow all kinds of things. Tomatoes, you know, vining plants. Cucumbers. You can grow incredible amounts of food. A large portion of your food can be grown through these indoor systems, and they cost more to start than a traditional dirt farm. But once established they produce year round, they are more resilient with obviously pests and weather and things like that. With aquaponics and hydroponics you have systems that naturally are organic. They need to be organic because that's how they function, you know? Fish tanks, you know, that are naturally fertilizing. The fish are giving the plants what they need. This is cool stuff. So, we were led to those systems because sustainability and better food and more of it for small communities in a place like Oklahoma where you have hot and cold, and if you can grow year round, then you could have a cash crop that somebody could build a business with and provide better for that store. And not be buying it from Mexico or California. I mean, God bless Mexico and California, but we're putting too much food on a truck. And it's older than it should be, and it's sprayed with stuff because it needs to look good when it shows up, and that's hurting everybody. So, we need new methodologies. Well, and not only are you producing food, but it's a community driven solution because it's right there. People in the community can own it, can run it, can work at it, and things like that. And just it's mere presence probably signals something very positive that is good economically good nutritionally, but also good psychologically, I think. So, let me ask one parting question. Hunger has been an issue in the United States for a long, long time. And it continues to be. And now there have been even more cutbacks than before and the SNAP program and things like that. Are you optimistic that we can address this problem and do you think a local very creative and innovative local solution that you're talking about in Oklahoma, can that be exported and replicated and are you optimistic? Let me just ask you that. Are you optimistic is an interesting question because I don't think we can afford not to be optimistic. If you ask a parent, are you optimistic your child will eat, there's no choice there. Your child will eat. Or you will die trying to feed them. And I've spoken to, you know, leadership groups and rotary clubs and nonprofits about different aspects of my journey. And I think the heart of this issue is to not make it an option that we don't solve this. We cannot talk about feeding our community. And by the way, I don't mean feeding them just like I said, through nonprofit, but changing the culture and eliminating hunger in this country. And really, it's facing hunger. We can't make it an option that we don't. My perspective is, I think it's going to take, solutions like what Food On the Move is doing, which is at the heart of understanding our food systems. And we are definitely building. Everything we're doing is to try and have a model hoping that what we're doing in Oklahoma, which has a lot of parallels to, you know, whether you're talking about North Carolina or Ohio or Missouri, or Houston. All these communities have a lot of similarities. We believe that if we can show that you build trust, you then develop models, you then train future farmers. You build an infrastructure to launch and bridge the gap between small and medium farmers. And then here's a model for a better store that's sustainable. We believe that we're going to be able to show that that is a long road, but the road that is maybe less traveled but needed. And that could be the difference that's needed. So, it's fingers are crossed. BIO Tulsa native Taylor Hanson grew up in a home where artistic expression was encouraged and celebrated. At the age of nine he, along with brothers Isaac and Zac, formed the band HANSON. Just five years later their debut album was released and the lead single, “MMMBop”, hit number one in 27 countries, and earned the group 3 GRAMMY nominations. At the age of 20, he co-founded 3CG Records, allowing the band to produce music on their own terms, and is recognized as a longtime advocate for independent music globally. The group continues to produce meaningful music for its ever-growing fanbase. Hanson possesses a deep commitment to social change. In 2007 he inspired others to make an impact through simple actions, co-founding non-profit Take The Walk, combating extreme poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa. In 2014, he founded Food On The Move, which provides access, education, and innovative solutions, to transform food deserts and the legacy issues created by food insecurity. Since its founding, Food On The Move has distributed millions of pounds of fresh produce to members of the Oklahoma community, and is a leader in the movement to reshape sustainable local food systems. He has been instrumental in a number of community-oriented music initiatives, including contributing to “The Sounds of Black Wall Street”, to commemorate the centennial of the Tulsa Race Massacre, spearheading “For Women Life Freedom” highlighting the human-rights atrocities taking place in Iran, and currently serves as is a National Trustee of the Recording Academy. Hanson, his wife Natalie, and their seven children, make their home in Tulsa, where he was recently named Tulsan of the Year. 

Welcome back to another episode and the next instalment in my series on embracing our imperfection in Aware Parenting, in conversation this time with Rebecca Sheikh who is a level 2 Aware Parenting Instructor and the regional coordinator for the UK, Ireland and Sub-Saharan Africa. In this episode we talk about how parenting invites us to tend to the hurt places within us from our childhoods and how adversity in childhood shapes who we are. We talk about how normal it is for parents to need support and Rebecca shares some of the ways that she has found most effective in her own healing. She shares some resources and processes for parents to support themselves in parenting and her own journey of learning to embrace imperfection. She ends with a poem that she finds particularly touching called Everything is Beautiful by Mark Nepo. To learn more about Rebecca and her offerings please visit www.flourishingchildhood.com/ To get support with this or any other aspect of aware parenting, I invite you to get in touch support@awareparenting.com.au

Hey Poison Friends! I know I promised a lot for this one episode, including West Nile, Zika, EEE, and Malaria. The truth is, malaria is just a huge topic on its own and instead of keeping you all here for hours at one time, we are discussing malaria in all of its old and new world glory, so to speak. I will be adding an extra bonus on our Patreon later this week that will be free for all for those still interested in West Nile/Zika, so come check that out there. The parasite that causes malaria is actually older than us humans and since humans entered the scene, they have been our nemesis. Mosquitoes are known to be, historically, the deadliest animal simply because of how many people have died due to malaria that they have transmitted. We are discussing the history of humankind vs mosquito/malaria and how various people groups of different eras attempted to deal with the disease. From the ancient Egyptians, to the Greeks, the Romans, ancient China, and those living throughout the middle ages in Europe. Previous notions were that malaria came from "bad air" and, in fact, the name comes from the Italian for "bad air." The Miasma and Humors theories were still prevalent in medicine, of course, until the true means of infection were discovered in the late 1800s. Also, we cannot leave out its historic prevalence in Africa and its later history among the American colonies, the Native Americans (indigenous groups in North and South America), Oceania, and among and throughout the African slave trade. History has been a doozy, lets be honest, and mosquitoes (and malaria) have witnessed it all. They even had their effects on historical events like the Fall of Rome, the Revolutionary War, Civil War, WWII, etc. We are delving into the science as well, discussing who discovered its causal agent and who found how it was transmitted via mosquito. Needless to say, the war with malaria has been awful through the centuries and in Sub-Saharan Africa, it still is. The disease is also still prevalent in Southeast Asia and in South America. So what have been the historic methods of treatment and how far have we come in this fight? Thank you to all of our listeners and supporters! Please feel free to leave a comment or send us a DM for any questions, suggestions, or just to say, "hi."Support us on Patreon:⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠patreon.com/thepoisonersalmanac⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Merch-⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://poisonersalmanac.com/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Follow us on socials:The Poisoner's Almanac on IG-⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.instagram.com/poisoners_almanac?utm_source=ig_web_button_share_sheet&igsh=ZDNlZDc0MzIxNw==⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠YouTube-⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://youtube.com/@thepoisonersalmanac-m5q?si=16JV_ZKhpGaLyM73⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Also, look for the Poisoner's Almanac TikTok- ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.tiktok.com/@poisonersalmanacp?_t=ZT-8wdYQyXhKbm&_r=1⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Adam-⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.tiktok.com/@studiesshow?is_from_webapp=1&sender_device=pc⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Becca-⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.tiktok.com/@yobec0?is_from_webapp=1&sender_device=pc⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

In this episode, we speak with Dr. Claudia Hawkins, Director of the Center for Global Communicable and Emerging Infectious Diseases at Northwestern University. Dr. Hawkins leads the H2NET Initiative, a groundbreaking effort focused on addressing critical research gaps in Hepatitis B (HBV) and HIV/HBV co-infection across Sub-Saharan Africa. She shares insights into the challenges of HBV research in resource-limited settings, the importance of building local research capacity, and how H2NET is fostering collaboration to improve health outcomes in the region. Support the showOur website: www.hepb.orgSupport B Heppy!Social Media: Instagram - Twitter - Facebook

Sub-Saharan Africa needs a lot of investment to support its development, but high funding costs are a constraint. We'll explore the drivers of these costs and steps three of the region's largest economies – South Africa, Nigeria and Kenya – are taking to reduce their cost of capital.   Host: Colin Ellis, Head of Centre for Credit Research, Moody's Ratings  Guests: Christian Fang, Vice President - Senior Analyst, Moody's Ratings; Mik Kabeya, Vice President - Senior Credit Officer, Moody's Ratings  Related research:  Credit Conditions – South Africa, Kenya and Nigeria – Policy, market constraints keep borrowing costs high 15 Sept 2025 Sovereigns – Sub-Saharan Africa – Outlook stable as solid growth, fiscal consolidation mitigate financing constraints 16 Sept 2025Banks – Africa – Evolving fundraising sources and high yields will help banks navigate cost of foreign currency 17 Sept 2025Sovereigns – Sub-Saharan Africa – Low revenue and domestic savings underlie high debt cost in Sub-Saharan Africa 02 May 2025   Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

China is steadily expanding its security presence in Africa through deeper military ties, weapons sales, and multinational deployments as UN Peacekeepers. In fact, China is now the largest arms supplier to Sub-Saharan Africa, according to data from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. There are also mounting concerns over the protection of Chinese personnel on the continent who have been regular targets of kidnapping and ransom by bandits in the DRC, Nigeria, and South Africa, among other countries. Lungani Hlongwa, editor of the China-Africa Security Radar on Substack, joins Eric & Cobus to discuss why African militaries are increasingly turning to China and away from traditional partners in the U.S. and Europe. SHOW NOTES: Subscribe to The China-Africa Security Radar: https://cafradar.substack.com/ Politico: Pentagon plan prioritizes homeland over China threat by Paul McLeary and Daniel Lippman The China-Global South Project: Q&A: China's ‘Feeling the Stones' Approach to African Security Takes Shape JOIN THE DISCUSSION: X: @ChinaGSProject | @eric_olander | @agmutambo Facebook: www.facebook.com/ChinaAfricaProject YouTube: www.youtube.com/@ChinaGlobalSouth Now on Bluesky! Follow CGSP at @chinagsproject.bsky.social FOLLOW CGSP IN FRENCH: www.projetafriquechine.com | @AfrikChine JOIN US ON PATREON! Become a CGSP Patreon member and get all sorts of cool stuff, including our Week in Review report, an invitation to join monthly Zoom calls with Eric & Cobus, and even an awesome new CGSP Podcast mug! www.patreon.com/chinaglobalsouth

We have all known now about HIV/AIDS since the 80's with well known people such as Rock Hudson and Freddie Mercury having died from the disease. Billions of dollars have been invested over the last 2 plus decades investing in government and civil society solutions. Many people in the west think that HIV/AIDS has gone away and even though we have made incredible strides to get it under control, it still takes thousands of lives every year and we see new infections daily. On this show we talk to Joanna Bichsel, the Founder and CEO of African based purpose driven firm Kasha on what it will take to finally end HIV. AIDS disproportionately effects people in Subsaharan Africa however the good news is that the solutions and technology are now in place to actually see the end of the HIV pandemic in our lifetime. This is known as "last mile health" and many might be interested in the fact that a lot of those solutions are within the private sector.

In this weeks' Scale Your Sales Podcast episode, my guest is Nwamaka Udenigwe.   Nwamaka Udenigwe is a Commercial Strategist and Sales Architect helping organizations lead grassroots-to-scale sales transformation. I build sustainable revenue systems, optimize sales structures, and design go-to-market strategies that deliver results. I don't just create strategy — I help implement what it takes to grow.   In today's episode of Scale Your Sales podcast, Nwamaka examines how customer-led and community-driven models give sales organizations a competitive edge by embedding the customer's voice into processes, strengthening trust, and enabling scale. Nwamaka shares insights from leading sales across Sub-Saharan Africa, alongside the growing role of AI in personalization, decision-making, and adaptability.   Welcome to Scale Your Sales Podcast, Nwamaka Udenigwe.     Timestamps: 00:00 AI's Impact on Sales Dynamics 04:04 Strengthening Communities Through Digital Platforms 08:57 Balancing Customer Experience and Platform Goals 11:37 Turning Customers into Advocates 14:29 Building Diverse Community Ecosystems 19:53 AI Revolutionizing Sales Industry 22:10 AI Enhancing Customer Experience Insights 25:40 Africa's Rapid AI Adoption 28:47 Enhancing Sales Through Training Tools 32:12 Share Your iTunes Review     https://www.linkedin.com/in/nwamakaudenigwe/  https://x.com/udenigwenwamaka?s=21 https://www.instagram.com/nwamakaudenigwe     Janice B Gordon is the award-winning Customer Growth Expert and Scale Your Sales Framework founder. She is by LinkedIn Sales 15 Innovating Sales Influencers to Follow 2021, the Top 50 Global Thought Leaders and Influencers on Customer Experience Nov 2020 and 150 Women B2B Thought Leaders You Should Follow in 2021. Janice helps companies worldwide to reimagine revenue growth thought customer experience and sales.   Book Janice to speak virtually at your next event: https://janicebgordon.com   LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/janice-b-gordon/   Twitter: https://twitter.com/JaniceBGordon   Scale Your Sales Podcast: https://scaleyoursales.co.uk/podcast   More on the blog: https://scaleyoursales.co.uk/blog   Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/janicebgordon   Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ScaleYourSales   And more! Visit our podcast website https://scaleyoursales.co.uk/podcast/ to watch or listen.

Clement Manyathela speaks to Lorraine Landon, Head of Advertising Products and Solutions for Sub-Saharan Africa at Google, as the platform marks its 20th anniversary with an exciting first for South Africa: the YouTube Works Awards. 702 Breakfast with Bongani Bingwa is broadcast on 702, a Johannesburg based talk radio station. Bongani makes sense of the news, interviews the key newsmakers of the day, and holds those in power to account on your behalf. The team bring you all you need to know to start your day Thank you for listening to a podcast from 702 Breakfast with Bongani Bingwa Listen live on Primedia+ weekdays from 06:00 and 09:00 (SA Time) to Breakfast with Bongani Bingwa broadcast on 702: https://buff.ly/gk3y0Kj For more from the show go to https://buff.ly/36edSLV or find all the catch-up podcasts here https://buff.ly/zEcM35T Subscribe to the 702 Daily and Weekly Newsletters https://buff.ly/v5mfetc Follow us on social media: 702 on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TalkRadio702 702 on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@talkradio702 702 on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/talkradio702/ 702 on X: https://x.com/Radio702 702 on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@radio702 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In the 1930s, New Deal-era technocrats devised a solution to homelessness and poverty itself. They believed that providing free or low-cost urban housing projects could completely eliminate housing scarcity. Planners envisioned urban communities that would propel their residents into the middle class, creating a flywheel of abundance where poverty was eradicated. However, once construction began after World War II, these projects quickly became dangerous, poorly maintained slums, serving as breeding grounds for crime and decay. By the 1970s, crime rates were so high that levels of violence rivaled those of war zones in Sub-Saharan Africa. What happened? Why did so many of the best and brightest who promoted housing projects—like First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt or city planner Robert Moses—create one of the worst government debacles of the 20th century? Why didn’t they foresee that housing projects would become hotbeds of crime, completely destroying the social fabric of the neighborhoods they aimed to help? Today’s guest is Howard Husock, author of “The Projects: A New History of Public Housing.” He explains how we got here, detailing the tragic rise and fall of public housing and the pitfalls of other subsidy programs. He takes us inside a progressive movement led by a group of New York City philanthropists, politicians, and business magnates who first championed public housing as a solution to urban blight. We explore everything that went wrong and what can be done to avoid these same mistakes in the future.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

On this week's episode of The Leadership In Insurance Podcast, I sat down with Samuel Broomer, President of NormanMax Insurance Solutions, to explore how parametric insurance is reshaping the industry and what it means for carriers, agents, and customers alike.From its early applications in Sub-Saharan Africa to its role today in addressing protection gaps across the U.S., this episode dives deep into how parametric solutions are transforming the insurance landscape.

AFRICA...an enormous continent, with a vast and diverse array of music. In Sub-Saharan Africa it's mostly upbeat, polyrhythmic, and joyful, designed to accompany dancing and celebration. There's also an extensive traditional folk music, with songs for every occasion, and historic religious and ceremonial music. It's different—so it's not surprising that it took us more than six years to produce our first program exploring the slower, quieter side of African music in 1989. The most obvious difference when compared to contemporary ambient from Western countries is the emotional quality. Where Western ambient is often cool and trance-inducing, African ambient makes a joyful noise, and remains committed to traditional acoustic instruments, like the 21 string harp called the kora, the metallic thumb piano called the mbira, the West African lute called the ngoni, and a wide array of drums and percussion. On this transmission of HEARTS of SPACE, the seductive polyrhythms and sweet modal harmonies of Sub-Saharan Africa, on a program called "AFRICAN DELIGHT." Music is by AYUB OGADA, SONA JOBARTEH, BETWEEN, STEPHAN MICUS, DANIEL BERKMAN, WILL RIDENOUR & BETSY BEVAN, and SAMITE. [ view playlist ] [ view Flickr image gallery ] [ play 30 second MP3 promo ]

In this weeks' Scale Your Sales Podcast episode, my guest is Nwamaka Udenigwe.   I am Nwamaka Udenigwe, a Commercial Strategist and Sales Architect helping organizations lead grassroots-to-scale sales transformation. I build sustainable revenue systems, optimize sales structures, and design go-to-market strategies that deliver results. I don't just create strategy — I help implement what it takes to grow.   In today's episode of Scale Your Sales podcast, Nwamaka shares her journey from selling bead jewelry and cakes to building a successful sales career across insurance, pharmaceuticals, and direct selling in Nigeria and sub-Saharan Africa. She discusses blending Nordic operational systems with Nigeria's entrepreneurial energy to empower women through digital D2C models. Nwamaka outlines how AI chatbots and innovative onboarding systems are transforming engagement and solving major sales challenges, while emphasizing the power of community, trust, and personal development. This insightful conversation with Janice highlights practical strategies for scalable success and the vital role of intentional systems in driving growth.   Welcome to Scale Your Sales Podcast, Nwamaka Udenigwe.     Timestamps: 00:00 Microbiologist's Journey into Sales 05:53 Career Journey in Sales Leadership 08:34 Nordic Approach in Nigerian Entrepreneurship 13:33 Empowering Women Through Community Building 15:15 Transformative Community-Led Growth 20:45 Empowering Women for Wider Impact 22:56 AI Chatbots Revolutionize Bar Communication 24:50 Streamlined Self-Paced Onboarding Process 27:56 90-Day Onboarding Success Framework 32:54 Essential Structures for Success 35:01 Sales Assessment and Roadmap Creation     https://www.linkedin.com/in/nwamakaudenigwe/   https://x.com/udenigwenwamaka?s=21 https://www.instagram.com/nwamakaudenigwe     Janice B Gordon is the award-winning Customer Growth Expert and Scale Your Sales Framework founder. She is by LinkedIn Sales 15 Innovating Sales Influencers to Follow 2021, the Top 50 Global Thought Leaders and Influencers on Customer Experience Nov 2020 and 150 Women B2B Thought Leaders You Should Follow in 2021. Janice helps companies worldwide to reimagine revenue growth thought customer experience and sales.   Book Janice to speak virtually at your next event: https://janicebgordon.com   LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/janice-b-gordon/   Twitter: https://twitter.com/JaniceBGordon   Scale Your Sales Podcast: https://scaleyoursales.co.uk/podcast   More on the blog: https://scaleyoursales.co.uk/blog   Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/janicebgordon   Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ScaleYourSales   And more! Visit our podcast website https://scaleyoursales.co.uk/podcast/ to watch or listen.

Besco Structures is one of the leading suppliers of pre-fabricated steel structures for agriculture. And since they started in the 80's, their director, Mark Doyle, has had the opportunity to observe poultry operations across the globe, from South America to Sub-Saharan Africa. His many travels have given Mark a repository of amazing stories that you wouldn't necessarily expect from your typical career in agriculture, including run-in's with dangerous reptiles, wearing bullet proof vests, and monkey bodyguards. Yes, seriously.  Today on Eggheads, we're picking Mark's brain about the upsides and challenges of operating in the international market, how poultry operations have changed during his time in the industry, and Besco's vision for the future. 

In this episode of The Energy Talk, we delve into the inner workings of the REPP 2 fund, a groundbreaking initiative managed by Camco, aimed at transforming the renewable energy landscape in Sub-Saharan Africa. We welcome Ben Hugues (Fund manager of REPP 2) and Ieva Indriunaite (former head of REPP 2's technical assistance facility), to share insights into the fund's blended finance structure, which not only mobilizes substantial investments but also prioritizes social impact and sustainability. The conversation covers key strategies for selecting projects, the challenges of navigating diverse regulatory environments, and the critical role of partnerships in driving success. We also explore exit strategies and how they balance financial returns with lasting community benefits. Tune in to discover how REPP 2 is poised to make a significant impact in providing clean, reliable energy access to millions across the continent.

Artificial intelligence is reshaping our world—but at what cost to our planet? In this episode, we dig into the overlooked environmental footprint of AI and the massive energy demands of data centers in vulnerable communities. We explore why sustainability needs to be baked into AI development from the start, and how environmental justice must be part of the conversation. If we don't plan responsibly, the same communities already facing the brunt of climate change could bear the hidden costs of AI's rapid growth.With special guest Yejide Olutosin, a sustainable finance strategist and clean energy leader with over a decade of experience shaping energy policies, supporting ESG investment strategies, and promoting environmental justice. She has helped mobilize millions of dollars in public and private capital to expand clean energy access, improve grid resilience, and drive policy reforms in more than 10 countries across Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and the Americas. She has also guided individuals and institutions in aligning their financial assets with climate goals, informed by her background in private wealth management and climate finance strategy. Yejide's work connects financial systems with frontline communities, offering a global, equity-focused perspective on how capital can serve as a tool for resilience and change.Support the showLove the podcast? Subscribe and follow to never miss an episode.Linkedin | Twitter | Facebook | Instagram | Join our mailing list

It's In the News.. a look at the top headlines and stories in the diabetes community. This week's top stories: FDA approves the first fast-acting biosimilar insulin in the US, Tandem issues warning, DOJ stands up for remote monitoring in schools, GLP1 use protects against dementia, and more! Find out more about Moms' Night Out  Please visit our Sponsors & Partners - they help make the show possible! Learn more about Gvoke Glucagon Gvoke HypoPen® (glucagon injection): Glucagon Injection For Very Low Blood Sugar (gvokeglucagon.com) Omnipod - Simplify Life Learn about Dexcom   Check out VIVI Cap to protect your insulin from extreme temperatures The best way to keep up with Stacey and the show is by signing up for our weekly newsletter: Sign up for our newsletter here Here's where to find us: Facebook (Group) Facebook (Page) Instagram Twitter Check out Stacey's books! Learn more about everything at our home page www.diabetes-connections.com  Reach out with questions or comments: info@diabetes-connections.com Episode transcription with links:   Hello and welcome to Diabetes Connections In the News! I'm Stacey Simms and every other Friday I bring you a short episode with the top diabetes stories and headlines happening now. XX We've got the first and only biosimilar FDA approved and moving to market. Kirsty – insulin aspart, which is a biosimilar to Novolog will be available as a single-patient-use prefilled pen for subcutaneous use and a multiple-dose vial for subcutaneous and intravenous use. KIRSTY has been available in Europe and Canada since 2022. This same company makes Semglee, the first biosimilar for long acting? Sales of Insulin Aspart in the United States were approximately $1.9 billion in 2024, according to IQVIA. https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2025/07/15/3115973/0/en/Biocon-Biologics-Expands-Diabetes-Portfolio-with-FDA-Approval-of-Kirsty-the-First-and-Only-Interchangeable-Rapid-Acting-Insulin-Aspart-in-the-United-States.html XX Tandem Diabetes Care (Nasdaq:TNDM) has issued an urgent medical device correction for some t:slim X2 automated insulin pumps. In a July 22 notice, the San Diego-based company warned of pumps that may exhibit a higher rate of speaker failure. During normal use, the insulin pump software monitors current flowing through the speaker during use. Measurements that fall within a pre-determined range indicate a functioning speaker. Meanwhile, measurements falling outside the range indicate a speaker failure.   When the measurements land outside the expected range, the system declares a malfunction, referred to as “Malfunction 16.” If the pump declares this malfunction, insulin delivery will stop and the pump will no longer be operational. Malfunction 16 terminates communication between the pump and continuous glucose monitor (CGM), as well as the t:slim mobile app.   If not addressed, the issue can lead to hyperglycemia, which can result in hospitalization or medical intervention. The company reports 700 adverse events and 59 reported injuries to date, with no reports of death.   Tandem identified that certain speaker versions have a higher rate of Malfunction 16 events due to a wiring issue within the speaker. Users can continue using their pump but with added precautions because Malfunction 16 can occur at any time. They should use the t:slim mobile app with push notifications turned on so the app alerts them if the malfunction occurs, the company said.   Additionally, Tandem intends to release a software update aimed at enhancing the early detection of speaker failure. The update also introduces persistent vibration alarms to help reduce potential safety risk. Tandem plans to notify affected pump users when it makes the update available. https://www.drugdeliverybusiness.com/tandem-warns-insulin-pump-speaker-malfunction/ XX BIG WIN! The DOJ protects T1D rights again! The US Attorney's office for the Western District of Washington State reached a settlement with a public school district that once again confirms remotely monitoring students' CGMs is a reasonable accommodation that schools must provide to comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act. If its true for one state its true for all states under federal law! If your local schools still refuse to remotely monitor CGMs of their students, provide them with this letter to compel them to FOLLOWT1Ds and FOLLOW Federal Laws. If they still refuse contact us! https://followt1ds.org/ XX new study finds people taking GLP-1 agonists had a significantly lower cumulative risk of developing dementia, when compared to metformin users. Past studies show that people who have type 2 diabetes — a chronic condition where the body does not use its insulin properly — are at a higher risk of developing dementia. The study found that when comparing the neuroprotective abilities of two diabetes medications — metformin and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 agonists) — participants taking GLP-1 agonists had a significantly lower cumulative risk of developing dementia, when compared to metformin.   https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/glp-1s-may-offer-better-dementia-protection-than-metformin XX Front office changes coming to Dexcom.  CEO Kevin Sayer will step down  & give the reins to current Chief Operating Officer Jake Leach. Scheduled for January 1, 2026, Leach will also join Dexcom's board of directors where Sayer will remain  executive chairman. One of our frequent guests here.. Leach has worked at Dexcom for 21 years. He served as chief technology officer from 2018 to 2022 before he was named COO in late 2022. He was given the title of president in May. https://www.medtechdive.com/news/dexcom-ceo-change-kevin-sayer-jake-leach/756382/ XX A major international study has revealed that many children and young adults in Sub-Saharan Africa who are diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D) may actually have a different, non-immune-based form of the condition. Unlike the traditional autoimmune version of T1D, this form appears to develop without the immune system attacking the insulin-producing cells. This finding could significantly reshape how diabetes is diagnosed and treated across the region, potentially leading to more precise care and better health outcomes. The researchers found that many young people in Sub-Saharan Africa diagnosed with T1D often don't have the usual markers in their blood (called islet autoantibodies) typically seen in people with T1D in other parts of the world. Specifically, 65% of participants with T1D in this region did not have islet autoantibodies. When the researchers compared this data to studies in the U.S., they found a smaller but significant proportion (15%) of Black participants diagnosed with T1D had a similar form of diabetes found in Sub-Saharan Africa – characterized by negative autoantibodies and a low T1D genetic risk score.   However, white Americans with T1D showed the typical autoimmune pattern, even if they didn't have detectable autoantibodies, their genetics still pointed to autoimmune diabetes.   “The identification of this T1D diabetes subtype in Sub-Saharan African populations and among individuals of African ancestry in the U.S. suggests a potential ancestral or genetic link,” Dabelea notes. “These findings highlight the need to consider alternative etiologies in this group and a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms may provide important insights for future prevention and treatment strategies.”     https://scitechdaily.com/new-diabetes-subtype-discovered-in-africa-challenges-global-assumptions/   XX Formal recognition for the specialty of Diabetology.   Diabetology is the specialty focused on the full continuum of diabetes care — encompassing diagnosis, treatment, prevention, technology integration, education, and cardiometabolic management. While it intersects with endocrinology, primary care, and public health, diabetology is uniquely defined by its depth and focus on diabetes alone.       The American College of Diabetology (ACD) is the national professional organization representing clinicians who specialize in diabetes care. ACD advances clinical excellence and education to improve the lives of those affected by diabetes. https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20250725766248/en/American-College-of-Diabetology-Announces-Formal-Taxonomy-Classification-for-Diabetology   XX Tidepool announces cloud-to-cloud integration with Abbott's FreeStyle Libre portfolio. From the release: This integration allows people living with diabetes using the FreeStyle Libre portfolio to connect their data to their Tidepool account seamlessly. For healthcare providers, this means more comprehensive insights and streamlined workflows, with FreeStyle Libre systems data flowing continuously into the Tidepool Data Platform. https://www.tidepool.org/blog/abbott-freestyle-libre-integration-launched XX Stelo dexom ai food XX With high drug prices remaining an ongoing concern for U.S. politicians, Roche is considering following in the footsteps of some of its peers with a direct-to-consumer (DTC) model to cut out the middlemen.     About 50% of the money spent on drugs in the U.S. healthcare system goes straight to PBMs instead of the companies that create the medicines, Roche CEO Thomas Schinecker called out in a press conference on Thursday.   Bringing the drugs directly to the consumer could be a solution to positively impact pricing for patients “without destroying innovation,” Schinecker added on a separate Thursday call with investors, noting that the company has discussed the matter with the U.S. government and its Department of Health and Human Services. The pricing talks come after President Donald Trump inked a “Most Favored Nation” executive order in May, aiming to tie U.S. drug prices to lower prices in other developed nations. The plan was quickly called out by industry voices such as the PhRMA trade group, which labeled it a “bad deal” for U.S. patients. https://www.fiercepharma.com/pharma/roche-weighing-direct-consumer-drug-sales-ease-us-drug-pricing-woes-cut-out-pbms-ceo-says XX SAB BIO secures substantial $175M financing to advance T1D therapy with impressive investor lineup and extended cash runway until 2028. Most critically, this financing fully funds the pivotal Phase 2b SAFEGUARD study evaluating SAB-142 for delaying progression of autoimmune Type 1 diabetes in newly diagnosed patients. By extending the cash runway into mid-2028, SAB has effectively eliminated near-term financing risk and provided clear visibility through this crucial clinical trial and potential commercialization preparation. Participation from strategic investor Sanofi, along with new investors RA Capital Management, Commodore Capital, Vivo Capital, Blackstone Multi-Asset Investing, Spruce Street Capital, Forge Life Science Partners and Woodline Partners LP, and existing investors Sessa Capital, the T1D Fund, and ATW Partners         https://www.stocktitan.net/news/SABS/sab-bio-announces-oversubscribed-175-million-private-fwsf2t91ek4z.html   XX In a landmark 14-year study, researchers have found that artificially sweetened drinks raise the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by more than a third, significantly higher than those loaded with sugar. It challenges the long-standing perception of diet drinks being a healthier alternative and suggests they may carry metabolic risks of their own. In the first longitudinal study of its kind, led by Monash University, researchers tracked 36,608 participants over an average period of 13.9 years to assess how both sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) impacted health outcomes. The self-reported health data, from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study, was drawn from participants aged 40 to 69 years at the time of recruitment.   What they found was that drinking just one can of artificially sweetened soda increased the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 38%, compared to people who didn't consume these drinks at all. For those consuming the same amount of sugary drinks, the risk was 23% higher. This suggests there's more than obesity at play. The researchers believe this result is due to an independent metabolic effect, possibly gut microbiome disruption or a change in glucose metabolism.   While the study didn't identify which artificial sweeteners were at play,   Evidence suggests that artificial sweeteners can alter the composition and function of gut bacteria, leading to glucose intolerance – a precursor to type 2 diabetes. And that some sweeteners may trigger insulin release, desensitize metabolic responses over time, or confuse the body's glucose regulation system – even without actual sugar in the picture.   Another hypothesis is that regular exposure to the kind of intense sweetness that artificial products deliver may condition the body to anticipate sugar calories that never come, affecting appetite regulation, insulin sensitivity and broader metabolic pathways. However, the authors suggest that how sweeteners affect the gut microbiota and glucose regulation are the most likely drivers of increased diabetes risk.   https://newatlas.com/diet-nutrition/one-drink-diabetes-risk/ XX After months of deliberation, information gathering and public testimony, a state board unanimously agreed Monday that two common medications for type-2 diabetes and other conditions appear to pose an affordability challenge to the state and Marylanders.   The state Prescription Drug Affordability Board approved two resolutions saying that prescription drugs Jardiance and Farxiga likely pose an “an affordability challenge for the state health care system” and the state should look for ways to bring down those costs.   Health care advocates call the long-awaited resolution an “important first step” in the process in bringing down prescription costs for those on the state's health plan.       That milestone has been years in the making. Created in 2019 by the General Assembly, the Prescription Drug Affordability Board was slow to launch due in part to a veto from former Gov. Larry Hogan (R) amid pandemic-induced economic uncertainty in 2020 that delayed the board's formation. The board also cited out-of-pocket costs for consumers and state and local spending on those drugs as indicators that there may be an affordability challenge.   The board will now look at options to address the potential affordability challenge, which could include setting an upper payment limit on those drugs. But it's not clear when the state will see cost savings.   That said, some members of the health care system and the pharmaceutical industry say that policies such as upper payment limits could weaken access to life-saving drugs. Others say that the board has not engaged enough viewpoints from the health care industry. https://marylandmatters.org/2025/07/29/state-board-determines-two-type-2-diabetes-drugs-may-be-unaffordable/   XX One year after it was revealed that Chrissy Teigen and John Legend's son, Miles, was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, Teigen is revealing how she's making her son feel more included. Teigen first opened up about her 7-year-old son's diagnosis after she and her two oldest kids, Miles and 9-year-old daughter Luna were at the 2024 summer Olympics cheering on Simone Biles. Teigen posted a photo of Miles and Luna holding up a sign. Also visible in the picture was the insulin pump on Miles' arm. Now, Teigen is sharing some insight into how she's making Miles more comfortable with having type 1 diabetes, including giving LeBron James' Barbie doll type 1 diabetes as well. In a video shared on Instagram, Teigen is seen taking the T1D Barbie, removing her insulin pump and gluing the pump onto LeBron James' Barbie. “Turning T1D Barbie into T1D Lebron James for my son,” Teigen captioned the video, revealing James is Miles' hero. 41 million followers https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/articles/chrissy-teigen-gives-lebron-james-154608782.html  

The JNIM branch of al-Qaeda is one of the world's deadliest jihadist groups. It has firmly planted its flag in the Sahel. Sub-Saharan Africa has emerged as a key battlefront for jihadists: around 50 percent of deaths from terrorism in 2024 were registered in the Sahel region alone, according to the Global Terrorism Index. JNIM is an eclectic yet united coalition, rooted in the tribal desert regions of Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso. We look into its leaders, its narrative, and its modus operandi, and analyse the complexity of a region beleaguered by military coups, ethnic violence, and climate change.Contributors: Barry Marston, Jacob Boswall Producer: Kriszta Satori, Elchin Suleymanov Presenter: Krassi Ivanova Twigg

[SciDev.Net] – Following up on our previous episode that explored the funding disparities faced by women in STEM across Africa, this episode of Africa Science Focus explores the ongoing efforts to foster gender inclusion within science granting councils.In this episode, our reporters Ogechi Ekeanyanwu and Titilope Fadare speak with councils across Africa to understand the steps being taken to build a more inclusive research ecosystem.Thomas Kaluvi, an officer at the National Commission for Science and Technology in Malawi, tells us about an internal review that revealed gender imbalances in team composition in previous research projects, discouraging women from participating.In response, the council introduced a funding quota for women and vulnerable groups to encourage their participation in research projects.   Hildegalda Mushi, a senior researcher at the Tanzania Commission for Science and Technology (COSTECH), explains that the council developed a research grant manual that enabled men and women to compete on equal terms.She adds that the commission also launched a special funding call for women-led projects, to encourage more female researchers to take the lead in research activities.In Ghana, Mavis Akuffobea-Essilfie, a senior research scientist at the Science and Technology Policy Research Institute, tells us the council is forming focal groups to monitor progress and promote consistent integration of gender considerations across its research system.To ensure the efforts across councils are sustainable, Lorenza Fluks, senior research specialist at South Africa's Human Sciences Research Council, explains that a gender equality policy framework was developed to guide future work, embedding gender inclusion into funding, collaborations, and research outcomes.-------------------This podcast was supported by the Science Granting Councils Initiative which aims to strengthen the institutional capacities of 18 public science funding agencies in Sub-Saharan Africa.Africa Science Focus is produced by SciDev.Net and distributed in association with your local radio station. Do you have any comments, questions or feedback about our podcast episodes? Let us know at podcast@scidev.net

Aubrey converses with Dr. Neliswa Gogela – First Black Female Hepatologist in Sub-Saharan Africa, about the importance of World Hepatitis Day, what it is, how it can treated and why its important to have a regular check up for it. The Aubrey Masango Show is presented by late night radio broadcaster Aubrey Masango. Aubrey hosts in-depth interviews on controversial political issues and chats to experts offering life advice and guidance in areas of psychology, personal finance and more. All Aubrey’s interviews are podcasted for you to catch-up and listen. Thank you for listening to this podcast from The Aubrey Masango Show. Listen live on weekdays between 20:00 and 24:00 (SA Time) to The Aubrey Masango Show broadcast on 702 https://buff.ly/gk3y0Kj and on CapeTalk between 20:00 and 21:00 (SA Time) https://buff.ly/NnFM3Nk Find out more about the show here https://buff.ly/lzyKCv0 and get all the catch-up podcasts https://buff.ly/rT6znsn Subscribe to the 702 and CapeTalk Daily and Weekly Newsletters https://buff.ly/v5mfet Follow us on social media: 702 on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TalkRadio702 702 on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@talkradio702 702 on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/talkradio702/ 702 on X: https://x.com/Radio702 702 on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@radio702 CapeTalk on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@capetalk CapeTalk on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ CapeTalk on X: https://x.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@CapeTalk567 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In this Mission Matters episode, Adam Torres interviews Samuel Njuguna, CEO & Founder of Chumz App, about how his savings and investment platform uses gamification and behavioral psychology to promote financial inclusion across Sub-Saharan Africa. With over $50 million saved toward 1 million+ goals, Sam shares his mission to make saving seamless, social, and culturally relevant—starting with Kenya and expanding across the continent. This interview is part of the Milken Global Conference coverage by Mission Matters. Big thanks to the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Milken Institute⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ for inviting us to cover the conference. Follow Adam on Instagram at ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.instagram.com/askadamtorres/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ for up to date information on book releases and tour schedule. Apply to be a guest on our podcast: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://missionmatters.lpages.co/podcastguest/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Visit our website: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://missionmatters.com/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠More FREE content from Mission Matters here: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://linktr.ee/missionmattersmedia Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In this Mission Matters episode, ⁠Adam Torres⁠ interviews ⁠Samuel Njuguna⁠, CEO & Founder of Chumz App, about how his savings and investment platform uses gamification and behavioral psychology to promote financial inclusion across Sub-Saharan Africa. With over $50 million saved toward 1 million+ goals, Sam shares his mission to make saving seamless, social, and culturally relevant—starting with Kenya and expanding across the continent. This interview is part of the Milken Global Conference coverage by Mission Matters. Big thanks to the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Milken Institute⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ for inviting us to cover the conference. Follow Adam on Instagram at ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.instagram.com/askadamtorres/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ for up to date information on book releases and tour schedule. Apply to be a guest on our podcast: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://missionmatters.lpages.co/podcastguest/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Visit our website: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://missionmatters.com/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠More FREE content from Mission Matters here: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://linktr.ee/missionmattersmedia⁠ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

After a two-to-three-year hiatus following the pandemic, Chinese money is once again flowing into the African energy sector. Billions of dollars in new investment and construction contracts for power facilities were registered in the first half of the year, particularly in Nigeria, according to new data published by Griffiths University in Australia and the Green Finance and Development Center in Beijing. These new contracts and investments will bolster China's already formidable presence in the continent's energy market, where Chinese-backed projects account for approximately 23 GW of installed generation capacity across at least 27 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa – nearly 20 percent of the region's total. Naa Adjekai Adjei, CGSP's non-resident fellow for Africa, is examining the operational aspects of Chinese-backed power projects in Africa for a new bi-weekly series that encompasses everything from project pitching to financing and construction. Adjekai joins Eric & Cobus to explain why China's role in African energy development remains poorly understood despite its sizable presence. SHOW NOTES: The China-Global South Project: Motives That Matter: The Economic and Strategic Logic Behind China's Power Sector Engagement in Africa by Naa Adjekai Adjei The China-Global South Project: Inside China's Power Play: Understanding the Institutions Behind Africa's Energy Projects by Naa Adjekai Adjei The Conversation: How to negotiate infrastructure deals with China: four things African governments need to get right by Folashadé Soulé JOIN THE DISCUSSION: X: @ChinaGSProject | @eric_olander  Facebook: www.facebook.com/ChinaAfricaProject YouTube: www.youtube.com/@ChinaGlobalSouth Now on Bluesky! Follow CGSP at @chinagsproject.bsky.social FOLLOW CGSP IN FRENCH AND ARABIC: Français: www.projetafriquechine.com | @AfrikChine Arabic: عربي: www.alsin-alsharqalawsat.com | @SinSharqAwsat JOIN US ON PATREON! Become a CGSP Patreon member and get all sorts of cool stuff, including our Week in Review report, an invitation to join monthly Zoom calls with Eric & Cobus, and even an awesome new CGSP Podcast mug! www.patreon.com/chinaglobalsouth

The JNIM branch of al-Qaeda is one of the world's deadliest jihadist groups. It has firmly planted its flag in the Sahel. Sub-Saharan Africa has emerged as a key battlefront for jihadists: around 50 percent of deaths from terrorism in 2024 were registered in the Sahel region alone, according to the Global Terrorism Index. JNIM is an eclectic yet united coalition, rooted in the tribal desert regions of Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso. We look into its leaders, its narrative, and its modus operandi, and analyse the complexity of a region beleaguered by military coups, ethnic violence, and climate change.Contributors: Barry Marston, Jacob Boswall Producer: Kriszta Satori, Elchin Suleymanov Presenter: Krassi Ivanova Twigg

Michael Ferrari is Chief Scientific and Investment Officer at AlphaGeo. We focused on how resilience varies across geographies and what this means for long term regional investability. Accompanying this discussion is their web app. This is confronting. If you change the time slider to "End of Century", most of the world is red, indicating significant physical climate risk.Particularly alarming is when you change the toggle to "Resilience Adjusted Risk". This intensifies the red color in some parts of the world - Sub Saharan Africa, India, Pakistan, Yemen, Papua New Guinea and along the coast from French Guiana to Venezuela. This indicates that these countries have low resilience and limited capacity to combat the effects of climate change. There are implications here for population migrations, as illustrated by AlphaGeo here with regard to Africa. The conversation then turned to another app, produced in collaboration with Washington Post. Here one can input your location in the US and you will be given useful information from the perspective of a property investor on long term risk and resilience. Parag Khanna is the CEO. He has given several interesting TED talks such as how megacities are changing the map of the world.Perhaps the most fascinating idea of all though from Parag is Periodic Table of States, details here. For this analysis it all comes down to stability and they rank Eritrea as worst with a score of 2.36. They rank Switzerland best at 21.77. Overall, a fascinating crash course from Michael on the kind of spatial finance I like - using geography to inform investment decisions. It was a case of meeting my idols. I am glad we were able to hit it off and am keen to see what develops.

How has the media distorted Israel's response to the October 7 Hamas attacks? In this powerful conversation from AJC Global Forum 2025, award-winning journalist and former AP correspondent Matti Friedman breaks down the media bias, misinformation, and double standards shaping global coverage of Israel. Moderated by AJC Chief Communications and Strategy Officer Belle Etra Yoeli, this episode explores how skewed narratives have taken hold in the media, in a climate of activist journalism. A must-listen for anyone concerned with truth in journalism, Israel advocacy, and combating disinformation in today's media landscape. Take Action: Take 15 seconds and urge your elected leaders to send a clear, united message: We stand with Israel. Take action now. Resources: Global Forum 2025 session with Matti Friedman:: Watch the full video. Listen – AJC Podcasts: The Forgotten Exodus: Untold stories of Jews who left or were driven from Arab nations and Iran People of the Pod:  Latest Episodes:  John Spencer's Key Takeaways After the 12-Day War: Air Supremacy, Intelligence, and Deterrence Iran's Secret Nuclear Program and What Comes Next in the Iranian Regime vs. Israel War Why Israel Had No Choice: Inside the Defensive Strike That Shook Iran's Nuclear Program Follow People of the Pod on your favorite podcast app, and learn more at AJC.org/PeopleofthePod You can reach us at: peopleofthepod@ajc.org If you've appreciated this episode, please be sure to tell your friends, and rate and review us on Apple Podcasts or Spotify. Transcript of the Interview: Manya Brachear Pashman: I've had the privilege of interviewing journalism colleague Matti Friedman: twice on this podcast. In 2022, Matti took listeners behind the scenes of Jerusalem's AP bureau where he had worked between 2006 and 2011 and shared some insight on what happens when news outlets try to oversimplify the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Then in 2023, I got to sit down with Matti in Jerusalem to talk about his latest book on Leonard Cohen and how the 1973 Yom Kippur War was a turning point both for the singer and for Israel.  Earlier this year, Matti came to New York for AJC Global Forum 2025, and sat down with Belle Yoeli, AJC Chief Strategy and Communications Officer. They rehashed some of what we discussed before, but against an entirely different backdrop: post-October 7. For this week's episode, we bring you a portion of that conversation.  Belle Yoeli:   Hi, everyone. Great to see all of you. Thank you so much for being here. Matti, thank you for being here.  Matti Friedman:   Thanks for having me.  Belle Yoeli:   As you can tell by zero empty seats in this room, you have a lot of fans, and unless you want to open with anything, I'm going to jump right in. Okay, great.  So for those of you who don't know, in September 2024 Matti wrote a piece in The Free Press that is a really great foundation for today's discussion. In When We Started to Lie, Matti, you reflect on two pieces that you had written in 2015 about issues of media coverage of Israel during Operation Protective Edge in 2014. And this piece basically talked about the conclusions you drew and how they've evolved since October 7. We're gonna get to those conclusions, but first, I'm hoping you can describe for everyone what were the issues of media coverage of Israel that you first identified based on the experience in 2014? Matti Friedman:   First of all, thanks so much for having me here, and thanks for all of the amazing work that you guys are doing. So it's a real honor for me. I was a reporter for the AP, between 2006 and the very end of 2011, in Jerusalem. I was a reporter and editor. The AP, of course, as you know, is the American news agency. It's the world's largest news organization, according to the AP, according to Reuters, it's Reuters. One of them is probably right, but it's a big deal in the news world.  And I had an inside view inside one of the biggest AP bureaus. In fact, the AP's biggest International Bureau, which was in Jerusalem. So I can try to sketch the problems that I saw as a reporter there. It would take me seven or eight hours, and apparently we only have four or five hours for this lunch, so I have to keep it short. But I would say there are two main problems. We often get very involved. When we talk about problems with coverage of Israel. We get involved with very micro issues like, you call it a settlement. I call it a neighborhood. Rockets, you know, the Nakba, issues of terminology. But in fact, there are two major problems that are much bigger, and because they're bigger, they're often harder to see. One of the things that I noticed at the Bureau was the scale of coverage of Israel. So at the time that I was at the AP, again, between 2006 and the very end of 2011 we had about 40 full time staffers covering Israel. That's print reporters like me, stills photographers, TV crews. Israel, as most of you probably know, is a very small country. As a percentage of the world's surface, Israel is 1/100 of 1% of the surface of the world, and as a percentage of the land mass of the Arab world, Israel is 1/5 of 1%. 0.2%.  And we had 40 people covering it.  And just as a point of comparison, that was dramatically more people than we had at the time covering China. There are about 10 million people today in Israel proper, in China, there are 1.3 billion. We had more people in Israel than we had in China. We had more people in Israel than we had in India, which is another country of about 1.3 billion people. We had more people in Israel than we had in all of the countries of Sub-Saharan Africa. That's 50 something countries. So we had more people in Israel than we had in all of those countries combined. And sometimes I say that to Jews, I say we covered Israel more than we covered China, and people just stare at me blankly, because it's Israel. So of course, that makes perfect sense.  I happen to think Israel is the most important country in the world because I live there. But if the news is meant to be a rational analysis of events on planet Earth, you cannot cover Israel more than you cover the continent of Africa. It just doesn't make any sense. So one of the things that first jumped out at me– actually, that's making me sound smarter than I am. It didn't jump out at me at first. It took a couple of years. And I just started realizing that it was very strange that the world's largest organization had its largest international bureau in the State of Israel, which is a very small country, very small conflict in numeric terms. And yet there was this intense global focus on it that made people think that it was the most important story in the world. And it definitely occupies a place in the American political imagination that is not comparable to any other international conflict.  So that's one part of the problem. That was the scope, the other part was the context. And it took me a while to figure this out, but the coverage of Israel is framed as an Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The conflict is defined in those terms, the Israeli Palestinian conflict, and everyone in this room has heard it discussed in those terms. Sometimes we discuss it in those terms, and that is because the news folks have framed the conflict in those terms. So at the AP bureau in Jerusalem, every single day, we had to write a story that was called, in the jargon of the Bureau, Is-Pals, Israelis, Palestinians. And it was the daily wrap of the Israeli Palestinian conflict. So what Netanyahu said, what Abbas said, rockets, settlers, Hamas, you know, whatever, the problem is that there isn't an Israeli=Palestinian conflict. And I know that sounds crazy, because everyone thinks there is.  And of course, we're seeing conflicts play out in the most tragic way right now in Gaza. But most of Israel's wars have not been fought against Palestinians. Israel has unfortunately fought wars against Egyptians and Jordanians and Lebanese and Iraqis. And Israel's most important enemy at the moment, is Iran, right? The Iranians are not Palestinian. The Iranians are not Arab. They're Muslim, but they're not Arab. So clearly, there is a broader regional conflict that's going on that is not an Israeli Palestinian conflict, and we've seen it in the past year. If we had a satellite in space looking down and just following the paths of ballistic missiles and rockets fired at Israel. Like a photograph of these red trails of rockets fired at Israel. You'd see rockets being fired from Iraq and from Yemen and from Lebanon and from Gaza and from Iran. You'd see the contours of a regional conflict.  And if you understand it's a regional conflict, then you understand the way Israelis see it. There are in the Arab world, 300 million people, almost all of them Muslim. And in one corner of that world, there are 7 million Jews, who are Israelis. And if we zoom out even farther to the level of the Islamic world, we'll see that there are 2 billion people in the Islamic world. There's some argument about the numbers, but it's roughly a quarter of the world's population. And in one corner of that world there, there are 7 million Israeli Jews. The entire Jewish population on planet Earth is a lot smaller than the population of Cairo.  So the idea that this is an Israeli-Palestinian conflict, where Israelis are the stronger side, where Israelis are the dominant actor, and where Israelis are, let's face it, the bad guy in the story, that's a fictional presentation of a story that actually works in a completely different way. So if you take a small story and make it seem big. If you take a complicated regional story and you make it seem like a very small local story involving only Israelis and Palestinians, then you get the highly simplified but very emotive narrative that everyone is being subjected to now. And you get this portrayal of a villainous country called Israel that really looms in the liberal imagination of the West as an embodiment of the worst possible qualities of the age. Belle Yoeli:   Wow. So already you were seeing these issues when you were reporter, earlier on. But like this, some of this was before and since, since productive edge. This is over 10 years ago, and here we are. So October 7 happens. You already know these issues exist. You've identified them. How would you describe because obviously we have a lot of feelings about this, but like, strictly as a journalist, how would you describe the coverage that you've seen since during October 7, in its aftermath? Is it just these issues? Have they? Have they expanded? Are there new issues in play? What's your analysis? Matti Friedman:   The coverage has been great. I really have very I have no criticism of it. I think it's very accurate. I think that I, in a way, I was lucky to have been through what I went through 10 or 15 years ago, and I wasn't blindsided on October 7, as many people were, many people, quite naturally, don't pay close attention to this. And even people who are sympathetic to Israel, I think, were not necessarily convinced that my argument about the press was right. And I think many people thought it was overstated.  And you can read those articles from 2014 one was in tablet and one was in the Atlantic, but it's basically the two chapters of the same argument. And unfortunately, I think that those the essays, they stand up. In fact, if you don't really look at the date of the essays, they kind of seem that they could have been written in the past year and a half. And I'm not happy about that. I think that's and I certainly wrote them in hopes that they would somehow make things better. But the issues that I saw in the press 15 years ago have only been exacerbated since then. And October seven didn't invent the wheel. The issues were pre existing, but it took everything that I saw and kind of supercharged it.  So if I talked about ideological conformity in the bureaus that has been that has become much more extreme. A guy like me, I was hired in 2006 at the AP. I'm an Israeli of center left political leanings. Hiring me was not a problem in 22,006 by the time I left the AP, at the end of 2011 I'm pretty sure someone like me would not have been hired because my views, which are again, very centrist Israeli views, were really beyond the pale by the time that I left the AP, and certainly, and certainly today, the thing has really moved what I saw happening at the AP. And I hate picking on the AP because they were just unfortunate enough to hire me. That was their only error, but what I'm saying about them is true of a whole new. Was heard. It's true of the Times and CNN and the BBC, the news industry really works kind of as a it has a herd mentality. What happened was that news decisions were increasingly being made by people who are not interested in explanatory journalism. They were activists. Activists had moved into the key positions in the Bureau, and they had a very different idea of what press coverage was supposed to do. I would say, and I tried to explain it in that article for the free press, when I approach a news story, when I approach the profession of journalism, the question that I'm asking is, what's going on? That's the question I think you're supposed to ask, what's going on? How can I explain it in a way that's as accurate as as possible? The question that was increasingly being asked was not what's going on. The question was, who does this serve? That's an activist question. So when you look at a story, you don't ask, is it true, or is it not true? You ask, who's it going to help? Is it going to help the good guys, or is it going to help the bad guys?  So if Israel in the story is the villain, then a story that makes Israel seem reasonable, reasonable or rational or sympathetic needs to be played down to the extent possible or made to disappear. And I can give you an example from my own experience.  At the very end of 2008 two reporters in my bureau, people who I know, learned of a very dramatic peace offer that Prime Minister Ehud Olmert had made to the Palestinians. So Olmert, who was the prime minister at the time, had made a very far reaching offer that was supposed to see a Palestinian state in all of Gaza, most of the West Bank, with land swaps for territory that Israel was going to retain, and a very far reaching international consortium agreement to run the Old City of Jerusalem. Was a very dramatic. It was so far reaching, I think that Israelis probably wouldn't have supported it. But it was offered to the Palestinian side, and the Palestinians rejected it as insufficient. And two of our reporters knew about this, and they'd seen a map of the offer. And this was obviously a pretty big story for a bureau that had as the thrust of its coverage the peace process.  The two reporters who had the story were ordered to drop it, they were not allowed to cover the story. And there were different explanations. And they didn't, by the way, AP did not publish the story at the time, even though we were the first to have it. Eventually, it kind of came out and in other ways, through other news organizations. But we knew at first. Why were we not allowed to cover it? Because it would have made the Israelis who we were trying to villainize and demonize, it would have made Israel seem like it was trying to solve the conflict on kind of reasonable lines, which, of course, was true at that time. So that story would have upended the thrust of our news coverage. So it had to be made to go away, even though it was true, it would have helped the wrong people. And that question of who does this serve has destroyed, I want to say all, but much, of what used to be mainstream news coverage, and it's not just where Israel is concerned.  You can look at a story like the mental health of President Biden, right. Something's going on with Biden at the end of his term. It's a huge global news story, and the press, by and large, won't touch it, because why? I mean, it's true, right? We're all seeing that it's true, but why can't you touch it? Because it would help the wrong people. It would help the Republicans who in the press are the people who you are not supposed to help.  The origins of COVID, right? We heard one story about that. The true story seems to be a different story. And there are many other examples of stories that are reported because they help the right people, or not reported because they would help the wrong people. And I saw this thinking really come into action in Israel 10 or 15 years ago, and unfortunately, it's really spread to include the whole mainstream press scene and really kill it.  I mean, essentially, anyone interested in trying to get a solid sense of what's going on, we have very few options. There's not a lot, there's not a lot out there. So that's the broader conclusion that I drew from what I thought at the time was just a very small malfunction involving Israel coverage. But Israel coverage ends up being a symptom of something much bigger, as Jews often are the symptom of something much bigger that's going on.  So my problems in the AP bureau 15 years ago were really a kind of maybe a canary in the coal mine, or a whiff of something much bigger that we were all going to see happen, which is the transformation of the important liberal institutions of the west into kind of activist arms of a very radical ideology that has as its goal the transformation of the west into something else. And that's true of the press, and it's true of NGO world, places like Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International, which were one thing 30 years ago and are something very different today. And it's also true of big parts of the academy. It's true of places like Columbia and places like Harvard, they still have the logo, they still have the name, but they serve a different purpose, and I just happen to be on the ground floor of it as a reporter. Belle Yoeli:   So obviously, this concept of who does this serve, and this activist journalism is deeply concerning, and you actually mentioned a couple other areas, academia, obviously we're in that a lot right now in terms of what's going on campus. So I guess a couple of questions on that. First of all, think about this very practically, tachlis, in the day to day.  I'm a journalist, and I go to write about what's happening in Gaza. What would you say is, if you had to throw out a percentage, are all of them aware of this activist journalist tendency? Or you think it's like, like intentional for many of them, or it's sort of they've been educated that way, and it's their worldview in such a way that they don't even know that they're not reporting the news in a very biased way. Does that make sense? Matti Friedman:   Totally. I think that many people in the journalism world today view their job as not as explaining a complicated situation, but as swaying people toward the correct political conclusion. Journalism is power, and the power has to be wielded in support of justice. Now, justice is very slippery, and, you know, choosing who's in the right is very, very slippery, and that's how journalism gets into a lot of trouble. Instead of just trying to explain what's going on and then leave, you're supposed to leave the politics and the activism to other people. Politics and activism are very important.  But unless everyone can agree on what is going on, it's impossible to choose the kind of act, the kind of activism that would be useful. So when the journalists become activists, then no one can understand what's what's going on, because the story itself is fake, and there are many, many examples of it. But you know, returning to what you asked about, about October 7, and reporting post October 7, you can really see it happen. The massacres of October 7 were very problematic for the ideological strain that now controls a lot of the press, because it's counterintuitive. You're not supposed to sympathize with Israelis.  And yet, there were a few weeks after October 7 when they were forced to because the nature of the atrocities were so heinous that they could not be ignored. So you had the press covering what happened on October 7, but you could feel it. As someone who knows that scene, you could feel there was a lot of discomfort. There was a lot of discomfort. It wasn't their comfort zone, and you knew that within a few weeks, maybe a month, it was gonna snap back at the first opportunity.  When did it snap back? In the story of the Al Ahli hospital strike. If you remember that a few weeks in, there's a massive global story that Israel has rocketed Hospital in Gaza and killed about 500 people and and then you can see the kind of the comfort the comfort zone return, because the story that the press is primed to cover is a story about villainous Israelis victimizing innocent Palestinians, and now, now we're back. Okay. Now Israel's rocketing hospital. The problem was that it hadn't happened, and it was that a lot of stories don't happen, and they're allowed to stand.  But this story was so far from the truth that even the people involved couldn't make it work, and it had to be retracted, but it was basically too late. And then as soon as the Israeli ground offensive got into swing in Gaza, then the story really becomes the same old story, which is a story of Israel victimizing Palestinians for no reason. And you'll never see Hamas militants in uniform in Gaza. You just see dead civilians, and you'll see the aftermath of a rocket strike when the, you know, when an Israeli F16 takes out the launcher, but you will never see the strike. Which is the way it's worked in Gaza since the very end of 2008 which is when the first really bad round of violence in Gaza happens, which is when I'm at the AP.  As far as I know, I was the first staffer to erase information from the story, because we were threatened by Hamas, which happened at the very end of 2008. We had a great reporter in Gaza, a Palestinian who had always been really an excellent reporter. We had a detail in a story. The detail was a crucial one. It was that Hamas fighters were dressed as civilians and were being counted as civilians in the death toll, an important thing to know, that went out in an AP story. The reporter called me a few hours later. It was clear that someone had spoken to him, and he told me, I was on the desk in Jerusalem, so I was kind of writing the story from the main bureau in Jerusalem. And he said, Matti, you have to take that detail out of the story. And it was clear that someone had threatened him. I took the detail out of the story. I suggested to our editors that we note in an Editor's Note that we were now complying with Hamas censorship. I was overruled, and from that point in time, the AP, like all of its sister organizations, collaborates with Hamas censorship in Gaza.  What does that mean? You'll see a lot of dead civilians, and you won't see dead militants. You won't have a clear idea of what the Hamas military strategy is. And this is the kicker, the center of the coverage will be a number, a casualty number, that is provided to the press by something called the Gaza health ministry, which is Hamas. And we've been doing that since 2008, and it's a way of basically settling the story before you get into any other information. Because when you put, you know, when you say 50 Palestinians were killed, and one Israeli on a given day, it doesn't matter what else you say. The numbers kind of tell their own story, and it's a way of settling the story with something that sounds like a concrete statistic. And the statistic is being, you know, given to us by one of the combatant sides. But because the reporters sympathize with that side, they're happy to play along. So since 2008, certainly since 2014 when we had another serious war in Gaza, the press has not been covering Gaza, the press has been essentially an amplifier for one of the most poisonous ideologies on Earth. Hamas has figured out how to make the press amplify its messaging rather than covering Hamas. There are no Western reporters in Gaza. All of the reporters in Gaza are Palestinians, and those people fall into three categories. Some of them identify with Hamas. Some of them are intimidated by Hamas and won't cross Hamas, which makes a lot of sense. I wouldn't want to cross Hamas either. So either. And the third category is people who actually belong to Hamas. That's where the information from Gaza is coming from. And if you're credulous, then of course, you're going to get a story that makes Israel look pretty bad. Belle Yoeli:   So this is very depressing. That's okay. It's very helpful, very depressing. But on that note, I would ask you so whether, because you spoke about this problem in terms, of, of course, the coverage of Israel, but that it's it's also more widespread you talk, you spoke about President Biden in your article, you name other examples of how this sort of activist journalism is affecting everything we read. So what should everyone in this room be reading, truly, from your opinion. This is Matti's opinion. But if you want to you want to get information from our news and not activist journalism, obviously The Free Press, perhaps. But are there other sites or outlets that you think are getting this more down the line, or at least better than some, some better than others?  Matti Friedman:   No, it's just The Free Press. No. I mean, it's a question that I also wrestle with. I haven't given up on everyone, and even in publications that have, I think, largely lost the plot, you'll still find good stuff on occasion. So I try to keep my eye on certain reporters whose name I know. I often ask not just on Israel, but on anything, does this reporter speak the language of the country that they're covering? You'd be shocked at how rare that is for Americans. A lot of the people covering Ukraine have no idea what language they speak in Ukraine, and just as someone who covers Israel, I'm aware of the low level of knowledge that many of the Western reporters have. You'll find really good stuff still in the Atlantic. The Atlantic has managed, against steep odds, to maintain its equilibrium amid all this. The New Yorker, unfortunately, less so, but you'll still see, on occasion, things that are good. And there are certain reporters who are, you know, you can trust. Isabel Kirchner, who writes for The New York Times, is an old colleague of mine from the Jerusalem report. She's excellent, and they're just people who are doing their job. But by and large, you have to be very, very suspicious of absolutely everything that you read and see. And I'm not saying that as someone who I'm not happy to say that, and I certainly don't identify with, you know, the term fake news, as it has been pushed by President Trump.  I think that fake news is, you know, for those guys, is an attempt to avoid scrutiny. They're trying to, you know, neuter the watchdog so that they can get away with whatever they want. I don't think that crowd is interested in good press coverage. Unfortunately, the term fake news sticks because it's true. That's why it has worked. And the press, instead of helping people navigate the blizzard of disinformation that we're all in, they've joined it. People who are confused about what's going on, should be able to open up the New York Times or go to the AP and figure out what's going on, but because, and I saw it happen, instead of covering the circus, the reporters became dancing bears in the circus. So no one can make heads or tails of anything. So we need to be very careful.  Most headlines that are out there are out there to generate outrage, because that's the most predictable generator of clicks, which is the, we're in a click economy. So I actually think that the less time you spend following headlines and daily news, the better off you'll be. Because you can follow the daily news for a year, and by the end of the year, you'll just be deranged. You'll just be crazy and very angry.  If you take that time and use it to read books about, you know, bitten by people who are knowledgeable, or read longer form essays that are, you know, that are obviously less likely to be very simplistic, although not, you know, it's not completely impossible that they will be. I think that's time, that's time better spent. Unfortunately, much of the industry is kind of gone. And we're in an interesting kind of interim moment where it's clear that the old news industry is basically dead and that something new has to happen. And those new things are happening. I mean, The Free Press is part of a new thing that's happening. It's not big enough to really move the needle in a dramatic way yet, but it might be, and I think we all have to hope that new institutions emerge to fill the vacuum.  The old institutions, and I say this with sorrow, and I think that this also might be true of a lot of the academic institutions. They can't be saved. They can't be saved. So if people think that writing an editor, a letter to the editor of the New York Times is going to help. It's not going to help. Sometimes people say, Why don't we just get the top people in the news industry and bring them to Israel and show them the truth? Doesn't help. It's not about knowing or not knowing. They define the profession differently.  So it's not about a lack of information. The institutions have changed, and it's kind of irrevocable at this point, and we need new institutions, and one of them is The Free Press, and it's a great model of what to do when faced with fading institutions. By the way, the greatest model of all time in that regard is Zionism. That's what Zionism is. There's a guy in Vienna in 1890 something, and his moment is incredibly contemporary. There's an amazing biography of Herzl called Herzl by Amos Elon. It's an amazing book. If you haven't read it, you should read it, because his moment in cosmopolitan Vienna sounds exactly like now. It's shockingly current. He's in this friendly city. He's a reporter for the New York Times, basically of the Austro Hungarian empire, and he's assimilated, and he's got a Christmas tree in his house, and his son isn't circumcised, and he thinks everything is basically great. And then the light changes.  He notices that something has changed in Vienna, and the discourse about Jews changes, and like in a Hollywood movie, the light changes. And he doesn't try to he doesn't start a campaign against antisemitism. He doesn't get on social media and kind of rail against unfair coverage. He sits down in a hotel room in Paris and he writes this pamphlet called the Jewish state, and I literally flew from that state yesterday. So there's a Zionist model where you look at a failing world and you think about radical solutions that involve creation. And I think we're there. And I think Herzl's model is a good one at a dark time you need real creativity. Belle Yoeli:   Thank God you found the inspiration there, because I was really, I was really starting to worry. No, in all seriousness, Matti, the saying that these institutions can't be saved. I mean the consequences of this, not just for us as pro-Israel, pro-Jewish advocates, but for our country, for the world, the countries that we come from are tremendous.  And the way we've been dealing with this issue and thinking about how, how can you change hearts and minds of individuals about Israel, about the Jewish people, if everything that they're reading is so damaging and most of what they're reading is so damaging and basically saying there's very little that we can do about that. So I am going to push you to dream big with us. We're an advocacy organization. AJC is an advocacy organization. So if you had unlimited resources, right, if you really wanted to make change in this area, to me, it sounds like you're saying we basically need 15 Free Presses or the new institutions to really take on this way. What would you do? What would you do to try to make it so that news media were more like the old days? Matti Friedman:   Anyone who wants unlimited resources should not go into journalism. I have found that my resources remain limited. I'll give you an answer that is probably not what you're expecting or not what you want here. I think that the fight can't be won. I think that antisemitism can't be defeated. And I think that resources that are poured into it are resources wasted. And of course, I think that people need legal protection, and they need, you know, lawyers who can protect people from discrimination and from defamation. That's very important. But I know that when people are presented with a problem like antisemitism, which is so disturbing and it's really rocking the world of everyone in this room, and certainly, you know, children and grandchildren, you have a problem and you want to address it, right? You have a really bad rash on your arm. You want the rash to go away, and you're willing to do almost anything to make it go away. This has always been with us. It's always been with us.  And you know, we recently celebrated the Seder, and we read in the Seder, in the Haggadah, l'chol dor vador, omdim aleinu l'chaloteinu. Which is, in every generation, they come at us to destroy us. And it's an incredibly depressing worldview. Okay, it's not the way I wanted to see the world when I grew up in Toronto in the 1990s. But in our tradition, we have this idea that this is always gonna be around. And the question is, what do you do? Do you let other people define you? Do you make your identity the fight against the people who hate you? And I think that's a dead end.  This crisis is hitting the Jewish people at a moment when many of us don't know who we are, and I think that's why it's hitting so hard. For my grandfather, who was a standard New York Jew, garment industry, Lower East Side, poor union guy. This would not have shaken him, because he just assumed that this was the world like this. The term Jewish identity was not one he ever heard, because it wasn't an issue or something that had to be taught. So if I had unlimited resources, what I would do is I would make sure that young Jewish people have access to the riches of Jewish civilization, I would, you know, institute a program that would allow any young Jewish person to be fluent in Hebrew by the time they finish college. Why is that so important? Why is that such an amazing key?  Because if you're fluent in Hebrew, you can open a Tanakh, or you can open a prayer book if you want. Or you can watch Fauda or you can get on a plane to Israel and hit on Israeli guys. Hebrew is the key to Jewish life, and if you have it, a whole world will open up. And it's not one that antisemites can interfere with. It does not depend on the goodwill of our neighbors. It's all about us and what we're doing with ourselves. And I think that if you're rooted in Jewish tradition, and I'm not saying becoming religious, I'm just saying, diving into the riches of Jewish tradition, whether it's history or gemara or Israel, or whatever, if you're if you're deep in there enough, then the other stuff doesn't go away, but it becomes less important.  It won't be solved because it can't be solved, but it will fade into the background. And if we make the center of identity the fight against antisemitism, they've won. Why should they be the center of our identity? For a young person who's looking for some way of living or some deep kind of guide to life, the fight against antisemitism is not going to do it, and philanthropy is not going to do it. We come from the wisest and one of the oldest civilizations in the world, and many of us don't know how to open the door to that civilization, and that's in our hands. And if we're not doing it, it's not the fault of the antisemites. It's our own fault. So if I had unlimited resources, which, again, it's not, it's not going to happen unless I make a career change, that's where I would be putting my effort. Internally and not externally.  Belle Yoeli:   You did find the inspiration, though, again, by pushing Jewish identity, and we appreciate that. It's come up a lot in this conversation, this question about how we fight antisemitism, investing in Jewish identity and who we are, and at the same time, what do we do about it? And I think all of you heard Ted in a different context last night, say, we can hold two things, two thoughts at the same time, right? Two things can be true at the same time. And I think for me, what I took out of this, in addition to your excellent insights, is that that's exactly what we have to be doing.  At AJC, we have to be engaging in this advocacy to stand up for the Jewish people and the State of Israel. But that's not the only piece of the puzzle. Of course, we have to be investing in Jewish identity. That's why we bring so many young people to this conference. Of course, we need to be investing in Jewish education. That's not necessarily what AJC is doing, the bulk of our work, but it's a lot of what the Jewish community is doing, and these pieces have to go together. And I want to thank you for raising that up for us, and again, for everything that you said. Thank you all so much for being here. Thank you. Manya Brachear Pashman: If you missed last week's episode, be sure to tune in as John Spencer, Chair of Urban Warfare Studies at West Point, breaks down Israel's high-stakes strike on Iran's nuclear infrastructure and the U.S. decision to enter the fight. 

Exploring Permaculture in Forestry with Andrew Millison | In the Woods Podcast In this episode of 'In the Woods' podcast, hosted by Lauren Grand of Oregon State University's Extension Service, we delve into the application of permaculture principles in forestry. Joined by Andrew Millison, a seasoned permaculture designer and educator, we uncover how permaculture oriented thinking—ranging from road placements to water harvesting and species diversity—can transform forest management for long-term health, productivity, and resilience. Learn about practical examples from Oregon and global insights, including innovative projects in India and Sub-Saharan Africa. Whether you are an experienced forester or a small woodland owner, this episode is packed with actionable insights and advanced strategies to enhance ecological sustainability and economic benefits in forestry. 00:00 Introduction to In the Woods Podcast00:35 Meet Your Host and Today's Topic00:58 Introduction to Permaculture with Andrew Millison02:13 Permaculture Principles in Forestry04:05 Water Harvesting and Road Placement06:05 Long-Term Forest Development and Diversity09:41 Real-World Examples of Permaculture in Action13:00 Permaculture in Global Contexts19:54 Practical Applications for Landowners25:06 Low-Cost, High-Impact Permaculture Techniques30:33 Lightning Round and Final Thoughts34:32 Closing Remarks and Credits

Today we're talking with health and nutrition expert Dr. Stuart Gillespie, author of a new book entitled Food Fight: from Plunder and Profit to People and Planet. Using decades of research and insight gathered from around the world, Dr. Gillespie wants to reimagine our global food system and plot a way forward to a sustainable, equitable, and healthy food future - one where our food system isn't making us sick. Certainly not the case now. Over the course of his career, Dr. Gillespie has worked with the UN Standing Committee on Nutrition in Geneva with UNICEF in India and with the International Food Policy Research Institute, known as IFPRI, where he's led initiatives tackling the double burden of malnutrition and agriculture and health research. He holds a PhD in human nutrition from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. Interview Summary So, you've really had a global view of the agriculture system, and this is captured in your book. And to give some context to our listeners, in your book, you describe the history of the global food system, how it's evolved into this system, sort of warped, if you will, into a mechanism that creates harm and it destroys more than it produces. That's a pretty bold statement. That it destroys more than it produces, given how much the agriculture around the world does produce. Tell us a bit more if you would. Yes, that statement actually emerged from recent work by the Food Systems Economic Commission. And they costed out the damage or the downstream harms generated by the global food system at around $15 trillion per year, which is 12% of GDP. And that manifests in various ways. Health harms or chronic disease. It also manifests in terms of climate crisis and risks and environmental harms, but also. Poverty of food system workers at the front line, if you like. And it's largely because we have a system that's anachronistic. It's a system that was built in a different time, in a different century for a different purpose. It was really started to come together after the second World War. To mass produce cheap calories to prevent famine, but also through the Green Revolution, as that was picking up with the overproduction of staples to use that strategically through food aid to buffer the West to certain extent from the spread of communism. And over time and over the last 50 years of neoliberal policies we've got a situation where food is less and less viewed as a human right, or a basic need. It's seen as a commodity and the system has become increasingly financialized. And there's a lot of evidence captured by a handful of transnationals, different ones at different points in the system from production to consumption. But in each case, they wield huge amounts of power. And that manifests in various ways. We have, I think a system that's anachronistic The point about it, and the problem we have, is that it's a system revolves around maximizing profit and the most profitable foods and products of those, which are actually the least healthy for us as individuals. And it's not a system that's designed to nourish us. It's a system designed to maximize profit. And we don't have a system that really aims to produce whole foods for people. We have a system that produces raw ingredients for industrial formulations to end up as ultra processed foods. We have a system that produces cattle feed and, and biofuels, and some whole foods. But it, you know, that it's so skewed now, and we see the evidence all around us that it manifests in all sorts of different ways. One in three people on the planet in some way malnourished. We have around 12 million adult deaths a year due to diet related chronic disease. And I followed that from colonial times that, that evolution and the way it operates and the way it moves across the world. And what is especially frightening, I think, is the speed at which this so-called nutrition transition or dietary transition is happening in lower income or middle income countries. We saw this happening over in the US and we saw it happening in the UK where I am. And then in Latin America, and then more Southeast Asia, then South Asia. Now, very much so in Sub-Saharan Africa where there is no regulation really, apart from perhaps South Africa. So that's long answer to your intro question. Let's dive into a couple of things that you brought up. First, the Green Revolution. So that's a term that many of our listeners will know and they'll understand what the Green Revolution is, but not everybody. Would you explain what that was and how it's had these effects throughout the food systems around the world? Yes, I mean around the, let's see, about 1950s, Norman Borlag, who was a crop breeder and his colleagues in Mexico discovered through crop breeding trials, a high yielding dwarf variety. But over time and working with different partners, including well in India as well, with the Swaminathan Foundation. And Swaminathan, for example, managed to perfect these new strains. High yielding varieties that doubled yields for a given acreage of land in terms of staples. And over time, this started to work with rice, with wheat, maize and corn. Very dependent on fertilizers, very dependent on pesticides, herbicides, which we now realize had significant downstream effects in terms of environmental harms. But also, diminishing returns in as much as, you know, that went through its trajectory in terms of maximizing productivity. So, all the Malthusian predictions of population growth out running our ability to feed the planet were shown to not to be true. But it also generated inequity that the richest farmers got very rich, very quickly, the poorer farmers got slightly richer, but that there was this large gap. So, inequity was never really properly dealt with through the Green Revolution in its early days. And that overproduction and the various institutions that were set in place, the manner in which governments backed off any form of regulation for overproduction. They continued to subsidize over production with these very large subsidies upstream, meant that we are in the situation we are now with regard to different products are being used to deal with that excess over production. So, that idea of using petroleum-based inputs to create the foods in the first place. And the large production of single crops has a lot to do with that Green Revolution that goes way back to the 1950s. It's interesting to see what it's become today. It's sort of that original vision multiplied by a billion. And boy, it really does continue to have impacts. You know, it probably was the forerunner to genetically modified foods as well, which I'd like to ask you about in a little bit. But before I do that, you said that much of the world's food supply is governed by a pretty small number of players. So who are these players? If you look at the downstream retail side, you have Nestle, PepsiCo, Coca-Cola, General Mills, Unilever. Collectively around 70% of retail is governed by those companies. If you look upstream in terms of agricultural and agribusiness, you have Cargill, ADM, Louis Dreyfus, and Bunge. These change to a certain extent. What doesn't change very much are the numbers involved that are very, very small and that the size of these corporations is so large that they have immense power. And, so those are the companies that we could talk about what that power looks like and why it's problematic. But the other side of it's here where I am in the UK, we have a similar thing playing out with regard to store bought. Food or products, supermarkets that control 80% as Tesco in the UK, Asta, Sainsbury's, and Morrisons just control. You have Walmart, you have others, and that gives them immense power to drive down the costs that they will pay to producers and also potentially increase the cost that they charge as prices of the products that are sold in these supermarkets. So that profit markup, profit margins are in increased in their favor. They can also move around their tax liabilities around the world because they're transnational. And that's just the economic market and financial side on top of that. And as you know, there's a whole raft of political ways in which they use this power to infiltrate policy, influence policy through what I've called in Chapter 13, the Dark Arts of Policy Interference. Your previous speaker, Murray Carpenter, talked about that with regard to Coca-Cola and that was a very, yeah, great example. But there are many others. In many ways these companies have been brilliant at adapting to the regulatory landscape, to the financial incentives, to the way the agriculture system has become warped. I mean, in some ways they've done the warping, but in a lot of ways, they're adapting to the conditions that allow warping to occur. And because they've invested so heavily, like in manufacturing plants to make high fructose corn syrup or to make biofuels or things like that. It'd be pretty hard for them to undo things, and that's why they lobby so strongly in favor of keeping the status quo. Let me ask you about the issue of power because you write about this in a very compelling way. And you talk about power imbalances in the food system. What does that look like in your mind, and why is it such a big part of the problem? Well, yes. And power manifests in different ways. It operates sometimes covertly, sometimes overtly. It manifests at different levels from, you know, grassroots level, right up to national and international in terms of international trade. But what I've described is the way markets are captured or hyper concentrated. That power that comes with these companies operating almost like a cartel, can be used to affect political or to dampen down, block governments from regulating them through what I call a five deadly Ds: dispute or dispute or doubt, distort, distract, disguise, and dodge. And you've written very well Kelly, with I think Kenneth Warner about the links between big food and big tobacco and the playbook and the realization on the part of Big Tobacco back in the '50s, I think, that they couldn't compete with the emerging evidence of the harms of smoking. They had to secure the science. And that involved effectively buying research or paying for researchers to generate a raft of study shown that smoking wasn't a big deal or problem. And also, public relations committees, et cetera, et cetera. And we see the same happening with big food. Conflicts of interest is a big deal. It needs to be avoided. It can't be managed. And I think a lot of people think it is just a question of disclosure. Disclosure is never enough of conflict of interest, almost never enough. We have, in the UK, we have nine regulatory bodies. Every one of them has been significantly infiltrated by big food, including the most recent one, which has just been designated to help develop a national food stretch in the UK. We've had a new government here and we thought things were changing, beginning to wonder now because big food is on that board or on that committee. And it shouldn't be, you know. It shouldn't be anywhere near the policy table anyway. That's so it's one side is conflict of interest. Distraction: I talk about corporate social responsibility initiatives and the way that they're designed to distract. On the one hand, if you think of a person on a left hand is doing these wonderful small-scale projects, which are high visibility and they're doing good. In and off themselves they're doing good. But they're small scale. Whereas the right hand is a core business, which is generating harm at a much larger scale. And the left hand is designed to distract you from the right hand. So that distraction, those sort of corporate CSR initiatives are a big part of the problem. And then 'Disguise' is, as you know, with the various trade associations and front groups, which acted almost like Trojan horses, in many ways. Because the big food companies are paying up as members of these committees, but they don't get on the program of these international conferences. But the front groups do and the front groups act on in their interests. So that's former disguise or camouflage. The World Business Council on Sustainable Development is in the last few years, has been very active in the space. And they have Philip Morris on there as members, McDonald's and Nestle, Coke, everybody, you know. And they deliberately actually say It's all fine. That we have an open door, which I, I just can't. I don't buy it. And there are others. So, you know, I think these can be really problematic. The other thing I should mention about power and as what we've learned more about, if you go even upstream from the big food companies, and you look at the hedge funds and the asset management firms like Vanguard, state Capital, BlackRock, and the way they've been buying up shares of big food companies and blocking any moves in annual general meetings to increase or improve the healthiness of portfolios. Because they're so powerful in terms of the number of shares they hold to maximize profit for pension funds. So, we started to see the pressure that is being put on big food upstream by the nature of the system, that being financialized, even beyond the companies themselves, you know? You were mentioning that these companies, either directly themselves or through their front organizations or the trade association block important things that might be done in agriculture. Can you think of an example of that? Yes, well actually I did, with some colleagues here in the UK, the Food Foundation, an investigation into corporate lobbying during the previous conservative government. And basically, in the five years after the pandemic, we logged around 1,400 meetings between government ministers and big food. Then we looked at the public interest NGOs and the number of meetings they had over that same period, and it was 35, so it was a 40-fold difference. Oh goodness. Which I was actually surprised because I thought they didn't have to do much because the Tory government was never going to really regulate them anyway. And you look in the register, there is meant to be transparency. There are rules about disclosure of what these lobbying meetings were meant to be for, with whom, for what purpose, what outcome. That's just simply not followed. You get these crazy things being written into the those logs like, 'oh, we had a meeting to discuss business, and that's it.' And we know that at least what happened in the UK, which I'm more familiar with. We had a situation where constantly any small piecemeal attempt to regulate, for example, having a watershed at 9:00 PM so that kids could not see junk food advertised on their screens before 9:00 PM. That simple regulation was delayed, delayed. So, delay is actually another D you know. It is part of it. And that's an example of that. That's a really good example. And you've reminded me of an example where Marian Nestle and I wrote an op-ed piece in the New York Times, many years ago, on an effort by the WHO, the World Health Organization to establish a quite reasonable guideline for how much added sugar people should have in their diet. And the sugar industry stepped in in the biggest way possible. And there was a congressional caucus on sugar or something like that in our US Congress and the sugar industry and the other players in the food industry started interacting with them. They put big pressure on the highest levels of the US government to pressure the WHO away from this really quite moderate reasonable sugar standard. And the US ultimately threatened the World Health Organization with taking away its funding just on one thing - sugar. Now, thankfully the WHO didn't back down and ultimately came out with some pretty good guidelines on sugar that have been even stronger over the years. But it was pretty disgraceful. That's in the book that, that story is in the book. I think it was 2004 with the strategy on diet, physical activity. And Tommy Thompson was a health secretary and there were all sorts of shenanigans and stories around that. Yes, that is a very powerful example. It was a crazy power play and disgraceful how our government acted and how the companies acted and all the sort of deceitful ways they did things. And of course, that's happened a million times. And you gave the example of all the discussions in the UK between the food industry and the government people. So, let's get on to something more positive. What can be done? You can see these massive corporate influences, revolving doors in government, a lot of things that would argue for keeping the status quo. So how in the world do you turn things around? Yeah, good question. I really believe, I've talked about a lot of people. I've looked a lot of the evidence. I really believe that we need a systemic sort of structural change and understanding that's not going to happen overnight. But ultimately, I think there's a role for a government, citizens civil society, media, academics, food industry, obviously. And again, it's different between the UK and US and elsewhere in terms of the ability and the potential for change. But governments have to step in and govern. They have to set the guardrails and the parameters. And I talk in the book about four key INs. So, the first one is institutions in which, for example, there's a power to procure healthy food for schools, for hospitals, clinics that is being underutilized. And there's some great stories of individuals. One woman from Kenya who did this on her own and managed to get the government to back it and to scale it up, which is an incredible story. That's institutions. The second IN is incentives, and that's whereby sugar taxes, or even potentially junk food taxes as they have in Columbia now. And reforming the upstream subsidies on production is basically downregulating the harmful side, if you like, of the food system, but also using the potential tax dividend from that side to upregulate benefits via subsidies for low-income families. Rebalancing the system. That's the incentive side. The other side is information, and that involves labeling, maybe following the examples from Latin America with regard to black octagons in Chile and Mexico and Brazil. And dietary guidelines not being conflicted, in terms of conflicts of interest. And actually, that's the fourth IN: interests. So ridding government advisory bodies, guideline committees, of conflicts of interests. Cleaning up lobbying. Great examples in a way that can be done are from Canada and Ireland that we found. That's government. Citizens, and civil society, they can be involved in various ways exposing, opposing malpractice if you like, or harmful action on the part of industry or whoever else, or the non-action on the part of the government. Informing, advocating, building social movements. Lots I think can be learned through activist group in other domains or in other disciplines like HIV, climate. I think we need to make those connections much more. Media. I mean, the other thought is that the media have great, I mean in this country at least, you know, politicians tend to follow the media, or they're frightened of the media. And if the media turned and started doing deep dive stories of corporate shenanigans and you know, stuff that is under the radar, that would make a difference, I think. And then ultimately, I think then our industry starts to respond to different signals or should do or would do. So that in innovation is not just purely technological aimed at maximizing profit. It may be actually social. We need social innovation as well. There's a handful of things. But ultimately, I actually don't think the food system is broken because it is doing the wrong thing for the wrong reason. I think we need to change the system, and I'll say that will take time. It needs a real transformation. One, one last thing to say about that word transformation. Where in meetings I've been in over the last 10 years, so many people invoke food system transformation when they're not really talking about it. They're just talking about tweaking the margins or small, piecemeal ad hoc changes or interventions when we need to kind of press all the buttons or pull all the levers to get the kind of change that we need. And again, as I say, it was going to take some time, but we have to start moving that direction. Do you think there's reason to be hopeful and are there success stories you can point to, to make us feel a little bit better? Yeah, and I like that word, hope. I've just been reading a lot of essays from, actually, Rebecca Solnit has been writing a lot about hope as a warrior emotion. Radical hope, which it's different to optimism. Optimism went, oh, you know, things probably will be okay, but hope you make it. It's like a springboard for action. So I, yes, I'm hopeful and I think there are plenty of examples. Actually, a lot of examples from Latin America of things changing, and I think that's because they've been hit so fast, so hard. And I write in the book about what's happened in the US and UK it's happened over a period of, I don't know, 50, 60 years. But what's happened and is happening in Latin America has happened in just like 15 years. You know, it's so rapid that they've had to respond fast or get their act together quickly. And that's an interesting breed of activist scholars. You know, I think there's an interesting group, and again, if we connect across national boundaries across the world, we can learn a lot from that. There are great success stories coming out Chile from the past that we've seen what's happening in Mexico. Mexico was in a terrible situation after Vicente Fox came in, in the early 2000s when he brought all his Coca-Cola pals in, you know, the classic revolving door. And Mexico's obesity and diabetes went off to scale very quickly. But they're the first country with the sugar tax in 2014. And you see the pressure that was used to build the momentum behind that. Chile, Guido Girardi and the Black Octagon labels with other interventions. Rarely is it just one thing. It has to be a comprehensive across the board as far as possible. So, in Brazil, I think we will see things happening more in, in Thailand and Southeast Asia. We see things beginning to happen in India, South Africa. The obesity in Ghana, for example, changed so rapidly. There are some good people working in Ghana. So, you know, I think a good part of this is actually documenting those kind of stories as, and when they happen and publicizing them, you know. The way you portrayed the concept of hope, I think is a really good one. And when I asked you for some examples of success, what I was expecting you, you might say, well, there was this program and this part of a one country in Africa where they did something. But you're talking about entire countries making changes like Chile and Brazil and Mexico. That makes me very hopeful about the future when you get governments casting aside the influence of industry. At least long enough to enact some of these things that are definitely not in the best interest of industry, these traditional food companies. And that's all, I think, a very positive sign about big scale change. And hopefully what happens in these countries will become contagious in other countries will adopt them and then, you know, eventually they'll find their way to countries like yours and mine. Yes, I agree. That's how I see it. I used to do a lot of work on single, small interventions and do their work do they not work in this small environment. The problem we have is large scale, so we have to be large scale as well. BIO Dr. Stuart Gillespie has been fighting to transform our broken food system for the past 40 years. Stuart is a Non-Resident Senior Fellow in Nutrition, Diets and Health at theInternational Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). He has been at the helm of the IFPRI's Regional Network on AIDs, Livelihoods and Food Security, has led the flagship Agriculture for Nutrition and Health research program, was director of the Transform Nutrition program, and founded the Stories of Change initiative, amongst a host of other interventions into public food policy. His work – the ‘food fight' he has been waging – has driven change across all frontiers, from the grassroots (mothers in markets, village revolutionaries) to the political (corporate behemoths, governance). He holds a PhD in Human Nutrition from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. 

Four years ago I interviewed the serial entrepreneur Ollie Walsh, co founder and CEO of Pipit Global. Since then Pipit Global has grown and last month they were taken over by the American paytech company Qenta. I recently caught up with Ollie who is now the president of Qenta.Ollie talks about the journey Pipit Global went on since we last spoke, Covid, AI, Quanta's takeover of Pipit Global and more.More about Ollie Walsh:Ollie was the CEO of Terraforma, the company behind Pipit Global, and is the president of Qenta. He has twenty years experience developing strategies for Start Ups and SMEs to target new markets and to grow. He specialises in building teams and implementing plans and making them work. Ollie holds a MBS at National University of Ireland, Galway. 

Life sometimes has a funny way of turning out. Sometimes a dire situation presents itself and the outcome is much better than we could have ever imagined. In this particular case, it took a mother to show her true love, courage and support and possibly willingly risk jail time to prove  to her son that she loved him with her whole heart.  While convalescing at home, Chisom finally was courageous enough to come out to his loving parents. Bedridden and home bound after his initial collapse, he was convinced it was time to open up to his parents about his sexuality. At a most vulnerable time in his life, he was scared and nervous about telling his parents the truth, that he was gay.  He was certain that both his parents loved him unconditionally but  was afraid this was going to be too much for them.  "Knowing that my parents loved me so much, made it that much easier to come out to them and be open with them," added Chisom. His mother's response was " I know, I've always known," says my guest.On a grander scale, writing a personal essay about being a member of the LGBTQ community and  having his story published in the NY Times Modern Love Column was frighting.  Possibly the whole world could read it and find out the truth, that Chisom was a member of the gay community. Chisom's essay is an endearing story of his parent's love for their son. His mother, who's name is Gift, is exceptionally open and honest and loving of her son, regardless of his sexual preference. One can only hope, that everyone struggling with coming out to their loved ones, will receive the same openness and acceptance.Chisom's message to his mother "You are a rock star. You are a gift to me. And I love you very much. Words can't describe how much I love you and how much you mean to me. Everything I do, I do it for you. You are always there for me and you always support me. You always tell me to shoot for the stars".**In February 2021, Chisom has hired to be the Deputy Editor and Culture and Technology reporter  of @Livingfree_UK.  https://livingfreeuk.org/"Living Free UK is a registered community interest company founded in 2018 out of the struggles of millions of LGBTIQ+ Africans who are still battling with their sexuality and gender identity, especially in countries where it is still illegal to live their truth and in some cases lose their lives while trying to find liberty and acceptance.Our main aim is to provide support and validate the lived experiences of LGBTIQ+ Africans, people seeking asylum, and refugees. As research shows, there are 72 countries where homosexuality is still a crime and even in the UK, LGBTIQ+ Africans experience immense difficultly when finding a safe space to express themselves freely and openly without fear of racism, afrophobia, or prejudice of any kind. Some are also unable to return home because of the danger that awaits them.**Now a budding journalist and recent nominee for a journalistic award- this is from Chisom's LinkedIn Acct. (March 2022)"Yesterday  was the Future Awards Africa, and I was nominated for the journalism prize and was also the second youngest nominee in the awards. While I didn't win, I'm grateful for the opportunity to be seen.As a young journalist covering policies and minority groups in Nigeria and Sub-Saharan Africa, the work I do can be pretty dangerous, but getting nominated for this is a "stepping stone," as my ma put it. Also, I did receive a certificate of nomination, so yay!!Here is to more extraordinary things in 2022 and beyond because I am just getting started." https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/nigeria/10570304/Nigeria-passes-law-banning-homosexuality.htmlThe Act to Make Provisions for the Prohibition of Relationship Between Persons of the Same Sex, Celebration of Marriage by Them, and for Other Matters Connected Therewith, also known as the Same Sex (Prohibition) Act 2006, was a controversial draft bill that was first put before the both houses of the National Assembly of Nigeria in early 2007. Seven years later, another draft was passed into legislation by president Goodluck Jonathan as the Same Sex Marriage (Prohibition) Act 2013**Link To March 2022 NY Times Modern Love Essay: https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/11/style/modern-love-heart-attack-gay-nigeria.html?https://managingeditor.com/chisom-peter-job-creating-content-for-communities/WEBSITE: https://chisomjob.com/ Twitter: @chisompeterjobInstagram: chisompeterjobLinkedIn:Chisom Peter Job  "Should Have Listened To My Mother" is an ongoing conversation about mothers/female role models and the roles they play in our lives. Jackie's guests are open and honest and answer the question, are you who you are today because of, or in spite of, your mother and so much more. You'll be amazed at what the responses are.Gina Kunadian wrote this 5 Star review on Apple Podcast:SHLTMM TESTIMONIAL GINA KUNADIAN JUNE 18, 2024“A Heartfelt and Insightful Exploration of Maternal Love”Jackie Tantillo's “Should Have Listened To My Mother” Podcast is a treasure and it's clear why it's a 2023 People's Choice Podcast Award Nominee. This show delves into the profound impact mother and maternal role models have on our lives through personal stories and reflections.Each episode offers a chance to learn how different individuals have been shaped by their mothers' actions and words. Jackie skillfully guides these conversations, revealing why guests with similar backgrounds have forged different paths.This podcast is a collection of timeless stories that highlight the powerful role of maternal figures in our society. Whether your mother influenced you positively or you thrived despite challenges, this show resonates deeply.I highly recommend “Should Have Listened To My Mother” Podcast for its insightful, heartfelt and enriching content.Gina Kunadian"Should Have Listened To My Mother" would not be possible without the generosity, sincerity and insight from my guests. In 2018/2019, in getting ready to launch my podcast, so many were willing to give their time and share their personal stories of their relationship with their mother, for better or worse and what they learned from that maternal relationship. Some of my guests include Nationally and Internationally recognized authors, Journalists, Columbia University Professors, Health Practitioners, Scientists, Artists, Attorneys, Baritone Singer, Pulitzer Prize Winning Journalist, Activists, Freighter Sea Captain, Film Production Manager, Professor of Writing Montclair State University, Attorney and family advocate @CUNY Law; NYC First Responder/NYC Firefighter, Child and Adult Special Needs Activist, Property Manager, Chefs, Self Help Advocates, therapists and so many more talented and insightful women and men.Jackie has worked in the broadcasting industry for over four decades. She has interviewed many fascinating people including musicians, celebrities, authors, activists, entrepreneurs, politicians and more.A big thank you goes to Ricky Soto, NYC based Graphic Designer, who created the logo for "Should Have Listened To My Mother".Check out our website for more background information: https://www.jackietantillo.com/Or more demos of what's to come at https://soundcloud.com/jackie-tantilloLink to website and show notes: https://shltmm.simplecast.com/Or Find SHLTMM Website here: https://shltmm.simplecast.com/Listen wherever you find podcasts: https://www.facebook.com/ShouldHaveListenedToMyMotherhttps://www.facebook.com/jackietantilloInstagram:https://www.instagram.com/shouldhavelistenedtomymother/https://www.instagram.com/jackietantillo7/LinkedIn:https://www.linkedin.com/in/jackie-tantillo/YOUTUBE: https://www.youtube.com/@ShouldHaveListenedToMyMother

Does foreign aid work, or does it merely trap countries in poverty? Each year, billions are spent, yet 692 million people still live in extreme poverty. From success stories like South Korea to struggles in Sub-Saharan Africa, we explore why aid often fails to stimulate economic growth, the hidden pitfalls of dependency, and what occurs when the funding ceases. Curious about the truth behind foreign aid? Watch now and join the debate! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

You followed the rules. You checked all the boxes. So why does it still feel like you're living someone else's dream?In this Best Of episode, host Kim Anderson revisits one of the most powerful and soul-stirring conversations from last summer with travel blogger and content creator Bea Mitiner of Bea Adventurous.Bea had it all: a high-powered corporate job, a successful marriage, and the kind of life that checked all the boxes. But something didn't feel right. So she made the boldest decision of her life - she left it all behind to travel, create, and pursue a life that actually felt like hers.In this episode, you'll hear how Bea sold everything, ended her marriage, and set off on a year-long journey across Sub-Saharan Africa to build a travel business rooted in meaning and connection. She shares the raw truths of that leap - what it cost her, what it gave her, and how it reshaped everything.WHAT YOU'LL LEARN:Why leaving a “good life” can be the hardest decision of allHow to build a business aligned with your values, not just your resumeWhy redefining success means going beyond money, metrics, and titlesIf you've ever looked around and wondered, “Is this really it?”—this episode is your sign.Press play and get inspired to build a life that feels like your own.RESOURCES:Connect with Bea: Instagram & Bea_Adventurous Travel Blog⚡ ROUND BOOK: Ten Lessons From the Road by Allistair HumphreyLOVE THIS & WANT MORE? Check out these stories from other corporate girlies turned travel entrepreneurs:Behind the Scenes of a Delta Brand Ambassador: From Corporate Girlie to Full-Time Travel Creator w/ Janelle on a Jet #129The Ultimate Guide for Travel Content Creators: How to Pitch Brands, Get Paid, and Grow Your Social Media Following w/ Leona Marlene #140The Realities of Entrepreneurship & Turning Your Passion Into Profit w/ Travel Girl Gang Creator, Ashley Jones #97Want travel tips and a behind-the-scenes look at the podcast? SIGN UP for our weekly newsletter here! It's just the good stuff, I promise. No spam here. Support the showMore Travel with Less Money—Download Your FREE GUIDE & Start Exploring! Let's connect on Instagram! @DesignHerTravel Get $20 when you Sign-Up for Buzzsprout Please Note: I may earn a small commission when purchasing through these links. It doesn't cost you anything extra but does help support the show.

The Romans were familiar with Africa. At one point, they controlled everything on the north coast of Africa from Morocco to Egypt.  However, below their African territories was the vast Sahara Desert, which was extremely difficult to cross. For all practical purposes, it served as a permeable barrier between the people above and below the desert.  As such, historians have wondered just how much the people above and below the Sahara knew about each other.  Learn more about  Rome and Sub-Saharan Africa, and what contact they had with each other on this episode of Everything Everywhere Daily. Sponsors Newspapers.com Get 20% off your subscription to Newspapers.com Mint Mobile Cut your wireless bill to 15 bucks a month at mintmobile.com/eed Quince Go to quince.com/daily for 365-day returns, plus free shipping on your order! Stitch Fix Go to stitchfix.com/everywhere to have a stylist help you look your best Tourist Office of Spain Plan your next adventure at Spain.info  Stash Go to get.stash.com/EVERYTHING to see how you can receive $25 towards your first stock purchase and to view important disclosures. Subscribe to the podcast!  https://everything-everywhere.com/everything-everywhere-daily-podcast/ -------------------------------- Executive Producer: Charles Daniel Associate Producers: Austin Oetken & Cameron Kieffer   Become a supporter on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/everythingeverywhere Update your podcast app at newpodcastapps.com Discord Server: https://discord.gg/UkRUJFh Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/everythingeverywhere/ Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/everythingeverywheredaily Twitter: https://twitter.com/everywheretrip Website: https://everything-everywhere.com/  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices