Podcasts about responsible nutrition

Today we will be covering an essential nutrient for our brain, body, and nervous system, promoting memory, mood, muscle control, and many more cellular functions.Since it is our 600th Episode we have invited a true legend in the health and wellness space to help us better understand the Lifelong Guardian and that is Choline.Tom Druke is a veteran of the consumer-packaged goods industry, having spent 10+ years in product management roles at Reckitt Benckiser® and Wyeth® Consumer Healthcare prior to joining Balchem in 2013.Tom leads the VitaCholine business, driving key science, innovation and B2B/B2C marketing initiatives at Balchem Human Health and Nutrition. He served for several years as the chair of the Council for Responsible Nutrition's (CRN) Consumer Survey Advisory Committee and has been a frequent contributor to dietary supplement trade magazines.  He earned his BA from Dartmouth College and his MBA from NYU's Stern School of Business and during his free time he enjoys astronomy and enjoying the great outdoors.Learn more on the research on VitaCholineLearn More about Emerald Labs Products

Kathryn interviews Author Ronald F. Levant PhD. Why are some men so problematic—unable to describe how they feel, neglecting their health, exploding in rage, and resorting to violence when their manhood is questioned? An internationally recognized psychologist and past president of the American Psychological Association, Dr. Ronald F. Levant has devoted most of his professional career to finding the answer. He now reveals how his work has been driven by his quest to understand men like his abusive father and his perplexing behavior. He shares his personal story—starting with a childhood marked by beatings and fear, followed by an adolescence defined by drinking and delinquent behavior, and a young adulthood marred by depression—to inspire and guide other trauma survivors, especially fathers and sons, as well as the women who love and suffer with them. He earned his doctorate in Clinical Psychology and Public Practice from Harvard University and has served on the faculties of Boston University, where he directed the nationally prominent Father Project.Kathryn also interviews Registered Dietician Karen E. Todd RD.With 'explosive growth' forecasted for the cognitive enhancing nootropic 'smart' food, beverage and supplement market expected to nearly triple to $8.2 Billion by 2032, brain health is clearly a 'top of mind' concern for throngs of wellness-seekers. Registered Dietician Karen E. Todd is here to discuss why nootropics are gaining in popularity as an easy, nutrition-driven way to support brain health and improve cognitive function at any age through one's diet. She has over 25 years of experience in exercise performance and nutritional product development and education. She holds Bachelor of Science degrees in both Scientific Nutrition and Food Science Technology from Texas A&M University and an MBA from Nova Southeastern University. Karen is the Vice President of Global Brand Marketing for Kyowa Hakko and sits on the executive board of the Council for Responsible Nutrition and chairs the Women in Nutraceuticals (WIN) initiative.

Kathryn interviews Author Ronald F. Levant PhD. Why are some men so problematic—unable to describe how they feel, neglecting their health, exploding in rage, and resorting to violence when their manhood is questioned? An internationally recognized psychologist and past president of the American Psychological Association, Dr. Ronald F. Levant has devoted most of his professional career to finding the answer. He now reveals how his work has been driven by his quest to understand men like his abusive father and his perplexing behavior. He shares his personal story—starting with a childhood marked by beatings and fear, followed by an adolescence defined by drinking and delinquent behavior, and a young adulthood marred by depression—to inspire and guide other trauma survivors, especially fathers and sons, as well as the women who love and suffer with them. He earned his doctorate in Clinical Psychology and Public Practice from Harvard University and has served on the faculties of Boston University, where he directed the nationally prominent Father Project.Kathryn also interviews Registered Dietician Karen E. Todd RD.With 'explosive growth' forecasted for the cognitive enhancing nootropic 'smart' food, beverage and supplement market expected to nearly triple to $8.2 Billion by 2032, brain health is clearly a 'top of mind' concern for throngs of wellness-seekers. Registered Dietician Karen E. Todd is here to discuss why nootropics are gaining in popularity as an easy, nutrition-driven way to support brain health and improve cognitive function at any age through one's diet. She has over 25 years of experience in exercise performance and nutritional product development and education. She holds Bachelor of Science degrees in both Scientific Nutrition and Food Science Technology from Texas A&M University and an MBA from Nova Southeastern University. Karen is the Vice President of Global Brand Marketing for Kyowa Hakko and sits on the executive board of the Council for Responsible Nutrition and chairs the Women in Nutraceuticals (WIN) initiative.

Captain Cran Man KISC My Health Stephen Lukawski and Karen Todd Building Fortunes Radio with guest host Peter Mingils.  On this show Karen Todd, a board member with the CRN ( Council for Responsible Nutrition ) and also Women in Nutraceuticals (WIN) for visibility of women in the industry Kisc My Health Building Fortunes Radio with Peter Mingils and Stephen Lukawski for making the world a better place. You can hear Captain Cranman Stephen Lukawski. Stephen Lukawski is the owner and CEO of RSSI Research Science Specialty Ingredients Inc. Over the past 30 years Stephen Lukawski has worked with several North American dietary supplement companies in the nutraceutical industry to help them connect with others in order to generate ingredient sales through innovative delivery systems and effective marketing and brand management strategies. In the nutraceutical industry a balance between helping companies grow their business while contributing to the health and well being of others is a great legacy to leave behind. https://www.buildingfortunesradio.com/kisc-my-health-captain-cranman-stephen-lukawski/ https://kiscmyhealth.com is the site that will have some other resources. Catch Stephen Lukawski on Linked In and Building Fortunes Radio

In our latest podcast episode, we extract valuable insights from a recent Council for Responsible Nutrition conference. We tackle the hot-button issue of industry sponsorship and its potential sway on research trials. How can we ensure transparency, communication, and uphold the independence of safety boards? Through an engaging conversation, we address these essential questions and underscore the need for collaboration between industry and academic centers to maintain the integrity of research methods.We stress the importance of a radically transparent approach and a priori registration of methods to uphold the highest ethical standards. We also explore the intricacies of FDA regulation within the supplement industry, the necessity for continuous learning, and the value of challenging one's beliefs. So, tune in to our engrossing conversation and discover how you can stay ahead in the fast-paced world of integrative medicine research.Learn more and become a member at www.DrJournalClub.comCheck out our complete offerings of NANCEAC-approved Continuing Education Courses.

According to the Council for Responsible Nutrition in the United States, hundreds of thousands of medical events related to chronic diseases could be avoided with the use of supplements. The report showed how taking omega-3 was especially effective in reducing cardiovascular events and hospitalizations. It turns out that 80% of Americans already take supplements, and that number would be similar in Canada. Dr. Martin is quite concerned about the legislation recently passed in Canada that would restrict access to supplements. Join Dr. Martin as he discusses the report in today's episode.  

The latest episode of the A100 podcast features Steve Mister, Esq., CAE, President & CEO of the Council for Responsible Nutrition. Having been with CRN for almost 20 years and in the association space for over 30, you won't want to miss his insights on leading an association and how associations can bring value to their members.  He talks about CRN's mantra, “Responsible is our middle name,” and says that is something the association and its members truly try to live out. He highlights how they work with their members to create voluntary guidelines to ensure science-backed consumer safety. As an association you can bring all of your industry leaders together and they can develop a best practice and then everybody agrees to implement it. This isn't something individual companies can just do on their own and it allows industry to lead the way rather than government regulations. CRN is celebrating its 50th anniversary this year. Steve shares their plans to celebrate this huge  milestone and reflects on how the industry and the association has evolved. He also shares best practices for both leading and working in the association world.  Subscribe today so you never miss out on future episodes. Follow along for best practices, top trends, helpful ideas, and smart strategies and tactics that work in the world of associations:  Twitter: @association100  LinkedIn: /company/the-association-100

After the Elephant Recap: Trade Media/Associations PanelIn the trade media/association “After the Elephant” discussion of “Identifying the Elephant in the Room: Critical Communications Strategies in the Face of Sexism','' host of Late Night Health Radio, Mark Alyn, moderated the conversation with guests: Hank Shultz, senior editor at Natural Products Insider, Katrina Tolentino, executive director at Naturally Network, and Craig M. Muckle, senior director of communications at Council for Responsible Nutrition, to respond and discuss session one of the sexism seminar series and challenge other leaders in the industry to do some deep work to make meaningful and fundamental changes when it comes to sexism within the natural products industry. The discussion included some key takeaways and memorable moments including:Tolentino: “When we're having these conversations, what we're actually trying to do is bridge the gap, whether its a generation gap or its a gender gap.”Muckle: “The United States is based on freedom, but some people feel like they have more freedom than others.”Shultz stressed the need for equality: “If you want full equality, there has to be equality across all categories, if not, everyone's diminished.” Tolentino gave a concrete example of sexism that's often overlooked: “Ignoring an email from a woman because you didn't like the opinion that she had… that has an effect.” Further noting that because we are so used to sexism in our daily lives that, “we're looking for overt and much more damaging behaviors to call out,” while missing the more common dismissive actions. Additionally she noted, “Obedience sounds a lot like respect to men,” pointing out that, “when women have an opinion and it's different from a man's opinion, it's seen as disrespect.” Alyn admitted that, “I'm doing things that I don't realize that I'm doing and I want to learn.” Session One Action Items:Introduce her in a group.Invite her to the VIP event.Cultivate female sources for stories.Have conversations vs. presentations.Call it out if the boss has a poor response.Discuss sexism issues with leadership.Keep producing diversity content.Keep inviting people. Don't give up.Don't be surprised by her title, respect it.Don't tell her to "check with her husband" or call her "honey."Be part of the change and help us say #GoodbyeElephants by learning more at https://inicivox.com.

After the Elephant Recap: Trade Media/Associations PanelIn the trade media/association “After the Elephant” discussion of “Identifying the Elephant in the Room: Critical Communications Strategies in the Face of Sexism','' host of Late Night Health Radio, Mark Alyn, moderated the conversation with guests: Hank Shultz, senior editor at Natural Products Insider, Katrina Tolentino, executive director at Naturally Network, and Craig M. Muckle, senior director of communications at Council for Responsible Nutrition, to respond and discuss session one of the sexism seminar series and challenge other leaders in the industry to do some deep work to make meaningful and fundamental changes when it comes to sexism within the natural products industry. The discussion included some key takeaways and memorable moments including:Tolentino: “When we're having these conversations, what we're actually trying to do is bridge the gap, whether its a generation gap or its a gender gap.”Muckle: “The United States is based on freedom, but some people feel like they have more freedom than others.”Shultz stressed the need for equality: “If you want full equality, there has to be equality across all categories, if not, everyone's diminished.” Tolentino gave a concrete example of sexism that's often overlooked: “Ignoring an email from a woman because you didn't like the opinion that she had… that has an effect.” Further noting that because we are so used to sexism in our daily lives that, “we're looking for overt and much more damaging behaviors to call out,” while missing the more common dismissive actions. Additionally she noted, “Obedience sounds a lot like respect to men,” pointing out that, “when women have an opinion and it's different from a man's opinion, it's seen as disrespect.” Alyn admitted that, “I'm doing things that I don't realize that I'm doing and I want to learn.” Session One Action Items:Introduce her in a group.Invite her to the VIP event.Cultivate female sources for stories.Have conversations vs. presentations.Call it out if the boss has a poor response.Discuss sexism issues with leadership.Keep producing diversity content.Keep inviting people. Don't give up.Don't be surprised by her title, respect it.Don't tell her to "check with her husband" or call her "honey."Be part of the change and help us say #GoodbyeElephants by learning more at https://inicivox.com.

36:22 In the first episode of a special series, Mark Alyn moderates the trade media/association "After the Elephant" panel discussion of "Identifying the Elephant in the Room: Critical Communications Strategies in the Face of Sexism" with thought leaders in the natural products industry. Session 1 Guests: Hank Shultz, senior editor at Natural Products Insider, Katrina Tolentino, executive director at Naturally Network, and Craig M. Muckle, senior director of communications at Council for Responsible Nutrition.

Brian Wommack is responsible for overseeing the development and execution of the Council for Responsible Nutrition's (CRN) overall strategic communications efforts and is entrusted to enhance and protect the reputation of the dietary supplement industry. Under his leadership, CRN's communications team is reimagining its member communication strategy and has launched new initiatives to proactively promote responsible industry and provide consumer education.He has more than 25 years of experience helping organizations and brands see around corners and solve problems—or seize opportunities—at the intersection of communications, public policy, and law. He draws on a long tenure as a communications consultant, time as a lobbyist and congressional staffer, and work as a lawyer. He serves as an industry strategist and advisor, an industry spokesperson, and as a coach and mentor to members and staff on accomplishing goals through communications initiatives. After years of working for clients across many industries in issues management and crisis work, he is particularly gratified at being able to build up equity and trust for this thriving and vital industry over the long haul as it helps consumers improve their health and wellness.

Are several converging consumer trends finally putting enough pressure towards getting a public health tax policy approved that's more than a decade in the making? Public health? Taxes? I know what you're thinking, but I assure you that how these topics relate to the supplement industry is quite important. It revolves around reclassifying certain meal replacement products and dietary supplements, that do have FDA approved health claims, to be permissible medical care expenditures for reimbursement within tax-favored Health Savings Accounts (known as HSAs) and Flexible Spending Accounts (known as FSAs). This is the heart of an argument that goes back more than a decade when a coalition that included the American Herbal Products Association, Herbalife International, GNC, Council for Responsible Nutrition, and several other large companies and trade organizations began working with a bi-partisan group of lawmakers to introduce legislation promoting tax parity for certain meal replacement products and dietary supplements under HSAs and FSAs. To give some additional insider color to this topic, I had a recorded discussion (included in content) with my good friend John Venardos, the former VP of worldwide regulatory & government affairs for Herbalife International, that was a major player in that coalition at the time. Fact is, it shouldn't have been difficult historically to understand why establishing tax deductibility for certain products that promote a healthy lifestyle, weight loss or disease prevention, is an important public health policy initiative, but consider how the importance has been supercharged because of the “COVID-19 Effect.” While this is a tax question wrapped around a public health matter, I wish the legislative branch of the government would zoom out and just try to focus on asking the hard questions around root causes that are related to obesity. We are in desperate need of a comprehensive strategy to encourage healthy nutrition and to fight obesity. An extremely high percentage of all deaths in the United States are related to poor diet and physical inactivity. These are about incentivizing the right daily choices. Maybe that starts with tax deductibility for certain products that promote a healthy lifestyle, weight loss or disease prevention or maybe it doesn't but we need to start thinking about improving nutrition and physical activity of the mainstream population. FOLLOW ME ON MY SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS LINKEDIN - https://www.linkedin.com/in/joshuaschallmba TWITTER - https://www.twitter.com/joshua_schall INSTAGRAM - https://www.instagram.com/joshua_schall FACEBOOK - https://www.facebook.com/jschallconsulting MEDIUM - https://www.medium.com/@joshuaschall

Hi friends! This episode is featuring Dr. Robert Lustig! Did you know fructose is a mitochondrial toxin? We discuss metabolic health, sugar and fructose's effects on the body and mitochondria, food addiction, and much more! Robert H. Lustig, M.D., MSL, is professor of pediatrics in the Division of Endocrinology and a member of the Institute for Health Policy Studies at University of California, San Francisco. He has authored 120 peer-reviewed articles and 70 reviews. He has mentored 30 pediatric endocrine fellows and trained numerous other allied health professionals. He is the former chairman of the Obesity Task Force of the Pediatric Endocrine Society, a member of the Obesity Task Force of the Endocrine Society, and a member of the Pediatric Obesity Devices Committee of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. He is also the president of the nonprofit Institute for Responsible Nutrition, dedicated to reversing childhood obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. He consults for several childhood obesity advocacy groups and government agencies. Order the NEW BOOK Metabolical Here Get Your FREE ebook on keto: https://www.ketogenicgirl.com/pages/free-ebook Try the Higher Protein Keto Meal Plans & Coaching: https://www.ketogenicgirl.com Special thank you to Fast Keto sponsors: BiOptimizers Magnesium Breakthrough: www.magbreakthrough.com/fastketo10 or use the code "FASTKETO" to save 10% on your order! You have a 365 day money back guarantee if you are not 100% satisfied! Try it for yourself at www.magbreakthrough.com/fastketo10 or use the code "FASTKETO" to save 10% on your order! - Butcher Box! Right now, new members one pack of FREE bacon in every box for the life of your membership when you sign up at butcherbox.com/fastketo. That's one pack of FREE bacon in EVERY box for the life of your subscription when you go to ButcherBox.com/fastketo - Prior to beginning a ketogenic diet you should undergo a health screening with your physician to confirm that a ketogenic diet is suitable for you and to rule out any conditions and contraindications that may pose risks or are incompatible with a ketogenic diet[, including by way of example: conditions affecting the kidneys, liver or pancreas; muscular dystrophy; pregnancy; breast-feeding; being underweight; eating disorders; any health condition that requires a special diet [other conditions or contraindications]; hypoglycemia; or type 1 diabetes. A ketogenic diet may or may not be appropriate if you have type 2 diabetes, so you must consult with your physician if you have this condition. Anyone under the age of 18 should consult with their physician and their parents or legal guardian before beginning such a diet]. Use of Ketogenic Girl videos are subject to the Ketogenicgirl.com Terms of Use and Medical Disclaimer. All rights reserved. If you do not agree with these terms, do not listen to, or view any Ketogenic Girl podcasts or videos.

The ALL ME® Podcast Council for Responsible Nutrition  - Amanda Darlington Here at the ALL ME Podcast, we spend a lot of time talking about the world of Dietary Supplements. Many of those topics focus on the consumer side of the industry, but what about the supplier side? Today we are talking with Amanda Darlington from the Council for Responsible Nutrition. The CRN is a trade association representing over 190 dietary supplement and functional food manufacturers, ingredient suppliers, and companies providing services to those manufacturers and suppliers. CRN companies produce a large portion of the dietary supplements marketed across the globe. Their mission is to sustain and enhance a climate for their members to responsibly develop, manufacture and market dietary supplements, functional food and their ingredients. They do this by ensuring their companies comply with a host of federal and state regulations governing dietary supplements and food in the areas of manufacturing, marketing, quality control and safety, while also agreeing to adhere to additional CRN voluntary guidelines and Code of Ethics. As the Director of Government Relations, Amanda works with state and federal legislators and regulators to advocate CRN's positions, which are the perspectives of their member companies and the industry. She builds and works with coalitions of industries and organizations with similar legislative and regulatory objectives while collaborating with their member companies and getting them looped-in and up-to-date on these initiatives. We will talk with Amanda about what current legislation she is working on, the current state of Dietary Supplement regulation, what changes she would like to see in the industry, and how we can all work together to create a safe and healthy Dietary Supplement marketplace for both consumers and suppliers. Resource Definitions and Links: Council for Responsible Nutrition:   CRN Supplement OWL (Online Wellness Library): Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994: National Institute of Health's Office of Dietary Supplements: FDA Dietary Supplement Page: Dopinglinkki Social Media Pages: Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 (Farm Bill): Follow Us: Twitter:  @theTHF Instagram:  @theTHF Facebook: Taylor Hooton Foundation #ALLMEPEDFREE Contact Us:  Email:  Phone: 214-449-1990 ALL ME Assembly Programs:  

ToddCast Vol. XXIX: Duffy MacKay has lived and breathed Washington, D.C., for a decade as senior vice president of scientific and regulatory affairs for the Council for Responsible Nutrition, a leading trade group serving the dietary supplements industry. Like so many other supplements veterans, he jumped ship and swam to the boisterous shores of hemp CBD land. MacKay sits down with Insider senior editor Todd Runestad to talk about the similarities between the last quarter-century of supplements and the last five of CBD, in particular as it relates to FDA regulation. Tune in as they discuss: How CBD companies don't quite get that they are in the supplements business, not the marijuana business. Rules and regulations apply. Whether potential FDA commissioner in the Biden administration, David Kessler, has “evolved his thinking” from supplements enemy to hemp accepter if not promoter. Whether Congress can write laws to compel the FDA to stop its slow-dance of hemp CBD regulations. 

Our latest podcast is a chat with Stuart Kennedy, the head of Forever's UK & Ireland Compliance department! Take a peek at Forever's true commitment to quality as we cover topics like the Council for Responsible Nutrition, the importance of supplementation and why there's sometimes a difference between what one country can say about Forever's products versus another!

Brian Wommack, SVP, Communications, Council for Responsible Nutrition, joins The Bistro to help us become more label wise. Your dietary supplement label is changing. Learn how and why. Be Label Wise!

In this interview Stephen Ashmead, MS, MBA, discusses mineral acid chelates and their functions. Listeners will understand the molecular characteristics and physiologic significance of chelated minerals. In addition to discussing mineral supplementation in general, Ashmead delves more deeply into the importance of magnesium and why magnesium chelate is the preferred form. About the Expert Stephen Ashmead, MS, MBA, is a senior fellow in research and development at Balchem Corporation. He has a master of science degree from the University of Utah in Nutrition Science and an MBA from Western Governors University. His area of specialty is in mineral amino acid chelates and their functions. About the Sponsor   Balchem is a supplier of Albion Minerals—highly effective nutritional mineral forms that can be easily absorbed by the human body. These special organic molecules are known as mineral amino acid chelates; they are used in nutraceutical supplements and food fortification to provide complete organic mineral nutrition, giving consumers the greatest chance to absorb minerals for their best biological advantage. Transcript Karolyn Gazella: Hello, I'm Karolyn Gazella, the publisher of the Natural Medicine Journal. Today our topic is addressing the challenge of mineral supplementation in clinical practice. My guest is mineral expert, Stephen Ashmead. Before we begin, I'd like to thank the sponsor of this interview, who is Albion Minerals. Stephen, thank you so much for joining me today. Stephen Ashmead: You're welcome. It's a pleasure to be here. Gazella: Well, let's begin with the basics. Now why has it become so important to consider a mineral supplementation in clinical practice? Can't patients get everything they need from food alone? Ashmead: In theory, yeah, you can get everything you need from food alone, but just our lifestyles, particularly here in the United States with our westernized diet, our agricultural practices. We typically don't consume enough of minerals and other micronutrients that we need in our diet, and so supplementation has become a way to deal with that. Gazella: Right. So what are some of the challenges that clinicians face when it comes to mineral supplementation? Ashmead: I think there are three main challenges that they face. The first one is just finding good formulations. There is a multitude of formulations that are out there that have micronutrients in it, and just trying to find the formulation that works the best for their patients or for their clients. That's challenge number one. Challenge number two is patient compliance. Some of the supplements, people don't want to take because it's too big. They're trying to swallow something that's too large. It causes gastric upset. They just don't feel it's working, so they just don't take it, or they have to take so many of them that it's difficult to do. I think patient compliance is challenge number two. Then challenge number three is just impact of other nutrients. A classic example of this is iron bioavailability can be upregulated or downregulated just based upon what you do, what you consume. For example, if you take your iron supplement in the morning with your coffee or tea, you're probably not going to get as much out of it as if you took it with a glass of orange juice. I think those are three main challenges that clinicians face in trying to get minerals and mineral supplementation in with patients and their clients. Gazella: Okay, so let's dig into these challenges. How do we overcome these challenges? Ashmead: I think it's a multistep, multifactorial approach. The first one, in terms of finding good formulations, there are a couple of databases that are out there in the industry that can be utilized to screen and see what's out there. One is by the government with Office of Dietary Supplements, although that one probably isn't as much up to date. The other one is a new effort by the Council for Responsible Nutrition, where they are asking the members of their organization to post up their labels, and creating a database of those dietary supplements. I think that helps, trying to find and trying to screen what those are before you can recommend them to your clients. The other one is just trying to find supplements that have a history in their track record of being both efficacious as well as tolerable for your clients. Then the third one, and probably almost as important, something that the clinicians can do themselves, is just educating their patients or clients on how to take these mineral supplements, how to incorporate them in the diet. Using our previous example, if they're prescribing an iron supplement, for whatever reason, or recommending an iron supplement for whatever reason, given them the education. Don't take this when you're drinking your coffee and your tea. You might look at what they do, and how their patients' lifestyle is, and make their recommendations based on that so they can get the most out of the supplements that they might be taking. Gazella: Okay, that makes a lot of sense. Now I'd like to talk about... It seems like all of these things revolve around the quality of the product and the efficacy of the product. We have done a lot of articles and such on mineral chelates. I'd like to have us delve a little bit more into mineral chelates. First let's start with the research. Tell us a little bit about the research regarding the safety and efficacy of mineral chelates. Ashmead: Sure. So there's been a lot of research that has been done both in clinical research as well as animal research, and even in agricultural research. There's been a lot of research done on how effective mineral chelates are. Albion has been doing research since 1965 on mineral chelates, and they have done safety studies. They've done tolerability studies. They've done bioavailability studies. They've done functional studies where bioavailability is a little hard to measure. They're just looking at the functional aspects on it. They've really done a lot of work just showing that these mineral chelates are safe, and an effective, and are very good sources of minerals. Gazella: Perfect. Before we dig in a little bit further, how do you define a mineral chelate? Ashmead: That's a good question. So a mineral chelate is a chemical structure. The chelate refers to a chemical structure, and what it is is there's a... I'm going to use a couple terms, and I'll explain what they mean. There is a term called the ligand, or ligand depending upon where you are in the country and what pronunciation you use. This is the entity that bonds to the mineral. When it bonds to the mineral it forms a ring structure. That ring structure is characterized by another term called heterocyclic. What that means is it just means that all the members of the ring, all the atoms in the ring, are not all the same. They're not all a carbon atom, or they're not all an oxygen, which makes sense. If you're trying to bind a mineral with something that's organic, then you're also going to be different than everything else anyway. It just makes sense. This is a chemical structure for a chelate, and that confers upon it some of the enhanced properties in terms of bioavailability, and safety, and tolerability. Gazella: Right, so that's where I want to go next. What makes these mineral chelates more effective? What are some of the factors that make a nutritionally functional chelate effective? Ashmead: That's a really good question because there are chelates out there that are very, very good chelators, but they're not really nutritionally functional. Some of our drugs are based upon chelates to be able to take metals out of the body if there's a toxic thing. They're not really designed to be bioavailable or nutritionally functional. They're designed to do something else. For a nutritionally functional chelate, I think there are a few things for consideration. First of all, in definition, is it's got to be a chelate. It's hard to have a nutritionally functional chelate if you really don't have a chelate to begin with. Second one is it's got to be relatively small in size. What that is, there's some literature out there. Some stay it needs to be less than 800 Daltons. Some say it needs to be less than 1,000 Daltons. I don't know where that exact number is, but what it needs to be is it needs to be small enough so the body doesn't have to digest it before it can actually utilize it. If the body has to digest before it gets utilized, then you lose some of the benefits of it being chelated if you've got it digested before it can be used. I think it also needs to have stability constants that are effective. What do I mean by effective? We want it to be bound up tight enough by the chelate that it helps protect it and still has those properties. At the same time, we don't want it to be bound so tight that the body actually can't utilize the metal once it gets absorbed. So where that is, it depends upon the ligand and the metal. It varies, but it's a real balancing act, just kind of hit a sweet spot between the two. Then the third thing, I think, is that your ligand, or the binding entity, really needs to be something that the body can use. I know that out in the literature there's a lot of talk about iron-EDTA chelates being utilized as good food fortificants, and EDTA chelates are really good chelators, but our body doesn't use EDTA. On the other side, amino acids, our body would use amino acids. It could utilize them in the energy cycle. It could use them for protein building depending upon the need of the body at that time. So that ligand, that binding entity, can also be used by the body. I think those four things are the things that really make up what a nutritionally functional chelate is. Gazella: Can you talk a little bit more about the absorption issue? Will a practitioner know that a chelated mineral is better absorbed in the body versus a non-chelated mineral? Ashmead: Yeah, there's certainly some research out there that would show that that is, but looking at a bottle of a mineral supplement, it's going to be really, really difficult to tell just because our labeling laws don't allow for that sort of information to be on there. There isn't enough information on those bottles to tell whether or not they've really got a chelate in there or not. Gazella: Interesting. Ashmead: It's interesting, yeah. Gazella: Yeah. Ashmead: Some of the things they need to do is, really, they need to look for a brand that has some trust and reliability built up and looking for indications that that brand in there. For example, with the Albion products, the Albion brand will be on the bottle. Companies such as ours and others who have built a brand are really protective of that brand to make sure, one, it's being used correctly, and two, that the product is actually in there. Gazella: Right. So Albion makes chelated minerals that are ingredients that are in dietary supplements, correct? Ashmead: Correct. Gazella: So when the practitioner looks at the supplement that they're using, it will say that it's an Albion ingredient? Ashmead: Yes. Gazella: Okay, I see. So that's one way- Ashmead: That's one way they can tell. Gazella: Yeah, because you were talking about the fact that there are true chelates, and there are so-called chelates, and the so-called chelates are not functional. They should be avoided, basically, is what you're saying? Ashmead: Correct. Gazella: Okay, perfect. Is there anything else practitioners should look for other than that brand on the label? Anything else that comes to mind, or is that the primary thing to look for? Ashmead: That's really the primary thing that they would look for because the label is going to tell them how much of the mineral is in there. It might list a source, but it doesn't have to list a source. They might be able to look at the ingredient list and see a source on there, but really looking for that brand name from an ingredient supplier who has built their reputation for an efficacious product, as Albion has done, is really the primary way that they can tell that they're getting a good product. Gazella: Okay, great. Now before I leave the topic of chelates I have one more question. You mentioned that Albion has been doing research since 1965. Can it be assumed that a lot of the research on chelated minerals actually features the Albion chelated minerals? Is that a fair statement? Ashmead: I would say that that is a fair statement. There is a lot of information out there. Albion has developed a lot of that information, developed a lot of the patents surrounding the chelated mineral products, not only for humans, but for animals and for plants as well. We have chelates for those entities as well. Gazella: Okay, perfect. I think that's why looking for that brand is so important, because you don't want to buy a product that's using borrowed science, or hasn't been studied in the scientific literature. I think that's important to our practitioners. I'd like to switch gears. I'd like to talk about magnesium, because magnesium plays such a significant role in the human body. What forms of magnesium are presently on the market for practitioners to choose from? Ashmead: Oh, goodness. There's a number of forms. Probably one of the most common ones is magnesium oxide. There's magnesium sulfate, magnesium citrate, lactate, magnesium phosphate. Albion provides a di-magnesium malate, a magnesium creatine... Excuse me, a magnesium creatine, and of course we supply amino acid chelates such as the magnesium bisglycinate chelate. Gazella: So that's why I wanted to ask that question, because what's the preferred form of magnesium, and why do you feel it's the best form to choose? Because there are a lot of different forms, so what's preferred, and why is it best? Ashmead: That's a loaded question because the other part of that is what is the intent? What are you trying to do with that magnesium? You're just trying to supply magnesium for supplementation? Then the next set of questions that have to be answered is, how is supplying that magnesium? Is it going to be in traditional capsule tablets? Is it going to be as a gummy? Is it going to be in a drink? I think the best magnesium that is selected depends upon some of those factors. For example, traditional capsules, tablets, they have finite volumes. Depending upon how much that manufacturer wants to put in magnesium, that affects a little bit of what are the sources that they might use when they have to cram so much ingredient within a finite volume. You really can't expand that volume because the capsule shell is what the capsule shell is. It doesn't get any bigger, so it depends. Overall, I'm going to lean towards a magnesium bisglycinate chelate just because I believe that it's the most effective, one of the most tolerable, and certainly has a good record of safety and good record of use. So I'm going to lean towards that, but there are mitigating factors that might dictate something else. Gazella: Okay, and you've mentioned the different delivery, capsules, tablets. Is the magnesium bisglycinate chelate... Can that be delivered across all of those vehicles, capsule, tablet, liquid, food, whatever? Ashmead: Yes, and I'm going to qualify that just a little bit. It has certain properties in it, particularly you mentioned food. Sometimes food vehicles, depending upon the food vehicle, because that is a hugely complex area. Just think about the food that you eat each day, and how a mineral will taste in each of those foods is very, very different because they're such complex entities. So it may work in some foods. It may not work in other foods. I'm going to say yes, but I'm going to qualify it as well. Gazella: Yeah, that sounds good. I think that's perfect. I'd like to talk a little bit about the technology associated with magnesium bisglycinate chelate. Now that technology has led to, according to what I've read, enhanced bioavailability, tolerability, and safety. Tell us more about that technology because it seems like that's pretty significant. Ashmead: Yes, it is. So to talk a little bit about that technology, let me just back up just a little bit. When you think about your food that you consume every day, there are minerals in there and other micronutrients. For the most part, we tolerate that food extremely well. Now I'm not talking about likes and dislikes because if you want to talk about that, I really don't tolerate liver and onions really well. Gazella: Me neither. Ashmead: But in terms of just tolerability in terms of GI distress and things of that nature, for the most part, we tolerate our foods very well, and they have those minerals in there. Why do we tolerate it well from the foods? It's because nature packages those minerals up, typically with proteins. It might be with some nutrients, but their typically packaged up. I mean, it's not in there as salts like are commonly available, that we talked about with oxides, and sulfates, and so on of that nature. What the mineral chelates, bisglycinate chelates, and amino acid chelates do is they try to mimic how nature does it. They give the protection to the minerals to keep them from binding with other foods. They try to keep them from that binding, minimizes the amount of GI irritation. When we do that, we're mimicking a little bit what nature does. I think that's why these amino acid chelates, and in our specific example here the magnesium bisglycinate chelate, that's why it is efficacious, safe, and tolerable. Gazella: What about the bioavailability issue? Is that correct, that it is more bioavailable? Ashmead: Typically, yes, they are more bioavailable. Bioavailability is another complex issue that is dependent upon the body's need at the time. It may be dependent upon environmental issues such as what else is in the gut that can decrease bioavailability, and it often can depend upon genetics. If we're missing some of the necessary proteins and other enzymes to be able to handle some of our foods, then that's going to impact it. But comparing apples to apples, everything the same across the board, then yes, it provides for more bioavailability. Gazella: So also comparing apples to apples, if I'm taking magnesium bisglycinate chelate, do I take the same amount as another form of magnesium? Is that apples to apples, or do I need to take less of the chelate? Ashmead: That's a really good question. That's an interesting discussion. When you look at our labeling laws, it doesn't differentiate between the form. It's based upon the elemental amount of that micronutrient in there. A lot of consumers and a lot of perhaps clinicians are just looking at that number, which is totally appropriate because it's based upon RDIs that have been established by government entities, and that's totally appropriate. The question I think that's probably a little bit more appropriate is do I want to have or do I want to take a full RDI equivalency, or am I supplementing my diet, and do with less because I know I'm getting some in my diet? I think that's probably a more appropriate question versus trying to match bioavailability because, as I said before, bioavailability is such a complex issue that is very individualized. It's hard to make that general statement for the entire population. Gazella: Yeah, that makes a lot of sense. Let's stay on the topic of tolerability just for a second. Now you mentioned GI irritation. Are there other symptoms of intolerability when it comes to magnesium, or is that the primary symptom of tolerability? Ashmead: So magnesium has a well known reputation for causing GI distress, and it's typically manifested as diarrhea or laxation. You could also have gas, kind of a bloating feeling. Those are the principle ones for that. Some people may have an upset stomach, some nausea, with it as well. Again, particularly magnesium, some people are a little bit more sensitive than others. Why? I don't know. It's hard to look at a person and say, "Oh yes, you're magnesium sensitive," and the person sitting next to them, "No, you're not." There's no really way to look at that and tell, but the typical GI distress factors with magnesium are going to be laxation and gas. Gazella: Yeah, that makes a lot of sense. It's good to know that the chelate form has better tolerability because I know in clinical practice our practitioners are running across that. Our practitioners are also very interested in research. I'd like to have you tell us a little bit more about the research specifically associated with magnesium bisglycinate chelate. Ashmead: Okay, sure. Yes. Let me just describe some maybe perhaps more recent studies that have been performed on it. There was a study that was presented in 2016 at Experimental Biology meetings, and it was using an in vitro model, so they were growing cell. In this particular case, the cell model being utilized was a Caco-2 cell model, which is a human intestinal epithelial cell. It's very perfect for studying absorption. What they did in this particular study is they created a monolayer of cells. They applied various magnesium sources on what we would consider the luminal side, so the inside of the intestine, and look for magnesium coming through on the basolateral side, or coming through the cell and being exported out. They compared several different magnesium sources. They found that magnesium bisglycinate was significantly greater absorbed through those cells than magnesium oxide and magnesium citrate. So there's one study showing that we've got better absorption. Another study that was done quite a number of years ago. Excuse me, sorry. This was done by a group out of Chicago. In this particular study, this was a human clinical trial, and they were looking at patients that had undergone ileal resection, so their intestinal system and absorption capabilities already been compromised through surgery. They were looking at whether or not the magnesium bisglycinate would help these patients out who are at risk for developing magnesium deficiency. This study is interesting because this is one of the few ones on literature where they used isotopes of magnesium, stable isotopes of magnesium, so they could definitively determine that when they drew blood, and looking for magnesium in the blood, that it was definitely coming from the supplement that they gave them. What they found is those with the highest need, or the lowest levels of magnesium, absorb the magnesium bisglycinate much more effective than the inorganic magnesium oxide that they were comparing against. The interesting thing too is as a secondary endpoint that they were looking at in this study was tolerability, and they had very good tolerability from the magnesium bisglycinate as compared to the magnesium oxide. So there's one study. Another study, and this one's really interesting. I like this study. I have four kids, and my wife has issues with cramping during pregnancy. There was a study that was done looking in pregnant women, and in the pregnant women, they were comparing the amount of leg cramps, particularly later in the pregnancy. They found that with the magnesium bisglycinate, not only did they have a significant reduction in the frequency of the leg cramps, but even when they did have leg cramps, and they asked them how intense those leg cramps were, there was a significant reduction in the intensity of leg cramps. So not only did they get fewer ones, but the ones they got were less intense than compared to those that were not getting the magnesium bisglycinate. Again, with that one there was really good tolerability. In fact, the patients preferred the magnesium bisglycinate over the other magnesium source because it was easier on their GI system. Then another study just looking at tolerability. There was a study that we conducted where subjects were given a placebo, 300, 450, or 600 milligrams of magnesium. So we're going above the RDI. They were given that on a per day basis, and they were comparing GI and fecal consistency scores going across those doses. What we found there is that there really wasn't a significant difference between gastrointestinal upset of 600 milligrams of magnesium bisglycinate as compared to a placebo. Again, in terms of fecal consistency, there wasn't a decline in fecal consistency either, so we didn't have the laxation effect that you would typically see with magnesium sources. So that's some highlights and some studies. Gazella: Yeah, I like the fact that the studies address these main issues of bioavailability and tolerability. The leg cramp study is awesome, and it's good that there's in vivo and human clinical trials. I think a lot of times our practitioners are definitely looking at those human trials when it comes to ingredients. So that's an important one as well. Ashmead: It is. I- Gazella: Oh, go ahead. Ashmead: I was just going to mention too that with human clinical trials, particularly with magnesium, it's hard to find good clinical markers of magnesium. The typical gold standard right now is 24 hour urinary collection, which is really difficult to do, particularly in a clinical setting. A lot of times you're going to be looking at the functional mechanisms or functional outcomes such as was done with the pregnant women. Sometimes to get that really nitty gritty absorption data, you have to go outside of the human clinical model into an in vitro model. Gazella: Okay. Now is there an average dosage? I know that you supply these ingredients to other manufacturers, so they determine how much they want to put in their formulation. Is the quantity of magnesium bisglycinate chelate, is it all over the board, or is there an average? Ashmead: That's a good question, and it's difficult for me to answer that. I guess there is a little bit all over the board depending upon whether it's in a magnesium dose by itself, if it's with other ingredients, and how much of those other ingredients, what they're trying to do. I will say that from an RDA, RDI standpoint, typically what we're required and what we need is right around 400 milligrams, depending upon the country you're in. It might be a little less, might be a little more, but right around 400 milligrams a day. Gazella: Perfect. Ashmead: So looking for a supplement as a supplement, I'd probably recommend base upon that and try not to exceed that if you're supplementing your diet. Gazella: Yeah, that makes a lot of sense. So as we mentioned, this is an ingredient that is found in products that are sold to healthcare professionals. Where can our listeners find the Albion chelated minerals, including this magnesium bisglycinate chelate that we've been talking about? Ashmead: That's a good question. There are multiple dietary supplement products out there that incorporate them in. There are a couple of ways that I would recommend looking for them, trying to find them. First one is through our website at www.albionminerals.com/human-nutrition, and we have there a tab called Products and a program called Gold Medallion. In that area you will find some manufacturers that incorporate and use our minerals. Another way that you can do it that's probably as easy and maybe more appropriate to our lifestyle is go to amazon.com, and you type in Albion chelated minerals in your search term. It will bring up a variety of mineral products that incorporate Albion mineral products, including magnesium bisglycinate. Gazella: Okay, that sounds good. I want our listeners to know that we are going to provide a link to albionminerals.com, so you can just click over and find the professional grade manufacturers who are incorporating these chelated minerals into their products. This has been a lot of great information. I would once again, of course, like to thank today's sponsor, Albion Minerals. And thank you, Stephen, for joining me and providing us with such great information today. Ashmead: You're welcome. It's been my pleasure. It really has been. Gazella: Great. Have a great day. Ashmead: Okay, thank you. You, too.

Medicines, both herbal and pharmaceutical, are big business. These days, Americans spend $200 billion per year on prescription drugs and $20 billion on herbs and other dietary supplements. Why is that? Well we believe that for the most part, people get lazy and let their doctor choose for them. Drugs are 62,000 times more likely to kill you than food or supplements from Mother Nature; According to the Council for Responsible Nutrition. Both food supplements and herbal remedies are in the 'super-safe' category of individual risk – meaning risk of death from their consumption is less than 1 in 10 million. In striking contrast, drugs are known to cause well over 125,000 deaths per year in the US when taken correctly as prescribed – yet the FDA allows fast-track approvals and countless new additions of poorly tested drugs to the marketplace that must later be withdrawn due to their lethal consequences. Besides drugs and hospital injuries, you're also more likely to die from being struck by lightning or drowning in your bathtub than having a lethal reaction to herbs or supplements. It is simply incomprehensible that any rational approach would seek to vilify supplements over drugs when the data in no way, shape or form supports it. TUNE IN WEDNESDAY MAY 23 At 7PM For The Rest Of The Story.

In this podcast interview at SupplySide West, Brian Wommack of the Council for Responsible Nutrition discusses findings of a survey that highlight consumers’ growing confidence in, and demand for, dietary supplements.

Find meaning and purpose in your work. Abundance, Inc. welcomes Asma Ishaq to the show. As a single mother, Asma cofounded Jusuru International in 2009 and had a successful sale of the company in 2017. She has received prestigious awards, served as committee member for the Council of Responsible Nutrition and on the advisory board of IFRANA, spoken at numerous industry conferences, and appeared on Fox, CBS, ABC, and NPR. Tune in for this empowering show. Discover how to give something back through business. 

Kelly Close founded Close Concerns in 2002; its mission is to make everyone smarter about diabetes. At Close Concerns, Kelly and her team write approximately three million words each year on diabetes, prediabetes, obesity, and digital health for Closer Look, a highly praised service covering the goings-on in the field. Kelly's passion for the field comes from her extensive professional work as well as from her personal experience, having had diabetes for over 30 years. Kelly is the author of more than 30 peer-reviewed manuscripts as well as Targeting a Cure for Type 1 Diabetes: How Long Do We Have to Wait?, a widely praised book published by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) in 2013. She also wrote the foreword for the widely praised Bright Spots & Landmines by Adam Brown, published in 2017. Kelly is an associate editor of Clinical Diabetes, a journal focused on diabetes for primary care physicians published quarterly by the ADA. Close Concerns is a winner of the ADA’s “Excellence in Health Communications” Award, and Kelly and her team write a quarterly column in Journal of Diabetes, a peer-reviewed journal based in Shanghai. Kelly chairs the diaTribe Foundation, a nonprofit established in 2013 to improve the lives of people with diabetes and prediabetes and to advocate for action. She is also the founder of diaTribe.org, begun in 2006 as an educational resource for people with diabetes; diaTribe.org’s free educational mailers go to over 100,000 people every 2 weeks. Before starting Close Concerns and the diaTribe Foundation, Kelly’s work focused on life sciences more broadly. Over nearly a dozen years, she worked on Wall Street (investment banking at Goldman Sachs, equity research at Merrill Lynch) and at McKinsey & Company, where her work centered on life science, managed care, and nonprofit organizations. Kelly has a BA in economics and English from Amherst College, magna cum laude, and an MBA from Harvard Business School. She was a founding board member of the Institute for Responsible Nutrition, led by University of California, San Francisco’s Robert Lustig, MD, and a previous executive board member of the Diabetes Hands Foundation and the Behavioral Diabetes Institute. She and her husband and three children are cohosts of the popular San Francisco–based discussion series CPS Lectures. 01:22 Why Kelly started diaTribe. 02:22 Empowering patient decisions and disease management. 03:51 The power of numbers in making change. 04:12 Other advocacy groups inside and outside the diabetes realm. 05:09 Paying attention to direct costs as well as indirect costs. 05:44 The four areas of constraints to obtaining the outcomes desired in treating diabetes. 06:34 Behavior design and behavior change. 07:52 Overcoming diabetes constraints. 08:18 “You can’t know where you want to go with your diabetes management until you know where you are.” 10:10 Supporting patients and continuous glucose monitoring. 13:01 “What’s not going well here, and what’s changeable?” 15:18 “Until we’re doing much more to create healthy communities and supporting communities, we will not be successful.” 15:52 Go to diatribe.org/brightspots for educational materials for your diabetes patients. 17:00 Avoiding stigmatizing language. 17:40 Ensuring you have a diabetes educator or social worker who understands what resources are available. 17:51 Finding community organizations like Wellville—EP118 with Rick Brush. 18:40 The dichotomy of engaged patients vs those who aren’t. 19:39 The importance in understanding where patients are coming from and their emotional well-being. 21:24 The impressiveness of Kaiser moving half of their appointments to telehealth. 23:02 Health technologies helping to improve diabetes outcomes and how they are finding reimbursement. 24:46 Innovated payers funding diabetes research to improve outcomes. 25:48 The excessive expenses associated with diabetes today. 28:12 “The only good thing about this spending ... [is] that a lot could happen to reduce that.” 28:59 Houston’s efforts to make an impact on diabetes in the community level. 30:44 “I think today the really forward-thinking companies are really thinking about stakeholder value.” 32:10 You can learn more by going to diatribe.org, follow diaTribe on Facebook and Twitter, and check out diatribe.org/foundation and diatribe.org/brightspots.

Even if you're eating a clean, healthy diet, you can still benefit from the nutrients provided by vitamins and supplements.Even if you're eating a clean, healthy diet, you can still benefit from the nutrients provided by vitamins and supplements.Douglas (Duffy) MacKay, ND, SVP of Scientific & Regulatory Affairs for the Council for Responsible Nutrition, says there are a few general principles that should accompany vitamins, minerals, botanicals, herbs, and dietary supplements.First, read the label and follow the directions. Also, make sure you check in with your healthcare practitioner. If you're prone to forgetfulness, take your regimen twice a day; once in the morning, once in the evening. This way, you don't have to be carrying them around with you and you can store them properly.Listen in as Dr. MacKay joins Andrea and Lisa to explain why nutritional supplements are essential for optimal health and shares some tips for making sure you're getting the proper nutrients.He also offers up his "top five" supplements to take daily:MultivitaminOmega-3FiberProbioticVitamin D

Sugar is everywhere. Sugar is addictive. sugar- hiding in plain sightSugar, sugar you are everywhere and we do not even know it. Wolfram Alderson, Executive Director of the Institute for Responsible Nutrition founded by Dr. Robert Lustig, is back on Health Currents Radio to talk about the progress made in bringing awareness to the toxic effects sugar can have on our health and how to find it in your food. But, it is hard to avoid if you do not even know the 56 aliases good ole’ sugar goes by. The World Health Organization has recommended only 25 grams of sugar daily for optimal health (approximately 6 teaspoons), that’s about one “protein bar” and less than a can of soda, which has 39 grams. The Institute for Responsible Nutrition has been working with organizations, governments, and individuals, as well as creating wonderfully animated short films to bring the ill effects of sugar to the public: Sugar is Killing Us and Sugar: Hiding in Plain Sight. Institute for Responsible Nutrition, Dr. Robert LustigAll money raised by this organization goes towards their mission: To End Childhood Obesity and Reverse Type 2 Diabetes. Wolfram Alderson shares what you can do, what is being done and what can be done to reduce the impact of excess sugar on our health.

Sugar is it too much? Sami and Meredith think so.foracause Rowing 2400 miles to raise money and awareness on how sugar is detrimental to our health. Sami Inkinen and Meredith Loring are rowing from San Francisco, California to Honolulu, Hawaii as part of the inaugural Great Pacific Race as a mixed pair. fat chance row, sugar, Dr. Robert LustigWhy are they doing this, unsupported-meaning they will carry all their food (no sugar or processed foods) and gear? First, as they said, “Because we can and we like a good challenge.” Plus they will be promoting healthy eating and the fight against the proliferation of sugar in the global diet. Sami and Meredith are extra- ordinary. All funds they raise on this expedition will go to Dr. Robert Lustig’s Institute for Responsible Nutrition.

The staggered implementation of America’s controversial GMP rules is underway and due for completion in June, 2010. For the Council for Responsible Nutrition’s VP of regulatory and scientific affairs, Andrew Shao, PhD, the bill may be progressing but much remains to be resolved.