Podcasts about Endocrinology

1 in 4 people have insulin resistance, which quietly raises your risk of heart disease and cancer, often without any change in your blood sugar. And most of those who have it have no idea. It can remain completely hidden for years, with no obvious symptoms and no warning signs… But it can be reversed. Today, Professor Rob Semple, a world-leading expert on insulin resistance, explains what insulin does in your body, why you need it to live, and what happens when it stops working properly. By the end of this episode, you will understand how to spot the warning signs and have practical steps you can take to protect yourself. If your last blood test came back "normal," how confident are you that it tells the whole story? Are you overlooking one of the biggest drivers of chronic disease?

Host: Charles Turck, PharmD, BCPS, BCCCP Guest: Erin D. Michos, MD, MHS Severe hypertriglyceridemia (sHTG) affects more than 3 million people, but it often flies under the clinical radar.1-3 When triglycerides are at or above a 500 mg/dL threshold, it's no longer just an isolated lab value—it's a level of hypertriglyceridemia where the clinical implications change, and where a more careful evaluation for underlying causes and risk becomes important.4 That's why Dr. Charles Turck sits down with Dr. Erin Michos to discuss what sHTG is, why it's so important to identify, and how we can effectively manage this condition to improve patients' overall health and reduce complication risk. Dr. Erin Michos is a Professor of Medicine, Director of Women's Cardiovascular Health, and Associate Director of Preventive Cardiology at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. References: Saadatagah S, Larouche M, Naderian M, et al. Recognition and management of persistent chylomicronemia: a joint expert clinical consensus by the National Lipid Association and the American Society for Preventive Cardiology. Am J Prev Cardiol. 2025;22:100978. doi:10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100978 Sanchez RJ, Ge W, Wei W, Ponda MP, Rosenson RS. The association of triglyceride levels with the incidence of initial and recurrent acute pancreatitis. Lipids Health Dis. 2021;20(1):72. doi:10.1186/s12944-021-01488-8 Sikora Kessler A, Baum SJ, Kutrieb E, et al. Rates …

 We have a great show planned today and will talk about the popularity in Saffron. We will cover why and the science behind it and the branded ingredient Affron Saffron.  To help us unpack all the research and studies we have, Dr. Stengler joining us today!In addition to authoring 30 books on health and several best-sellers such as “The Natural Physician's Healing Therapies,” “Prescription for Natural Cures,” “Prescription for Drug Alternatives,” and “Outside the Box Cancer Therapies,” Dr. Stengler has been published in several peer-reviewed medical journals such as The International Journal of Family & Community Medicine, Endocrinology & Metabolism International Journal, and Journal of Nutritional Health & Food Engineering.Dr. Stengler's, NMD. The newest book is called, The Holistic Guide to Gut Health. A comprehensive yet accessible approach to healing leaky gut and the many uncomfortable symptoms it causes. Dr Stengler is also the founder of The Stengler Center for Integrative Medicine.Talking Points:-Saffron and its constituents shown in “systematic reviews and meta-analyses to be significantly more effective than placebo in reducing the severity of depression and similar efficacy to antidepressants”.-23 studies were analyzed for the effect of saffron supplementation as a treatment or adjunctive treatment for symptoms of depression and anxiety in clinical and general populations compared with pharmaceutical therapy or placebo.Results: A large positive effect compared to placebo for treating depression and anxiety. Also found to have a large positive effect when used as an adjunctive treatment with antidepressants for depressive symptoms.Learn more about Emerald Labs Affron Saffron at Emeraldlabs.com Use the code: Forever to save 20% off your first order. Learn more about Dr. Mark Stengler, NMD

Two experts in obesity medicine discuss the latest advances in obesity care, including: Current data for incretin-based therapies Beyond the scale—individualizing OMM selection based on weight-related comorbidities and cardiometabolic risk Common contraindications and warnings associated with certain OMMs Shared decision-making strategies to inform treatment selection. [JF1]Added this to the episode notes to maybe help with the posttest  Presenters Amy Butts, PA-C, DFAAPA, BC-ADM, CDCES Endocrine Physician Associate WVU Medicine Wheeling Hospital Immediate Past President of American Society of Endocrine Physician Associates Wellsburg, West Virginia Nicholas Pennings, DO Professor of Family Medicine Campbell University School of Osteopathic Medicine Director of Clinical Education Obesity Medicine Association Buies Creek, North Carolina Link to full program:https://bit.ly/4v7eIY4 Get access to all of our new podcasts by subscribing to the Decera Clinical Education Multispecialty Podcast on Apple Podcasts, YouTube Music, or Spotify. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

With the launch of a new journal, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) is also launching a brand new podcast: The Points of CARE, the official podcast of Diabetes, Obesity, and CardioMetabolic CARE. Join hosts Richard Beaser, MD and Jane Reusch, MD, as they highlight key research findings, clinical implications, and emerging themes across diabetes, obesity, and cardiometabolic health through interviews with journal authors and subject-matter experts. 1:15 Our hosts speak with Katherine R. Tuttle, MD, FASN, FACP, FNKF, Executive Director of Research at Providence Inland Northwest Health and a Professor of Medicine at the University of Washington School of Medicine. She is an author of the article "SGLT2 Inhibitors for the Primary Prevention of CKD in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis," available at doi.org/10.2337/doci26-0001. 8:50 Next, Richard introduces Alexander Turchin, MD, MS, Director of Informatics Research at the Division of Endocrinology at Brigham and Women's Hospital and Associate Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School. He is an author of "Trends in Diabetes Medications After Metformin in Patients at High Versus Moderate Cardiovascular Risk: The BESTMED Consortium 2014–2022," available for free at doi.org/10.2337/doc26-0027. 17:05 Richard and Jane highlight special material available in the latest issue of Diabetes, Obesity, and CardioMetabolic CARE. "Screening, Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Staging of Obesity in Adults: Standards of Care in Overweight and Obesity—2026," available for free at doi.org/10.2337/doci26-0003 "Employment and Diabetes: A Statement of the American Diabetes Association," available for free at doi.org/10.2337/doc25-0092. 23:40 Finally, Richard and Jane highlight some of their favorite articles from the July-August issue. Vidovic, et al. Behavior Modifications From CUT-DM, Including Lifestyle Modification and Self-Efficacy doi.org/10.2337/doc25-0093 Chan, et al. Pharmacist-Driven Pre-Visit Planning to Optimize Prescribing in Type 2 Diabetes doi.org/10.2337/doc26-0019 Bannuru, et al. RAAS Inhibitors for the Primary Prevention of CKD in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis doi.org/10.2337/doci25-0014 Dimentstein, et al. Goals of Care Among Caregivers of Youths With Type 1 Diabetes doi.org/10.2337/doc26-0035 To learn more about Diabetes, Obesity, and CardioMetabolic CARE please visit diabetesjournals.org/docm-care. Thank you for listening, and don't forget to subscribe.

Advances in diabetes care rarely arrive through a single channel, and the 2026 annual meeting of the Association of Diabetes Care and Education Specialists (ADCES) reflected this breadth, with new insulin delivery hardware, cardiometabolic risk management, and endocrine screening criteria all drawing attention from clinicians in Columbus, Ohio.On a recent episode of Diabetes Dialogue, recorded on-site at ADCES26, co-hosts Diana Isaacs, PharmD, and Natalie Bellini, DNP, reviewed sessions and exhibits spanning insulin delivery technology, cardio-kidney-metabolic (CKM) risk reduction, beta-cell preservation, ketone monitoring, and hypercortisolism screening.On the exhibit floor, 2 simplified insulin delivery devices signaled a push toward patients still managing diabetes on multiple daily injections. Pivot, a tubeless patch pump from Modular Medical, holds up to 300 units of insulin, delivers preset 2-unit boluses, and supports 2 distinct basal rates, though it is not yet an automated insulin delivery (AID) system. CeQur's Simplicity bolus-only patch has moved toward 7-day wear with up to 240 units of capacity and a one-unit dosing option, positioning it alongside once-weekly basal and incretin therapies on a shared weekly schedule.A case-based session on CKM syndrome, built around a patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and discharged on insulin without pen needles, illustrated how risk calculators such as PREVENT can guide therapy beyond glycemic control. The case incorporated glucose-lowering therapy alongside GLP-1 and SGLT2 inhibitor use for cardiorenal protection, discontinuation of an unindicated beta blocker masking hypoglycemia symptoms, and a plan to taper insulin as other agents took effect.A separate discussion focused on C-peptide, a marker of residual endogenous insulin production, as an emerging clinical trial endpoint in type 1 diabetes. Patients who retain measurable C-peptide despite long-standing autoimmune beta cell loss appear to experience fewer cardiovascular events, less diabetic ketoacidosis, and less severe hypoglycemia, reinforcing interest in beta-cell-preserving therapies during early-stage disease.Continuous ketone monitoring, an emerging sensor category, was covered through patient cases including pregnancy-related nutritional ketosis and a case of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults treated with an SGLT2 inhibitor without insulin, a combination carrying risk for euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis. The hosts noted real-time ketone data could eventually clarify when SGLT2 inhibitor use is appropriate in insulin-requiring patients despite this risk.A well-attended early-morning session addressed hypercortisolism as an underrecognized driver of treatment-resistant hypertension and hyperglycemia. Updated American College of Endocrinology guidance now recommends screening when hemoglobin A1c remains >7.5% or blood pressure remains uncontrolled despite maximal glucagon-like peptide-1, SGLT2 inhibitor, and multidrug antihypertensive therapy, with diabetes care and education specialists playing a growing role in identifying candidates and coordinating referral.The hosts also highlighted Blue Circle Health, a nonprofit offering ≤6 months of virtual bridge care, including dietitian visits, social work support, and insurance navigation, for people with type 1 diabetes across 20 states. Collectively, the sessions underscored a field advancing simultaneously on device design, risk stratification, biomarker science, and access to supportive care.

Our kidneys do an incredible job filtering our blood every hour of every day. Most of us have two kidneys, and each one has about a million microscopic filters called glomeruli. Unlike the filters in our HVAC system, though, these filters cannot be replaced. But they do their work so well and unobtrusively that most of us don't even think about our kidney function. Although 37 million Americans have kidney trouble, the majority are unaware of their situation. Two tests could reveal how well the kidneys are working. What are they, and how often should you ask about them? At The People's Pharmacy, we strive to bring you up‑to‑date, rigorously researched insights and conversations about health, medicine, wellness and health policies and health systems. While these conversations intend to offer insight and perspective, the content is provided solely for informational and educational purposes. Please consult your healthcare provider before making any changes to your medical care or treatment. How You Can Listen You could listen through your local public radio station or get the live stream at 7 am EST on Saturday, August 8, 2026, through your computer or smart phone (wunc.org). Here is a link so you can find which stations carry our broadcast. If you can't listen to the broadcast, you may wish to hear the podcast later. You can subscribe through your favorite podcast provider, download the mp3 using the link at the bottom of the page, or listen to the stream on this post starting on August 10, 2026. What Are the Two Tests That Reveal Kidney Trouble? Chronic conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes put a strain on the kidneys. They are very common problems that signal the need for kidney function monitoring. Our guest expert, Dr. Samir Parikh, suggests that all of us should know our numbers. One is derived from the level of creatinine in the blood. This is normally part of a basic metabolic panel. Usually, the panel results will include a number for the estimated glomerular filtration rate (EGFR) calculated from the value for blood creatinine. The other crucial test is a urine test for protein. Keeping Kidneys Healthy by Staying Properly Hydrated One of the simplest tactics to keep kidneys healthy is to provide them with enough liquid. We get some fluid from the food we eat, which may be one reason eating fruits and vegetables seems to be good for us. They are full of water! We also need to drink fluid, and plain water is probably the best choice. It would be smart to use thirst as a guideline and make sure to drink when thirsty. We do avoid overdoing water consumption, though, as overloading the kidneys with more fluid than they can handle is dangerous as well. Medicines That Are Hard on the Kidneys We mentioned to Dr. Parikh the experience of an older friend, a devoted runner, who discovered that taking ibuprofen after a run reduced the likelihood of having to get up overnight to urinate. He reminded us and our listeners that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen, naproxen, celecoxib or meloxicam can be hard on the kidneys. That doesn't mean we shouldn't ever take such pain relievers, but perhaps we should try not to make it a habit. When we asked about other medicines that might be tough on the kidneys, he mentioned PPIs. Proton pump inhibitors such as omeprazole (Prilosec) or esomeprazole (Nexium) are often used to treat heartburn or other digestive symptoms. Regular use can put a strain on the kidneys, although the gastroenterologist recommending the medicine might not warn you of that side effect. We asked about environmental toxins and learned that heavy metals such as lead or arsenic can harm the kidneys along with other organs. We should make sure that the food we eat and the water we drink are not contaminated with such compounds. The Possible Benefits of Vitamin B Dr. Parikh has been studying how the kidneys respond to the B vitamin nicotinamide. The preliminary work he and his colleagues have done so far is promising. However, they have not conducted clinical trials to find out whether the vitamin could help people with early kidney disease. Because kidneys work so hard, they need a lot of energy to be produced by the mitochondria in their cells. Those mitochondria need NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) to function at their best. Providing additional nicotinamide appears to help (Nature Reviews. Nephrology, Feb. 2020).  One to three grams a day appears to be safe and may be beneficial. Medications That Can Promote Kidney Health Some medicines initially developed for other conditions are proving to be helpful in treating kidney disease. In particular, these include diabetes drugs known as SGLT2 inhibitors like dapagliflozin (Farxiga) or empagliflozin (Jardiance). They help slow the decline of kidney function (New England Journal of Medicine, Nov. 4, 2022). GLP-1 agonists may also be familiar because they too are used to treat diabetes. Medications such as semaglutide (Ozempic, Rybelsus, Wegovy) and tirzepatide (Mounjaro, Zepbound) have made headlines as weight loss and diabetes meds, but they also can reduce the risk of kidney failure and other bad outcomes (Lancet. Diabetes & Endocrinology, Jan. 2025). The benefits of these types of drugs should give us hope that we can go from slowing the progression of kidney disease to stopping it in its tracks Taking Care of Your Kidneys We asked Dr. Parikh what we should be doing to care for our kidneys and keep them healthy. He urged us once again to know our numbers: most importantly, the numbers from the two tests we discussed, blood creatinine and urine protein. Other numbers that are important for kidney are our blood pressure and, for those with diabetes, HbA1c. In addition to paying attention to all those numbers, we need to embrace a lifestyle that will help keep them where they belong. That means following a heart-healthy diet, staying physically active and getting adequate sleep. This Week’s Guest Samir M. Parikh, M.D., FASN, is Professor of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology and Chair of Internal Medicine at the University of Texas Southwestern. He holds the Donald W. Seldin Distinguished Chair in Internal Medicine and the Ruth W. and Milton P. Levy, Sr., Chair in Molecular Nephrology. Dr. Samir Parikh, University of Texas Southwestern Listen to the Podcast The podcast of this program will be available Monday, August 10, 2026, after broadcast on Aug. 8. This week's podcast has additional information on a possible role for sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) for kidney function. We also discussed medical silos, and how that leads to gastroenterologists overlooking the kidney risks from PPIs. Also, what should prospective kidney donors consider? You can stream the show from this site and download the podcast for free. Download the mp3, or listen to the podcast on Apple Podcasts or Spotify.

Precision Hormone Health: Testosterone, Menopause, Muscle, Sleep, and Proactive Longevity: Endocrinologist Dr. Florence Comite details her book “Invincible: Defy Your Genetic Destiny to Live Better, Longer” and her precision-medicine approach to proactive longevity. She discusses testosterone decline beginning in the 30s in both sexes, stress-related low T (including in special forces), and testosterone's roles in energy, cognition, motivation, muscle, bone, and chronic disease risk. Comite argues genes are a “draft” and health destiny can be altered through epigenetic-like choices, individualized data, and early monitoring. For women, she emphasizes estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone in perimenopause/menopause, preferring bioidentical hormones and criticizing WHI's use of Premarin/Provera and older participants. She covers osteoporosis prevention, muscle as an “organ of longevity,” protein intake, resistance training, continuous glucose monitors for individualized diet, sleep quality tracking via wearables, and selective use of DHEA, pregnenolone, growth hormone pathways, and peptides with attention to sourcing and risk.

Send us Fan MailWhat if one podcast episode changed the course of your career?In this episode, I sit down with Dr. Maria Bernal Riera, a triple board-certified physician in Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, and Obesity Medicine, and founder of Apex Endocrinology Health—a 100% cash-pay telemedicine practice providing endocrinology and obesity care to patients across Florida, New York, Minnesota, and Wisconsin.Dr. Bernal shares how discovering the My DPC Story podcast through a Facebook group inspired her to pursue direct specialty care immediately after fellowship. She discusses building a virtual practice from the ground up, combining expert endocrinology care with dedicated health coaching, and creating a business designed to grow beyond herself.Together, they explore the realities of physician entrepreneurship, including developing a CEO mindset, creating a financial runway with locums work, marketing a cash-pay practice, and navigating the complexities of multi-state telemedicine. Dr. Bernal also explains why she founded the DPC Telemedicine Group on Facebook and launched The Cash-Pay MD newsletter—to provide the same sense of community and support that helped her build Apex Endocrinology Health.Whether you're considering direct specialty care, telemedicine, or simply looking for a more fulfilling way to practice medicine, this episode is filled with practical insights and encouragement for physicians ready to build a practice on their own terms.Connect with Dr. Maria Bernal:

Send us Fan MailWhat if one podcast episode changed the course of your career?In this episode, I sit down with Dr. Maria Bernal Riera, a triple board-certified physician in Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, and Obesity Medicine, and founder of Apex Endocrinology Health—a 100% cash-pay telemedicine practice providing endocrinology and obesity care to patients across Florida, New York, Minnesota, and Wisconsin.Dr. Bernal shares how discovering the My DPC Story podcast through a Facebook group inspired her to pursue direct specialty care immediately after fellowship. She discusses building a virtual practice from the ground up, combining expert endocrinology care with dedicated health coaching, and creating a business designed to grow beyond herself.Together, they explore the realities of physician entrepreneurship, including developing a CEO mindset, creating a financial runway with locums work, marketing a cash-pay practice, and navigating the complexities of multi-state telemedicine. Dr. Bernal also explains why she founded the DPC Telemedicine Group on Facebook and launched The Cash-Pay MD newsletter—to provide the same sense of community and support that helped her build Apex Endocrinology Health.Whether you're considering direct specialty care, telemedicine, or simply looking for a more fulfilling way to practice medicine, this episode is filled with practical insights and encouragement for physicians ready to build a practice on their own terms.Connect with Dr. Maria Bernal:

Your liver and blood sugar are far more connected than most people realize. In this episode, Nurse Doza walks through five links between the two: how the liver stores and releases glucose, where insulin resistance actually begins, how stress and cortisol raise blood sugar without food, how all of it lands on your mitochondria, and what obesity has to do with the whole picture. Featured Product  The Metabolic Pack bundles the three formulas this episode keeps circling back to: Liver Boost to support phase I and phase II liver detoxification pathways, Mitochondriac for resveratrol, quercetin and pterostilbene to support cellular energy production, and Zen to support a healthy stress and cortisol response. Liver, cellular energy, and stress — supported together in one simple daily protocol. Suggested use: 2 Liver Boost, 1 Mitochondriac, and 1 Zen daily with food.

Drs Kaniksha Desai and Angela Leung discuss the new guidelines for thyroid disease in preconception, pregnancy, and postpartum. This podcast is intended for healthcare professionals only. To read a partial transcript or to comment, visit: https://www.medscape.com/index/list_15483_0 Kaniksha Desai, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California Angela Leung, MD, MSc, Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California

Save 20% on all Nuzest Products WORLDWIDE with the code MIKKIPEDIA at www.nuzest.co.nz, www.nuzest.com.au or www.nuzest.comCurranz Supplement: Use code MIKKIPEDIA to get 20% off your first order - go to www.curranz.co.nz  or www.curranz.co.uk to order yours NZ listeners - save 10% off Calocurb by using the code Mikkipedia10 at www.calocurb.co.nzThis week on the podcast Mikki speaks to two researchers, Professor Daniela Hurtado and Dr Regina Castaneda about the interaction between HRT and tirzepatide use. In a conversation led by Regina, they talk about differences that occur as women head through menopause, the role of HRT at mitigating some of these changes and the findings from their paper looking at how hormone therapy might enhance the therapeutic effects of tirzepatide in a postmenopausal population - discussing sex related differences.Maria Daniela Hurtado Andrade, M.D., Ph.D., is from Ecuador where she completed her medical degree at the Pontifical Catholic University. Her curiosity about the causes of obesity led her to pursue doctorate-level training in Physiology and Pharmacology at the University of Florida. Her research focused on the brain's regulation of food intake. After her doctoral training, she completed Internal Medicine training at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center in Pittsburgh, PA, and Endocrinology Fellowship specialty training at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, MN. She joined Mayo Clinic Staff in 2019.Dr. Hurtado Andrade is interested in understanding obesity's pathophysiology to develop more effective therapeutic interventions. She is part of the Mayo Clinic Precision Medicine for Obesity program. This program aims at developing an individualized approach to the management of obesity and its complications with the goal of improving outcomes. To facilitate the generation of this new knowledge, she has focused her clinical and research efforts on specific populations: perimenopausal women and breast cancer survivors. Dr. Hurtado's contributions and expertise to the field of obesity have been recognized nationally and internationally.Regina Castaneda, MD, serves as a postdoctoral research fellow at Mayo Clinic in Florida. She is also an MSc candidate at Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science. Her work centres on women's health topics including obesity, diabetes, and menopause-related metabolic changes.Dr Castaneda has contributed to research examining the effects of tirzepatide on weight loss in postmenopausal women and the potential influence of hormone therapy. She is affiliated with the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism at Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/biographies/hurtado-andrade-maria-daniela-m-d-ph-d/bio-20539671https://www.linkedin.com/in/regina-castaneda-md-8b2371358/ Paper: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanogw/article/PIIS3050-5038(25)00145-1/abstract Contact Mikki:https://mikkiwilliden.com/https://www.facebook.com/mikkiwillidennutritionhttps://www.instagram.com/mikkiwilliden/https://linktr.ee/mikkiwilliden

 A breakthrough in inflammatory support has arrived in the natural health market. PEA, which stands for palmitoylethanolamide, is a naturally occurring fatty acid derivative made in the body and found in small amounts in foods. Several human studies have demonstrated that PEA has broad- spectrum pain-relieving properties, anti-inflammatory effects, and nerve protection.To help us unpack all the research and studies we have Dr. Stengler joining us today.In addition to authoring 30 books on health and several best-sellers such as “The Natural Physician's Healing Therapies,” “Prescription for Natural Cures,” “Prescription for Drug Alternatives,” and “Outside the Box Cancer Therapies,” Dr. Stengler has been published in several peer-reviewed medical journals such as The International Journal of Family & Community Medicine, Endocrinology & Metabolism International Journal, and Journal of Nutritional Health & Food Engineering.Dr. Stengler's, NMD. The newest book is called, The Holistic Guide to Gut Health. A comprehensive yet accessible approach to healing leaky gut and the many uncomfortable symptoms it causes. Dr Stengler is also the founder of The Stengler Center for Integrative Medicine.Talking Points:Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), is a naturally occurring fatty acid derivative made in the body and found in small amounts in foods.PEA was first discovered in 1957 by scientists at Merck Sharp & Dohme, who isolated it from egg yolk, peanut meal, and soy lecithin. They found that PEA had anti-inflammatory properties in guinea pigs.However, PEA's role as a potential therapeutic agent was not widely recognized until 1993, when Rita Levi-Montalcini and her colleagues published research that suggested PEA has anti-inflammatory properties. Levi-Montalcini's group termed PEA an autocoid local injury antagonist (ALIA), and suggested that it acts locally to counteract injury.Multiple studies have demonstrated that PEA improves all sorts of pain. For example, a 2023 analysis of 11 studies found that PEA improved pain of various conditions, including muscle and joints, nerves, gynecological, and digestive. In terms of joint pain, a high-quality study demonstrated that PEA significantly reduced adult joint pain compared to placebo. Moreover, 8 clinical trials demonstrated that PEA was effective for low back pain, sciatica, and carpal tunnel syndrome. Even migraine headache pain was shown in published research to be improved with PEA.Lipid mediators help to balance the immune, nervous, and endocrine systems, affecting pain pathways related to inflammation. But unfortunately, due to changing diets, many of us do not get the nutrition and activity we need to make enough PEA ourselves.Supplemental PEA, by Levagen+ is properly formulated for optimal bioavailability, 75% more bioavailable to cell receptors than dietary forms. Levagen+ liposomal delivery of PEA has been clinically studied and shows benefits in joint pain, nerve pain, migraine, infections, sleep, and cognitive function.Learn more about Emerald Labs PEA+ Levagen Use the code: Forever and get 20% off your order.

We have a great show planned today and will talk about why there has been a significant rise in people of all ages using Creatine. To help us unpack all the research and studies we have Dr. Stengler joining us today.In addition to authoring 30 books on health and several best-sellers such as “The Natural Physician's Healing Therapies,” “Prescription for Natural Cures,” “Prescription for Drug Alternatives,” and “Outside the Box Cancer Therapies,” Dr. Stengler has been published in several peer-reviewed medical journals such as The International Journal of Family & Community Medicine, Endocrinology & Metabolism International Journal, and Journal of Nutritional Health & Food Engineering.Dr. Stengler's, NMD. The newest book is called, The Holistic Guide to Gut Health.A comprehensive yet accessible approach to healing leaky gut and the many uncomfortable symptoms it causes. Dr Stengler is also the founder of The Stengler Center for Integrative Medicine.Talking Points:Is creatine only useful for resistance / power type activities?There are a variety of athletic events, not just resistance/power activities, which may benefit from creatine supplementation.-Creatine supplementation with carbohydrate or carbohydrate and protein has been reported to promote greater muscle glycogen storage than carbohydrate supplementation alone.-May reduce muscle damage and/or enhance recovery from intense exercise.-Individuals supplementing their diet with creatine experienced less muscle damage, inflammation, and muscle soreness in response to running 30-km as well as during 4-weeks of intensified training.-There is evidence that athletes who supplement with creatine during training experience fewer musculoskeletal injuries, accelerated recovery time from injury and less muscle atrophy after immobilization.-Creatine supplementation (with or without glycerol) has been reported to help athletes hyper-hydrate and thereby enhance tolerance to exercise in the heat-There is evidence from animal models that creatine supplementation is neuroprotective and can reduce the severity of spinal cord injury, cerebral ischemia, and concussion/traumatic brain injury. This evidence was so compelling that the International Society of Sports Nutrition recommended that athletes engaged in sports that have a potential for concussion and/or spinal cord injury take creatine for its neuroprotective effects.Learn more about Dr. StenglerLearn more about Emerald Labs Creatine Health

As current understandings of obesity (ie, a chronic disease requiring long-term management) are adopted across the world, screening and treatment can no longer follow a one-size-fits-all approach. Listen in as 3 global experts in obesity medicine highlight the emerging evidence from recent conferences that are changing real-world practice today. Learn how the latest findings apply to specific patient populations across the United States, Europe, and Asia as well as why healthcare professionals should individualize treatment based on patient preferences and relevant risk factors. Presenters: Stephano Del Prato, MD Professor Emeritus of Endocrinology University of Pisa Pisa, Italy Soo Lim, MD, PhD Professor of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seoul, South Korea Donna H. Ryan, MD Professor Emerita Pennington Biomedical Research Center Louisiana State University New Orleans, Louisiana Link to full program:https://bit.ly/4pwFhEo Get access to all of our new podcasts by subscribing to the Decera Clinical Education Multispecialty Podcast on Apple Podcasts, YouTube Music, or Spotify. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

BrainStorm wants to hear from you! Send us a text.Endocrinologist and longevity expert Dr. Florence Comite joins Meryl Comer to challenge conventional wisdom about aging, hormones, and brain health. Drawing on decades of clinical experience and her new book Invincible, Dr. Comite explains why the fear around hormone therapy is based on outdated, flawed research. She believes testosterone, progesterone, quality sleep, and resistance training can meaningfully improve brain function at any age, even into your 90s. Dr. Comite also stresses that "normal range" lab results can be misleading, and that individualized, detail-oriented care outperforms one-size-fits-all evidence-based medicine. You don't want to miss this candid, detail-driven conversation about taking control of your own aging process.Support the show

Grazia Aleppo, MD, discusses the evolving role of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in non-insulin-treated Type 2 diabetes, drawing from her recent review published in Diabetes Technology and Therapeutics that examines evolving evidence and real world implications.Practical considerations for integrating CGM into routine care are also reviewed, with an emphasis on early intervention and data-driven decision-making.Key Topics• Evidence supporting CGM use in non-insulin-treated type 2 diabetes • Limitations of A1C and the role of time in range • Impact of CGM on patient engagement and self-management • Clinical and real-world outcomes associated with CGM adoption • Practical applications for endocrinology and primary careLearn more about Northwestern Medicine Endocrinology 

John Maytham speaks to Professor Joel Dave, Associate Professor and Head of the Division of Endocrinology in the Department of Medicine at the University of Cape Town. As an endocrinologist specialising in hormone disorders, Prof. Dave joins us to explain what testosterone does in the body, what constitutes low testosterone, and whether routine screening of otherwise healthy adults is supported by medical evidence. Presenter John Maytham is an actor and author-turned-talk radio veteran and seasoned journalist. His show serves a round-up of local and international news coupled with the latest in business, sport, traffic and weather. The host’s eclectic interests mean the program often surprises the audience with intriguing book reviews and inspiring interviews profiling artists. A daily highlight is Rapid Fire, just after 5:30pm. CapeTalk fans call in, to stump the presenter with their general knowledge questions. Another firm favourite is the humorous Thursday crossing with award-winning journalist Rebecca Davis, called “Plan B”. Thank you for listening to a podcast from Afternoon Drive with John Maytham Listen live on Primedia+ weekdays from 15:00 and 18:00 (SA Time) to Afternoon Drive with John Maytham broadcast on CapeTalk https://buff.ly/NnFM3Nk For more from the show go to https://buff.ly/BSFy4Cn or find all the catch-up podcasts here https://buff.ly/n8nWt4x Subscribe to the CapeTalk Daily and Weekly Newsletters https://buff.ly/sbvVZD5 Follow us on social media: CapeTalk on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@capetalk CapeTalk on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ CapeTalk on X: https://x.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@CapeTalk567 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Donal O Shea, Specialist in Endocrinology discusses the scientific basis for testing for testosterone, and the implications of such a decision.

Send us Fan MailBlood-brain barrier as a dynamic interface allowing selective passage of nutrients, peptides, and gut hormones.TOPICS DISCUSSED:Blood-Brain Barrier Structure: Capillary endothelial cells with tight junctions, absent fenestrae, and minimal vesicles create a selective interface; supported by astrocytes and pericytes.Crossing Mechanisms: Lipid-soluble small molecules diffuse passively; glucose, amino acids, and regulatory peptides use saturable transporters whose rates vary by need.Peptide Transport: Many peptides cross via lipid solubility or specific transporters; rate, not all-or-none presence, determines biological relevance; efflux systems remove some (e.g. certain enkephalins).Dynamic Regulation: Transporters for leptin and insulin are modulated by epinephrine, triglycerides, and brain demand; changes occur in aging and Alzheimer's (reduced glucose uptake, impaired Aβ efflux).Circumventricular Organs: Leaky capillary regions allow rapid sampling of blood signals while tanycytes limit spread to surrounding brain tissue.Drug Delivery Challenges: Small lipid-soluble drugs, barrier disruption (e.g. focused ultrasound), and “Trojan-horse” strategies each have limitations; intranasal delivery shows rapid brain distribution.Peptides & Brain Effects: Gut peptides like GLP-1 analogs, insulin, and ghrelin influence cognition and memory; brain entry predicts central effects.GUEST: William Banks, MD is a physician-scientist and leading researcher on the blood-brain barrier. He has focused on humoral brain-body communication, peptide transport, and the barrier's role in health and disease.RELATED CONTENT:M&M 298 | GLP-1s & Novel Peptides in Obesity, Diabetes & Metabolic Health | Katrin SvenssonSupport the showSupport my work:Good Chemistry: Personalized, science-based health consulting. Work with Dr. Nick Jikomes directly.Affiliate Partners: Visit this link to see my affiliate partners and get discounts codes for products & services to support health.For all the ways you can support my efforts.

Drs Kaniksha Desai and Sangeeta Kashyap discuss the complex and clinically important relationship between obesity and the thyroid gland. This podcast is intended for healthcare professionals only. To read a partial transcript or to comment, visit: https://www.medscape.com/index/list_15483_0 Kaniksha Desai, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California Sangeeta Kashyap, MD, Professor of Clinical Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York

There is a fundamental link between diabetes and kidney care. But while there are many medications available to improve CKD outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes, the same options are not available for people with type 1. In this special episode, Dr. Neil Skolnik speaks with Janet McGill, MD, MA, FACE, FACP about the underdiscussed prevalence of CKD in type 1 and the importance of continued development in this area. This special episode is sponsored with support from Bayer. Please listen to the episodes by clicking on the podcast player below or by freely subscribing to Diabetes Core Update via Apple Podcasts, Amazon Music, Spotify, or your preferred podcast platform. Presented by: Neil Skolnik, MD, Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program, Abington Jefferson Health Janet B. McGill, MD, MA, FACE, FACP, Professor of Medicine at the University of Washington's John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research Selected References: Chronic Kidney Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2026. The American Diabetes Association's Standards of Care 2026, Diabetes Care 2026;49 (Supplement_1):S246–S260 Finerenone in Type 1 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease. N Engl J Med 2026;394:947-957 Effect of Finerenone on Chronic Kidney Disease Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med 2020;383:2219-2229 Dapagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. N Engl J Med 2020;383:1436-1446 Effects of Semaglutide on Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med 2024;391:109-121

Understanding how values and communication styles differ across cultures is key to succeeding internationally. That’s why training in cross-cultural communication has become commonplace in the international business world. In this session, we’ll look at 6 dimensions of cross-cultural communication and their application to medical scenarios.

Send us Fan MailEndogenous peptide diversity, GLP-1 drugs, and methods for novel peptide discovery.TOPICS DISCUSSED:Peptide Structure & Production: Short amino acid chains (3-50 residues) cleaved from larger precursors by PCSK enzymes, stored in dense-core vesicles, and released upon stimuli rather than acting as folded enzymes like proteins.Tissue-Specific Processing: The same precursor yields different peptides by tissue; preproglucagon produces glucagon in pancreas but GLP-1 in gut L-cells due to distinct cleavage patterns.Signaling Timescales: Peptides act over minutes via GPCRs and can drive longer transcriptional changes such as FOS expression, yet are cleared rapidly by proteases and kidneys.Endogenous GLP-1: Meal-stimulated incretin from gut that boosts insulin secretion with a half-life of only minutes, limiting primary action to periphery rather than deep brain structures.GLP-1 Engineering for Brain Access: DPP4 site mutations plus lipid conjugation enable albumin binding, extend half-life, and raise brain exposure.Dose-Dependent Effects: Low GLP-1 doses mainly lower blood glucose via pancreas; higher doses engage hindbrain and hypothalamic neurons to suppress appetite and alter food preference.Novel Peptide Discovery: Computational scans across the genome flag hundreds of uncharacterized precursors, facilitating new peptide discovery.BRP Peptide: This newly discovered brain-derived peptide suppresses feeding in GLP-1 receptor knockout mice, activates non-overlapping neurons, and does not slow gastric emptying.ABOUT THE GUEST: Katrin Svensson, PhD, is a biochemist and physiologist who leads a laboratory at Stanford University focused on peptide hormone physiology and the regulation of energy balance.PRACTICAL TAKEAWAYS:GLP-1 drugs require higher doses to engage brain satiety circuits for meaningful weight loss; lower doses primarily improve glucose control with little effect on appetite.Response varies widely across individuals, with some losing over 25% body weight while others see minimal change.Emerging peptides under study may suppress appetite via brain pathways that avoid the gastric slowing responsible for common GI side effects of current GLP-1 drugs.Research peptides purchased online frequently show variable purity below pharmaceutical standards and may contain unsafe formulation components or aggregates.Support the showSupport my work:Good Chemistry: Personalized, science-based health consulting. Work with Dr. Nick Jikomes directly.Affiliate Partners: Visit this link to see my affiliate partners and get discounts codes for products & services to support health.For all the ways you can support my efforts.

NMN has become a familiar name on supplement shelves, marketed as a tool for slowing aging and boosting energy. Here's a closer look at what it is and what the research shows.What Is NMN, and Why Does It Matter?Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a molecule the body uses to build nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a coenzyme essential to nearly every cell. NAD+ powers cellular energy production and acts as a signaling molecule, regulating DNA repair, immune responses, and epigenetic changes — the chemical switches that turn genes on and off. The body can also make NAD+ from tryptophan, vitamin B3, and nicotinamide riboside (NR), but NMN converts into NAD+ rapidly once ingested.NAD+ levels decline naturally with age, and that decline tracks with several hallmarks of aging. Human skin studies show a roughly 70 percent drop in NAD+ alongside rising oxidative DNA damage; liver tissue shows about a 30 percent loss between ages 45 and 60; and brain imaging shows a 10 to 25 percent decline from adolescence to old age. Because NAD+ supports energy metabolism, cardiovascular and neurological protection, DNA repair, and anti-inflammatory activity, NMN supplementation has become a key strategy for offsetting this decline.If you would like to learn more about the show, please feel free to visit ourwebsite at foreveryoungradioshow.com where you can listen to past shows and read fantastic articles.We have a great show planned today and will talk about the popularity of NMN & NAD. We will cover why and the science behind it.  To help us unpack all the research and studies we have, Dr. Stengler joined us today.In addition to authoring 30 books on health and several best-sellers such as “The Natural Physician's Healing Therapies,” “Prescription for Natural Cures,” “Prescription for Drug Alternatives,” and “Outside the Box Cancer Therapies,” Dr. Stengler has been published in several peer-reviewed medical journals such as The International Journal of Family & Community Medicine, Endocrinology & Metabolism International Journal, and Journal of Nutritional Health & Food Engineering.Dr. Stengler's, NMD. The newest book is called, The Holistic Guide to Gut Health.A comprehensive yet accessible approach to healing leaky gut and the many uncomfortable symptoms it causes. Dr Stengler is also the founder of The Stengler Center for Integrative Medicine.Learn more about Dr. Mark StenglerLearn more about Emerald Labs NMN+Red Orange Complex

In this episode we engage in an enlightening conversation with Dr. Jerilynn Prior, a trailblazing endocrinologist and professor at the University of British Columbia. Dr. Prior shares her 40+ years of research on the importance of progesterone in women's reproductive health, the reality of hormonal fluctuations during perimenopause, and how understanding ovulatory disturbances can promote lifelong well-being.This episode is a must-listen for women seeking to optimize their fertility, manage perimenopausal symptoms, and gain deeper insights into their menstrual health.Key takeaways:The importance of balancing estrogen with progesterone for reproductive and overall health.Ovulatory disturbances are common and adaptive but need attention when persistent.Perimenopausal symptoms are often linked to fluctuating estrogen levels and insufficient progesterone.Regular ovulation predicts better bone, heart, and lifelong health.Progesterone therapy effectively reduces menopausal symptoms like night sweats and sleep disturbances.Dr. Jerilynn Prior Bio: Jerilynn C. Prior is a Professor of Endocrinology and Metabolism at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, BC, working on women's health. She has spent her career studying menstrual cycles and the effects of the cycle's changing estrogen and progesterone hormone levels on women's health. In 2002, she founded the Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research (CeMCOR) and serves as the Centre's Scientific Director. She is also the British Columbia Centre Director of the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos), a 20-year prospective 9-centre population-based bone and general health study. Dr. Prior studies menstrual cycles, the effects of ovulation and its disturbances on women's later life osteoporotic fracture, heart attack and breast cancer risks. She has studied progesterone as a treatment for hypothalamic (stress related) period disturbances, low bone density, and for hot flushes and night sweats in menopausal women (1 year since their last flow) and in perimenopausal women (who are in the transition but not yet menopausal).Where To Find Dr. Jerilynn Prior: CEMCOR - Center for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research - https://cemcor.ubc.ca/Books: Estrogen's Storm Season - https://www.amazon.ca/dp/B078JSRFKRRESEARCHS:Menstrual cycle, follicular and luteal phase variabilitiesHere's a paper we just published in Human Reproduction—showing that it is nonsense to believe the luteal phase is fixed at 14 days. Henry, Sarah https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deae215Menstrual cramps and ovulationBecause menstrual cramps are said to only occur in ovulatory cycles, we analyzed cramps in both groups—women with anovulation had more intense cramps that lasted longer! https://doi:10.2147/JPR.S457484.Very important when discussing perimenopauseWe showed significantly decreased night sweats and improved sleep, no change in periods and a significant decrease in perimenopausal interference with daily life.Here's the open access link https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-35826-wMore progress toward a new therapy for PCOS—we completed a feasibility study of cyclic progesterone (14 days/cycle) and spironolactone (an anti-androgen)—our primary outcome was a five part PCOS-specific quality of life instrument. This confirms my hypotheses in this blog post some years ago https://helloclue.com/articles/cycle-a-z/the-case-for-a-new-pcos-therapyEndometriosis and Brown Adipose Tissue—need assistance recruitingWe're currently recruiting for women with endometriosis ages 19-35 who are not using hormones and are without chronic pain https://www.cemcor.ca/endometriosis-and-brown-adipose-tissue-bat-activity-studyWe're studying Brown Adipose Tissue activity in women with endometriosis and normally ovulatory controls.

The Endocrine Society recently released a new Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) on Central Precocious Puberty. Among its many recommendations, the CPG says some subgroups of children with precocious puberty—such as older girls with slowly progressing puberty—may not need the same level of testing or treatment.Central precocious puberty happens when a child's brain activates puberty-related hormones too early—before age 8 years in girls and before age 9 years in boys. This early hormone signaling triggers physical changes such as breast development in girls, testicular enlargement in boys, rapid growth, and, in some cases, early menstruation.Host Aaron Lohr talks with authors of the CPG on Central Precocious Puberty: Ana Latronico, MD, PhD, Professor of Endocrinology and Metabolism at Sao Paolo University and Stephanie Roberts, MD, pediatric endocrinologist and Assistant Professor of Pediatrics at Boston Children's Hospital.

Many women are prescribed oral estrogen without ever being told what happens after it enters the body. In this episode, Dr. Brendan McCarthy takes a deeper look at estrone, the estrogen metabolite created when estradiol is taken orally, and explains why the delivery method of hormone therapy matters. You'll learn: The difference between estradiol and estrone Why oral estrogen creates significantly higher estrone levels How estrone may contribute to inflammation and insulin resistance The connection between estrogen metabolism and weight gain during perimenopause and menopause Why monitoring labs is essential when using hormone therapy The importance of understanding risks, benefits, and treatment options before starting hormones Dr. McCarthy also discusses the role of inflammation, body fat, metabolic health, and hormone delivery systems in creating long-term outcomes for women navigating menopause. This episode is about education, informed consent, and helping women better understand the science behind their care.   Citations: There is more than one estrogen; after menopause, estrone dominates Kuhl, Herbert. “Pharmacology of Estrogens and Progestogens: Influence of Different Routes of Administration.” Climacteric, vol. 8, no. S1, 2005, pp. 3–63. Body fat is an endocrine organ — aromatase converts androstenedione into estrone, and adipose becomes the dominant post-menopausal estrogen source Lee, Angel A., and Laura J. Den Hartigh. “Metabolic Impact of Endogenously Produced Estrogens by Adipose Tissue in Females and Males across the Lifespan.” Frontiers in Endocrinology, vol. 16, 2025, article 1682231. Inflamed fat raises IL-6; IL-6 tracks the insulin-resistant state Kern, Philip A., et al. “Adipose Tissue Tumor Necrosis Factor and Interleukin-6 Expression in Human Obesity and Insulin Resistance.” American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, vol. 280, no. 5, 2001, pp. E745–E751. IL-6 is part of the insulin-resistance machinery — it correlates with impaired insulin-stimulated glucose uptake Bastard, Jean-Philippe, et al. “Adipose Tissue IL-6 Content Correlates with Resistance to Insulin Activation of Glucose Uptake Both In Vivo and In Vitro.” The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol. 87, no. 5, 2002, pp. 2084–2089. Inflammation amplifies aromatase — IL-6 raises aromatase via COX-2/PGE2 Bowers, Laura W., et al. “Obesity-Associated Systemic Interleukin-6 Promotes Pre-Adipocyte Aromatase Expression via Increased Breast Cancer Cell Prostaglandin E2 Production.” Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, vol. 149, no. 1, 2015, pp. 49–57. Human-tissue confirmation: HOMA-IR, IL-6, insulin, leptin, hsCRP track breast aromatase after menopause Brown, Kristy A., et al. “Menopause Is a Determinant of Breast Aromatase Expression and Its Associations with BMI, Inflammation, and Systemic Markers.” The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol. 102, no. 5, 2017, pp. 1692–1701. Iyengar, Neil M., et al. “Effects of Obesity on Breast Aromatase Expression and Systemic Metabo-Inflammation in Women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 Mutations.” npj Breast Cancer, vol. 7, no. 1, 2021, article 18. The molecular crux: estrone drives ERα/NF-κB inflammatory signaling while estradiol opposes it Qureshi, Rehana, et al. “The Major Pre- and Postmenopausal Estrogens Play Opposing Roles in Obesity-Driven Mammary Inflammation and Breast Cancer Development.” Cell Metabolism, vol. 31, no. 6, 2020, pp. 1154–1172.e9. Estrone as a metabolic-risk signal — prospectively associated with diabetes (note: male cohort) Jasuja, Guneet Kaur, et al. “Circulating Estrone Levels Are Associated Prospectively with Diabetes Risk in Men of the Framingham Heart Study.” Diabetes Care, vol. 36, no. 9, 2013, pp. 2591–2596.   Dr. Brendan McCarthy is the founder and Chief Medical Officer of Protea Medical Center in Arizona. With over two decades of experience, he's helped thousands of patients navigate hormonal imbalances using bioidentical HRT, nutrition, and root-cause medicine. He's also taught and mentored other physicians on integrative approaches to hormone therapy, weight loss, fertility, and more. If you're ready to take your health seriously, this podcast is a great place to start.

In this podcast, Jennifer Green, MD, and Jay H. Shubrook, DO, FAAFP, FACOFP, share strategies for integrating incretin-based therapies in type 2 diabetes (T2D) management in the primary care setting, including: Importance of moving beyond a glucose-centric approach to T2D care  Current evidence for incretin-based therapies in T2D Rationale for integrating these therapies into the primary care setting Shared decision-making strategies to discuss optimal T2D treatment options with patients Timing for endocrinology referral Presenters: Jennifer Green, MD Professor of Medicine Division of Endocrinology Duke Clinical Research Institute Duke University School of Medicine Durham, North Carolina Jay H. Shubrook, DO, FAAFP, FACOFP Professor, Diabetologist Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Medicine Touro University California, College of Osteopathic Medicine Vallejo, California Full program link: https://bit.ly/4uSKCqv Get access to all of our new podcasts by subscribing to the Decera Clinical Education Multispecialty Podcast on Apple Podcasts, YouTube Music, or Spotify. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Stacie Dusetzina is a professor of health policy and of cancer research at the Vanderbilt University School of Medicine. Stephen Morrissey, the interviewer, is the Executive Managing Editor of the Journal. S.B. Dusetzina. Access to GLP-1s for Medicare Beneficiaries — A Bridge to Nowhere? N Engl J Med 2026;394:2385-2387.

What if one of the most important health crises affecting men today wasn't being caused by aging, but by the environment we live in? In this eye-opening solo episode, Darin Olien investigates the alarming decline in testosterone levels, fertility, and reproductive health among men worldwide. Drawing on decades of research, epidemiological studies, environmental science, endocrinology, and public health data, Darin examines the growing evidence connecting endocrine-disrupting chemicals, microplastics, sleep deprivation, chronic stress, poor lifestyle habits, and environmental toxins to declining testosterone levels across generations. From BPA, phthalates, atrazine, PFAS, and microplastics to sleep quality, circadian rhythms, cholesterol metabolism, cortisol regulation, and natural testosterone-supporting strategies, this episode explores what may be one of the most underreported public health issues of our time—and what men can do to take control of their health today.     What You'll Learn Why testosterone levels have been declining for decades The startling research on global sperm count decline How endocrine-disrupting chemicals interfere with hormone production Why BPA and phthalates may disrupt testosterone synthesis The role of atrazine, PFAS, and environmental toxins How chronic stress diverts resources away from testosterone production Why sleep may be the most important testosterone intervention The connection between cholesterol and hormone production How microplastics are being found throughout the human body The surprising relationship between statins and testosterone levels Natural lifestyle strategies that support healthy hormone production Practical steps to reduce environmental exposure and improve health     Chapters 00:00:00 – Welcome to SuperLife 00:00:33 – Sponsor: Fatty15 and cellular health 00:04:17 – The testosterone collapse explained 00:04:51 – Testosterone levels have been declining for decades 00:06:03 – Global sperm count decline and accelerating trends 00:07:02 – Why treating symptoms misses the root cause 00:07:27 – The hidden public health crisis 00:08:03 – Why low testosterone isn't just about aging 00:09:12 – Why hormone health affects longevity 00:09:53 – Low testosterone and increased mortality risk 00:10:35 – Testosterone's role in metabolism and cardiovascular health 00:11:27 – Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and hormone disruption 00:12:44 – BPA and its effects on testosterone production 00:13:59 – Phthalates and their impact on hormone pathways 00:16:00 – Glyphosate, atrazine, and pesticide exposure 00:17:07 – PFAS and reproductive health concerns 00:17:55 – Environmental toxins and population-wide effects 00:18:11 – Sponsor: Shakeology 00:20:02 – Cholesterol and hormone production 00:20:53 – Chronic stress and cortisol dominance 00:21:45 – Actionable solutions begin 00:21:56 – Why sleep is essential for testosterone production 00:23:07 – How sleep deprivation rapidly lowers testosterone 00:23:21 – Light pollution and circadian disruption 00:23:41 – Foods and nutrients needed for hormone health 00:24:23 – Microplastics and testicular tissue 00:24:53 – Statins and unintended hormonal consequences 00:25:39 – A practical testosterone sovereignty protocol 00:25:48 – Water filtration and reducing toxic exposure 00:26:13 – Eliminating plastics and fragrance chemicals 00:26:35 – Why organic food matters 00:26:45 – Sunlight and vitamin D 00:27:05 – Magnesium, omega-3s, and iodine 00:27:26 – Pine pollen and natural androgen support 00:28:01 – Tongkat Ali and ashwagandha 00:28:48 – Strength training and lifestyle interventions 00:29:10 – Habits that naturally support testosterone 00:29:27 – Darin's approach to healthy aging 00:29:37 – Plants, herbs, and common sense 00:29:51 – Reclaiming your health and sovereignty 00:30:00 – Final thoughts and closing message     Thank You to Our Sponsors Fatty15: Get an additional 15% off their 90-day subscription Starter Kit by going to fatty15.com/DARIN and using code DARIN at checkout. Shakeology: Get 15% off with code DARINO1BODI at Shakeology.com.     Join the SuperLife Patreon: This is where Darin now shares the deeper work: - weekly voice notes - ingredient trackers - wellness challenges - extended conversations - community accountability - sovereignty practices Join now for only $7.49/month at https://patreon.com/darinolien     Find More from Darin Olien: Website: darinolien.com Instagram: @darinolien Book: Fatal Conveniences Platform & Products: superlife.com New Show: Roadmap to Happiness     Key Takeaway "The testosterone crisis may be about far more than aging. It may be a reflection of the modern environment itself—one increasingly saturated with endocrine-disrupting chemicals, chronic stress, poor sleep, circadian disruption, and toxic exposures. While many of these forces feel outside our control, the encouraging reality is that many of the most powerful interventions remain accessible: improving sleep, reducing toxic load, eating whole foods, getting sunlight, managing stress, exercising regularly, and reclaiming responsibility for our health. The goal isn't fear. The goal is awareness—and action."     Bibliography/Sources: The Decline — Primary Research Levine, H., Jørgensen, N., Martino-Andrade, A., et al. (2022). Temporal trends in sperm count: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis of samples collected globally in the 20th and 21st centuries. Human Reproduction Update, 29(2), 157–176. https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmac035 Lokeshwar, S. D., Patel, P., Fantus, R. J., et al. (2021). Decline in testosterone levels in men aged 15–40: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 1999–2016. World Journal of Urology, 39(2), 447–452. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-020-03227-1 Spital Clinic. (2026, March). Declining testosterone levels by generation. https://www.spitalclinic.com Travison, T. G., Araujo, A. B., O'Donnell, A. B., Kupelian, V., & McKinlay, J. B. (2007). A population-level decline in serum testosterone levels in American men. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 92(1), 196–202. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2006-1375 Low Testosterone — Mortality & Disease Risk Muraleedharan, V., Marsh, H., Kapoor, D., Channer, K. S., & Jones, T. H. (2013). Testosterone deficiency is associated with increased risk of mortality and testosterone replacement improves survival in men with type 2 diabetes. European Journal of Endocrinology, 169(6), 725–733. https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-13-0321 Shores, M. M., et al. (2006). Low testosterone associated with increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Archives of Internal Medicine, 166(15), 1660–1665. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/410754 Yeap, B. B., Marriott, R. J., Dwivedi, G., et al. (2024). Associations of testosterone and related hormones with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and incident cardiovascular disease in men. Annals of Internal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.7326/M23-2781 Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals Associations between endocrine-disrupting chemical exposure and fertility outcomes: A decade of human epidemiological evidence. (2024). PubMed Central (PMC12299029). https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12299029/ Hayes, T. B., Haston, K., Tsui, M., et al. (2002). Herbicides: Feminization of male frogs in the wild. Nature, 419, 895–896. https://doi.org/10.1038/419895a Mechanisms of testicular disruption from exposure to BPA and phthalates. (2020). Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9(2), 471. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7074154/ Meeker, J. D., Calafat, A. M., & Hauser, R. (2014). Urinary phthalate metabolites and their biotransformation products: Predictors and temporal variability among men and women. Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/08/140814124330.htm Zhao, Q., et al. (2023). Male reproductive toxicity of microplastics: Head and tail of the sperm. Science of the Total Environment, 872, 162181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162181 Zhong, B., et al. (2024). Mixed EDC exposure associated with reductions in testosterone and free androgen index. Scientific Reports. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-76972-z Cortisol, Stress & the HPG Axis Bielohuby, M., et al. (2012). Swiss military cadets prolonged stress study. Psychoneuroendocrinology. Preprints.org. (2025). Sleep deprivation: A modifiable cause. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202505.0580.v1 SiPhox Health. (n.d.). Summary of Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism data. https://www.siphoxhealth.com Viau, V. (2002). Functional cross-talk between the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal and -adrenal axes. Journal of Neuroendocrinology, 14(6), 506–513. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2826.2002.00798.x Sleep & Testosterone Leproult, R., & Van Cauter, E. (2011). Effect of 1 week of sleep restriction on testosterone levels in young healthy men. JAMA, 305(21), 2173–2174. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/1029127 Reiter, R. J., et al. (2021). Melatonin and male reproductive health: Relationship to oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and Leydig cell protection. Endocrine. Tan, D. X., Hardeland, R., Manchester, L. C., et al. (2023). Melatonin as a pleiotropic antioxidant hormone. Journal of Pineal Research. Nutrition — Zinc, Vitamin D, Cholesterol Corona, G., et al. (2010). Statin therapy and testosterone levels in men: A systematic review. The Journal of Sexual Medicine. Daniell, H. W. (2002). Hypogonadism in men consuming sustained-action oral opioids. The Journal of Pain, 3(5), 377–384. https://doi.org/10.1054/jpai.2002.126790 Pilz, S., Frisch, S., Koertke, H., et al. (2011). Effect of vitamin D supplementation on testosterone levels in men. Hormone and Metabolic Research, 43(3), 223–225. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1269854 Prasad, A. S., Mantzoros, C. S., Beck, F. W., Hess, J. W., & Brewer, G. J. (1996). Zinc status and serum testosterone levels of healthy adults. Nutrition, 12(5), 344–348. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0899-9007(96)80058-X Natural Testosterone Support — Botanical Evidence Pine pollen impacts testosterone-related symptoms in men. (2024). ACMCR Case Reports, 14(5), 1–9. Chinnappan, S. M., George, A., et al. (2021). Effect of Eurycoma longifolia standardised extract Physta on testosterone levels in ageing males: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre study. Food & Nutrition Research, 65. https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v65.5647 Lazarev, A., & Bezuglov, E. (2021). Testosterone boosters intake in athletes: Current evidence and further directions. Endocrines, 2(2), 109–120. https://doi.org/10.3390/endocrines2020011 Leisegang, K., et al. (2022). Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali) improves serum total testosterone in men. Food & Nutrition Research. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36013514/ Leitão, A. E., et al. (2021). 6-month double-blind RCT: Eurycoma longifolia 200mg + concurrent training. Maturitas. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.10.005 Lopresti, A. L., Smith, S. J., et al. (2019). An investigation into the stress-relieving and pharmacological actions of an ashwagandha extract. Medicine, 98(37), e17186. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000017186 Pandit, S., Biswas, S., Jana, U., De, R. K., Mukhopadhyay, S. C., & Biswas, T. K. (2016). Clinical evaluation of purified shilajit on testosterone levels in healthy volunteers. Andrologia, 48(5), 570–575. https://doi.org/10.1111/and.12482 Saden-Krehula, M., Tajic, M., & Kolbah, D. (1971). Testosterone, epitestosterone and androstenedione in the pollen of Scotch pine Pinus sylvestris L. Experientia, 27(1), 108–109. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02137731 Wankhede, S., Langade, D., Joshi, K., et al. (2015). Examining the effect of Withania somnifera supplementation on muscle strength and recovery: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 12, 43. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-015-0104-9

Ozempic, Wegovy and Mounjaro can help people lose weight. But what should you eat on GLP-1 drugs to avoid side effects, protect muscle, and maintain results long term? In this episode, Dr Federica Amati, ZOE's Head Nutritionist and author of The Appetite Reset, explains how these drugs work, why many people struggle with side effects, and why losing weight does not automatically mean better health. You'll learn why the weight lost may not be fat, why nutrient deficiencies, dehydration and muscle loss can become a risk, and what to eat before, during and after treatment. Federica shares four practical principles to help reduce side effects, protect lean mass, improve diet quality and support long-term health whether you stay on these medications or eventually stop taking them. Millions of people are now using GLP-1 drugs. But if these medications reduce appetite so effectively, how do you make sure your body still gets the nutrients it needs?

A memoir of a child's forced relocation to Siberia under Stalin's Gulag system reveals the potential for true human kindness in the face of extraordinary hardship.  In April of 1940, six-year-old Ida woke to the sound of pounding on her door. Soviet soldiers forcibly packed her and her mother onto a train with thousands of their neighbors and deported them to remote Siberia, leaving them stranded to survive the brutal winter in subhuman conditions. Looking back, Ida shares their struggles: foraging for food, trying to reunite with her imprisoned father, spending weeks in a desolate hospital with typhoid fever, and adapting to shifts in the political climate to make the long journey home to Poland. Ida published this acclaimed memoir in her native Polish in 2011. Here, Ida's granddaughter, Isabella Skrypczak, translates her babcia's words and provides additional context—including describing the remarkable life Ida has gone on to live as a pioneering doctor. In the vein of Anne Frank's The Diary of a Young Girl, A Polish Girl in Siberia: Surviving and Transcending Exile (Disruption Books, 2026) chronicles Ida's experiences on a lesser-known front of the Second World War. Together, Ida and Isabella reflect on how every small act of kindness contributed to Ida's liberation from exile and ability to build a life and a family. Her story celebrates the capacity of the human spirit to not only survive trauma but thrive beyond it.Ida Kinalska-Pietruska survived childhood exile to Siberia during the Soviet Union's World War II assault on Poland. When she returned to Poland as a teen, she began studying medicine. A pioneering endocrinologist, she founded the School of Endocrinology and Diabetology in Białystok and led the region's first endocrinology clinic for twenty years. Ida has authored more than four hundred publications, mentored countless other doctors, and collaborated across the international medical community, including using her research to make widely known the Chernobyl disaster's effects on people's endocrinological health. She has been honored with the Order Odrodzenia Polski, Poland's second-highest civilian state award, and two Doctor Honoris Causa titles, reflecting her resilience, brilliance, and global impact on science and humanity.Isabella Skrypczak is an author, intuitive healer, and former HR professional in Big Tech whose work bridges the seen and unseen. Born to Polish immigrants and raised in Houston, Texas, she spent every summer with her grandmother in Poland. When her grandmother's memoir gained national attention in Polish media, Iza felt called to translate it into English—an act of love, remembrance, and advocacy. As war returned to Eastern Europe, she recognized the urgency in sharing this history with the Western world. She lives in Austin, Texas, with her daughter, Kamila.Stephen Satkiewicz is an independent scholar with research areas spanning Civilizational Sciences, Social Complexity, Big History, Historical Sociology, Military History, War Studies, International Relations, Geopolitics, and Russian and East European history. He is currently the Book Review Editor for Comparative Civilizations Review. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

A memoir of a child's forced relocation to Siberia under Stalin's Gulag system reveals the potential for true human kindness in the face of extraordinary hardship.  In April of 1940, six-year-old Ida woke to the sound of pounding on her door. Soviet soldiers forcibly packed her and her mother onto a train with thousands of their neighbors and deported them to remote Siberia, leaving them stranded to survive the brutal winter in subhuman conditions. Looking back, Ida shares their struggles: foraging for food, trying to reunite with her imprisoned father, spending weeks in a desolate hospital with typhoid fever, and adapting to shifts in the political climate to make the long journey home to Poland. Ida published this acclaimed memoir in her native Polish in 2011. Here, Ida's granddaughter, Isabella Skrypczak, translates her babcia's words and provides additional context—including describing the remarkable life Ida has gone on to live as a pioneering doctor. In the vein of Anne Frank's The Diary of a Young Girl, A Polish Girl in Siberia: Surviving and Transcending Exile (Disruption Books, 2026) chronicles Ida's experiences on a lesser-known front of the Second World War. Together, Ida and Isabella reflect on how every small act of kindness contributed to Ida's liberation from exile and ability to build a life and a family. Her story celebrates the capacity of the human spirit to not only survive trauma but thrive beyond it.Ida Kinalska-Pietruska survived childhood exile to Siberia during the Soviet Union's World War II assault on Poland. When she returned to Poland as a teen, she began studying medicine. A pioneering endocrinologist, she founded the School of Endocrinology and Diabetology in Białystok and led the region's first endocrinology clinic for twenty years. Ida has authored more than four hundred publications, mentored countless other doctors, and collaborated across the international medical community, including using her research to make widely known the Chernobyl disaster's effects on people's endocrinological health. She has been honored with the Order Odrodzenia Polski, Poland's second-highest civilian state award, and two Doctor Honoris Causa titles, reflecting her resilience, brilliance, and global impact on science and humanity.Isabella Skrypczak is an author, intuitive healer, and former HR professional in Big Tech whose work bridges the seen and unseen. Born to Polish immigrants and raised in Houston, Texas, she spent every summer with her grandmother in Poland. When her grandmother's memoir gained national attention in Polish media, Iza felt called to translate it into English—an act of love, remembrance, and advocacy. As war returned to Eastern Europe, she recognized the urgency in sharing this history with the Western world. She lives in Austin, Texas, with her daughter, Kamila.Stephen Satkiewicz is an independent scholar with research areas spanning Civilizational Sciences, Social Complexity, Big History, Historical Sociology, Military History, War Studies, International Relations, Geopolitics, and Russian and East European history. He is currently the Book Review Editor for Comparative Civilizations Review. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/biography

A memoir of a child's forced relocation to Siberia under Stalin's Gulag system reveals the potential for true human kindness in the face of extraordinary hardship.  In April of 1940, six-year-old Ida woke to the sound of pounding on her door. Soviet soldiers forcibly packed her and her mother onto a train with thousands of their neighbors and deported them to remote Siberia, leaving them stranded to survive the brutal winter in subhuman conditions. Looking back, Ida shares their struggles: foraging for food, trying to reunite with her imprisoned father, spending weeks in a desolate hospital with typhoid fever, and adapting to shifts in the political climate to make the long journey home to Poland. Ida published this acclaimed memoir in her native Polish in 2011. Here, Ida's granddaughter, Isabella Skrypczak, translates her babcia's words and provides additional context—including describing the remarkable life Ida has gone on to live as a pioneering doctor. In the vein of Anne Frank's The Diary of a Young Girl, A Polish Girl in Siberia: Surviving and Transcending Exile (Disruption Books, 2026) chronicles Ida's experiences on a lesser-known front of the Second World War. Together, Ida and Isabella reflect on how every small act of kindness contributed to Ida's liberation from exile and ability to build a life and a family. Her story celebrates the capacity of the human spirit to not only survive trauma but thrive beyond it.Ida Kinalska-Pietruska survived childhood exile to Siberia during the Soviet Union's World War II assault on Poland. When she returned to Poland as a teen, she began studying medicine. A pioneering endocrinologist, she founded the School of Endocrinology and Diabetology in Białystok and led the region's first endocrinology clinic for twenty years. Ida has authored more than four hundred publications, mentored countless other doctors, and collaborated across the international medical community, including using her research to make widely known the Chernobyl disaster's effects on people's endocrinological health. She has been honored with the Order Odrodzenia Polski, Poland's second-highest civilian state award, and two Doctor Honoris Causa titles, reflecting her resilience, brilliance, and global impact on science and humanity.Isabella Skrypczak is an author, intuitive healer, and former HR professional in Big Tech whose work bridges the seen and unseen. Born to Polish immigrants and raised in Houston, Texas, she spent every summer with her grandmother in Poland. When her grandmother's memoir gained national attention in Polish media, Iza felt called to translate it into English—an act of love, remembrance, and advocacy. As war returned to Eastern Europe, she recognized the urgency in sharing this history with the Western world. She lives in Austin, Texas, with her daughter, Kamila.Stephen Satkiewicz is an independent scholar with research areas spanning Civilizational Sciences, Social Complexity, Big History, Historical Sociology, Military History, War Studies, International Relations, Geopolitics, and Russian and East European history. He is currently the Book Review Editor for Comparative Civilizations Review. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/russian-studies

This week, BJ is joined by Dr. Robert Lustig. A Professor emeritus of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology at UCSF, and the author of numerous books you should read, including The Hacking of the American Mind, which is the subject of this week's interview. Dr. Lustig had a lot to say about the power corporations wield over us, Citizens United, and why you should cut as much sugar from your diet as you can. That's because, like the end result of Citizens United, sugar could kill you. Politically speaking of course.

With the launch of a new journal, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) is also launching a brand new podcast: The Points of CARE, the official podcast of Diabetes, Obesity, and CardioMetabolic CARE. Join hosts Richard Beaser, MD and Jane Reusch, MD, as they highlight key research findings, clinical implications, and emerging themes across diabetes, obesity, and cardiometabolic health through interviews with journal authors and subject-matter experts. 4:05 Our hosts speak with Anna Kahkoska, MD, PhD, Joan Heckler Gillings Assistant Professor in the Department of Nutrition and adjunct assistant professor of medicine in the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, as well as Joshua Niznik, PharmD, PhD, assistant professor in the Division of Geriatric Medicine within the UNC School of Medicine. Their article, "Qualitative Analysis of Patient Portal Messages From Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes," is available at doi.org/10.2337/doc25-0079. 14:10 Our hosts introduce Esben Thyssen Vestergaard, PhD, clinical associate professor in the Department of Clinical Medicine and Department of Pediatrics Aarhus University in Aarhus, Denmark. His article, "Clinic for Athletes With Type 1 Diabetes: Evaluation of a Structured Clinical Care Model for Physically Active Individuals," is available for free at doi.org/10.2337/doc25-0064. 21:40 Finally, Richard and Jane highlight some of their favorite articles from the May-June issue. Rezaeiahari, et al. Rural–Urban Differences in Use of Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support in Arkansas, 2015–2019 doi.org/10.2337/doc25-0065 Liu, et al. Trends in Nutrient Intake Among U.S. Adults by Diabetes Status: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2020 doi.org/10.2337/doc25-0076 Yanez Bello, et al. Barriers to the Adoption of Diabetes Technologies and the Implementation of Connected Insulin Pens in a Largely Minority Population With Type 1 Diabetes doi.org/10.2337/doc25-0072 Shehab, et al. Barriers to Effective Type 2 Diabetes Care in a Conflict-Affected Region of Syria: A Qualitative Study of Health Care Provider Perspectives doi.org/10.2337/doc26-0021 ElSayed, et al. Enhancing Physician Clinical Competency: A Cluster Randomized Trial of a Multimodal Online Educational Program in a Multinational Diabetes Workforce doi.org/10.2337/doci25-0007 Olesen, et al. A Danish Nationwide Cohort of Foot Health in Individuals With Diabetes From the Danish Foot Status Database doi.org/10.2337/doc26-0002 To learn more about Diabetes, Obesity, and CardioMetabolic CARE please visit diabetesjournals.org/docm-care. Thank you for listening, and don't forget to subscribe.

Drs Kaniksha Desai and Sara Lubitz discuss secondary hypothyroidism. This podcast is intended for healthcare professionals only. Kaniksha Desai, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California Sara E. Lubitz, MD, Professor, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey To read a partial transcript or to comment, visit: https://www.medscape.com/index/list_15483_0

In this special edition of Diabetes Core Update, Neil Skolnik discusses PATHWEIGH, a novel obesity care process for primary care clinicians which has demonstrated a decrease in population weight gain. This special episode is sponsored with support from Lilly. Presented by: Neil Skolnik, MD, Professor of Family and Community Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University; Associate Director, Family Medicine Residency Program, Abington Jefferson Health Leigh Perreault, MD, Professor of Pedicine in the Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, at the University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, CO Reference: Perreault, L., Pan, Q., Rodriguez, C. et al. Implementation and effectiveness of a care process to prioritize weight management in primary care: a stepped-wedge cluster-randomized trial. Nat Med 32, 645–652 (2026). 

In this episode, we discuss… ● How the brain controls reproductive hormones and communicates with the endocrine system.  ● How endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) interfere with brain-hormone communication. ● What EDCs are and how they disrupt normal hormonal signaling. The endocrine system explained through a simple "lock-and-key" hormone model. ● How EDCs can mimic or block natural hormones in the body. ● How EDCs disrupt hormone production, regulation, and overall balance in the body. ● The rise of synthetic chemicals after World War II and links to increasing endocrine and neurological disorders. ● The accidental discovery that BPA leaching from plastic caused reproductive harm in laboratory mice. ● Why endocrine disruption challenged the traditional idea that "the dose makes the poison." ● How chemicals like BPA can affect multiple hormone receptors at very low doses.....and so much more! Dr. Andrea Gore is Professor and Vacek Chair in Pharmacology at the University of Texas at Austin. Her research team is investigating fundamental mechanisms of how environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) perturb the developing brain; sex differences in EDC actions; and transgenerational epigenetic effects. Dr. Gore's research has been funded continuously by the NIH, NSF, and foundations since 1992. She has published 4 books and over 200 scientific papers. She was Editor-in-Chief of Endocrinology from 2013-2017 and was lead author of the Endocrine Society's two Scientific Statements on EDCs, and the Endocrine Society-IPEN Guides to EDCs, most recently in 2024. Dr. Gore is very active in advocacy for, mentorship of, and education of trainees. Over 150 undergraduates, graduate students, and fellows have conducted independent research in her laboratory at the University of Texas at Austin. Dr. Gore feels fortunate to have multiple passions beyond her research in environmental health: playing violin in an orchestra and string quartet; running a turtle and tortoise sanctuary; and her rescue dogs. Andrea C. Gore, PhD Professor and Vacek Distinguished University Chair in Pharmacology The University of Texas at Austin andrea.gore@austin.utexas.edu http://sites.utexas.edu/gore/

Deirdre Tobias is an associate professor in the Department of Nutrition at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and Brigham and Women's Hospital. Stephen Morrissey, the interviewer, is the Executive Managing Editor of the Journal. D.K. Tobias and F.B. Hu. The 2025–2030 Dietary Guidelines for Americans — Progress, Pitfalls, and the Path Forward. N Engl J Med 2026;394:1969-1971.

A breakthrough in inflammatory support has arrived in the natural health market. PEA, which stands for palmitoylethanolamide, is a naturally occurring fatty acid derivative made in the body and found in small amounts in foods. Several human studies have demonstrated that PEA has broad- spectrum pain-relieving properties, anti-inflammatory effects, and nerve protection.To help us unpack all the research and studies we have Dr. Stengler joining us today.In addition to authoring 30 books on health and several best-sellers such as “The Natural Physician's Healing Therapies,” “Prescription for Natural Cures,” “Prescription for Drug Alternatives,” and “Outside the Box Cancer Therapies,” Dr. Stengler has been published in several peer-reviewed medical journals such as The International Journal of Family & Community Medicine, Endocrinology & Metabolism International Journal, and Journal of Nutritional Health & Food Engineering.Dr. Stengler's, NMD. The newest book is called, The Holistic Guide to Gut Health. A comprehensive yet accessible approach to healing leaky gut and the many uncomfortable symptoms it causes. Dr Stengler is also the founder of The Stengler Center for Integrative Medicine.Talking Points:Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), is a naturally occurring fatty acid derivative made in the body and found in small amounts in foods.PEA was first discovered in 1957 by scientists at Merck Sharp & Dohme, who isolated it from egg yolk, peanut meal, and soy lecithin. They found that PEA had anti-inflammatory properties in guinea pigs.However, PEA's role as a potential therapeutic agent was not widely recognized until 1993, when Rita Levi-Montalcini and her colleagues published research that suggested PEA has anti-inflammatory properties. Levi-Montalcini's group termed PEA an autocoid local injury antagonist (ALIA), and suggested that it acts locally to counteract injury.Multiple studies have demonstrated that PEA improves all sorts of pain. For example, a 2023 analysis of 11 studies found that PEA improved pain of various conditions, including muscle and joints, nerves, gynecological, and digestive. In terms of joint pain, a high-quality study demonstrated that PEA significantly reduced adult joint pain compared to placebo. Moreover, 8 clinical trials demonstrated that PEA was effective for low back pain, sciatica, and carpal tunnel syndrome. Even migraine headache pain was shown in published research to be improved with PEA.Lipid mediators help to balance the immune, nervous, and endocrine systems, affecting pain pathways related to inflammation. But unfortunately, due to changing diets, many of us do not get the nutrition and activity we need to make enough PEA ourselves.Supplemental PEA, by Levagen+ is properly formulated for optimal bioavailability, 75% more bioavailable to cell receptors than dietary forms. Levagen+ liposomal delivery of PEA has been clinically studied and shows benefits in joint pain, nerve pain, migraine, infections, sleep, and cognitive function.Learn more about Dr. Mark Stengler, NMDLearn more about Emerald Labs PEA+ Levagen Use the code: Forever and get 20% off your order.

Today we're diving into a topic that so many people are curious about right now and that is concierge medicine. If you've ever felt rushed through a doctor's appointment, waited weeks to get in, or struggled to navigate the healthcare system, today's conversation is for you. MD² recently opened its Scottsdale practice in McCormick Ranch and is bringing a very different approach to healthcare. Their physicians care for only 50 families at a time, allowing for same day appointments for deeply personalized care and a true partnership in health and wellness. Joining us today is Dr. Bithika Thompson, a highly respected physician who spent more than a decade at Mayo Clinic Arizona and previously served as Chair of the Department of Endocrinology. She is nationally recognized for her work in diabetes, endocrinology, and patient centered care, and now she's helping bring MD²'s concierge model to Scottsdale alongside Dr. Leslie Thomas.  

Cortisol after cancer is the conversation nobody on my care team had with me. I was diagnosed with breast cancer in 2021 — invasive ductal carcinoma, stage one, grade two. I went through lumpectomy, radiation, ovarian suppression, and two years on an aromatase inhibitor before I had to come off because my bones were already in osteoporosis. Throughout all of it, my nervous system was screaming. My cortisol was running hot all day long, confirmed by a Dutch test. And not one doctor told me what stress was doing to my body or how to mitigate it. In this solo episode of Not Today Cancer, I'm walking you through the seven activities that lowered my cortisol...broken into the things that don't cost a dime (meditation, breathwork, walking outside, unplugging) and the things that do (acupuncture, energy healing, therapy). I'm also sharing the actual research behind each one, so you know this isn't woo...it's documented science.  What you'll learn: • Why cortisol is wrecked after a cancer diagnosis (and why mine was high long before) • The symptoms of high cortisol most breast cancer survivors miss • How mindfulness meditation protected the cortisol rhythm of breast cancer survivors in a randomized controlled trial • Why a single session of slow breathing drops cortisol immediately • The "nature pill" research showing 20–30 minutes outside lowers cortisol 21% per hour • Why the NCCN officially recommends acupuncture for cancer survivors If you're a breast cancer survivor, caregiver, or anyone whose body has been running on fumes...this episode is for you. We don't get the option of not mitigating stress. Pick one thing on this list and start tomorrow. Disclaimer: This episode reflects my personal experience and a summary of public research. It is not medical advice. Always consult your care team.

In this episode, I'm breaking down the four pillars of recomposition to help you shrink your body fat, build lean muscle, and reclaim the energy you had in your 20s. For 30 years, the fitness world has preached the same rule: you have to "bulk" to gain muscle, or "cut" to lose fat. But modern science shows us a different path. It is entirely possible to do both at the same time through a process called Body Recomposition. Sponsors: Sunlighten Sauna: https://get.sunlighten.com/axepodcast Manukora Manuka Honey: https://manukora.com/axe Caraway Home: carawayhome.com/drjoshaxe (Use code DRJOSHAXE) for an exclusive discount Watch The Dr. Josh Axe Show every Monday & Thursday on YouTube: ⁠⁠⁠https://www.youtube.com/@drjoshaxe?sub_confirmation=1⁠⁠⁠ 

Send us Fan MailToday we're going somewhere I've been wanting to go for a while — into the neuroscience of oxytocin. Not oxytocin as the cuddle hormone, though it is that too. Oxytocin as a brain-changing, nervous system-healing, plasticity-promoting substance that you can actually learn to stimulate intentionally through your daily practices.What we cover:What oxytocin actually is — beyond the "love hormone" label, it is a neuroplasticity agent that promotes new neuron growth, reshapes synaptic connections, and helps the brain become more open to change and healingThe oxytocin-safety loop — how oxytocin and the parasympathetic nervous system reinforce each other, and why this is the biological basis for healing happening in relationship and community rather than in isolationThe research on meditation — particularly loving-kindness, gratitude, and compassion-based practices — and why the heart-opening, relational quality of the practice matters more than meditation style aloneNadi Shodhana (alternate nostril breathing) — the honest framing of what the research does and doesn't yet show, and why the vagus nerve pathway makes it one of the most direct routes to oxytocin release we haveSeven everyday oxytocin releasers — gentle touch and self-massage, warmth, face-to-face community, humming and chanting, gratitude — and how each maps onto Ayurvedic practices you may already be doingFree downloads: Grab the one-page guide — 7 Ways to Release Oxytocin Today — with the science and Ayurvedic wisdom behind each practice. Click HereAnd my Self Abhyanga Guide HereResearch ReferencesOxytocin & Neural PlasticityPekarek, B.T., Hunt, P.J., & Arenkiel, B.R. (2020). Oxytocin and Sensory Network Plasticity. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 14, 30. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.00030Froemke, R.C., & Young, L.J. (2021). Oxytocin, Neural Plasticity, and Social Behavior. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 44, 359–381. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-neuro-102320-102847Meditation & OxytocinBellosta-Batalla, M., et al. (2020). Increased salivary oxytocin and reduced anxiety in a mindfulness and compassion-based intervention. Mindfulness. (Referenced in Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2024)Machida, S., Sunagawa, M., & Takahashi, T. (2018). Oxytocin release during the meditation of altruism and appreciation (Arigato-Zen). International Journal of Neurology Research, 4, 364–370.Resources:Free Masterclass:  The Alchemy of the Perimenopause PortalAyurvedic Dosha Quick Reference GuideAbhyanga Self Massage GuideWeekend Nervous System ResetNourished For Resilience Workbook Find me at www.nourishednervoussystem.comand @nourishednervoussytem on Instagram

Fasting is one of the most powerful healing practices in human history—it's free, requires zero equipment, and your body is literally designed for it. But while it sounds simple, there is a wrong way to do it, especially when it comes to the hormonal "engine switch" that happens in the first 24 hours. In this episode, I walk you through exactly what happens in your body during a 3-day fast, from clearing out "zombie cells" to the 60% drop in aging markers. Sponsors: Sunlighten Sauna: https://get.sunlighten.com/axepodcast Manukora Manuka Honey: https://manukora.com/axe Caraway Home: carawayhome.com/drjoshaxe (Use code DRJOSHAXE) for an exclusive discount Watch The Dr. Josh Axe Show every Monday & Thursday on YouTube: ⁠⁠https://www.youtube.com/@drjoshaxe?sub_confirmation=1⁠⁠ 

What if one of the biggest health threats on Earth… is something you can't see, taste, or even fully measure yet? In this urgent solo episode, Darin breaks down the rapidly escalating crisis of microplastics and nanoplastics infiltrating our bodies, water systems, and environment. What was once dismissed is now being acknowledged at the highest levels, with government agencies scrambling to understand and contain the damage. From plastics crossing the blood-brain barrier to disrupting hormones and carrying toxic chemicals deep into human tissue, this episode exposes the hidden cost of modern convenience, and more importantly, gives you practical, immediate actions you can take to protect yourself and your family. What You'll Learn Why microplastics are now considered a global health emergency How plastics accumulate in your body and environment The shocking truth about nanoplastics crossing the blood-brain barrier How plastics act as endocrine disruptors affecting hormones The connection between plastics and inflammation, fertility, and disease Why tap water and bottled water are both major exposure sources The role of PFAS ("forever chemicals") in long-term health damage How to filter and detox microplastics from your body Emerging science on breaking down plastics using bacteria and plants Simple, actionable steps to dramatically reduce your exposure Chapters 00:00:00 – Welcome to SuperLife 00:02:12 – Opening: committing to a clean, conscious life 00:02:27 – Fatal conveniences and why awareness matters 00:02:46 – Government officially flags microplastics as a crisis 00:03:04 – $100M+ initiatives to understand plastic contamination 00:03:38 – Microplastics in drinking water and daily exposure 00:04:20 – Plastics found in babies and human brains 00:04:45 – Why we still don't understand the full damage 00:05:08 – Nanoplastics crossing the blood-brain barrier 00:05:33 – Plastics as endocrine disruptors 00:06:02 – Hormonal imbalance, inflammation, and toxicity 00:06:30 – PFAS and the "forever chemical" crisis 00:06:59 – The #1 rule: stop using single-use plastic bottles 00:07:27 – Hidden dangers of "BPA-free" plastics 00:07:58 – Why you can no longer trust tap water 00:08:30 – The importance of high-quality water filtration 00:09:11 – Reverse osmosis systems and best practices 00:10:17 – Detox strategies: sweating and sauna use 00:10:59 – Fiber and plant-based diets binding toxins 00:11:24 – Medicinal mushrooms and beta glucans 00:11:52 – Microbes that break down plastic polymers 00:12:32 – Plant-based flocculants (okra, fenugreek) removing plastics 00:13:20 – Bio-sponges and advanced filtration innovations 00:13:46 – Magnetic separation technology 00:14:27 – Microplastics from clothing and laundry systems 00:15:16 – AI-assisted filtration and regulatory changes 00:15:55 – Light-activated breakdown of plastics 00:16:03 – Boiling water to remove up to 90% of microplastics 00:16:33 – Practical emergency water filtration methods 00:16:59 – Creating a low-toxicity lifestyle at home 00:17:20 – Final message: take control and protect your health 00:17:32 – Outro     Thank You to Our Sponsors Tru Niagen – Boost NAD+ levels for cellular health and longevity. Get 20% off with code DARIN20 at truniagen.com. Shakeology – Shakeology-All in One Nutrition: Get 15% off with code SUPERLIFE at Shakeology.com.     Join the SuperLife Patreon: This is where Darin now shares the deeper work: - weekly voice notes - ingredient trackers - wellness challenges - extended conversations - community accountability - sovereignty practices Join now for only $7.49/month at https://patreon.com/darinolien     Connect with Darin Olien: Website: darinolien.com Instagram: @darinolien Book: Fatal Conveniences Platform & Products: superlife.com New Show: Roadmap to Happiness     Key Takeaway: "We are living in a world where convenience has quietly introduced toxins into nearly every aspect of our lives, but you are not powerless. The moment you become aware, you can take action. And the small choices you make every day: what you drink from, how you filter your water, what you put into your body, can dramatically shift your long-term health and your family's future."     Bibliography/Sources: The News Hook — EPA CCL6 & STOMP Initiative Chemical & Engineering News. (2026, April 3). US government targets microplastics for research and potential drinking-water regulation. American Chemical Society. https://cen.acs.org Environmental Protection Agency. (2026, April 2). EPA takes bold action to ensure drinking water is safe from microplastics, pharmaceuticals, and potential hidden contaminants [Press release]. https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases Environmental Protection Agency & Department of Health and Human Services. (2026, April 2). EPA, HHS announce historic actions to protect Americans from microplastics and safeguard drinking water [Press release]. https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases Inside Climate News. (2026, April 3). EPA flags microplastics as 'priority' water contaminants, but the move doesn't guarantee regulation. https://insideclimatenews.org National Public Radio. (2026, April 2). EPA flags microplastics, pharmaceuticals as contaminants in drinking water. https://www.npr.org STAT News. (2026, April 2). EPA to put microplastics on study list of contaminants in drinking water. https://www.statnews.com The New Lede. (2026, April 2). EPA flags microplastics as 'priority' contaminants in drinking water. https://thenewlede.org U.S. Government. (2026). Public comment docket: EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0946. https://www.regulations.gov The Science — Brain Invasion & Cellular Damage ACS Environment & Health. (2025). Neurotoxicity of micro- and nanoplastics: A comprehensive review of CNS impacts. American Chemical Society. https://pubs.acs.org Journal of Nanobiotechnology. (2025). Maternal nanoplastic exposure led to impaired neuronal development in the fetal cortex. Springer Nature. PubMed Central. (2023). Micro-/nanoplastics breach the blood-brain barrier: Biomolecular corona's role revealed. National Institutes of Health. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov PubMed Central. (2024). A review on micro- and nanoplastics in humans: Translocation of barriers and potential health effects. National Institutes of Health. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov PubMed Central. (2025). Overall effects of microplastics on brain. National Institutes of Health. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ScienceDirect. (2025). Mechanisms of micro- and nanoplastics on blood-brain barrier crossing and neurotoxicity. Elsevier. https://www.sciencedirect.com The Science — Endocrine Disruption & Gut Health eClinicalMedicine. (2026). Phthalates attributed to nearly 2 million preterm births globally. The Lancet. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. (2024). Microplastics, human health, and the gut microbiome. Frontiers. https://www.frontiersin.org Frontiers in Endocrinology. (2023). A review of the endocrine disrupting effects of micro and nano plastic in mammals. Frontiers. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. (2025). Micro- and nanoplastics as disruptors of the endocrine system. MDPI. https://www.mdpi.com PubMed Central. (2025). Microplastics, endocrine disruptors, and oxidative stress. National Institutes of Health. Solutions — Filtration & Global Removal Technologies ACS Applied and Environmental Microbiology. (2024). Eco-microbiology: Discovering biochemical enhancers of PET biodegradation by Piscinibacter sakaiensis. American Chemical Society. ACS Omega. (2025). Thermostability and activity improvements of PETase from Ideonella sakaiensis. American Chemical Society. Environmental Science & Technology Letters. (2024). Drinking boiled tap water reduces human intake of nanoplastics and microplastics. American Chemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c00081 Srinivasan, R., et al. (2025). Fenugreek and okra polymers as treatment agents for the removal of microplastics from water sources. ACS Omega. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c07476 Yoshida, S., et al. (2016). A bacterium that degrades and assimilates poly(ethylene terephthalate). Science.  

Intermittent fasting may help with blood sugar, appetite, fat loss, and energy. But many people do it wrong.  In this episode, Professor James Betts, one of the world's leading experts on meal timing and its metabolic effects, explains what fasting actually is, how long you need to fast to see changes, and the key mistakes that can stop the benefits. Today, we break down what happens in your body when you stop eating and explain why it may support weight loss and blood sugar control, but also why fasting doesn't work for everyone. You will learn why breakfast may not matter, why the 5:2 diet often fails, and why eating even small amounts can stop a true fast. By the end of this episode, you will understand what counts as a real fast, how long your eating window may need to be, why longer is not always better if you cannot stick to it, and why planning your first meal matters, because hunger can drive poor choices. If fasting can work, but is not magic, what actually makes the difference: the timing, the consistency, or simply eating less?