Podcast appearances and mentions of George Medal

We're kicking off an exciting new chapter for the Centre for Army Leadership podcast with a fresh rebrand, featuring more diverse and interesting guests and a bold new look! In this episode, we're thrilled to welcome John Volanthen, a world record holding British cave diver and expert in underground exploration and rescue. John is best known for his pivotal role in the 2018 Tham Luang cave rescue in Thailand, where he was the first to locate the trapped youth soccer team, ultimately leading their rescue. John's career in cave diving has seen him break records, including setting a British cave diving depth record in 2004 and being part of the team that set a world record for the longest cave penetration in Spain. But it was his involvement in the Tham Luang rescue that truly brought him international acclaim. John, alongside his dive partner Rick Stanton, was instrumental in locating and rescuing the trapped boys, navigating dangerous conditions, and leading their safe extraction. Beyond his diving accomplishments, John is also a passionate speaker on teamwork, resilience, and leadership, sharing lessons from his high-stakes experiences. He's an avid runner, participating in marathons and ultra-marathons, and volunteers as a scout leader, teaching young people about caving and the importance of perseverance. He's received numerous prestigious awards, including the George Medal for bravery, the World Humane Society's bronze, silver, and stampede medals, and the Pride of Britain Award for Outstanding Bravery. John is also the author of Thirteen Lessons That Saved Thirteen Lives: The Thai Cave Rescue, which recounts his experience and the lessons learned, and was adapted into the film Thirteen Lives.

Royston Smith GM MP is an RAF veteran, former council leader and George Medal recipient and our latest guest on Veterans In Politics Podcast.He has been the Member of Parliament for Southampton Itchen since 2015 and is the former Leader of Southampton City Council, having served as the Councillor for Harefield Ward – where he was born – from 2000 until 2016.He has worked in both the private and public sectors, which offers useful experience to his approach to the key issues that face Southampton most effectively. His career spans four decades – starting by serving in the Royal Air Force as an aircraft engineer working with the Nimrod aircraft- and he later spent 16 years as a maintenance engineer at British Airways. He has also run local businesses in the city.We talk about the circumstances behind the award of the George Medal for bravery, and in doing so, remember Lt Cdr Ian Molyneux GM.The medal citation reads: "Lt Cdr Molyneux, with complete disregard for his own safety, had deliberately made an effort to tackle the gunman, knowingly putting himself into extreme danger in order to try to safeguard others from personal injury."His actions were incalculably brave and were carried out in the highest possible service traditions of courage and selfless commitment, resulting ultimately in providing just enough disruption to the sentry's intent to enable him to be subsequently overwhelmed and disarmed."We will remember him.LINKS:Spitfire Memorial Campaign-https://www.roystonsmith.co.uk/2020/10/12/a-national-spitfire-memorial/Join our Facebook Group community here: https://www.facebook.com/groups/2314725475490967/Engage with us on LinkedIn here:https://www.linkedin.com/groups/13628154/Insta/Twitter/Facebook: @CampaignForceUKor email the host jonny@campaignforce.co.ukOP Courage: Mental health support for veterans, service leavers and reservists - NHS (www.nhs.uk)Combat Stress is the UK's leading mental health charity for veterans  Call them on 0800 138 1619, text them on 07537 404 719 or email helpline@combatstress.org.uk.Stand Up and Serve Again!Support the show✅Support The Show Help Us Grow! Help us reach more veterans by donating the cost of a cup of coffee today...

Last time we spoke about actions in New Guinea and the Japanese counteroffensive in Arakan. The good ol boys down unda were getting ready to launch a major offensive aimed to seize Lae and Salamaua. The Australian and American forces gradually built up enough strength to commence the offensive and high command decided to launch some feints, such as at Mubo to distract the Japanese from their real intentions. Over in Arakan, Irwins disaster was still paying dividends to the Japanese as General Koga launched a massive counterattack. Things were continuing to get worse for the British in Burma, though General Slim was beginning to make improvements. Lastly the British began a propaganda campaign to boost morale in the far east using the mad onion man Wingates recent adventure with the Chindits. Things were looking rough in the CBI theater.  This episode is the Operation Postern, the drive to Salamaua Welcome to the Pacific War Podcast Week by Week, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about world war two? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on world war two and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel you can find a few videos all the way from the Opium Wars of the 1800's until the end of the Pacific War in 1945.    I just want to say before we begin, this episode will feel a bit like one of those old tv episodes that rehashes what happened during that season. You've heard me say it a few times, but because we do this series in the week by week format sometimes we get into these messy weeks where either not much occurs or too much occurs. Regardless this episode is about multiple ongoing operations that culminate into the drive upon Salamaua and for the sake of coherency I am going to have to summarize a lot of what occurred in the south west pacific area for early 1943.  General Blamey devised a plan to capture Lae, codenamed Operation Postern. General MacArthur approved of the plan, which was quite complex and reflected the growing power of the allied forces in the southwest pacific. Blamey moved to New Guinea to take overall charge, reverting Herring to commander of the 1st corps, responsible for tactical operations. The key to quick success lay in convincing General Adachi, that Salamaua was the primary target for any major offensive. To accomplish this, it was necessary for the Australian and American forces to press upon the Japanese around the Salamaua area, but not Salamaua.  Operation Postern was preceded by three simultaneous operations occurring in the South west pacific area and the south pacific area. Together the three operations helped set up the conditions necessary to allow for an amphibious landing at Lae, by tying up the Japanese ground, naval and airpower in the region alongside creating important feints. The invasion of New Georgia was the first of these operations carried out by Admiral Bull Halsey and the 1st raider battalion. That offensive codenamed operation Toenails took up a lot of the Japanese ground, sea and air forces and would gradually see the allies capturing Munda. The 2nd was operation Chronicle, the seizure of Kiriwina and Woodlark islands located just northeast of Milne Bay. With their seizure, the allies were able to create new forward airfields from which to launch air strikes against Rabaul and provide air cover for multiple other operations in the region. Lastly the third operation was to be an assault on Nassau Bay, which we will talk about a bit later. Now back to the ground forces.   The 8th Area Army at Rabaul sent General Adachi and the 18th army to secure important areas west of Lae and Salamaua and to do so an offensive was launched against Wau. This prompted the Australian high command to send Brigadier Moten and the 17th brigade over to defend Wau in January of 1943. The battle to defend was tough, but the allies were able to prolong the Japanese advance long enough to transport enough troops to save Wau. The Japanese were sent retreating over to the Mubo area, but instead of pursuing the enemy, Moten limited his men's actions to patrols. The New Guinea force wished to pursue the Japanese, but was prevented by logistical difficulties. As the Australians gathered more strength, the Japanese prepared a second attempt to capture Way. This time the Japanese planned to approach Wau from the north, building a road from Markham point into the snake river valley. From there the Japanese advance would hit Wau. The 51st division was earmarked for the task, but the battle of the Bismarck sea had caused devastating losses to the convoy bringing them over in March of 1943.  The battle of the Bismarck sea had pressed upon the Japanese high command the increasing allied airpower, leading them to reformulate their plans. The Japanese began to construct a road to compensate for their inability to transport men and materials to New Guinea via the sea. As the Japanese did this, on the other side, the allies now felt very secure at Wau and were willing to perform some offensives. General Savige's 3rd division was given command of the Wau-Bulolo area. For this task he had the 17th brigade, the 2/3rd, 25th and 2/7th independent companies. It was believed the Japanese had around 5500 men around Lae and Salamaua with around 6-8 thousand at Madang and 9- 11 thousand at Wewak. Savige was ordered not to attack Salamaua directly, so he decided to establish firm bases as far forward as possible to harass the Japanese, basically you can see this as forward offensive patrol actions. Now the Japanese had dug in some defensive positions in places called the Pimple, Green Hill and Observation Hill which were along the main track from Wau to Mubo. On April 24th, the 2/7th independent company were given a new mission; to clear the Japanese from the vicinity of Mubo. Moten approved a plan for the seizure of the Pimple and Green Hill, ordering Major Warfe and his 2/3rd company to harass the Japanese logistical routes in Mubo as a distraction as the 2/7th hit the Pimple. The Japanese had made the Pimple a nightmare for the allied forces. They had taken defensive positions on commanding ground allowing for concealed ambushes. They cleared firing lanes to enable their machine guns to gundown anyone who took a forward approach. By holding the high grounds they also thwarted the allies from utilizing grenades effectively.   On the morning of April 24, after 20 minutes of air attacks by Boston aircraft against Green Hill, Stony Creek, Observation Hill and Kitchen Creek, the offensive kicked off with a two pronged attack. The 2/7th would start from the Vicker's ridge track, moving in two columns: one going along the Jap track towards the Pimple; the other would move north along the Laws track, a very difficult and quite unknown trail to try an encircle the Pimple from the west. When the two columns got within 100 yards of the pimple, they were met with light machine gun fire and snipers. The Australians attempted an all out assault in the late afternoon, but were unable to gain any ground. The next morning 3 Bostons came roaring in to strafe and bomb Green Hill while allied artillery began to bombard the Pimple. Despite the increased firepower the Australians still were unable to dislodge the enemy with their proceeding assaults. It turns out the Australians had greatly underestimate the defensive capabilities of the Pimple position. Reconnaissance had failed to pinpoint the enemy positions prior to the offensive. A major lack of communication between the two columns because they had no telephone lines or wireless communications led to a lack of coordination, neither allied column knew the plight of the other. Runners were used, but they were too slow and extremely vulnerable to Japanese snipers. The offensive was quickly falling apart as the Japanese continued to reinforce their lines. Meanwhile Warfe's men conducted a number of raids and ambushes in the Missim area, Komiatum Hill and Bobdubi Ridge. Warfe then sent a patrol from Namling along the Bench Cut track to ambush the Japanese at the junction between the Francisco river and the Buirali Creek. The ambush was a large success leading to the deaths of 18 Japanese. Warfe tried to perform an identical operation on April 28th, but this time his men were ambushed by the Japanese at Goodview junctions suffering considerable casualties. As a result of the forward patrolling of Warfe's men, the allies had learned the Dobdubi ridge area was defended quite lightly. Having learnt this, Ware decided to order a second platoon to capture the northern part of the ridge on April 27th. By the end of the month Warfe had two platoons spread over the Bobdubi ridge area, with a 3rd platoon held in reserve at Missim.  Over in his headquarters, Moten now realized the offensive against the Pimple was far too costly and he decided the men should simply bypass it. However the commander in the field, General Savige continued to launch attacks. The reason why Savige pressed on was because on April 28th, one of his reconnaissance patrols found a position on Pimple unoccupied and kicked seized it before the Japanese could return to man it. Colonel Guinn on the ground there deduced the Japanese must have been expecting an airstrike and momentarily left their positions. He therefore elected to order another company led by Captain Leslie Tatterson brought forward to assault the pimple. This time however, the allies used deception. Instead of launching an airstrike and artillery against the Pimple they passed over it and bombarded Green Hill. The deception did not work as planned and Saviges men yet again were unable to make any ground against the pimple. By early May the 2/7th battalion had lost 12 men dead with 25 wounded against the pimple with no end in sight. Meanwhile on May 3rd, an offensive was launched against the northern part of the Bobdubi ridge. The Australians were able to  fight their way close to the mouth of the Francisco river, prompting the Japanese to pull up reinforcements in the form of 70 SNLF marines from Salamua. A battle was fought in a place called the South Coconuts on May 5th. The Australians performed encircling maneuvers, managing to surround large pockets of the Japanese whom they smashed with artillery. The Australians were met with 3 major counter attacks but held their ground successfully occupying another place called the Center Coconuts by May 7th. However the Japanese then performed another counterattack, utilizing mortars to great effect, pushing the Australians back. The Japanese further reinforced the area with 60 additional men coming up from Salamaua, but they were ambushed by the Australians at the North Coconuts location suffering 20 casualties.     On May 9th, Captain Tattersons men were struck a lethal blow when they ran into a Japanese booby trap along the Jap Track. The Japanese opened fire upon the Australians on the track and began to encircle them. Colonel Guinn led a small force along the track to break the encirclement while Tatterson's men resisted tenaciously against the Japanese. Tatterson's force had been completely surrounded by the afternoon of May 9th and were in a state of desperation. The Australians utilized booby-traps, fire control and mass grenade attacks to force the Japanese to give them breathing room. The next day the Japanese launched a fierce attack against Tatterson's rear. The Australians could hear Japanese officers screaming orders as their riflemen poured lead upon them. As the Japanese pressed upon them they were receiving 500 additional reinforcements from the 102nd and 115th regiments. Meanwhile the 3rd battalion of the 102nd regiment in Nassau bay received orders “to capture the high area on the right bank of the Buyawim River fork” to be done in coordination with the May 9th attacks. This action would have endangered the allied positions at Lababia camp, but luckily the Japanese commander decided instead to hold a defensive positions at the bank of the Bitoi mouth. This allowed Colonel Guinn to concentrate some of his forces at Lababia camp. By May 11th, a company of 60 men managed to break the Japanese encirclement of Tatterson's men. According to Tatterson, by 7am on the 11th, the Japanese had continued to fire heavily upon his force, but made no further attempts to advance. It seemed to him the Japanese were actually withdrawing and the increased rifle fire and mortars was a cover. Tattersons men had been battered, he himself was wounded. His force received 12 casualties and estimated they had inflicted 100 casualties upon the enemy with possibly 50 deaths. Having saved Tatterson, Guinn reorganized his forward units and began to dig in along the Jap track and Lababia camp. From May 15th onwards the 17th brigade focused on aggressive patrolling in all sectors. Aggressive patrols each day harassed the Japanese around the Pimple and Observation Hill. The Australians set up booby-traps, practically paralyzing the Japanese troop movements outside their trenches. General Okabe received some much needed reinforcements over the course of the week and began to launch some limited attacks against the south, central and north Coconut areas. Okabe's forces were repelled on the 12th and 13th, but things would greatly change on the 14th.  The 14th saw a heavy shelling of the Bobdubi ridge area before Okabe launched a full scale attack that overwhelmed the Australian defenders forcing them to make a fighting withdrawal from the north and central area further down in the south coconut area. General Nakano was displeased with his troops and issued an address of instruction of May 17th, it is as follows  "In the attack at Bobdubi, although a certain group was advancing on a height on the enemy's flank, instead of really carrying out the attack in such a way as to prepare the way for an assault by our main force, they went no further than a vain firing at the enemy with their weapons. The spiritual and physical strength which was worn down in the Wau campaign is at the present time still lower, but I believe it can easily be restored if the officers will take the initiative, set an example and command as leaders of their men." Despite Nakano's criticism, his men would take a lot of ground forcing the Australians further south, dangerously close to Warfe's headquarters. Warfe realized maintaining the position would lead to heavy casualties, so he pulled his force out and took up a position at Namling.  It was quite fortunate as the day after he made this decision, 20 Japanese dive bombers strafed and bombed the village of Bobdubi. This was part of a Japanese heavy air raid that began on May 15th, culminating in over 100 Japanese aircraft hitting multiple Australian positions over the course of a few days. Three heavy raids were performed, but these air attacks focused general far into the Australian rear, leaving the forward positions rather untouched. On may 17th and 18th large formations of Japanese aircraft performed a raid against Wau's airfield. Although the Australians ultimately were forced to withdraw from many forward positions, such as Warfe's units, they managed the ultimate objective of operation Postern, to take Japanese resources away from Mubo and Lae. They had inflicted numerous casualties upon the Japanese including against Major General Okabe who had stepped on a booby trap that put a bullet through his right foot. Okabe had to be evacuated on the night of may 16th as a result, flown back over to Rabaul. Command was handed over to Major General Muroya Chuichi of the 51st division. The battle for Dobdubi was nowhere near done. General Nakano sent 170 soldiers of the 115th regiment on May 17th to attack Hote via the Malolo track. Nakano estimated the Australians had around 50 men defending Hote. The Japanese force ran into 25 Australians at Cissembob along the way and the defenders inflicted 50 casualties upon the Japanese before withdrawing towards Ohibe. One Australian commander at Cissembob had this to say about the engagement  "During this running fight, all men were under very heavy fire, but once again it was brought out what rotten shots the Japanese were. Not one of our boys were hit, and believe me things were hot." The Australians would return to the Hote area on the 22nd to find it completely deserted, so they simply reoccupied their lost positions. That is it for the New Guinea campaign, but other significant events unfolded for the Pacific War during this time period. On April 21st, with a heavy heart President Roosevelt announced to the American people the Japanese had executed several airmen from the famous Doolittle raid. To refresh your memories, 8 of the Doolittle pilots had been captured in Jiangsu province and put on military trial within China and sentenced to death “because of their act against humanity”. They were then transported to Tokyo where the Army ministry reviewed their case. Hideki Tojo initially opposed the death sentences for fearing the Americans would retaliate against Japanese living in America, he would be right about this. Sugiyama and the rest of the Army general staff however insisted on executing all 8 of the pilots who had contributed to the deaths of around 50 civilians and thwart possible future air raids against Japan. The executions would be authorized by an ex post facto military regulation specifically drafted by the army ministry. What is interesting to note, is Emperor Hirohito chose to intervene and commuted the punishment of 5 out of the 8 pilots. Why he allowed the other 3 to die in violation of international law is unknown as the Japanese destroyed nearly all documentation pertaining to prisoners of war by the end of the war. Some historians theorize Hirohito wished to demonstrate his benevolence. Yet again, this is one of those moments that showcases Hirohito was a very active participant, despite the claims made for decades after the war that he was merely a powerless hostage. The 3 men were executed via firing squad at a cemetery outside Shanghai in China on October 14th of 1942. It was not until april of 1943 that the Doolittle Raid operation was fully disclosed to the American public. The US war department said the chief reason for not explaining the full details of the Doolittle raid sooner was the need to bring the Doolittle pilots safely home and to prevent reprisals against their Chinese allies who aided the pilots. In April of 1943 the 5 surviving pilots were moved to Nanjing and in December of 1943 Pilot Robert Meder died of beri beri. He had been starving for months and rejected medical assistance. His death would result in improvements of conditions for the remaining 4 pilots. A truly tragic part of this war and to add to this I would like to read a short piece written by one of the pilots who survived the captivity and became a Christian missionary in Japan after the war.   I Was a Prisoner of Japan   By Jacob DeShazer   I was a prisoner of war for 40 long months, 34 of them in solitary confinement.   When I flew as a member of a bombing squadron on a raid over enemy territory on April 18, 1942, my heart was filled with bitter hatred for the people of that nation. When our plane ran out of petrol and the members of the crew of my plane had to parachute down into enemy-held territory and were captured by the enemy, the bitterness of my heart against my captors seemed more than I could bear.   Taken to prison with the survivors of another of our planes, we were imprisoned and beaten, half-starved, terribly tortured, and denied by solitary confinement even the comfort of association with one another. Three of my buddies were executed by a firing squad about six months after our capture and 14 months later, another one of them died of slow starvation. My hatred for the enemy nearly drove me crazy.   It was soon after the latter's death that I began to ponder the cause of such hatred between members of the human race. I wondered what it was that made one people hate another people and what made me hate them.   My thoughts turned toward what I heard about Christianity changing hatred between human beings into real brotherly love and I was gripped with a strange longing to examine the Christian's Bible to see if I could find the secret.   I begged my captors to get a Bible for me. At last, in the month of May, 1944, a guard brought me the book, but told me I could have it only for three weeks.   I eagerly began to read its pages. Chapter after chapter gripped my heart. In due time I came to the books of the prophets and found that their every writing seemed focused on a divine Redeemer from sin, One who was to be sent from heaven to be born in the form of a human babe. Their writings so fascinated me that I read them again and again until I had earnestly studied them through six times. Then I went on into the New Testament and there read of the birth of Jesus Christ, the One who actually fulfilled the very prophecies of Isaiah, Jeremiah, Micah, and the other Old Testament writers.   My heart rejoiced as I found confirmed in Acts 10:43, "To Him give all the prophets witness, that through His Name, whosoever believeth on Him shall receive remission of sins." After I carefully read this book of the Acts, I continued on into the study of the epistle Paul wrote to the Christians at Rome.   On June 8, 1944 the words in Romans 10:9 stood out boldly before my eyes: "If thou shalt confess with thy mouth the Lord Jesus and shalt believe in thine heart that God hath raised Him from the dead, thou shalt be saved."   That very moment, God gave me grace to confess my sins to Him and He forgave me all my sins and saved me for Jesus' sake. I later found that His Word again promises this so clearly in 1 John 1:9, "If we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness."   How my heart rejoiced in my newness of spiritual life, even though my body was suffering so terribly from the physical beatings and lack of food! But suddenly I discovered that God had given me new spiritual eyes and that when I looked at the enemy officers and guards who had starved and beaten my companions and me so cruelly, I found my bitter hatred for them changed to loving pity.   I realized that these people did not know anything about my Savior and that if Christ is not in a heart, it is natural to be cruel. I read in my Bible that while those who crucified Jesus had beaten Him and spit upon Him before He was nailed to the cross, on the cross He tenderly prayed in His moment of excruciating suffering, "Father, forgive them for they know not what they do."   And now, from the depths of my heart, I too prayed for God to forgive my torturers, and I determined by the aid of Christ to do my best to acquaint these people with the message of salvation that they might become as other believing Christians.   With His love controlling my heart, the 13th chapter of 1 Corinthians took on a living meaning: "Love suffereth long, and is kind; love envieth not; love vaunteth not itself, is not puffed up, doth not behave itself unseemly, seeketh not her own, is not easily provoked, thinketh no evil, rejoiceth not in iniquity but rejoiceth in truth; beareth all things, believeth all things. Love never faileth."   A year passed by and during that year the memories of the weeks I had been permitted to spend with my Bible grew sweeter and sweeter day by day. Then, one day as I was sitting in my solitary confinement cell I became very sick. My heart was paining me, even as my fellow prisoner had told me his was paining him just before he died of starvation.   I slid down onto my knees and began to pray. The guards rushed in and began to punish me, but I kept right on praying. Finally they let me alone. God, in that hour, revealed unto me how to endure suffering.   At last freedom came. On August 20, 1945 parachutists dropped onto the prison grounds and released us from our cells. We were flown back to our own country and placed in hospitals where we slowly regained our physical strength.   I have completed my training in a Christian college, God having clearly commanded me: "Go, teach those people who held you prisoner, the way of salvation through the blood of Jesus Christ," and am now back in that land as a missionary, with one single purpose--to make Christ known.   I am sending this testimony to people everywhere, with the earnest prayer that a great host of people may confess Jesus Christ as their personal Savior.   Alongside the unfortunate news for the Americans on May 14th a major tragedy occurred for the Australians. At 4:10am on the 14th, the Australian Hospital Ship Centaur was on a run from Sydney to Port Moresby when she was torpedoed by a Japanese submarine. The torpedo struck her portside oil fuel tank below the waterline, creating a 10 meter hole, igniting fuel and setting the ship ablaze. The ship was luckily not carrying patients, but held her normal crew staff, around 332 personnel on board. Many of those on board were killed instantly from the concussion blast, others from the blazing inferno. Centaur quickly took on water from her breach, rolled to port and sank bow-first, submerging within 3 minutes. Her rapid sinking prevented the deployment of lifeboats, though two would break off as she went down. According to Centaurs second officer Gordon Rippon, she was hit 44km northeast of Point Lookout. Of the 332 people onboard, only 64 would survive, most of the crew had been asleep when she was hit, giving barely a chance to react. It is estimated that 200 people may have been alive inside Centaur as she sank. Several who escaped the ship would die of shrapnel wounds or drown having found nothing to support them in the water. The survivors spent 36 hours in the water clinging to barrels, wreckage and two damaged lifeboats. The survivors drifted around 36 kms in the water going further north east. On the morning of May 15th, the destroyer USS Mugford departed Brisbane, escorted the New Zealand freighter Sussex when she saw some of the shipwrecked survivors. Sailors aboard the Mugford took up positions with rifles fending off sharks from the survivors. It took an hour and 20 minutes to rescue all 64 people. One of the survivors was sister Ellen Savage, the only surviving nurse from 12 aboard the Centaur. In 1944 Ellen Savage was presented the George Medal for providing medical care, boosting morale and displaying courage during the time they waited for rescue. The identity of the attacker was suspected to be a Japanese submarine. At the time of the attack three KD7 Kaidai class submarines were operating off Australians east coast; The I-177 commanded by Hajime Nakagawa, the I-178 commanded by Hidejiro Utsuki and the I-180 commanded by Toshio Kusaka. None of these submarines survived the Pacific War; the I-177 was sunk by the USS Samual S Miles on october 3rd of 1944; the I-178 was sunk by the USS Patterson on august 25th of 1943 and the i-180 was sunk by the USS Gilmore on april 26th of 1944. In December of 1943 following protests, the Japanese government issued an official statement denying any responsibility for the sinking of the Centaur. The sinking of a hospital ship was a war crime, and investigations were conducted between 1944-1948. The conclusion of the investigate suspected the I-177 of Nakagawa to be the most likely culprit, but there was not enough evidence, thus the case was closed on december 14th of 1948. Nakagawa survived the war and until his death in 1991 refused to speak about the suspected attack on the Centaur. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. The Australian and American forces in New Guinea were fighting tooth and nail towards their ultimate goal of Salamaua, trying to deceive the Japanese the whole while. Soon battles for Lae and Salamaua will be fought to rid New Guinea of the Japanese menace. 

Sean Kelly is the author of Home Bases: Memories & Stories of US Military Bases Around London which for the first time, puts the spotlight on the history of many of the US Military's lesser-known command and support bases that were located either in or close to London.The bases (often known as ‘Little Americas') are furthermore brought to life in a series of ‘snapshot' memories.  We hear about the heroism of US personnel who were awarded the George Medal for bravery in rescuing people caught in the great floods of 1953  as well as including actor Larry Hagman who played JR Ewing in the TV series Dallas.  We talk about the memories of bases further afield such as Upper Heyford, Greenham Common, Sculthorpe, and Burtonwood.Buy the book here https://amzn.to/3V8959oThe battle to preserve Cold War history is ongoing and your support can provide me with the ammunition to continue to keep this podcast on the air. Via a simple monthly donation, you'll become part of our community and get a sought-after CWC coaster as a thank you and you'll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link.I am delighted to welcome Sean Kelly to our Cold War conversation…Sean's websitesHome Bases https://www.facebook.com/ushomebases7 North Audley https://www.facebook.com/7NorthAudleyEpisodes referred to:Greenham Common https://coldwarconversations.com/episode18/Burtonwood https://coldwarconversations.com/episode74/Upper Heyford https://coldwarconversations.com/episode65/Further episode notes here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode267/Support the showSupport the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter here https://twitter.com/ColdWarPodFacebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations

Vice Admiral Sir Alan Wedel Ramsay McNicoll, (3 April 1908 – 11 October 1987) was a senior officer in the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) and a diplomat. Born in Melbourne, he entered the Royal Australian Naval College at the age of thirteen and graduated in 1926. Following training and staff appointments in Australia and the United Kingdom, he was attached to the Royal Navy at the outbreak of the Second World War. As torpedo officer of the 1st Submarine Flotilla in the Mediterranean theatre, McNicoll was decorated with the George Medal in 1941 for disarming enemy ordnance. He served aboard HMS King George V from 1942, sailing in support of several Arctic convoys and taking part in the Allied invasion of Sicily. McNicoll was posted for staff duties with the Admiralty from September 1943 and was involved in the planning of the Normandy landings. He returned to Australia in October 1944. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_McNicoll License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0;

Come join us at the 2022 Wichita Business Expo at Century II on Thursday, September 29!  This is the premiere business-to-business trade show in Wichita.  No matter what you are looking for, you will find it at the Expo! Learn more now!After decades in business, nothing scares Anita Oberwortmann.  She shares her entrepreneurial origin story with Don and Ebony, revealing the key business lessons she has learned along the way.  On this episode we discuss: From scrubbing toilets to maintaining Koch Industries Organic growth of a business From small cars to 28 ft. freight trucks Why not all business is good business The Chamber is the center of the business community How her persistence has paid off Never be too reliant on one customer Nothing scares Anita Learn more about Metro Courier:https://metrodelivers.com/Facebook ProfileInstagram ProfileLinkedIn ProfileFounder/President/CEO of Wilson Building Maintenance, Inc. a janitorial and building maintenance company and Metro Courier, Inc., a delivery service firm.In 1978, Anita started Wilson Building Maintenance with a broom and a mop. 43 years and over 200 employees later, Anita remains the CEO of the company. Anita purchased Metro Courier in 1999 and remains President and Owner along her son, James. Wilson services some of Wichita's most prestigious facilities, some as large as 1.5 million square feet, and Metro Courier has grown from in-town courier deliveries to nationwide freight capabilities.Anita has served in various volunteer capacities. She took the lead on many committees and attained the level of President or Chair for many organizations. Her volunteer activity spans most of the 40 years she's been in business. She was the first woman to be top volunteer for several organizations including Chairman for The Wichita Regional Chamber of Commerce, President of the Wichita YMCA, President of the Quivira Council Boy Scouts of America and a four state region of the American Cancer Society.Anita has been recognized with honors from the American Cancer Society where she received the National Divisional Award St. George Medal. The Kansas Department of Commerce and Housing Office of Minority and Women Business Development recognized her with the Woman-Owned Service Industry Firm of the Year for three years. She is a Girl Scout Woman of Distinction, Blue Chip Enterprise Award Top State Designee and Small Business Administration Women in Business Advocate of the Year honoree. Other awards she has received include the Metro Award two years in a row. Rotary Club of Wichita Service Above Self Award, Youth Entrepreneurs Pillar Award, Boy Scouts of America Quivira Council Silver Beaver Award, Junior Achievement Hall of Fame Award, Wichita Business Journal Women in Business Hall of Fame Award and in the 20th Anniversary Issue of the Wichita Business Journal, Anita was—unsurprisingly—named as one of the top ten most influential women in Wichita.Other Resources:Conditions Improving in Wichita for Women-owned Businesses (article)Record Year for Metro Courier Amazon Deliveries (article)Metro Courier Adapting Delivery Strategies (article)2016 Enterprise Awards: Anita Oberwortmann (article)Metro Courier Expanding to Meet Freight Demand (article)2018 Women in Business Hall of Fame Honorees (article)Women in Business Hall of Fame: Anita Oberwortmann (article)Many Wichita Women Have Found Entrepreneurial Success (article)Local Women-Owned Wichita Businesses are Growing (article)Women in Business: Anita Oberwortmann (article)Join the Wichita Regional Chamber of Commerce! This podcast is brought to you by the Wichita Regional Chamber of Commerce and is powered by Evergy.  To send feedback on this show and/or send suggestions for future guests or topics please e-mail communications@wichitachamber.org. This show is part of the ICT Podcast Network.  For more information visit ictpod.net

In 1972, 2 men kidnapped a schoolteacher and six children from Faraday, Australia. One of the criminals would go on to commit another schoolhouse kidnapping years later. Tune in to hear wild stories about police shootouts, high-speed chases, prison shanks, prison escapes, and heroic actions. “14 Oct 1983, Page 6 - The Age at Newspapers.com.” Newspapers.com, The Age, 14 Oct. 1993, www.newspapers.com/image/?clipping_id=52300420&fcfToken=eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJmcmVlLXZpZXctaWQiOjEyMjEzNTYyMiwiaWF0IjoxNjE2Mzc2MDcyLCJleHAiOjE2MTY0NjI0NzJ9.0ZfSry8sP0YCI6eKfMw7xl6S81DZPnakJ2UnJC-0nkU. “The Age Newspaper.” Google News Archive Search, Google, 8 Nov. 1977, news.google.com/newspapers?id=X_pUAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Y5IDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7240%2C2045233. Cga. “Premier of Victoria - Lindsay Thompson.” The Caulfield Grammarians' Association, 16 Dec. 2020, www.caulfieldgrammarians.com.au/premier-of-victoria-lindsay-thompson/. “Chapter 12: The Faraday School Kidnapping.” The Fierce Country: True Stories from Australia's Unsettled Heart, 1830 to Today, by Stephen Orr, Wakefield Press, 2018, pp. 124–132. Dunn, Amelia. “The Humble Australian Man Who Saved 15 Hostages from an Escaped Prisoner Is Finally Being Honoured.” SBS News, 31 Mar. 2020, www.sbs.com.au/news/the-humble-australian-man-who-saved-15-hostages-from-an-escaped-prisoner-is-finally-being-honoured. Eastwood, Edwin John. “Focus on Faraday and beyond: Australia's Crime of the Century-- the inside Story.” Amazon, Coeur De Lion, www.amazon.com/Focus-Faraday-beyond-Australias-century/dp/0646111868. “George Medal for Miss Mary Gibbs - The Canberra Times (ACT : 1926 - 1995) - 24 Jan 1973.” Trove, 24 Jan. 1973, trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/110703799/11959231. Lambert, Olivia. “Eerie Victorian Schoolhouse for Sale.” NewsComAu, News.com.au, 18 Aug. 2016, www.news.com.au/news/the-scene-of-the-faraday-kidnapping-is-for-sale/news-story/9f51ad42404d5c96dcad7d28bd3549bc. Mattingly, Michael. “Teacher Adds New Chapter to Kidnapping at School 41 Years Ago.” Riverine Herald, 17 Oct. 2018, www.riverineherald.com.au/2018/10/17/279510/teacher-adds-new-chapter-to-kidnapping-at-school-41-years-ago-teacher-adds-new-chapter-to-kidnapping-at-school-41-years-ago. Robb, Kirsten. “Scene of Notorious Faraday School Kidnapping for Sale.” Domain, 16 Aug. 2016, www.domain.com.au/news/scene-of-notorious-faraday-school-kidnapping-for-sale-20160815-gqsise/. Silvester, John. “Kidnapped: An Insider's Account of the Day from Hell.” The Age, The Age, 8 Sept. 2018, www.theage.com.au/national/victoria/kidnapped-an-insider-s-account-of-the-day-from-hell-20180906-p5022h.html. Staff, Yahoo. “'Crime of the Century': Victoria's Schoolhouse of Horrors up for Sale.” Yahoo! News, Yahoo!, 16 Aug. 2016, au.news.yahoo.com/crime-of-the-century-victorias-schoolhouse-of-horrors-up-for-sale-32357789.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAJutNAbChJW1KqQp3pS9AmiETnzirqq6NF3iSmqQ0nC4HFO1s3kzW46r1fFqKaroiBVRa06FSNiwJbNS7mATolyHNeG-hQoxyqxPNf19aWtDsVbEGBdswRybq5rq5OPOZSK73N7E-xFvuy3bJsThvK3U6MZ672F3HF-kmgHegXQS. Symons, Bec. “Kidnapping Victim-Now-Mayor Credits Crime with Attitude to Community.” ABC News, ABC News, 8 June 2017, www.abc.net.au/news/2017-06-08/wooreen-kidnapping-experience-shapes-mayor-ray-argentos-attitude/8597832. Usher, Rod. The Age 150th, 30 May 1981, web.archive.org/web/20090930064948/150.theage.com.au/view_bestofarticle.asp?straction=update&inttype=1&intid=1132. Webb, Carolyn. “'He Risked His Life to Save Us': Bravery Award for 1977 Kidnap Hero.” The Age, The Age, 30 Mar. 2020, www.theage.com.au/national/victoria/he-risked-his-life-to-save-us-bravery-award-for-1977-kidnap-hero-20200330-p54faz.html. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/melancholiapodcast/support

Hoy en la Terra Ignota tendremos a Joaquín Echeverría, padre de Ignacio Echeverría Miralles de Imperial, también conocido como "el héroe del monopatín" por sus actos valerosos que salvaron a varias víctimas del ataque terrorista del Puente de Londres acontecido el 3 de junio de 2017. Ignacio Echeverría Miralles de Imperial, un joven como otro cualquiera. Estudia Derecho en la Complutense, con una estancia en la Sorbona. Le gusta el golf, el surf y es normal verle con su monopatín moviéndose como uno más por las aceras de su ciudad. Viviendo en España se saca el Proficiency y un tiempo después se traslada a Londres, donde trabajará como analista financiaro. 3 de junio de 2017, Ignacio va en bici por la zona de Whitechapel (Londres) poco antes de las 23.00 de una cálida Noche del incipiente verano inglés. De repente ve a varios hombres agrediendo a una chica francesa. Ignacio salta de la bici, saca el monopatín que lleva a la espalda y se lanza a defenderla. Los agresores llevan cuchillos, gritan el nombre de Allah y están golpeando también a la policía. Ignacio se mete a protegerlos armado sólo por su monopatín. Su intervención salva la vida a la muchacha y a varios de los policías. Ignacio es acuchillado dos veces pero sigue deteniendo a los terroristas, permitiendo a los policías mover a las demás víctimas a una distancia segura. Ignacio fue condecorado póstumamente con la George Medal que se concede a los "actos de gran valentía". Recuerda darle a subscribirse para no perderte futuros contenidos. Y si te gusta, te animamos a compartirlo con tus amigos y conocidos. _____________________________________________________________________ Emitido originalmente en YouTube el 6 de marzo de 2021: https://youtu.be/FakQwvCHwlw Síguenos en Twitter: https://twitter.com/TerraIgnota Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/65VQ9om7XcoUBZ8hupr9iU?si=XLRK6LaDTQWNFGQOvz4ibg

This episode I have Andy Barlow on as a guest. Andy served in the Royal Regiment of Fusiliers, deploying to Northen Ireland and Afghanistan.  In September 2006, whilst deployed with 3 Para, Andy was involved in the Kajaki Mine incident, which injured 7 men, including Andy and took the life of Mark Wright. Andy was awarded the George Medal for his actions that day.  We go into this but also the struggles he faced after losing his leg and the road to recovery. We also discuss his ventures into sailing and skiing as well as the work he now does with Blesma.  The Charities and Organisations discussed in this episode are:  Blesma - https://blesma.org/ Veterans Outreach Support - https://www.vosuk.org/ https://www.facebook.com/veteransoutreachsupport/ TILS - Transition Intervention Liaison Service - https://www.veteransservicelse.nhs.uk/ Big White Wall (Togetherall) - https://togetherall.com/en-gb/ Veterans Gateway - https://www.veteransgateway.org.uk/ https://www.facebook.com/veteransgateway/ Help for Heroes - Hidden Wounds - https://www.helpforheroes.org.uk/get-support/mental-health-and-wellbeing/hidden-wounds-service/ As always, follow me https://www.instagram.com/thereorgpodcast/ https://www.facebook.com/thereorgpodcast/ thereorgpodcast@gmail.com

Charlie Guenigault GM is a Metropolitan Police Officer who was off-duty and returning from an evening with friends when he encountered three terrorists on a killing spree at London Bridge on 3rd Jun 2017. Unarmed, he fought the three men, during which he was stabbed in the head and back multiple times. He was awarded a George Medal for his actions. During their attack, the terrorists killed 8 people and injured 48 others.

Charlie talks us through his life growing. Joining London's metropolitan Police. And the events at the London Bridge terror attack in 2017. Events which led to Charlie winning the George Medal for bravery.

Tug was awarded the George Medal for his actions as a medic on the "day of days" in Afghanistan 2006, serving with 3 Para Battlegroup at Kajaki Dam. The events were turned into a feature film of the same name. He has since left the military and works as the Training and Development Manager for health care provider Iqarus Ltd.Read the postH+61 Paul “Tug” Hartley

In 1948, Sibyl Kathigasu became the only Malaysian woman to receive the George Medal for gallantry, the highest civilian honor given by King George VI. Why did she receive such an honor? During World War II she actively resisted the Japanese occupation of what was then British Malaya. As a trained nurse, she provided medical care for members of the guerilla resistance movement. She also passed along important information and helped smuggle guerilla fighters through Japanese held territory. Captured by the Japanese in 1943, she was repeatedly tortured but never betrayed the other members of the resistance movement. Her commitment to the Allied cause made her a heroine to the people of Malaya and to the British.

Lisa Webb is Public Health Nurse who works with families to give pre-school-age children the best possible start in life.  She is a a former nursery teacher and a trained counsellor and therapist.  She was awarded the George Medal by the Queen for an unbelievable act of bravery when a machete wielding man attacked the primary school where she was a nursery teacher.  She protected the children in her care but suffered life changing injuries. In this interview she shares how this event has impacted her life and how she has used it for a positive force in her life. Now as a Public Health Nurse she is passionate about helping mothers thrive and speaks really honestly and openly about maternal mental health.  

In this podcast The National Archives' Principal Military Specialist reveals some of his favourite stories about civilian gallantry from the First and Second World Wars, from the bravery of the youngest recipient of the George medal to a bizarre tale involving a bomb and some table tennis bats.

Stuart Pearson went on a routine patrol to observe and possibly attack a Taliban checkpoint near Kajaki Dam in Helmand province. As his patrol carefully picked their way down a ravine, his friend, Cpl Stuart Hale, hopped across a river bed and then flew backwards after stepping on a mine. Stuart Pearson was the next victim after he stood on a mine as he went to his friend's aid. He looked down and all that was left of his lower leg was a shoe lace still attached. Another soldier, Andy Barlow, who subsequently won the George Medal for attending to the wounded, stood on a mine after reaching to grab a bottle of water that had been thrown to him. The NCO in charge, Cpl Wright, was severely wounded twice by shrapnel but he still continued looking after the men. Once rescued, Cpl Mark Wright died in the helicopter. A movie was made about the event - "Kilo Two Bravo" that is currently on Netflix. Stu Pearson joins Robert Gowin to talk about the events of that day, what he's been doing since separation from the military, and how he now works to assist others. Follow Mentors for Military: iTunes: http://apple.co/1WaEvbB SoundCloud: www.soundcloud.com/mentors4mil Instagram: www.instagram.com/mentors4mil Twitter: www.twitter.com/mentors4mil Facebook: www.facebook.com/mentors4mil Homepage: www.mentorsformilitary.com

Matthew Bannister on The parasitologist Sylvia Meek who led the fight to reduce deaths from malaria. Harry Rabinowitz who conducted the music for many films and TV series, including the English Patient and Upstairs Downstairs. Ethel Bush who was one of the two first policewomen to be awarded the George Medal for bravery. Sam King, the RAF veteran from Jamaica who later travelled to Britain on the Empire Windrush and became Mayor of Southwark. And Chips Moman, the record producer who worked with Elvis Presley, Aretha Franklin and Willie Nelson.

An injured soldier awarded the George Medal for gallantry says the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme failed to recognise the severity of his disability. His case raises has fresh concerns over the scheme which has paid out £473 million over the last 10 years. Also - according to OFSTED, one in 2 sponsored academy schools is not providing a good education. But academies were meant to lever up standards - so why are they taking so long to turnaround some failing schools? We look at the effectiveness of some of the organisations running academy schools.

It's almost a cliché by now to say that we need stories of strong women, but that doesn't lessen the fact that we do. And biography is a field uniquely poised to transmit such stories- of compelling, complex and, at times, contradictory female characters- to a broad audience. Case in point: Clare Mulley‘s The Spy Who Loved: The Secrets and Lives of Christine Granville (St. Martin's, 2013). Yes, she loved and had a number of love affairs but, as Mulley makes clear, the significance of Granville's life isn't that she was, to all appearances, pathologically alluring to men. Rather, her life is riveting- it has meaning in the present day- because she seems not to have craved men nearly so much as she craved adventure, challenging work that put her at great risk. This was not simply adventure for adventure's sake either, but adventure in service to a greater good, especially that of her homeland of Poland. For all her efforts as a secret service agent during World War II were in aid of her country, which is, in part, why the British government seemed never quite to know what to do with her and why this brilliant, imaginative woman was left to constantly lobby for a greater, more challenging, role. ‘Intrepid' is perhaps the best word to describe Granville as Mulley portrays her here. She kicked off her career as a spy by infiltrating Poland from Hungary on skis. Another time, arrested by the Gestapo, she talked her way out of imprisonment. Still later, when her comrades were arrested by the Gestapo, she swooped into the local office, demanding and securing their release. For her bravery, she was awarded the George Medal, the OBE, and the Croix de Guerre but there was, sadly, little room in the world after the World Wars for a Polish, female spy, and Granville slid into reduced circumstances that culminated in a tragic end: murdered by an obsessive admirer at a hotel in South Kensington. It's a good story of a charismatic and difficult woman, a story that was nearly forgotten and one which Mulley is pulling from obscurity, rightfully so. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

It's almost a cliché by now to say that we need stories of strong women, but that doesn't lessen the fact that we do. And biography is a field uniquely poised to transmit such stories- of compelling, complex and, at times, contradictory female characters- to a broad audience. Case in point: Clare Mulley‘s The Spy Who Loved: The Secrets and Lives of Christine Granville (St. Martin's, 2013). Yes, she loved and had a number of love affairs but, as Mulley makes clear, the significance of Granville's life isn't that she was, to all appearances, pathologically alluring to men. Rather, her life is riveting- it has meaning in the present day- because she seems not to have craved men nearly so much as she craved adventure, challenging work that put her at great risk. This was not simply adventure for adventure's sake either, but adventure in service to a greater good, especially that of her homeland of Poland. For all her efforts as a secret service agent during World War II were in aid of her country, which is, in part, why the British government seemed never quite to know what to do with her and why this brilliant, imaginative woman was left to constantly lobby for a greater, more challenging, role. ‘Intrepid' is perhaps the best word to describe Granville as Mulley portrays her here. She kicked off her career as a spy by infiltrating Poland from Hungary on skis. Another time, arrested by the Gestapo, she talked her way out of imprisonment. Still later, when her comrades were arrested by the Gestapo, she swooped into the local office, demanding and securing their release. For her bravery, she was awarded the George Medal, the OBE, and the Croix de Guerre but there was, sadly, little room in the world after the World Wars for a Polish, female spy, and Granville slid into reduced circumstances that culminated in a tragic end: murdered by an obsessive admirer at a hotel in South Kensington. It's a good story of a charismatic and difficult woman, a story that was nearly forgotten and one which Mulley is pulling from obscurity, rightfully so. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

It’s almost a cliché by now to say that we need stories of strong women, but that doesn’t lessen the fact that we do. And biography is a field uniquely poised to transmit such stories- of compelling, complex and, at times, contradictory female characters- to a broad audience. Case in point: Clare Mulley‘s The Spy Who Loved: The Secrets and Lives of Christine Granville (St. Martin’s, 2013). Yes, she loved and had a number of love affairs but, as Mulley makes clear, the significance of Granville’s life isn’t that she was, to all appearances, pathologically alluring to men. Rather, her life is riveting- it has meaning in the present day- because she seems not to have craved men nearly so much as she craved adventure, challenging work that put her at great risk. This was not simply adventure for adventure’s sake either, but adventure in service to a greater good, especially that of her homeland of Poland. For all her efforts as a secret service agent during World War II were in aid of her country, which is, in part, why the British government seemed never quite to know what to do with her and why this brilliant, imaginative woman was left to constantly lobby for a greater, more challenging, role. ‘Intrepid’ is perhaps the best word to describe Granville as Mulley portrays her here. She kicked off her career as a spy by infiltrating Poland from Hungary on skis. Another time, arrested by the Gestapo, she talked her way out of imprisonment. Still later, when her comrades were arrested by the Gestapo, she swooped into the local office, demanding and securing their release. For her bravery, she was awarded the George Medal, the OBE, and the Croix de Guerre but there was, sadly, little room in the world after the World Wars for a Polish, female spy, and Granville slid into reduced circumstances that culminated in a tragic end: murdered by an obsessive admirer at a hotel in South Kensington. It’s a good story of a charismatic and difficult woman, a story that was nearly forgotten and one which Mulley is pulling from obscurity, rightfully so. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

It’s almost a cliché by now to say that we need stories of strong women, but that doesn’t lessen the fact that we do. And biography is a field uniquely poised to transmit such stories- of compelling, complex and, at times, contradictory female characters- to a broad audience. Case in point: Clare Mulley‘s The Spy Who Loved: The Secrets and Lives of Christine Granville (St. Martin’s, 2013). Yes, she loved and had a number of love affairs but, as Mulley makes clear, the significance of Granville’s life isn’t that she was, to all appearances, pathologically alluring to men. Rather, her life is riveting- it has meaning in the present day- because she seems not to have craved men nearly so much as she craved adventure, challenging work that put her at great risk. This was not simply adventure for adventure’s sake either, but adventure in service to a greater good, especially that of her homeland of Poland. For all her efforts as a secret service agent during World War II were in aid of her country, which is, in part, why the British government seemed never quite to know what to do with her and why this brilliant, imaginative woman was left to constantly lobby for a greater, more challenging, role. ‘Intrepid’ is perhaps the best word to describe Granville as Mulley portrays her here. She kicked off her career as a spy by infiltrating Poland from Hungary on skis. Another time, arrested by the Gestapo, she talked her way out of imprisonment. Still later, when her comrades were arrested by the Gestapo, she swooped into the local office, demanding and securing their release. For her bravery, she was awarded the George Medal, the OBE, and the Croix de Guerre but there was, sadly, little room in the world after the World Wars for a Polish, female spy, and Granville slid into reduced circumstances that culminated in a tragic end: murdered by an obsessive admirer at a hotel in South Kensington. It’s a good story of a charismatic and difficult woman, a story that was nearly forgotten and one which Mulley is pulling from obscurity, rightfully so. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

It’s almost a cliché by now to say that we need stories of strong women, but that doesn’t lessen the fact that we do. And biography is a field uniquely poised to transmit such stories- of compelling, complex and, at times, contradictory female characters- to a broad audience. Case in point: Clare Mulley‘s The Spy Who Loved: The Secrets and Lives of Christine Granville (St. Martin’s, 2013). Yes, she loved and had a number of love affairs but, as Mulley makes clear, the significance of Granville’s life isn’t that she was, to all appearances, pathologically alluring to men. Rather, her life is riveting- it has meaning in the present day- because she seems not to have craved men nearly so much as she craved adventure, challenging work that put her at great risk. This was not simply adventure for adventure’s sake either, but adventure in service to a greater good, especially that of her homeland of Poland. For all her efforts as a secret service agent during World War II were in aid of her country, which is, in part, why the British government seemed never quite to know what to do with her and why this brilliant, imaginative woman was left to constantly lobby for a greater, more challenging, role. ‘Intrepid’ is perhaps the best word to describe Granville as Mulley portrays her here. She kicked off her career as a spy by infiltrating Poland from Hungary on skis. Another time, arrested by the Gestapo, she talked her way out of imprisonment. Still later, when her comrades were arrested by the Gestapo, she swooped into the local office, demanding and securing their release. For her bravery, she was awarded the George Medal, the OBE, and the Croix de Guerre but there was, sadly, little room in the world after the World Wars for a Polish, female spy, and Granville slid into reduced circumstances that culminated in a tragic end: murdered by an obsessive admirer at a hotel in South Kensington. It’s a good story of a charismatic and difficult woman, a story that was nearly forgotten and one which Mulley is pulling from obscurity, rightfully so. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices