Podcasts about Royal Navy

From abandoned palaces to Revolutionary executions, this Q&A dives into five gripping questions from the community! Why didn't Louis XVI flee during the October Days of 1789? What became of Versailles after the royal family moved to Paris? Why didn't the Royal Navy intervene during the 1793 Siege of Dunkirk? Were there more “polite” versions of Republican marriages and baptisms? Why did the Jacobins bother with the show trials of 1793? What was the purpose behind prosecuting the Girondins and Marie Antoinette? Submit Your Questions! Keen to have your questions answered? Either post them on Patreon or submit a question in the community chat on Discord! As always, thank you for your support of the show! The Grey History Community Help keep Grey History on the air! Every revolution needs its supporters, and we need you! With an ad-free feed, a community discord, and tonnes of exclusive bonus content, you're missing out! Do your part for as little as half a cup of coffee per episode! It's the best value on the internet, with the best people too! ⁠⁠Join Now And Support the Show⁠⁠ ⁠⁠Make a one-off donation⁠⁠ Early Access Don't wait! Support the show and listen to Episode 1.89 ⁠⁠⁠"The Republic Strikes Back!"⁠⁠⁠ now! Available for all True Revolutionaries and above! Contact Me Send your questions, praise, and scorn ⁠⁠here⁠⁠ Newsletter ⁠⁠Sign Up⁠⁠ for Free Bonus Episode Follow on Social Media: ⁠⁠Facebook⁠⁠ ⁠⁠Instagram⁠⁠ ⁠⁠X⁠⁠ Advertising Please contact ⁠⁠sales@advertisecast.com⁠⁠ if you would like to advertise on Grey History: The French Revolution and Napoleon. All members of the Grey History Community have an ad-free version of the show. Support the show ⁠⁠here⁠⁠. About Grey History: The French Revolution and Napoleon is a podcast dedicated to exploring the complexities of our history. By examining both the experiences of contemporaries and the conclusions of historians, Grey History seeks to unpack the ambiguities and nuances of the past. Understanding the French Revolution and the age of Napoleon Bonaparte is critical to understanding the history of the world, so join us on a journey through a series of events that would be almost unbelievable if it weren't for the fact that it's true! If you're looking for a binge-worthy history podcast on the Revolution and Napoleon, you're in the right place! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Traveling Historian: Bill Whiteside Forty-Ninth Episode: After selling software for 30 years, Bill abandoned that career to finish writing a book he started researching to keep his mind engaged during his time on the road. He was intrigued by an incident from early in Winston Churchill's first term as Britain's prime minister. As he dug into the story from multiple angles, his diversion evolved into an obsession. The more he learned, the more it became a book he had to write. That book is The Attack that Shocked the World: Winston Churchill and the Royal Navy's Assault on the French Fleet, to be published by the U.S. Naval Institute Press in Annapolis, Maryland. In the meantime, given what he learned in researching and writing that, he wrote and published another one: Everybody Knows a Salesman Can't Write a Book. Bill joins me to talk about history, writing, learning, and whatever else crosses our minds. Please join us.   Video Version: https://www.youtube.com/live/FzGG8b6SPHw?si=fNwjSqNxcFCfjlEY   Learn more about Mark here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4cXoftnMYJ7bREYG-K9eng https://www.linkedin.com/company/the-anxious-voyage/about/?viewAsMember=true https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100095313165139 https://www.linkedin.com/in/markobrien/ https://www.facebook.com/MarkNelsonOBrien https://www.facebook.com/MartinTheMarlin/ mark@obriencg.com

In this episode host Iain Ballantyne and returning guest Dr Gary Blackburn convene to discuss the substance, or otherwise, of the UK's recently published Strategic Defence Review (SDR) paper. They also tackle topics relating to the Israel-Iran War, the British reaction to it and also what President Donald Trump may or may not do next. Gary proposes that the UK SDR paper was more of a template than anything else, and in fact amounted to a rather big fudge.  Iain suggests that UK politicians have not yet woken up the to the sheer scale of effort needed - and also urgency required - to properly defend the nation. For example, submarines appear fundamental to the SDR's vision of national defence and yet the Submarine Service itself is not really getting what it needs to be ready to operate future vessels. In sharing his considerable expertise on how Defence economics work, Gary touches on the UK's creative accounting - ‘cooking the books'. It sees things that are not really part of Defence slotted into the UK's supposed proportion of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) devoted to creating robust and capable military forces (plus what it needs to qualify for NATO membership). The worth of drones and A.I. versus the need for more frigates and submarines is among other things weighed up during a lively chat that also considers the viability of the UK's new ‘Atlantic Bastion' concept. •Dr Gary Blackburn is an honorary fellow of the Centre for Security Studies at the University of Hull. He has taught Security Studies and Military History at the Universities of Leeds and Hull, respectively - and has written for Defence Studies and The Critic, and for the latter about aspects of the UK's 2021 Integrated Review of Defence and Security. Follow him on X at @gjb70 •Iain Ballantyne is the founding and current Editor of Warships IFR (first published in 1998) along with its ‘Guide to the Royal Navy' (since 2003) and ‘Guide to the US Navy' (since 2018). Iain is also author of the books ‘Hunter Killers' (Orion) and ‘The Deadly Trade' (Weidenfeld & Nicolson), both about submarine warfare, plus ‘Arnhem: Ten Days in The Cauldron' (published by Canelo). In 2017 Iain was awarded a Fellowship by the British Maritime Foundation, which promotes awareness of the United Kingdom's dependence on the sea and seafarers. Visit his web site Bismarckbattle.com and follow him on X @IBallantyn For more on Warships IFR www.warshipsifr.com 

Napoléon Bonaparte, malgré sa volonté affirmée de soumettre l'Angleterre, n'a jamais concrétisé une invasion du Royaume-Uni. Pourtant, l'idée l'a obsédé durant plusieurs années, notamment entre 1798 et 1805. Alors pourquoi cette attaque n'a-t-elle jamais eu lieu ? Plusieurs raisons expliquent cet échec stratégique.Une volonté forte mais contrariéeDès son accession au pouvoir, Napoléon voit l'Angleterre comme le principal obstacle à son hégémonie européenne. Elle finance les coalitions contre la France, domine les mers et refuse tout traité durable. En réponse, Napoléon envisage une invasion directe des îles britanniques, projet baptisé « Opération Boulogne », avec des troupes massées sur les côtes françaises à partir de 1803. Près de 200 000 hommes sont entraînés pour traverser la Manche depuis Boulogne-sur-Mer.La supériorité navale britanniqueLe problème, c'est que pour envahir l'Angleterre, il faut traverser la Manche, et pour cela, contrôler la mer. Or, la Royal Navy domine les océans. Napoléon tente de ruser en imaginant un détour : attirer la flotte britannique vers les Antilles avec un jeu de diversion, puis ramener sa flotte en Europe pour sécuriser un passage. Ce plan complexe aboutit à la bataille de Trafalgar en 1805.L'amiral Nelson y inflige une défaite décisive à la flotte franco-espagnole. La supériorité maritime de l'Angleterre devient incontestable, et tout espoir de débarquement s'effondre. Napoléon comprend alors qu'il ne pourra jamais rivaliser sur mer.Une stratégie continentale de remplacementFace à cet échec, Napoléon change de tactique. Il choisit la guerre économique : c'est le Blocus continental, lancé en 1806, qui interdit à tous les pays européens sous influence française de commercer avec le Royaume-Uni. L'objectif est d'étrangler l'économie britannique. Mais cette stratégie se retourne contre lui, ruinant des économies alliées et poussant certains pays à la révolte, comme la Russie.Une impossibilité technique et politiqueAu fond, même si Napoléon était un stratège redoutable sur terre, il n'avait ni la maîtrise navale, ni les capacités logistiques suffisantes pour traverser la Manche face à la Royal Navy. De plus, l'opinion publique britannique, unie et protégée par la mer, n'a jamais montré de signe de faiblesse permettant une attaque surprise ou un soulèvement interne.ConclusionNapoléon n'a jamais attaqué directement le Royaume-Uni car il en était empêché par un mur naturel — la mer — et un rempart militaire — la flotte britannique. Ce projet abandonné signe l'une de ses rares limites stratégiques : le contrôle des mers lui a échappé, et avec lui, l'idée d'une conquête de l'Angleterre. Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

In this episode, Neil delves into the delicate balance of generosity in hospitality, exploring how to avoid creating confusion for guests when offering kindness. Drawing on personal anecdotes and experiences, Neil emphasises the importance of clarity in communication. KEY TAKEAWAYS When offering kindness or additional services to guests, it's crucial to communicate clearly that there are no hidden costs or expectations. Phrases like "this is on me" or "just part of the welcome" help set the right tone. Creating opportunities for guests to contribute, such as a communal barbecue where everyone brings a dish, fosters a sense of community and reduces feelings of awkwardness. Being attentive to guests' emotional states and offering support, like a meal or a listening ear, can significantly enhance their experience. Providing clear information about any additional services or offerings before guests arrive can prevent misunderstandings and ensure they feel comfortable. Small, thoughtful gestures can have a lasting impact on guests. Whether it's a handwritten note or simply being a good listener, these acts contribute to a positive experience and can create a meaningful connection. BEST MOMENTS "When you want to treat somebody, make it clear from the outset that this is the case. It's your treat." "When we're not clear, or when we accidentally attach money to what is meant to be a gift or an act of generosity, we risk changing the emotional meaning of the gesture." "I have to enjoy myself too. And having you join me with whatever it is would tick that box." "Here's what I can offer. Here's what it costs. And simple, transparent, no surprises, no awkwardness." "All that you take with you when you die is what you gave away when you were alive." CONTACT DETAILS Visit Neil's Airbnb https://bit.ly/SuperhostNeil Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/superhostneil/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SuperhostNeil TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@superhostneil Email: SuperhostNeil@gmail.com  ABOUT THE HOST Neil has led a fulfilled and unconventional life, navigating an extraordinary journey from the Royal Navy to prop-making in London's West End theatres. Born into a military family, it was a twist of fate which led him to the theatre, where he contributed to iconic productions such as Phantom of the Opera. Eventually, Neil transitioned to Corporate Event Team Building, eventually founding his own venture in 1999. Financial challenges in 2017 are what prompted a strategic shift to Airbnb hosting, proving a reliable backup income. By 2021, Neil and his business partner triumphed over significant debt, fuelled by their resilience and the success of Neil's Airbnb venture. Now, Neil has left the corporate world behind, thriving solely through his flourishing Airbnb endeavours. ABOUT THE SHOW Welcome to "The Airbnb Superhost," your ultimate guide to mastering the art of hosting on Airbnb. In each concise 15-minute episode, Neil will reveal the secrets to creating unforgettable guest experiences and maximizing the potential of your property, drawing on over 9 consecutive years as a qualifying Airbnb Superhost. With a focus on 3 specific aspects of running an Airbnb business; the host, the property, and Airbnb itself, Neil provides step-by-step guidance on everything from ambience creation to effective communication. In each episode, a Superhost Secret will help you elevate your hosting game and keep guests coming back for more. Whether you're a seasoned host or just starting out, Neil's actionable tips and tricks will help you become a hospitality superstar. Disclaimer: The Airbnb Superhost is in no way affiliated with Airbnb. All ideas, thoughts, concepts and data presented in this podcast are entirely Neil's own and do not represent the views of Airbnb. This Podcast has been brought to you by Disruptive Media. https://disruptivemedia.co.uk/

The head of NATO issues his starkest warning yet about Russia's readiness for war. We speak to Ed Arnold, a senior research fellow at the defence think-tank RUSI and a former infantry officer.In Ukraine, drone warfare is reaching ever-more sophisticated levels. We look at how this single weapon is changing warfare with Dr. Ulrike Franke, a Senior Policy Fellow at the European Council on Foreign Relations.And the Royal Navy's Carrier Strike Group makes its way through the Red Sea – what next for this projection of UK military power? We get the thoughts of Commodore Steve Prest who was the Commander Weapon Engineer on Britain's other carrier, HMS Queen Elizabeth. He was also part of the top-level team that brought the QE out of build and into sea trials.

Each theater of war during World War 2 offered something unique and dangerous, Europe it was the winters, the Pacific had tropical diseases, but North Africa, it was a whole different ballgame. A desert stretching more than 2,000 miles from Morocco to Egypt with a lotta wide open spaces between. When Hitler invaded France on May 10, 1940, Mussolini waited with bated breath for the right moment to announce he was taking his talents to the Axis IYKYK. 4 weeks into the Battle of France it was obvious France wasn't going to keep Germany out of her, so Mussolini makes his declaration of war on the Allies June 10.. Now Benny had told Adolf he wasn't gonna be ready until 1942 to make with the warring but the prospect of expanding across N. Africa (they already controlled Libya, which happens to border British controlled Egypt) was too good to pass up. Mussolini believed Hitler's planned invasion of the British home islands would pull a large amount of forces away from Egypt and it would be easy pickings. He'd capture the Suez Canal and control the Mediterranean, preventing the Allies from launching any invasions from the south. Well Hitler's invasion never happened but Benito was so excited he decided to go forward with the battle for North Africa anyway. It started out pretty much how you'd expect for the Italians, they weren't ready, the British were. The Royal Navy reigned supreme in the Med which meant for the duration of the North Africa Campaign, all supplies coming from Italy were under attack. It didn't take long for Mussolini to go hat in hand to Hitler and ask for help. Hitler decided to send one of his most decorated general's at the time, Erwin Rommel to clean up the Italian mess. What followed was the first real instance of Axis vs Allies on a large scale and it served to influence how the war was going to be fought going forward. Quit reading this nerd and get into the episode. Support the show

Today, Neil shares insightful anecdotes about the pitfalls of making assumptions in the world of hosting. Drawing from his experiences during a recent punk rock festival weekend, Neil recounts incidents where he jumped to conclusions about his guests' behaviour, only to discover the truth was far different from his initial perceptions. He emphasises the importance of understanding multiple perspectives and encourages listeners to ask questions before forming judgments.  KEY TAKEAWAYS Jumping to conclusions without understanding the full context can lead to misunderstandings. It's important to seek out multiple perspectives before forming a judgment. Being curious about others' experiences and viewpoints can prevent misinterpretations and foster better communication. Asking questions can clarify situations and lead to more informed decisions. Understanding that guests have varying needs and expectations can help hosts manage their properties more effectively. Tailoring experiences to different groups can enhance guest satisfaction. Reflecting on past incidents can provide valuable lessons. By analysing previous situations, hosts can improve their responses and avoid repeating mistakes. Recognising that everyone has their own story and challenges can lead to greater empathy. This understanding can improve interactions and create a more welcoming environment for guests. BEST MOMENTS "The age old saying that the word assume makes an ass out of you and me became my reality." "There are always two sides to every story, and I really should never make a judgment until I have heard both sides." "As soon as people see that I have a false leg, they assume that I am disabled and they don't treat me normally as I want them to." "Had I asked the festival goers about last year's Midnight Madness, I'd have got a completely different view of what had actually gone on." "When you think you know all that you see, but you're blind to what else there might be, then you face your doom as the word assume is an ass made with you and me." CONTACT DETAILS Visit Neil's Airbnb https://bit.ly/SuperhostNeil Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/superhostneil/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SuperhostNeil TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@superhostneil Email: SuperhostNeil@gmail.com  ABOUT THE HOST Neil has led a fulfilled and unconventional life, navigating an extraordinary journey from the Royal Navy to prop-making in London's West End theatres. Born into a military family, it was a twist of fate which led him to the theatre, where he contributed to iconic productions such as Phantom of the Opera. Eventually, Neil transitioned to Corporate Event Team Building, eventually founding his own venture in 1999. Financial challenges in 2017 are what prompted a strategic shift to Airbnb hosting, proving a reliable backup income. By 2021, Neil and his business partner triumphed over significant debt, fuelled by their resilience and the success of Neil's Airbnb venture. Now, Neil has left the corporate world behind, thriving solely through his flourishing Airbnb endeavours. ABOUT THE SHOW Welcome to "The Airbnb Superhost," your ultimate guide to mastering the art of hosting on Airbnb. In each concise 15-minute episode, Neil will reveal the secrets to creating unforgettable guest experiences and maximizing the potential of your property, drawing on over 9 consecutive years as a qualifying Airbnb Superhost. With a focus on 3 specific aspects of running an Airbnb business; the host, the property, and Airbnb itself, Neil provides step-by-step guidance on everything from ambience creation to effective communication. In each episode, a Superhost Secret will help you elevate your hosting game and keep guests coming back for more. Whether you're a seasoned host or just starting out, Neil's actionable tips and tricks will help you become a hospitality superstar. Disclaimer: The Airbnb Superhost is in no way affiliated with Airbnb. All ideas, thoughts, concepts and data presented in this podcast are entirely Neil's own and do not represent the views of Airbnb. This Podcast has been brought to you by Disruptive Media. https://disruptivemedia.co.uk/

I finally get to go over the notable ships of one of the big navies!   Bibliography for this episode:  Hobbs, David British Aircraft Carriers: Design, Development, and Service Histories Seaforth Publishing 2013 Friedman, Norman The British Battleship 1906-1946 Seaforth Publishing 2015 Konstam, Angus British Aircraft Carriers 1939-45 Osprey Publishing 2010 Friedman, Norman British Cruisers: Two World Wars and After Seaforth Publishing 2010 Konstam, Angus British Destroyers 1939-45: Pre-War Classes Osprey Publishing 2017 Konstam, Angus British Destroyers 1939-45: Wartime Built Classes Osprey Publishing 2017 McCartney, Innes British Submarines 1939-45 Osprey Publishing 2006 Martindale, E.V. Submarines of World War II 1939-45 Amber Books 2024 Bishop, Chris The Encyclopedia of Weapons of World War II Barnes & Noble Inc 1998   Questions? Comments? Email me at peaceintheirtime@gmail.com

We are giving away a GAIM Virtual Shooting Simulator!  Phillip Jones from GAIM joins the show to discuss their virtual reality hunting and shooting simulator.  The conversation begins with Phillip's journey beginning as a hunter in the U.K, serving in the Royal Navy, moving to America & working in the firearm industry, falling in love with bird dogs and bird hunting, launching GAIM, how the system works for hunters, shooters & firearm safety training.  We fire up the GAIM and shoot through multiple scenarios during the show before explaining our giveaway.  @GAIM_USA   Presented by: Walton's (waltons.com/) OnX Maps (onxmaps.com/) Aluma Trailers (alumaklm.com) Hoksey Native Seeds (hokseynativeseeds.com) GAIM Hunting & Shooting Simulator (gaim.com/) Aberdeen (HuntFishSD.com) & Compeer Home (compeerhome.com)

We are giving away a GAIM Virtual Shooting Simulator!  Phillip Jones from GAIM joins the show to discuss their virtual reality hunting and shooting simulator.  The conversation begins with Phillip's journey beginning as a hunter in the U.K, serving in the Royal Navy, moving to America & working in the firearm industry, falling in love with bird dogs and bird hunting, launching GAIM, how the system works for hunters, shooters & firearm safety training.  We fire up the GAIM and shoot through multiple scenarios during the show before explaining our giveaway.  @GAIM_USA   Presented by: Walton's (waltons.com/) OnX Maps (onxmaps.com/) Aluma Trailers (alumaklm.com) Hoksey Native Seeds (hokseynativeseeds.com) GAIM Hunting & Shooting Simulator (gaim.com/) Aberdeen (HuntFishSD.com) & Compeer Home (compeerhome.com)

This episode continues our series on the Cinque Ports, an ancient confederation of towns in southeast England that provided ships and men to the crown in return for special powers and privileges. They have since become rightly dubbed as the cradle of the Royal Navy. This episode brings us to the lovely town of Tenterden, which joined the Cinque Ports confederation in 1449 supplying ships and men against French raiders. Nearby was the important port of Small Hythe, once a bustling and thriving shipbuilding centre before environmental change dramatically altered the landscape. Recent archaeological investigation has hinted at the scale of maritime industry that was once here, and a visit to Tenterden shows just how wealthy and significant this town once was. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The end of the Warfare Officer? You're not unskilled, they're the wrong skills. In a rain-beaten marina on a rugged coastline, near a nameless village more familiar with fishing than fleet operations, a teenage Able Seaman sits inside a converted shipping container. Watching a laptop screen, they remotely pilot a small crewless boat through choppy waters via a suite of cameras and RADAR feeds. For all intents and purposes, they are the Captain. Down the road, on a slipway framed with lobster pots and fishing gear, a Petty Officer and Leading Hand haul 15-metres of uncrewed craft onto a trailer. With a police escort arranged and explosives securely stowed in a separate vehicle, they tow it down narrow B-roads to its next launch site. Followed by a small convoy of HGVs containing ancillary equipment and spares. Armed with little more than an expense account the skill to reverse an oversized trailer, they fulfil the traditional roles of Navigator and Officer of the Watch where moving naval fighting capabilities is concerned. These scenes stand in stark contrast to the age-old image of a Commanding Officer directing a Frigates movement across open sea from his chair on the bridge. Modern navies are undergoing a seismic shift in relevance, away from the skill set of their senior officers who cut their teeth on 5,000-tonne, 130-metre warships and bigger, and toward young operators and technicians independently deploying tiny uncrewed systems from the backs of lorries to greater maritime effect. The hierarchy of most navies has long been built around crewing entire flotillas of ships, with only a limited number of shore-based roles supporting operations from the rear. But the rise of autonomous platforms is disrupting that structure, challenging the relevance of the traditional command pipeline. In tomorrow's navy, do expert leaders qualified in seamanship and commanding operations from capital ships offer more value than an Able Seaman who can command multiple vessels from a single screen? What does it mean to grow officers through the classic path of shipboard appointments when the conventional warship is fast becoming the exception, not the rule? If most naval capability in the future is delivered from shore, operated remotely, or automated entirely, then is the role of the seagoing 'sailor' now something rare and specialised, less a core function and more a niche within a much broader system biasing towards land operations with maritime effectors deployed at reach? Today, battles at sea are already being won by lone teenagers remotely piloting a USV with helm controls mapped to a modified Xbox controller and laptop from miles away, supported by a mechanic with a Cat C+E licence hauling the latest capability on a trailer, as by a seasoned commander on the bridge of a warship with charge of a crew several hundred strong. Modern Navies are discovering that expertise in the latest iteration of nautical skills no longer guarantees expert opinion in utilising modern technology. This article argues that autonomy and uncrewed systems are reshaping naval power, placing greater importance on digital literacy and low level mechanical skills found in trades once considered vocational, rather than the strategic conversations based on traditional strategic warfare roles. Navies around the world are rapidly adopting uncrewed systems, on the surface, underwater, and in the air, to take on roles once reserved for fully crewed warships. The U.S. Navy's Ghost Fleet Overlord programme, for example, fields 90-metre drone ships that have sailed thousands of miles and even launched missiles under remote supervision by operators too junior to stand a traditional bridge watch. Australia has followed suit with Sentinel, a converted patrol boat and now the country's largest autonomous vessel, monitored by a skeleton crew of engineers camping onboard and advanced autonomy software. The Royal Navy, meanwhile, has demonstrated this shift through its NavyX...

I greet you in Jesus' precious name! It is Tuesday morning, the 3rd of June, 2025, and this is your friend, Angus Buchan, with a thought for today. I want to speak to you today about the unsung heroes, the people who no one knows about, but they just get on and do the job. I want to speak to you about Joseph. No, not Joseph, the Prime Minister of Egypt who became the second most powerful man on earth, next to Pharaoh himself, not that Joseph. No, no, no! I want to speak to you about Joseph who was the earthly father of Jesus. If we look at Matthew 1:20-21, this is what the Bible says: “But while he thought about these things, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream, saying, “Joseph, son of David, do not be afraid to take to you Mary your wife, for that which is conceived in her is of the Holy Spirit. And she will bring forth a Son, and you (Joseph, yes -the carpenter, I am talking about, and you) shall call His name Jesus, for He will save His people from their sins.”I asked my wife this morning, “If you had to tell me about one unsung hero in the Bible…?” and she immediately said, “Joseph.” Joseph - we don't hear much about Joseph, do we? He is just a carpenter but I want to tell you that he was the earthly father of Jesus Christ, my beloved and your beloved Saviour. I want to say to you today, I know of two unsung heroes that I want to tell you about. The first one was and old man and his wife that came to live with us, and he stayed here with us on this farm, Shalom, until the day he died. He was a wonderful old man. He forged his mother's signature when he was underage to join the Royal Navy so that he could go fight in the 2nd World War. He had chest problems, caught while he was in the navy but he came and spent his latter days with me. He used to come down every morning with a little piece of paper and on there was a scripture reading and he used to say to me, “Angus, there is a scripture for you today.” He used to take all our children that lived at Shalom to school everyday. But I want to tell you, that man impacted my life more than many.There is another man. This man is one of the top businessmen in South Africa. He is the man that started the whole Wimpy Fast Food Franchise for the Southern Hemisphere. He was a director of numerous companies. He laid it all down for one reason, so that he could go home and nurse his wife, which he is still doing and enjoying it immensely. That man has impacted my life more than many of the giants that we read about or hear about of the faith.Today, just be faithful to God and He will do the rest. Jesus bless you and goodbye.

In this episode, Neil shares his insights on maximising profitability and guest experience during the Slam Dunk Music Festival weekend in Hatfield, UK. He reveals how he creates a vibrant atmosphere for festival-goers by hosting surprise barbecues and facilitating social interactions among guests. Neil also emphasises the importance of understanding the law of supply and demand, particularly during high-demand events, and offers practical tips for increasing room rates and enhancing guest experiences. KEY TAKEAWAYS Recognising local events, like the Slam Dunk Music Festival, can significantly increase demand for accommodations, allowing hosts to raise their prices accordingly. By anticipating guests' needs and creating a welcoming environment (such as a surprise barbecue), hosts can enhance the guest experience, leading to positive interactions and repeat bookings. Setting up spaces that promote conversation, like a fire pit with seating arranged to face each other, can help guests bond and create a fun atmosphere, making their stay more enjoyable. Satisfied guests are likely to return, especially if they have formed friendships during their stay. This can lead to a loyal customer base that looks forward to returning each year. Costs associated with enhancing the guest experience, such as food and drinks provided during special events, can be considered business expenses and are tax-deductible, making it financially viable for hosts to invest in guest experiences. BEST MOMENTS "My goal was to engineer that to happen. And the way I decided to do it was to prepare a surprise barbecue for them on their return to the house." "There's something hypnotic about looking into the flames of a log fire. I mean, it's human nature." "Guess what happened the following year? The moment the dates for the festival were announced, half my rooms were booked overnight by a few core guests who had come the year before." "Find out when any event being held in your area is going to create demand on accommodation and increase the prices of your rooms for the duration of that event." "When the festival music was done, I surprised them with more late-night fun. With drinks and good cheer, they booked for next year." CONTACT DETAILS Visit Neil's Airbnb https://bit.ly/SuperhostNeil Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/superhostneil/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SuperhostNeil TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@superhostneil Email: SuperhostNeil@gmail.com ABOUT THE HOST Neil has led a fulfilled and unconventional life, navigating an extraordinary journey from the Royal Navy to prop-making in London's West End theatres. Born into a military family, it was a twist of fate which led him to the theatre, where he contributed to iconic productions such as Phantom of the Opera. Eventually, Neil transitioned to Corporate Event Team Building, eventually founding his own venture in 1999. Financial challenges in 2017 are what prompted a strategic shift to Airbnb hosting, proving a reliable backup income. By 2021, Neil and his business partner triumphed over significant debt, fuelled by their resilience and the success of Neil's Airbnb venture. Now, Neil has left the corporate world behind, thriving solely through his flourishing Airbnb endeavours. ABOUT THE SHOW Welcome to "The Airbnb Superhost," your ultimate guide to mastering the art of hosting on Airbnb. In each concise 15-minute episode, Neil will reveal the secrets to creating unforgettable guest experiences and maximizing the potential of your property, drawing on over 9 consecutive years as a qualifying Airbnb Superhost. With a focus on 3 specific aspects of running an Airbnb business; the host, the property, and Airbnb itself, Neil provides step-by-step guidance on everything from ambience creation to effective communication. In each episode, a Superhost Secret will help you elevate your hosting game and keep guests coming back for more. Whether you're a seasoned host or just starting out, Neil’s actionable tips and tricks will help you become a hospitality superstar. Disclaimer: The Airbnb Superhost is in no way affiliated with Airbnb. All ideas, thoughts, concepts and data presented in this podcast are entirely Neil’s own and do not represent the views of Airbnb. This Podcast has been brought to you by Disruptive Media. https://disruptivemedia.co.uk/

George Lowther was a mutineer and a pirate, one of the most prolific during the golden age of piracy. His first mate, Edward "Ned" Low, went on to establish himself as perhaps the most sadistic and depraved of all pirate captains. Virtually all popular sources specify Lowther's death being by suicide in 1723, while marooned on the small island of Blanquilla, off the coast of Venezuela. While researching the War of Jenkins' Ear, historian Craig Chapman found repeated references to "Lowther the Pirate" in primary source material. This Lowther was pardoned and commissioned as a Royal Navy lieutenant in 1741. Further research revealed that this was indeed George Lowther, and therefore, that the date and place of his death had been reported erroneously. Military historian and author Craig Chapman shares the story of how Lowther became a pirate, some of his most notable and notorious actions, and his astonishing resurfacing years after his purported death. His book is called "The Resurrected Pirate: The Life, Death, and Subsequent Career of the Notorious George Lowther". The author's website: https://craigschapman.com/ The author's Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/CraigSChapmanAuthor/ Hungry? Support the show here! Get started with Factor here to get 50% off plus FREE shipping on your first box!: http://factormeals.com/notorious50off Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

I finally get to cover one of the truly big navies of the period! In this first episode covering the Royal Navy, I'll be taking a look at the planning and strategy of the British admiralty in the 1930s. Obviously things didn't go according to plan, but it's good to have context on what their intentions were going into the war.    Bibliography for this episode:  Field, Andrew Royal Navy Strategy in the Far East 1919-1939: Preparing for War against Japan Frank Cass 2004 Gordon, G.A.H. British Seapower and Procurement between the Wars: A Reappraisal of Rearmament Macmillan Press 1988 Harding, Richard The Royal Navy, 1930-2000: Innovation and Defense Frank Cass 2005   Questions? Comments? Email me at peaceintheirtime@gmail.com

Preview: Author Eric Jay Dolin, "Left for Dead," reports the quandary for 1812 American sealers confronting an ambitious Royal Navy officer in the end of the known world, the Falklands2848 WINDSOR. More later.

Al amanecer del martes 9 de abril de 1940, las fuerzas alemanas invadieron Dinamarca en pocas horas, y lanzaron una extraordinaria operación a lo largo de más de 1000 kilómetros del litoral de Noruega. La operación tuvo lugar ante las mismísimas narices de la Royal Navy. Te lo cuenta Antonio Muñoz Lorente, autor del libro, y Antonio Gómez. 📚 Puedes encontrar "Noruega 1940, la invasión alemana y la desastrosa campaña aliada" en tu librería habitual, o en su editorial o en el enlace de la editorial https://edicionessalamina.com/p/noruega-1940-antonio-munoz Casus Belli Podcast pertenece a 🏭 Factoría Casus Belli. Casus Belli Podcast forma parte de 📀 Ivoox Originals. 📚 Zeppelin Books (Digital) y 📚 DCA Editor (Físico) http://zeppelinbooks.com son sellos editoriales de la 🏭 Factoría Casus Belli. Estamos en: 🆕 WhatsApp https://bit.ly/CasusBelliWhatsApp 👉 X/Twitter https://twitter.com/CasusBelliPod 👉 Facebook https://www.facebook.com/CasusBelliPodcast 👉 Instagram estamos https://www.instagram.com/casusbellipodcast 👉 Telegram Canal https://t.me/casusbellipodcast 👉 Telegram Grupo de Chat https://t.me/casusbellipod 📺 YouTube https://bit.ly/casusbelliyoutube 👉 TikTok https://www.tiktok.com/@casusbelli10 👉 https://podcastcasusbelli.com 👨💻Nuestro chat del canal es https://t.me/casusbellipod ⚛️ El logotipo de Casus Belli Podcasdt y el resto de la Factoría Casus Belli están diseñados por Publicidad Fabián publicidadfabian@yahoo.es 🎵 La música incluida en el programa es Ready for the war de Marc Corominas Pujadó bajo licencia CC. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/ El resto de música es bajo licencia privada de Epidemic Music, Jamendo Music o SGAE SGAE RRDD/4/1074/1012 de Ivoox. 🎭Las opiniones expresadas en este programa de pódcast, son de exclusiva responsabilidad de quienes las trasmiten. Que cada palo aguante su vela. 📧¿Queréis contarnos algo? También puedes escribirnos a casus.belli.pod@gmail.com ¿Quieres anunciarte en este podcast, patrocinar un episodio o una serie? Hazlo a través de 👉 https://www.advoices.com/casus-belli-podcast-historia Si te ha gustado, y crees que nos lo merecemos, nos sirve mucho que nos des un like, ya que nos da mucha visibilidad. Muchas gracias por escucharnos, y hasta la próxima. Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals

Andy and Elton sail off to intercept the Bismarck to see if they can put a few holes in it. The World War II story of the Royal Navy’s effort to defeat Nazi Germany’s most powerful warship. We are NOT experts, veterans or master tacticians of World War II but we do love a bloody...

As the Royal Navy unveils HMS Venturer to the public for the first time – we ask, what hope does the first Inspiration Class Frigate offer a surface fleet short on ships and sailors?Sitrep's reporter David Sivills-McCann has all the answers - he witnessed the new type 31 frigate rolling out of the build hall in Rosyth. The former second sea lord and Babcock chief executive of marine Sir Nick Hine says the Royal Navy will love her.We'll also look at the German Chancellor's announcement that restrictions are lifted on long range Western weapons supplied to Ukraine – and that his country will help them make their own. It's been a contentious issue for well over a year now - both before and after ATACMs and Storm Shadows were supplied to Ukraine. Sitrep's Ukraine reporter Simon Newton tells us how significant this move is.And the story of the secret unit set up in World War 2, to deceive, mis-inform and, on occasion, come up with believable lies. Terry Stiastny's new book examines the people and the tactics used by the Political Warfare Executive whose job it was to broadcast fake news to the occupied countries in World War 2.

In this episode of The Inquisitor Podcast, host Marcus Cauchi speaks with Michael Davis-Marks, a veteran of the Royal Navy who commanded a nuclear-powered submarine and now focuses on leadership development and advocating for the veteran community. They discuss decision-making under pressure, the unique transferable skills veterans bring to civilian life, and the critical differences between traditional and effective leadership models like servant leadership. The conversation highlights the importance of training, teamwork, delegation, building trust, and fostering a culture where people feel valued and empowered to do their best work. Michael Davis-Marks: Spent 36 years in the Royal Navy, primarily as a submariner, including commanding a nuclear-powered submarine. Served in the British Embassy during 9-11. Since leaving the Navy 13 years ago, he has focused on leadership development and culture. He is also the managing editor of TheVeteran.uk, a publication that gives voice to the veteran community. His mission is to amplify the lived experience of veterans, challenge outdated stereotypes, and advocate for what armed forces veterans can offer to organisations, employers, and society. Key Discussion Points: Veterans as a Valuable Asset: Veterans possess extraordinary transferable skills such as leadership, teamwork, discipline, and commitment, which can be enormously helpful to organisations and society as a whole. There are approximately 2.2 million veterans in the UK, about a million of whom are of working age, representing a significant pool of talent. Challenging Stereotypes: The common stereotype of military people as "Colonel Blimp" or a "shouty sergeant" is inaccurate for the vast majority of veterans. Veteran Mindset: Many veterans, including Michael, don't initially realise how much they have to offer civilian life due to a self-effacing mindset developed through military training that prioritises the team over the individual. Decision Making Under Stress: The military trains individuals to remain calm and think clearly in high-pressure situations. The ability to make good decisions under stress is crucial and can be developed through training and building resilience. Leadership Defined: Leadership is not about telling people what to do. It's about motivating and inspiring people, helping them become better versions of themselves. Servant Leadership: This model posits that the leader is there to serve the people subordinate to them, helping them realise their full potential. It's about looking after the people in your charge, not just being in charge. Delegation vs. Abdication: Leaders who spend their time "doing" are stealing learning opportunities and growth from their people. Empowering people to work things out for themselves, rather than always providing the answer, is crucial for development. Michael's rule was "don't bring me problems, bring me solutions". Allowing people to "have a go," even if they make mistakes in a safe environment, fosters learning. Creating Conditions for Trust: Trust begins with the leader's self-awareness, emotional intelligence, and empathy. It is developed by assigning low-risk tasks initially, being a mentor and coach, gently nudging rather than directing, and providing encouragement and positive feedback. Leadership is Trainable: While some may be "born leaders," leadership skills can be taught and developed through training and practical experience. Openness to feedback and the realisation that one is not perfect are key to improvement. The Staircase of Learning: This concept describes the progression from unconscious incompetence (not knowing what you don't know) through conscious incompetence and conscious competence to unconscious competence (second nature). Training and repetition are critical to moving through these stages and building resilience. Continuous Improvement: In the military, standard operating procedures were changed "all the time" because you can't stand still; "every day is a school day". Agility of thought is essential because plans often don't survive first contact. The Leader's Role: The leader's job is to create the conditions for their people to do their best work. Delegating tasks to competent people allows the leader to step back, maintain a strategic view, and avoid becoming a bottleneck or single point of failure. The Importance of People: People are the most important asset in any organisation, not just numbers on a spreadsheet. Treat them as people. A high staff retention rate is often a sign of a happy and well-led company. People frequently leave jobs because of their boss, particularly if the boss prevents them from doing their best work. Beating people does not improve morale. Advice for New Managers: "Get Off Your Arse" (GOYA) is crucial advice. New managers should spend their initial time listening, walking around, asking curious questions about what people do, what they like/dislike, and what can be improved. Taking notes shows you are listening and helps you remember. Getting out and talking to people makes them feel important and that they belong. This approach should be routine, not just for the first few days. Lesson for a Younger Self: Michael would tell his 23-year-old self that he knows much less than he thinks and is surrounded by people who can help. He would advise working on relationships with others to learn and grow together as a team, emphasising that people are the most important aspect in everything. Recommended Resources: "Turn the Ship Around" by David Marquette (Discusses an "I intend to" model of leadership empowering the team). "Always Start With Why" by Simon Sinek. "Leaders Eat Last" by Simon Sinek (Highlights the principle of leaders serving those who rely on them). TheVeteran.uk: Publication giving voice to the veteran community. Connecting with Michael Davis-Marks on LinkedIn

fWotD Episode 2944: McDonnell Douglas Phantom in UK service Welcome to Featured Wiki of the Day, your daily dose of knowledge from Wikipedia's finest articles.The featured article for Tuesday, 27 May 2025, is McDonnell Douglas Phantom in UK service.The McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II was one of the principal combat aircraft of the United Kingdom (UK) from 1968 to 1992. The UK was the first export customer for the US-built F-4 Phantom, which was ordered in the context of political and economic difficulties around British designs for similar aircraft. The Phantom was procured to serve in both the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm and the Royal Air Force (RAF) in several roles including air defence, close air support, low-level attack and tactical reconnaissance.Most Phantoms operated by the UK were built as a special batch containing a significant amount of British technology. This was a means of supporting the British aerospace industry in the wake of major project cancellations. Two variants were initially built for the UK: the F-4K variant was designed from the outset as an air-defence interceptor to be operated by the Fleet Air Arm from the Royal Navy's aircraft carriers, and the F-4M version was operated by the RAF in tactical strike and reconnaissance roles. In the mid-1980s, a third Phantom variant was obtained when fifteen second-hand F-4J aircraft were purchased to augment the UK's air defences following the Falklands War.The Phantom entered service with both the Fleet Air Arm and the RAF in 1969. In Fleet Air Arm service, it was primarily intended for fleet air defence, with secondary conventional and nuclear strike roles; in the RAF it was soon replaced in its initial tasks by other aircraft designed specifically for strike, close air support and reconnaissance, and instead was moved to the air-defence mission. By the mid-1970s, the Phantom had become the UK's principal interceptor; it continued in this role until 1992, when it was withdrawn as part of a series of post-Cold War defence cuts.This recording reflects the Wikipedia text as of 00:56 UTC on Tuesday, 27 May 2025.For the full current version of the article, see McDonnell Douglas Phantom in UK service on Wikipedia.This podcast uses content from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.Visit our archives at wikioftheday.com and subscribe to stay updated on new episodes.Follow us on Mastodon at @wikioftheday@masto.ai.Also check out Curmudgeon's Corner, a current events podcast.Until next time, I'm neural Aria.

In this episode, Neil shares the joys and memorable experiences that come with being an Airbnb host. Focusing on the positive aspects of hosting, Neil recounts fun interactions with guests, from playing croquet with French engineering students to hosting spontaneous house parties that celebrate diverse cultures through food. He emphasises the importance of making guests feel valued and creating lasting memories, highlighting how small gestures of kindness can lead to meaningful connections. KEY TAKEAWAYS Instead of dwelling on the negatives of hosting, it's important to highlight the joyful experiences and connections made with guests. Emphasising fun can enhance the hosting experience for both the host and the guests. Every guest arrives with an unspoken desire to feel valued. By creating a welcoming and engaging atmosphere, hosts can foster memorable interactions that make guests feel special. Hosting can be enriched by participating in fun activities with guests, such as games, food gatherings, or local events. These shared experiences can create lasting memories and strengthen connections. Acknowledging and celebrating guests' accomplishments, no matter how small, can significantly enhance their experience. Simple gestures, like sharing a drink or a meal, can leave a lasting impact. The law of reciprocity suggests that when hosts show kindness and warmth, guests are likely to respond in kind. This creates a positive cycle of goodwill that benefits both parties and enhances the overall hosting experience. BEST MOMENTS "Every one of them has a message stamped on their forehead that reads, make me feel important." "When you share a fun activity with someone else, their reaction to the experience will amplify the fun that you get too." "It's not just about sharing food with guests from six different countries or riding bikes to the pub. It's been about why these moments matter." "When a guest shows up at your door, they don't wear that badge saying, make me feel important. But just like everybody else on the planet, it's secretly there." "These aren't marketing tricks, they're just moments of genuine connection and the more you give, the more that comes back to you." CONTACT DETAILS Visit Neil's Airbnb https://bit.ly/SuperhostNeil Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/superhostneil/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SuperhostNeil TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@superhostneil Email: SuperhostNeil@gmail.com ABOUT THE HOST Neil has led a fulfilled and unconventional life, navigating an extraordinary journey from the Royal Navy to prop-making in London's West End theatres. Born into a military family, it was a twist of fate which led him to the theatre, where he contributed to iconic productions such as Phantom of the Opera. Eventually, Neil transitioned to Corporate Event Team Building, eventually founding his own venture in 1999. Financial challenges in 2017 are what prompted a strategic shift to Airbnb hosting, proving a reliable backup income. By 2021, Neil and his business partner triumphed over significant debt, fuelled by their resilience and the success of Neil's Airbnb venture. Now, Neil has left the corporate world behind, thriving solely through his flourishing Airbnb endeavours. ABOUT THE SHOW Welcome to "The Airbnb Superhost," your ultimate guide to mastering the art of hosting on Airbnb. In each concise 15-minute episode, Neil will reveal the secrets to creating unforgettable guest experiences and maximizing the potential of your property, drawing on over 9 consecutive years as a qualifying Airbnb Superhost. With a focus on 3 specific aspects of running an Airbnb business; the host, the property, and Airbnb itself, Neil provides step-by-step guidance on everything from ambience creation to effective communication. In each episode, a Superhost Secret will help you elevate your hosting game and keep guests coming back for more. Whether you're a seasoned host or just starting out, Neil’s actionable tips and tricks will help you become a hospitality superstar. Disclaimer: The Airbnb Superhost is in no way affiliated with Airbnb. All ideas, thoughts, concepts and data presented in this podcast are entirely Neil’s own and do not represent the views of Airbnb. This Podcast has been brought to you by Disruptive Media. https://disruptivemedia.co.uk/

Unfolding Consciousness, Exploring the Living Universe and Intelligent powers in Nature and Humans is our subject, and our writer and speaker is Edi Bilimoria born in India and educated at the universities of London, Sussex and Oxford, Edi is an extraordinary blend of experience in the fields of science, art and philosophy.A dedicated student of the perennial philosophy for half a century, Edi has given courses and lectured extensively in the UK, and internationally in California, The Netherlands, India and Australia. He has organized and chaired several major conferences on the different but overlapping roles of Science, Religion and Practical philosophy. He also served as Education Manager for the Theosophical Society in Australia, developing courses and supervising the Research, National Media, and National Members Lending Libraries.His written work has been published extensively in the fields of science, engineering and esoteric philosophy.Edi is an award winning Consultant Engineer for the petrochemical, oil and gas, aerospace, transport, and construction industries. He has also worked in safety and environmental management for the Royal Navy and has been Project Manager and Head of Design for major innovative projects such as the Channel Tunnel, The London Underground systems and offshore installations.Edi is also an experienced glider pilot, is a talented singer… and an extraordinary pianist and practices regularly on his mahogany Steinway grand piano.Edi Bilimoria is a lovely, gentle and compassionate soul with a powerful presence and the most beautiful of hearts.Please enjoy my conversation with Edi Bilimoria.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/next-level-soul-podcast-with-alex-ferrari--4858435/support.

This DAV Podcast features an inspiring conversation with Chef Robert Irvine, a culinary maestro, television personality, author, and ardent advocate for veterans. Irvine shares his remarkable journey, from joining the Royal Navy at 15, to his rise as a celebrated chef who has cooked for royalty and heads of state. He discusses how his military service instilled in him invaluable leadership skills and a direct communication style that has propelled his diverse career, from cruise ship kitchens to founding successful food brands. Irvine also highlights his passion for giving back, particularly through his foundation, which focuses on the mental and physical well-being of veterans, and his involvement with DAV's Patriot Boot Camp, emphasizing the importance of community and mentorship for veterans transitioning into entrepreneurship.

Did the British send Royal Navy fleets into the fight against Japan? Was Stalin the new Napoleon of Europe? And what exactly is a wigeon? Join Al Murray and James Holland as they discuss a range of poltical and military topics, from The West to The Far East, as well as answering subscriber questions. Listen ad-free on Patreon and get your questions featured on the show - sign up at patreon.com/wehaveways A Goalhanger Production Produced by James Regan Exec Producer: Tony Pastor Social: @WeHaveWaysPod Email: wehavewayspodcast@gmail.com Join our ‘Independent Company' to watch exclusive livestreams, get presale events, and our weekly newsletter - packed with discounts. Membership Club: patreon.com/wehaveways Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Last time we spoke about the battle of Malacca strait. In the intense Battle of the Malacca Strait, Japanese forces undertook a desperate evacuation amidst relentless attacks by the Allies. After suffering heavy casualties from previous confrontations, the Japanese regrouped and attempted to maintain their defensive positions. However, under the pressure of determined Allied assaults and strategic maneuvers, they faced increasingly fierce resistance. As the Allies advanced, they successfully overwhelmed Japanese defenses, leading to significant losses for the opposing forces. The battle transformed into a pivotal moment in the Pacific War as Japanese resistance crumbled, ultimately shifting the tide toward Allied victory. This clash not only showcased the harsh realities of war but also underscored the relentless determination of both sides as they fought for dominance in the region, marking a crucial step towards the conclusion of the conflict. This episode is the Breakthrough on Okinawa Welcome to the Pacific War Podcast Week by Week, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about world war two? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on world war two and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel you can find a few videos all the way from the Opium Wars of the 1800's until the end of the Pacific War in 1945.  As of mid-May, General Buckner's forces had made steady, albeit slow, progress against the determined Japanese defenders on the Shuri defensive line. On May 16, the offensive continued. Colonel Schneider's 22nd Marines and Colonel Whaling's 29th Marines launched yet another unsuccessful assault on Sugar Loaf Hill, while Colonel Snedeker's 7th Marines exhausted their strength in a failed attempt to seize Wana Ridge. To the east, Colonel Coolidge's 305th Regiment advanced 200 yards closer to Shuri. Colonel Hamilton's 307th Regiment nearly captured Flattop and Chocolate Drop Hill but was ultimately pushed back. Colonel Dill's 382nd Regiment successfully cleared Dick Hill but came under intense fire from Oboe Hill. Meanwhile, Colonel May's 383rd Regiment made only minor gains on the southeastern slopes of Conical Hill and Love Hill, even as tanks broke through toward Yonabaru for the first time. The following day, the 383rd Regiment maintained pressure on Conical and Love Hills, prompting General Bradley to commit part of Colonel Halloran's 381st Regiment to the attack. To the west, the 382nd Regiment staged a hard-fought advance of 200 yards but was unable to capture Oboe Hill.  Slowly the 77th Division forces between Flattop and Route 5 were reducing enemy positions bearing on the area in front of the 307th Infantry. By 17 May this progress began to show in the advances of the foot troops around Chocolate Drop. Covered by company heavy weapons out on both flanks, infantrymen worked around both sides of the hill to the huge caves on the reverse slope. Inside were 4 antitank guns, 1 field piece, 4 machine guns, 4 heavy mortars, and a American 60-mm. mortars. By nightfall the caves had been partially sealed off. During the night an enemy force launched a counterattack against the American positions around the hill but was repulsed with the loss of twenty-five Japanese killed. On the 17th another bitter struggle raged on Flattop. The struggle swayed back and forth across the narrow crest of the hill. Company K, the assaulting unit, had been reduced to fourteen infantrymen by the end of the day; finally it was forced back off the top. Tanks tried to go through the road cut between Flattop and Dick Hill, but two of them were disabled by mines, leaving the cut blocked. The road cut was later blown along its entire length by seven tons of bangalore torpedoes to remove the mines. Company E continued to push toward Ishimmi Ridge, where they faced a series of heavy Japanese counterattacks. Coolidge's 3rd Battalion and the rest of Hamilton's 2nd Battalion dug in just a few hundred yards north of Shuri and Ishimmi in the highway valley. Meanwhile, Coolidge's 1st Battalion was halted by heavy fire from 110 Meter Hill and the extensive fortress houses in Shuri's suburbs. The intense fighting had nearly depleted the 22nd Regiment, prompting General Amamiya to direct the 32nd Regiment to take over the defense of Shuri along a line extending from Ishimmi to Oboe. Meanwhile, on Wana, the 7th Marines launched a renewed attack but were once again repelled. However, the 5th Marines succeeded in advancing to Hill 55. Further west, the bulk of the 29th Marines attacked toward Half Moon Hill, successfully reaching its forward slopes but later having to withdraw to more defensive positions overnight. Whaling's 2nd Battalion also mounted relentless assaults on Sugar Loaf, each time suffering heavy losses in repelled attacks. As dusk fell, Japanese planes targeted American shipping, successfully damaging the destroyer Douglas H. Fox. On May 18, tanks played a crucial role in a successful assault on Sugar Loaf, executing a double envelopment while securing the top of the hill. The 2nd Battalion then advanced to Horseshoe Hill, while the remainder of the 29th Marines managed to secure the forward slopes of Half Moon.After a night of sporadic bombardment from enemy artillery and mortars, 3/7 again attempted to gain a foothold on Wana Ridge. During the morning supporting weapons concentrated their fire on the forward slopes and crest of the objective and at noon Company I, followed by a platoon of Company L, jumped off and fought its way to the ridge. The assault troops' gains "were measured in yards won, lost, and then won again." Finally, mounting casualties inflicted by enemy grenade and mortar fire forced Lieutenant Colonel Hurst to pull back his forward elements and consolidate his lines on positions held the previous night. On the right flank of the division front the isolated platoon from Company E of 2/5 was unsuccessful in exploiting its hold on the western slopes of Hill 55. The men were driven to cover by intense enemy fire, and tanks again had to be called upon to supply ammunition and rations to the outpost. During the morning operations the 5th Marines laid protective fire with tanks and assault guns along Wana Ridge to support 3/7's advance. At noon, under cover of this fire, Company F sent one rifle platoon and an attached platoon of engineers into Wana village to use flame throwers and demolitions against the enemy firing positions in the ruins. Numbers of grenade dischargers, machine guns, and rifles were found in Wana and the tombs behind it and destroyed. Further advance into the draw was not feasible until the 7th Marines could occupy the high ground on the eastern end of the ridge and furnish direct supporting fire to troops advancing in the draw below. At 1700 the troops were ordered to return to their lines for the night. n the center, General Bruce pressed his attack deeper into the Shuri defenses, with Coolidge's 3rd Battalion gaining 150 yards along the Ginowan-Shuri highway and Hamilton's 2nd Battalion advancing up to 300 yards toward Ishimmi, although attacks against 110 Meter Hill and Flattop failed to gain ground. On the morning of 18 May, orders were given to stay at all costs. Lieutenant Bell said firmly, "We stay." The men resigned themselves to a last-ditch stand. Their grenades exhausted and their machine guns and mortars destroyed, the remaining men salvaged every clip of ammunition from the bandoleers of the dead. Spare workable rifles were loaded and bayonets laid alongside. Enemy pressure increased steadily during the day. Some Americans were shot at close range as they darted from hole to hole to escape grenades. At one time eight knee mortars were pounding the ridge, firing in pairs. Friendly artillery could to some extent keep off the charging Japanese but seemed unable to ferret out the enemy mortars, which were well protected. The moans of wounded men, many of whom were in pitiful condition from lack of water and of medical aid, added to the strain. All canteens had been emptied the previous night. Nevertheless, battle discipline remained excellent. The worst problem concerned the replacements, who were courageous but inexperienced. Thrust suddenly into a desperate situation, some of them failed at crucial moments. One man saw two Japanese attacking a sergeant thirty feet away, but his finger froze on the trigger. Another shouted wildly for a comrade to shoot some Japanese while his own rifle lay in his hands. Another saw an enemy soldier a few yards from his hole, pulled the trigger, and discovered that he had forgotten to reload. By the end of the ordeal, however, the replacements who survived were battle-hardened veterans. During the afternoon the 307th attempted to reinforce the small group. Elements of Company C tried to cross the open ground north of Ishimmi Ridge. Only the commander and five men reached Company E. The men scrambled safely into foxholes, but the commander, shot through the head while racing toward the command post, fell dead on the parapet of the command post foxhole. Spirits rose considerably when word came later in the afternoon that a litter-bearing unit of eighty men would try to get through in the evening. Enemy fire slackened after dark, and the first of the litter bearers arrived at about 2200. They immediately started back carrying casualties. Walking wounded accompanied them. The litter bearers moved swiftly and managed to avoid being seen in the light of flares. Through splendid discipline and good luck eighteen men were carried out in two and a half hours, and others walked out. The litter teams had brought some water and ammunition and the troops drank for the first time since the day before. The second sleepless night on the ridge passed. The 382nd Regiment continued to face heavy resistance from Oboe Hill but managed to secure the road cut between Flattop and Dick Hill. Meanwhile, Halloran's 3rd Battalion could only push about 400 yards south due to the relentless mortar and small-arms fire coming from Hogback Ridge. At sea, a low-flying kamikaze aircraft struck LST-808 off Iejima, resulting in the deaths of 17 men. The following day, while the 382nd and 383rd Regiments focused on neutralizing the cave positions and gun emplacements in the uneven terrain between Conical and Dick Hills, Halloran's 3rd Battalion launched an attack to the south and west toward Sugar Hill but made little progress due to the heavy defensive fire. In the center, the 307th Regiment systematically worked to eliminate enemy firing positions on the high ground in front of them, employing every available weapon for the task. Colonel Smith's rehabilitated 306th Regiment began moving up to replace the battered 305th, with its 3rd Battalion relieving Coolidge's 3rd Battalion and portions of Hamilton's 2nd Battalion along the low ground bordering the highway to Shuri, including the isolated men at Ishimmi Ridge.  On 19 May the enemy seemed to intensify his efforts to recapture Ishimmi Ridge. The besieged troops wondered whether his supply of men and ammunition was inexhaustible. The Japanese launched several attacks which were repulsed with great difficulty. Only the support of artillery and mortars, together with self-propelled mounts firing with precision on both flanks of Ishimmi Ridge, prevented the enemy from making an attack in strength which would have overrun the American positions. One enemy attack of platoon strength was dispersed by mortar and machine-gun fire and by a four-battalion time-on-target artillery concentration. Japanese mortar fire continued to fall on Ishimmi, however, and took its toll during the day. A message arrived during the morning that Company E would be relieved that evening. By noon the radio had become so weak that further communication with the company was impossible. The day wore slowly on. By 2100 there was still no sign of the relief. Shortly afterward, however, rifle fire intensified to the rear, a sign of activity there. At 2200 Company L, 3d Battalion, 306th Infantry, arrived. The relief was carried out in pitch darkness; each member of Company E left as soon as a replacement reached his position. As the haggard survivors were about to descend the ridge at 0300, a bursting shell hit two of the newcomers; one of them had to be evacuated on a poncho. Carrying its own wounded, Company E followed a white tape to the rear and arrived safely. Of the 204 officers and men of the reinforced company that had made the night attack on Ishimmi, 156 had been killed or wounded. There were 28 privates, 1 noncommissioned officer, and 2 officers left of the original 129 members of Company E. The platoon sent in relief by Company C had gone out with 58 effectives and returned with 13. Of the 17 men in the heavy weapons section only 4 came back. Company E had spearheaded a several-hundred-yard advance toward Shuri, however, and with the help of supporting weapons had killed hundreds of Japanese around Ishimmi. The 7th Marines launched one last unsuccessful assault on Wana Ridge before being relieved by Colonel Mason's rested 1st Marines. Meanwhile, after repelling a strong night counterattack, the exhausted 29th Marines were also relieved by Colonel Shapley's reserve 4th Marines, which made additional advances alongside the 22nd Marines, now under Colonel Harold Roberts. Four new regiments had been committed over the past few days to revitalize the offensive. On May 20, Shapley's assault battalions gained more ground on Horseshoe Hill but were still unable to reach the crest of Half Moon, though they successfully repelled another strong night counterattack. To the east, Mason's 2nd Battalion advanced rapidly to the base of 110 Meter Hill and captured part of Wana Ridge, while his 3rd Battalion secured a firm hold on the northern slope. Concurrently, the 5th Marines attacked southwest along the Naha-Shuri Road and successfully captured the high ground. Meanwhile, in coordination with the 1st Marines, Coolidge's 1st Battalion and Smith's 3rd Battalion made a slow, grinding advance of about 150 yards, positioning themselves within 200 yards of the outskirts of Shuri in the highway valley. At the same time, the 382nd Regiment expanded its hold on the reverse slope of Dick Hill but remained unable to penetrate Oboe Hill. The 307th Regiment consolidated and expanded its positions around Chocolate Drop, finally seizing Flattop. Reducing the tiny hill continued to be ticklish work because enemy positions to the south still overlooked the area. The fighting was still so confused that three wounded Americans lay south of Chocolate Drop for two days before relief arrived. By that time two had died and the third was so delirious that he thought he was still fighting Japanese and had to be forcibly subdued. By 20 May the caves were completely sealed off. The enemy made a final attempt to retake Chocolate Drop, attacking in company strength, but was repelled with the loss of half his force. On the same day the 3d Battalion, using tanks, flame throwers, and demolition teams, finally secured the crest of Flattop. The final American attack started with a saturation shower of grenades. A chain of men extending from the base of Flattop passed hand grenades to the troops lined up along the crest, who threw the missiles as fast as they could pull out the pins. Having seized the advantage, the infantry moved down the reverse slope blasting caves with satchel charges and flame throwers. Tanks along the road cut accounted for many of the Japanese. BY 1545 Flattop had fallen. More than 250 enemy bodies lay on the crest and reverse slope of the hill. Further east, Halloran's 3rd Battalion made a slow but steady advance down the eastern slopes of Hogback, reaching the foot of Sugar Hill despite constant grenade duels with an enemy fighting desperately to hold every inch of ground. Additionally, the 1st and 2nd Battalions of the 383rd Regiment fought their way to jump-off positions within 300 yards of Love Hill, destroying enemy strongpoints that had obstructed their advance for a week. Meanwhile, back at sea, Japanese aircraft managed to damage two destroyers and three transports. The following day, the 383rd again attacked Love Hill but was ultimately forced to withdraw from its base due to fierce defensive fire. Despite this setback, May's 2nd Battalion successfully supported the 381st Regiment in clearing Hogback and pushing to the top of Sugar Hill. To the west, the 382nd advanced quickly against moderate opposition toward Oboe Hill and Hen Hill, encountering retreating enemy units moving toward the high ground at Shuri. Concurrently, the 307th pushed 350 yards south of Flattop before being halted by enemy forces at the Three Sisters, while the 306th completed the relief of the 305th, with its 3rd Battalion advancing 200 yards unopposed to the eastern slopes of 110 Meter Hill. Meanwhile, the 1st Marines continued their assault along Wana Ridge, making only limited gains at the Draw, where the 5th Marines held out and aggressively patrolled forward. The 4th Marines began their push toward the Asato River, achieving a costly advance of about 200 yards on Horseshoe. By nightfall, heavy rains began to fall, significantly impeding efforts to resupply assault troops and replenish forward ammunition dumps. Amidst this torrential downpour on May 22, Shapley's 1st and 3rd Battalions slogged through the "gooey slick mud" to reach the bank of the rain-swollen river. This prompted the Japanese to evacuate Naha and establish new defensive positions on the Kokuba Hills. To the east, the continuous rain flooded Wana Draw with mud and water, transforming it into a makeshift lake. For the next few days, General Del Valle's Marines were forced to attack without support, leading to aggressive patrolling rather than organized assaults. The prospects of success for the infantry alone, slogging through the mud without the support of other arms, were not encouraging. Tanks bogged down, helplessly mired. Amphibian tractors were unable to negotiate the morass, and front-line units, which had depended on these vehicles for carrying supplies forward in bad weather, now had to resort to hand carrying of supplies and of the wounded. These were back breaking tasks and were performed over areas swept by enemy fire. Mortar and artillery smoke was used as far as possible to give concealment for all movement. Litter cases were carried back through knee-deep mud. Living conditions of front-line troops were indescribably bad. Foxholes dug into the clay slopes caved in from the constant soaking, and, even when the sides held, the holes had to be bailed out repeatedly. Clothes and equipment and the men's bodies were wet for days. The bodies of Japanese killed at night lay outside the foxholes, decomposing under swarms of flies. Sanitation measures broke down. The troops were often hungry. Sleep was almost impossible. The strain began to take a mounting toll of men. Under these conditions the Marine attack against Wana Ridge was soon at a standstill. The action degenerated into what was called in official reports "aggressive patrolling." Despite inactivity, enemy mortar and artillery fire continued to play against the American front lines, especially at dusk and at night. In the center, Bruce's 77th Division faced similar challenges, with the 306th Regiment stalled and the 307th Regiment again unsuccessfully attacking the Three Sisters. There, Company A became isolated at the base of the forward slope of Jane Hill, nearly cut off by intense enemy mortar and machine-gun fire. For the following week, the 382nd Regiment struggled to make headway on Hen and Oboe Hills, where fierce hand-to-hand combat erupted. Similarly, all attempts by the 383rd Regiment to breach the defenses of Love Hill on the western side of Conical failed, as the 381st was also unable to make any progress against Cutaway. General Hodge had also moved General Arnold's rehabilitated 7th Division to assembly areas just north of Conical Hill to spearhead the advance toward Yonabaru and the high ground south of the village. Strengthened by 1,691 replacements and 546 men returned to duty from hospitals since it left the lines on 9 May, the 7th Division moved up to forward assembly areas just north of Conical Hill and prepared to make the dash through the corridor. At 1900 on 21 May the 184th Infantry, chosen by General Arnold to lead the way, was in place at Gaja Ridge, at the northern base of Conical. The initial move of the envelopment was to be made in the dead of the night and in stealth. General Buckner felt that "if the 7th can swing round, running the gauntlet, it may be the kill." As part of this operation, the 2nd Battalion of the 184th Regiment moved out from Gaja Ridge during the night, swiftly and silently passing through Yonabaru in the early morning hours to capture Spruce Hill and Chestnut Hill in a surprise attack. Colonel Green's 3rd Battalion then followed the 2nd Battalion through Yonabaru, but their assault on Juniper and Bamboo Hills was unsuccessful as the surprised defenders regrouped. The following day, Green's two battalions continued to push toward these initial objectives, ultimately securing a solid line that stretched from the coastline across the southern slopes of Chestnut, and then over to Juniper and Bamboo by day's end. This success allowed Colonel Finn's 32nd Regiment to pass through Yonabaru and advance westward along the Naha-Yonabaru valley to assault the enemy's western hill defenses focused around Oak Hill.On the west coast, after a successful night reconnaissance of the Asato River, the 4th Marines rapidly crossed the river under cover of smoke, beginning their advance toward a low ridge 500 yards south of the Asato. However, as previously noted, the torrential rain had turned every draw and gully into a sticky morass of knee- and thigh-deep mud in the center. The steep slopes of the hills and ridges, treacherous under the best of conditions, became virtually unassailable. Consequently, full-scale coordinated attacks had to be canceled, and only localized gains could be achieved. Despite the breakthrough in the center, the Japanese command remained concerned about the threat posed to the flanks of the Shuri bastion by American advances along both coasts. While they believed the Naha breakthrough could be contained, every available soldier was deployed to establish a defensive line stretching from the southwest slopes of Conical Hill through Yonawa to the road junction village of Chan, aiming to eliminate Arnold's spearhead that had penetrated into the Naha-Yonabaru valley. General Ushijima feared that his forces were being gradually encircled in the Shuri fortress, where they would become “easy prey” to overwhelming American firepower. In light of this situation, Ushijima began planning a withdrawal to the Chinen Peninsula or the southernmost part of the island, the Kiyamu Peninsula. This decision was met with resistance from General Fujioka, who expressed concern that thousands of severely wounded men would have to be abandoned during the retreat.  Although the holding of the heights surrounding the city had been the keystone of the Japanese preferred plan, several factors now militated against its retention. There were an estimated 50000 surviving officers and men to be crammed into a final defense zone less than a mile in diameter. Once these troops were surrounded, the Japanese believed that they would be rendered ineffectual and become "easy prey" to overwhelming American fire superiority. In addition, Japanese long-range artillery pieces, many of which were still intact, could not be effectively utilized within the limited space that would be available. The best chance of prolonging the battle for Okinawa seemed to rest in defending the Kiyamu Peninsula region which was dominated by the Yaeju Dake-Yuza Dake Escarpment. Natural and artificial caves, sufficient to accommodate the whole of the surviving army, abounded in the area. The 24th Division, which had organized the terrain, had left a considerable amount of ammunition and weapons there when it moved north to the Shuri lines. The principal roads in southern Okinawa led directly to the proposed position, thus facilitating the movement of large bodies of men in the shortest possible time. These roads also gave American tanks an excellent route of advance, but only to the outposts of the defensive zone where cliffs, hills, and precipitous ridges barred the way. To add weight to his argument, General Amamiya indicated that his 24th Transport Regiment had preserved enough trucks to move the Shuri munitions reserve to the new position within five nights if weather conditions permitted. General Ushijima, after considering the respective positions of his staff and commanders, decided to order the move to Kiyamu.  Although General Suzuki preferred the Chinen Peninsula, which his brigade had fortified, most officials supported a move to the Kiyamu Peninsula, where Amamiya's 24th Division had previously established defenses in the natural and artificial caves of the Yaeju Dake-Yuza Dake Escarpment. Thus, transportation of wounded personnel and munitions reserves to the south commenced at midnight on May 23, with the bulk of the 32nd Army scheduled to begin their withdrawal six days later.  On the night of 25 May, the remnants of the 62d Division were to pull out of the Shuri line and move through Tsukasan to counterattack the Americans. The relatively strong 22d Independent Infantry Battalion, which had been in reserve throughout most of the fighting in April and May, was directed to hold the Shuri front in place of the division. The orders to General Fujioka were "to annihilate the enemy rushing from the Yonabaru area." Failing this, the division was at least to stop the American advance long enough to allow the main body of the Thirty-second Army to retire. In order to gain time to organize the new positions, the holding force left on the Shuri front was to fight on until 31 May. Withdrawing units were to leave behind strong rearguards which would defend a line along the Kokuba Gawa to the hills north of Tsukasan and Chan and then south through Karadera to the east coast until the night of 2 June. Then a second line centered on Tomusu, approximately 2,000 yards farther south, would be held until the night of 4 June. By that time the Thirty-second Army would be firmly set up within its Itoman-Yunagusuku-Gushichan outpost zone. Admiral Ota's naval force was directed to hold the west flank of the withdrawal corridor and begin its own retreat when ordered by 32nd Army. During the night, Admiral Ugaki initiated his seventh mass Kikisui attack, launching 165 kamikaze aircraft that inflicted only light damage on landing craft. On May 24, while engineers constructed a bridge over the Asato River to facilitate vehicle movement, the 4th Marines suffered heavy casualties as they attempted to advance through the muddy, flooded valley and low clay hills. Simultaneously, Shepherd's Reconnaissance Company crossed the lower Asato and roamed the streets of northwestern Naha without encountering any resistance. To the east, Dill's 1st Battalion faced a brutal counterattack that inflicted significant casualties and nearly drove the Americans from Oboe Hill. Following Ushijima's directives, the 32nd and 184th Regiments began to encounter increasing resistance as they sought to expand their control over the valley and the high ground to the south. This culminated in a series of aggressive nighttime counterattacks that ultimately slowed and halted the western advance of the 7th Division. During the night, Japanese forces conducted heavy raids on American airfields at Kadena, Yontan, and Iejima. However, these attacks were merely a diversion for Operation Gi-Gou, a suicide raid against Kadena and Yontan. In this operation, twelve Ki-21 heavy bombers, carrying Giretsu Kuteitai special airborne assault troops, aimed to crash land on the airfields to deploy commandos tasked with destroying aircraft stationed there.  After the start of B-29 attacks on Tokyo from bases in the Mariana Islands, the 1st Raiding Brigade of the Teishin Shudan was ordered to form a commando unit for a "special operations" mission to attack and destroy the bombers on the Aslito Airfield on Saipan. Captain Okuyama Michiro, commander of the brigade's engineering company and trained in sabotage and demolition was selected as mission leader. He selected an additional 126 men from his own team, the 4th Company of the 1st Raiding Regiment, to form the first Giretsu Airborne Unit. It was initially organized with a command section and five platoons and one independent squad, based at the Imperial Japanese Army's air academy at Saitama. The group unit also included eight intelligence officers and two radio men from the Nakano School. Giretsu operations were to be undertaken at night, beginning with air strikes by bombers. After this, commando units would be inserted onto the target airfield by crash landing their transports. The fact that there was no provision for extraction of the strike force, along with the rejection of surrender in Japanese military doctrine at the time, meant that the Giretsu ground operations were effectively suicide attacks. Though the Saipan attack was eventually cancelled, the 6th Air Army ultimately requested the deployment of the Giretsu Special Forces to neutralize the Okinawa airfields. The 6th Air Army accordingly began preparations for the attack in early May. Led by Captain Okuyama, the raid force moved from Nishitsukuba to Kumamoto as it continued to prepare for the assault, codenamed Operation Gi-Gou. Aircraft for the raid came from the 3rd Independent Air Unit based in the vicinity of Hamamatsu. The raid force consisted of 120 commandos broken up into a headquarters section and five flights, each containing twenty men. They were to be transported by twelve Mitsubishi Ki-21s stripped of their guns and with additional forward and rear exits added to assist raiders with exiting. The timing of the raid was also meant to coincide with the withdrawal of the 32nd Army from the Shuri Line in southern Okinawa. Of the twelve bombers dispatched, four encountered engine trouble and returned to base, while three were intercepted by American night fighters en route to Okinawa. The remaining five Ki-21 bombers approached Yontan Airfield at low altitude and engaged Marine anti-aircraft gunners from the 1st Provisional Anti-aircraft Artillery Group. As a result, four of the bombers were shot down or crash-landed; however, a small number of Giretsu commandos survived this wave and commenced their mission to attack aircraft on the airfield. The fifth bomber, however, successfully evaded anti-aircraft fire and belly-landed approximately 100 meters from the control tower. About 10 commandos disembarked and attacked aircraft and air personnel with grenades. In the ensuing chaos, the Japanese commandos killed two Americans, wounded 18, destroyed nine aircraft, damaged 29 more, and set a fuel dump ablaze, destroying 70,000 gallons of aviation gasoline. After twelve hours of mayhem, however, American troops hunted down the commandos and exterminated them to a man. Despite this partial success, the Japanese operation occurred against a backdrop of heavy losses, with American fighters and anti-aircraft fire claiming a total of 150 Japanese planes on May 24. During the course of three days, Ugaki committed a total of 387 Navy planes and 174 Army planes to his kamikaze attacks, which continued through May 25. These attacks successfully sank the destroyer Bates, one transport, and one landing craft, while further damaging two destroyers, one destroyer minesweeper, one minesweeper, one transport, and one Liberty ship. On the same day, Admiral Rawlings' Task Force 57 launched its final strikes in the Okinawa area before retiring late on May 25, having completed the Royal Navy's Iceberg mission. On land, while Shepherd's Reconnaissance Company occupied the deserted ruins of Naha, the 4th Marines fought to seize Machisi Ridge and continued pushing into the eastern outskirts of Naha. However, across the remainder of the 10th Army front, assault units struggled to make progress due to the havoc wreaked by the rain and the stiffened Japanese resistance. That night, in accordance with the withdrawal plan, the 62nd Division began moving its remaining 3,000 men to counter the advance of the 7th Division, hoping to delay the American advance long enough for the main body of the 32nd Army to retreat. The arrival of additional forces on the Ozato-Mura front had little significant impact, primarily serving to strengthen the covering and holding force. On May 26, the 184th Regiment successfully cleared the Hemlock-Locust Hill Escarpment. Meanwhile, the 32nd Regiment was brought nearly to a standstill in front of the Japanese defensive line across the Yonabaru valley. Looking west, Del Valle's Marines observed large numbers of enemy troops withdrawing from Shuri and were able to pinpoint their location for naval guns, artillery, and aircraft to bombard. However, despite penetrating the Shuri defensive line on both flanks, the day yielded minimal progress. At sea, further kamikaze attacks caused damage to one destroyer, one destroyer minesweeper, and a subchaser. In total, Ugaki's raids over the past three days resulted in the deaths of 103 sailors.  Believing the fast carriers' continued value off Okinawa had become dubious, back on May 18 Mitscher had requested that TF 58 be relieved from its Okinawa station. Spruance regretfully declined. A week later an increasingly weary Mitscher reported: “For two and a half months [Task Force 58] operated daily in a 60nm square area East of Okinawa, less than 350nm from Kyushu. This was necessitated by the restricted area available and the necessity for being able to cover [the] Amami Gunto airfields, intercept air raids before they could reach Okinawa, and still furnish air support to ground forces. There was no other location from which all these things could be done.” Reflecting on the months of unrelenting stress, tedium, and fatigue, TG 58.1's screen commander, Captain Tom Hederman, signaled Rear Admiral J.J. Jocko Clark: “See Hebrews 13, verse 8.” Consulting his Bible aboard Hornet, Clark read: “Jesus Christ the same yesterday, and today, and forever.” Amused, Clark forwarded the verse to his entire Task Group, adding, “No disrespect intended.” Clark then signaled Mitscher, “What the hell are we doing out here, anyway?” Mitscher's response: “We are a highspeed stationary target for the Japanese air force.” Indeed, TF 58 had already suffered over 2,000 Iceberg fatalities. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. The brutal Battle of Okinawa was reaching a critical point as General Buckner's forces pressed against fierce Japanese defenses. Struggles unfolded over Sugar Loaf Hill and Wana Ridge, with Marines suffering heavy casualties but slowly gaining ground. By late May, the dire situation prompted Japanese commanders to plan a retreat to more defensible positions as American forces closed in. Despite challenging conditions, the Allies pushed forward, marking a decisive breakthrough in the Pacific War.

In early May of 1941, in the deserts of Iraq that had seen the armies of Alexander battle Darius, a force of 9000 Arabs and Iraqis descended on the small British airfield of Habbinayah. Only 39 pilots and a small collection of antiquated and obsolete aircraft stood between British maintenance of crucial oilfields, and their loss and consequent disaster for fuel supplies to the British Army and the Royal Navy in Egypt and throughout the Mediterranean. Joining today is James Dunford Wood who describes the extraordinary story of defiance and heroism that he has described as a Second World War Rorke's Drift. James Dunford Wood Links The Big Little War: A World War II Epic The War Diaries of Colin Dunford Wood Aspects of History Links Latest Issue out - Annual Subscription to Aspects of History Magazine only $9.99/£9.99 Ollie on X Aspects of History on Instagram Get in touch: history@aspectsofhistory.com Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In this episode, Gunny and Tim are joined again by friends of the pod Hop C. and David Brookfield, along with special guest and Falklands War historian, Ricky D. Phillips. In Part One, Ricky and David set the stage with a look into the social and political climate that ultimately led to the outbreak of the Falklands War. Gunny and Tim examine the strength and strategy of the Royal Navy. Part Two shifts focus to the skies, covering how air support played a key role in the campaign and Hop offers insight into the capabilities and tactics of the Argentine Air Force. Then in Part Three, we'll break down the beginning of the battle itself — analyzing key moments. And in Part Four, we conclude the battle and discuss the lasting lessons learned on both sides. Join us for this episode of shipwrekt, where we discuss the Battle of San Carlos. Sources and Images: https://docs.google.com/document/d/17wkBfn5HV-DnpEV5E65b3Q47U6dVsUflFXtRvJirGy8/edit?tab=t.0 https://docs.google.com/document/d/1rHYUBQAmiI2i61YbUr7lD0U_YTUuGzrm9dZPs_ryiV0/edit?usp=sharing https://docs.google.com/document/d/1sTUvE1VDWBcuCLq41wrNb5FXjgCWzmx1kTz-LNn75bo/edit?usp=sharing

Nazitysklands anfall på Norge och Danmark den 9 april 1940 var resultatet av en kedja av strategiska beslut av både de allierade och Nazityskland. Tyskarna behövde hamnar i Norge för kriget på Atlanten och för att säkra de svenska malmtransporterna via Narvik, samtidigt som de Allierade ville förhindra samma export.Där Danmark kapitulerade nästan utan strid skulle norrmännen kämpa i två månader. Men det svaga norska försvaret, flera misstag kring mobiliseringen i kombination med en förvirrad hjälp från britterna och fransmännen beseglade norrmännens öde. Den tyska ockupationen i Norge skulle bli hård, medan danskarna som behöll sin regering fick det lättare fram till 1943.Detta är tredje delen av sju om andra världskriget. Programledaren Urban Lindstedt samtalar med Martin Hårdstedt, professor i historia vid Umeå universitet.Redan när kriget bröt ut den 1 september 1939 förklarade Norge och Danmark sig neutrala. Norges försvar var huvudsakligen inriktade på övervakningsuppgifter, eftersom landets geografiska läge ansågs vara en garanti mot storskaliga invasionsförsök. Och man förlitade sig på att brittiska Royal Navy skulle sätta stopp för en invasion.De allierade ville stoppa den svenska malmexporten till Tyskland via Narvik i Norge och de planerade att besätta de svenska malmfälten med ursäkten att kunna skicka hjälp till Finland. Tyskarna var snarare ute efter hamnar i Norge för kriget på Atlanten än att säkra malmimporten från Sverige.Den 9 april 1940 inledde Hitler Operation Weserübung, som innebar en fullskalig invasion av Danmark och Norge. Norska styrkor svarade med modigt motstånd, men trots deras ansträngningar lyckades de tyska styrkorna ta kontroll över huvudstäderna i både Danmark och Norge inom loppet av en dag. Den tyska kryssaren Blücher sänktes av den norska kustförsvar vid Oscarsborg i inloppet till Oslo, vilket fördröjde fångandet av huvudstaden och tillät kungafamiljen, regeringen och Stortinget att fly norrut med extratåg.I början av 1940 fick de norska myndigheterna flera varningar om att något var på gång. Mötet mellan Hitler och Vidkun Quisling, ledaren för det norska nazistpartiet Nasjonal Samling, i december 1939 stärkte Hitlers övertygelse om att Norge saknade viljan och förmågan att motsätta sig brittiska överträdelser av neutraliteten.Vid samma tidpunkt beslutade de allierade att genomföra en plan utarbetad av Winston Churchill för att minera norska vatten inom tre-milsgränsen. Den 8 april 1940 inleddes minläggningen (i Vestfjorden nära Narvik), och den 9 april kom det tyska angreppet.Ett nattligt ultimatum till den norska regeringen om att samarbeta med de tyska styrkorna avvisades. Under loppet av 9 april lyckades tyskarna erövra de viktigaste hamnstäderna, inklusive Oslo, Bergen, Trondheim och Narvik. Dock försenade sänkningen av den tyska kryssaren Blücher av den norska kustförsvar vid Oscarsborg i inloppet till Oslo erövringen av huvudstaden och tillät kungafamiljen, regeringen och Stortinget att avgå med extratåg till norr.Bild: Tyska Wehrmacht i Norge den 9 april 1940. Tyska trupper i bitter strid mot norska trupper i en by, 40 km väster om Lillehammer. 4556-40 PK.: Borchert Federal Archives, Bild 183-H26353 / Borchert, Erich (Eric) / CC-BY-SA 3.Musik: "Ja, vi elsker dette landet av Rikard NordraakLyricist och Bjørnstjerne BjørnsonUnited States Navy Band, See page for author, Public domain, via Wikimedia CommonsLyssna också på Vidkun Quisling – förrädaren som blev ett begrepp. Vill du stödja podden och samtidigt höra ännu mer av Historia Nu? Gå med i vårt gille genom att klicka här: https://plus.acast.com/s/historianu-med-urban-lindstedt. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

This episode continues our series on the Cinque Ports, an ancient confederation of maritime towns in southeast England that from the early Middle Ages provided ships and men to the crown in return for special powers and privileges. They have since become rightly dubbed as the cradle of the Royal Navy. Our first episode explored the Cinque Ports' rich history and now we're on the road, visiting these magnificent sites of maritime history to bring you their individual stories. It's a world of castles, churches, creeks, cobbled lanes, docks and harbours.This episode takes us to Faversham, nestled up the swale estuary in east Kent. Faversham was associated with the Cinque Ports from that group's earliest days – we know that the town's Barons were granted all the liberties of the ports as early as 1302. Today it is a fabulous place to enjoy maritime heritage: you can see the preservation of maritime skills and trades in creek-side sites and celebrate the restoration of historic ships & boats. All around are constant reminders that Faversham was a proud independent town and yet intimately linked with the Crown. To find out more Dr Sam Willis met up with past mayor, Trevor Martin, and Councillor Josh Rowlands, both brimming with stories of their town. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In this episode, Gunny and Tim are joined again by friends of the pod Hop C. and David Brookfield, along with special guest and Falklands War historian, Ricky D. Phillips. In Part One, Ricky and David set the stage with a look into the social and political climate that ultimately led to the outbreak of the Falklands War. Gunny and Tim examine the strength and strategy of the Royal Navy. Part Two shifts focus to the skies, covering how air support played a key role in the campaign and Hop offers insight into the capabilities and tactics of the Argentine Air Force. Then in Part Three, we'll break down the beginning of the battle itself — analyzing key moments. And in Part Four, we conclude the battle and discuss the lasting lessons learned on both sides. Join us for this episode of shipwrekt, where we discuss the Battle of San Carlos. Sources and Images: https://docs.google.com/document/d/17wkBfn5HV-DnpEV5E65b3Q47U6dVsUflFXtRvJirGy8/edit?tab=t.0 https://docs.google.com/document/d/1rHYUBQAmiI2i61YbUr7lD0U_YTUuGzrm9dZPs_ryiV0/edit?usp=sharing

Will there be a Ukraine peace deal this year? What's it like to be a reporter in China? Is Labour too wishy-washy on defence? And which conflicts should we be paying more attention to?Venetia Rainey is joined by defence editor Danielle Sheridan, senior foreign correspondent Sophia Yan and Ukraine: The Latest host Adelie Pojzman-Pontay to discuss the biggest stories of the year so far. Plus, they reflect on what it's like to be a foreign correspondent and the unique advantages and challenges of being a woman reporting on war and defence, including why can't pregnant women go on Royal Navy ships.https://www.justgiving.com/page/rhcc-vs-lwcc?utm_medium=FR&utm_source=WA&utm_campaign=015https://linktr.ee/BattleLinesContact us with feedback or ideas:battlelines@telegraph.co.uk @venetiarainey@RolandOliphant Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Our guest is John Foreman, naval officer and former UK Defence Attaché in Moscow and Kyiv. He provides amazing insights into what it was like dealing with the regime of Vladimir Putin as Russia invaded Ukraine and reflects on other dealings with the Russians, at sea and ashore. Topics discussed include the halcyon days of the old Cold War ending at sea between the Royal Navy and Russian Navy - amid a fair bit of amity - when the anti-submarine and intelligence-gathering frigate HMS London sailed to Murmansk and Archangel on a defence diplomacy mission. John shares his memories of that summer 1991 voyage, in the wake of the farcical ‘hardliners coup' in Moscow, with several memorable aspects discussed. Podcast host Iain Ballantyne asks John to outline his subsequent exploits as Defence Attaché in Kyiv (2008-2011) and in Moscow (2019-2022). In addition to explaining how he came to be honoured by Ukraine and banned by Russia, John relates what it was like as the relations between the UK and Vladimir Putin's gangster state with nukes deteriorated. Events for which John provides a Moscow embassy insider's perspective include: the HMS Defender ‘Black Sea incident' of 2021; the run in to Russia launching its full-scale invasion of Ukraine; what it was like to under constant surveillance - including harassment - from Russia's security services as Putin's military tried to conquer Ukraine. In looking at relations between the UK and Russia as the new period of confrontation beds in, John suggests that - despite the hostility - efforts must be made to stay engaged diplomatically. He also explains how the Royal Navy is a key tool in keeping pressure on Russia, by refusing to cede ownership of international waters  and deterring it from further aggression. The next (June) edition of Warships IFR is published on 16.5.25 in the UK and is also deployed globally. Visit the magazine web site http://bit.ly/wifrmag Also, follow us on X @WarshipsIFR Facebook @WarshipsFR and Warships IFR TV on YouTube @warshipsifrtv3668 For more on various editions of the magazine https://bit.ly/wifri •John Foreman CBE is a naval officer who commanded two warships and a former UK Defence Attaché in Moscow and Kyiv. He has also worked in Washington D.C., NATO and in the EU. He is an Associate Fellow of Chatham House and acts as a senior advisor to various UK defence consultancies. John bills himself on X as ‘banned by Russia and decorated by Ukraine.' Follow him on X @John_ForemanCBE •Iain Ballantyne is the founding and current Editor of Warships IFR (first published in 1998) along with its ‘Guide to the Royal Navy' (since 2003) and ‘Guide to the US Navy' (since 2018). Iain is also author of the books ‘Hunter Killers' (Orion) and ‘The Deadly Trade' (Weidenfeld & Nicolson), both about submarine warfare, plus ‘Arnhem: Ten Days in The Cauldron' (published by Canelo). In 2017 Iain was awarded a Fellowship by the British Maritime Foundation, which promotes awareness of the United Kingdom's dependence on the sea and seafarers. Visit his web site Bismarckbattle.com and follow him on X @IBallantyn

Because coal is bulky, tricky, dusty and unsightly stuff, storing it between its arrival in Hong Kong and it getting used was always a problem. That's because as demand rose, so the amount of coal needed to be kept on hand increased accordingly: from around 3,000 tonnes in 1844 to more like 10,000 tons twenty years later and, forty years after that, 100,000 tons. That's a lot of real estate. Ad hoc solutions ruled the roost over the first twenty or so years – including that of the P&O Company that stored its coal afloat in a hulk (ship without masts or sailed), the ex-East Indiaman, the Fort William from the late 1840s until the late 1870s. Interestingly, that doesn't seem to have been the most usual solution. The Fort William is the only coal hulk ever mentioned. Most coal was stored on land, which provoked an expected NIMBY reaction. Efforts were always being made to get it out of sight…well, out of the gweilos' sight. The happy solution turned up in 1860 after the 2nd Opium War. The Kowloon Peninsula was empty of upmarket gweilos and out of their sight. Perfect. For the next eighty years it became the site of most of the largest coalyards both for commercial use and for the Royal Navy. Hong Kong Island didn't escape entirely, but the coalyards got shoved out to the edge, first in Wan Chai and then in the North Point/Taikoo area. After WW2 demand for coal for fuel disappeared in favour of oil, so coalyards dwindled to two large government owned and operated yards at Lai Chi Kok and the Taikoo end of North Point. That's until the 1970s oil shock, when suddenly Hong Kong's electricity generating stations decided coal was cheaper. That's how come in the last 50 years (c.1975-2025) Hong Kong has imported SEVEN TIMES more coal than it imported in its first century during the heyday of the steam ship. Happily for us all, the two power companies store what is at any one time about 250,000 tons of the stuff way out of sight on the west coast of Lamma Island and at Castle Peak beyond Tuen Mun.

This Day in Legal History: Mutiny on the BountyOn April 28, 1789, one of the most famous acts of rebellion at sea occurred aboard the HMS Bounty. Captain William Bligh and 18 loyal crew members were forcibly set adrift in the Pacific Ocean by mutineers led by Fletcher Christian. The incident exposed deep tensions over leadership, working conditions, and authority in the Royal Navy. British law at the time treated mutiny as a capital offense, reflecting the critical importance of discipline aboard ships. After the mutiny, an intense search for the culprits began, with some mutineers eventually captured and returned to England to stand trial.The ensuing court-martial proceedings offered early insight into naval justice and the balancing act between maintaining strict command and recognizing crew grievances. Defendants argued that Bligh's harsh leadership provoked the uprising, but the Admiralty was unwavering in its stance against insubordination. Of those captured, three were found guilty and hanged, while others were acquitted or pardoned. The legal handling of the mutiny reinforced the severe consequences for undermining maritime authority. It also prompted discussions about humane treatment of sailors, subtly influencing later reforms in naval discipline.The Mutiny on the Bounty became a lasting symbol in both legal and cultural history, illustrating how law functions as both a tool of control and a response to the realities of human endurance and dissent at sea.Seven Democratic senators on the U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee have requested information from the Justice Department regarding recent changes within its civil rights division under President Donald Trump's administration. In a letter sent Friday, they expressed concern over the reassignment of several career officials, suggesting these moves could be an attempt to pressure staff into leaving and shift the division's enforcement priorities. Since Trump's return to office and the appointment of Pam Bondi as Attorney General, the department has paused investigations into police misconduct, launched a gun rights investigation in Los Angeles, and altered its approach to transgender rights cases. It has also opened investigations into antisemitism related to pro-Palestinian protests at colleges. The senators emphasized the importance of nonpartisan career staff in maintaining the integrity of civil rights enforcement. About a dozen senior attorneys specializing in voting, police, and disability rights were among those reassigned. The Justice Department has not yet commented on the senators' letter.Democratic senators question US Justice Department on civil rights changes | ReutersThe U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration announced that federal law enforcement agencies raided a nightclub in Colorado Springs, arresting over 100 individuals who were in the U.S. illegally. The operation resulted in 114 arrests out of more than 200 people present at the venue, making it one of the largest immigration-related raids since President Donald Trump's second term began. Attorney General Pam Bondi stated that the raid also led to the seizure of cocaine, methamphetamine, and "pink cocaine," and two individuals were arrested on outstanding warrants. Bondi mentioned links to gangs like Tren de Aragua and MS-13, although she did not directly confirm whether those arrested were affiliated with them. The DEA noted that occupants were given multiple warnings before the raid was executed. This action is part of an intensifying crackdown on illegal immigration under Trump's renewed immigration policies. Separately, ICE recently reported nearly 800 immigration-related arrests in Florida during a multi-agency operation.Over 100 migrants in the US illegally arrested in Colorado nightclub | ReutersThe Supreme Court has requested additional briefing in a case challenging the Affordable Care Act's mandate that insurers cover preventive services, like cancer screenings, at no cost. The justices specifically want the parties to address whether the Secretary of Health and Human Services has the legal authority to appoint members of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, which advises on covered treatments. During arguments on April 21, Justice Neil Gorsuch questioned whether the power to remove officials necessarily implies the power to appoint them, an issue the lower court had not considered. The Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals previously ruled that the task force's structure violated the Constitution's appointments clause, arguing its members must be nominated by the president and confirmed by the Senate. The Trump administration contends the task force members are merely "inferior officers" under the HHS Secretary's control. The case also involves objections by Texas businesses and residents to mandatory coverage of HIV prevention drugs, claiming unconstitutional imposition by unelected officials. Supplemental briefs are due by May 5, and while rare, this is not the first time the Court has asked for more information after oral arguments, as seen in past cases like Zubik v. Burwell and Citizens United v. FEC.Supreme Court Orders New Briefs After Obamacare Case Argued (1) This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.minimumcomp.com/subscribe

In this episode, Gunny and Tim are joined again by friends of the pod Hop C. and David Brookfield, along with special guest and Falklands War historian, Ricky D. Phillips. In Part One, Ricky and David set the stage with a look into the social and political climate that ultimately led to the outbreak of the Falklands War. Gunny and Tim examine the strength and strategy of the Royal Navy, Part Two shifts focus to the skies, covering how air support played a key role in the campaign and Hop offers insight into the capabilities and tactics of the Argentine Air Force. Then in Part Three, we'll break down the beginning of the battle itself — analyzing key moments. And in Part Four, we conclude the battle and discuss the lasting lessons learned on both sides. Join us for this episode of ShipWrekt, where we discuss the Battle of San Carlos. Images and Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1rHYUBQAmiI2i61YbUr7lD0U_YTUuGzrm9dZPs_ryiV0/edit?usp=sharing

You can send me a text if you have a comment or questionFirst episode of a 3-episode arc on the British attacks on Copenhagen.This covers Danish history and Copenhagen history through the long 18th century.  Conflict with Sweden, intervention and peace making by Britain.  the long neutrality, Denmark as a Russian client state.  "The League of Armed Neutrality will save us!"The Palmy Days and how Denmark octupled its trade, rose to the 2nd largest merchant fleet in the world, and then sailed too close to the wind.  The Danes benefit greatly from this situation the Royal Navy has established, driving the French, Dutch and Spanish off the high seas, but they refuse to play by the Royal Navy's rules.  The whole episode is a colossal misjudgment by Czar Paul and Denmark.  Czar Paul at least has the excuse of being insane.This makes heavy use of Gareth Glover's The Two battles of Copenhagen.

In this episode, Gunny and Tim are joined again by friends of the pod Hop C. and David Brookfield, along with special guest and Falklands War historian, Ricky D. Phillips. In Part One, Ricky and David set the stage with a look into the social and political climate that ultimately led to the outbreak of the Falklands War. Gunny and Tim examine the strength and strategy of the Royal Navy, Part Two shifts focus to the skies, covering how air support played a key role in the campaign and Hop offers insight into the capabilities and tactics of the Argentine Air Force. Then in Part Three, we'll break down the beginning of the battle itself — analyzing key moments. And in Part Four, we conclude the battle and discuss the lasting lessons learned on both sides. Join us for this episode of shipwrekt, where we discuss the Battle of San Carlos. Sources and Images: https://docs.google.com/document/d/17wkBfn5HV-DnpEV5E65b3Q47U6dVsUflFXtRvJirGy8/edit?tab=t.0

This week we continue exploring the Second World War by revealing one of its most surprising, colourful and sometimes farcical stories - the two year undeclared war between Britain and Vichy France. Tim Bouverie is Phil's guest and he tales us through some of the terrific - and little known - stories in his new book Allies At War. Although London and Paris are firm allies when Nazi Germany invades France in May 1940, relationships soon fall apart and true disappears. Then, in July 1940, Winston Churchill - a lifelong francophile - takes the fateful decision to send the Royal Navy to attack the French fleet (to ensure it does not fall into Hitler's hands). 1,300 French sailors, who had been allies of the British just weeks before, die in this attack.There follows a series of military campaigns and diplomatic intrigues with the (often clashing) personalities of Charles de Gaulle and Winston Churchill at the heart of them all. You can buy Tim's book here...https://www.amazon.co.uk/Allies-War-Politics-Defeating-Hitler/dp/1847926231/ref=tmm_pap_swatch_0There's also information and extracts from Phil's new book here...https://sites.google.com/view/1945thereckoning/homeYou can pre-order the book now on Amazon UK - and it will be available all around the world as an e-book and an audio book...https://www.amazon.co.uk/1945-Reckoning-Empire-Struggle-World/dp/139971449X/ref=tmm_hrd_swatch_0?_encoding=UTF8&qid=&sr=#For anyone in Australia, you can purchase the book here...https://www.amazon.com.au/1945-Reckoning-Empire-Struggle-World/dp/1399714503/ref=tmm_pap_swatch_0?_encoding=UTF8&dib_tag=se&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.Aj6KiOnX8mB9IxbXa3MSftEn8ltcHpwdCwI_Y1Z9x_6wh1ZDhht_FEQApFtINIK18K6LpvzplQqjfqGwtGCX75E5idzD4XzxO4v5_7lTzseE1lilWhbmDGqQQNh41MCEhUEj3m2d_NqvbpQTzmbwiIy0x7yEhwDJnEK40Qp1ShuiNkayBHilBGbMJ2uS42z_EYICj2G1ukW0iEL0xwjyXCclJ4VwBeo2JkpEpY-vrgUNjbiZJ2WGQHUJe618JbwEOamp0n7LAcY0-C9Jd2K2kMVhcn0qj38FrKQ9kyxmsqk.KcgY2jzaJzHaHZX53DPc4FD3ClSuNzEEmTH0X6-HiG0&qid=1744266867&sr=8-1***We now have a Thank You button (next to the 'three dots') for small donations that help support our work***Looking for the perfect gift for a special scandalous someone - or someone you'd like to get scandalous with? We're here to help...https://www.etsy.com/uk/shop/ScandalMongersThe Scandal Mongers...https://x.com/mongerspodcastPhil Craig...https://x.com/philmcraigTHE SCANDAL MONGERS PODCAST is also available to watch on YouTube...https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCpiDbLiwypTLqMaKnNfxcTAYou can get in touch with the show via...team@podcastworld.org(place 'Scandal Mongers' in the heading) Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Welcome to the Hangar Z Podcast, brought to you by Vertical HeliCASTS and in partnership with Vertical Valor Magazine.Listen closely for your chance to win awesome prizes from Heli Life! Throughout 2025, every episode of The Hangar Z Podcast will reveal a secret word. Once you catch it, head to contests.verticalhelicasts.com to enter!This episode was recorded at European Rotors in Amsterdam in November 2024. In this episode I was able to sit down with Jon Duke. Jon is a contributing writer for Vertical Magazine and has an extensive background in aviation, including his flying career in the United Kingdom's military. Jon was an air traffic controller in the Royal Air Force and a helicopter pilot in the Royal Navy. During the conversation, Jon shares his remarkable journey from a young aviation enthusiast to air traffic controller and, ultimately, a helicopter pilot. We'll explore the unique challenges faced during search-and-rescue missions, and the invaluable lessons learned throughout his career. This discussion will emphasize the significance of managing confidence in aviation, transitioning from search-and-rescue operations to broader military roles, and the essentials of effective communication in air traffic control.Jon also spent time as a flight instructor. In this conversation, he reflects on his experiences with students and highlights the importance of mentoring the next generation of aviators. We also have an opportunity to touch on his contributions to aviation journalism through Vertical Magazine and the vital role it plays in promoting careers in this dynamic field. Thank you to our sponsors Precision Aviation Group, CNC Technologies and Airbus. 

AMSEcast celebrates 250 years of American innovation with Dr. Andrew Hammond, historian and curator at the International Spy Museum. Hammond explores the evolution of intelligence and espionage, from trial-and-error codebreaking by pioneers like the Friedmans to today's cutting-edge technology. He highlights cryptographic breakthroughs, spy tools, and covert communication methods like one-time pads and suitcase radios. The conversation traces the U.S.'s rise as a global intelligence leader, fueled by Cold War innovation and British collaboration. Stories like the CIA's Glomar Explorer mission illustrate the secrecy and complexity of spycraft. Hammond also hosts SpyCast, sharing these stories with a global audience.     Guest Bio Dr. Andrew Hammond is the historian and curator at the International Spy Museum in Washington, DC. He has held teaching positions and fellowships at esteemed institutions, including the British Library, the Library of Congress, and the 9/11 Memorial Museum. A veteran of the Royal Air Force with assignments to the British Army and Royal Navy, he brings deep expertise in intelligence and national security. Dr. Hammond is also a fellow at the Global National Security Institute and the author of the upcoming book Struggles for Freedom: Afghanistan and US Foreign Policy Since 1979.     Show Highlights (1:52) About the International Spy Museum (5:01) How the U.S. has found information about adversaries in the past (10:54) Tools that can be found in the museum (14:03) The difference between a spy and an agent (17:04) Popular examples of field weapons and how the museum documents them (19:17) Sabotage tools developed in the U.S. and used by American spies (25:53) How the Enigma machine helped crack German and Japanese codes in WWII (29:05) How men and women are represented at the museum (36:22) Spycraft innovations that have made it into public life (43:31) SpyCast, the museum's official podcast     Links Referenced Struggles for Freedom: Afghanistan and US Foreign Policy Since 1979: https://www.amazon.com/Struggles-Freedom-Afghanistan-Foreign-Policy/dp/1474405460 SpyCast: https://www.spymuseum.org/podcast/

Poon Lim, born in 1918 on Hainan Island, China, grew up in a fishing village before moving to Malaysia at age ten. As Japan invaded China in the 1930s, sparking the Second Sino-Japanese War, Lim's father sent him away to avoid conscription, possibly fearing atrocities like the Nanjing Massacre. Lim joined the British Merchant Navy as a cabin boy, but faced discrimination and abuse, leading him to leave in 1937 for Hong Kong, where he became a mechanic.   In 1939, with Britain at war with Germany, the Navy improved conditions to recruit more Chinese seamen, including Lim, who joined the SS Ben Lomond in 1942 as a Second Mess Steward. On November 23, 1942, the unescorted, lightly armed ship was torpedoed by the German U-172 submarine off Brazil. Lim survived the sinking, which killed 54 of the 55 crew members, by clinging to debris and eventually finding a stocked life raft.   Alone at sea, Lim survived 133 days by rationing supplies—water, hardtack, chocolate, pemmican, milk, and lime juice—building a canopy for shade and rainwater, and crafting tools to fish and hunt birds. Despite being a weak swimmer, he tied himself to the raft and later killed a shark for its blood and meat when dehydration threatened his life. Multiple ships passed him without rescuing him, possibly mistaking him for a Japanese sailor or fearing a U-boat trap.   On April 1943, Brazilian fishermen rescued him near Pará after he drifted close to land, emaciated and weak. After recovering, Lim received the British Empire Medal from King George VI for his courage and resourcefulness. His story influenced Royal Navy survival manuals, and he later became a U.S. citizen, settling in Brooklyn with his family until his death in 1991 at age 72. Lim holds the record for the longest solo survival on a life raft, a testament to his extraordinary resilience.   00:00 Welcome to the Dark Oak 00:30 100 Episode Celebration and Giveaway 03:30 The Lake Oconee Murders   Sources: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poon_Lim https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/sole-survivor-of-the-sinking-of-the-benlomond-in-wwii-poon-lim-set-a-record-for-133-days-adrift-at-sea/news-story/9c63348c42762182e17bcc3c2ddbe1a8 https://www.historydefined.net/poon-lim/embed/#?secret=sVREifRlva#?secret=E0phajhSTT https://www.joe.ie/fitness-health/133-days-at-sea-in-an-eight-foot-raft-meet-poon-lim-39850 Jones, S. (2024, March 6). Poon Lim, The Man who Survived 133 Days Lost at Sea. Historic Flix. https://historicflix.com/poon-lim-man-who-survived-133-days-lost-at-sea/   Join The Dark Oak Discussion: Patreon The Dark Oak Podcast Website Facebook Instagram Twitter TikTok Youtube This episode of The Dark Oak was created, researched, written, recorded, hosted, edited, published, and marketed by Cynthia and Stefanie of Just Us Gals Productions with artwork by Justyse Himes and Music by Ryan Creep

In this episode of the Warships Pod guests David Murrin and Dr David Blagden, with help from host Iain Ballantyne, discuss a worldwide struggle in a multi-polar era that is rapidly turning kinetic - from Ukraine, to the Red Sea and Gaza. It may soon burn even hotter should China invade Taiwan and/or the USA attack Iran. A number of topics are discussed during this episode, including the following: *Does the European Union (EU) have a place in such a world, at the top table? Or is it going to be sweeping up the crumbs along with the UK, the latter finding itself a bridge to neither the USA or the EU? *Bearing in mind the UK is a maritime nation, is committing what remains of the British armed forces to policing a frozen war in Ukraine unwise? Do we risk a situation where things get bogged down in that theatre while the Russians run amok at sea, with the UK defenceless? *With concerted attacks by US Navy carrier jets and cruise missile attacks by other USN units against the Houthis in Yemen is it at odds with the Trump administration's supposed urgent priority of facing down China and its huge navy? Every missile expended against the Houthis is surely one less for use against the Chinese? *Narrowing the discussion down to the UK, with the Labour government announcing plans to cut welfare to pay for Defence boosts, how do the two Davids think the Royal Navy should mould itself? Finally - and this is a big one for the episode's final point of discussion - are we heading inexorably towards what the tabloids might call WW3? Or can it be avoided? The May 2025 edition of Warships IFR is published on 22.4.25 in the UK and also deployed globally. Visit the magazine web site http://bit.ly/wifrmag Also, follow it on X @WarshipsIFR Facebook @WarshipsIFR and Warships IFR TV on YouTube @warshipsifrtv3668 For more on various editions of the magazine https://bit.ly/wifri •Dr David Blagden is Associate Professor in International Security and Strategy at the University of Exeter. Dr Blagden has previously worked in the Cabinet Office, regularly consults for several UK Government departments, and has served as Specialist Advisor to a Parliamentary Select Committee. He is also a Senior Associate Fellow of the NATO Defense College and a Visiting Fellow of the Royal Navy Strategic Studies Centre. Find him on X @blagden_david • David Murrin is a Global Forecaster, investor, polymath and author of ‘Breaking the Code of History' (2011). He has a talent for spotting and analysing deep-seated patterns in history and using them to try and understand the present and also where we might be going in today's turbulent geopolitical scene. His other books are ‘Lions Led by Lions' (2018), ‘Now or Never' (2021) and ‘Red Lightning' (2021). The latter is a work of faction that depicts China winning a world war. David Murrin's web site is https://www.davidmurrin.co.uk/about Find him on X @GlobalForecastr •Iain Ballantyne is the founding and current Editor of ‘Warships IFR' magazine (first published in 1998) along with its ‘Guide to the Royal Navy' (since 2003) and ‘Guide to the US Navy' (since 2018). Iain is also author of the books ‘Hunter Killers' (Orion) and ‘The Deadly Trade' (Weidenfeld & Nicolson), both about submarine warfare, plus ‘Arnhem: Ten Days in The Cauldron' and ‘Bismarck: 24 Hours to Doom' (published by Canelo). In 2017 Iain was awarded a Fellowship by the British Maritime Foundation, which promotes awareness of the United Kingdom's dependence on the sea and seafarers. Visit his web site Bismarckbattle.com and follow him on X @IBallantyn

Nous sommes le 13 janvier 1806. Ce jour-là, Francis Beaufort, officier de la Royal Navy, consigne dans son journal de bord, son projet d'échelle du vent. Son invention consiste à mesurer la force du vent grâce à l'observation des changements de vagues et des effets des différents vents sur les voiles des navires britanniques. C'est l'échelle de Beaufort que les météorologistes utilisent encore de nos jours. Souvenons-nous : à 0, la mer est comme un miroir, lisse et sans vague. A 1, on note quelques rides ressemblant à des écailles de poisson, mais sans aucune écume. A 6, le vent est frais, on aperçoit des crêtes d'écume blanches, avec lames, embruns et vagues de 3 à 4 m. 12 : conditions exceptionnelles dues aux vents qui soufflent à plus de 120 km/h : l'air est plein d'embruns. La mer est entièrement blanche du fait des bancs d'écume dérivants. Visibilité fortement réduite. Vagues supérieures à 14 mètres. L'échelle de Beaufort : une avancée scientifique majeure qui a contribué à augmenter la sécurité des voyages en mer. Mais qui est Francis Beaufort ? Irlandais d'origine française, très jeune aspirant à la Compagnie des Indes orientales qui va gravir les échelons de la marine commerciale, d'abord, puis celle de guerre. Soldat lors des conquêtes napoléoniennes, cartographe de sa Majesté George III, Inspecteur du service d'hydrographie, inspirateur de l'expédition du Beagle autour du monde, à laquelle prit part Charles Darwin. Passionné par la météorologie, cette nouvelle science qu'il eut à cœur de mettre au centre d'un faisceau de disciplines, Francis Beaufort est un acteur incontournable des progrès de la navigation à la fin du XVIIIe siècle et au début du XIXe : de l'âge d'or de la marine à voile aux débuts des navires à vapeur et de l'exploration polaire. Remontons aux origines de l'échelle de Beaufort … Avec les Lumières de : Raymond Reding, chirurgien, consultant à Hôpital universitaire des Enfants reine Fabiola. Membre de l'Académie royale de Médecine de Belgique, professeur ordinaire à l'Université catholique de Louvain. Sujets traités : Francis Beaufort, Royal Navy, mer, vent, lames, embruns , vagues, voyage, Charles Darwin, exploration, Merci pour votre écoute Un Jour dans l'Histoire, c'est également en direct tous les jours de la semaine de 13h15 à 14h30 sur www.rtbf.be/lapremiere Retrouvez tous les épisodes d'Un Jour dans l'Histoire sur notre plateforme Auvio.be :https://auvio.rtbf.be/emission/5936 Intéressés par l'histoire ? Vous pourriez également aimer nos autres podcasts : L'Histoire Continue: https://audmns.com/kSbpELwL'heure H : https://audmns.com/YagLLiKEt sa version à écouter en famille : La Mini Heure H https://audmns.com/YagLLiKAinsi que nos séries historiques :Chili, le Pays de mes Histoires : https://audmns.com/XHbnevhD-Day : https://audmns.com/JWRdPYIJoséphine Baker : https://audmns.com/wCfhoEwLa folle histoire de l'aviation : https://audmns.com/xAWjyWCLes Jeux Olympiques, l'étonnant miroir de notre Histoire : https://audmns.com/ZEIihzZMarguerite, la Voix d'une Résistante : https://audmns.com/zFDehnENapoléon, le crépuscule de l'Aigle : https://audmns.com/DcdnIUnUn Jour dans le Sport : https://audmns.com/xXlkHMHSous le sable des Pyramides : https://audmns.com/rXfVppvN'oubliez pas de vous y abonner pour ne rien manquer.Et si vous avez apprécié ce podcast, n'hésitez pas à nous donner des étoiles ou des commentaires, cela nous aide à le faire connaître plus largement. Distribué par Audiomeans. Visitez audiomeans.fr/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

Day 1,135.Today, as the White House suspends sanctions in order to get one of Putin's chief aides into the US, we hear how a Kremlin mouthpiece fell for an April Fool's joke about the Royal Navy, and we go live to NATO HQ in Brussels. Later, we hear from a new Ukraine exhibition at Britain's tank museum.Contributors:Dominic Nicholls (Associate Editor of Defence). @DomNicholls on X.Joe Barnes (Brussels Correspondent). @Barnes_Joe on X.Hamish De Bretton-Gordon (Former British Army Tank Commander). @HamishDBG on XNOW AVAILABLE IN NEW LANGUAGES:The Telegraph has launched translated versions of Ukraine: The Latest in Ukrainian and Russian, making its reporting accessible to audiences on both sides of the battle lines and across the wider region, including Central Asia and the Caucasus. Just search Україна: Останні Новини (Ukr) and Украина: Последние Новости (Ru) on your on your preferred podcast app to find them, or click the links below.Listen here: https://linktr.ee/ukrainethelatestLearn more about the tech: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2025/02/24/ukraine-the-latest-podcast-russian-ukrainian-ai-translation/Subscribe: telegraph.co.uk/ukrainethelatestEmail: ukrainepod@telegraph.co.uk Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

From All Bones Considered: Laurel Hill Stories #073, part 1   The United States tried very hard to not have a Navy. It wasn't until the early 19th century that congress realized the need for a fighting force on the water. Capture of American merchant ships by the Barbary pirates and corsairs with letters of marque forced congress to release funds to fortify the Navy. Eventually the United States Navy was second only to the Royal Navy of England.  Commodore Isaac Hull was captain of the USS Constitution when it defeated RMS Guerriere in the War of 1812. Commodore David Conner worked with Army General Winfield Scott to arrange the massive successful amphibious landing at Veracruz during the Mexican American War, which led directly to the taking of Mexico City a few months later. Rear Admiral Sylvanus William Godon spent his life in the Navy and while a member of the African Squadron captured the slave ship Erie which led to the hanging of its skipper Nathaniel Gordon, the only man executed by the government for being in the slave trade. Admiral George Melville was another Navy lifer. After he led a group back to civilization in the aftermath of the wreck of the SS Jeanette, he stayed in long enough to reach the rank of admiral. All four of these men are buried at Laurel Hill East. 

As the War of the Fifth Coalition raged on, anti-French rebels rose up in the Alps and a remarkable Royal Navy captain fought one of the era's strangest battles on the Atlantic. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Most military members spend their careers enmeshed in their own branch with scant exposure to their sister services. Not Judge.Jim "Judge" Dresner, originally a Royal Marine has been trained by, operated in, and/or deployed with the Royal Navy and Air Force, the British Army, and even the U.S. Marine Corps during his illustrious career flying helicopters to jump jets. His is a story of interoperability, resilience, and modesty.For financial planning questions or assistance, contact Zach Mindel at zmindel@forumfinancial.com, (630) 474-3599, or visit https://www.forumfinancial.com/profile/zachary-mindel/Zach Mindel is a Financial Advisor with Forum Financial Management, a registered investment adviser with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Neither specialized services nor adherence to the fiduciary standard of conduct should be interpreted as a guarantee of specific outcomes. The success and effectiveness of planning services depend on various factors, including but not limited to the timing and manner of implementation, collaboration with the client and their other professionals, and market conditions. Military service benefits may have eligibility requirements. Past performance is not indicative of future results. All investing comes with risk, including risk of loss. For more information, visit our website at www.forumfinancial.com.Support this podcast at — https://redcircle.com/the-fighter-pilot-podcast/donations