Podcast appearances and mentions of peter khoury

Amy turns the unsettling dial to 11 with the alien encounter story of Peter Khoury. Then, Monique keeps the disturbing party going with the murder of Marlene Warren. If you liked this episode, please take a moment to rate, review, and subscribe.

(Este es un extracto del programa publicado para mecenas) El fenómeno de la abducción representa uno de los mayores enigmas en la investigación moderna sobre el contacto con lo desconocido. Desde mediados del siglo XX, miles de personas en todo el planeta han relatado experiencias extraordinarias en las que seres aparentemente no humanos irrumpen en su realidad cotidiana, llevándolas consigo contra su voluntad, hacia entornos inexplicables donde son sometidas a situaciones que desafían cualquier lógica o comprensión convencional. Estos testimonios, provenientes de contextos culturales, sociales y geográficos diversos, presentan patrones sorprendentemente similares, lo que ha llevado a investigadores y expertos a considerar que se encuentran frente a un fenómeno real, tangible y desconcertante. Sin embargo, pese a los años de investigación, el fenómeno continúa generando más preguntas que respuestas claras. Dentro de estos casos, algunos destacan especialmente por aportar algo de lo que muy pocas veces disponemos: evidencias físicas concretas y analizables. El caso de Peter Khoury es precisamente uno de estos relatos excepcionales, ya que no solo relata con detalle un encuentro insólito con seres desconocidos, sino que además presenta pruebas físicas que han resistido los análisis científicos más rigurosos. Khoury no buscaba notoriedad ni atención mediática; era una persona común y corriente que, al verse atrapado en una experiencia incomprensible, decidió acudir a la comunidad científica para encontrar respuestas. Este caso en particular destaca porque permitió realizar análisis genéticos profundos sobre una evidencia biológica que parecía imposible de explicar mediante parámetros convencionales. La muestra que dejó el incidente, sometida a estrictas pruebas de ADN, abrió la puerta a debates sobre la posibilidad de interacciones genéticas entre seres humanos y entidades desconocidas, situándose en el límite mismo de lo aceptable por la ciencia establecida. Pero Peter Khoury no es un caso aislado. Su experiencia se suma a una larga lista de incidentes similares que recorren el mundo entero: desde los encuentros clásicos y documentados por investigadores pioneros como Budd Hopkins, John Mack o David Jacobs, hasta casos menos conocidos pero igualmente inquietantes, donde los testimonios hablan de entidades humanoides, procedimientos médicos inexplicables y la sensación constante de haber sido usados para propósitos ajenos a nuestra comprensión. Ante este escenario, cabe plantearse si estamos frente a un fenómeno extraterrestre convencional o, tal vez, ante algo mucho más complejo y profundo, que podría poner en duda las bases mismas de nuestra percepción de la realidad. ¿Son estas experiencias una señal de que no estamos solos en el universo? ¿O podrían sugerir que lo que consideramos "humano" podría no ser tan claramente definido como creemos? Estas preguntas permanecen abiertas y continúan siendo motivo de investigaciones apasionadas, pero también de escepticismo y controversia. Al final, más allá de las pruebas físicas o testimoniales, lo que el fenómeno de la abducción realmente desafía es nuestra forma de entender quiénes somos y cuál es nuestro lugar en un cosmos que quizás oculta realidades mucho más complejas de las que podemos imaginar. Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals

Agradece a este podcast tantas horas de entretenimiento y disfruta de episodios exclusivos como éste. ¡Apóyale en iVoox! El fenómeno de la abducción representa uno de los mayores enigmas en la investigación moderna sobre el contacto con lo desconocido. Desde mediados del siglo XX, miles de personas en todo el planeta han relatado experiencias extraordinarias en las que seres aparentemente no humanos irrumpen en su realidad cotidiana, llevándolas consigo contra su voluntad, hacia entornos inexplicables donde son sometidas a situaciones que desafían cualquier lógica o comprensión convencional. Estos testimonios, provenientes de contextos culturales, sociales y geográficos diversos, presentan patrones sorprendentemente similares, lo que ha llevado a investigadores y expertos a considerar que se encuentran frente a un fenómeno real, tangible y desconcertante. Sin embargo, pese a los años de investigación, el fenómeno continúa generando más preguntas que respuestas claras. Dentro de estos casos, algunos destacan especialmente por aportar algo de lo que muy pocas veces disponemos: evidencias físicas concretas y analizables. El caso de Peter Khoury es precisamente uno de estos relatos excepcionales, ya que no solo relata con detalle un encuentro insólito con seres desconocidos, sino que además presenta pruebas físicas que han resistido los análisis científicos más rigurosos. Khoury no buscaba notoriedad ni atención mediática; era una persona común y corriente que, al verse atrapado en una experiencia incomprensible, decidió acudir a la comunidad científica para encontrar respuestas. Este caso en particular destaca porque permitió realizar análisis genéticos profundos sobre una evidencia biológica que parecía imposible de explicar mediante parámetros convencionales. La muestra que dejó el incidente, sometida a estrictas pruebas de ADN, abrió la puerta a debates sobre la posibilidad de interacciones genéticas entre seres humanos y entidades desconocidas, situándose en el límite mismo de lo aceptable por la ciencia establecida. Pero Peter Khoury no es un caso aislado. Su experiencia se suma a una larga lista de incidentes similares que recorren el mundo entero: desde los encuentros clásicos y documentados por investigadores pioneros como Budd Hopkins, John Mack o David Jacobs, hasta casos menos conocidos pero igualmente inquietantes, donde los testimonios hablan de entidades humanoides, procedimientos médicos inexplicables y la sensación constante de haber sido usados para propósitos ajenos a nuestra comprensión. Ante este escenario, cabe plantearse si estamos frente a un fenómeno extraterrestre convencional o, tal vez, ante algo mucho más complejo y profundo, que podría poner en duda las bases mismas de nuestra percepción de la realidad. ¿Son estas experiencias una señal de que no estamos solos en el universo? ¿O podrían sugerir que lo que consideramos "humano" podría no ser tan claramente definido como creemos? Estas preguntas permanecen abiertas y continúan siendo motivo de investigaciones apasionadas, pero también de escepticismo y controversia. Al final, más allá de las pruebas físicas o testimoniales, lo que el fenómeno de la abducción realmente desafía es nuestra forma de entender quiénes somos y cuál es nuestro lugar en un cosmos que quizás oculta realidades mucho más complejas de las que podemos imaginar. Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals

Headlines: Albo to promise $10,000 cash bonus for apprentices, Southport attacker jailed for 52 years over murder of three girls, Splendour in the Grass cancelled for a second straight year and Aryna Sabalenka one step closer to AO three-peat. Deep Dive: What the hell is going on with petrol prices? Right now in Australia, you can pay $2.26 a litre at one servo, but then drive past another, selling the same unleaded for $1.64, on the same road. Why? On this episode of the Briefing, Bension Siebert speaks with Peter Khoury, a spokesperson for the National Roads and Motorists' Association, to unravel what’s behind the wildly different pricing, who exactly we should blame when petrol prices skyrocket, and how to find the best deal, easily. Follow The Briefing: TikTok: @listnrnewsroom Instagram: @listnrnewsroom @thebriefingpodcast YouTube: @LiSTNRnewsroom Facebook: @LiSTNR NewsroomSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Joe Schinella, Sean Faulkner, Lucy Derbyshire, Brenton Cox, David Hogg, Peter Khoury, Gus McDOnald and Lee Francis. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

NRMA Insurance spokesperson Peter Khoury joined Peter Fegan on 4BC Breakfast to discuss the fuel cycle and petrol pricing across Australia.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Petrol prices are expected to rise just ahead of the upcoming long weekend. Peter Khoury, NRMA spokesperson, joins Chris O'Keefe to explain how families can save $800 a year on fuel. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Michael Nahm is a biologist and parapsychologist who recognises the need to address the UFO phenomenon. In 2023 he published a paper in the Journal of Anomalistics titled ‘Concordant Deviance: Commonalties of Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP) and Psi Phenomena'. This is the first time Dr. Nahm has spoken publicly about UAP in this much depth. Please scroll through the description ⏬ for links + TIMESTAMPS 

Deuxième partie sur les OVNIS ce soir avec l'histoire complètement loufoque de Peter Khoury..!

Book about Peter's experienceshttps://www.amazon.com/Hair-Alien-Forensic-Evidence-Abductions/dp/0743492862Make a Donation to Forbidden Knowledge News http://supportfkn.comhttps://www.paypal.me/forbiddenknowledgeneWatch The Forbidden Documentary: Occult Louisiana now on Tubi!https://bit.ly/42RsfWCDownload the film https://www.buymeacoffee.com/forbiddendoc/e/179799pRent or purchase from our OTT site!https://fknproductions.vhx.tv/checkout/the-forbidden-documentary-series/purchaseThe Forbidden Documentary: Occult Louisiana Official Trailerhttps://youtu.be/mau8CbuyoQ8?si=4LuMN7XACnGRnAllJoin us at Expanding Reality Excursions: Befriending Bigfoot Eventhttps://expandingrealitypodcast.com/events/?fbclid=IwAR3617vKySHVs6FfoeFeKEfRecau6-nUeo-NzWuJSoNw8-C6PavkkNtZPXwFKN Link Treehttps://linktr.ee/ForbiddenKnowledgeNewsForbidden Knowledge Network https://forbiddenknowledge.news/Sign up on Rokfin!https://rokfin.com/fknplusPodcastshttps://www.spreaker.com/show/forbiddenAvailable on all platforms Support FKN on Spreaker https://spreaker.page.link/KoPgfbEq8kcsR5oj9FKN ON Rumblehttps://rumble.com/c/FKNGet Cory Hughes Book!https://www.buymeacoffee.com/jfkbookhttps://www.amazon.com/Warning-History-Cory-Hughes/dp/B0CL14VQY6/ref=mp_s_a_1_1?crid=72HEFZQA7TAP&keywords=a+warning+from+history+cory+hughes&qid=1698861279&sprefix=a+warning+fro%2Caps%2C121&sr=8-1https://coryhughes.org/C60 PurplePowerhttps://go.shopc60.com/FORBIDDEN10/or use coupon code knowledge10Johnny Larson's artworkhttps://www.patreon.com/JohnnyLarsonGet your medicinal mushroom supplies here!!https://berthoudfarm.com/sporeswaps.com/vendors/bf-geneticsGet 15% off your order from Nutronics Labs!https://www.nutronicslabs.com/discount/FKN?redirect=%2F%3Fafmc%3DFKN%26utm_campaign%3DFKN%26utm_source%3Dleaddyno%26utm_medium%3DaffiliateOr use code FKN YouTube https://youtube.com/@fknclipsBecome Self-Sufficient With A Food Forest!!https://foodforestabundance.com/get-started/?ref=CHRISTOPHERMATHUse coupon code: FORBIDDEN for discountsThe FKN Store!https://www.fknstore.net/Our Facebook pageshttps://www.facebook.com/forbiddenknowledgenewsconspiracy/https://www.facebook.com/FKNNetwork/Instagram @forbiddenknowledgenews1@forbiddenknowledgenetworkXhttps://x.com/ForbiddenKnow10?t=uO5AqEtDuHdF9fXYtCUtfw&s=09Email meforbiddenknowledgenews@gmail.comsome music thanks to:https://www.bensound.com/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/forbidden-knowledge-news--3589233/support.

Peter Khoury from the NRMA explained how this sudden rise in fuel costs comes despite expectations of a price drop. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In July of 1992 Peter Khoury had an extremely dark encounter with two humanoid, female aliens. From this bizarre interaction Mr. Khoury recovered a long strand of alien hair which was later DNA tested and produced some shocking results. Was Peter Khoury a victim of a Alien, Human hybrid program? Listen in to learn more.

Peter Khoury from the NRMA spoke to Deb about the latest report on Australian road safety. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Disclosed UFO Files – Keep up with the latest in the world of UFO & UAP. Make sense out of the confusion and unravel the mystery once and for all.

Peter Khoury who is the founder of Australias first support group 'The UFO Experience Support Assosciation', joins me on the show to talk about his many experiences and encounters. Starting from his child hood in lebanon and eventually to Australia. Peter Claims to have had quite the intimate encounter which left hard physical evidence that was even put under the microscope. Over the years he has been featured in many documentaries and although his encounters have gained him a bit of popularity, he hopes he can help others who have had encounters that may be to traumatic to come to terms with.Get in touch with Peter viaPhone: 0412 649 428Email: ufoesa@optusnet.com.auPost: PO Box 191 Regents Park NSW 2143 Australia....This is episode is available to watch on our Youtube channelhttps://youtu.be/74rpT9NObCA....................You can find Encounters Down Under on all the major socials but make sure to like and follow the Encounters Down Under Podcast Facebook page where we live stream most of our interviews. This gives listeners the opportunity to ask our guest questions regarding their encounter in the comments.https://www.facebook.com/EncountersDo...Also join our community group for updates about the show and general discussions about episodes and more.https://www.facebook.com/groups/28337...Show your support for the show by grabbing yourself some awesome merchandise from our online store with a great variety of quality products to choose from.https://www.redbubble.com/i/t-shirt/E...#UFO #Aliens #UAP #Abductions #USO #ufotwitter Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

NRMA spokesperson Peter Khoury tells Steve & Ryzy why the petrol prices are so high at the moment and when they're likely to go down.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

On this episode I was fortunate enough to make it to the 10th anniversary of the annual Cardwell UFO festival and had the honor of being invited on to the believe paranormal UFO podcast panel for his presentation during the C files and discuss everything UFO and Alien. We were joined by ben hurl, Peter Khoury, Paul Hamden and Steven Strong where we had some great discussions. So, a massive thank you to Kade for having me, it was a great new fun experience and also a massive shout out to Thea and everyone involved in creating the festival for a fantastic weekend. ..........Follow them on all major podcast media platformshttps://open.spotify.com/show/0YfXJJQe8rgkZNiALIYgAQ?si=140ceb57d2ee4a1d&nd=1https://podcasts.apple.com/au/podcast/believe-paranormal-ufo-podcast/id1443705637https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYt8rBxdFIqLbulVa0tOyIQFollow on their website or all major socialshttps://believepod.com/https://www.facebook.com/thebelievepodhttps://www.instagram.com/thebelievepod/https://twitter.com/thebelievepod....................You can find Encounters Down Under on all the major socials but make sure to like and follow the Encounters Down Under Podcast Facebook page where we live stream most of our interviews. This gives listeners the opportunity to ask our guest questions regarding their encounter in the comments.https://www.facebook.com/EncountersDo...Also join our community group for updates about the show and general discussions about episodes and more.https://www.facebook.com/groups/28337...Show your support for the show by grabbing yourself some awesome merchandise from our online store with a great variety of quality products to choose from.https://www.redbubble.com/i/t-shirt/E...#UFO #Aliens #UAP #Abductions #USO #ufotwitter Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Sometimes we have an episode that so historical, so bleeding edge, so amazing, I'm not sure what to even write about it. Me the person who usually has something to say about everything was left 100% speechless when we did this topic. Give it a listen. The more you hear, the better it gets. This is a top % episode worthy of your 1990's cassette walkman. We sincerely hope that while you're experiencing the beautiful epiphany that happens while listening to this episode happens, you fully commit to it. I'm starting to think Tressa can't pick a bad topic. #UFOs @Stormphrog #Sexual #AsianAliens #TheLieDetectorDeterminedThatWasALie #Vivian #Hairplay

NRMA spokesperson Peter Khoury told Joe Hildebrand they have had a 70 per cent increase year-on-year from people who have had car damage from potholes.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

دردشة مع مهندس الصوت و التسجيل بيتر خوري In conversation with Mixing and Recording Engineer Peter Khoury VIDEO AVAILABLE @ https://youtu.be/I8wGwn0hrqw --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/963podcast/message

In 1992, Australian resident and alien abductee Peter Khoury woke up to find two beautiful hybrid alien women sitting on his bed while he laid there, unable to move. One of the women, a blonde, attempted to force Khoury to have intercourse with her, but he bit her, and soon after the two women vanished. However, Khoury later discovered two hairs pressed into his body that could only have come from the mysterious female who was earlier straddling him. The hairs were sent off for DNA testing, and the results were astounding. Links/sources: The Bizarre Alien Encounter of Peter Khoury and the Alien DNA Sample (mysteriousuniverse.org) 1992 case: 'The Alien Hair Incident' Peter Khoury - YouTube Support this podcast: UFO - Extraterrestrial Reality • A podcast on Anchor Check out my YouTube channel: Quirk Zone - YouTube Extraterrestrial Reality book recommendations: Link to COMMUNION by Whitley Strieber: https://amzn.to/3xuPGqi Link to THE THREAT by David M. Jacobs: https://amzn.to/3Lk52nj Link to TOP SECRET/MAJIC by Stanton Friedman: https://amzn.to/3xvidfv Link to NEED TO KNOW by Timothy Good: https://amzn.to/3BNftfT Link to UFOS AND THE NATIONAL SECURITY STATE, VOLUME 1: https://amzn.to/3xxJvlv Link to UFOS AND THE NATIONAL SECURITY STATE, VOLUME 2: https://amzn.to/3UhdQ1l Link to THE ALLAGASH ABDUCTIONS: https://amzn.to/3qNkLSg --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/james-quirk/support

In 1992, Australian resident and alien abductee Peter Khoury woke up to find two beautiful hybrid alien women sitting on his bed while he laid there, unable to move. One of the women, a blonde, attempted to force Khoury to have intercourse with her, but he bit her, and soon after the two women vanished. However, Khoury later discovered two hairs pressed into his body that could only have come from the mysterious female who was earlier straddling him. The hairs were sent off for DNA testing, and the results were astounding. Links/sources: The Bizarre Alien Encounter of Peter Khoury and the Alien DNA Sample (mysteriousuniverse.org) 1992 case: 'The Alien Hair Incident' Peter Khoury - YouTube Support this podcast: UFO - Extraterrestrial Reality • A podcast on Anchor Check out my YouTube channel: Quirk Zone - YouTube Extraterrestrial Reality book recommendations: Link to COMMUNION by Whitley Strieber: https://amzn.to/3xuPGqi Link to THE THREAT by David M. Jacobs: https://amzn.to/3Lk52nj Link to TOP SECRET/MAJIC by Stanton Friedman: https://amzn.to/3xvidfv Link to NEED TO KNOW by Timothy Good: https://amzn.to/3BNftfT Link to UFOS AND THE NATIONAL SECURITY STATE, VOLUME 1: https://amzn.to/3xxJvlv Link to UFOS AND THE NATIONAL SECURITY STATE, VOLUME 2: https://amzn.to/3UhdQ1l Link to THE ALLAGASH ABDUCTIONS: https://amzn.to/3qNkLSg --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/james-quirk/support

Peter Khoury, NRMA chats with Joe.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

NRMA spokesperson Peter Khoury explains what it means on 2GB Drive.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

While petrol prices and other transport costs are biting into household budgets, are there still opportunities for motorists and commuters to save? That's the pressing question Money's Tom Watson and NRMA spokesperson Peter Khoury get into on this week's episode of Friends With Money. They discuss: The transport costs hitting Australians the hardest Why petrol prices have risen so high, and where they are now What's going to happen to the 22c/litre fuel excise cut The explosion of potholes and their impact Ways for people to save money on their transport and driving costs Listeners may also be interested in the following: ACCC petrol price cycles in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide and Perth Petrol price monitoring resources like Fuel Check NSW, FuelWatch WA, MotorMouth, myNRMA app, myRAA app, MyFuel NT, Petrol Spy, RACQ Fair Fuel and Simples. Listen on Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/3mV0Cbr Listen on Google Podcasts: https://bit.ly/3qGfsoL Listen on Spotify: https://spoti.fi/3fSPI2h Website: https://moneymag.com.au Email: podcast@moneymag.com.auSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Episode 89 is starting off a little different, love the launch of a new podcast segment: Things I Like that You Should Fucking Buy. Bc I'm not cool enough to have a Like to Know It Page to get paid for these things, alas, a new podcast segment and a spot on the grid to support people and locals I love. First off, this hat (from the rad Raleigh (folk) rock band American Aquarium- i love alliterations). Second, the adorably amazing and well crafted piece of my home state (and all other states in the country) from Hemlock and Heather, Hi Kris and Kelley! Third, my favorite FUCKITYFUCKFUCKFUCK tumbler from the badass babe Missy & her amazing company Twisted Wares, some of the funniest household items I've ever seen (in person and online). Support your Local Makers, babes. Alright Alright, lets dive into today's episode // 'Confidence is the Secret Ingredient to your Life's Recipe'. Taken some pillars of knowledge from an amazing website I found this week when thinking about how I would draw out and put together this weeks' episode, enter Magnetic Speaking, thanks for an article from Peter Khoury (thank you x infinity). Peter writes about the 7 Ingredients of Self-Confidence in the realm of public speaking, but I am going to elaborate to help babes out, just a bit more. Thank you for the pillars of self confidence & here they are: Anxiety Certainty Pride Safety Gratitude Happiness Love See the full article here: https://bit.ly/3rDrcri I am so excited to bring you new episodes and interviews each Friday at #highnoon, don't forget to tune into the #sundayspill- that last Sunday of every month, a newer segment of the BabeAF pod where I dive into some pop culture dish with my girl Steph. Please remember to like, share, subscribe, follow, rate and review, WHEW. It means a lot, love you bunches. Find all the ways to follow us at: https://msha.ke/thebabeafpod --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

The author resides in Victoria, Australia. He has a Diploma of Education Primary/Elementary Teaching), Swinburne University, Melbourne, 2015 and a Bachelor of Arts w/ 1st Class Honours, Philosophy, Latrobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, 2003. Private Language Tutor of Irish and Scots Gaelic, 2001 – 2016. Full-time Nurseryman and Grafter, JFT Wholesale Tree Nurseries, Monbulk, VIC, 2004-2010. Author of Speculative Fiction Novels: Dead Stars and Dark Womb of the Grave. 2010 – 2012, Available on Amazon until 2015. Relief/Substitute Primary/Elementary Teacher, 2015 – 2019. Fluent speaker of Irish and Scottish Gaelic. Insatiable preoccupation with Comparative Linguistics, Philosophy, Folklore, Religious Studies and all research into the Paranormal. The Children of Orion: Finding the CryptoterrestrialsFrom Elves to ETs to UsThe first portion of the book is an investigation into the Cryptoterrestrials (CTs). I use the word as defined by Mac Tonnies: They are a hypothetical sister race to us of Earthly origin - albeit possibly space-faring. I agree with Tonnies that the CTs are a long-term presence here on Earth. I cite the close similarities between the folk beliefs of Gaelic Scotland and Ireland in relation to the Sidhe (tall fair, subterranean, whistling beings) and the alleged Tall White ET encounters of Charles Hall (also tall, fair, subterranean, chirping, beings), offering this as strong evidence through history for a continuum of experience with identical beings. Through subsequent chapters, I posit that these Tall White Cryptoterrestrials are the same 'people' as those encountered also by Antonio Villas Boas, Peter Khoury, the Day family (Aveley Abduction), Kelly Cahill, through to Christopher Bledsoe Sr. I track the CTs through the various cases by identifying particular characteristics of appearance, behavioral patterns, habitation, technologies and language (which I call the 'CT-List'). Each new casein turn serves to inform this growing ‘List' of potential traits, preparing the way to consider other historical paranormal/ET cases in which the beings' behavior and appearances may be less obviously identifiable. A key example feature identified on the List is a piece of technology I call the Boas Suit (named after the case that registers the first instance of it). It would appear to be a cloaking outfit with glowing red eyes used by the CTs in covert operations. And it is integral to helping us locate other CT cases.The conclusion I come to from the mounting evidence in this first part is that these tall, fair CTs with large, blue eyes are likely future versions of ourselves from Orion's Belt that have nevertheless returned to Earth and re-entered our own past; and are now entrenched here as a sister race to us; below our own oceans and under our own feet. They require access to our DNA from time to time to augment their own failing genomes, and they are not going anywhere.Cheek to JowlCertain historical cases that are less obviously connected to the CTs are now considered, as I attempt to demonstrate that many of the phenomena described at Skinwalker Ranch and in the Mothman Prophecies are attributable to them. I postulate that much of this more ‘negative' interaction between us and them as described in these accounts is due to the CTs making occasional attempts to repel or expel us from areas adjacent to their underground habitations. They have been ‘dealing' with us for centuries, and certain tried and tested methods usually work for them in miniature ‘psy-war' campaigns against us. These methods include telepathic fear-inspiring assaults; the use of what I call Transient Life Forms (TLFs), that are possible, solid, holographic, biological entities manufactured by them for intimidation (and called by us cryptids) and then annihilated by them also at their whim; poltergeist and Shadow People activity; aggressive orbs; and animal mutilation. I draw comparisons between the Skinwalker Ranch case and that of Chris Bledsoe – outlining the parallels and suggesting that the only real difference here is whether or not a person is on their good side. I argue that the case of Chris Bledsoe is an interestingly aberrant one in some respects, where evidence suggests the CTs are deliberately courting him for some kind of later disclosure - rather than obeying their usual protocols for clandestine behavior - and are using his own Christian belief system as a scaffolding to build meaningful interactions with him and with the people of the United States.I go on to demonstrate the importance of the CT's Telepath-Technology in their interactions with us – laying out the evidence from various cases that much training is required by them before they can successfully use the tech to hypnotize us, bedazzle us, instill fear and to guide us.My Own ExperiencesThis relatively short segment contains a selection of my own interactions with the CTs over the years. In it I elucidate some of the reasoning behind my infatuation with our sister race.My style in the first two parts involves the incorporation of direct quotes from eyewitnesses themselves, or failing that, from principal researchers. These quotes are then discussed. In doing this I try to remove paraphrase from the book as much as possible, so as to not leave my own 'fingerprints' on the data.

Chris O'Keefe is joined by NRMA spokesperson Peter Khoury to find out why roadworks speeds can still be slow, even when workers have finished for the day.  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Omicron sent oil prices spiralling 12% lower on Friday, with some ground recovered since. Can motorists expect some relief at the bowser? See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

This case which took place in Australia and investigated by Bill Chalker blew me away. Peter Khoury experienced strange visitations and even abductions throughout his life. All the classic elements of alien abductions are present here, with one exception; physical evidence left behind. An in-depth interview with Peter Khoury and Bill Chalker can be seen on YouTube at Erica Luke's channel UFO Classified here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4a6vEbJboAA&t=6016s You can find an an article written by yours truly on the case at: Normalparanormal.org --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/thebunker/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/thebunker/support

The average price of unleaded petrol is set to soar beyond $1.74 per litre in coming days. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Join us as we examine the alleged alien DNA discovered in the Peter Khoury case and ask what does E.T. dna have in common with Bigfoot dna.

As the landscape of higher education was shifting, Unity College President Melik Peter Khoury had planned to move the school to a hybrid model of in-person and remote classes. But the pandemic changed everything and put those plans into overdrive. What's more, Unity had to deal with an FBI investigation of an employee who later was convicted of embezzlement. Hear Dr. Khoury talk about how he and his team brought Unity College through these days that changed everything.

Um caso impressionante envolvendo contato intimo, hibridização, exame de DNA e várias teorias. Créditos: Produção CCJ Estúdios * https://www.vigilia.com.br * https://www.fenomenum.com.br   *  https://www.ufo.com.br  --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/centro-de-pesquisas-ufolg/message

Clinton Maynard talks about a spike in petrol prices with Peter Khoury from the NRMA. Listen to the interview. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

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It’s been a year since we last spoke with our vaccine expert, Dr. Peter Khoury. We discuss the different types of vaccines available, if there is a best one to take, if there are side effects or dangers to be worried about, and whether or not Covid 19 will be here for the long run. Dr. Peter Khoury, is the President and CEO of Ology Bioservices Inc. He is an expert on vaccines and biologics and during his 30-year career, he has worked for the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Merck, and Baxter International. Dr. Khoury has involved in international forums on vaccines, pandemic planning, and biodefense preparation, including working with the Olympic Committee. TRANSCRIPT: Intro: 0:01 Inventors and their inventions. Welcome to Radio Cade and podcast from the Cade Museum for Creativity and Invention in Gainesville, Florida, the museum is named after James Robert Cade, who invented Gatorade in 1965. My name is Richard Miles. We’ll introduce you to inventors and the things that motivate them, we’ll learn about their personal stories, how their inventions work and how their ideas get from the laboratory to the marketplace. James Di Virgilio: 0:39 Welcome to Radio Cade . I’m your host, James Di Virgilio. And today we are bringing you a special episode. It is part two of the, everything you need to know about vaccinations and COVID-19, it’s been almost a year since I last spoke with Dr. Peter Khoury, you can catch that episode anywhere you listen to this podcast. Dr. Peter Khoury is the president and CEO of Ology, Bioservices, he’s an expert on vaccines and biologics. And during his 30 year career, he’s worked for the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation, Merck and Baxter International. Dr. Khoury has been involved in international forums on vaccines, pandemic planning, biodefense prep, including working with the Olympic Committee. Dr. Khoury, welcome back to the show. Dr. Peter Khoury: 1:20 Thank you, James. And it’s unfortunate. We can’t do it in person. Certainly. I’m sure you, myself and others are so used to doing teleconferences and Zoom calls. So we’ll see how this goes. And hopefully you can hear me well. James Di Virgilio: 1:35 Yes, we can. We’ll make this work last time. In our first episode, of course we were together. We were in a large room sitting far apart, but it is always great to have, of course, the person you’re talking with in front of you, like all of the listeners know and understand as well. So since the last time we spoke, a lot of things have changed, but really a lot of things that you had talked about on the first episode have essentially come to pass. You mentioned there’d be a potential small wave of infections followed later on by a much larger wave of illness that certainly happened. And then we got into the discussion, which is really going to be the crux of our discussion today of essentially game theory and viruses, which again, viruses are smart. They react, they change, they have different strands. I think a lot of the public across the world has learned about these things. And how do you deal with them? How do you stay one step ahead. So let’s open up now with that in the background and ask you sort of this big question, looking back now, what happened that maybe you didn’t foresee the first time we spoke? Dr. Peter Khoury: 2:29 There’s a couple of things and they, I guess aren’t really biology related, but they really did make an impression on me and were something I did not foresee. The first really was the amount of compassion and caring that people show when they’re in uncertain circumstances. It did once again, show me that compassion is an inherent trait and caring helps ease the burden. A pandemic can cause think about the long hours and risks that healthcare workers put themselves in, especially at the beginning of COVID-19. And there was so much unknown in so many people being infected and to be an emergency room nurse or physician at that time, and having to put in those long hours and put yourself at risk and your family at risk and not really sure if one mask or two mask or a shield or what exactly was going to really protect you, but they came in for work day after day, policemen, firemen, emergency workers, all of them. It’s amazing for them to really take care of those who had severe cases of COVID-19. So I think that’s the first thing that I didn’t really foresee that there would be that kind of positive response. And so many people that really took up caring for others. The other thing that I didn’t foresee was the ability of people who may otherwise be intelligent to actively ignore the science and the data. And instead believe what I thought were ridiculous, conspiracy theories and false information generated by self-proclaimed experts whose credentials are measured by the number of people who follow them on social media. So I was surprised by that, that otherwise people that I thought were pretty intelligent would trust that for their information instead of the experts in the field. Actually, there is another thing, a third thing that I didn’t really foresee a year ago, and that’s really how different people’s tolerance for being inconvenienced and then their mental calculation of the risk and reward removing something that is inconvenient. So simply stated their reasoning for justifying doing something that increases their risk . I happen to live out towards one of the most populated Springs in the area. And it was amazing during the weekends of this past summer, the hundreds, if not thousands of people that would go to these Springs and no mask, no nothing, whole family. And they would put themselves at risk. And it’s hard for me because I wouldn’t do that to actually see that. And now here we have, I think at least two States, Texas, and Mississippi that are basically taking down everything, no mask, full restaurants, everything back to normal, and I’m afraid. We’re just going to see another huge wave from this. So people need to understand, yes, you’re going to be in convenience for awhile , but that’s the only way to stop spreading a virus like this. Or of course, get everyone vaccinated and protected at least to a number where you get protection of the movement of the virus amongst a population. James Di Virgilio: 6:05 Yeah you mentioned an interesting narrative there with listening to experts and in my own field of investing, I like to tell people all the time, if you ask me questions about investing, I can speak as an expert in the past. This is why this strategy worked here are the data sizes and samples. Here’s the research done here. So we know it’s worked in the past. Here’s, what’s likely to work in the future, but if someone asked me six months from now, what exactly is going to happen in this market or this investment? The only right answer is, I don’t know, and neither does anyone else. And there seems to be some confusion between experts that know how to speak on things that have occurred, that they’ve witnessed and people making prognostications, using whatever kind of modeling, either simple, or as you mentioned, an opinion that comes from your mind and gets put onto social media, prognostications are difficult, but the hard data, the data we’ve observed, the data we know to be true of course tells a different story. And that I think is what you’re looking for. Obviously in a free society for people to begin to clean to what is the truth are things that we’ve observed before. So let’s set the stage for vaccinations. In general, last time you had mentioned, there’s essentially five main ways that you can create a vaccine to overly simplify and with Corona virus with COVID, we have essentially not used all five of them. If you could kind of walk through the landscape right now for the vaccines, we have the ones that may be worked on, and then we’re going to walk through them because I know that’s a huge question area for most people. Should I get an mRNA vaccine? Should I wait? What’s the difference? Is it risky? So if you could set that landscape again, what these vaccines are, and then we’ll dive into each one and give everyone out there a good chance to grasp what the differences are. Dr. Peter Khoury: 7:41 Sure. And I have to admit, I didn’t listen before this, to what I had said a year ago, but there are tried and true methods for making a vaccine, whether it’s a live attenuated vaccine, where they take either a virus or bacteria and they make it. So you have, what’s called a subclinical infection where you don’t really get sick from it, but your body responds as if you did. So you produce antibodies and an immune response to this modified bacteria or virus that’s been attenuated, or sometimes you just kill it and put it in hall in the person. An example is at the early days of vaccines, the very first one was a smallpox vaccine made with Cowpox. And they realize that milkmaids were not getting serious cases of smallpox it’s because they were infected with cowpox, which was a milder version. And that’s sort of like an attenuation in a sense. And so then they were able to take that and literally just bake it or whatever you want to do to kill the bacteria and use that. Then as a virus itself, you can also put it in a mixer and slice it up and you have a bunch of small pieces of a virus or a bacteria. And I say a mixer. It’s nothing like that, but you get the idea of slicing it up and in your body sees that as foreign. And it can develop an immune response to that. But the vaccines that are now on the market actually use newer technology, which really is ingenious. And unfortunately people fear mRNA’s or DNA and they think, Oh, this is genetic engineering. And they’re putting something into me and it’s integrating into my chromosomes. And I don’t know, the government can track me because of that. And it’s nothing like that. Really. If you look at it in the science behind cell biology is just amazing what each of your cells can actually do. And it’s really using that mechanism as a small factory in itself. So I think most people realize there’s a third vaccine that was just approved by the FDA, by a company. You know, them as Johnson and Johnson, they have a subsidiary called the Anson, which is out of the Netherlands, their vaccine portion of the company. And so this new vaccine just came on the market. It’s given us a single dose and the other two, which had been around now for a few months, the Pfizer in Moderna vaccines, those are really two dose vaccines. And so the Pfizer Moderna vaccine utilizes this manufacturing platform that you mentioned, which is mRNA or messenger RNA. What they do is they have this piece of genetic material that in a sense codes, it’s the recipe, for what’s called the spike protein or part of the spike protein, which is part of the Corona virus. And they encapsulate it in like this fatty particle. So it’s called a VLP. And so inside this, let’s say glob of fat, little glob of fat is this little piece of genetic code. Well you’re cells need energy. And so when they see that they use that for energy, this gets injected in your arm and your cells in your arm , see that those fatty particles and they start sort of sucking them in for energy use. And as they suck them in. And the middle is this little piece of genetic material, which is the messenger RNA once inside the cell . Well , your body has all the mechanisms to take that recipe, which is in a sense listed on this piece of messenger RNA and start producing the protein it’s encoded in it, which is that spike protein. So that spike protein is then released from yourselves and other cells. See, it may say, Hmm , that’s not part of our body that’s foreign to us. And so it generates immune response by your other cells, by your immune cells. In those remember seeing that particle after it eats it up or whatever. So it sees this spike, protein decides it’s foreign to your body. The immune cell then ingests that, but it remembers seeing it. So if you’re ever infected with a virus, your body immediately elicits an immune response. You don’t even know you were infected because antibodies instantly take up the Corona virus that you’ve been infected with. And that’s how you’re protected by that type of vaccine. Johnson and Johnson vaccine actually uses a different type of technology. They use what’s called a viral vector in what that is. It’s a virus, the one they use is called adenovirus, 26. It’s basically a virus that’s similar to what the common cold viruses is. They genetically engineer that. So it can infect cells, but it won’t replicate inside the cells. So it can’t spread throughout your body and give you any kind of infection or whatever, but it does have inside of it , the genetic instructions like that recipe again, to make that spike protein that is used to elicit an immune response. So instead of being carried in these little fat or lipid balls, the genetic instructions are injected by that weakened virus into the arm cells. And then they make that particle, which is the spike protein of the Corona virus. And that again is identified by your other cells as being foreign in your body. And it elicits the immune response. So that’s sort of the mechanisms for the three different viruses. Again, hearing that people consider that genetic engineering, you know , I just want to set the record straight. There is no modification of your genetics or of the virus genetics. So what is happening is, as I said, it’s truly amazing. If you think about that, the cells in your body, which have all the machinery to make any kind of protein, it has the recipe for that’s what’s included on your chromosomes are all these recipes for proteins that make your eyes a certain color and your hair, a certain color, et cetera, all it’s doing is simply introducing a new recipe, which either is delivered by a harmless virus that won’t replicate or that’s provided in like this little energy bar, these little lipid fat balls, and that recipe delivered uses the cell machinery to make the part of the spike protein that causes the immune response. Sorry, that’s a long-winded answer, James. James Di Virgilio: 14:41 No, it’s a good start. So mRNA founded in 1990 or so essentially by a Hungarian scientist, she had this novel idea and then all the way up until COVID-19 was never used or approved. Should there be concern that it now for the first time is being used in a vaccination that is going to be used worldwide. If it’s never been used in the real world before. Dr. Peter Khoury: 15:04 Now, it really should not be in the reason as is it does not modify your genetics at all. It literally is just, as I said, use the mechanism of your cell to produce a protein. I’m trying to think if there’s any other comparable in either veterinary medicine and nothing’s coming right to mind. But as I said, it’s not genetic engineering by any means. It’s literally putting a small piece of messenger RNA, which is normally in your body. So your chromosomes, which are DNA are transcribed into messenger RNA, which is read to make the proteins, this just skips the DNA part and goes right to the messenger RNA. James Di Virgilio: 15:47 So we don’t have to worry as the public, as far as we can tell scientifically that this is going to turn into something that’s going to alter body chemistry cause sickness down the road have any longterm effects. As far as anyone can tell. There’s nothing about these MRNs current vaccines that we should be afraid of. Dr. Peter Khoury: 16:03 Right. And it’s new technology. You really can’t tell the future. All indications are that it’s very safe in very efficacious. The amount of clinical studies that go behind products like this before they’re released is truly tremendous. I think that there would have been clear indications as they were either studying this technology early on or as it gets further on and goes through the phase one phase two and finally phase three clinical studies that there would have been warning signs that there were problems, but certainly none have arisen yet with this technology. And if you think about it, theoretically, there really is very little, if anything that could rise from having this done, but you never know until time’s passed. James Di Virgilio: 16:55 Right? The famous French economist in the 1840s, Frederick [inaudible] would talk a lot about unintended consequences of whatever you put in place in society. There are always unintended consequences that you cannot foresee, but scientifically it is good to note like you’re mentioning as far as anyone can tell scientifically this is not injecting a large risk into your own body. It is not altering genetic code, as you mentioned. Um , and that that’s , that’s something to hang on. So now let’s talk about something more nuanced. So we have two mRNA vaccinations that are available. Obviously big advantages are it’s much faster to bring them to market logistically before we get into the other ones. Are there any hurdles with an mRNA vaccination logistically with regards to freezing or refrigeration or transport that maybe would give a more traditional vaccination at advantage and delivery and rollout ? Dr. Peter Khoury: 17:41 Yeah, actually there is. I know with the mRNA vaccines, as far as the fats surrounding it, the VLP structured itself needs to be kept at low temperatures. So would that Moderna and Pfizer vaccines, the storage in shipping was between minus 80 centigrade minus 60 centigrade. So that’s minus 112 degrees Fahrenheit to minus one 76 Fahrenheit. So that caused a lot of trouble at first for States or for injections sites and clinics because they didn’t have those special freezers. We have them because of the work we do here, but they’re just not readily available. People don’t keep these in physician offices , et cetera. But what they did do is immediately started looking at temperature changes and how long the vaccine in a sense could survive at regular refrigeration temperature or in a freezer, regular freezer. So the FDA did ease up on those requirements, but even now that vaccine still only can be held in a refrigerator for five days and then must be used within six hours of being thawed and diluted. So there is a small window, and it’s because of those VLP that ball of fatty acid , that carries, that, that makes it. So you have to have careful handling per both the Johnson and Johnson vaccine, which uses the adenovirus actually can be kept at refrigerator temperatures for up to three months. So it’s far easier to store and ship because of that. Another difference between these one, as I mentioned is a one dose vaccine and that’s the Johnson and Johnson vaccine in the Pfizer and Moderna, the vaccines are both given as a two dose series. Obviously giving one dose is much easier since there’s no follow-up visits, which involves making sure the person in the vaccine are there at the right time for dose number two. So coordinating all of that goes away, where if you do have to come back for a second dose with the Pfizer/Moderna vaccine, you obviously have to coordinate it. So the person and the doses they’re at the appropriate time to administer at , but there are clinical studies were done a little differently. So when you look at the efficacy of Pfizer and Moderna, those vaccines had a rate of effectiveness during the clinical trials of 94 to 95%. So that means that they vaccinated people and they looked for antibodies production. In those people. It makes sense . Every hundred people that we vaccinated basically 95% over, I think it was four weeks had developed immunity by , in contrast with the Johnson and Johnson or the Yansen vaccine, they said it was 85% effective against severe disease and a 100% effective at preventing death. So during their clinical trials, not one person who got the vaccine. And I think there were 44,000 died from COVID-19. And I think 100% didn’t even go to a hospital. There were some people that did have severe disease about 15%, and there were people that had what they call moderate to severe illness. So that would be in a sense they were home, not feeling well, et cetera. So it’s hard to compare apples to oranges. In this case, since one was a two dose vaccine looking purely at efficacy and production of antibodies in the other was a one dose looking at severity of illness. So getting either vaccine is a great thing to do. If you get the one dose vaccine, you don’t have to go back for a second dose, but there is some chance that if you’re exposed to COVID, you may get a mild illness from COVID. And in fact, there’s a lower chance of only 15% that you could have a severe illness from that. We don’t know if you’ll die from it, but for the 44,000 people they had in their clinical studies, I think it was 44,000. None of them died from illness. So I think those really are the main differences. There’s a little difference as far as how quickly you’re protected that Johnson and Johnson vaccine works about two weeks after people get vaccinated with Madonna and Pfizer people don’t get full protection until about two weeks after the second dose. And the second dose is usually three to four weeks after the first dose. So from the very first dose, you’re talking five to six weeks after the first dose and you’re fully protected. James Di Virgilio: 22:53 Let’s bring this down to the granular level now and get to a decision point. So let’s assume, and I’m going to throw a fourth one in here with Novavax, which may or may not come through, but it’s another different type vaccine just to give us the thought experiment of being, let’s say late August, you haven’t had a vaccination yet. And you have this choice in front of you. You essentially have the mRNA, which you’ve mentioned is Moderna and Pfizer. You have Johnson and Johnson, and then you have Novavax, which is going to be one of the most traditional and time-tested vaccinations. If it makes it again, we’re speculating here, just to give an idea of what this may look like, and you have a choice. Does it matter Dr. Khoury, which one you choose? Is it simply saying, you know, it doesn’t really matter. Take either one of these for convenience or one you can follow through on, or is there a more educated decision that needs to be made if you’re facing a choice between these let’s call them three different vaccine deployments, Dr. Peter Khoury: 23:44 Right? Of course, a choice like that is personal on whether people want it to be vaccinated or not. I would say that the first hurdle is get vaccinated. There is no doubt that vaccination protects you when it comes to the choice. And there are so many people in videos, out of people, literally on their death bed, dying of COVID by themselves, in a hospital saying, I wish I had not gone to that party. I wish I had done this or that. You may think you’re otherwise healthy, but you’re playing Russian roulette with something that impacts people in very different ways. Even though they think that I’ve never been sick in my life, this couldn’t impact me. You would be surprised at the number of younger people and other people that get this disease and either suffer long-term consequences from that, or truly die within a few weeks of contracting the virus. The question is if you had the choice of vaccines, which one based on the technology used would be better. I always tell everyone if it’s been reviewed by the FDA in the United States or the other one is the Korean FDA. Korea has an incredibly competent FDA based really off the US FDA and both are very, very good at looking at the risk and rewards of every vaccine, European union, also very particular and conscientious about looking at the impact of vaccines. So I would say that if it’s been approved by the FDA in the United States, it’s a safe and effective product . So if Novavax does get approval, I would not hold back at all on getting that vaccine versus either Moderna Pfizer or the J&J products. All of them are winners. If you get at , if you’re needle shy, obviously you may want the one dose versus the two dose. So there may be some advantages mentally for you there. If you want to make sure the odds of being protected the best look at efficacy after two doses, it’s much higher than it would be after one dose. But again, all of them are safe, effective vaccines, and the technology makes very little difference in this case. James Di Virgilio: 26:12 So the take home there is assuming that they all have FDA approval and you have that choice. The reality is you don’t need to spend a ton of time researching which one to get, because the odds are, all of them, of course are going to work for you. And there’s just different sort of personal mechanisms. Like you mentioned one dose or two things like that. But right now there’s not a significant difference that should have you necessarily favoring one over the other. If you’re looking to get a vaccine. Dr. Peter Khoury: 26:37 Right. Just based on the last sentence you mentioned, I’m not sure what the composition is of the vaccine that may come out later on this year, but I know the Moderna, the Pfizer, the J&J vaccines do not have adjutants in them. So in they’re not produced like an egg. So if you have an allergy to eggs or egg protein, it’s no issue with these vaccines. If you have been issue , there’s what are called adjuvants, they help boost the immune system with certain vaccines. None of these have this. So they’re pretty pure vaccines. Some of the older technology you’ve had to use either a chicken, eggs, or hens eggs to produce the product. I think the one you had mentioned is a Viro cell product . So it is not produced in, in hens eggs, but some of that older technology does use adjutants and other things, which is that chemical treatment. So some people have had reactions to that in the past. James Di Virgilio: 27:39 To look for individual things that maybe you yourself have an allergy to, or , or some reaction to, but all in all, if it gets FDA approval at this stage, it’s gone through the rigors. And if you want to get a vaccination again, no need to sparse out exactly which one to get. The differences are not going to be, as you mentioned significant, despite the fact that they are in fact different delivery mechanisms. Now let’s talk about different variants. This has obviously gotten a lot of news play here. When we first talked, we talked about how stable COVID-19 was. Uh , we also talked about, of course, the fact that virus has changed and that we could expect COVID-19 to change. We just didn’t know how yet, given what you’ve seen with the variants . And we know we’ve seen numbers, Johnson and Johnson is almost 70% effective against variants. Each one of these is a different number. What is this variant landscape look like to you? And I know you don’t see the future, but as of right now, if I get a vaccine tomorrow, do I have decent protection against the variants we’re aware of right now? Dr. Peter Khoury: 28:32 Yeah . It’s important that people get vaccinated as quickly as possible because the quicker we can shut down the circulation of this, the chances of it mutating in doing what I had talked about is drifting and shifting gets eliminated. So through replication, that genetics change is virus adapt to their surroundings, just like humans do. If you look back at Neanderthals and us you realize that certain people are born with traits that allow them to survive better. In certain circumstances, that’s true with virus and bacteria. It just happens thousands and thousands of times faster than we replicate. So literally in 24 hours, virus have gone through 10,000 fold replications where humans takes nine months to birth out a baby. And it literally happens so fast that these genetic changes in that adaptation to your surrounding can happen very quickly. And as long as those changes have little impact on the spike protein, that’s a protein has been utilized by all manufacturers that I can think of as the target for the immune response, then really vaccinating now should protect you against most of the variants. The variants, it wouldn’t protect against would be ones that have totally shifted away from that current spike protein configuration. So if there’s a little drifting away that protection will go down a little bit. Some people won’t be protected as well, but if there’s a major shift, it doesn’t provide any protection. Now you don’t know if that’s going to happen. I talked to other people that are experts in the field, and some believe what’ll happen is this’ll become like the yearly flu vaccine that will be able to see the shifting happening in other parts of the world. And people will just change the messenger RNA or whatever it is that’s coding for the latest variant that’s circulating around the world. And then a few years later, if it changes again, you need to get another dose of vaccine against that. I’m hoping we don’t have to do that. I’m hoping that we’re able to shut this down as quickly as possible and make it just a one-time pandemic event and basically eliminate it from the world soon. James Di Virgilio: 31:03 And that’s a great point. And that’s something again, that wisdom would say, no one knows the answer to that question, but certainly we hope that COVID is not here to stay like influenza or influenza has some mutation strains that become very famous, like the Hong Kong flu in the sixties, for example, right. That’s influenza just a different strand. It’s still here today. Obviously it’s just not that significant bumps. So that’s a , we’re all hoping for, as you mentioned, and of course, like you said, one of the best ways to make sure that happens is if everyone does get vaccinated faster than you’re going to give this virus less of a chance to make these game theory changes, to look at what humans are doing and respond and say, okay, well, I’ll do this to try to keep myself alive. Essentially you’re reducing its options. And if you’re doing this options further enough, it may just totally be gone. Of course, that is over simplification . So here’s a question for you. What happened to the flu in this flu season? The CDC records indicate that the flu is essentially non-existent despite about a million tests. You’ve had very few positive results at all. Hospital admissions are down to levels, never seen before. What does influenza and COVID have to do with each other? What does this mean for the future? Any thoughts on that? Dr. Peter Khoury: 32:10 What we may be seeing is just impacted by the distance. People keep from each other and making sure they’re washing their hands, wearing masks, all of that impact flu also the transmission of flu. So I think flu is still here. There are cases, but people have become very conscientious about spreading viral diseases during this time. I think once the unmasking happens and people are back to what we consider a normal life, I think you’ll see dlu come back to the levels that it was before. James Di Virgilio: 32:50 Yeah. It’s an interesting thing to follow, obviously, because one of the major fears was, you know, what if you had COVID and influenza stacked on top of each other, and we don’t know yet how much these things co-mingle. Do you get one and not the other, can you get both in States like Florida, which had been largely open, you still have extremely low or non-existent really statistically influenza cases. There’s just a lot that we will unpack obviously in the future. All right . Let’s ask you this big question before we talk about what you were working on to close up today’s episode. So let’s put you in hindsight mode a year ago. If you knowing what you know now had the power to implement one change to impact the outcome of what we’ve gone through in the past year or so, what would that change have been? Dr. Peter Khoury: 33:30 Hmm , I think if truly there was a chance of getting all governments in the world together. I mean, that would potentially never happen. But I think in hindsight, if they were able to take a year and take a look at where we are now and the impact that it’s had on people’s lives. So the morbidity, the mortality, the impact on economics, all of that. And you could take all the decision-makers to this time and look back. I think all of them would agree that if we literally shut the world down for a week, made everyone stay home, put in very, very serious measures, whether it was a week or even two weeks that we could have stopped this right at the beginning, it literally wouldn’t have been able to become what it did. And if you look back at countries going to use Korea as an example where they did exactly that, or China or India, here’s a country with over a billion people and boy did an impact the number of cases they had much less than we have, but it’s an inconvenience obviously to do it. And if we had done something like that worldwide for a week or two, of course, people would have been inconvenience without knowing in the future of the impact or what that could prevent from happening. So looking back and having that hindsight now it’s nothing I could have done alone or whatever, but that would have been my advice to get as many people to stay home and watch Netflix or whatever you want to do for two weeks. Just get ready, implemented day that it starts in the day and the day it ends and enforce it . James Di Virgilio: 35:10 Yeah. It’s so interesting that the topic for a whole different podcast, like you mentioned, the hindsight hindsight analysis is always undefeated because you have information you don’t have. And as you mentioned, the question then becomes, how many days is it? How long is it? What if it doesn’t work the way we think it works? So then what happens is there’s a lot of decision points, but that’s why it’s a hindsight question is knowing what we now know that it did spread, it was highly contagious. It was going to go all over the world. Of course, as with any virus, if you can isolate you reduce the spread, right? It’s like playing tag as a kid. If you’re too fast and they can’t touch you and tag you, then you’re not going to be it. And so , uh , that’s an oversimplification, but that’s a good point about potentially the future. What do you do the next time this happens and what happens if it does fade away and its own. Okay. Will you said we lost 14 days, 14 days, certainly a lot better than a year. So lots of interesting thoughts there, let’s bring this right back down to what you and your company are working on. Tell us a little bit about an update. Last time we spoke, you are working on something COVID related. Tell us what’s going on with that. Dr. Peter Khoury: 36:07 Yeah, so we work with the US government on a couple projects, specifically with the department of defense to help protect military personnel and war fighters. And so we manufacture a vaccine for COVID-19 and we manufacture what are called monoclonal antibodies, which are also utilized to protect and treat, actually treat COVID infections. Both of these are in clinical studies. Currently we are expanding here in the Gainesville area. We’re in Alachua, we’re doubling our capacity . So the construction is underway for this. And I think it’s a great opportunity for this region because of University of Florida, some of the great research that goes on at that university in gene therapy and cell therapy, and in vaccines, it makes a lot of sense for us to make an investment, expand our workforce. So we’ve almost doubled our workforce. Since I last spoke to you, we’re over 300 employees during 2021, we expect to expand by over a hundred more employees. So there’s a lot happening here. All of that, very cutting edge science and all use to provide protection against infectious diseases. James Di Virgilio: 37:34 And let me bridge a gap here, because this could be maybe the best way to end this podcast. You obviously are an established expert in this field. You’re an expert on viruses on vaccinations, on deliveries. You’ve done it for your whole career. If you saw something that you thought was risky or reckless or not good for society or the population I’m imagining you would be standing on the rooftop, shouting this out, don’t take this vaccination, don’t do this. This is not safe. That would be correct. Dr. Peter Khoury: 38:01 It’s funny, James, because those that know me well, including our employees here, know that I speak the truth, I have great courage of conviction about what I say. My father was a United Methodist minister. My mom was a nurse that took care of some of the riskiest patients and both were just devoted people to what they did. And I think one of the most important things for any human being is their own dignity and not being able to stand up for what you think is right. And when you see something that, especially if you’re a professional and you know, information, not raising your hand saying that there’s an issue in something’s wrong is not good at all. So it’s not part of my being to ever cover anything up or whatever. And that’s a philosophy actually of our business here. I attend every one of our new employee orientations. And I tell them that everyone has the right to stop the process. If you see something being wrong done, or you’ve done something wrong immediately, we will stop. We’ll look at it, figure a fix and find a way of putting a parameter around it. So it never happens again. That’s all I care about. No one’s getting fired. You’re not going to be yelled at. We’re going to find a way. So it doesn’t happen again and fix what happened. That’s all there is to it. James Di Virgilio: 39:27 Yeah. That’s such a great commitment. And I think that perhaps is something that’s really gotten lost during this pandemic, is that not everyone is on two sides of offense fighting with each other and not every expert one way or the other is out there just trying to run a political agenda. It’s safe to say that many people are doing exactly what you said. Hey, if I think this science looks good or this looks good, I’m going to say this is safe. And if it’s not, I would say the opposite. And perhaps that bridge, as we mentioned, is something to move forward as a free society in the future. We’re looking for truth via evidence and data. And recognizing, as you mentioned, there’s a lot of people with that, very commitment. You’re simply trying to follow the evidence and say, Hey, look, I think this is what’s best for you and your family. You’re my neighbor. I love you. I care for you. And this is why I’m saying that. So a wonderful stuff as always, thank you for being with us. He is Dr. Peter Khoury, the president and CEO of Ology, Bioservices. You can find them on the web with a quick Google search. And of course, as we mentioned before, your illustrious bio, an expert on vaccines and biologics, and certainly one of our favorite guests here on the Radio Cade podcast. Thank you for spending a considerable amount of time with us today, Dr. Khoury. Dr. Peter Khoury: 40:29 Always my pleasure, James, thank you. James Di Virgilio: 40:31 And for Radio Cade I’m James Di Virgilio. Outro: 40:35 Radio Cade is produced by the Cade Museum for Creativity and Invention located in Gainesville FL. This podcast episodes host was James Di Virgilio and Ellie Thom coordinates, inventor interviews, podcasts are recorded at Heardwood Soundstage, and edited and mixed by Bob McPeak. The Radio Cade theme song was produced and performed by Tracy Collins and features violinists , Jacob Lawson.

This is The EdUp Experience President Series, Episode #22 - In this episode, we welcome the President of Unity College, Dr. Melik Peter Khoury. Melik talks to us about how Unity College provides their students with options on how, when and where they want to learn. He also discusses why he began to heavily invest in technology over 6 years ago to remove the false dichotomy of in-person and remote learning. Dr. Melik Peter Khoury is Unity College's 11th president serving first as acting president in 2015 and then president beginning in 2016. He began work at Unity College in 2012 and held several executive positions prior to becoming president. Since taking the helm in 2015 he has expanded the academic scope of the college by launching five new majors and overseeing the creation and then expansion of the Distance Education Sustainable Education Business Unit (SEBU) which now includes Bachelors' Degree offerings as well as Masters' Degrees. Thanks so much for tuning in. Join us again next time for another episode! Contact Us! Connect with the hosts - Elvin Freytes, Elizabeth Leiba, and Dr. Joe Sallustio ● If you want to get involved, leave us a comment or rate us! ● Join the EdUp community at The EdUp Experience! ● Follow us on Instagram | LinkedIn | Twitter | YouTube Thanks for listening! We make education your business!

Sit back, relax and watch us pretty much roast Peter for 1 hour. In this episode we talk everything from how to get banned on Grindr to who pays the bill when he goes on dates with guys. We discuss open relationships and if we would be okay with our partner banging someone else. From coming out of the closet to ironically having to put someone BACK in the closet, we spill ALL the tea... ok fine it's vodka, but be sure to drink with us !

What is a vaccine? How long will it take to get one for COVID-19? Are there are other alternatives? What about herd immunity? Our guest is Dr. Peter Khoury, the President and CEO of Ology Bioservices Inc. He is an expert on vaccines and biologics and during his 30-year career, he has worked for the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Merck, and Baxter International. Dr. Khoury has involved in international forums on vaccines, pandemic planning, and biodefense preparation. TRANSCRIPT: Intro: 0:01 Inventors and their inventions. Welcome to Radio Cade the podcast from the Cade Museum for Creativity and Invention in Gainesville, Florida. The museum is named after James Robert Cade, who invented Gatorade in 1965. My name is Richard Miles. We’ll introduce you to inventors and the things that motivate them, we’ll learn about their personal stories, how their inventions work and how their ideas get from the laboratory to the marketplace. James Di Virgilio: 0:37 Welcome to another special edition of radio Cade. I’m your host James Di Virgilio. Today we’ll be discussing vaccinations and COVID-19, there’s a lot of information, misinformation questions that you have that we have. And with us today, we have an expert in the subject of not only vaccinations, but also manufacturing them. Dr. Peter Khoury. He is the president and CEO of Ology Bioservices Inc and that is located in Alachua, Florida. He’s been involved with vaccines and biologics for a majority of the 30 year career employed by organizations, such as the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation, Merck and Company and Baxter international. Dr. Khoury has been an invited speaker for many international forums concerning vaccines. Pandemic planning, biodefense preparation, and has worked on global threat programs against biologics with many ministries of health and oversight committees for large events, such as the Olympic committee. Dr. Khoury, thank you so much for joining us today. Dr. Peter Khoury: 1:34 Thank you for inviting me. James Di Virgilio: 1:35 So the role now that you and Ology are playing in the COVID-19 crisis is essentially to manufacture vaccinations amongst other things which are going to unpack, but it seems prudent to start with asking a simple question, but one that is now talked about a lot. What is a vaccine? Dr. Peter Khoury: 1:54 Probably the simplest answer is a vaccine is a protein that stimulates your immune system to induce immunity or induce antibodies. It’s exactly as if you were exposed to the disease. So when a healthcare worker gives a vaccination, they’re exposing your immune system to something that looks very similar to a particular virus or bacteria, which helps your immune system then react quickly when you’re exposed to the real infection, it has, what’s called immune memory and it remembers, ah , I’ve seen this before and it starts immediately in a sense, producing these antibodies to fight that infection. James Di Virgilio: 2:46 Now , these viruses, I’m a big fan of game theory are essentially alive in a sense, right? They’re adapting, they’re changing and your body’s doing the same. So if you get a good vaccine and it produces the proper, it’s possible that the virus then counters that with a different response of sorts, right? Depending on what we’re looking at, Dr. Peter Khoury: 3:06 It’s amazing that a virus can be that smart, that it quickly can adapt, or it’s in a sense survivor of the fittest. It’s just like an antibiotic. When you have antibiotic resistant organisms, let’s say you have a hundred bacteria and you put an antibiotic on it. It kills 99 of them, but there’s one that has a genetic sequence that makes that a little more difficult to kill. And if you don’t take the full 10 days of the antibiotics, that one tends to still live a little bit and start rowing . And all of a sudden you’ve got a big colony of this that is intermediately resistant. And then you take another dose of antibiotics for another 10 days, but only take five days of it. And you think it’s gone away out of those hundred. There’s one that’s now resistant. So it’s surprising how bacteria or virus can quickly adapt. It’s a numbers game is really what it is. There’s genetic mutations that will cause one of those virus to have mutated enough that it’s getting around your immune system in there for it’s called drifting and shifting when it does that. And you see that with influenza in a sense every year. And it’s a big guessing game on which strains of flu are included in the flu vaccine every year. If you’re lucky, you end up targeting a protein in the vaccine that does not mutate, and then you’re golden , you don’t have to worry about. James Di Virgilio: 4:42 And that’s a lot of what’s going on right now with COVID-19. So on one hand, you read articles, we’ve found the sequencing, we know what’s going on. And then on the other hand you read yet, but that’s really a small portion of the battle. We don’t know how it’s going to react when it’s put into live testing with human patients and subjects. When we’re talking about vaccinations, how successful against a novel virus like this one, which I believe shares a genome with SARS one to a large extent, but how successful are we? Once we identify step one, this is what it looks like and is at getting it to actually work in people. Dr. Peter Khoury: 5:17 That’s a great question. We are very fortunate as it seems that this Corona viruses not doing any real shifting or drifting at all, and you are correct. So the SARS and mirrors virus, so the sudden acute respiratory syndrome in the Mideast respiratory system viruses were also Corona viruses, which are a, I think it’s a genus or a species of virus themselves. And this is just another one. Now this one, for some reason, the human to human transmission has really taken off. And that’s why we’ve now see this pandemic. And they watch this pandemic cascade around the world. If there were this shifting or drifting, they’d be able to take samples from different areas and find out when they run a DNA gels, that there has been some changes in the sequences, but they’re not seeing that at all. So that’s very fortunate that we don’t see up that allows them vaccine R and D personnel to try many different approaches to developing a vaccine. And the most common youth approaches in the past were what they called an inactivated vaccine or killed vaccine, which they take it and they either irradiated or they chemically treat it till it’s killed. And then they inject it into you and your body will develop antibodies against that, or what’s called a live attenuated vaccine, which they select specifically for a strain of that virus that when you’re infected with it, you get what’s called a subclinical infection. You develop antibodies, but for some reason you don’t end up getting the fever and the respiratory problems and all of that. Instead, you just sorta produce the antibodies for it. And so those are widely used, but there are now some very complicated ways of addressing tough issues with vaccines. HIV for example, that’s been around since early eighties and still, there’s not a vaccine available for that. I always look at that as the big mystery for developing a vaccine, we were awarded a contract for what’s called a DNA vaccine, and this was with a company called Anovo. And this is one of those very complex approaches, which we feel very confident will work, where they take a piece of DNA that codes for what’s called a spike protein. They put it in a plasmid in, this is then put in a syringe and injected using a special type of what’s called electroporation, where it opens up your cell to take in this little piece of DNA in this circle called a plasmid and it uses your own cellular system to make the protein. So your body starts producing this protein, some of your cells do. And then your other cells that normally produce antibody will see this protein being made and start producing antibody against it. So it’s a unique approach. It can be done very quickly and low cost, and that seem important thing. And one of the reasons why this approach is being looked at. James Di Virgilio: 8:41 Now, how often would this type of approach be used and things people are familiar with vaccinations for like an influenza. And , and if you don’t know anything about vaccines and you’re more like me, like you mentioned, there’s like seven or eight or nine or 10 different types. There’s different ways you can create a vaccine. This is one of them. How often has this been used successfully in other. Dr. Peter Khoury: 9:02 So it’s very novel. I don’t know of a DNA vaccine yet that has been put on the market because it’s such a new approach. And in fact, if you look at all the vaccines that have been available for the last 30 years, all of them basically fit into five different approaches. The two that I had mentioned, and then there’s conjugation. There’s, polysaccharide, there’s another one that is escaping me just basically four or five different ways that vaccines are currently manufactured. So some of the ones that people are talking about now are these very novel biotech approaches that appear to be safer, faster, lower cost, ways of vaccinating. So I’m excited that this innovations finally being used and may produce a vaccine that is both affordable, can be produced in large quantity and available may be sooner than some of the older methods used. James Di Virgilio: 10:04 And let’s unpack some of that because if we were to find using a traditional method, the actual vaccine that works, we have to go through these different phases. So step one, we’re going to start with maybe animal testing or something similar. I know chicken eggs tends to be a big one with a lot of things, but you can’t do that with coronavirus. So that’s a problem that doesn’t work. And then I know that in only 16% of the cases, do you make it from phase one to phase three, with a working vaccine? And then how often does your vaccine work? It might only work 50% of the time. And is that good enough? Right? So you have all these hurdles to overcome. That’s why it takes a long time. 18 months tends to be the soonest. People think it can happen. How different is that with your solution potentially. Dr. Peter Khoury: 10:44 So ours also about 18 months, just the clinical study. So not talking about the preclinical animal studies, but when you actually get to the point where you’re starting to inject it in humans, it’s usually between six and eight years to get through the phase one, two and three. So phase one normally is just a very small study with a few adults to make sure that it’s safe. And they do some where they look at the effectiveness on those few people. And if no one kills over in a sense, or they’re getting some kind of immune response and there’s at least something that they can measure, they’ll go into phase two, which is larger, maybe a couple hundred people in some of those are age appropriate. Then. So if they’re trying to go down to infants, they’ll then throw in a few infants into that study and they’ll do, what’s called a dose ranging study and look at what’s the optimal dose that you would use for them. And they really start looking at the side effects and other things cause they have a larger pool to draw from once that’s through and they get the go ahead to go on to phase three, they go into this much larger trial than some of these, especially with infants can be tens of thousands because they’re trained to pick up the background noise, a very small number of crucial side effects that potentially could happen. And they’re taking very detailed measurements of how safe and effective it could be. Once it gets to that, it goes in front of the FDA. It gets approval for use or rejected, but usually by then, they’ve spent hundreds of millions of dollars. Hopefully it gets approved, but even then many companies commit to what’s called a phase four study, which is a post-marketing commitment to follow up with people that have been vaccinated and also submit to the FDA. Anytime there’s adverse events, send them information. So they keep track of it also. So it’s very useful. I’ve got to say for every vaccine that goes through, there’s probably 50 that don’t make it to the market. So there’s a lot of money spent on R and D. Our government’s been very good at funding, quite a bit of novel R and D, which has been great. Healthcare is expensive. There’s no doubt. We’re one of the few countries that really support innovative research and development. And I hope that people still continue to do that. I think that any shorter than a year and a half to do those studies, you would have to do it on what’s called a patient name basis where people would have to sign a form and say, I understand it hasn’t been fully tested, but I’m willing to take it untested because the risk benefit ratio to me is such that I’m willing to take on that risk. James Di Virgilio: 13:39 And that’s something like Ebola, right? When Ebola came out, people were saying, well, we can’t even have a control study because nobody wants to placebo. Just give me a chance with this vaccine versus letting this run its course, which creates difficulty in developing a vaccine. How often are these vaccine side effects worse than what we’re dealing with? Is that something that’s frequent or is it pretty unlikely that even a testing vaccine is worse than what someone would already have? Dr. Peter Khoury: 14:04 That’s a great question too. The only one that I can think of that they had some problems with. And if you go back and look at the data in hindsight, they had overreacted. Some was with the original Rotavirus vaccine, which is a terrible issue. It’s a diarrheal disease that infants get. And when they first did the studies, the studies looked fine, but it wasn’t picking up these incidents of what’s called intussusception, which is when the intestines fold in on themselves. And once they started using it widely around the United States, within the first two or three months, I had all these infants die of this intussusception they immediately pulled the vaccine from the market. People were in an uproar, but more children died of Rotavirus. And another great example is when you look at polio vaccine, so polio, which still hasn’t been eradicated, there’s still a few places around the world that have polio. They were using oral polio vaccine for years, but in one, in a million cases, when a child gets oral polio vaccine, it converts back into wild type polio. And the child actually ends up getting polio. So one in a million children end up getting polio from the vaccine, but the other 999,999 children are all protected and fine, but they were so upset about that one child that a lot of money has been spent to develop alternate vaccines for polio. James Di Virgilio: 15:41 Yeah. I find that to be interesting. And I’m really glad we’re talking about this now, because to me, everything in life is a risk reward continuum. It’s very rare that you get a very pure two. Plus two is four here all the time. This is the obvious decision. Most often, it’s that sort of decision. Well, if we do nothing, we have this. And if we do something it’s possible that we have this side effect, we don’t know, but what is better than starting with our baseline. And that’s a really good contextual answer. So it sounds like the majority of vaccines are not generally super risky, worse than what we’re trying to fix, but maybe they’re not as effective as others. So if I’m a company, big pharma or otherwise, and I want to manufacture this, right, we have the lab that discovers the vaccine. They come to me and they say, James, we want you to manufacture this. How likely am I to take this on? Because the numbers seem very low. It seems likely I’m going to lose a lot of money and not all of these outbreaks we’re dealing with. Come back again. So maybe I develop a vaccine and now it’s sort of just gone. How likely is it for companies to want to fund these initiatives? Dr. Peter Khoury: 16:39 That also was a great question because all we know right now is that we’re having a pandemic and we’re not clear whether it’s flattened out or not personally, I don’t think it has yet. And I think still may be the worst is yet to come. And I hope it doesn’t act like a influenza, a pandemic where you get a small wave. And then a few months later, maybe this fall or a little later, you get a much larger wave that travels around the world and will kill hundreds of millions instead of a million or two. So I’m just hoping this does not happen or that it takes on the route that influenza does where it’s North hemisphere for half the year, then goes down to the Southern hemisphere, then swings back up to the North. They’re not quite sure because we haven’t had the experience yet with this Corona virus. What they do now is it’s not like SARS. It’s not like MERS where it was here for a few months and then suddenly just sort of disappeared. This just seems to be staying. So with that, the question is, will it become a yearly vaccine for people. Will there eventually be some drifting of it. So they’ll have to be a new vaccine every year. How profitable will it be for companies? Will companies start looking at other emerging infectious diseases and start the research and development earlier, or will the government fund that early research and development? Because there are emerging infectious diseases around the world that we don’t have in the United States, but make some background noises in other areas that could easily be the next coronavirus . So when do you start investing in that? So you’re a year ahead of where you are now. James Di Virgilio: 18:32 And that’s a great topical point to discuss. You mentioned something earlier about research being done, and I’m not sure how many people know this, but the medical research done in the US and innovative work like you’re mentioning is a hundred times or whatever the number is. It’s so significantly more than anywhere else in the world. If you look at that graph, it’s the US and everyone else is tiny. I think Germany is second on that. And their infinitesimal compared to what’s done here. There’s a lot of negative emotions around what big pharma and other stuff does. And we’re not going to get into that. Other than to say that it is a fact that so many dollars in this country go towards trying to solve these problems. And then here we are with things that are unpredictable to a certain end. Now you worked for what maybe now has become the most famous right kind of foundation. There is with the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation, looking at trying to solve this problem. Bill Gates has been beating this drum for a long time. This is the biggest threat to humanity. What you just mentioned was sort of getting ahead of this. Is there a way for us, was there a way for us, will there be a way for us to sort of prescriptively try to get ahead of some of these things you just mentioned, things that are bubbling up elsewhere, we know kind of exist. How do we do that? Dr. Peter Khoury: 19:34 So there actually is a list that is kept by the government. The CDC has one, the world health organization has one . If you go on their websites, they talk about emerging infectious diseases. And in fact, the Gates foundation has an area that focuses on these emerging infectious diseases also. And so people do keep tabs on those large pharma, looks at them and says, there’s no value to us because we lose money, investing on things that we think are going to be valuable, but it’s just hard to solve the problem. You think of the billions of dollars that have been spent on HIV vaccine instill of course one is not available. So they think about that, but then they look at something that’s just emerging, especially if it’s in the developing world, they say, it’s just not worth that someone else should fund it. Gates foundation, fortunately does, which is great. The welcome trust is another, that does. So there are some that do that funding. The US government will fund some of them. If they feel that there may be a threat of it, either coming to the US especially some of the vector diseases that are transmitted through ticks or through mosquitoes, or could be used in biodefense, which is another area that people don’t pay that much attention to. We remember the anthrax scare and what happened. Then that’s another area that I think probably needs more focus from all governments. So both pandemic planning for other things than just influenza in also good preparation for biodefense. James Di Virgilio: 21:17 And there’s this interesting thing. When you think about humanity, that always strikes me. I’m an investor professionally, and with investing, nothing is black and white. It’s a lot of study of people and behavior and things that we know to be true. And one thing that is definitely true is we’re not very good at predicting anything as humans. In fact, we’re the most accurate at predicting the weather and we can go about 48 hours before that falls off a cliff of actually being significant statistically. So when it comes to these really complicated problems, I often think of the three body problem. You can know A, and you can know B and you can know everything about factor A and factor B, but you can’t know C you just can’t know where it is. And I think people sometimes pale to understand how complicated and chaotic these systems are. And just because we know A, and B does not mean that we can ever predict C, it’s not easy. It’s not simple. It’s not a one week or one month process. And even with our best foresight efforts, we may never get the prediction. Correct. And then there goes a lot of money into something that may yield nothing, right? And you’re kind of always doing this where, like you mentioned, do I put my dollar? So now that we’re facing COVID-19 and actively, we know we need to solve this problem. The engines are running, the creativity is going, innovation is happening. You are mentioning something that’s brand new right now with regards to trying to save this. And then there are also some other techniques out there. Tell me about using plasma from recovering patients to protect the most seriously ill what’s going on with that. Dr. Peter Khoury: 22:41 Yea I know that that has been on the news and it is an effective way of treating. So what they do is they take convalescent plasma from patients that have recovered, because it has antibodies in it. And those include antibodies that protect against COVID-19. And it’s a fast way of developing. What’s referred to as hyper immune state, where you have more antibodies than normally your body would produce. So they take the most ill people in, they’ll put in this convalescent plasma, which they know contains these antibodies while they contain a lot of antibodies and other things. But for sure it contains the antibodies that help that person recover from COVID-19 and it boosts their immune system of the target patient. That downside is the possibility of their body in a sense rejecting it, it can cause a negative immune response due to something in that plasma or in this has happened in the past a yet to be identified foreign item, which could cause issues to recipients later on. And that’s with anything that’s blood related. I mean, we saw it with HIV at the very beginning where people were getting blood transfusions, you saw with it mad cow disease at times where prions were transmitted through blood transfusions, but there is another solution. And actually we’re working on it. We were given a grant to work with the Vanderbilt University medical center to produce what’s called a monoclonal antibody. So what they do is they take the antibodies from a convalescent patient, and they’re able to find out which specific antibody is the one that works the best. And they clone only select for the cell or the piece of DNA that produces that protein, that codes for that antibody. And they’re able to replicate that in produce just that one antibody, and you can do it in big fermentors or bio-reactors. And you produce these monoclonal antibodies, which are all exactly the same and mass produced . Those had a fairly low cost that can be much faster than vaccines. Now you may see monoclonals before the end of the year, and those most likely will go to healthcare professionals, those immediately on the frontline for protection, and also those that are most critically ill would get these monoclonal antibodies. Those will definitely be lifesavers. And I suspect that the first will be out quite a bit before the vaccine will be, James Di Virgilio: 25:30 That’s like a triage solution, but not the best longterm. Is that a three ? Dr. Peter Khoury: 25:35 Yeah. It’s not long term because eventually your body will remove those antibodies. So you’re talking a few weeks protection when you’re talking a vaccine, you’re talking usually a much longer term protection of years, if not the rest of your life, sometimes vaccines. If they elicit a longterm immune response, you only get them once. And that’s that you’re protected the rest of your life. James Di Virgilio: 25:59 So the way out of this is seemingly to have a vaccine. That’s what people are saying. Dr. Peter Khoury: 26:03 It is. James Di Virgilio: 26:03 The world’s not going to truly relax into, we have a vaccine or this just maybe mysteriously disappears, which seems very unlikely at this point. Dr. Peter Khoury: 26:10 Right? And even if it disappeared, there’s always the chance of it coming back. The same with SARS , the same with MERS. I mean, all of those could somehow reappear. James Di Virgilio: 26:23 So we need to get a vaccine. We know that it takes a long time to actually manufacture a vaccine because it’s not that simple. It’s not like we have all the supply available in the world to produce a vaccine. We can’t just in a day, produce enough to give to the whole world. Right. So even when we get it right, it takes a while to actually produce enough to give out to all the people that need these vaccines. Here we are in the US in a country that has all of these resources. What if we’re not in the U S what if we’re in a developing country? What does it look like for them? Dr. Peter Khoury: 26:49 Yeah. So in the US yeah, we’re fortunate. We have a lot of vaccine manufacturers, large manufacturers here, and in the time of pandemic borders closed down. And so if you don’t have vaccine manufacturing on your soil, it can be a real issue. That’s times where the, WHO, UNICEF the large manufacturers get together and say, we need to do something for the developing world. And they actually will donate vaccines that are used in those areas. I know of some manufacturing processes, and we actually in our building bring in some of these new types of manufacturing, just on a trial basis. And some of them are small enough that they literally could be put in a shipping container and take into areas where vaccine needs to be produced immediately. But then you run into problems with clean water and power and other things. But someone has taken the first step to develop a concept of manufacturing that now whether you can get a turn on solar power and you ship in water, where that, or you make the manufacturing process somehow different, I think eventually they’ll have something that is a vaccine in a box that you could ship to these countries that will produce low cost vaccine very quickly. The smartest thing right now is to stockpile vaccine. If you can, if you’re a country and you have the wealth to do it, and you don’t have vaccine manufacturing, if there’s a chance for like the release of smallpox , for something as a bio threat, you may want to stock pile some of that vaccine, because if it ever happened, you’re going to wish you had. James Di Virgilio: 28:44 Right. I have something there. So herd immunity is talked about a lot, right? I’ve seen that we need maybe 50 to 60% of the population to have herd immunity. And it seems like there’s a lot of misconceptions starting with the UK, which that was their original strategy. Then they kind of shifted away from it. Now, maybe going to go back to selective release, to build herd immunity, assuming that this goes more of the route of HIV for a little bit, it takes longer than 18 months to get a vaccine, or are we able to build herd immunity without a vaccine? Or is this something where we would just continually have recurring outbreaks of the same significant level year after year? Dr. Peter Khoury: 29:21 It depends on what the virus does. If the virus goes away, you’ll never develop herd immunity. Just the people that happened to come down with it . The same with SARS. I’m curious if someone had SARS, are they immune to this Corona virus? That’d be interesting. I’m sure someone’s looked at it because there may be some cross reactivity, the two, but eventually enough people would be infected and recovered that you’d reach that 50 or 60% mark. And then it’s again, a game of numbers where the virus no longer is transmitted rampantly through the population. And so exposure risk goes down dramatically. When you reach that. The other approach, when you do have vaccines or monoclonal antibodies, is you do ring vaccination, where you find an area where people are infected and around it, you vaccinate everyone in the area. And so it’s contained. And that actually has been shown to work very, very well. Now, if in Wu Han, they had identified and raise their hand very early and put something in place where they either stop the movement of people within that area, which is probably all they could do. Then it probably could have been restricted much, much more, or if there was a vaccine available, vaccinating everyone around the city and making sure people didn’t move out until they were over it. James Di Virgilio: 30:49 Right. And that’s the key is stopping the transmission. If we have five people that are immune, got a vaccine there, then all of a sudden you have the one sick person, the virus can’t get passed on, which is obviously the goal. So let’s spend just a few minutes talking about something that maybe is been confused or is confusing. Are we flattening the curve, therefore reducing the total number of people that will get this, or are we just shifting the total number of people to get this to a lower monthly average? So basically same total are going to get it regardless, but we’re just spreading it out. Dr. Peter Khoury: 31:19 See we never know again, because we don’t know if the virus will just dissipate and disappear. If it doesn’t then as you lower the curve, you’re maybe spreading it out. But when you spread it out like that, the vaccine comes out a year and a half later, then there’s a lot of people that still can be vaccinated that haven’t had it. And so there’s a much lower risk that they’re going to get it and then die, or have significant morbidity in mortality from the actual disease itself. So flattening the curve helps in two ways. One is if the virus stops circulating, more people were suffered the consequences of having the disease. The other is if it continues to circulate, you’re buying yourself time to get something that could, in a sense, truncate people getting sick, which would be the vaccine in this case, James Di Virgilio: 32:14 Is there a consideration to extreme flattening of the curve, which we know will potentially lead to more people, not getting it in the short term, but with the other side, which is how much damage do you do to society. And there seems to be two effects. We have Spanish influenza where most cities did nothing, and they took the full brunt of that peak, heavy hits, 50 million die. And then you have what we’re doing now, which is the first world’s response to really do exactly what you just said. Is there a balance and consideration as a medical person, do you think of what do we do over here economically, if everyone loses their job for a year, or is there just, this is the way we have to do it in order to reduce these cases? Dr. Peter Khoury: 32:51 That’s a real difficult one because as I look around me and I see the unemployment rates skyrocket 10%, 10% last night, I was listening to the news and I just couldn’t believe that it’s gone up so much and that’s just in the US let alone other countries. And I think it’s going to definitely cause a global bump, how quickly we recover from that. I think we’re pretty wrestling and the whole world will recover, but all of the ships are going down at the same time. So the question is, how much impact does it really have on the economy? If the whole globe is shrinking, if everyone’s economies being hit by the same thing. And that’s the part I don’t understand is it could be a lot worse if it were just the US and everyone else was still thriving. That probably would be even worse for us. But when everyone’s going through the same hurt, it’s still bad. There’s no doubt about it because production’s down. People just don’t feel like they’re productive, which is also a mindset thing. It’s, it’s not good for anyone. That’s a real tough question to ask, but there is a trade off there. There’s no doubt about it. And if there were a way to protect everyone and they could go to work, and we knew that they stopped shaking hands and everyone stayed exactly six feet away from each other, eventually the virus would go away. James Di Virgilio: 34:20 And I think that’s, what’s interesting is we tend to look at these things in static environments, but the reality is every day we’re learning more. And , and even though we know that maybe there could be, like you said, a rebound in the fall, everything we’re learning every day helps to apply how we might return to normalcy. And I think one thing I’ve really learned is that we respond very well as humans. We’re not good predictors. We’re excellent responders. We’re very creative. We’re great problem solvers, but we have to have the problem in front of us, which we now have. And like you mentioned, I think the doomsday scenarios of us flattening the curve and no one doing anything for months is probably unrealistic because there will be some tactical solutions to get people back. Bill Gates, himself, I saw just said, I think a day or two ago that the global economic reaction to this will not be immediate recovery. This will take time, which I think he’s totally correct. And there’s also something else that I think has gotten lost in this, whether the government should have reacted faster or slower or whatever the case may be. Some things in life are beyond our grasp to understand right away, could China to something earlier. Absolutely, will that hopefully be a model for the world later? Yes, but we don’t have a clear solution forward. Like you mentioned, we hope that we’re thinking of the trade offs. If I choose this course of action, hopefully I won’t bankrupt the whole world, but if I don’t choose that course of action, how many more people get it right now? Can we handle every, all these questions? They’re very difficult to answer. And so I think day by day is the course to say, what’s the new data say, what are we doing? And ultimately, when it comes to a vaccination, is it helpful to have more testing at all? Or do we already have all that we need on the vaccination front to get all that research done? Testing is irrelevant to actually developing a vaccine. Dr. Peter Khoury: 35:51 I think testing is very important. There’s no doubt about it, but how much of it can be done concomitantly with administering it to people that are at high risk, let’s say so that’s when you get into that whole risk benefit again. So the very first people in the phase one and two, should they be the emergency room workers cause you now, Hey, if it works, that’s great for them. If it doesn’t work, maybe a few will have some issues, but there’s a chance that it’s going to work because some of these are pretty tried and true methods. It’s a real trade off. And it all comes down to that risk and benefit. People tend to like pointing their fingers at the FDA, but the FDA has a job of keeping people safe. And when you’re administering in our country, over 300 million doses of this, they give a vaccine to every person in the country. That’s a lot of people, that’s a lot of lives that you’re taking responsibility for, but there is an urgency to , so again, there it’s that whole risk benefit. James Di Virgilio: 36:55 Right? And I tend to be someone who thinks central governing organizations are slow and inefficient in general. Because again, it’s hard for us to prescriptively know what’s going on, but in times like these there’s things that I think are being done well, which the FDA has greatly relaxed the hurdles that exist to create a vaccine. So no matter how you feel about the FDA, if you’re more like me, the things I’d like to see it be a little more expedited in times it’s happening now. And in fact, I think it’s safe to say, if we just got rid of the FDA right now, it sounds like the vaccination time wouldn’t be any faster than 18 months at this point in time. Or if it was, it wouldn’t be significantly more, right ? So we can take that off the table. The FDA is not going to materially affect the speed with which we’re creating a vaccine for COVID-19, which is a good thing to get out there. All right . This has been a wonderful wide ranging expert discussion on vaccinations. Certainly we applaud Ology for doing something that’s brand new, which is really neat, right? This DNA vaccination. We look forward to hearing more about this as we go on to conclude the podcast. Is there anything that we haven’t talked about yet that you feel is something you’d like to discuss? Dr. Peter Khoury: 37:57 I feel like I’m the most fortunate CEO in the world. I lead a company that is still privately held and with a large majority of our shareholders that are current or past employees. So many of them are really dedicated individuals. It really see the value that we bring to the market, not just bottom line profits. It allows us to truly support programs where we can combine the measurement of profitability and potential life saved to what Gates foundation does when we decide I’m bringing in new work. So I mentioned that we do work with the government and we do a lot of commercial work with everything from small laboratories to large multinationals. But we also do work for NGLs is like the Gates foundation and others. That really is not all that profitable. And I know that these doses are going to developing world countries and whatever, but my team who, as I said, are everyone that joined their company is given options for shares. The first day they joined, because I believe that if they’re invested in the company, that they will always do the right thing, they’ll always raise their hand when there’s an issue. And they’ll make sure that we have the best quality and we’re the safest. And they’re the ones that agreed that they don’t mind taking a little less money if we’re helping to save lives in doing so. So I’m still proud of them in taking that mindset on it. It’s a lot of the younger, what I’d call millennials, the younger crowd that really likes that. And when we bring in new programs, we have to sit everyone down and explain to them exactly what it is and how it’s used and what the diseases and how many people died , because they want to understand exactly how they’re helping the world and God bless them for doing it. James Di Virgilio: 39:58 Yeah. Love your neighbor as yourself. Right. And there’s a lot of that going on now, there’s one silver lining to something like COVID-19, it does bring the world together and makes you recognize there’s really no such thing as race or gender difference or things like that. Because at the end of the day, we’re a human race and we’re all people and this virus doesn’t care. It doesn’t at all about the fact that you’re a different color from someone else that does care that you are human. And like you mentioned, we can care for our neighbors. We can care for those that have less resources than we have. And we should use that if we have the ability to assist. And the culture at your company obviously is doing that from day one, which will I’m sure leads you to better results in the long run. Anyway. Dr. Peter Khoury: 40:34 It, will I’m sure. Thank you. James Di Virgilio: 40:36 Dr. Peter Khoury. Thank you so much for joining us. This has been absolutely fantastic. We’ve certainly enjoyed visiting with you and for Radio Cade. I’m James Di Virgilio. Outro: 40:45 Radio Cade is produced by the Cade Museum for Creativity and Invention located in Gainesville, Florida. This podcast episodes host was James Di Virgilio and Ellie Thom coordinates, inventor interviews, podcasts are recorded at Heartwood Soundstage, and edited and mixed by Bob McPeak. The Radio Cade theme song was produced and performed by Tracy Collins and features violinist, Jacob Lawson.

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OnDeckWithCoachCameron – Podcast Show: Ep:35 Expert Interview with Peter Khoury from Magnetic Speaking by Cameron Roberts – 32min Podcast. Tune in as Peter and Cameron discuss how to become a magnetic speaker, what makes a great presentation, the art of story telling, how to influence others as a leader and more… If you've ever dreamed of becoming speaker or professional trainer – you'll want to... SourceThe post Ep:35 Expert Interview with Peter Khoury from Magnetic Speaking by Cameron Roberts appeared first on Marketing Consultant and Business Mentor.

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