Podcasts about us imperialism

“There are decades where nothing happens; and there are weeks where decades happen.”This presentation by Joel Bergman outlines the key processes shaping the class struggle in Canada. The changing world situation, and in particular the relative decline of US Imperialism, leaves Canadian capitalism in a dead end. Mounting government debt, a looming recession, inflation, and low productivity weigh heavy on Canada's economy. Carney is stuck with an economy which is uncompetitive and which requires massive investment. In order to invest, the capitalists are demanding cuts to wages, social programs, and public spending. This will inevitably push the working class to defend against attacks on their standard of living. The road is being prepared for class battles ahead. The fault lines of capitalism are beginning to crack. This is being expressed through the rise of separatism in Alberta, renewed talk of Quebec independence, and the heating up of the Indigenous movement. Everywhere, people are looking for ideas, for answers. Canada is broken, and someone will be made to pay for the crisis. The question is, "who pays?"This presentation served as the introduction to a discussion on "Canada and the new world order", as part of the Third congress of the RCP. The discussion was based around our 2026 perspectives document (linked below), which was amended and approved by the congress.

Miguel is joined by Alexander Aviña — associate professor of Latin American and Mexican history at Arizona State University and author of Specters of Revolution: Peasant Guerrillas in the Cold War Mexican Countryside — for a deep conversation where fútbol and imperialism collide. First, Alexander breaks down Mexico's World Cup-hosting history, linking the 1970 tournament to the 1968 Tlatelolco massacre and 1986 to the 1985 Mexico City earthquake and public jeering of PRI presidents, while noting protests during 1986 and Sócrates' solidarity gestures as Maradona worked his magic on the pitch. They compare those political tensions to the upcoming 2026 tournament. Alexander and Miguel also break down the younger, Liga MX and Euro club-heavy Selección Nacional Mexicana roster, what home-field advantage at Azteca could mean, and why FIFA's hyper capitalist grip on this tournament — from displaced vendors and street workers in Mexico City to $30,000 World Cup final tickets in the US — has both Miguel and Alexander feeling less excited about this World Cup than any before.Miguel and Alexander also dig into the CNN and New York Times reporting on CIA-linked assassination operations targeting cartel figures on Northern Mexican soil, asking whether the line between intelligence sharing and outright foreign intervention has already been crossed. They also break down Mexico's Ministry of Public Education, reversing its plan to end the school year early for the World Cup, the US State Department's announced review of all 53 Mexican consulates and the far-right conspiracy theory behind it, and the broader Trump administration push to install a right-wing political order across Latin America — from Venezuela to Cuba to Mexico.Lastly, Miguel and Alexander discuss the contradictions of being a politically conscious Fútbol fan: rooting hard for El Tri while critiquing the mega-event capitalist FIFA machine hosted in the imperial core. Links:* Specters of Revolution by Alex Aviña* Cursed? Always let down? Whatever the truth, Mexican support is unconditional -The Athletic * Mexico agrees to host Iran at World Cup instead of US - BBC Sport  * U.S. and Mexican Officials Deny C.I.A. Had Lethal Role in Mexico Operation - New York Times  * State Department reviewing all Mexican consulates in U.S. as tensions grow - CBS News  * Ministry of Education Backtracks; Social Pressure Derails Plan to End School Year Early - Mexico Solidarity Media * President Sheinbaum Calls on US Ambassador to Limit Himself to Bilateral Coordination & Collaboration - Mexico Solidarity Media * Anti-Fascist Football Coalition Website Miguel Garcia and Comrade E produced this episode. The Sports As A Weapon Podcast is part of the @Anticonquista Media Collective. Subscribe to the ANTICONQUISTA Patreon and follow ANTICONQUISTA on YouTube, Instagram, and Facebook.All the video episodes are on the ATICONQUISTA YouTube, and listen/subscribe to the Sports As A Weapon Podcast on Spotify, Apple Podcasts, Amazon Music, Deezer, or wherever you get your podcasts.Follow us on:Twitter/X: @sportsasaweaponFacebook: fb.com/sportsasaweaponpodcastInstagram: @sportsasaweaponpodcastUpScrolled: @SportsAsAWeaponYouTube: @SportsAsAWeaponBlueSky: @sportsasaweapon.bsky.socialVisit our website: www.sportsasaweapon.com

Featuring the latest in activist campaigns and struggles against oppression fighting for a better world with anti-capitalist analysis on current affairs and international politics.NewsreportsDiscussion about the latest developments in Lebanon and Gaza including Netanyahu ordering Israel to seize more than 70 percent of the Gaza Strip.Interviews and DiscussionAllen Jennings, member of Socialist Alliance discusses the history of US Interventions in Cuba since the Cuban Revolution in 1959 including the Bay of Pigs and attempted assasinations. You can listen to the individual interview here.Ali Keshtkar, Iranian-Australian writer and political activist based in Naarm/Melbourne discusses the latest developments in the War on Iran and how the Albanese government is using the impacts of the war as a class war against the working class in Australia. You can listen to the individual interview here.Ethan Floyd, Pro-Palestine activist based in Gadigal/Sydney who was a participant in the Global Sumud Flotilla reporting on their attempts to break the Israeli naval blockade of Gaza and the torture that they experienced at the hands of the Israeli Occupation Forces. You can listen to the individual interview here.

Excerpts from an event sponsored by the NYC DSA's Academy for Socialist Education on the domestic and foreign aspects of Trumpism, featuring historians Nikhil Pal Singh and Greg Grandin, moderated by DSA's Gaya Sriskanthan. Behind the News, hosted by Doug Henwood, covers the worlds of economics and politics and their complex interactions, from the local to the global.

In this episode Josh Shurley talks with Jacqueline Luqman about the Black Alliance for Peace, which focuses on anti-imperialist struggle and addressing issues of capitalism, militarism, and racialized oppression. They discussed a recent peace delegation to Venezuela, where they both participated. The conversation highlighted the connection between Dr. Martin Luther King's concept of the "Triple Evils" and global struggles against these issues.The conversation expanded to include AFRICOM's role in Africa, particularly regarding the Sahel Alliance countries (Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger) that are challenging imperial control. The episode concluded with a discussion of the Black Alliance for Peace's campaigns, including calls for U.S. withdrawal from Africa and a boycott of the World Cup.

In this episode, we sit down with Gerald Perreira, longtime Guyanese anti-imperialist activist, educator, and organizer, for a conversation on Cuba, U.S. power, and the unfinished struggle for true independence in the Caribbean and broader Global South. We unpack the tightening of U.S. pressure on Cuba, including the attack on Cuban medical brigades across the region, and examine why Guyana's recent political decisions represent a historic betrayal of transnational solidarity. From Cuba's lifesaving medical internationalism and its decisive role in defeating apartheid forces in Angola and South Africa, to the erosion of Caribbean sovereignty under neoliberalism, we trace the deeper structures of neocolonialism and empire. Perreira situates today's crises within a broader historical arc: the legacy of plantation economies, the transformation of postcolonial elites into managers of foreign interests, the limits of liberal democracy, and the rise of a global axis of resistance. Gerald A. Perreira is a liberation theologian, educator and political activist. He is chairperson of Organization for the Victory of the People (OVP) based in Guyana, a member of the Governing  Council of the Global Pan African Movement (Harare) and an executive member of the Caribbean Pan-African Network (CPAN). He lived in the Libyan Jamahiriya for many years and was a founding member of the World Mathaba. He can be reached at mojadi94(at)gmail(dot)com.   To support our work please contribute to our patreon   Guyana: A Pawn of US Imperialism   https://www.ovpguyana.org/          

Read the perspectives document discussed at the Central Committee meeting here: https://communistusa.org/us-perspectives-2026-the-coming-american-revolution/ Article mentioned on "Epstein Fury" here: https://communistusa.org/operation-epstein-fury-the-mask-falls-from-the-american-empire/ ✊Join the fight against capitalism: https://communistusa.org/join/

David Glanz looks at why the US and Australia invaded Iraq in 2003, how it blew up in their faces and how anti-war activists responded to the crisis. He draws lessons for opposing war today. Read more about the Iraq War. Find out more about Solidarity. This talk was given at a Solidarity meeting in Melbourne on 26 March 2026. The background noise in the first half of the talk was caused by an exceptionally heavy rain burst. Blame global warming.

The VA Podcast is back. In our Season 3 premiere, we tackle the fallout of the January 3rd military escalation against Caracas, an event that marks a volatile new chapter in the long history of US intervention in the region.Join Venezuelanalysis Chief Editor Ricardo Vaz, Associate Editor Lucas Koerner, and VA Founder Greg Wilpert as they break down the geopolitical shift from "maximum pressure" to direct confrontation. This episode goes beyond the headlines to analyze the underlying causes and the global consequences of Washington's renewed focus on "its" hemisphere.Support Independent MediaIf you find our work valuable, please consider supporting us. Venezuelanalysis is 100% reader-supported and independent.-) Read more: venezuelanalysis.com-) Support us: venezuelanalysis.com/donate and patreon.com/venezuelanalysis-) Follow us across all platforms: @venanalysisSubscribe to our channel and hit the notification bell so you never miss an episode. Available also on Spotify and Apple Podcasts.#Venezuela #USImperialism #usvenezuelarelations #Geopolitics #Venezuelanalysis #LatinAmerica

Our Word of the Week is “US Imperialism in Latin America.” We will play a recording of the March 12th presentation by Maria Bustos and Paul Haber in the first installment of the 2026 Socialist Speakers Series held at the Elks Lodge in Missoula. Lastly, we will hear from Lucas Moody as he gives us his Missoula City Council Report.

Please join us at patreon.com/tortoiseshack Author of Tax Haven Ireland, editor of the Irish Marxist Review and listener favourite, Dr Brian O'Boyle has written an excellent piece of analysis on the US-Israel war on Iran. He joins us to talk through the many narratives, underlying motivations and the overarching hegemonic battle central to these awful events. MEP Lynn Boylan on Gaza, Iran and the EU: https://www.patreon.com/posts/patron-exclusive-153100794 Read the piece here:https://rebelnews.ie/2026/03/14/trumps-attack-on-iran-four-lessons-on-us-imperialism/ Support the Hind Rajab Centre here:https://www.patreon.com/posts/quick-thank-you-152402329

In this episode of Guerrilla History, we have a fascinating conversation on the intersection of boxing, white supremacy, geopolitics, and imperialism, a discussion that you are sure to find interesting an useful even if you are not into boxing itself! For this, we bring on Anthony Ballas, who cowrote the piece Shadowboxing with Ghosts: Whiteness, Jake Paul, and the Crisis of U.S. Imperialism alongside the inimitable Prof. Gerald Horne for Black Agenda Report. Be sure to read the piece and listen to this episode, and stay tuned for another discussion with Tony soon, alongside Dr. Horne! Anthony Ballas is an organizer and a PhD student at Duke University. His work appears in Monthly Review, Protean Magazine, Caribbean Quarterly, 3:AM Magazine, Truthout, Middle West Review, CounterPunch, Scalawag Magazine, Peace, Land and Bread Magazine, and elsewhere. He also the host of the De Facto Podcast and co-host of Cold War Cinema.  Help support the show by signing up to our patreon, where you also will get bonus content: https://www.patreon.com/guerrillahistory 

***I did an episode with the lovely folks at Out of Left Field from the End of Sport podcast.  Nathan is one of my older friends and comrades, and their show has been going strong for several years   In this emergency episode of the End of Sport's Out of Left Field, Nathan, Derek, and Priyansh talk to ⁠The East is a Podcast'⁠s Sina Rahmani about the current situation in Iran, exploring the historical context, the role of imperialism, and the resilience of the Iranian state against foreign interference. We discuss the implications of the ongoing conflict across the world, the intersection of sports and politics, and the broader narrative surrounding the Islamic Republic's stance in the face of imperialist aggression.  Hosts: Derek Silva, Anna Posbergh, Priyansh, Johanna Mellis & Nathan Kalman-Lamb ________________________________________ Support & Follow The End of Sport Patreon: ⁠⁠patreon.com/Theendofsport⁠⁠ (Support the show!) Bluesky: ⁠⁠@endofsportpod.bsky.social⁠⁠ Instagram: ⁠⁠@endofsportpod⁠⁠ Twitter/X: ⁠⁠@EndofSportPod⁠⁠ YouTube: ⁠⁠The End of Sport⁠⁠ Listen, share, and support The End of Sport, a proud member of the Harbinger Media Network, a community of over sixty leftist podcasts at ⁠⁠harbingermedianetwork.com⁠⁠. #sports #labor #capitalism #marxism

AI boosters and the US military are engaged in a lethal love affair. Award-winning journalist Naomi Klein joins Emily and Alex to discuss how glitchy technology supports global imperialism — and vice versa. Plus, we explore which Dr. Strangelove characters are currently running the US war machine.Naomi Klein is a columnist for The Guardian and the international bestselling author of nine books published in over 35 languages. Her new book, End Times Fascism: And the Fight for the Living World, written with Astra Taylor, will be published in September 2026.References:War Department press release on GenAI.milOld-school racism from Anduril CEO Palmer Luckey"How artificial intelligence is reshaping the future of war"Previous episodes referenced:Episode 61: Winning the Race to Hell (with Sarah Myers West and Kate Brennan)Episode 50: Petro-Masculinity Versus the Planet (with Tamara Kneese)Fresh AI Hell:"Cops Forced to Explain Why AI Generated Police Report Claimed Officer Transformed Into Frog""Amazon outbids WA utility for one of nation's largest solar projects""AI data centers are forcing dirty 'peaker' power plants back into service""Mamdani Targets 'Unusable' AI Chatbot for Termination"Check out future streams on Twitch. Meanwhile, send us any AI Hell you see. Our merch store is now live on the DAIR website! Find our book, The AI Con, here. Subscribe to our newsletter via Buttondown. Follow us! Emily Bluesky: emilymbender.bsky.social Mastodon: dair-community.social/@EmilyMBender Alex Bluesky: alexhanna.bsky.social Mastodon: dair-community.social/@alex Twitter: @alexhanna Music by Toby Menon.Artwork by Naomi Pleasure-Park. Production by Ozzy Llinas Goodman.

Syria is entering a new and terrifying phase. In this episode Breht is joined by a panel of scholars and activists (Angie Bittar, Adam, Joma, Nur and Jalyssa) to take a clear-eyed look at what's unfolded over the last year and how it fits into the longer arc of the Syrian civil war, including the rapid collapse of the Assad-era order and the emergence of a new regime centered around HTS and Ahmad al-Sharaa (Jolani). Together, they break down the latest waves of mass violence and displacement across the coast, Suwayda, Aleppo, and Rojava, and ask what these events reveal about the new Syria. From there, they turn to the Kurdish question. They discuss the SDF, the long history of US imperial instrumentalization of Kurdish forces, the recurring pattern of abandonment, and the growing pressure now facing Rojava amid shifting regional and international priorities. They also examine ongoing kidnappings and sect-based killings, the breakdown of accountability, and what the allegations surrounding Syrian security institutions tell us about the direction of the new order. Finally, they zoom out to the information war. They map the propaganda narratives being pushed in Western and Zionist media, and offer practical "tells" for separating genuine reporting from information operations. Then, they close by asking what Syria teaches us about the current political moment: imperial strategy, proxy warfare, sectarian fragmentation, and what real solidarity demands. Access a full list of all the sources used for this episode HERE Donate to Jalyssa on Cash App: $JalyssaDugrot Or donate at: BuyMeACoffee/Jalyssa Check out Joma's great podcast: JDPOD Previous Episodes on Syria and Rojava:  "The Situation in Syria" Episode w/ Angie last year "On Syria: Civil War and US Imperialism" with Rania Khalek from 2018  "The Kurds and Revolutionary Rojava" with Dr. Redcrow from 2017 Interview with Murray Bookchin's Daughter on his Life and Legacy ---------------------------------------------------- Support Rev Left and get access to bonus episodes: www.patreon.com/revleftradio Make a one-time donation to Rev Left at BuyMeACoffee.com/revleftradio Follow, Subscribe, & Learn more about Rev Left Radio https://revleftradio.com/    

Solidarity 759, 21 January 2026. Articles: Trotsky on Latin America, oil ownership, and US imperialism Reflections on the Iranian resistance For Venezuela's workers, against both Trump and Maduristas The left and Venezuela Workers' unity across borders Now drop Palestine Action ban! After the U-turns Anti-Trump day in USA Against YP exclusions! Flickering green light for exclusion New settler drive in West Bank What are the alternatives in Cuba? They're all CIA/Mossad/Daesh agents in Iran? Palestinians in Israel fight back Why Labour needs a housing sector plan Impasse in Gaza Swap accusations? Or clean up yourself? Use these briefings in your union Rail plan leaves issues unanswered Your Party? Whose elections? For class, women's, and trans rights! For Trump the main enemy remains at home A labour movement without political weight No, we don't endorse this top cop "Friends of Israel" should not be banned Where is the Mamdani movement going? 50% turnout threshold may go on 6 April Béla Tarr, 1955–2026 Homerton phlebotomists set a marker Museum workers win reballot Strike against “fire and rehire” More online: https://workersliberty.org/publications/solidarity/solidarity-759-21-january-2026

With Venezuela in the spotlight, we called in Raul Burbano of the Venezuelan Solidarity Coalition to give us a run down of what people in Canada are doing to resist yet another chapter of U.S. imperialist aggression.For almost a decade, organizers have been educating, advocating and mobilizing around the devastating sanctions and other forms of foreign intervention at the hands of the Canadian government. With Carney seemingly siding with Trump on the kidnapping of President Maduro and his wife, activists here are working overtime to turn the tide.Raul, himself a longtime activist, talks about the importance of building relationships between social movements and labour organizations across the Americas, and the shift the work has taken in the past few weeks.Hosted by: Jessa McLean and Santiago Helou QuinteroCall to Action: Day of Action on January 24th, 2026Related Episodes: Venezuelan Chavistas vs. US Imperialism w/Geo Maher. Hear how the decades of struggle and the impact of the Bolivarian Revolution have made Venezuela ungovernable to anyone but the people. Lessons from South America (Dec 2022) Learning from the social movements of Venezuela, and drawing comparisons to Canadian politics.More Resources: International Brigade arrives in Venezuela - Instituto Simón BolívarDetails on Canada's 'Special Economic Measures' Against VenezuelaStatement by Prime Minister Carney on the situation in Venezuela | Prime Minister of CanadaYou can find even more content on our Substack.All of our content is free - made possible by the generous sponsorships of our Patrons. If you would like to support our work through monthly contributions: PatreonFollow us on Instagram or on Bluesky

In this episode of The Sports As a Weapon Podcast, Miguel welcomes British-Chilean journalist and documentary filmmaker Pablo Navarrete. The discussion centers around the recent US attack on Venezuela on January 3, 2026, which led to the kidnapping of President Nicolás Maduro and his wife, First Lady Cilia Flores. Pablo shares his experiences and insights on Venezuelan politics, the influence of Chavismo, and the impact of US imperialism. He also highlights his work in documentary filmmaking, focusing on Venezuela and Latin American issues. Miguel and Pablo's conversation includes perspectives on independent media and grassroots journalism, and the roles of Chavista social activists of the Bolivarian Revolution, such as Mariela Machado in Venezuela.Links:* Emergency Rally in Sheffield, England - Hands Off Venezuela! by Pablo Navarrete/Level Ground Substack * The War On Democracy  (2007 Documentary) by John Pilger * Inside the Revolution: A Journey into Heart of Venezuela (2009 Documentary) by Pablo Navarrete/Alborada Films * Venezuela: Defending the Revolution (2019 Documentary) by Pablo Navarrete/Redfish Media  * The Other Venezuela (2019 Documentary) by Pablo Navarrete/Redfish Media * Caesar Crossed the Rubicon; So Did Trump by Maria Páez Victor/Orinoco Tribune * Mariela Machado Instagram Interview via @chanramosvictoralfonso * Venezuelan, International Popular Movements Condemn US Bombings, Maduro Kidnapping by Ricardo Vaz  Miguel Garcia and Comrade E produced this episode. The Sports As A Weapon Podcast is part of the @Anticonquista Media Collective. Subscribe to the ANTICONQUISTA Patreon and follow ANTICONQUISTA on YouTube, Instagram, and Facebook.Also, listen/subscribe to the Sports As A Weapon Podcast on Spotify, Apple Podcasts, Amazon Music, Deezer, or wherever you get your podcasts.Follow us on:Twitter/X: @sportsasaweaponFacebook: fb.com/sportsasaweaponpodcastInstagram: @sportsasaweaponpodcastTikTok: @SportsAsAWeaponYouTube: @SportsAsAWeaponBlueSky: @sportsasaweapon.bsky.socialVisit our website: www.sportsasaweapon.com

Anyone still not clear about what gunboat diplomacy means only has to look at what the United States has done to Venezuela to gain enlightenment. It has abducted the president of the South American country and is implementing plans to rob it of its oil resources.若有人仍不明白炮舰外交的含义，只需看看美国对委内瑞拉所作所为便能豁然开朗。它绑架了这个南美国家的总统，并正实施计划掠夺其石油资源。If that is not enough, US President Donald Trump's remarks about Greenland, an autonomous island of Denmark, leave no room for equivocation.若这还不够，美国总统唐纳德·特朗普对丹麦自治岛屿格陵兰的言论则毫不含糊。In response to a question from the BBC on Friday, Trump said that the US needs to "own" Greenland to prevent Russia and China from doing so, and that the US will acquire it either "the easy way" or "the hard way". This follows a recent White House statement that the administration was considering buying the territory of fellow NATO member Denmark, but it would not rule out the option of annexing it by force.针对英国广播公司周五的提问，特朗普表示美国需要“拥有”格陵兰岛，以阻止俄罗斯和中国这样做，并称美国将通过“和平方式”或“武力方式”获得该岛。此前白宫发表声明称，政府正在考虑购买北约盟国丹麦的领土，但不排除以武力吞并该岛的可能性。By saying so, the US leadership has shown that it does not have a smattering of respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of a sovereign country.特朗普的此番言论表明，他们对主权国家的主权和领土完整连最起码的尊重都没有。In a joint statement on Friday, Greenland's political parties rejected Trump's repeated threats to take control of the island, saying that its future must be decided by its people.格陵兰各政党周五发表联合声明，驳斥特朗普一再威胁要控制该岛的言论，强调该岛的未来必须由其人民决定。The joint statement issued by the leaders of various political parties in Greenland, stating that "Greenlanders do not want to become Americans", was a clear expression of the sentiment of the overwhelming majority of Greenland's population, who have consistently opposed the idea of becoming part of the US.格陵兰各政党领导人发表的联合声明称“格陵兰人不愿成为美国人”，这充分表达了该国绝大多数民众的意愿——他们始终反对成为美国领土的想法。The statement effectively closed the loophole that the US administration might have hoped to exploit by claiming to act on the wishes of the Greenlandic people to "obtain" the island. The statement also prevents the US from creating and exploiting discord between the autonomous territory and Denmark, and legally blocks the possibility of the US acquiring Greenland.该声明实质上堵住了美国政府可能试图利用的漏洞——即声称代表格陵兰人民意愿来“获取”该岛。该声明同时阻止了美国在自治领地与丹麦之间制造并利用分歧的行为，并从法律层面封堵了美国获取格陵兰的可能性。By openly declaring that "it needs" an autonomous region of another sovereign country, Washington is telling the world that it has no regard for norms of international relations and no respect for international law.华盛顿公然宣称“需要”另一个主权国家的自治区，这向世界表明其根本无视国际关系准则，更无视国际法。Denmark is a member of NATO, and the US has long been the leader of the security alliance. If the US takes Greenland by force, it will be attacking its own ally. That effectively means the end of NATO.丹麦是北约成员国，而美国长期以来一直是该安全联盟的领导者。如果美国武力夺取格陵兰岛，就相当于攻击自己的盟友。这实际上意味着北约的终结。If theabduction of Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro and his wife on Jan 3 emboldens the US to proceed with theannexation of Greenland, it will only further encourage the US administration to do whatever it wants in brazen disregard of international law.若1月3日委内瑞拉总统尼古拉斯·马杜罗及其夫人遭绑架事件，竟使美国胆敢推进吞并格陵兰岛的计划，这只会进一步纵容美国政府肆无忌惮地践踏国际法，为所欲为。If Washington is allowed to use the lie that other countries intend to grab Greenland to acquire the Danish territory, then the US would be able to use the same pretext to grab whatever territories it desires from any other country. If that becomes the reality, the world will plunge into the colonial past in which might was right and there will be no fairness and justice in international relations.倘若允许华盛顿以“他国意图侵占格陵兰”的谎言为借口夺取丹麦领土，那么美国便能用同样的借口从任何国家掠夺其垂涎的领土。若此种局面成为现实，世界将重陷殖民时代的黑暗岁月——那时强权即公理，国际关系中再无公平正义可言。Leaders of seven European countries—Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain and the United Kingdom—issued a joint statement last week affirming that Greenland "belongs to its people".七个欧洲国家——丹麦、法国、德国、意大利、波兰、西班牙和英国的领导人上周发表联合声明，重申格陵兰岛“属于其人民”。More European countries should stand up to the threat of the US and stand firmly behind Greenland. The so-called "Trump Corollary" of seeking absolute control over the geography, resources and sovereignty of the Americas, and even the entire Western Hemisphere, is threatening global stability and world peace. Not only Europe but the entire world should oppose the imperiousness of the US administration.更多欧洲国家应当挺身对抗美国的威胁，坚定支持格陵兰。所谓“特朗普主义”——企图对美洲乃至整个西半球的地理、资源与主权实施绝对控制——正威胁着全球稳定与世界和平。不仅欧洲，全世界都应当反对美国政府的霸权行径。China has long maintained that respecting the sovereignty and territorial integrity of other countries is a basic principle of international relations. The international community should not allow the US to have an inch or it will take yard after yard after yard.中国始终坚持尊重他国主权和领土完整是国际关系的基本准则。国际社会不应纵容美国得寸进尺，否则它必将变本加厉。By abducting the Venezuelan president and voicing an unjustified claim on Greenland, Washington has shown it is prepared to plunge the entire world into chaos so it can feather its own nest.通过绑架委内瑞拉总统并无理声称对格陵兰岛拥有主权，华盛顿已表明其不惜将整个世界推入混乱深渊，只为谋取私利。beyond the pale越界的、离谱的abductionn./æbˈdʌk.ʃən/绑架annexationn./ˌæn.ekˈseɪ.ʃən/吞并

Captain & Scagz discuss the abduction of Venezuelan President Nicholas Maduro and Trump's pivot to honest US Imperialism.#politics #news #venezuela #maduro #trump #war #empire #maga #america #live #livestream #podcast

Professor, activist, abolitionist and author of We Created Chavez, Geo Maher helps unpack what's going on in Venezuela from the often neglected perspective of the grassroots.While the moves of state actors are to be watched and analyzed, Maher argues they alone do not hold the fate of Venezuela in their hands.Semi-autonomous communities, mostly within the poorer barrios of the country, with roots older than even Chavez, wield a power that goes well beyond that of Maduro or the ruling Party. Maher talks about how those 'communes' and the history of the Bolivarian Revolution will be massive barriers to Trump's Imperialist agenda.These 'experiments in democracy', as Maher refers to them, may hold some answers to the questions Canadians find themselves asking in the wake of Trump's threats against them. Namely, how do we best protect against US aggression? Hosted by: Jessa McLeanCall to Action: Contact Your MP and demand Canada lift all sanctions against VenezuelaRelated Episodes: Lessons From: South America, Alexander Moldovan on the social movements in Venezuela; stories of workers and communities fighting back while building networks of support. Canadian Mining Imperialism, on a Canadian landmark legal case that exposed the industry's use of sexual violence, destruction, and death in Guatemala.More Resources: Venezuela Month of Action - International League of Peoples' StruggleBBC: US Discussing Options to Acquire GreenlandCanada's Official Statement on VenezuelaGuest's Recommended Read: America, América – Greg GrandinCanada imposes new sanctions against Venezuelan officials (Mar 2025)For more Blueprints, including articles and resources for activists: Subscribe to our SUBSTACKAll of our content is free - made possible by the generous sponsorships of our Patrons. If you would like to support our work through monthly contributions: PatreonFollow us on Instagram or on Bluesky

[NOTE: This is the first portion of the latest episode of The Anti-Imperialist Scholars Collective podcast.  Lots of great content has already been released on both audio and video feeds and more to come, so please make sure you subscribe to both!]  Hosted by AISC co-founder Nina Farnia, this episode features two distinguished guests and friends of AISC, Venezuela's former Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs Carlos Ron and University of Tehran professor Mohammad Marandi. We initially filmed a 2025 anti-imperialist roundup on December 30, 2025, but just a few days later the US invaded Venezuela and abducted President Nicolas Maduro and First Lady Cilia Flires. We brought our guests back after the abduction to discuss the invasion, the abduction, and the future of the Bolivarian Revolution in the face of US imperialism. Both episodes are included here. Watch the video edition on our YouTube channel  Follow AISC  X (@penandmachete)  Instagram (@penandmachete) Visit our website to join the newsletter and find our blog, The Pen is My Machete. Donations to the producer of this show, Sina Rahmani, are welcome at www.patreon.com/east_podcast

Jacob takes on the U.S. seizure of Nicolás Maduro and what it reveals about American power, imperial strategy, and hemispheric priorities. This was less about China or narco-trafficking and more of than a blunt assertion of control over resources and geography. Venezuela is a test case, possibly a rehearsal, for deeper U.S. intervention in the Western Hemisphere, especially Cuba, and a sign of Washington consolidating power closer to home as its global leverage erodes. --Timestamps:(00:00) - Introduction and Emergency Episode Announcement(00:49) - Background on US-Venezuela Relations(01:44) - The US Attack on Venezuela(02:55) - Implications for Venezuela and the Region(04:16) - Historical Context and US Imperialism(05:51) - Forecasting Future Geopolitical Moves(06:33) - Cuba as the Next Geopolitical Target(15:50) - China's Influence in Latin America(18:39) - Conclusion and Final Thoughts--Subscribe to our Substack to hear more of Jacob's thoughts on the US's capture of Maduro and takeover of Venezuela.Jacob Shapiro Substack: jashap.substack.com/subscribe --Jacob Shapiro Site: jacobshapiro.comJacob Shapiro LinkedIn: linkedin.com/in/jacob-l-s-a9337416Jacob Twitter: x.com/JacobShap--The Jacob Shapiro Show is produced and edited by Audiographies LLC. More information at audiographies.com--Jacob Shapiro is a speaker, consultant, author, and researcher covering global politics and affairs, economics, markets, technology, history, and culture. He speaks to audiences of all sizes around the world, helps global multinationals make strategic decisions about political risks and opportunities, and works directly with investors to grow and protect their assets in today's volatile global environment. His insights help audiences across industries like finance, agriculture, and energy make sense of the world.--

Trump is ramping up US Imperialism's aggression towards Venezuela. He's gathered the largest military presence to the hemisphere in decades, using false pretenses to justify military intervention and extrajudicial killings.This week we're bringing you a presentation by Joel Bergman, who explains why this is happening, and how Marxists should respond.Further reading:Will Donald J Trump ever be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize? – Alan WoodsTrump's escalation in the Caribbean – US imperialism attempts to reassert control over its ‘backyard'⁠ - Jorge Martín Hands off Colombia and Venezuela! ⁠- Colombia Marxista⁠US imperialism out of the Caribbean and Latin America! Hands off Venezuela!⁠ - Revolución Comunista⁠Down with US imperialist aggression! Hands off Venezuela! ⁠- Revolutionary Communists of America(PODCAST)US imperialism and Latin America: Trump threatens war on Venezuela - Against the Stream, a podcast from the Revolutionary Communist InternationalThis presentation was recorded live in Toronto on November 27, 2025.For more talks like this, sign up for our⁠ Montreal Marxist Winter School. This year we'll have a total of 11 inspiring presentations on Marxist theory and history, revolving around the theme of Reform or Revolution. With over 600 participants from across the country last year, this is the event for anyone serious about changing society.Get your tickets hereSubscribe to Communist RevolutionJoin the Revolutionary Communist Party

In this episode, Alyson joins members of the Ultra-Red collective to discuss their recent trip to Central America where they learned first hand about popular education movements of the past and present. The discussion gets into the history of popular education, existing social movements in Central America today, and what we can learn from these movements in our organizing work. The journal of Ultra-Red can be found here:  https://www.rabrab.net/titles/urvol1?utm_campaign=as-npc105112516   ----------------------------------------------------   Learn more about, follow, and support Rev Left and Red Menace here: https://revleftradio.com/  

When Dave Zirin flew home to America last week, as a precaution he wrote the telephone numbers of a lawyer and an Irish politician on his arm.He had been away for only a week but a week is a long time in an authoritarian state. While he had been gone, JD Vance had declared an article about Charlie Kirk's death in The Nation, the magazine Dave works for, to be ‘soulless and evil'. Dave wondered again what kind of country he was coming back to.On Free State today, Dave Zirin explains why Ireland has been conned by the NFL game taking part in Croke Park this weekend. He laments that a venue so historic as allowed itself to be hijacked for a sportswashing exercise. He details why the NFL has no place in Ireland but why Kneecap give him hope. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

There are many theories that attempt to explain the "special" relationship between US imperialism and the Zionist entity. Listen in to this masterclass as Max Ajl explains and details the historical roots of this relationship   Max Ajl is a fellow at MECAM/University of Tunis, a Senior Fellow at University of Ghent and an associated researcher at the Tunisian Observatory for Food Sovereignty and the Environment. He is an associate editor at Agrarian South and Journal of Labor and Society, and has written for The Journal of Peasant Studies and the Review of African Political Economy. His book, A People's Green New Deal, was published in 2021 with Pluto Press.   I.G. @TheGambian Twitter: @maxajl @MomodouTaal

If you're not a patron, subscribe at patreon.com/workstoppage to get full access to the episode. As migrant workers across the US face an onslaught of racist state terrorism from ICE and other federal agencies, solidarity from the labor movement is more critical than ever. One of the most powerful tools of repression that the bosses have is using racist dehumanization to split workers against each other across national lines. So now more than ever, it's critical that American workers understand that these migrant workers are our brothers and sisters, and that only by uniting with them can we advance our class interests. For as long as there has been a border between the US and Mexico, workers on both sides have only ever won their struggles against oppression through unity, rather than division. In this series, using the incredible book Radicals in the Barrio by Professor Justin Akers Chacon as our core guide, we will discuss the history of shared working class struggles by Mexican and Mexican American workers on both sides of the border from the Mexican-American War to the Cold War.  In this first episode, we will begin by laying the groundwork for the politics of the Mexican Revolution, looking back through the history of colonization, independence, war with the United States, and relations with US Imperialism. In future episodes, we'll discuss the role of the working class in the Mexican Revolution, how these revolutionaries brought their ideas north across the border and influenced struggles in the US, and how multi-national unity has been critical to any labor victories won in the Southwest for over 150 years. Join the discord: discord.gg/tDvmNzX  Follow the pod at instagram.com/workstoppage, @WorkStoppagePod on Twitter,  John @facebookvillain, and Lina @solidaritybee

Tune in for another episode of Give The People What They Want! with Zoe Alexandra, Indian journalist Prasanth R and Roger McKenzie, international editor of Morning Star, as they discuss African Liberation Day, one month of workers' strike in Panama, the ASEAN-GCC-China summit, meeting between US and South African presidents, developments in the Russia- Ukraine war and the austerity measures introduced by Donald Trump.

ORIGINALLY RELEASED Apr 4, 2024 Musa Springer, Erica Caines, & Onyesonwu Chatoyer from Hood Communist join Breht O'Shea to discuss their participation in The Second International Meeting of Theoretical Publications of Left Parties and Movements in Havana, Cuba before discussing the history and current events playing out in Haiti. Together they converse about their time in Cuba, the various speeches they gave at the event, the ongoing embargo and its impacts, recent protests in Cuba, internationalism, the Zone of Peace campaign by the Black Alliance for Peace, US imperialism, the history of colonialism in Haiti, current events in Haiti, how Haiti is portrayed by Western corporate media, and much more! Links: Hood Communist Blog Venceremos Brigade All-African People's Revolutionary Party (Florida) Liberation Through Reading Black Alliance for Peace (ATL) Join BAP Groundings Podcast ---------------------------------------------------- Support Rev Left and get access to bonus episodes: www.patreon.com/revleftradio Make a one-time donation to Rev Left at BuyMeACoffee.com/revleftradio Follow, Subscribe, & Learn more about Rev Left Radio HERE Outro Beat Prod. by flip da hood

ORIGINALLY RELEASED Aug 19, 2022 In this landmark episode, we sit down with the legendary Noam Chomsky and renowned historian Vijay Prashad to discuss their insightful new book, The Withdrawal: Iraq, Libya, Afghanistan, and the Fragility of U.S. Power. Exploring the aftermath of America's military engagements, Chomsky and Prashad illuminate the complexities of U.S. imperial ambitions, the consequences - moral and material - of foreign interventions, and the growing cracks in America's global dominance. Noam Chomsky, widely celebrated as one of the greatest intellectual figures of our time, brings his sharp analytical mind and decades of political activism to this conversation. Vijay Prashad, director of Tricontinental: Institute for Social Research and chief correspondent for Globetrotter, adds his deep historical expertise and critical insights into global politics. Don't miss this extraordinary dialogue, unpacking profound geopolitical questions with two influential thinkers who have shaped how we understand power and resistance in our world today. ---------------------------------------------------- Support Rev Left and get access to bonus episodes: www.patreon.com/revleftradio Make a one-time donation to Rev Left at BuyMeACoffee.com/revleftradio Follow, Subscribe, & Learn more about Rev Left Radio https://revleftradio.com/

ORIGINALLY RELEASED May 21, 2018 Professor of History at ASU, Alex Aviña, returns to RLR to discuss the Chilean coup of 1973. In this gripping episode, Alex and Breht delve deep into the tragic and pivotal events surrounding the Chilean Coup of 1973. Learn about Salvador Allende's courageous attempt to build democratic socialism, Augusto Pinochet's brutal dictatorship backed by US imperialism, and the CIA's covert operations to undermine and overthrow Chilean democracy. From the economic sabotage and propaganda warfare to the violence and terror unleashed on the Chilean people, this conversation sheds critical light on a watershed moment in Cold War history—one that continues to echo powerfully into our present day. Join us as we unravel the lessons and legacies of Chile's 9/11, exploring what it reveals about imperialism, democracy, socialism, and the extremely violent and inhuman lengths to which capitalist powers will go to protect their interests. Outro Music: Monsters by Bambu ---------------------------------------------------- Support Rev Left and get access to bonus episodes: www.patreon.com/revleftradio Make a one-time donation to Rev Left at BuyMeACoffee.com/revleftradio Follow, Subscribe, & Learn more about Rev Left Radio https://revleftradio.com/

Tanner Mirrlees on the new Cost of War paper from the Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs at Brown University entitled, "The Militarization of Movies and Television." "The Moment of Truth" with Jeff Dorchen follows the interview. Check out Tanner's writing here: https://home.watson.brown.edu/research/research-briefs/militarization-movies-and-tv Help keep This Is Hell! completely listener supported and access bonus episodes by subscribing to our Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/thisishell

Trump is once again at the head of the world's strongest imperialist power. One month after his innauguration, he has already provoked a trade war with Canada and Mexico, and threatened to invade Panama and Greenland. His presidency has ushered in a new period of uncertainty and chaos into politics all over the world. As revolutionary communists, we must understand what Trump's actions represent on a world stage, and how his approach to American foreign policy reflects the relative decline of American Imperialism on the world stage, alongside the rise of smaller regional powers capable of challenging American influence.For that reason we are proud to releasse a presentation by Jorge Martín, a leading member of the Revolutionary Communist International, from the 2025 Montreal Marxist Winter School on Trump and the Crisis of American Imperialism.What to read next:Lenin's Selected Writings on Imperialist WarColossus: The Rise and Decline of US Imperialism

The liberal world order that has been in charge for decades has been put in the back seat by Donald Trump. His rule is accelerating the decline of capitalism and communists must organize for the crises to come and prepare for revolution. ✊ Join the fight against capitalism: https://communistusa.org/join

The liberals are incapable of stopping Trump, neither party can halt the crisis of capitalism, and both are representatives of the billionaire imperialists. So how do we beat them both? ✊ Join the fight against capitalism: https://communistusa.org/join

The ferocious blaze that terrorized America's second largest city is a product of the capitalist system in terminal decline. Private ownership and production for profit put the interests of a tiny capitalist cabal ahead of the interests of humanity as a whole. ✊ Join the fight against capitalism: https://communistusa.org/join

Listen in as we discuss the story of US imperialism in central America and how it relates to today.   Aviva Chomsky is an American professor, historian, author, and activist. She is a professor of history and the Coordinator of Latin American, Latino and Caribbean Studies at Salem State University in Massachusetts.

Donald Trump is back in the White House promising to end the decline of America. His promises will fall flat, spelling further decline for the U.S. and further discontent of the working class. ✊ Join the fight against capitalism: https://communistusa.org/join

Welcome to 2025. The world is on fire, war rages in the middle east and Ukraine, and there is increasing instability in the social fabric of the United States. There is a desperate need for a mass communist party, and there has never been a more favorable time to build one. ✊ Join the fight against capitalism: https://communistusa.org/join

Thuraya, Angie, Mohammad, and Edward join Breht to discuss recent events in Syria. Together they discuss what happened, Syria under the Assad government, the hope and concerns of the the Syrian people,  the role Syria plays in the axis of resistance, Syria's connections to Palestine, current conditions in Gaza, Israel's ongoing genocide and its actions in Syria, Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) and their governing promises, the history of the Syrian civil war and its continued relevance, the role of US-led imperialism in the region and its backing of HTS, Turkey and Iran, sanctions on Syria and the role they've played in destablizing the country, the uncertainty for Syrians about what comes next, and much, much more.  Recommendations and Resources: The Origins of the Syrian Crisis Lecture Decolonize The Classroom Guerrilla History's episode on Syrian Sanctions The Cradle News Gaza Funds Al Mayadeen News Educators for Palestinian Liberation   Support Rev Left and get access to bonus episodes: www.patreon.com/revleftradio Follow RLR on IG HERE Make a one-time donation to Rev Left at BuyMeACoffee.com/revleftradio  

While Donald Trump's supporters falsely claim he is an "isolationist", he is threatening to colonize the Panama Canal, annex Canada, and seize Greenland (and its rare earth elements). The Trump team also plans to invade Mexico, bomb Iran, and wage proxy war on China. Ben Norton explains. VIDEO: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MG_UzMTh82w Topics 0:00 Trump's warmongering foreign-policy record 1:35 Trump threatens Panama, Greenland, Canada 2:59 Colonial Christmas threat 3:49 Trump followers revive Manifest Destiny 4:41 Top Pentagon official invokes Monroe Doctrine 5:42 US interventions are not jokes 6:32 Seizing the Panama Canal 8:45 Elon Musk backs colonialism in Latin America 10:29 China defends Panama's sovereignty 11:44 US colonial Monroe Doctrine 13:29 History of US imperialism in Panama 16:07 Panamanian revolutionary Omar Torrijos 18:03 CIA and Manuel Noriega 19:10 US invasion of Panama in 1989 20:20 Trump wants Greenland's rare-earth minerals 22:37 Annexing Canada 23:51 Pro-Trump influencers promote colonialism 26:08 Plans to invade Mexico 27:56 Bombing Iran 28:50 Cold war on China 30:30 DOGE will cut social programs, not military 31:51 Cabinet full of billionaire oligarchs 32:27 Bipartisan imperialism 34:19 Outro

Huge numbers of the population feel sympathy for the action for which Luigi Mangione has been charged. The mass sympathy elicited by this act speaks volumes about the political vacuum in the US. The class-war methods we advocate for are mass action that harnesses the strength of the united working class, rather than individual targeted actions such as the assassination of CEOS. ✊ Join the fight against capitalism: https://communistusa.org/join

In our yearly review, the editorial team from Venezuelanalysis looks at the state of the economy in Venezuela today, including efforts to build a grassroots alternative, as well as the 2024 presidential election and its aftermath. Plus we take a look at what 2025 might have in store for Venezuela and the Bolivarian Process.

With no stability in the world at the end of 2024, what can we expect from 2025? Our comrade, Fred Weston answers at the Central Committee of the RCA. ✊ Join the fight against capitalism: https://communistusa.org/join

A discussion on pragmatism with our comrades in NYC. As Trotsky put it, “pragmatism . . . is the greatest curse of American thought. You must inoculate younger comrades against its infection.” This philosophy can creep into our work if we do not consciously fight it with Marxist theory.

What is neoliberalism? What is the nature of US capitalism today? How does the dollar act as a function of US imperialism? Listen in to the brilliant Radhika Desai.    Dr. Radhika Desai is Professor at the Department of Political Studies, and Director, Geopolitical Economy Research Group, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada. She is the author of Geopolitical Economy: After US Hegemony, Globalization and Empire (2013), Slouching Towards Ayodhya: From Congress to Hindutva in Indian Politics (2nd rev ed, 2004) and Intellectuals and Socialism: ‘Social Democrats' and the Labour Party (1994), a New Statesman and Society Book of the Month, and editor or co-editor of Russia, Ukraine and Contemporary Imperialism, a special issue of International Critical Thought (2016), Theoretical Engagements in Geopolitical Economy (2015), Analytical Gains from Geopolitical Economy (2015), Revitalizing Marxist Theory for Today's Capitalism (2010) and Developmental and Cultural Nationalisms (2009). She is also the author of numerous articles in Economic and Political Weekly, International Critical Thought, New Left Review, Third World Quarterly, World Review of Political Economy and other journals and in edited collections on parties, political economy, culture and nationalism. With Alan Freeman, she co-edits the Geopolitical Economy book series with Manchester University Press and the Future of Capitalism book series with Pluto Press. She serves on the Editorial Boards of many journals including Canadian Political Science Review, Critique of Political Economy, E-Social Sciences, Pacific Affairs, Global Faultlines, Research in Political Economy, Revista de Economía Crítica, World Review of Political Economy and International Critical Thought   I.G. @TheGambian Twitter: @MomodouTaal @CTayJ

What is imperialism, and what does it look like today? Our comrades explain...

In this episode Fathi Nimer and Abdaljawad Omar rejoin the podcast to talk about recent events including the Israeli attacks on Lebanon, the assassination of Sayyed Hassan Nasrallah, and the Iranian retailatory strikes, which took place on October 1st. We conclude by talking a bit about the meaning of October 7th, 2023 one year later. Here is a video version of the episode if you prefer to watch the conversation. Despite the difficulty in fully drawing meaning from something we're still in the midst of, Fathi and Abboud do offer excellent analysis of the current state of the war, and of the importance of Operation Al-Aqsa Flood. Fathi Nimer is Al-Shabaka's Palestine policy fellow. He previously worked as a research associate with the Arab World for Research and Development, a teaching fellow at Birzeit University, and a program officer with the Ramallah Center for Human Rights Studies. Fathi holds a master's degree in political science from Heidelberg University and is the co-founder of DecolonizePalestine.com, a knowledge repository for the Palestinian question. Fathi's research revolves around political economy and contentious politics. His current focus is on food sovereignty, agroecology, and the resistance economy in Palestine. Abdaljawad Omar is a writer, analyst, and lecturer based in Ramallah, Palestine. He has written extensively in Arabic. In English Abboud has contributed to Electronic Intifada, Mondoweiss, and Ebb Magazine among other outlets. This is his 13th episode on MAKC. All of those episodes are collected in this playlist.  Giving direct aid to people in Gaza is a way of directly intervening against the genocidal policy of zionist settler colonialism and US imperialism. We recommend the Sameer Project as a a grassroots direct-aid organization that provides tents, water, food and medical aid to Palestinians in Gaza, including areas of the north where the Zionist entity does not allow NGOs to function. We'll link a recent livestream we hosted with Hala from the Sameer Project as well as links to their funds. We also just passed our 7th anniversary at Millennials Are Killing Capitalism, this episode today marks our 275th audio episode of MAKC. In addition, in just the last year we've hosted 126 livestreams on our YouTube channel. With me primarily operating in the video realm over the past year in order to respond more quickly to developing events, we have had to pay for some outside support on some of the audio production but also that process has slowed a bit. Our most recent payment for October from patreon was our lowest level of support from patrons since May of 2023. There are a variety of factors contributing to that I'm sure, but if people are able to become patrons of the show we can really use your support to support what we're already doing and to pay for production work as well to get more audio episodes released. Join for as little as $1 a month at patreon.com/millennialsarekillingcapitalism. We will have a patreon member exclusive episode this week on the contradictions of using Youtube as a platform for this work. Jared Ball, Renee Johnston, and Geechee Yaw who I recently did a two part video collaboration with about elections, will join us for that conversation as well. I recently participated in a two part discussion with them on elections which we held on MAKC & Black Liberation Media. We're hosting our discussion on censorship on patreon so we can speak totally freely about YouTube as a platform.

Rania Khalek of Breakthrough News sat down with Cuba's Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs during the UN General Assembly. They talked about the US blockade on Cuba, the rise of the right across the Americas, the genocide in Gaza and the dangers it poses to the world, and more.