Inside the ICE House, a podcast produced by Intercontinental Exchange, takes listeners behind the historic façade of the New York Stock Exchange and inside the global financial marketplace. The episodes, recorded in the Library of the NYSE, features conversations with leaders, entrepreneurs and visi…

Abacus Global Management is entering a new chapter with its move to the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker ABX. Chairman and CEO Jay Jackson goes Inside the ICE House to unpack the strategy behind the listing and rebrand, and how Abacus' data-driven, vertically integrated model sets it apart. He also shares how proprietary data and technology are positioning the firm for its next phase of growth.

Michael Reinking, Senior Market Strategist at the NYSE, recaps a volatile week marked by Fed uncertainty and sharp unwinds in speculative trades. Kevin Warsh's nomination for Fed Chair helped trigger reversals in precious metals and added to broader market turbulence. Crypto and high‑momentum themes sold off, while software stocks faced a “SAAS‑Pocalypse” amid new AI‑driven disruption concerns. Still, major indices held relatively steady with pockets of strength in small and mid‑caps. Attention now shifts to retail sales, the delayed jobs report, and CPI.

Dave LaValle, President of CoinDesk Data and Indices, joins Bilal Little to discuss how digital assets are reshaping the market for index-based solutions. Drawing on his background in traditional finance, LaValle explains why crypto offers a unique chance to build benchmark infrastructure from the ground up. He highlights the rising demand for regulated, transparent crypto indices, the role of regulatory clarity in driving adoption, and the growing network of distribution partners bringing these products to market.

Marsh is embarking on a major transformation as it unifies its businesses under a single global brand, marking a new era for the 150-year-old firm. Paul Beswick, Chief Information and Operations Officer, goes Inside the ICE House to unpack the strategy behind the rebrand and how it reflects Marsh's ambition to deliver more integrated, client-centric solutions. He also shares how operational excellence and AI are reshaping the firm's ability to innovate, scale, and stay ahead in a rapidly evolving risk landscape.

Eric Criscuolo, NYSE Market Strategist, highlights a week where mega cap tech snapped back into leadership after small caps' strong run faded. A quiet Fed meeting kept rates steady and shifted attention to earnings, where Meta and IBM surged on AI strength while Microsoft slumped on lofty expectations. Travel, leisure, and select industrial names outperformed as software and healthcare lagged. Metals stole the spotlight with extreme volatility, led by gold's dramatic intraday swing, while crypto struggled to gain traction. With a busy earnings slate and key labor data ahead, markets move into next week with momentum reshuffling once again.

In January, Inside the ICE House aired six new episodes, our traditional episodes, Markets in Focus series, and the first episode of our history series. Episode 507: Blackstone President Jon Gray on Scaling Culture, Investing Capital, and Avoiding Noise Episode 508: Chipotle CEO Scott Boatwright on 4,000 Restaurants and Keeping Customers Craving More Episode 509: Orla Mining CEO Jason Simpson on Mining Smarter, Scaling Faster, and the Future of Gold Markets in Focus: GDP Strength vs. Job Slowdown, AI Acceleration, Bullish Setup for 2026 Episode 510: Cigna President Brian Evanko on Healthcare Affordability, Pharmacy Benefits, and Patient Care History Series: Trailblazing Women Who Transformed Finance and Created a New Wall Street

Women have long shaped Wall Street—even when history tried to write them out. NYSE curator Anna Melo goes Inside the ICE House with archivist Dave D'Onofrio and author Michelle Young to spotlight the trailblazing women who broke barriers in finance, from the 1800s through the 20th century. They explore unforgettable figures like Victoria Woodhull, Hetty Green, Isabel Benham, and Muriel Siebert, whose grit and innovation redefined what was possible on Wall Street. Together, they reveal how these female-firsts helped transform the culture, practices, and leadership of global finance.

Cigna is reshaping the healthcare system by tackling affordability through innovation, transparency, and patient-first solutions. President and COO Brian Evanko goes Inside the ICE House to discuss the forces driving higher healthcare costs, from demographic shifts to drug pricing, and how Cigna is working to realign incentives across the system. He also explains how data, AI, and pharmacy benefit reform are positioning the company to deliver better outcomes as healthcare enters its next phase of change.

Michael Reinking breaks down a volatile week marked by tariff headlines, rising global yields, and a sharp tech‑led selloff that quickly reversed. Early weakness gave way to a rebound as shifting rhetoric on Greenland and tariffs helped small and mid caps hit new highs. Macro uncertainty persisted with delayed Supreme Court action, ongoing Fed Chair speculation, and surging natural gas prices. Earnings season remained mixed as margin concerns surfaced while crypto news took center stage with BitGo's NYSE debut. With earnings, the FOMC decision, and geopolitical risks ahead, markets enter next week with a packed agenda.

Bryon Lake, Chief Transformation Officer at Goldman Sachs Asset Management, joins Bilal Little to discuss how ETFs are reshaping the future of investing. Drawing on nearly two decades in the ETF industry, Lake explains why the ETF wrapper has become the preferred technology for delivering active strategies at scale. He highlights Goldman's growth in active ETFs, the rise of defined-outcome strategies, and the firm's agreement to acquire Innovator to expand those capabilities. Lake also explores how digital tools, democratization, and access to alternatives are changing the investor experience

Phil Rosen joins Inside the ICE House to unpack why booming GDP is colliding with weaker job growth. He explains how AI-driven productivity lets companies boost earnings without expanding headcount. Rosen also discusses how boomer wealth and strong markets continue powering consumer spending. He shares why big banks remain well‑positioned as AI and tokenization transform finance. Looking ahead, he expects rate cuts, a Bitcoin rebound, and improving job prospects for young workers.

Orla Mining is building a modern gold company through disciplined growth and responsible operations. CEO Jason Simpson goes Inside the ICE House to discuss Orla's evolution, the strategy behind its diversified portfolio, and the drivers of its strong long-term returns. He also shares how sustainability, AI, and rising global demand for critical minerals are shaping the company's path toward its next phase of growth.

Eric Criscuolo, NYSE Market Strategist, breaks down a week defined by Supreme Court uncertainty, shifting sector leadership, and the kickoff of earnings season. Cyclicals led the tape as tech lagged early, helping small and mid caps outperform while financials slid on policy pressure and mixed bank results. Geopolitical tension boosted oil and precious metals, though easing headlines cooled crude by week's end. Tech regained momentum Thursday on strong semiconductor earnings and major AI platform news. With a heavier earnings slate, key inflation data, and global events ahead, markets head into next week with a full macro calendar.

Chris Edmonds, President of Fixed Income and Data Services at ICE, joins Kevin McPartland of Coalition Greenwich to explore the future of market structure and data innovation. From prediction markets and sentiment analytics to the evolving role of ETFs in fixed income, Edmonds shares how technology and transparency are reshaping trading. He dives into ICE's advances in mortgage data, climate risk integration, and the modernization of CDS clearing. Plus, a look ahead at regulatory-driven changes in Treasury and repo markets and what they mean for liquidity and efficiency.

Chipotle is celebrating a major milestone—4,000 restaurants strong—while charting its course for global growth. CEO Scott Boatwright goes Inside the ICE House to reflect on the brand's evolution and the strategies that keep customers craving more. He explains how Chipotle balances scale with flavor, adapts to shifting consumer expectations, and leverages technology to enhance the dining experience.

Michael Reinking, NYSE Senior Market Strategist, kicks off 2026 with a look back and ahead. After a volatile Q1, the S&P 500 closed 2025 up 16.4%, marking a third straight year of double-digit gains driven by AI. Fed easing and rotation into small and midcaps shaped Q4, raising questions about whether broadening continues. Geopolitical headlines, including U.S. action in Venezuela, barely rattled markets as oil held steady. With indices near record highs and key data and earnings season ahead, investors enter the new year with cautious optimism.

Armando Pantoja, financial futurist and self-made millionaire, joins Bilal Little to discuss the technologies shaping the future of wealth. He shares how early work in computer science, crypto, and AI led to building and selling an AI-powered platform in 2017. Pantoja breaks down major long-term themes including AI, nuclear energy, quantum computing, and crypto, and why energy sits at the center of the next market cycle. He explains how ETFs can help investors access these emerging trends with diversification and risk management

Blackstone is marking 40 years of growth while positioning itself for the next era of global investing. President and COO Jon Gray goes Inside the ICE House to reflect on the firm's evolution, his 33-year journey, and the culture that has scaled alongside the business. He explains how Blackstone identifies long-term investment tailwinds, from digital infrastructure to global real estate, while cutting through market noise with data and discipline. Gray also outlines how AI, energy infrastructure, and broader access to alternative investments are shaping Blackstone's strategy for the years ahead.

In December, Inside the ICE House aired eight new episodes, both traditional and our Markets in Focus series in partnership with Opening Bell Daily. Episode 500: NYSE Texas President Bryan Daniel on Igniting Opportunity in the Lone Star State Episode 501: McGraw Hill's Dave Cortese on Driving Digital Transformation in Education Markets in Focus: Rate Cut Expectations, Bitcoin's Dip, Year-End Optimism Episode 502: Author & Entrepreneur Brad Feld on Mentorship, Leadership and Building Better Ecosystems Episode 503: Emera CEO Scott Balfour on Growth, Strategy, and the Utilities Trilemma Episode 504: Delta CEO Ed Bastian on 100 Years, Expanding Horizons, and Personalizing Every Journey Episode 505: Minerals Technologies CEO Doug Dietrich on Specialty Minerals and Their Everyday Impact Episode 506: Texas House's Will Herrmann and Alex Kuehler on Showcasing the Texas Business Advantage

Tim Reilly, Head of Exchange Traded Solutions at the NYSE, joins Bilal Little to break down the 2025 ETF Wrap-Up and reflect on a year of growth and innovation in the ETF space. He highlights key trends that shaped the market, from record launches to shifting investor demand, and shares how the NYSE positioned itself amid these changes. The conversation explores lessons learned from 2025 and the strategies driving ETF adoption across asset classes. Tim also looks ahead to 2026, offering insights into what's next for ETFs and the opportunities on the horizon.

Texas House is elevating the state's global presence by blending business, culture, and connection into a modern cultural embassy. Co-founders Will Herrmann and Alex Kuehler go Inside the ICE House to discuss how Texas House showcases the state's entrepreneurial energy, authentic culture, and role as a launchpad for global conversations and business growth.

Eric Criscuolo, NYSE Market Strategist, recaps a week shaped by year-end dynamics and shifting trends. The Fed's rate cut and $40B T-Bill program eased liquidity concerns but didn't spark broad gains. Consumer Discretionary led while Energy slid, and small caps lagged after last week's surge. With holiday seasonality, triple witching, and key data ahead, markets enter the final stretch of 2025.

Minerals Technologies is advancing the specialty minerals industry through global scale and innovation. CEO Doug Dietrich goes Inside the ICE House to discuss how MTI's unique assets, people-driven culture, and technology leadership support everyday products and sustainable solutions worldwide.

Delta Air Lines is marking 100 years of flight while charting a bold course for the future of travel. CEO Ed Bastian goes Inside the ICE House to share how the airline is expanding its global reach and redefining the passenger experience. He discusses innovations that personalize every step of the journey, strategies to enhance connectivity, and Delta's vision for the next century of aviation.

Michael Reinking, Senior Market Strategist at the NYSE, recaps a week defined by AI volatility and a Fed surprise. The AI trade continued to evolve as investors shifted focus from spending to returns, pressuring some tech names. The Fed cut rates and announced balance sheet expansion, easing liquidity concerns and fueling a sharp rotation. Small and mid-caps hit new highs while mega-cap tech lagged, leaving the S&P 500 little changed. Attention now turns to upcoming economic data and the January Fed meeting.

Austin Hankwitz and Robert Croak, hosts of the Rich Habits Podcast, join Bilal Little to discuss their rise as influential voices in personal finance. They reflect on how short-form content and authenticity helped them build a community of more than three million followers. The duo shares their approach to simplifying major market themes and identifying long-term trends across sectors like AI and energy. They also outline the principles that guide their investing philosophy and research.

Emera is advancing energy leadership through strategic investment, operational excellence, and a long-term commitment to customers and communities. CEO Scott Balfour joins Inside the ICE House to discuss how the company's NYSE listing expands access to global capital and strengthens its ability to deliver reliable, affordable power.

Brad Feld is championing a philosophy of generosity and collaboration to strengthen entrepreneurial ecosystems. The author and venture capitalist goes Inside the ICE House to share insights from his new book, "Give First: The Power of Mentorship", and how its principles shape mentorship and leadership. He discusses building better communities, fostering innovation, and why giving without expectation creates lasting impact.

Eric Criscuolo, Market Strategist at the NYSE, recaps a week marked by consolidation ahead of next week's Fed decision. After a strong post-Thanksgiving rally, the S&P 500 held above key moving averages, trading in a tight range near record highs as volatility compressed. Small caps outperformed late in the week, driven by thematic baskets tied to AI and robotics, even as rising global yields pressured equities. Crypto saw sharp swings, with Bitcoin reversing early losses to test resistance near its 20-day average. Markets close steady with attention turning to the Fed's rate cut outlook, economic projections, and major earnings on deck.

Phil Rosen of Opening Bell Daily joins Inside the ICE House to break down rising expectations for a December rate cut and what it signals about a divided Fed. He explains why a cut in a strong market could boost already bullish momentum into 2026. Phil also puts Bitcoin's recent dip in context, noting its long-term story and institutional support remain intact. He highlights December's seasonal strength as another tailwind for investors.

McGraw Hill is building on its legacy as a trusted education partner while driving a bold digital transformation. Chief Digital Information Officer David Cortese goes Inside the ICE House to share how technology is reshaping the company's approach to learning. He discusses innovations that personalize education, strategies to empower teachers, and tools that help students succeed in a rapidly changing world.

NYSE Texas is driving economic growth through innovation, market access, and strategic partnerships. President Bryan Daniel joins Inside the ICE House to discuss how Texas's pro-business foundation and collaborative leadership are creating new opportunities for companies to raise capital and scale. He highlights how entrepreneurship and a supportive regulatory environment are positioning Texas as a rising force in the global marketplace.

In November, Inside the ICE House aired seven new episodes, both traditional and our Markets in Focus series in partnership with Opening Bell Daily. Episode 494: Chemours CFO Shane Hostetter on Driving Growth Through Strategy & Innovation Episode 495: Bausch + Lomb CEO Brent Saunders on Comeback, R&D Innovation, and the Evolution of Eye Care November Markets in Focus: Labor Market Slowdown, AI Boom vs Dot Com Bubble, Market Opportunities Episode 496: CRH CEO Jim Mintern on Building the Future of the Building Materials Industry Episode 497: Athene CEO Grant Kvalheim on Addressing America's Growing Retirement Crisis Episode 498: Realty Income CEO Sumit Roy on Monthly Dividends, European Expansion, and the Future of Net Lease Episode 499: GeoPark CEO Felipe Bayon on Leading a New Era and Building Long-term Success

Bob Pisani, former CNBC Senior Markets Correspondent, joins Bilal Little to share insights from his decades covering Wall Street and global markets. He reflects on witnessing the evolution of ETFs and how they reshaped investing for institutions and individuals alike. Pisani discusses his personal approach to building a portfolio and the principles that guide his long-term strategy. He highlights lessons learned from market cycles and the importance of staying disciplined amid volatility.

GeoPark is charting a bold course for growth and energy leadership across Latin America. CEO Felipe Bayón goes Inside the ICE House to share how his first months at the helm are shaping the company's strategic vision and operational priorities. He discusses GeoPark's expansion into Argentina, its commitment to sustainable development, and the disciplined approach driving exploration and production success.

Realty Income is redefining net-lease leadership through disciplined growth, global expansion, and a commitment to dependable income. CEO Sumit Roy joins Inside the ICE House to discuss how the company's scale, diversification, and strategic international moves are strengthening long-term value. He highlights how rigorous underwriting, data-driven decisions, and a culture of operational excellence are driving efficiency, innovation, and lasting impact across commercial real estate.

Eric Criscuolo, Market Strategist at the NYSE, recaps a week defined by fading AI momentum and shifting rate expectations. The S&P 500 broke below its 50-day average before Nvidia's blowout earnings briefly lifted sentiment, only for gains to fade as selling resumed. Defensive sectors outperformed while Tech and Consumer Discretionary led declines, and crypto weakness added to risk-off signals. Labor data pushed yields lower and revived rate-cut bets, even as volatility ticked higher. The week closes with markets testing the 100-day average and eyes on holiday-shortened trading, economic updates, and sector rotation ahead.

Athene is redefining retirement security through innovation, scale, and long-term vision. CEO Grant Kvalheim joins Inside the ICE House to discuss how the company's five-year growth plan is expanding its market leadership and helping millions of Americans build more confident retirements. He shares how Athene's partnership with Apollo Global Management, commitment to digital transformation, and culture of ownership are driving efficiency, innovation, and lasting impact across the retirement services industry.

CRH is reshaping the future of building materials through innovation, scale, and strategic growth. CEO Jim Mintern joins Inside the ICE House to discuss how the company's record performance and U.S. focus are driving infrastructure renewal and sustainable development. He shares how CRH's connected portfolio, entrepreneurial culture, and recent acquisitions are strengthening its leadership and advancing long-term growth across America's built environment.

Michael Reinking, Senior Market Strategist at the NYSE, recaps a week marked by the end of a record 43-day government shutdown and fading AI euphoria. Markets wrestled with delayed data and Fed caution on rate cuts as volatility ticked higher. AI stocks cooled after bubble warnings and bearish bets, while investors rotated toward quality and large caps. Crypto weakness and rising VIX added to risk-off signals. The week closed steady, with eyes on earnings, global PMIs, and fresh economic data ahead.

Eric Fine, Portfolio Manager, Emerging Market Debt at VanEck, joins Bilal Little to discuss how emerging markets are redefining opportunity within global fixed income. He explains how stronger fiscal discipline, independent central banks, and attractive yields are positioning EM bonds as resilient and rewarding investments. Fine shares how his international background and policy experience shape his approach to analyzing countries through markets. Please note that VanEck may offer investments products that invest in the asset class(es) or industries included in this video. This is not an offer to buy or sell, or a recommendation to buy or sell any of the securities, financial instruments or digital assets mentioned herein. The information presented does not involve the rendering of personalized investment, financial, legal, tax advice, or any call to action. Certain statements contained herein may constitute projections, forecasts and other forward-looking statements, which do not reflect actual results, are for illustrative purposes only, are valid as of the date of this communication, and are subject to change without notice. Actual future performance of any assets or industries mentioned are unknown. Information provided by third party sources are believed to be reliable and have not been independently verified for accuracy or completeness and cannot be guaranteed. VanEck does not guarantee the accuracy of third party data. The information herein represents the opinion of the author(s), but not necessarily those of VanEck or its other employees. There are inherent risks with fixed income investing. These risks may include interest rate, call, credit, market, inflation, government policy, liquidity, or junk bond. When interest rates rise, bond prices fall. This risk is heightened with investments in longer duration fixed-income securities and during periods when prevailing interest rates are low or negative. Investments in emerging markets bonds may be substantially more volatile, and substantially less liquid, than the bonds of governments, government agencies, and government-owned corporations located in more developed foreign markets. Emerging markets bonds can have greater custodial and operational risks, and less developed legal and accounting systems than developed markets. Gold investments are subject to the risks associated with concentrating its assets in the gold industry, which can be significantly affected by international economic, monetary and political developments. Investments in gold may decline in value due to developments specific to the gold industry. Foreign gold security investments involve risks related to adverse political and economic developments unique to a country or a region, currency fluctuations or controls, and the possibility of arbitrary action by foreign governments, or political, economic or social instability. Gold investments are subject to risks associated with investments in U.S. and non-U.S. issuers, commodities and commodity-linked derivatives, commodities and commodity-linked derivatives tax, gold-mining industry, derivatives, emerging market securities, foreign currency transactions, foreign securities, other investment companies, management, market, non-diversification, operational, regulatory, small- and medium-capitalization companies and subsidiary risks. All investing is subject to risk, including the possible loss of the money you invest. As with any investment strategy, there is no guarantee that investment objectives will be met and investors may lose money. Diversification does not ensure a profit or protect against a loss in a declining market. Past performance is no guarantee of future performance. No part of this material may be reproduced in any form, or referred to in any other publication, without express written permission of Van Eck Associates Corporation.

Phil Rosen of Opening Bell Daily joins Inside the ICE House to unpack the forces driving the U.S. labor market slowdown. He explains how Fed rate hikes, the post-pandemic hiring reversal, and AI adoption are reshaping employment trends. While AI often gets the blame, Phil notes it's just one piece of a larger economic shift. He also shares why today's AI boom differs from the dot-com era and how younger investors continue to see market pullbacks as buying opportunities.

Bausch + Lomb is redefining eye health through innovation, culture, and patient-centered care. Chairman and CEO Brent Saunders joins Inside the ICE House to share how his return is fueling a transformation focused on talent, agility, and breakthrough science. He discusses how the company's renewed culture of grit and ownership, combined with an innovative R&D pipeline, is accelerating innovation and raising the standard of care for patients worldwide.

Eric Criscuolo, Market Strategist at the NYSE, recaps a week where markets pulled back as Tech lost steam and defensive sectors gained ground. The Fed cut rates as expected, but Chair Powell's hawkish tone cooled hopes for further easing. Political headlines added uncertainty, with Democrats outperforming on Election Day and the Supreme Court questioning Trump-era tariffs. M&A activity surged, led by Kimberly Clark's $50B bid for Kenvue and a pharma bidding war between Pfizer and Novo Nordisk. Investors now look ahead to key earnings, economic data, and the impact of the government shutdown as the year-end trading calendar tightens.

In October, Inside the ICE House aired eight new episodes, six traditional episodes, Markets in focus with Opening Bell Daily's Phil Rosen and Inside the ICE House breakfast on the balcony with Fetch CEO Wes Schroll. Episode 488: KKR's Pete Stavros on Ownership, Opportunity, and the Future of Work Episode 489: Charlotte Hornets' Shelly Cayette-Weston on Business, Buzz, & Building with Judi Health October Markets in Focus: Shutdowns, AI Optimism, and Bitcoin's 'Uptober' Rally On the Balcony: Building, Rewarding, and Redefining Loyalty with Fetch CEO Wes Schroll Episode 490: Workiva's Mike Rost & Mandi McReynolds on Data, Decisions, & Driving Growth Through Synergy Episode 491: Author Jon Levy on "Team Intelligence" and the Power of Trust, Collaboration and Group Potential Episode 492: ATM Media CEO Robert Wheeler on Brand Building and Turning Moments into Content Episode 493: Snowflake's Christian Kleinerman on innovation, Evolution and the Art of Collaboration

Marketing is undergoing a seismic shift as technology, consumer behavior, and leadership styles evolve. Michael Kassan, a trailblazer at the intersection of media, marketing, and innovation, has helped shape that transformation. He joins Inside the ICE House to share how modern leaders must adapt their thinking to stay ahead, build resilient brands, and navigate the complexities of a rapidly changing landscape. Kassan reflects on his journey, the future of marketing in an AI-driven world, and the leadership principles that continue to guide him through disruption and opportunity.

Chemours is reshaping leadership in the chemical industry through innovation, sustainability, and responsible growth. CFO Shane Hostetter joins Inside the ICE House to discuss how the company's Pathway to Thrive strategy is driving operational excellence and long-term value. He shares how Chemours is investing in next-gen technologies—from liquid cooling for AI data centers to advanced EV battery materials—while upholding fiscal discipline and environmental stewardship.

Michael Reinking, Senior Market Strategist at the NYSE, recaps a week where markets hit record highs amid shifting dynamics. A softer CPI print confirmed a Fed rate cut, while tech led gains on surging AI optimism and Nvidia crossing $5T in market cap. Earnings remained strong, driven by massive AI infrastructure investments from hyperscalers. Trade talks delivered a limited U.S.-China truce, easing some uncertainty but leaving tariff challenges ahead. The week ended with mixed reactions to the Fed's cautious tone as investors look toward more earnings and key economic data next week.

Bryan Staff, Co-Founder and Managing Partner of Merchant Investment Management, joins Bilal Little to discuss how the firm is empowering advisors through independence, innovation, and scale. He explains how Merchant's model enables wealth managers to create and manage their own ETFs, blending institutional capabilities with entrepreneurial flexibility. Staff highlights how technology, customization, and education are driving advisor adoption and transforming client engagement. He also shares how Merchant is bridging the gap between asset management and advisory services to deliver more personalized investment solutions.

Michael Evans, Group Sustainability Insights Manager at International Airlines Group (IAG) and ICE's Adelfio Ronci discuss how airlines are preparing for the first phase of CORSIA.

Juan Carlos Arredondo, Director of Knowledge, Policy and Advocacy at Abatable and Member of Technical Advisory Body (TAB) for ICAO's Council, joins ICE's Adelfio Ronci to discuss the TAB process behind CEEUs.