Podcasts about agshalelaw

In this episode of the Farmland Energy Legal Podcast, we are joined by Dillon Lightfoot, a third-year law student at Penn State Law and the Penn State School of International Affairs, and a research assistant at the Center for Agricultural and Shale Law. Dillon provides and overview of foreign ownership of agricultural land in the United States, analyzing relevant state and federal policies. Dillon and Chloe then discuss recent trends and developments in the area - and explore the federal government's role in monitoring and regulating foreign ownership of agricultural land. Guest: Dillon Lightfoot, Research Assistant Host:  Chloe Marie, Research Specialist  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law   Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes and is licensed under CC BY 3.0. 

In this episode of the Farmland Energy Legal Podcast, we are joined by Jasmine Gunning, a third-year law student at Penn State Law and a research assistant at the Center for Agricultural and Shale Law. Jasmine discusses dust pollution in rural Pennsylvania and its impact on the general public and on the agricultural field. She discusses different practical solutions to tackle the road dust problem including the use of a byproduct of the oil and gas industry — brine. Jasmine and Chloe discuss the pros and cons of spreading brine on rural Pennsylvania roads, as well as state regulations on the use of brine as a dust suppressant. Guest: Jasmine Gunning, Research Assistant Host:  Chloe Marie, Research Specialist  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law   Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes and is licensed under CC BY 3.0. 

In this episode of the Farmland Energy Legal Podcast, we are joined by Josh Narey, a second-year student at Penn State Law and a Research Assistant at the Center Agricultural and Shale Law at Penn State. Josh speaks about the methane production process in manure on farms, and how methane can be used as a renewable energy source. We also talk about what the federal and state governments are doing to regulate both methane emissions and how farmers can use the gas as an energy source. Guest: Josh Narey, Research Assistant Host:  Chloe Marie, Research Specialist  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law   Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes and is licensed under CC BY 3.0. 

In this episode of the Farmland Energy Legal Podcast, we are joined by Lonzie Helmes, a second-year student at Penn State Law and a Research Assistant at the Center Agricultural and Shale Law at Penn State. Lonzie gives us an introduction to hydrogen, how it can be used to replace current fertilizer processes, and recent developments in how the U.S. government has incentivized an increase in production of hydrogen projects.  Guest: Lonzie Helmes, Research Assistant Host:  Chloe Marie, Research Specialist  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law   Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes and is licensed under CC BY 3.0. 

In this episode of the Farmland Energy Legal Podcast, we are joined by Kole Zellers, a second-year student at Penn State Law and a Research Assistant at the Center Agricultural and Shale Law at Penn State. Kole gives us an introduction to the uses of anaerobic digestion and how it can be utilized for both energy and fertilization on farmland and how the U.S. government can incentivize increased use of the process in the future.  Guest: Kole Zellers, Research Assistant Host:  Chloe Marie, Research Specialist  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law   Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes and is licensed under CC BY 3.0. 

In this episode of the Farmland Energy Legal Podcast, we are joined by Avery McLean, a second-year student at Penn State Law and a Research Assistant at the Center Agricultural and Shale Law at Penn State, for the second of a two-part introduction to carbon pricing programs and agriculture. In this episode, we address specific questions that farmers interested in entering the carbon market may ask about carbon pricing.  Guest: Avery McLean, Research Assistant Host:  Chloe Marie, Research Specialist  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law   Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes and is licensed under CC BY 3.0. 

In this episode of the Farmland Energy Legal Podcast, we are joined by Avery McLean, a second-year student at Penn State Law and a research Assistant at the Center Agricultural and Shale Law at Penn State, for the first of a two-part introduction to Carbon Pricing Programs and agriculture. In this discussion, Avery introduces us to the basics of carbon pricing: methods to establish carbon prices, policy decisionmaking, and governmental approaches in Canada, Mexico, and the United States. Guest: Avery McLean, Research Assistant Host:  Chloe Marie, Research Specialist  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law   Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes and is licensed under CC BY 3.0. 

In this inaugural episode of the Farmland Energy Legal Podcast, we are joined by Research Specialist Chloe Marie who gives us an overview of agrivoltaics. We discuss how agrivoltaics can be used to combine solar panels and farmland to improve land productivity by allowing farmers to simultaneously grow produce and create energy. Guest: Chloe Marie, Research Specialist  Host:  Jackie Schweichler, Staff Attorney Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law   Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes and is licensed under CC BY 3.0. 

New commercial poultry premise detections have decreased nationally, the EPA released renewable fuel volume blending obligations for the refining industry, the USDA announced a $3 billion investment in a "Food Systems Transformation" framework, and right to repair lawsuits against John Deere have been consolidated in the Northern District of Illinois.   Hosted by Ethan Durand, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Ethan Durand   Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) has been confirmed at 13 Pa. and 178 national commercial poultry operations and the United States has twice rejected Canada's dairy tariff-rate quota proposals. Also, EPA found “no confidence” in Pa.'s Chesapeake Bay Phase III Watershed Implementation Plan and the Supreme Court denied certiorari to Kansas's appeal of the Tenth Circuit's ruling that its “ag-gag” is unconstitutional.   Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson   Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

USDA confirmed highly pathogenic avian influenza in commercial layer flocks in Pennsylvania and the White House announced EPA will issue an E15 national emergency waiver in June. Then, the Chesapeake Bay Principals' Staff Committee and the Pa. Dept. of Environ. Protection sent letters responding to EPA's evaluation of ‘no confidence' for funding in the Conowingo Watershed Implementation Plan. Also, OMB is reviewing draft guidance on plant-based dairy alternative labeling and FDA opened the comment period for the scientific questions to guide the upcoming 2025 Dietary Guidelines. Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending April 15, 2022.  Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

A federal district court enjoined Iowa's March 2019 “ag-gag” law and the Tenth Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed a district court's dismissal of a “Product of the USA” meat labeling lawsuit. Also, a new Pennsylvania regulation exempts hayride owners from the engineer verification requirement for ride registration. Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending March 18, 2022.  Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

Organic Valley sent letters of intent to 80 northeast organic dairy producers and the 2022 Appropriations Act provided $1 million for a Cattle Contract Library pilot program. Then, FDA allowed the food use of genetically altered cattle and New York passed a law allowing hemp producers to apply for conditional marijuana cultivation licenses. Also, highly pathogenic avian influenza continues to spread throughout the United States.   Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending March 11, 2022.  Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza was found in domestic poultry in twelve states and a California federal court denied a preliminary injunction against Proposition 12. Then, EPA issued an order denying all objections to its final rule revoking all chlorpyrifos tolerances and Hanover Foods entered into a consent order with EPA over multiple wastewater treatment facility violations. Also, several organizations issued a letter to state leaders advocating for federal review of hemp in animal feed.   Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Weeks Ending February 25, 2022 and March 4, 2022.  Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

Multiple ag groups filed suit to stay EPA's chlorpyrifos prohibition rule and highly pathogenic avian influenza was confirmed in commercial flocks in Indiana and Kentucky. Also, the state of Maryland, along with several environmental groups, filed suit against Valley Protein.   Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending February 11, 2022 Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

A federal court found that a Pennsylvania mushroom cooperative was not entitled to antitrust protection and JBS will pay $52.5 million in a settlement agreement with the direct purchaser plaintiffs in a beef antitrust class action suit. Also, USDA and DOJ announced a new online portal for anticompetitive practice complaint submissions.   Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending February 4, 2022 Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

A California state court delayed enforcement of Proposition 12's whole pork square footage requirements on retailers and USDA published its Pesticide Data Program 2020 Annual Summary. Also, EPA announced that the agency will conduct unannounced inspections to protect public health in disadvantaged communities.   Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending January 28, 2022 Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

USDA published a report detailing the effects of retaliatory tariffs on U.S. agriculture exports and the Farm, Ranch, and Rural Communities Federal Advisory Committee published its December 2021 recommendations to EPA. Also, a federal court denied SueBee honey maker's motion to dismiss a suit alleging that the company's glyphosate-containing honey was deceptively labeled as ‘Pure' and EPA approved Enlist and Enlist Duo registrations for an additional seven years with restrictions and prohibitions on its uses.   Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending January 21, 2022 Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

The U.S. Supreme Court imposed a stay on OSHA's worker vaccination rule and denied review of the D.C. Circuit Court's order prohibiting year-round sales of E15. Also, several environmental groups filed a motion to remove a stay on a case challenging EPA's 2020 dicamba registrations after EPA's publication of its 2021 dicamba report and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) was detected in captive and wild birds in Canada and the United States.    Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending January 14, 2022 Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

EPA published its 2021 dicamba report, a GAO report revealed errors in the USDA Market Facilitation Program, and a federal court dismissed Round-Up claims under Texas products liability laws. Then, Massachusetts delayed implementation of its animal welfare law while California issued Prop 12 guidance and the USDA and DOJ announced a joint antitrust initiative. Also, a USMCA dispute panel found Canada's tariff-rate quota set-aside for dairy processors a violation of the agreement.      Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review Weeks Ending December 24 & 31, 2021 and Week Ending January 7, 2022 Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

The White House issued a statement linking meat processors' profits to rising food prices and EPA announced new Renewable Fuel Standard volume requirements.  Also, a California jury found that Bayer's Roundup did not cause cancer, the Department of Labor revised H-2A minimum wage calculations, and Kansas filed for Supreme Court review of its ‘ag-gag' law. Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—week ending November 26, 2021, the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—week ending December 3, 2021, and the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—week ending December 10, 2021 Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

OSHA issued a vaccination mandate which was immediately stayed by a federal court and the EPA and Army published a proposed rule defining “waters of the United States.”  Then, EPA levied the first federal fines for dicamba violations and plaintiffs in the broiler chicken antitrust case filed a motion opposing the defendants' judgment sharing agreement.  Also, participants in the Glasgow Climate Change Summit signed the Food and Climate Declaration.    Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending November 5, 2021, Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending November 12, 2021, and Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending November 19, 2021 Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

Join Brook Duer, CASL staff attorney and former Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture Chief Counsel, with host Audry Thompson in a discussion of the 2020-2021 fiscal year in review of the Pennsylvania Milk Marketing Board. The Center for Agricultural and Shale Law's Agricultural Law Issue Trackers document the chronological legislative, regulatory, and case law developments around important legal ag issues.    Stay up to date with research from the Center for Agricultural and Shale Law's topical ag issue resources!   Agricultural Law Issue Trackers:  Agricultural Antitrust Bioengineered Food Disclosure Cell-Cultured Food Regulations CERCLA/EPCRA Reporting COVID-19 Dicamba Genetically Modified Salmon Glyphosate H-2A Program Meat Labeling Law Pa. Milk Marketing Board Legal Developments Spotted Lanternfly Waters of the United States Agricultural Law Virtual Resource Rooms:  Bioengineered Disclosure Pa. Agricultural Area Security Law Pa. Right to Farm Act ACRE/Pa. Act 38 Pa. Clean and Green Act Hosted & Produced by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant   Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

Join Brook Duer, CASL staff attorney and former Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture Chief Counsel, with host Audry Thompson in a discussion of the 2020-2021 fiscal year in review of the Pennsylvania Milk Marketing Board. The Center for Agricultural and Shale Law's Agricultural Law Issue Trackers document the chronological legislative, regulatory, and case law developments around important legal ag issues.    Stay up to date with research from the Center for Agricultural and Shale Law's topical ag issue resources!   Agricultural Law Issue Trackers:  Agricultural Antitrust Bioengineered Food Disclosure Cell-Cultured Food Regulations CERCLA/EPCRA Reporting COVID-19 Dicamba Genetically Modified Salmon Glyphosate H-2A Program Meat Labeling Law Pa. Milk Marketing Board Legal Developments Spotted Lanternfly Waters of the United States Agricultural Law Virtual Resource Rooms:  Bioengineered Disclosure Pa. Agricultural Area Security Law Pa. Right to Farm Act ACRE/Pa. Act 38 Pa. Clean and Green Act Hosted & Produced by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant   Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

Join Brook Duer, CASL staff attorney and former Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture Chief Counsel, with host Audry Thompson in a discussion of the 2020-2021 fiscal year in review of the Pennsylvania Milk Marketing Board. The Center for Agricultural and Shale Law's Agricultural Law Issue Trackers document the chronological legislative, regulatory, and case law developments around important legal ag issues.    Stay up to date with research from the Center for Agricultural and Shale Law's topical ag issue resources!   Agricultural Law Issue Trackers:  Agricultural Antitrust Bioengineered Food Disclosure Cell-Cultured Food Regulations CERCLA/EPCRA Reporting COVID-19 Dicamba Genetically Modified Salmon Glyphosate H-2A Program Meat Labeling Law Pa. Milk Marketing Board Legal Developments Spotted Lanternfly Waters of the United States Agricultural Law Virtual Resource Rooms:  Bioengineered Disclosure Pa. Agricultural Area Security Law Pa. Right to Farm Act ACRE/Pa. Act 38 Pa. Clean and Green Act Hosted & Produced by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant   Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

A federal court found that investors adequately alleged securities claims against Bayer's Monsanto purchase and CBD retailer Friends NYC sued PayPal for suspending its account. Also, the Ninth Circuit upheld a lower court's dismissal of bottled water mislabeling claims against Nestlé and industry groups appealed the Arizona district court's August 2021 WOTUS vacatur.   Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending October 29, 2021 Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

A federal court declined to dismiss a suit seeking to compel USDA to regulate animal handling in poultry processing plants and the Humane Society filed suit against Smithfield Foods claiming that the company's use of gestation crates is misleading. Also, several producer groups filed an EPA petition challenging the agency's chlorpyrifos tolerance revocation and the New York Public Employment Relations Board certified state's first agricultural worker union.   Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending October 22, 2021 Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

Join Chloe Marie, research specialist, with host Audry Thompson in a discussion of laws governing Cell-Cultured Food Regulations from the Center's Agricultural Law Issue Trackers.  The Center for Agricultural and Shale Law's Agricultural Law Issue Trackers document the chronological legislative, regulatory, and case law developments around important legal ag issues.    Stay up to date with research from the Center for Agricultural and Shale Law's topical ag issue resources!   Agricultural Law Issue Trackers:  Agricultural Antitrust Bioengineered Food Disclosure Cell-Cultured Food Regulations CERCLA/EPCRA Reporting COVID-19 Dicamba Genetically Modified Salmon Glyphosate H-2A Program Meat Labeling Law Pa. Milk Marketing Board Legal Developments Spotted Lanternfly Waters of the United States Agricultural Law Virtual Resource Rooms:  Bioengineered Disclosure Pa. Agricultural Area Security Law Pa. Right to Farm Act ACRE/Pa. Act 38 Pa. Clean and Green Act Hosted & Produced by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant   Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

A biofuel advocacy group filed a petition seeking Supreme Court review of the D.C. Circuit's E15 vacatur and the D.C. Federal District Court ruled that R-CALF sufficiently pled standing in a Federal Beef Checkoff Program challenge. Also, the New Mexico Federal District Court denied dismissal of ‘Product of the U.S.' beef mislabeling claims and USDA announced new ‘micro farm' whole-farm revenue protection for locally-selling producers. Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending October 8, 2021 Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

The National Pork Producers Council and American Farm Bureau Federation filed a petition asking the U.S. Supreme Court to hear a commerce clause challenge to California's Proposition 12 and the New Mexico district court vacated the Navigable Waters Protection Rule. Also, a Texas district court dismissed a COVID-19 negligence suit filed against Tyson Foods and a complaint filed against Pennsylvania-based Hanover Foods alleges that the company violated the Clean Water Act. Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending October 1, 2021    Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

Join Chloe Marie, research specialist, with host Audry Thompson in a discussion of laws governing Bioengineered Food Disclosure and Genetically Modified Salmon from the Center's Agricultural Law Issue Trackers.  The Center for Agricultural and Shale Law's Agricultural Law Issue Trackers document the chronological legislative, regulatory, and case law developments around important legal ag issues.    Stay up to date with research from the Center for Agricultural and Shale Law's topical ag issue resources!   Agricultural Law Issue Trackers:  Agricultural Antitrust Bioengineered Food Disclosure Cell-Cultured Food Regulations CERCLA/EPCRA Reporting COVID-19 Dicamba Genetically Modified Salmon Glyphosate H-2A Program Meat Labeling Law Pa. Milk Marketing Board Legal Developments Spotted Lanternfly Waters of the United States Agricultural Law Virtual Resource Rooms:  Bioengineered Disclosure Pa. Agricultural Area Security Law Pa. Right to Farm Act ACRE/Pa. Act 38 Pa. Clean and Green Act Hosted & Produced by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant   Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

A Minnesota federal court denied all motions to dismiss filed by beef packers in consolidated civil antitrust litigation and EPA rescinded its prior guidance document on the “Waters of the United States” Maui case. Then, a U.S. Supreme Court petition seeks review of the 2006 Rapanos Clean Water Act analysis and USDA announced a transport suspension and African swine fever protection zone in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands.   Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending September 17, 2021 and Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending September 24, 2021 Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.  

Join Chloe Marie, research specialist, with host Audry Thompson in a recap of glyphosate litigation developments from the Center's Glyphosate Issue Tracker. The Center's Agricultural Law Issue Trackers document the chronological legislative, regulatory, and case law developments around important legal ag issues.    Stay up to date with research from the Center for Agricultural and Shale Law's topical ag issue resources!   Agricultural Law Issue Trackers:  Agricultural Antitrust Bioengineered Food Disclosure Cell-Cultured Food Regulations CERCLA/EPCRA Reporting COVID-19 Dicamba Genetically Modified Salmon Glyphosate H-2A Program Meat Labeling Law Pa. Milk Marketing Board Legal Developments Spotted Lanternfly Waters of the United States Agricultural Law Virtual Resource Rooms:  Bioengineered Disclosure Pa. Agricultural Area Security Law Pa. Right to Farm Act ACRE/Pa. Act 38 Pa. Clean and Green Act Hosted & Produced by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant   Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0. Photo by FOX from Pexels

The White House announced its intent to address the effects meat processing industry consolidation on consumers, farmers and ranchers. Then, USDA announced $700 million for the COVID-19 Farmworker and Food Worker Relief Grant Program and $650 million in Pandemic Response and Safety Grants for small business producers. Also, the Pennsylvania Milk Marketing Board issued a bulletin enforcing minimum prices for USDA milk purchases.   Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending September 10, 2021   Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0. Photo by Mark Stebnicki from Pexels

The Arizona federal district court vacated the 2020 Navigable Waters Protection Rule and the Massachusetts federal district court remanded the rule, citing the Arizona court ruling.  Also, the D.C. Court of Appeals ruled the Animal Legal Defense Fund has standing to sue Hormel for misleading “Natural Choice” advertising and Plainville Farms issued a statement detailing its actions in response to a PETA video.    Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending September 3, 2021  Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0. Photo by Dave Hoefler on Unsplash

The Tenth Circuit upheld an injunction of Kansas's ag-gag law, finding provisions of the law unconstitutional, and USDA announced the Dairy Donation Program, $300 million for SARS-CoV-2 zoonotic disease surveillance, and CFAP 2 revenue adjustments for contract producers. Then, the Pennsylvania Milk Marketing Board entered into a consent order with Upstate Niagara Cooperative and Danone terminated contracts with northeast organic dairy producers. Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending August 27, 2021 Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

EPA invalidated all tolerance levels of chlorpyrifos, prohibiting use of the pesticide on food and Bayer filed for U.S. Supreme Court review of the Hardeman Round-Up/glyphosate verdict. Also, a federal court ruled that plant-based company Miyoko's Kitchen may use the term “butter” and USDA announced the Pandemic Market Volatility Assistance Program for dairy producers.   Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson   Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending August 20, 2021   Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

A California state appellate court affirmed Monsanto/Bayer's glyphosate liability verdict in Pilliod v. Monsanto. Then, the Eight Circuit Court of Appeals upheld the Access Provision of Iowa's 2012 ag-gag law and found that the animal advocacy plaintiffs challenging an Arkansas ag-gag law have standing to sue. Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending August 13, 2021   Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

Five U.S. Senators introduced federal legislation to block California's Proposition 12 and a California state court ruled that FIFRA preempts state glyphosate products liability claims. Also, Bayer announced that it will seek a U.S. Supreme Court appeal of the Hardeman verdict and remove glyphosate from consumer products.  Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending August 6, 2021   Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

Part 2 of a conversation from the Center's July 2021 Dairy Quarterly Legal Update webinar between Ross Pifer, Director of the Center for Agricultural and Shale Law, and Chloe Marie, Research Specialist, on economic and trade issues regarding geographic indications in the U.S. and European Union dairy industries. Geographical indications, known as GIs, are a form of intellectual property that protects some products with specific attributes due to their origin from a particular country, region, or area. Listen to Part 1: Special Episode #8. Geographic Indications in International Dairy Trade—Part 1: Legal Framework Webinar PowerPoints. April–June 2021 Dairy Quarterly Legal Update Publication. More webinars from the Center for Agricultural and Shale Law. Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes, licensed under CC BY 3.0.

Part 1 of a conversation from the Center's July 2021 Dairy Quarterly Legal Update webinar between Ross Pifer, Director of the Center for Agricultural and Shale Law, and Chloe Marie, Research Specialist, on international and U.S. laws governing geographical indications in the U.S. and European Union dairy industries. Geographical indications, known as GIs, are a form of intellectual property that protects some products with specific attributes due to their origin from a particular country, region, or area. Webinar PowerPoints. April–June 2021 Dairy Quarterly Legal Update Publication. More webinars from the Center for Agricultural and Shale Law. Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes, licensed under CC BY 3.0.

The Ninth Circuit Upheld California's Proposition 12 and USDA's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service confirmed African Swine fever in the Dominican Republic. Also, the EPA and U.S. Army announced public meetings and public comment docket for their re-write of a new “Waters of the United States” rule and USDA announced $67 million for the Heirs' Property Relending Program.    Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending July 30, 2021     Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

The County of Maui filed a request asking the Hawaii Federal District Court to follow EPA's January 2021 Waters of the United States guidance, arguing there is no need for the county to obtain a Clean Water Act permit. Then, New York finalized its prohibition on chlorpyrifos and twelve trade groups formed the Protein PACT Initiative. Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending July 23, 2021     Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

Join Chloe Marie, research specialist, and Brook Duer, staff attorney, as they recap dicamba regulation and litigation developments from the Center's Dicamba Tracker. The Center's Agricultural Law Issue Trackers document the chronological legislative, regulatory, and case law developments around important legal ag issues.    Stay up to date with research from the Center for Agricultural and Shale Law's topical ag issue resources!   Agricultural Law Issue Trackers:  Agricultural Antitrust Bioengineered Food Disclosure Cell-Cultured Food Regulations CERCLA/EPCRA Reporting COVID-19 Dicamba Genetically Modified Salmon Glyphosate H-2A Program Meat Labeling Law Pa. Milk Marketing Board Legal Developments Spotted Lanternfly Waters of the United States Agricultural Law Virtual Resource Rooms:  Bioengineered Disclosure Pa. Agricultural Area Security Law Pa. Right to Farm Act ACRE/Pa. Act 38 Pa. Clean and Green Act Hosted & Produced by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant   Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

A district court granted EPA's request to remand the Navigable Waters Protection Rule and the D.C. Circuit Court remanded EPA's 2019 Renewable Fuel Standard Rule. Then, a Hawaii district court ruled that the County of Maui must obtain a Federal Clean Water Act permit for injection well wastewater disposal and turkey price-fixing plaintiffs filed a motion to approve a $1.75 million settlement with Tyson. Also, USDA announced the Pandemic Livestock Indemnity Program and seeks comment on how to spend $500 million to improve meat and poultry processing. Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending July 16, 2021   Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

The White House issued an Executive Order on economic competition and USDA announced actions in response while the Federal Trade Commission issued a new “Made in USA” labeling rule.  Then, Pennsylvania enacted a law limiting civil liability for agritourism activities and a federal court denied a Pennsylvania poultry processor's motion to appeal in Clean Water Act case. Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending July 9, 2021 Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

The Supreme Court denied review of California's Proposition 12 and the D.C. Circuit vacated an EPA rule allowing year-round sales of E-15. Also, the Council on Environmental Quality extended the deadline for agencies to propose National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) regulations and the Mississippi Supreme Court upheld the use of deer-deterring propane cannons under the state's “Right to Farm” law.   Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson   Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—Week Ending July 2, 2021     Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

A federal court in Missouri approved a $39.5 million Roundup settlement and awarded a cy pres payment while a federal court in Wyoming dismissed a suit challenging RFID tags and the Tenth Circuit vacated the small refinery RFS exemptions issued by the prior administration.  Then, a report from EPA’s Inspector General found decreased EPA enforcement due to lack of funding and a Michigan dairy farm was penalized for NPDS violations. Also, Mexico extended the compliance deadline for U.S. producers under the country’s recently enacted Organic Products Law while USDA announced payments to socially disadvantaged farmers Under and reopened the comment period for the Origin of Livestock Rule under the National Organic Program.   Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—May 21, 2021  Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

The White House is reviewing OSHA’s long-delayed Emergency Temporary Standard and the Ninth Circuit directed EPA to either ban chlorpyrifos use entirely or determine a food residue tolerance that will cause no harm.  Then, multiple federal milk marketing order reform proposals were announced, and producer groups announced they will file emergency USDA hearing petitions.  Also, we catch up on a “lightning round” of several developments from recent weeks.   Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—week ending April 23, 2021 and the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—week ending April 30, 2021  Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.

The Iowa legislature passed its fourth 'ag-gag' law and Maryland appealed a court ruling that required it to regulate ammonia air emissions for Clean Water Act NPDES permits.  Then, a Delaware poultry plant settled simultaneous class action and regulatory enforcement suits for $205 million and the Pennsylvania Commonwealth Court upheld a NPDES permit issued to Keystone Protein.  Hosted by Audry Thompson, Research Assistant—With Brook Duer, Staff Attorney—Produced & Written by Audry Thompson Material from the Agricultural Law Weekly Review—week ending April 16, 2021 Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law https://aglaw.psu.edu/  Follow us on Twitter @AgShaleLaw  Like us on Facebook Penn State Center for Agricultural and Shale Law This material is based upon work supported by the National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Music is “Caazapá (Aire Popular Paraguayo)” by Edson Lopes is licensed under CC BY 3.0.