Podcasts about klamath tribes

Iowa is testing new legal limits as the first state to remove gender identity as a protected class in the state's civil rights code. The Trump administration is also removing transgender service personnel from the military. And the State Department is using existing law against fraud to bar foreign transgender athletes from entering the country, something critics worry could be used to ban any trans traveler. After years of progress, Native American trans residents are facing a major rollback of favorable laws and policies. We'll hear about the current public climate and what might be in store for the future. GUESTS Shelby Chestnut (Assiniboine), executive director of the Transgender Law Center Stephanie Byers (Chickasaw), former Kansas state representative Vernon Gonzales (Houma), trans advocate Shuína Skó (Klamath Tribes), Two-Spirit poet, author, & cultural consultant

Iowa is testing new legal limits as the first state to remove gender identity as a protected class in the state's civil rights code. The Trump administration is also removing transgender service personnel from the military. And the State Department is using existing law against fraud to bar foreign transgender athletes from entering the country, something critics worry could be used to ban any trans traveler. After years of progress, Native American trans residents are facing a major rollback of favorable laws and policies. We'll hear about the current public climate and what might be in store for the future. GUESTS Shelby Chestnut (Assiniboine), executive director of the Transgender Law Center Stephanie Byers (Chickasaw), former Kansas state representative Vernon Gonzales (Houma), trans advocate Shuína Skó (Klamath Tribes), Two-Spirit poet, author, & cultural consultant

Crater Lake, the ghost of the mighty Mount Mazama, is more than just breathtakingly blue waters—it's a place steeped in legend, tragedy, and the unexplained. In this episode, we dive into the Klamath Tribes' epic tale of a volcanic battle between the spirits of the Above and Below Worlds, culminating in Mount Mazama's cataclysmic collapse 8,000 years ago.We'll explore the science behind its impossibly clear and vivid blue hue, its standing as the deepest lake in the United States, and its eerie reputation as a sacred and hypnotic site. From the mysterious Old Man of the Lake—a 450-year-old floating log with an uncanny knack for influencing weather—to phantom islands, ghostly lodge residents, and even Bigfoot sightings, Crater Lake proves to be a hotbed of intrigue.Plus, we'll share spine-chilling stories of disappearances, tragic suicides, plane crashes, and UFO sightings over its mirror-like surface. Is it a portal to the underworld? A home to cryptids and aliens? Or simply nature at its most awe-inspiring and enigmatic? Join us as we unravel the haunting tales, paranormal encounters, and unsolved mysteries that make Crater Lake one of the most captivating and spooky spots in the Pacific Northwest.988 Suicide and Crisis LifelineVisit our website! Find us on Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, Patreon, & more! If you have any true crime, paranormal, or witchy stories you'd like to share with us & possibly have them read (out loud) on an episode, email us at pnwhauntsandhomicides@gmail.com or use this link. There are so many ways that you can support the show: BuyMeACoffee, Spreaker, or by leaving a rating & review on Apple Podcasts. Sources

What if the answers to the climate crisis are here? In this special Indigenous Peoples' Day episode, host Frank Oscar Weaver speaks with Indigenous leaders from across the world who are on the front lines of the fight to protect their lands and our planet. Impirita, an Indigenous leader from Peru, shares the harsh reality her community faces as industrial mining contaminates rivers that have provided life and sustenance for generations. “All these rivers are contaminated, not just by sewage, but also by mining activities,” – Impirita Frank reflects on the wisdom of Indigenous teachings, like those of Dr. Don Dexter from the Klamath Tribes, who explains how removing Indigenous people from their lands disrupts a natural cycle that keeps ecosystems in balance. Beth Tupara-Katene from Aotearoa (New Zealand) reminds us of the deep responsibility of reciprocity between people and nature, and the urgent need to protect sacred lands. From the ancient mounds of the Tocobaga tribe in Florida, believed to protect the region from hurricanes, to the laws that silence the words "climate change," this episode explores the modern challenges Indigenous communities face. These storms and disasters are not merely natural—they are #UnnaturalDisasters, fueled by climate pollution.  

The fire that killed 101 people and destroyed much of the town of Lahaina on Maui Island left financial, environmental, and emotional damage in its wake that will require years and significant resources to overcome. Not least on the list is a mountain of toxic burned debris that residents and officials are having trouble finding a suitable place for. Officials are studying whether the charred landscape will harm the delicate coral reef just offshore. Somewhere in the country, a new wildfire appears at least once a week during the most active season, and many of those leave lasting implications for tribes and residents. GUESTS Dr. Andrea Kealoha (Native Hawaiian), assistant professor of oceanography at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa Don Gentry (Klamath Tribes), natural resources specialist for and former chairman the Klamath Tribes Bodie Shaw (Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs), deputy regional director for the Northwest Region of the Bureau of Indian Affairs Blaze Lovell, reporter for the Honolulu Civil Beat

A growing number of Oregon tribes have been investing in equine therapy for youth struggling on reservations and in foster care. Both the Confederated Tribes of Umatilla Indian Reservation and the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs have developed programs in the last three years. And the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde, Klamath Tribes and Burns Paiute Tribe have plans to launch programs, some as soon as this summer. Nancy Marie Spears is the Indigenous children an d families reporter for The Imprint. She has been reporting on this trend and joins us to share more.

Get to know the endangered Klamath C'waam (Lost River Sucker) with guests Don Gentry (a Natural Resources Specialist with the Klamath Tribes) and Jane Spangler (a Sucker Recovery Biologist with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service).

Whether they're strays or have attentive caretakers, the dogs that occupy reservations have a bad reputation. Advocates for rez dogs are working on a number of fronts to turn that around. Mindful of the occasional safety issue, advocates for dogs are organizing veterinarian visits, spay, neuter clinics, and even dog shows, all as a way to prevent more drastic measures and to promote safer environments. GUESTS Tadraschell Murray (Shoshone-Bannock), recreation manager for Fort Hall Department of Recreation  Chantal Wadsworth (Navajo), founder of RezRoads Rescue Podzy Wolf Granillo (member of Klamath Tribes), Warm Springs Dog Lady

Thanks for tuning into Curious Cat's very special season three, Cascadia. As the scorching heat of summer continues, I hope you'll retreat with us into the musky wilderness, dip a toe in a chill alpine lake, and reflect on the perfection of nature. This week we travel south to a place not far from the California/Oregon border. Double knot your hiking boots, top off your hydro flask, then douse yourself in holy water or sage because this one is on the spooky side.My first full panic attack occurred in a hotel room half a globe away from CASCADIA - but it was curiously part of Cascadia's legendary Ring of Fire. We were on the final days of a trip of a lifetime to Japan that included a visit to Disney's two parks - Disneyland and Tokyo Sea - which by the way was hands-down the best theme park I've ever been to before or since. Okay, back to that panic attack. We were staying in a hotel on Tokyo Bay and somewhere around 3am I woke up, heart racing, sweating, gasping in enough air not to faint. Everyone else remained asleep, which was better than them freaking out along with me. Heart pounding, sweating, crying. I basically thought I must be dying. If you've not experienced a panic attack , well I hope you never do. As the worst of it began to subside, I had an urge to press my hands against something ice cold. The best I could find in the slim room was a window. I sobbed, wiping my face with my pajama sleeve. After fifteen minutes or so, the attack had run its course. I shared that in love, but also so you will understand how my body reacts when I am near two places; Mount Shasta and Crater Lake National Park. Now as we dive into the facts, stories, legends, ufo lore, and mysteries of Crater Lake, you'll know what I mean when I say I have a visceral reaction to this location.  Let's get into it!I. Introduction2. Crater Lake Facts3. Native History of Giiwas4. Unexplained Missing Persons5. The Old Man of the Lake6. A Ghost Story7. Episode Close *********************************************************************Curious Cat is lacing up their hiking boots to explore the rumor riddled Cascade Mountain Range, a land of fire and ice. Sasquatch, UFOs, remote viewing, bottomless pits, unexplained missing persons, and more, if you have any supernatural experiences from CASCADIA, drop us an email at Curious_Cat_Podcast@icloud.com and YOU might be featured on a future episode! Look for CASCADIA episodes on your regular Curious Cat feed. Original art by @norasunnamedphotos find the artist on Instagram and look for their newest designs on Society6. Curious Cat is a proud member of the Ethereal Network. We endeavor to raise the vibration of the planet one positive post at a time!Curious Cat Crew on Socials:Curious Cat on TwitterCurious Cat on InstagramCurious Cat on TikTokArt Director: NorasUnnamedPhotos (on Insta)

More than 30 years ago, a Native American man named Al Smith was fired for ingesting peyote at a religious ceremony. When his battle made it to the Supreme Court, the decision set off a thorny debate over when religious people get to sidestep the law — a debate we're still having today. Voices in the episode include: • Garrett Epps — Professor of Practice at the University of Oregon Law School • Ka'ila Farrell-Smith — Al Smith's daughter, visual artist • Jane Farrell — Al Smith's widow, retired early childhood specialist • Galen Black — Al Smith's former coworker • Steven C. Moore — senior staff attorney at the Native American Rights Fund • Craig J. Dorsay — lawyer who argued Al Smith's case before the Supreme Court • Dan Mach — director of the ACLU Program on Freedom of Religion and Belief Learn more: • 1963: Sherbert v. Verner • 1990: Employment Division, Department of Human Resources of Oregon v. Smith • 2022: 303 Creative LLC v. Elenis • Peyote vs the State: Religious Freedom On Trial, Garrett Epps • Factsheet: Religious Freedom Restoration Act Of 1993, The Bridge Initiative at Georgetown University • Our History, the Klamath Tribes   Supreme Court archival audio comes from Oyez®, a free law project by Justia and the Legal Information Institute of Cornell Law School. Support for More Perfect is provided in part by The Smart Family Fund. Follow us on Instagram and Facebook @moreperfectpodcast, and Twitter @moreperfect.

The failed water treatment system in Jackson, MS. disproportionately affects that state's Black residents. The crisis there is a reminder of the dozens of failed drinking water systems for tribes across the country. Today on Native America Calling, Shawn Spruce examines the lingering problem of failing to provide the most basic utility for all of America's residents with State Rep. Ronnie Crudup Jr. (D-MS), executive director for New Horizon Ministries Incorporated; Dr. Carrie Nuva Joseph (Hopi), director of the department of natural resources for the Hopi tribe; Clayton Dumont Jr. (Klamath), chairman of the Klamath Tribes; Iqaluit Mayor Kenny Bell; and Dr. Tommy Rock (Diné), environmental scientist and postdoctoral researcher fellow at Princeton University.

The failed water treatment system in Jackson, MS. disproportionately affects that state's Black residents. The crisis there is a reminder of the dozens of failed drinking water systems for tribes across the country. Today on Native America Calling, Shawn Spruce examines the lingering problem of failing to provide the most basic utility for all of America's residents with State Rep. Ronnie Crudup Jr. (D-MS), executive director for New Horizon Ministries Incorporated; Dr. Carrie Nuva Joseph (Hopi), director of the department of natural resources for the Hopi tribe; Clayton Dumont Jr. (Klamath), chairman of the Klamath Tribes; Iqaluit Mayor Kenny Bell; and Dr. Tommy Rock (Diné), environmental scientist and postdoctoral researcher fellow at Princeton University.

In this week's episode, we speak with Willa Powless, a member at large on the Klamath Tribes Council from Oregon about how "land back" is a beginning to heal broken hearts and what land means to her and her tribes. Jenn and Kate were honored to speak with Willa and learn about the deep connection and obligation she feels to land, and how that connection stretches back to the time of her tribes' creation story. New episodes drop every other Tuesday morning (EST). Kindred is hosted by Kate Coffin and Jenn Asplundh. Find out more info, show notes, or message us, go to kindredpodcast.co. Follow Us Instagram @thekindredpod Twitter @the_kindred_pod Support us at Patreon/kindredpodcast Please follow, rate, and review. Thanks.

The Klamath Basin is facing another year of drought. The Klamath Tribes remain concerned about the survival of the C'waam and Koptu, also known as the Lost River and shortnose suckers. These fish are classified as endangered. The tribes are suing the federal government because they say agencies are not doing enough to legally protect the fish. Clayton Dumont is the chairman for the Klamath Tribes. He joins us with details.

Subcommittee for Indigenous Peoples of the United States Date: Wednesday, April 27, 2022 Time: 01:00 PM Location: Longworth House Office Building 1324 Presiding: The Honorable Teresa Leger Fernández, Chair On Wednesday, April 27, 2022 at 1:00 p.m. ET, in room 1324 Longworth House Office Building (Hearing Room) and online via Cisco Webex, the Subcommittee for Indigenous Peoples of the United States (SCIP) will host a hybrid legislative hearing on the following tribal-related legislation: • H.R.437, a bill to amend the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act to exclude payments to Alaska Native elders for determining eligibility for need-based federal programs and services. • H.R.6063, a bill to authorize the U.S. Court of Federal Claims to hear a land claim from the Miami Nation, headquartered in Oklahoma. The tribe has a treaty-based claim to 2.6 million acres in the state of Illinois. • H.R.6181, the Samish Indian Nation Land Reaffirmation Act. The bill confirms the acquisition of 6.7 acres in Washington in trust for the Samish Nation. A draft discussion of an an amendment in the nature of a substitute [ANS] has been offered. • S.314, A bill to repeal the Klamath Tribe Judgment Fund Act. The Klamath Tribes, headquartered in Oregon, are seeking to repeal a termination-era law that affects their trust funds and trust assets. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 10. • S.559, A bill to amend the Grand Ronde Reservation Act to address lands held in trust in Oregon for the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 10. • S.789, the Repealing Existing Substandard Provisions Encouraging Conciliation with Tribes Act. The bipartisan bill repeals outdated racist and discriminatory laws that were imposed on tribes and their citizens. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 24. Witness List The Honorable Douglas G. Lankford (H.R. 6063) Chief The Miami Tribe of Oklahoma Miami, Oklahoma The Honorable Tom Wooten (H.R. 6181) Chairman Samish Indian Nation Anacortes, Washington The Honorable Donald Gentry (S. 314) Chairman The Klamath Tribes Chiloquin, Oregon The Honorable Cheryle A. Kennedy (S. 559) Chairwoman Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde Grand Ronde, Oregon The Honorable Sheri Buretta (H.R. 437) Chairman of the Board Chugach Alaska Corporation Anchorage, Alaska The Honorable Misty Napeahi (H.R. 6181) Vice-Chairwoman Tulalip Tribes Tulalip, Washington The Honorable Tamara St. John (S. 789) South Dakota State Representative 1st District Sisseton, South Dakota Committee Notice: https://naturalresources.house.gov/hearings/scip-hybrid-legislative-hearing_april-27-2022

Subcommittee for Indigenous Peoples of the United States Date: Wednesday, April 27, 2022 Time: 01:00 PM Location: Longworth House Office Building 1324 Presiding: The Honorable Teresa Leger Fernández, Chair On Wednesday, April 27, 2022 at 1:00 p.m. ET, in room 1324 Longworth House Office Building (Hearing Room) and online via Cisco Webex, the Subcommittee for Indigenous Peoples of the United States (SCIP) will host a hybrid legislative hearing on the following tribal-related legislation: • H.R.437, a bill to amend the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act to exclude payments to Alaska Native elders for determining eligibility for need-based federal programs and services. • H.R.6063, a bill to authorize the U.S. Court of Federal Claims to hear a land claim from the Miami Nation, headquartered in Oklahoma. The tribe has a treaty-based claim to 2.6 million acres in the state of Illinois. • H.R.6181, the Samish Indian Nation Land Reaffirmation Act. The bill confirms the acquisition of 6.7 acres in Washington in trust for the Samish Nation. A draft discussion of an an amendment in the nature of a substitute [ANS] has been offered. • S.314, A bill to repeal the Klamath Tribe Judgment Fund Act. The Klamath Tribes, headquartered in Oregon, are seeking to repeal a termination-era law that affects their trust funds and trust assets. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 10. • S.559, A bill to amend the Grand Ronde Reservation Act to address lands held in trust in Oregon for the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 10. • S.789, the Repealing Existing Substandard Provisions Encouraging Conciliation with Tribes Act. The bipartisan bill repeals outdated racist and discriminatory laws that were imposed on tribes and their citizens. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 24. Witness List The Honorable Douglas G. Lankford (H.R. 6063) Chief The Miami Tribe of Oklahoma Miami, Oklahoma The Honorable Tom Wooten (H.R. 6181) Chairman Samish Indian Nation Anacortes, Washington The Honorable Donald Gentry (S. 314) Chairman The Klamath Tribes Chiloquin, Oregon The Honorable Cheryle A. Kennedy (S. 559) Chairwoman Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde Grand Ronde, Oregon The Honorable Sheri Buretta (H.R. 437) Chairman of the Board Chugach Alaska Corporation Anchorage, Alaska The Honorable Misty Napeahi (H.R. 6181) Vice-Chairwoman Tulalip Tribes Tulalip, Washington The Honorable Tamara St. John (S. 789) South Dakota State Representative 1st District Sisseton, South Dakota Committee Notice: https://naturalresources.house.gov/hearings/scip-hybrid-legislative-hearing_april-27-2022

Subcommittee for Indigenous Peoples of the United States Date: Wednesday, April 27, 2022 Time: 01:00 PM Location: Longworth House Office Building 1324 Presiding: The Honorable Teresa Leger Fernández, Chair On Wednesday, April 27, 2022 at 1:00 p.m. ET, in room 1324 Longworth House Office Building (Hearing Room) and online via Cisco Webex, the Subcommittee for Indigenous Peoples of the United States (SCIP) will host a hybrid legislative hearing on the following tribal-related legislation: • H.R.437, a bill to amend the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act to exclude payments to Alaska Native elders for determining eligibility for need-based federal programs and services. • H.R.6063, a bill to authorize the U.S. Court of Federal Claims to hear a land claim from the Miami Nation, headquartered in Oklahoma. The tribe has a treaty-based claim to 2.6 million acres in the state of Illinois. • H.R.6181, the Samish Indian Nation Land Reaffirmation Act. The bill confirms the acquisition of 6.7 acres in Washington in trust for the Samish Nation. A draft discussion of an an amendment in the nature of a substitute [ANS] has been offered. • S.314, A bill to repeal the Klamath Tribe Judgment Fund Act. The Klamath Tribes, headquartered in Oregon, are seeking to repeal a termination-era law that affects their trust funds and trust assets. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 10. • S.559, A bill to amend the Grand Ronde Reservation Act to address lands held in trust in Oregon for the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 10. • S.789, the Repealing Existing Substandard Provisions Encouraging Conciliation with Tribes Act. The bipartisan bill repeals outdated racist and discriminatory laws that were imposed on tribes and their citizens. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 24. Witness List The Honorable Douglas G. Lankford (H.R. 6063) Chief The Miami Tribe of Oklahoma Miami, Oklahoma The Honorable Tom Wooten (H.R. 6181) Chairman Samish Indian Nation Anacortes, Washington The Honorable Donald Gentry (S. 314) Chairman The Klamath Tribes Chiloquin, Oregon The Honorable Cheryle A. Kennedy (S. 559) Chairwoman Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde Grand Ronde, Oregon The Honorable Sheri Buretta (H.R. 437) Chairman of the Board Chugach Alaska Corporation Anchorage, Alaska The Honorable Misty Napeahi (H.R. 6181) Vice-Chairwoman Tulalip Tribes Tulalip, Washington The Honorable Tamara St. John (S. 789) South Dakota State Representative 1st District Sisseton, South Dakota Committee Notice: https://naturalresources.house.gov/hearings/scip-hybrid-legislative-hearing_april-27-2022

Subcommittee for Indigenous Peoples of the United States Date: Wednesday, April 27, 2022 Time: 01:00 PM Location: Longworth House Office Building 1324 Presiding: The Honorable Teresa Leger Fernández, Chair On Wednesday, April 27, 2022 at 1:00 p.m. ET, in room 1324 Longworth House Office Building (Hearing Room) and online via Cisco Webex, the Subcommittee for Indigenous Peoples of the United States (SCIP) will host a hybrid legislative hearing on the following tribal-related legislation: • H.R.437, a bill to amend the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act to exclude payments to Alaska Native elders for determining eligibility for need-based federal programs and services. • H.R.6063, a bill to authorize the U.S. Court of Federal Claims to hear a land claim from the Miami Nation, headquartered in Oklahoma. The tribe has a treaty-based claim to 2.6 million acres in the state of Illinois. • H.R.6181, the Samish Indian Nation Land Reaffirmation Act. The bill confirms the acquisition of 6.7 acres in Washington in trust for the Samish Nation. A draft discussion of an an amendment in the nature of a substitute [ANS] has been offered. • S.314, A bill to repeal the Klamath Tribe Judgment Fund Act. The Klamath Tribes, headquartered in Oregon, are seeking to repeal a termination-era law that affects their trust funds and trust assets. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 10. • S.559, A bill to amend the Grand Ronde Reservation Act to address lands held in trust in Oregon for the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 10. • S.789, the Repealing Existing Substandard Provisions Encouraging Conciliation with Tribes Act. The bipartisan bill repeals outdated racist and discriminatory laws that were imposed on tribes and their citizens. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 24. Witness List The Honorable Douglas G. Lankford (H.R. 6063) Chief The Miami Tribe of Oklahoma Miami, Oklahoma The Honorable Tom Wooten (H.R. 6181) Chairman Samish Indian Nation Anacortes, Washington The Honorable Donald Gentry (S. 314) Chairman The Klamath Tribes Chiloquin, Oregon The Honorable Cheryle A. Kennedy (S. 559) Chairwoman Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde Grand Ronde, Oregon The Honorable Sheri Buretta (H.R. 437) Chairman of the Board Chugach Alaska Corporation Anchorage, Alaska The Honorable Misty Napeahi (H.R. 6181) Vice-Chairwoman Tulalip Tribes Tulalip, Washington The Honorable Tamara St. John (S. 789) South Dakota State Representative 1st District Sisseton, South Dakota Committee Notice: https://naturalresources.house.gov/hearings/scip-hybrid-legislative-hearing_april-27-2022

Subcommittee for Indigenous Peoples of the United States Date: Wednesday, April 27, 2022 Time: 01:00 PM Location: Longworth House Office Building 1324 Presiding: The Honorable Teresa Leger Fernández, Chair On Wednesday, April 27, 2022 at 1:00 p.m. ET, in room 1324 Longworth House Office Building (Hearing Room) and online via Cisco Webex, the Subcommittee for Indigenous Peoples of the United States (SCIP) will host a hybrid legislative hearing on the following tribal-related legislation: • H.R.437, a bill to amend the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act to exclude payments to Alaska Native elders for determining eligibility for need-based federal programs and services. • H.R.6063, a bill to authorize the U.S. Court of Federal Claims to hear a land claim from the Miami Nation, headquartered in Oklahoma. The tribe has a treaty-based claim to 2.6 million acres in the state of Illinois. • H.R.6181, the Samish Indian Nation Land Reaffirmation Act. The bill confirms the acquisition of 6.7 acres in Washington in trust for the Samish Nation. A draft discussion of an an amendment in the nature of a substitute [ANS] has been offered. • S.314, A bill to repeal the Klamath Tribe Judgment Fund Act. The Klamath Tribes, headquartered in Oregon, are seeking to repeal a termination-era law that affects their trust funds and trust assets. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 10. • S.559, A bill to amend the Grand Ronde Reservation Act to address lands held in trust in Oregon for the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 10. • S.789, the Repealing Existing Substandard Provisions Encouraging Conciliation with Tribes Act. The bipartisan bill repeals outdated racist and discriminatory laws that were imposed on tribes and their citizens. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 24. Witness List The Honorable Douglas G. Lankford (H.R. 6063) Chief The Miami Tribe of Oklahoma Miami, Oklahoma The Honorable Tom Wooten (H.R. 6181) Chairman Samish Indian Nation Anacortes, Washington The Honorable Donald Gentry (S. 314) Chairman The Klamath Tribes Chiloquin, Oregon The Honorable Cheryle A. Kennedy (S. 559) Chairwoman Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde Grand Ronde, Oregon The Honorable Sheri Buretta (H.R. 437) Chairman of the Board Chugach Alaska Corporation Anchorage, Alaska The Honorable Misty Napeahi (H.R. 6181) Vice-Chairwoman Tulalip Tribes Tulalip, Washington The Honorable Tamara St. John (S. 789) South Dakota State Representative 1st District Sisseton, South Dakota Committee Notice: https://naturalresources.house.gov/hearings/scip-hybrid-legislative-hearing_april-27-2022

Subcommittee for Indigenous Peoples of the United States Date: Wednesday, April 27, 2022 Time: 01:00 PM Location: Longworth House Office Building 1324 Presiding: The Honorable Teresa Leger Fernández, Chair On Wednesday, April 27, 2022 at 1:00 p.m. ET, in room 1324 Longworth House Office Building (Hearing Room) and online via Cisco Webex, the Subcommittee for Indigenous Peoples of the United States (SCIP) will host a hybrid legislative hearing on the following tribal-related legislation: • H.R.437, a bill to amend the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act to exclude payments to Alaska Native elders for determining eligibility for need-based federal programs and services. • H.R.6063, a bill to authorize the U.S. Court of Federal Claims to hear a land claim from the Miami Nation, headquartered in Oklahoma. The tribe has a treaty-based claim to 2.6 million acres in the state of Illinois. • H.R.6181, the Samish Indian Nation Land Reaffirmation Act. The bill confirms the acquisition of 6.7 acres in Washington in trust for the Samish Nation. A draft discussion of an an amendment in the nature of a substitute [ANS] has been offered. • S.314, A bill to repeal the Klamath Tribe Judgment Fund Act. The Klamath Tribes, headquartered in Oregon, are seeking to repeal a termination-era law that affects their trust funds and trust assets. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 10. • S.559, A bill to amend the Grand Ronde Reservation Act to address lands held in trust in Oregon for the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 10. • S.789, the Repealing Existing Substandard Provisions Encouraging Conciliation with Tribes Act. The bipartisan bill repeals outdated racist and discriminatory laws that were imposed on tribes and their citizens. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 24. Witness List The Honorable Douglas G. Lankford (H.R. 6063) Chief The Miami Tribe of Oklahoma Miami, Oklahoma The Honorable Tom Wooten (H.R. 6181) Chairman Samish Indian Nation Anacortes, Washington The Honorable Donald Gentry (S. 314) Chairman The Klamath Tribes Chiloquin, Oregon The Honorable Cheryle A. Kennedy (S. 559) Chairwoman Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde Grand Ronde, Oregon The Honorable Sheri Buretta (H.R. 437) Chairman of the Board Chugach Alaska Corporation Anchorage, Alaska The Honorable Misty Napeahi (H.R. 6181) Vice-Chairwoman Tulalip Tribes Tulalip, Washington The Honorable Tamara St. John (S. 789) South Dakota State Representative 1st District Sisseton, South Dakota Committee Notice: https://naturalresources.house.gov/hearings/scip-hybrid-legislative-hearing_april-27-2022

Subcommittee for Indigenous Peoples of the United States Date: Wednesday, April 27, 2022 Time: 01:00 PM Location: Longworth House Office Building 1324 Presiding: The Honorable Teresa Leger Fernández, Chair On Wednesday, April 27, 2022 at 1:00 p.m. ET, in room 1324 Longworth House Office Building (Hearing Room) and online via Cisco Webex, the Subcommittee for Indigenous Peoples of the United States (SCIP) will host a hybrid legislative hearing on the following tribal-related legislation: • H.R.437, a bill to amend the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act to exclude payments to Alaska Native elders for determining eligibility for need-based federal programs and services. • H.R.6063, a bill to authorize the U.S. Court of Federal Claims to hear a land claim from the Miami Nation, headquartered in Oklahoma. The tribe has a treaty-based claim to 2.6 million acres in the state of Illinois. • H.R.6181, the Samish Indian Nation Land Reaffirmation Act. The bill confirms the acquisition of 6.7 acres in Washington in trust for the Samish Nation. A draft discussion of an an amendment in the nature of a substitute [ANS] has been offered. • S.314, A bill to repeal the Klamath Tribe Judgment Fund Act. The Klamath Tribes, headquartered in Oregon, are seeking to repeal a termination-era law that affects their trust funds and trust assets. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 10. • S.559, A bill to amend the Grand Ronde Reservation Act to address lands held in trust in Oregon for the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 10. • S.789, the Repealing Existing Substandard Provisions Encouraging Conciliation with Tribes Act. The bipartisan bill repeals outdated racist and discriminatory laws that were imposed on tribes and their citizens. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 24. Witness List The Honorable Douglas G. Lankford (H.R. 6063) Chief The Miami Tribe of Oklahoma Miami, Oklahoma The Honorable Tom Wooten (H.R. 6181) Chairman Samish Indian Nation Anacortes, Washington The Honorable Donald Gentry (S. 314) Chairman The Klamath Tribes Chiloquin, Oregon The Honorable Cheryle A. Kennedy (S. 559) Chairwoman Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde Grand Ronde, Oregon The Honorable Sheri Buretta (H.R. 437) Chairman of the Board Chugach Alaska Corporation Anchorage, Alaska The Honorable Misty Napeahi (H.R. 6181) Vice-Chairwoman Tulalip Tribes Tulalip, Washington The Honorable Tamara St. John (S. 789) South Dakota State Representative 1st District Sisseton, South Dakota Committee Notice: https://naturalresources.house.gov/hearings/scip-hybrid-legislative-hearing_april-27-2022

Subcommittee for Indigenous Peoples of the United States Date: Wednesday, April 27, 2022 Time: 01:00 PM Location: Longworth House Office Building 1324 Presiding: The Honorable Teresa Leger Fernández, Chair On Wednesday, April 27, 2022 at 1:00 p.m. ET, in room 1324 Longworth House Office Building (Hearing Room) and online via Cisco Webex, the Subcommittee for Indigenous Peoples of the United States (SCIP) will host a hybrid legislative hearing on the following tribal-related legislation: • H.R.437, a bill to amend the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act to exclude payments to Alaska Native elders for determining eligibility for need-based federal programs and services. • H.R.6063, a bill to authorize the U.S. Court of Federal Claims to hear a land claim from the Miami Nation, headquartered in Oklahoma. The tribe has a treaty-based claim to 2.6 million acres in the state of Illinois. • H.R.6181, the Samish Indian Nation Land Reaffirmation Act. The bill confirms the acquisition of 6.7 acres in Washington in trust for the Samish Nation. A draft discussion of an an amendment in the nature of a substitute [ANS] has been offered. • S.314, A bill to repeal the Klamath Tribe Judgment Fund Act. The Klamath Tribes, headquartered in Oregon, are seeking to repeal a termination-era law that affects their trust funds and trust assets. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 10. • S.559, A bill to amend the Grand Ronde Reservation Act to address lands held in trust in Oregon for the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 10. • S.789, the Repealing Existing Substandard Provisions Encouraging Conciliation with Tribes Act. The bipartisan bill repeals outdated racist and discriminatory laws that were imposed on tribes and their citizens. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 24. Witness List The Honorable Douglas G. Lankford (H.R. 6063) Chief The Miami Tribe of Oklahoma Miami, Oklahoma The Honorable Tom Wooten (H.R. 6181) Chairman Samish Indian Nation Anacortes, Washington The Honorable Donald Gentry (S. 314) Chairman The Klamath Tribes Chiloquin, Oregon The Honorable Cheryle A. Kennedy (S. 559) Chairwoman Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde Grand Ronde, Oregon The Honorable Sheri Buretta (H.R. 437) Chairman of the Board Chugach Alaska Corporation Anchorage, Alaska The Honorable Misty Napeahi (H.R. 6181) Vice-Chairwoman Tulalip Tribes Tulalip, Washington The Honorable Tamara St. John (S. 789) South Dakota State Representative 1st District Sisseton, South Dakota Committee Notice: https://naturalresources.house.gov/hearings/scip-hybrid-legislative-hearing_april-27-2022

Subcommittee for Indigenous Peoples of the United States Date: Wednesday, April 27, 2022 Time: 01:00 PM Location: Longworth House Office Building 1324 Presiding: The Honorable Teresa Leger Fernández, Chair On Wednesday, April 27, 2022 at 1:00 p.m. ET, in room 1324 Longworth House Office Building (Hearing Room) and online via Cisco Webex, the Subcommittee for Indigenous Peoples of the United States (SCIP) will host a hybrid legislative hearing on the following tribal-related legislation: • H.R.437, a bill to amend the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act to exclude payments to Alaska Native elders for determining eligibility for need-based federal programs and services. • H.R.6063, a bill to authorize the U.S. Court of Federal Claims to hear a land claim from the Miami Nation, headquartered in Oklahoma. The tribe has a treaty-based claim to 2.6 million acres in the state of Illinois. • H.R.6181, the Samish Indian Nation Land Reaffirmation Act. The bill confirms the acquisition of 6.7 acres in Washington in trust for the Samish Nation. A draft discussion of an an amendment in the nature of a substitute [ANS] has been offered. • S.314, A bill to repeal the Klamath Tribe Judgment Fund Act. The Klamath Tribes, headquartered in Oregon, are seeking to repeal a termination-era law that affects their trust funds and trust assets. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 10. • S.559, A bill to amend the Grand Ronde Reservation Act to address lands held in trust in Oregon for the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 10. • S.789, the Repealing Existing Substandard Provisions Encouraging Conciliation with Tribes Act. The bipartisan bill repeals outdated racist and discriminatory laws that were imposed on tribes and their citizens. The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs approved the bill at a business meeting on March 24. Witness List The Honorable Douglas G. Lankford (H.R. 6063) Chief The Miami Tribe of Oklahoma Miami, Oklahoma The Honorable Tom Wooten (H.R. 6181) Chairman Samish Indian Nation Anacortes, Washington The Honorable Donald Gentry (S. 314) Chairman The Klamath Tribes Chiloquin, Oregon The Honorable Cheryle A. Kennedy (S. 559) Chairwoman Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde Grand Ronde, Oregon The Honorable Sheri Buretta (H.R. 437) Chairman of the Board Chugach Alaska Corporation Anchorage, Alaska The Honorable Misty Napeahi (H.R. 6181) Vice-Chairwoman Tulalip Tribes Tulalip, Washington The Honorable Tamara St. John (S. 789) South Dakota State Representative 1st District Sisseton, South Dakota Committee Notice: https://naturalresources.house.gov/hearings/scip-hybrid-legislative-hearing_april-27-2022

Klamath Tribes might sue over Oregon river diversion to drought-stricken farmers Chippewa Cree buffalo project welcomes 1st calf in 20 years Maine governor signs Passamaquoddy water sovereignty law Native American Institute leader in sexual harassment battle with MSU OU hires fmr. Interior Dept lawyer as part of tribal outreach efforts

Thanks to a large infusion of federal funding, more than $160 million, stakeholders in the Klamath Basin are submitting proposals to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for restoration projects. The Klamath Tribes are one of the groups submitting a proposal. Mark Buettner is an environmental scientist for the Klamath Tribes. We hear more about what the plan looks like.

Hello Interactors,The first year of Interplace is nearly complete. I want to thank everyone who supported me through 2021 by subscribing, reading, listening, commenting, and sharing. I also want to thank the London Writers’ Salon and all faithful writers who showed up on Zoom with me every morning at 8:00 Pacific time. It brought companionship, accountability, and miles of smiles.Evolutionary biologists call interactors the individual traits that are so uniquely beneficial that they lead to natural selection. You are my interactors ­– special individuals self-selected to be a part of an evolutionary journey. Thanks to you, that journey will continue through 2022. I’m keeping to the same structure, but may summon the courage to do occasional interviews as well.A year ago I kicked off Interplace. In the winter I wrote about human behavior, then moved to cartography in the spring, physical geography and the environment in the summer, and economic geography this fall. This is post number 50 and the last of 2021. Should Interplace 2021 be a book, it would be comprised of four sections, 50 chapters, nearly 740 pages, and over 130,000 words. To celebrate, I thought I’d share excepts from the most read posts from each of the four seasons. I also included titles and links to all 50 pieces at the end.But before I start, I thought I’d share a quote from the legendary leader the city of Seattle was named after, Chief Si'ahl (siʔaɫ). These words appeared in my first newsletter and continue to serve as an inspiration for Interplace today. They’re worth sharing again as we reflect and contemplate the constellation of interactions with people and place we all had throughout 2021 and imagine what’s ahead in 2022.“Humankind has not woven the web of life.We are but one thread within it.Whatever we do to the web, we do to ourselves.All things are bound together.All things connect.”And now, excerpts from the top four most read Interplace posts of 2021.WINTER: BEHAVIORTake Your Head for a WalkYour brain makes maps on your behalf. But if you want a good one, take a hike. Your brain will love you for it, and your future self will too.It turns out walking and cognitive mapping are mutually dependent systems that are only optimized when done together. Driving or riding as a passenger are poor substitutes for enhancing our interactions with place. In the words of neuroscientist, Shane O’Mara,“The brain’s navigational and mapping and memory systems are so intertwined as to be almost one and the same. Walking to somewhere depends on the brain’s navigational system, and in turn walking provides a vast amount of ongoing information to the brain’s mapping and navigation systems. These are mutually enriching and reinforcing systems.”Our cities don’t make it easy to walk. A century of car culture has kept people from interacting with place. We can deduce from the research I’ve cited, that this is a bad thing. Not only do we have a biased and hazy image built in our minds of the environment in which we live, sitting in a car or a chair does not facilitate happy thoughts.We all succumb to what these two Iowa State researchers referred to as the ‘dread effect’. The thought of expending more energy than necessary can make one dread walking. It’s all too easy to tap a destination on Google maps, hit the ‘walking distance’ tab, shutter at the time and effort it would take to walk, and then grab the keys and drive there. But since Covid hit, I instead grab my headphones, take a step, and feel the cells in my brain come alive. I am interacting with place, with a smile on my face, as a cranial cellular symphony traces a map of the space.SPRING: CARTOGRAPHYYou Are What You MapHow triangles, topology, quadrangles, and cartography yield maps that can skew both messages and timeThe Renaissance accelerated the field of cartography. This was an era of discovering new knowledge, instrumentation, and the measuring and quantification of the natural world. Mercator’s projection stemmed from the invention of perspective; a word derived from the Latin word perspicere – “to see through.” European colonial maps were drawn mostly to navigate, control, and dominate land – and its human occupants. We have all been controlled by these maps in one way or other and we still are. Our knowledge of the world largely stems from the same perspective Mercator was offering up centuries ago. The entire world sees the world through the eyes of Western explorers, conquerors, and cartographers. That includes elements of maps as simple as place names.Take place names in Africa, as an example. The country occupied by France until 1960, Niger, comes from the Latin word for “shining black”. Its derogatory adaptation by the British added another ‘g’ making a word we now call the n-word. But niger was not the most popular Latin word used to describe people of Africa, it was an ancient Greek derivative; Aethiops – which means “burn face”. If you replace the ‘s’ at the end with the ‘a’ from the beginning, you see where the name Ethiopia comes from.There’s another Westernized place name just west of where the Dakota and Lakota people thrived called Gannett Peak. It’s the tallest mountain in the state of Wyoming and is part of the Bridger-Teton range. I’m sure you’ve heard of the more popular neighboring range, the Grand Teton’s; another notable (and sexist) French place name which means – ‘Big Boobs’. Gannett Peak is named after Henry Gannett – the father of American mapmaking.He was one of many geographers throughout the history of western colonization. Sure he was more influential than most, but they were all tasked with the same thing. Whether it was triangulating British territories in India, finessing French regions in Africa, or delineating Dutch districts in Brazil they were all measuring, mapping, and manipulating how others should see the world. It’s the paradox of mapmaking. No matter your intent, whatever line you draw will reflect the bias you bring.Mercator was biased by perspective because that’s what the culture of his time led him to do. Gannett mapped natural occurring features of the land because the mapping of minerals and other natural resources was in high demand. Iowa was named Iowa because that’s the word they knew. Even attempts to counter-map the dominance of cartesian colonial cartography can’t escape its own bias. Nobody can. But we live on a melting planet, so our days remain a few. If we’re going to survive this calamity, we must see that our thoughts are skewed. So the next you look at a map, consider its point of view. If we all do this together, we can invent a world anew.SUMMER: ENVIRONMENTCalamity in KlamathMukluks suffer over water for suckersCalifornia’s fires have claimed two million acres. Ten percent of the sequoia population was taken by a single fire; trees that have been on this planet for thousands of years – gone. It’s so dry in southern Oregon’s Klamath valley that wells are drying up. Homeowners are having to drive for their water. The county has ordered cisterns from as far away as Oklahoma, but are running up against shortages of rain barrels due to choked supply chains and increased demand.The Klamath valley has seen its fair share of emergencies, but every generation seems surprised. And sometimes apathetic. The first occupants of this area were the Klamath Tribes: the Klamath, the Modoc and the Yahooskin-Paiute people. They were sometimes referred to as mukluks or numu – the people. People, while differentiated by name, are still animals. And like our multi-legged, finned, scaled, and winged companions, we are an integral part of the environment. This was, and remains, a pan-Indigenous concept that deserves reminding. The Klamath Tribes embraced this belief in a shared communal slogan, “naanok ?ans naat sat’waYa naat ciiwapk diceew’a “We help each other; We will live good”By the 1950s the Klamath Tribes became one of the most prosperous tribes in America. In keeping with their traditional ways, they owned, managed, and sustained the largest stand of Ponderosa Pine in the West. Driven by a self-sufficient determinism millennia old, they were the only tribe to make enough money to pay the United States Government for the services their people utilized. But their success made them a target. The Klamath Tribes stood out. Having demonstrated just how profitable their land could be, it was time the United States took even more than they had a century prior.On August 1, 1953, House Concurrent Resolution 108 was issued by the United States Congress announcing the official federal policy of termination. The resolution called for the immediate termination of the Klamath Tribes. Included were the Flathead, Menominee, Potawatomi, and Turtle Mountain Chippewa, along with all tribes in the states of California, New York, Florida, and Texas.Between 1945 and 1960 Congress terminated more than one hundred tribes and small bands, 11,500 Indigenous people lost their native legal status, and over one million acres of land lost its trust status. Not a single tribe has improved economically since, while corporations have profited handsomely.I’m convinced that a combination of traditional knowledge and new science, technology, and invention will yield the best path forward for managing our global climatic conundrums. But we can’t just tech our way out of this. We’re going to have to change our food habits, reduce extractions, eliminate commercial and consumer waste, and overhaul the global food system.The dam has been cracked, but it needs to be broken wide open. All living organisms depend on water. They depend on us. Let’s listen to the ancient words of the Klamath people: When we help each other, we will all live well.FALL: ECONOMICSCryptocurrency, Euro-insurgency, and Economic UrgencyUntangling economic supremacy through heresy while offering an alternative destinyCryptocurrency was invented to circumvent the juggernaut that banks, governments, and credit card companies hold on the currency market. But the more it gets legitimized as an alternative currency, the more interested these traditional institutions become. For example, one form of cryptocurrency rising in popularity are stablecoins. It’s a digital currency that can be converted into ‘real’ money and is issued by the very institutions the inventors were hoping to circumvent. It seems there is no escaping Western economic dominance.The truth is, alternative currencies and economies exist all around us and have for centuries. For example, in a district of central London call Brixton, where David Bowie once lived, shops no longer accept the British Pound. Instead they take an alternative currency called the Brixton Pound that features a picture of Bowie on a paper bill that is as nicely designed and proportioned as Bowie himself.Many schemes like this exist outside of the Western world too – and they’re often not tied to the dominant currency system. For example, there’s a settlement on the outskirts of Nairobi, Kenya called Bangladesh. Not to be confused with the country of Bangladesh. It was named after an early settler who unexpectedly packed up and moved to Bangladesh never to return. The area was hence called Bangladesh. It’s a poor informal settlement made of self-made homes and little to no infrastructure, yet is home to over 20,000 people. They work at nearby industries at the fringe of Nairobi doing odd jobs regularly paid workers refuse to do.Many are well educated, but work is intermittent and there are more qualified workers than there are jobs. It leads to extreme poverty, apathy, and strife. One local teacher in the Peace Corps, Will Ruddick, became frustrated that he was graduating kids with no where to go. He said many of whom were more skilled academically than many he’d witnessed at Stanford. Ruddick happens to also have a PhD in econophysics – a branch of economics that draws inspiration from the field of physics. He began wondering how he could devise a way for residents in areas like Bangladesh to earn consistent wages doing meaningful work in their community. He wanted ways for them to create and share in their abundance, take charge of their own livelihoods, and build a self-sustaining economic future.American economic geography professor, Eric Sheppard, from UCLA offers that because Western style capitalism relies on “uneven and asymmetric connectivities” that end up “driving uneven geographical development”, we’ve arrived at a place where the dominant global economic scheme of globalization has failed “at scales ranging from the globe to the neighbourhood.”Instead of propagating or placating a dominant global economy, what if we acknowledge, embrace, fertilize, understand, celebrate, and experience alternative economies embedded within or on the fringe of the establishment, like those Ruddick has pioneered. After all, these are economies that have been forged through the interaction of people and place whose shared histories have, as Sheppard says, “found them encountering, rather than propagating, Capitalist economic development.”Following is an index of all the pieces I’ve written over the last year. Thanks, again, for the support. I’ll see you all next week and next year. FULL LIST OF INTERPLACE 2021WINTER: BEHAVIORTHE INTERACTION OF PEOPLE AND PLACE My First Subscribers Raccoons Destroyed My LawnWhat the World Needs Now is LoveThe Lone Star Is in a Frozen StateWASPs and Weeds Gone WildA Computer on Every Desk and a Car in Every GarageBill and Brad's Excellent AdventureTake Your Head for a WalkSPRING: CARTOGRAPHYI'd Rather Be Spinning LogosA Groma from Rome Finds a New HomeA Nation SquaredMiami Priced, Ohio DicedGuns, God, and GoldMake Your Own Survey in Under a DayYou Are What You MapThe U.S. Census: Mapping a Sense of UsBoomtown MapsWinning Over the Windy City with WatercolorsMaps as Logos; Atlases that ImposeSpring 2021 Cartography ReviewCul-de-sacs, Caucasians, and the Kansas Garden CitySUMMER: ENVIRONMENTThe Obscene ManA New Chapter to Behold as the Network of Life UnfoldsRuckelshaus and Hickel Get us Out of a PickleBig Science Meets Big Ecology under the Big SkyMuggy Conditions, Buggy Coalitions, and Collegiate AmbitionsNature, Nurture, Math, Art and VirtueAn Olympic Sized MetabolismAn Ancestor's GardenSolar Powered Imperialist AddictionsCharlie Watts and the Strange AttractorCalamity in KlamathDitches, Wells, and Dams. Riches, Cartels, and Scams.Lay Dung; Feng ShuiFALL: ECONOMICSThe Wealth of GenerationsSpace Cadets and the Earthy CrunchiesOnly a Nobody Walks in L.A.From a Shoe Lust Hit, to 'Just Do It'.Harder, Better, Faster, StrongerHitler and the Capitalist's FixSupply Chain Pains as China GainsBond, Bezos, Gates, and MuskBlack Friday and the Christmas Creep: Part 1Black Friday and the Christmas Creep: Part 2The ‘One Click Buy’ Empire Needs an UmpireHoops, Groups, and Feedback LoopsCryptocurrency, Euro-insurgency, and Economic UrgencyWINTER: BEHAVIOROh Christmas Tree, Oh Christmas Tree, Your Story Has Many Branches Subscribe at interplace.io

Fish have a sacred role for the Klamath Tribes in the Klamath Basin, which spans part of Southern Oregon and Northern California. An 1864 treaty gives tribes the "exclusive right of taking fish in the streams and lakes,” but drought and poor water quality are killing the fish and causing a fight over resources between indigenous tribes and white farmers who were promised certain water allocations of their own. A new Fault Lines documentary by Al Jazeera called "When the Water Stopped," delves into the different sides of the conflict that is fueled by climate change, decades of federal land mismanagement and racism. According to activist and Klamath tribal member Joey Gentry, “our water crisis still exists today because of racism against the tribe, and racism against the tribe exists, in part, today because of our water crisis." We'll talk with Gentry and environmental reporter Emma Marris about the ongoing conflict and what it will take to resolve it.

Scientists from the U.S. Forest Service have analyzed the soil in the area burned by the Bootleg Fire for danger of erosion. The Klamath Tribes are concerned that the rainy season will bring large amounts of sediment and nutrients from the burn area into the Upper Klamath Lake, which is already having problems with toxic algae blooms. Alex Schwartz, environmental reporter for the Klamath Falls Herald and News and Report For America, wrote about all this in a recent article.

Hello Interactors,What a wild water filled week. From too much water coming too fast to not enough coming too slow, the United States is bearing witness to the schizophrenic behavior of an angry imbalanced ecosystem. Our mother earth isn’t the only one with schizophrenia. The United States, and other eco-wrecking countries, can’t decide if Indigenous people — the historical stewards of this planet — should be silenced and contained or begrudgingly ordained as the knowledge keepers and leaders of how best please our angry mother earth.As interactors, you’re special individuals self-selected to be a part of an evolutionary journey. You’re also members of an attentive community so I welcome your participation.Please leave your comments below or email me directly.Now let’s go…IN COMING It was eight o’clock on a sunny morning when Kelly Minty Morris received a notification on her phone that read “extreme alert”. A missile was headed straight for her. This must be some mistake, she thought to herself. This was something that she didn’t think of having to deal with in her country. She and her husband were in Hawaii where he was about to compete in a 100 mile trail running endurance race called the HURT100. Missiles can bring a whole new level of hurt; but, as she looked around, to her surprise, nobody was scrambling or panicking. Not even herself. They all believed it must be some kind of blunder.There is no mistaking that this summer has had its fair share of climate scares. The Northeast have had nothing but rain all summer. Just this week New York’s Central Park was dowsed with six inches of rain in as many hours. A once in a 500 year event. The Northeast continues to be battered by wind and rain killing over a dozen people in its path. It’s the fallout of hurricane Ida, the fifth most severe hurricane on record, that slammed Louisiana’s coast earlier in the week but was barely phased by its landfall. Now a new hurricane is brewing as climatologists predict a 60% chance that more extreme hurricanes will follow this year. Meanwhile, water in the west is wanting. California’s fires have claimed two million acres. Ten percent of the sequoia population was taken by a single fire; trees that have been on this planet for thousands of years – gone. It’s so dry in southern Oregon’s Klamath valley that wells are drying up. Homeowners are having to drive for their water. The county has ordered cisterns from as far away as Oklahoma, but are running up against shortages of rain barrels due to choked supply chains and increased demand.Kelly Minty Morris sat for a half an hour, there in Hawaii, fretting. But she was more concerned with the lackadaisical response to an incoming ballistic missile than the actual damage it may inflict. “It really did feel surreal,” she said. “I wasn’t panicking, I wasn’t anxious, I wasn’t upset, my brain kept telling me, ‘This can’t be real, this can’t be real.’” And then it happened. Another text buzzed her phone. The alert was a mistake. A state employee had pushed the wrong button. I suspect that’s a former state employee.Kelly left that incident reflecting on the collective apathy she witnessed. She began to wonder what it would take to get people to actually act in the face of an emergency. Upon her return home to Oregon, she vowed as a Klamath County Commissioner to put steps in place that encourage people in her area to respond appropriately to an emergency. She said, “You don’t want to be waiting for an actual emergency to then figure out what you should have done.” KILL THE INDIAN, SAVE THE MANThe Klamath valley has seen its fair share of emergencies, but every generation seems surprised. And sometimes apathetic. The first occupants of this area were the Klamath Tribes: the Klamath, the Modoc and the Yahooskin-Paiute people. They were sometimes referred to as mukluks or numu – the people. People, while differentiated by name, are still animals. And like our multi-legged, finned, scaled, and winged companions, we are an integral part of the environment. This was, and remains, a pan-Indigenous concept that deserves reminding. The Klamath Tribes embraced this belief in a shared communal slogan, “naanok ?ans naat sat’waYa naat ciiwapk diceew’a “We help each other; We will live good”These people did live well. For thousands of years area bands and tribes — bound by loyalty and family — fished, hunted, farmed, and ranched the land in a perpetual act of reciprocity that respected and honored the land and its occupants. From the marshy banks of Oregon’s Klamath Lake and up the Sprague Valley, south along the rivers feeding California’s Lower Klamath Lake, across the lava beds and all the way down to Shasta Mountain, the Klamath tribes prided themselves on their industriousness.But by the 1800s, the word industrious took on a different tenor. The industrialist fueled American imperialism swaggered on to the scene with their own slogan: No thanks, we’ll help ourselves; so that we will live good. In 1826 The Hudson Bay Company trappers invaded Klamath territories and conflicts ensued. By 1838, the company had made maps of the region making it easier for John C. Frémont to lead an expedition into the area in 1843 as part of the country’s doctrine of Manifest Destiny. If you’ve even been to California, you probably have seen Fremont’s name. In addition to the city of Fremont in northern California, there are dozens of streets and places that bear his name. He was a civil war general; one of four appointed by Abraham Lincoln. He was also the first nominee to run for presidential office by the Republican party. But he was decommissioned by the military in 1856 for his ‘unorthodox ways’. Ten years prior, on April 6, 1846, Fremont massacred between 120-200 Indigenous people on the Sacramento River. A month later, May 12, 1846, led by his trusty scout Kit Carson, they raided a Klamath village killing over fourteen people. Kit Carson had been killing and scalping Indigenous people from Colorado to California for nearly twenty years by this point. His first was when he was nineteen years old in 1828. After two decades of wars waged against the Klamath Tribes by the United States, they agreed to a treaty in 1864. In exchange for the 22 million acres these people had cared for over thousands of years and for hundreds of generations, the United States granted them the right to continue to hunt, fish, and gather within a designated 1.2 million acre reservation. Less than one tenth of their land. The treaty also included rights to the water. Article 6 of the treaty read:“To each head of a family shall be assigned and granted a tract of not less than forty nor more than one hundred and twenty acres, according to the number of persons in such family; and to each single man above the age of twenty-one years a tract not exceeding forty acres.” The treaty was ratified in 1870. With a signature at the bottom of a string of legalese I can barely understand, these people lost nearly 99 percent of their land and ancestral heritage. The dispossession created tension between the Klamath and Modoc leading to the Modoc War between 1872-73. The Klamath, Modoc and Yahooskin people mostly remained loyal to one another; and they remained industrious. As part of the treaty, the United States agreed to provide services and support aimed at assimilating these native people into Western culture and livelihoods. Article 5 of the treaty states:“The United States further engage to furnish and pay for the services and subsistence, for the term of fifteen years, of one superintendent of farming operations, one farmer, one blacksmith, one sawyer, one carpenter, and one wagon and plough maker, and for the term of twenty years of one physician, one miller, and two school-teachers.”Elders encouraged young people to learn the new ways of living and farming; including farming timber. By 1870 they constructed a lumber mill and began selling timber back to settlers. They even sold lumber to the United States to build Fort Klamath – a U.S. military outpost used to deter attacks from Indigenous people on encroaching settlers.KILL THE TRIBES, STEAL THEIR MONEY By the 1950s the Klamath Tribes became one of the most prosperous tribes in America. In keeping with their traditional ways, they owned, managed, and sustained the largest stand of Ponderosa Pine in the West. Driven by a self-sufficient determinism millennia old, they were the only tribe to make enough money to pay the United States Government for the services their people utilized.  But their success made them a target. The 1950s marked the beginning of the Cold War as communist paranoia swept through the United States. The reservation system the government had thrust upon Indigenous people was suddenly deemed communist. These people, and their alien ways, were seen as anti-American. Worse yet, most tribes were dependent on a central government – clear evidence of communism. This is the same central government that stole their land, attempted genocide, and forced the remaining survivors onto reservations. America was also building highways at this time and needed land; they were selling cars and needed oil; they were building atomic bombs and needed uranium; and they needed money to fund wartime debt and nation building of countries we had destroyed or help to destroy in two World Wars. The United States surveyed the country in search of valuable land and resources and the reservations and treaties they had invented were getting in the way. They needed that land to tax, sell, and exploit for natural resources and money. In the words of former Cheyenne Senator from Colorado, Ben Nighthorse Campbell:“In Washington’s infinite wisdom, it was decided that tribes should no longer be tribes, never mind that they had been tribes for thousands of years.”In 1952 the House of Representatives issued Joint Resolution 698 which called for a list of tribes to be terminated. The focus was first on tribes that had demonstrated self-sufficiency, had been adequately acculturated, and were willing to accept the termination of federal assistance. The Klamath Tribes stood out. Having demonstrated just how profitable their land could be, it was time the United States took even more than they had a century prior. On August 1, 1953, House Concurrent Resolution 108 was issued by the United States Congress announcing the official federal policy of termination. The resolution called for the immediate termination of the Klamath Tribes. Included were the Flathead, Menominee, Potawatomi, and Turtle Mountain Chippewa, along with all tribes in the states of California, New York, Florida, and Texas.Between 1945 and 1960 Congress terminated more than one hundred tribes and small bands, 11,500 Indigenous people lost their native legal status, and over one million acres of land lost its trust status. Not a single tribe has improved economically since, while corporations have profited handsomely. In 1970, President Richard Nixon – an unlikely preacher of morality and legality – issued this statement of repudiation to Congress:“Because termination is morally and legally unacceptable, because it produces bad practical results, and because the mere threat of termination tends to discourage greater self-sufficiency among Indian groups, I am asking the Congress to pass a new Concurrent Resolution which would expressly renounce, repudiate and repeal the termination policy as expressed in House Concurrent Resolution 108 of the 83rd Congress.”Since the end of termination, as of 2013, “78 of the 113 terminated tribes have been recognized again by the United States government and 35 now have casinos; 24 of these tribes are now considered extinct; 10 have state recognition but not federal recognition; and 31 are without land. GAMBLING OUR EXISTENCEIn 1974, a Federal Court ruled the right of the Klamath Tribes to their Treaty rights to hunt, fish, and gather. They also ordered that the tribe be consulted on land management matters that may infringe on their Treaty rights. In 1986 the Reagan administration restored their Federal recognition, but did not return their land. They were then asked to come up with a plan for how to remain self-sufficient if they were to remain in the area. They were determined to honor their commitment to their ancestors who, like them, cared for the land they lived on for thousands of years. And already demonstrating their ability to coexist with colonial settlers, they also wanted to adhere to their belief, “We help each other; We will live good.” So they proposed building a casino. In 1997, 45 years after termination, and the Reagan administration’s approval allowing tribal casinos, they opened the doors to the Kla-Mo-Ya Casino. While casinos indeed infuse money and resources into challenged tribal communities, there’s also evidence casinos lead to gambling addictions – especially among economically vulnerable residents – including aging tribal elders.The Klamath Tribes water rights are front and center as wells run dry in the Klamath River basin. For millennia, people of the Klamath Tribes celebrated the return of fish in the spring after long harsh winters had drained their food supplies. Two of the most prominent species they welcomed home were the c’waam and koptu – also known as Lost River and suckers. Since 1991, the number of juvenile c’waam has all but vanished. In recent years, Klamath tribal biologists have begun a program to rebuild their populations. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service started their own program in 2018. But it may be too late. Over 75% of the fish habitat is lost. Dams have reduced their territory, runoff from agricultural chemicals have polluted the waters, and irrigation systems have drained the marshes they need to survive. The same marshes the Klamath people had cared for and depended on for generations – alongside their finned friends. The federal government has been working with the tribe to rehabilitate the marshes by pulling water from the lake. But with extreme drought conditions, there’s little water to go around.As residents and ranchers see their wells and irrigation pipes dry up, they’re calling on the government to release more water from the lake. But both the state of Oregon and the U.S. Federal Government have determined the Klamath Tribe has superior rights to the water. The last time conflict over water rose to this level was back in 2001. That was when three White men drove through a local town firing 12-gauge shotguns yelling, “SUCKER LOVERS.” The local sheriff called it an act of terrorism. Surely Klamath County Commissioner, Kelly Minty Morris, has prepared her community for this “extreme alert." I’m afraid not. Once again, Kelley has been taken off guard echoing the same words she used just three years prior when dealing with the thought of an airborne missile attack. “This is something that you don't really think of having to deal with in a country like ours," said Klamath County Commissioner Kelley Minty Morris. "It's unimaginable to me even though it's going on right in my community." Having to drive for water is not something people like Kelley are accustom to, but the descendants of this land’s caretakers have been doing it for hundreds of years. Just ask residents of America’s largest nation within our nation, the Navajo Nation. To combat the spread of Covid-19 that ravished this area, hand washing stations were installed that people had to drive or walk to just to wash their hands.It can take two hours to drive to the nearest voting box in Navajo Nation. But that didn’t keep the U.S. Supreme Court from recently upholding voting rights legislation in Arizona that will make it even harder for these people to cast a vote for change. The judges 6-3 vote claimed a two hour drive doesn’t exceed the “usual burdens of voting.” That’s what systemic racism looks like.I don’t mean to diminish the suffering of people in Klamath County, including Commissioner Morris. Human suffering knows no history, social standing, or ethnicity. After all, some of the ranchers and residents who need the water are also Klamath Tribal members. Water will become increasing scarce in the arid West. It’s time we stop pretending we can build more housing developments, plant more lawns, water thirsty crops, feed more cattle, frack more gas, green more greens, sprinkle more sprinklers, or build more dams. It’s clear the climate will change faster than our behavior, but we don’t have time. The recent IPCC report highlights water as a pressing global issue. It warns that in addition to increased rainfall like we’ve seen in parts of the United States recently, droughts will also increase in some regions, fire weather will become more frequent, and oceans, lakes, rivers, and ponds will become warmer and more acidic. Since 1991, the Stockholm International Water Institute has been studying water governance, transboundary water management, water and climate change, the water-energy-food nexus, and water economics around the world. They remind us that by 2050, our plant could be home to 10 billion people. Even as populations grow, the amount of freshwater remains constant. Here are five ways they recommend we avert a global water crisis:VALUE WATERIf we increase the value of water, we will reduce use and pollution. All sectors of society must learn to manage water in a way that strengthens the water cycle.SHARE WATERCompetition over water will only increase, so we need to manage it together. The better prepared we are for erratic rainfall, droughts, and floods the better we can handle the fallout.TRANSFORM AGRICULTUREAgriculture must be massively transformed. To avoid mass hunger from degraded lands, we need to make freshwater available for alternative uses – food production practices today account for 70 per cent of freshwater withdrawals. Those practices are the main drivers of water pollution and global warming. RESTORE ECOSYSTEMSA mass extinction of species, like the threatened c’waam, koptu, and salmon, could threaten human existence. We depend on healthy ecosystems for food, water, and livelihoods. By protecting and restoring ecosystems we can limit climate change, stop the loss of biodiversity, and improve water security. BUILD RESILIENCEDroughts, heat waves, floods, and rainstorms are expected to become more frequent and more severe. All sectors of society need to redesign for resilience. Communities that protect their local watersheds and manage forests in a way that improves groundwater recharge tackle several of the world’s greatest challenges simultaneously. It’s taken a team of Western educated PhDs and three hundred years of ‘enlightenment’ to arrive at five things the Indigenous populations around the world have known for thousands of years. We chose, and continue to choose, to silence them. But the tide is turning. I’m convinced, as these Swedes are, that a combination of traditional knowledge and new science, technology, and invention will yield the best path forward for managing our global climatic conundrums. But we can’t just tech our way out of this. We’re going to have to change our food habits, reduce extractions, eliminate commercial and consumer waste, and overhaul the global food system. The dam has been cracked, but it needs to be broken wide open. All living organisms depend on water. They depend on us. Let’s listen to the ancient words of the Klamath people: When we help each other, we will all live well. Expanding on the words of Kelley Minty Morris: we don’t want to be waiting for the edge of human extinction to then figure out what we should have done to avoid it. Subscribe at interplace.io

Today, in Episode 2 of our Drought Week series, we go to Upper Klamath Lake in southern Oregon. As water shortages become a permanent part of life in the American West, battles are brewing everywhere for what little remains. Even in long-verdant areas like the Beaver State.We'll talk to L.A. Times reporter Anita Chabria and Don Gentry, the chairman of the Klamath Tribes. The tribes get first rights to the water of Upper Klamath Lake, which they use to help sustain a fish important to their culture. But farmers are angry because they're not getting any water this year. Now, members of the far right are coming in to try to exploit the tension.After that story, stick around to hear Nick Itkin talk about how he got into fencing and came to represent the United States in the Tokyo Olympics. More reading:Racism, drought and history: Young Native Americans fight back as water disappearsWater crisis reaches boiling point on Oregon-California lineAs drought slams California and Oregon, Klamath farmers grow fish to quell a water war

This week, Think Out Loud has traveled to the Klamath Basin to have conversations with people affected by the severe drought in the region. The Klamath Tribes have major concerns about the health and survival of the C'waam and Koptu, also known as the Lost River and shortnose suckers. Clayton Dumont is a tribal councilman for the Klamath Tribes. He joins us from the side of the Williamson River in Chiloquin to share details about what's going on with the fish and other ecological and cultural issues facing the region.

The 242 fire in Southern Oregon burned through thousands of acres, many of them hunting and gathering grounds for the Klamath Tribes. The fire also burned the tribes' cemetery and at least one tribal member's house. At the same time, the tribes have seen an uptick in COVID-19 cases. Zakary Jackson, Emergency Manager for the Klamath Tribes joins us.