Podcasts about Potawatomi

The Brewers complete the sweep of the Marlins thanks to great pitching and a walk-off homer from William Contreras!

Brewers beat the Marlins in Game 2 of their series at American Family Field. Garrett Mitchell and Jackson Chourio with big hits in a pivotal 6th inning.

Tim and Sparky talk about a Brewers 2 to 1 10 innings win over the Marlins.

Hello Interactors,As Canadian and Alaskan wildfire smoke drifts across North American borders, it's easy to resort to feelings and language of crisis in the demand for urgent, immediate control. But fires are not new to these landscapes, and this “crisis” sits alongside others that are also on fire. Climate crises events bring into focus which histories we forget, whose knowledge we ignore, and which relationships we disrupt. Turns out it's happening at a cellular level too. The real danger is a world and ecology changing so quickly, and understood so narrowly, that it erases the very temporal patterns, memories, and ecological relationships that make adaptation possible.FIRE'S FRACTURED FREQUENCYThe climate crisis is often communicated through rising averages. We read of climbing global temperatures, sea levels, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, and acres burned. These measurements are indispensable, but averages can make crisis feel distant and abstract. In a forest, climate change is also experienced as an altered interval — as too little time between one disturbance and the next.A forest is not a passive surface. It actively shapes its own microclimate, stores carbon, and retains moisture until fire temporarily disrupts these relationships…and in doing so creates new ones.To understand what shorter fire intervals are doing to Alaska's boreal forests, ecologist Xanthe Walker and an interdisciplinary team of researchers examined carbon storage and forest recovery across 555 plots associated with thirty-one fires. They compared stands with different fire histories, including sites that had burned repeatedly before black spruce forests could fully recover. The absolute amount of carbon released by individual fires was broadly similar across fire-return intervals, but recently burned landscapes began with smaller remaining carbon pools and therefore lost a greater proportion of what remained. Repeated burning also consumed more legacy carbon — the carbon inherited from earlier vegetation and accumulated soils — and reduced the likelihood that some sites would regenerate as black spruce forest. Fire was doing more than releasing carbon in the present. By interrupting regeneration, it was weakening the landscape's capacity to store carbon in the future (Walker et al., 2025).Black spruce forests are not merely tolerant of fire but have evolved with stand-replacing fire as a recurring part of their life cycle. Their cones evolved to be little seed bombs that stay in the trees and release their seeds when they burn. This helps new trees grow on the ground where they're not protected by the canopy. That strategy works when fires recur at intervals long enough for stands to mature, rebuild their seed stocks, and accumulate biomass. Historically, boreal fire-return intervals commonly ranged from about seventy to 130 years. Black spruce may require roughly fifty years to produce enough seed for self-replacement. Yet intervals of less than thirty years are becoming more common in some areas, allowing another fire to arrive before recovery is complete (Walker et al., 2025).Under those conditions, fire can push regeneration away from black spruce toward deciduous vegetation or more open landscapes. Such places may remain biologically productive, but they are no longer the same forests. They store carbon, retain moisture, shelter organisms, but also carry subsequent fires differently. The landscape may not simply return to its former state after disturbance; it may cross into another ecological regime, organized by different species, intervals, and feedback loops.MEMORY, MEANING, AND MALLEABILITYIt is tempting to call such transformations unprecedented. In some measurable respects, they are. We know Industrial greenhouse-gas emissions are rapidly altering atmospheric and ecological systems on a planetary scale, and the effects are not confined to normal oscillations around once-familiar conditions. The rate, direction, and geographic concentration of change effects forests adapted to fire and may be unable to adjust when fire's frequency exceeds the time needed for reproduction and recovery.The fact that Earth has always changed does not make the present disruption ordinary. But neither does the climate crisis mark the first time people have faced the collapse of an expected environmental order. Many humans didn't survive the Little Ice Age, but many did.For many Indigenous peoples, colonization produced generations of forced displacement, altered fire and water regimes, destroyed food systems, suppressed governance, and separated communities from ancestral lands. What dominant institutions now describe as an unprecedented disruption may appear within Indigenous histories as another transformation imposed by powers that have long treated land, water, plants, animals, and people as resources to be reorganized.The word crisis can therefore describe an observable material condition while concealing a historical one. The flames are real, but so are the questions of who altered the landscape, whose losses are treated as new, who is expected to adapt, and who gets to define recovery. Potawatomi scholar Kyle Whyte challenges this framing, arguing that a dominant “epistemology of crisis” treats environmental disruptions as radically new, imminent threats (Whyte, 2021). This framing isolates the crisis from historical contexts of colonialism, allowing institutions to justify urgent, top-down actions that bypass local consent and justice under the guise of emergency.That framing carries two recurring assumptions. The first is unprecedentedness — the belief that the past contains few usable precedents or lessons for present conditions. The second is urgency — the belief that immediate action may justify setting aside ordinary concerns about consent, justice, and responsibility. Whyte's intervention exposes how crisis language can obscure Indigenous histories of displacement and adaptation while allowing new forms of dispossession to proceed in the name of emergency responses (Whyte, 2021).Whyte is not arguing that climate change is unreal or that rapid action is unnecessary. He is asking what calls for urgency and emergency action leads people to overlook or forget.When the present is imagined as unprecedented, earlier crises become difficult to see. Climate-related relocation may be narrated as a novel problem even though Indigenous nations have extensive experience with forced removal, shrinking territories, flooding, and government-directed resettlement. Declaring the current moment historically unique can erase not only previous violence but also knowledge formed through surviving it.Whyte contrasts crisis epistemology with an “epistemology of coordination.” Coordination begins not with novelty but with constant change. It asks whether the relationships needed to respond remain intact. Those relationships take the form of kinship and mutual responsibilities, including care, consent, and reciprocity. They generate what Whyte calls the “responsible capacity to respond to constant change” (2021, p. 52).This is a big geophilosophical change in how we think about the world. Adaptation isn't just about an organism or group of organisms changing to fit their environment, it's also about how things are connected, like people, places, history, and processes (the primary focus of Interplace). Fire isn't just about heat progressively burning through plants. It depends on things like how old the trees are, how much moisture there is in the soil, how many seeds are available, if there have been any fires before, what the weather is like, and the rules and laws that people have made about how to handle fire. What the forest looks like after a fire depends on which relationships are still around.The same is true of human communities. Memory is not merely a record of what happened. It is part of the infrastructure of adaptation. It carries knowledge of earlier disturbances, durable practices, failed interventions, and obligations extending beyond the present generation. A society that repeatedly labels each disruption unprecedented may collect and reason over immense quantities of data while remaining unable — or unwilling — to learn from other histories.CELLS, CUES, AND CONTINGENCYThe adaptive value of memory may reach far deeper into life than culture or nervous systems. Evolutionary biologists Maor Knafo, Elena Casacuberta, and Iñaki Ruiz-Trillo begin a recent study with the observation that “one of life's most remarkable features is its persistent and adaptive resilience in the face of constant environmental fluctuations” (2026, p. 1). They investigated whether a single-celled organism could use an environmental cue to anticipate future stress rather than responding only after that stress arrived.Cells exposed to a predictable light and vibration cue before heat stress experienced a 12 percent mortality rate, compared to a 27 percent mortality rate for cells subjected to unpredictable, random cues. The cells didn't just adapt to the heat; they learned to anticipate it, demonstrating that even single-celled life relies on temporal regularities to survive.The authors paired this experiment with a computational model. A nonlearning “blind” agent could adapt only through genetic mutation and selection across generations. A learning agent could also revise its phenotypic strategy within its lifetime, exploring alternatives when earlier responses performed poorly. In predictable environments, learning agents achieved higher fitness because they could use environmental cues to prepare for approaching conditions.The study does not demonstrate that cells reason as humans do. Nor does a cellular experiment prove a general philosophy of life. It does, however, offer evidence that even single cells can exploit temporal regularities in their surroundings. Adaptation is not always a passive process through which an external environment selects among fixed organisms. Organisms detect, respond to, and sometimes anticipate the worlds they inhabit.The model also showed that flexibility has its limits. As the simulated environment became more unpredictable, the benefits of learning started to fade. After a certain point, the cues that used to predict what would happen next didn't work as well. Keeping things flexible came with a cost, because it didn't give them any clear guidance. In the end, simpler, fixed strategies performed better. When the environment suddenly changed, the learning agents first took a big hit because their expectations had become useless. But their flexibility eventually helped them bounce back, but it also meant they made mistakes, got confused, and took time to adjust. (Knafo et al., 2026).Let's not get carried away with the comparisons. A forest isn't a Bayesian agent, and Indigenous knowledge can't be boiled down to simple conditioning. They're different forms of life, knowledge, and organization. What they do have in common is this shared principle: adaptation relies on meaningful patterns connecting past experiences to future situations.A black spruce forest can recover from a fire when trees have time to grow and produce seeds. A cell can prepare for heat when it anticipates it. A community can adapt when things change, remembering past actions, taking responsibility, and maintaining relationships. Resilience arises from a symbiotic relationship between living things and their environment. Life's resilience isn't innate. It's more that it stems from memory, prediction, adaptation, and readiness…until the world's race surpasses its ability to keep pace.RELATIONSHIPS, RECOVERY, AND RESPONSIBILITYGeographer Karen Bickerstaff warns against the dominance of a “catastrophic gaze” that portrays climate change as an imminent, universal threat (Bickerstaff, 2026). While planetary measurements are indispensable, this abstract framing can paralyze political agency, reducing people to passive spectators awaiting either inevitable collapse or a far-off technological rescue (Bickerstaff, 2026). Although our atmosphere is shared, climate exposure, responsibility, and adaptive capacity remain radically uneven. The crisis is planetary in cause, but it is lived and experienced through particular bodies, infrastructures, and local ecosystems.This planetary abstraction often fosters a form of “cruel optimism” — a reliance on grand technological promises like geoengineering or carbon-removal systems that allow us to avoid changing our politics or holding powerful actors accountable (Bickerstaff, 2026). The dangers of these universal, top-down approaches are highly visible in fire governance. Simple, blanket policies — such as total fire suppression or restrictive carbon-offset projects — frequently ignore the diverse ecological histories of fire and displace Indigenous burning practices, which ultimately increases the flammability of the landscape.In contrast to these universalizing fixes, true responsibility must preserve and restore the unique capacities of particular systems to respond to change. This is where Kyle Whyte's epistemology of coordination can turn to practice. His push is for climate action to strengthen the relationships — such as consent, reciprocity, and intergenerational obligations. This is what is his ancestors practiced surviving constant change (Whyte, 2021).Instead of top-down emergency responses that make justice disposable in the name of speed, we need “situated action” (Bickerstaff, 2026). While individuals cannot act on a planetary scale, they can act meaningfully within their own watersheds, neighborhoods, and local political coalitions. Climate action becomes durable not when it chases abstract global targets, but when it visibly improves local health, restores specific ecosystems, and corrects immediate injustices (Bickerstaff, 2026).This is not an argument for delay. Emissions do need to fall (leading to innumerable benefits), but urgency cannot excuse us from asking what kind of world our interventions produce. The task is to connect scales without allowing the global to erase the particular. A mature black spruce indeed stores carbon, but it also stores decades of growth, fungal relationships, and a history of fire and recovery. When fire returns too soon, the forest loses not just biomass, but time. Climate responsibility begins here. Not in the fantasy of holding a restless Earth still, but in preserving the intervals, relationships, and possibilities through which living systems can continue to adapt.REFERENCESBickerstaff, K. (2026). The perils of climate catastrophism: A call to situate crisis and change. WIREs Climate Change.Knafo, M., Casacuberta, E., & Ruiz-Trillo, I. (2026). Beyond diffusion: Bayesian learning strategies in single-cell life. Walker, X. J., Mack, M. C., Black, B., Dean, J., Kemper, L. F., Potter, S., Rogers, B. M., & Truettner, C. M. (2025). Increasing wildfire frequency decreases carbon storage and leads to regeneration failure in Alaskan boreal forests. Fire Ecology.Whyte, K. (2021). Against crisis epistemology. In B. Hokowhitu, A. Moreton-Robinson, L. Tuhiwai-Smith, C. Andersen, & S. Larkin (Eds.), Routledge handbook of critical Indigenous studies (pp. 52–64). Routledge. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit interplace.io

07-09-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Take Series Finale and Big Show Announcement To The Post Game full 3680 Fri, 10 Jul 2026 04:10:51 +0000 1BvYeHTtHwZjkXE5MYViOQiMvED5Sz9Z sports Brewers Coverage sports 07-09-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Take Series Finale and Big Show Announcement To The Post Game Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sp

07-08-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Drop Game 4 in STL full 4344 Thu, 09 Jul 2026 03:58:34 +0000 O7NKSLVL0reoCSOwH5Fc1RqxL5n92xbT sports Brewers Coverage sports 07-08-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Drop Game 4 in STL Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports https://player.am

07-07-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Take Game 2 of Double Header Behind 7 Innings of Gasser full 3715 Wed, 08 Jul 2026 03:33:51 +0000 On1Ra6IVJ9lceyShazVAcqu3JdM2ZXih sports Brewers Coverage sports 07-07-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Take Game 2 of Double Header Behind 7 Innings of Gasser Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports

07-06-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Come From Behind and Top The Cards in Game 1! full 3683 Tue, 07 Jul 2026 04:09:32 +0000 HwXLFJyCqC1Bm2gDV7tNKvfkYPhLlA61 sports Brewers Coverage sports 07-06-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Come From Behind and Top The Cards in Game 1! Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports

07-07-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Take Game 1 of Double Header Behind 7 Innings of Miz full 3948 Tue, 07 Jul 2026 23:33:09 +0000 7C0edrsCd3rFA2Gp8jjs8SzGpCP8Z4KS sports Brewers Coverage sports 07-07-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Take Game 1 of Double Header Behind 7 Innings of Miz Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports

07-05-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Take The Series in The Desert! full 5040 Mon, 06 Jul 2026 01:22:35 +0000 bBvwDybd9iXR3Ol9zUK4BSwQKnM3McwZ sports Brewers Coverage sports 07-05-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Take The Series in The Desert! Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports https

07-04-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers lose as they struggle with RISP again full 2527 Sun, 05 Jul 2026 04:53:16 +0000 tKe5JPXLRemC4zWsvTJC06zspPkVj38P sports Brewers Coverage sports 07-04-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers lose as they struggle with RISP again Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports

07-03-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Extra Innings in Phoenix No Match For Brewers Late Offensive Surge! full 5437 Sat, 04 Jul 2026 06:07:45 +0000 WXDYFZhurfqdEVvTuUsFjzIp2QERh36r sports Brewers Coverage sports 07-03-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Extra Innings in Phoenix No Match For Brewers Late Offensive Surge! Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Spor

07-02-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers can't complete the sweep full 4975 Thu, 02 Jul 2026 23:55:37 +0000 gTsrOP8QCCjESS95sLupV9vLXBhyXvq5 sports Brewers Coverage sports 07-02-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers can't complete the sweep Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports https://pla

07-01-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Top Reds in Game 3, Look For The Sweep Tomorrow full 3693 Thu, 02 Jul 2026 04:09:04 +0000 R8MCwdtOM0vcy1FOe4cj2f2jl5M8RNZy sports Brewers Coverage sports 07-01-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Top Reds in Game 3, Look For The Sweep Tomorrow Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports

06-30-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: The Brewers Can't Stop Beating The Reds full 4417 Wed, 01 Jul 2026 04:12:48 +0000 9xz6gezHfzHGfRWFXP0CBcAjzP1l7NTx sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-30-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: The Brewers Can't Stop Beating The Reds Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports http

06-29-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Bounce Back With Clutch Hitting Against CIN! full 3695 Tue, 30 Jun 2026 04:18:21 +0000 XtJw3f4iOZRr7UE2q5L347q9gjt5Nw0f sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-29-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Bounce Back With Clutch Hitting Against CIN! Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports

06-28-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Drop Series Finale vs CHI, Offense NEEDS To Be Better! full 5059 Sun, 28 Jun 2026 23:12:17 +0000 DbtW7Z3oIyKsw8r5zMy7PUc6I6IyLJh2 sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-28-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Drop Series Finale vs CHI, Offense NEEDS To Be Better! Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports

06-27-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Drop Game 2, Woodruff in The Rubber Match on Sunday! full 5742 Sun, 28 Jun 2026 04:03:10 +0000 X6ZSA96TV28RzMs958KioPDJRwXmDZxv sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-27-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Drop Game 2, Woodruff in The Rubber Match on Sunday! Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports

06-26-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers win game one of Cubs series behind Misiorowski full 5296 Sat, 27 Jun 2026 04:18:03 +0000 oylLNM48z6rYNvKOP3haIVCqIvHhXJAg sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-26-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers win game one of Cubs series behind Misiorowski Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports

06-24-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Finish Off The Sweep In Cincy! full 4931 Thu, 25 Jun 2026 04:14:15 +0000 xj996erJDX0HRE32SmniPmj5vsLrmf7W sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-24-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Finish Off The Sweep In Cincy! Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports https

06-23-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brandon Sproat Does His Best Brandon Woodruff Impression in a 2-0 Win full 5000 Wed, 24 Jun 2026 04:17:38 +0000 iVsR3FKqQK9yzYHkd1Bfm6OI5PpwkF36 sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-23-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brandon Sproat Does His Best Brandon Woodruff Impression in a 2-0 Win Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sp

06-22-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Big Woo Dazzles in Return to The Mound! full 5908 Tue, 23 Jun 2026 05:09:37 +0000 ko8CaElXVMgC0sPuR4GcoqpKsBxrhTZM sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-22-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Big Woo Dazzles in Return to The Mound! Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports http

Episode Topic: Notre Dame's History with Native Peoples from Reunion 2026 Drawing from the records of Fr. Badin, Fr. Sorin, and Fr. Hesburgh, as well as Chief Leopold Pokagon, the founder of the Pokagon Band of Potawatomi, Zada Ballew '19 tells a fuller, more complicated story of how Notre Dame was founded and why. In this telling, Indigenous peoples are neither missing nor absent from the narrative — they are central to the history of the land that became Notre Dame. Understand more fully how the early history of the Potawatomi and Notre Dame is remembered on campus.Featured Speakers:Zada Ballew, outgoing chair of NAA, University of Notre DameRead this episode's recap over on the University of Notre Dame's open online learning community platform, ThinkND: https://go.nd.edu/b0111b. This podcast is a part of the ThinkND Series titled Indigenous Voices.Thanks for listening! The ThinkND Podcast is brought to you by ThinkND, the University of Notre Dame's online learning community. We connect you with videos, podcasts, articles, courses, and other resources to inspire minds and spark conversations on topics that matter to you — everything from faith and politics, to science, technology, and your career.Learn more about ThinkND and register for upcoming live events at think.nd.edu.Join our LinkedIn community for updates, episode clips, and more.

Please Hit Subscribe, and share the show. Click here to go to our Facebook page. https://www.facebook.com/222paranormal Click here to see Jennifer's book. https://a.co/d/0iTFPOVE Click here to see Joe's book. https://a.co/d/02hMvI8X What happens when centuries of history, Native American legends, military tragedy, shipwrecks, and one of America's oldest lighthouses all occupy the same piece of land? You get **Fort Gratiot**. In this episode of **222 Paranormal Podcast**, Joe and Jennifer Shortridge travel to the shores of **Port Huron, Michigan**, to uncover the fascinating and eerie history surrounding **Fort Gratiot** and the **Fort Gratiot Lighthouse**. While millions of visitors know the lighthouse as Michigan's oldest, few realize the dark stories that have unfolded around it for more than two centuries. The episode begins long before the first American soldiers arrived. We explore the Native American history of the region, examining why this stretch of shoreline was so important to the Ojibwe, Ottawa, and Potawatomi people. We also discuss the long-standing legends surrounding possible Native burial grounds and why these stories continue to be associated with paranormal activity today. From there, we dive into the **War of 1812** and the construction of Fort Gratiot in 1814. Discover what life was really like for soldiers stationed along the Great Lakes frontier as they battled brutal winters, isolation, disease, and the constant uncertainty of military life. Many of the earliest ghost stories began with these lonely sentries who reported hearing footsteps, phantom voices, and seeing shadowy figures moving through the fog after dark. Next, we explore the remarkable history of the **Fort Gratiot Lighthouse**, built in 1825 as Michigan's first lighthouse. Countless lives depended on its beacon as storms and shipwrecks claimed vessels across Lake Huron. We discuss the hardships faced by lighthouse keepers and the strange experiences reported inside the tower over the years. No discussion of Fort Gratiot would be complete without examining its most famous hauntings. We investigate the stories of **"Lighthouse Bob" Hanford**, whose love of the lighthouse may have continued after his passing, and **Frank Kimball**, a nineteenth-century keeper whose spirit has allegedly been captured in photographs, audio recordings, and paranormal investigations. We also examine the chilling legend of the mysterious **Seawall Apparition**, a woman dressed in dark clothing who has reportedly been seen by visitors and Coast Guard personnel before vanishing without explanation. The episode also explores the haunted guardhouse, military prisoner stories, unexplained shadow figures, ghostly sentinels walking the fort walls, and reports of strange lights along the shoreline. We even examine the connection between Fort Gratiot and the legendary **Great Lakes Triangle**, where unexplained disappearances, phantom ships, and mysterious phenomena have fascinated researchers for generations Joe also shares his personal experiences visiting Port Huron while researching his book, including exploring local cemeteries, photographing the iconic **Blue Water Bridge**, and why he believes small towns often preserve the richest paranormal legends. Whether you're fascinated by haunted lighthouses, military history, Great Lakes mysteries, or true paranormal investigations, this episode offers a deep dive into one of Michigan's most compelling haunted locations. Turn down the lights, put on your headphones, and join us as we uncover the history, hauntings, and enduring mysteries of **Fort Gratiot and the Fort Gratiot Lighthouse**. Because sometimes... the past never truly leaves. Welcome to the 222 Paranormal Podcast, your gateway to the captivating world of the supernatural. Immerse yourself in our expertly crafted episodes, where we delve deep into a wide range of paranormal phenomena, including ghostly hauntings, cryptid sightings, and unexplained mysteries that defy logic. Each episode is meticulously researched and features engaging discussions with leading experts, seasoned ghost hunters, and renowned paranormal investigators. We cover the latest advancements in ghost hunting technology, offer practical tips for both amateur and experienced investigators, and review essential equipment for your paranormal adventures. Our podcast also explores the rich history of haunted locations, sharing true stories and firsthand accounts that will send chills down your spine. Whether you're a die-hard fan of the paranormal or just curious about the unknown, our content is designed to entertain, inform, and ignite your imagination. Stay tuned as we uncover secrets from the most haunted places around the world and analyze the most intriguing supernatural events. We also provide in-depth interviews with notable figures in the field and explore theories that challenge conventional understanding of reality. By subscribing to our Paranormal Podcast, you'll stay updated with the latest episodes, allowing you to join a community of like-minded individuals who share your fascination with the unexplained. Don't miss out on our exclusive content and special features, which bring you closer to the mysteries that lie beyond our everyday experiences. Dive into the world of the unknown with our Paranormal Podcast and experience the thrill of discovering what lies just beyond the veil of reality.

06-21-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Avoid The Sweep in ATL full 4552 Sun, 21 Jun 2026 21:59:52 +0000 SrY0zHt7sRDZgiy3dJxUyZeBr2YhyD01 sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-21-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Avoid The Sweep in ATL Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports https://playe

06-20-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers lose another heartbreaker on walk-off HR full 5974 Sun, 21 Jun 2026 00:14:48 +0000 RTkD5CSSfdfQVr4k6WK5Gx3GCMgBtnVu sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-20-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers lose another heartbreaker on walk-off HR Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports

06-19-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Drop Game 1 in ATL On Heartbreak in the 9th full 5936 Sat, 20 Jun 2026 03:57:50 +0000 CZnbOOP8fOXtOm3zI0zYtpP0AM7ppf5A sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-19-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Drop Game 1 in ATL On Heartbreak in the 9th Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports

06-17-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Pratt's First Career Hit, Brewers Offense On Fire, Go For The Sweep vs CLE full 4655 Thu, 18 Jun 2026 04:22:33 +0000 xqj9Sl0gjzHcRnj7E5RRAAjBecwAAXgk sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-17-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Pratt's First Career Hit, Brewers Offense On Fire, Go For The Sweep vs CLE Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc.

6-18-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers offense falls short as bullpen blows game to fall short of a sweep full 3975 Thu, 18 Jun 2026 23:38:07 +0000 Dx8AgzrX9qTss4BTmHuc8Nhm7pcdDe6b sports Brewers Coverage sports 6-18-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers offense falls short as bullpen blows game to fall short of a sweep Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc.

06-16-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Cooper Pratt Debut, Brewers Win 2-1 Over CLE full 4644 Wed, 17 Jun 2026 04:24:45 +0000 JkBsH2xb4rUufChGyIkaMoaFS1ZKVgLq sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-16-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Cooper Pratt Debut, Brewers Win 2-1 Over CLE Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports

Tommy Wortz and Aaron Morse discuss the loss in Game 2 of the series

06-14-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Take The Series A Shutout The Phillies full 5526 Sun, 14 Jun 2026 23:20:12 +0000 dFrF5lMStx3azNUYwzpwy1jZRG60lKIs sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-14-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Take The Series A Shutout The Phillies Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports

06-12-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Miz Makes History as Brewers Take Game 1 vs Philly full 5788 Sat, 13 Jun 2026 04:30:41 +0000 FzQkdp6T1vBSojgaBBtp9SZyqiHGtYn9 sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-12-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Miz Makes History as Brewers Take Game 1 vs Philly Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports

06-10-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show- The Brewers Blow Game 3 & the Series in Vegas full 2510 Thu, 11 Jun 2026 04:55:54 +0000 IrLywsXWHjGUJYS9rYSAvYvFqXHtuuPu sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-10-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show- The Brewers Blow Game 3 & the Series in Vegas Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports

06-09-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show- Gasser Running Out of Gas & the Brewers Fall in Game 2 vs. the A's 7-5 full 3056 Wed, 10 Jun 2026 05:20:26 +0000 IHi6g367l8E5pMNzwxj729Voewknk97q sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-09-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show- Gasser Running Out of Gas & the Brewers Fall in Game 2 vs. the A's 7-5 Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. S

In a world that wants us to move faster, produce more, and live entirely in our heads, Kaitlin Curtice offers a different path: remembering who we are. Drawing on Indigenous wisdom, Kaitlin shares practical ways to reconnect with our bodies, our younger selves, each other, and the Earth. We discuss how trauma disconnects us from ourselves, why presence is a radical act of resistance, and how healing begins when we remember that we are not machines—we are human beings. - How trauma and disconnection pull us out of our bodies—and how to find our way back- Why asking "What does ‘Little You' need right now?" can be a powerful healing practice- Simple ways to reconnect with nature, presence, and yourself—including talking to your houseplants- The lasting impact of purity culture, colonization, and assimilation on our sense of self- Everyday acts of resistance that help us reclaim what we've lost About Kaitlin: Kaitlin Curtice is an award-winning author, poet-storyteller, and public speaker. As an enrolled citizen of the Potawatomi nation, Kaitlin writes on the intersections of spirituality and identity. She is a wise and vital voice on decolonizing our bodies, faith, and families, and the freedom and peace of embodiment - finding wholeness in ourselves, our stories, and our lineage. Her book, Living Resistance: An Indigenous Vision for Seeking Wholeness Every Day, examines the journey of resisting the status quo by caring for ourselves, one another, and Mother Earth. Follow We Can Do Hard Things on: Instagram — ⁠https://www.instagram.com/wecandohardthings⁠

06-07-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: The Brewers Mash Their Way to a 12-4 Win & Sweep of the Rockies! full 5039 Tue, 09 Jun 2026 17:04:30 +0000 a77tAjKjtS7XKmYU1YelvVlHEYE5ZmXv sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-07-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: The Brewers Mash Their Way to a 12-4 Win & Sweep of the Rockies! Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports

06-08-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show- The Brewers Grind Out a 12-Inning Instant Classic, Taking Game 1 vs. the A's 15-14! full 5394 Tue, 09 Jun 2026 17:05:51 +0000 ENYYMouGSLvCca1gZIPe8OuZDlVkgIXO sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-08-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show- The Brewers Grind Out a 12-Inning Instant Classic, Taking Game 1 vs. the A's 15-14! Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc.

06-06-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: What More Can You Say About The Miz? Brewers Win 7-1 full 2544 Sun, 07 Jun 2026 05:02:07 +0000 HY9K1KmJQf6c3WzuKotzva0Zvbk1c8qY sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-06-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: What More Can You Say About The Miz? Brewers Win 7-1 Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports

06-04-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Lose Slug Fest in Game 4 To SF full 3457 Fri, 05 Jun 2026 00:26:11 +0000 QTWGwJwSjL28ftWmy2ochlF3n3OspWW0 sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-04-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Lose Slug Fest in Game 4 To SF Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports https

06-03-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Drop Game 3 As Offense Goes Silent full 5180 Thu, 04 Jun 2026 00:11:49 +0000 7MyWhDvNblrQhhfyBExxJGibxbPBsvVA sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-03-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Drop Game 3 As Offense Goes Silent Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports h

06-02-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Harrison Continues To Deal, Brewers Take Game 2 vs SF full 3747 Wed, 03 Jun 2026 04:19:58 +0000 lPYNAUGzTeZbZ8ucbUh72prlWhJOaLBs sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-02-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Harrison Continues To Deal, Brewers Take Game 2 vs SF Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports

06-01-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game: Brewers Score 16 and Collect 18 Hits in Win Over The Giants! full 3692 Tue, 02 Jun 2026 03:49:13 +0000 oPxndPr1irL26K68OJsdRdF1k5VDrm8R sports Brewers Coverage sports 06-01-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game: Brewers Score 16 and Collect 18 Hits in Win Over The Giants! Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports

05-31-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Take The Series Over Houston After Miz Shines Again! full 5072 Sun, 31 May 2026 23:14:42 +0000 a2Zl1pYoJIoiZxqH1N5JIlCuVe8PNy6Y sports Brewers Coverage sports 05-31-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Take The Series Over Houston After Miz Shines Again! Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports

05-30-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Drop Game 2 in Houston After Sproat Sputters full 5043 Sun, 31 May 2026 01:05:11 +0000 brE2fmiMiQKWMpYLmY98wRTgFG2Z6RTF sports Brewers Coverage sports 05-30-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Drop Game 2 in Houston After Sproat Sputters Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports

05-29-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Steal Game 1 in Houston in Extras! full 4981 Sat, 30 May 2026 04:57:27 +0000 n4Pk6JYQ14OpNEH9xHupaE0pntjhqjUA sports Brewers Coverage sports 05-29-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Steal Game 1 in Houston in Extras! Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports h

05-26-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Take The Series After Abner Uribe's Antics Spark Controversy full 4553 Wed, 27 May 2026 04:06:39 +0000 0RtkT5dNqtPnTK2uRG0uVpiY7DN3O089 sports Brewers Coverage sports 05-26-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Take The Series After Abner Uribe's Antics Spark Controversy Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Spo

05-27-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Sweep Cardinals And Avoid Being No-Hit full 4537 Wed, 27 May 2026 22:11:02 +0000 rsTYXmhH317N1I9JVEPwl71JBgoZieXJ sports Brewers Coverage sports 05-27-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewers Sweep Cardinals And Avoid Being No-Hit Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports

05-25-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: The Miz Reaches 100Ks, Brewers Top STL 5-1 full 5852 Mon, 25 May 2026 22:55:31 +0000 OI6wguqxobVfzbHnFyt8yYQS02DUCJHV sports Brewers Coverage sports 05-25-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: The Miz Reaches 100Ks, Brewers Top STL 5-1 Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports h

05-24-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewer Drop Game 3 and The Series to LA full 5055 Sun, 24 May 2026 23:08:53 +0000 otbfMyRl7ByrfjPj19VbL7KN5SnH4ocj sports Brewers Coverage sports 05-24-26 The Potawatomi Sportsbook Post Game Show: Brewer Drop Game 3 and The Series to LA Best. Brewers. Coverage.Listen to the FAN On Deck Show before every game and then, after the last pitch make the switch - to The FAN Milwaukee Baseball Post Game Show, hosted by Tim Allen! Hear the latest from our baseball insiders and players here, too! 2024 © 2021 Audacy, Inc. Sports http