Podcast appearances and mentions of raman spectroscopy

Co-hosts Ryan Piansky, a graduate student and patient advocate living with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and eosinophilic asthma, and Mary Jo Strobel, APFED's Executive Director, interview Kate Goncalves about her diagnosis and treatment journey with EoE.   In this episode, Ryan and Mary Jo discuss with Kate Goncalves how she lived with her symptoms for years before finally bringing them to the attention of her primary care physician at age 16, and how she was connected with a gastroenterologist and diagnosed with EoE. Kate discusses her transition from pediatric to adult care, and how she and her care team prepared for her to travel to go to college. They talk about her treatment plan of eliminating milk and using medications, and how it is a challenge to navigate EoE during the long days on her college campus. Kate also talks about the EoE research project she is working on as part of her pre-med studies, and shares advice for people living with EoE and going away to college. Disclaimer: The information provided in this podcast is designed to support, not replace the relationship that exists between listeners and their healthcare providers. Opinions, information, and recommendations shared in this podcast are not a substitute for medical advice. Decisions related to medical care should be made with your healthcare provider. Opinions and views of guests and co-hosts are their own.   Key Takeaways: [:49] Ryan Piansky introduces the episode, brought to you thanks to the support of education partners Bristol Myers Squibb, GSK, Sanofi, and Regeneron, and co-host, Mary Jo Strobel.   [1:31] Mary Jo introduces Kate Goncalves, a 20-year-old living with EoE. Kate is the 2024 recipient of The APFED Abbott College Scholarship, thanks to a grant from Abbott, the makers of the EleCare®  brand elemental formula.   [2:05] Kate is from a small town in Connecticut. She is a junior at Vanderbilt University, studying biology and anthropology. She grew up with day-to-day symptoms of EoE but only expressed the symptoms to her doctor when she was 16 years old.   [2:23] At that point, she underwent testing and was diagnosed. Since then she has been trying to find a treatment plan that works for her. She has navigated changes in her treatment plan while going away to college. She comments that, in college, you don't always have control over the food you eat.   [2:42] It has been a challenge but she has a great support system and care team.   [3:15] In middle and high school, Kate got a food impaction nearly every day at lunch. She thought it was normal. When she finally brought it up to her primary care physician, the doctor suspected EoE. She also had the symptoms of heartburn or acid reflux.   [4:15] Kate immediately had an endoscopy scheduled and was then diagnosed with EoE.   [4:22] Prior to a diagnosis, Kate coped with symptoms by  drinking “a ton” of water with foods to help them go down her esophagus, which was narrowed from scarring. She also avoided bread and meats. She only recognized these as adaptive behaviors after she was diagnosed.   [5:32] Kate was referred to a gastroenterologist. That doctor is still part of Kate's care team. She also saw a nutritionist when looking for a treatment plan that worked for her.   [6:02] Kate avoids anything with dairy in it. Her elimination diet removed anything made with butter, milk, yogurt, and more. At her follow-up endoscopy, her eosinophils were way down so she didn't have to go through the six-food elimination diet. She was very grateful.   [6:43] Mary Jo clarifies for listeners who may not be familiar with the six-food elimination diet, that the foods removed from the diet are typically  milk, egg, wheat, soy, peanut/tree nut, and fish/shellfish.   [7:05/] Kate says it was a tough transition because more foods than you might expect have milk in them. She is grateful she didn't have to cut out gluten or nuts.   [7:32] Kate admits that sometimes she knows there is dairy in the food and eats it anyway. Then the symptoms are most often severe acid reflux and heartburn. She'll get a food impaction if she's been eating dairy for days or a lot of it at once.   [8:35] At school, sometimes the dining hall workers aren't aware if a food has dairy in it.  Some foods are mislabeled as vegan. So Kate often has dairy without knowing it until symptoms appear later.    [9:12] Kate is on a proton pump inhibitor twice a day and a steroid medication. Her first treatment was the elimination of dairy. The summer before going to college, she was also put on these two medications, in case she was exposed to dairy.   [10:50] Kate had to switch from one steroid medication to another because the first one wasn't working for her varying schedule. She asked her doctor for another medication that fit her schedule better.   [11:31] Kate is very grateful to feel autonomy over her treatment plan. She feels her gastroenterologist is amazing. Kate is always free to give feedback about how she is feeling.   [11:46] Kate feels a more present role in her medical appointments now, versus before she was diagnosed. Both with her gastroenterologist and her primary care physician, she has learned to be comfortable being forward and truthful with her doctors.   [13:16] For patients who have not learned to speak up to their care team, Kate suggests being patient. It takes time to get used to the structure of appointments, follow-up appointments, and appointments with a new doctor.   [13:25] When Kate transitioned from her pediatrician to her adult doctors it took her a while to become comfortable with her gastroenterologist and her primary care physician. Don't be afraid to pose questions and concerns, even questions about other treatment plans.   [13:56] Your doctors are there to listen to you and to help you, and you can only gain from bringing something up to your doctor that you are afraid to bring up or that you aren't sure how the conversation is going to go.   [14:47] Kate explains how she tells her friends about her EoE triggers and symptoms and what eosinophils do to her esophagus. Most of her friends study biology and the immune system, so they can understand her condition and needs.   [16:12] EoE impacts Kate's social life. Kate sometimes sits out of activities involving dinners or events with food present. She doesn't want to be exposed to a trigger food. She has also missed events and activities due to hospital visits and appointments.   [16:37] If Kate is having a flare-up of her symptoms, she will also miss activities. All these things lead to feelings of exclusion. No one she knows has EoE. [16:55] Because of her treatment plan and her medications, Kate's symptoms are somewhat limited so she can participate in activities as she chooses.   [17:14] Kate's advice for people who know someone with EoE is to be open-minded. EoE is kind of an invisible disorder. People often think that being allergic to dairy is lactose intolerance, which it is not. Do some research about EoE and its effects. Offer support. [17:42] A patient has a care team whose job is to care for them. When family and friends include you and care for you, it's a very different feeling. As a friend, be patient and offer any support you can. [18:34] When Kate travels, her best tool is communication. Informing food service staff about your allergy is the easiest way to ensure that the food you eat is safe. Kate does lots of research when she travels. This includes looking on restaurants' websites for dietary restrictions.   [20:43] Kate prepared for college by making sure she had a full semester supply of medications and ensuring that she was in close contact with her medical care team over the phone and through MyChart.   [21:19] She made plans with her gastroenterologist to make sure that if anything did come up or if the treatment plan wasn't working in the college setting, they would talk it through when it was needed and not wait until she was home for Thanksgiving.   [21:54] Kate is thankful she chose a school that was connected to a hospital. She feels more safe and prepared for a bad food impaction. She knows she can seek medical attention and have a team on-site very soon.   [22:43] The quality of the dining at the college was a factor in Kate's choice of schools. Vanderbilt has a dining hall completely free of the eight main allergens. When she eats there, she knows that the food she is eating will be safe, without having to ask.   [23:34] For people living with an eosinophilic disorder like EoE, Kate has two tips about preparing to go away to college. First, don't feel limited by your disorder. At first, Kate was afraid of being far away from her care team, but she couldn't be happier now.   [23:56] At college, there are resources and counseling to help you. Being away from home has taught Kate to be responsible as an adult for the treatment of her disorder. So, second, use college as an opportunity to gain responsibility in treating your disorder.   [25:11] Kate is working in a biomedical engineering lab at Vanderbilt University that is researching a way to diagnose and monitor EoE using saliva. They use Raman Spectroscopy to look for biomarkers in saliva from people with EoE, not found in the saliva of healthy people.   [25:51] A successful test would be less costly and quicker than an endoscopy with anesthesia. It would provide a point-of-care diagnostic that would lower the cost and increase the efficiency for patients.   [28:09] Raman Spectroscopy is a form of spectroscopy that measures the vibrational frequencies between chemical bonds. It reads the composition of biological samples. It can tell the amounts of lipids, proteins, or amino acids.   [26:37] The lab is researching the differences in the saliva of people with EoE from the saliva of healthy people. If they can find a difference, and if that difference is universal, we might be able to diagnose EoE using Raman Spectroscopy.   [26:55] Kate says that would be awesome because the anesthesia of endoscopy is “a lot”, every time.   [27:09] Kate is on the pre-med track, which includes doing research. She wanted her research to be on something that she cared about. She is happy to be at a school that is a top research institution.   [27:48] When she learned of this biomedical engineering lab researching ways to diagnose EoE, she immediately reached out to the Principal Investigator and was invited to join. She has been a part of the lab for over a year and it's been an amazing experience!   [28:15] Before going to medical school, Kate plans to take one or two gap years after she graduates so she can further her research with EoE or with other eosinophilic disorders. She would love to see advancements in the field.   [29:16] Kate finds that the most challenging part of living with EoE is feeling lonely, She has never met anyone else with EoE. No one knows what it is when she first explains it to them. It's not a super common disorder.   [29:35] Because EoE is a rare condition, Kate doesn't have much of a community around it in her life. She was excited to learn about and connect with APFED through social media. Even so, it is easy to feel alone in her personal life.   [29:54] Kate doesn't want to have to worry constantly about her food or when to take her medications. She wants to live like a normal, healthy college student, but she can't. Sometimes she doesn't take her disorder as seriously as she should.   [30:25] Sometimes Kate will have that ice cream because everyone else is having it. She wants to live as though she doesn't have EoE. Navigating that without a community that relates to her struggle has been a challenge.   [30:51] Kate's parents, siblings, and friends support her, but it's not the same as having someone who completely understands and is going through it. She feels lonely.   [32:24] Kate says that awareness is super powerful. She went 16 years without knowing she had EoE. She wasn't educated on it. She is sure there are many living with untreated EoE just as she was.   [32:42] Kate encourages anyone listening to spread awareness for eosinophilic research. People are struggling with it. Kate was super excited to come on the podcast today to share her story with anyone in college who might be struggling with EoE.   [33:05] Kate says, if you're struggling with eosinophilic disorders, you're not alone. I'm there, too! She encourages listeners to continue to spread awareness and advocate for eosinophilic disorders.   [33:13] Ryan and Mary Jo thank Kate Goncalves for joining the podcast episode to share her story and help spread awareness.   [33:19] For our listeners who would like to learn more about EoE, please visit APFED.org/EOE. If you're looking to find a specialist who treats EoE, you can use APFED's Specialist Finder at APFED.org/specialist.   [33:40] Kate thanks Ryan and Mary Jo for this opportunity.   [33:43] Mary Jo also thanks Bristol Myers Squibb, GSK, Sanofi, and Regeneron, APFED's Education Partners who supported this episode.   Mentioned in This Episode: APFED College Scholarship Abbott EleCare Elemental Formula MyChart   APFED on YouTube, Twitter, Facebook, Pinterest, Instagram Real Talk: Eosinophilic Diseases Podcast apfed.org/specialist apfed.org/connections   Education Partners: This episode of APFED's podcast is brought to you thanks to the support of Bristol Myers Squibb, GSK, Sanofi, and Regeneron.   Tweetables:   “I go to school halfway across the country so I don't have close access to my care team and support. … Knowing I was going to be exposed to some dairy, my GI doctor thought it was best to put me on the steroid medication.” — Kate Goncalves   “Your doctors are there for you. They're there to listen to you and to help you and you can only gain from bringing something up to your doctor.” — Kate Goncalves   “Feeling support from family and friends… you feel so included and cared for. Feeling that from friends versus feeling that from your care team… they're very different. Your care team cares about you but that's their job.” — Kate Goncalves   “I think anyone with a chronic illness would relate to this. I just turned 20 and I'm in college. I don't want to constantly worry about the food I'm eating and when to take my medications. I want to live like my friends.” — Kate Goncalves

Join us on February 1, 2024, at 2 PM Eastern for an intriguing Forensics Talks episode, EP 96, with Sarah Williams, Associate Professor at Virginia Commonwealth University. Williams, a leading figure in forensic biology, has pioneered advancements in body fluid identification and DNA analysis. This episode will delve into her groundbreaking research on Raman Spectroscopy and microRNA, her experience as a forensic scientist, and her role in educating the next generation of forensic experts. Don't miss this deep dive into the science of bodily fluids with Sarah Williams!Originally aired on:  Feb 1, 2024

The Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. has a fake crystal skull. And so does the British Museum in London, as does Paris's Quai Branly Museum. As of 2019, it was estimated there are more than a dozen crystal skulls known to exist. Long considered pre-Columbian relics, they've also inspired theories about the occult, aliens, and psychic abilities. But the reality is, none of it's true. Meet Eugène Boban, the real provenance of crystal skulls.  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In this podcast episode, MRS Bulletin's Laura Leay interviews Stanford University's Jennifer Dionne and her PhD student Fareeha Safir and their colleague Amr. Saleh from Cairo University about their work on identifying bacteria in complex samples. Instead of culturing bacteria then identifying them using specific methods such as a polymerase chain reaction test, which takes hours, Dionne's research group uses Raman spectroscopy combined with machine learning to detect the presence of two specific bacteria in samples that contained red blood cells. The addition of gold nanorods to the samples further enhanced the signal from the bacteria. Another way the research team accelerated the detection of bacteria signal was by building an acoustic bioprinter for the liquid samples: the specialist printer uses focused soundwaves to break the surface tension of a larger droplet, maintaining cell viability. This work was published in a recent issue of Nano Letters.

For a patient with sepsis (an infection in the blood), the chance of survival decreases by 7-10% every hour. It's important to quickly identify what bacteria are present and which antibiotics might be effective.Typically, there are very few bacteria in the blood. Culturing bacteria from a sample can take 12-24 hours and then one needs to test for drug susceptibility. Speeding up this process would save a lot of lives.Jen Dionne and her collaborators at Stanford are working on this problem using Raman spectroscopy. Through a combination of nanophotonics, acoustic bioprinting, and machine learning, they are developing methods to quickly and sensitively identify bacteria and screen for antibiotic susceptibility.What is Raman Spectroscopy?Raman spectroscopy is basically inelastic photon scattering. So if you think about having a laser or some other monochromatic light source, you shine that onto your sample, say onto a cell, like a bacterial cell. And the molecular vibrations in that sample basically add to or subtract from the energy of the laser source.You wind up with a fingerprint or a series of scattered wavelengths that are different from your incident wavelength. And you can use that spectrum to identify the constituents of what's in your sample.Raman spectra of complex mixtures appear as a wavy line, more like a snapshot of an oscillating jump rope than a series of distinct peaks that you would get from a pure sample of a small molecule.Here is what you need to know:* It's possible to do Raman spectroscopy on whole cells. By training machine learning models on thousands of bacterial samples, Raman can identify different bacterial species and determine which ones are resistant to specific antibiotics.* Raman is typically not very sensitive but the efficiency goes up by the 4th power of the electric field strength. Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) using nanoparticles made of superconducting materials can focus light energy to a very small region without heating and destroying the sample, boosting the sensitivity. The added sensitivity allows the collection of more data (better resolution, more specificity). * Spectra can be collected in flight as droplets (of blood for example) are acoustically ejected at kilohertz frequencies and printed on a substrate. The identification of bacteria by the spectra can be confirmed by electron microscopy of printed drops on the substrate. Rapid diagnosis of sepsis is just one possible application. Analysis of environmental samples and wastewater epidemiology are also possible with this method.The takeaway for me is that with a large enough data set of samples, machine learning algorithms can identify subtle features that would never be possible for a human being. Adding more data through nanophotonics opens up even more possibilities to tackle bigger problems.More about SERSYour deepest insights are your best branding. I'd love to help you share them. Chat with me about custom content for your life science brand.Cover Image Credit (energy states): Moxfyre, based on work of User:Pavlina2.0, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit cclifescience.substack.com

IN THE NEWS American Legion lines out priorities for the 118th Congress. THIS WEEK'S GUEST Former U.S. Army Ranger Jeffrey Brodeur has experience developing Chemical-Biological-Radiological-Nuclear (CBRN) strategy, plans, and training programs. He is an internationally recognized CBRN expert who has lead survey teams in combat zones to support Department of State programs, and he talks about the technology being used for presumptive identification of potential toxins in combat zones. RAPID FIRE Be The One takes center stage at California American Legion Revitalization event. Military Police commander at Fort Hood suspended amid ongoing investigations American Legion post in South Korea honors Four Chaplain Special Guest: Jeffrey Brodeur.

Shannon went to a workshop on determining the provenance of sediments using heavy elements, optical microscopes, and Raman spectra! Raman Spectroscopy (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raman_spectroscopy) Fun Paper Friday Do dogs lie when they mark? McGuire, B., et al. "Urine marking in male domestic dogs: honest or dishonest?." Journal of Zoology 306.3 (2018): 163-170. (https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jzo.12603) Contact us: Show Support us on Patreon! (https://www.patreon.com/dontpanicgeo) www.dontpanicgeocast.com (http://www.dontpanicgeocast.com) SWUNG Slack (https://softwareunderground.org) @dontpanicgeo (https://twitter.com/dontpanicgeo) show@dontpanicgeocast.com John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com (http://www.johnrleeman.com) - @geo_leeman (https://twitter.com/geo_leeman) Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin (https://twitter.com/ShannonDulin)

Dr. V. Ramanathan is Assistant Professor in the Department of Chemistry at IIT-BHU. His areas of interest are Laser Spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy and Imaging and Computational chemistry. He holds a PhD in Chemistry from IIT Kanpur and two postdoctoral fellowships from the University of Basel, Switzerland and Seoul National University, South Korea.

Ramen? Raman! We all love Ramen noodles, but this week is about Raman spectroscopy with PhD student Heather McEwan. It's time to explore the ups and downs of starting a PhD and how to move from Physics to Chemistry. Heather has used her Physics background to move into an exciting multidisciplinary project which uses the light scattering technique Raman spectroscopy on human tissues and has fantastic applications in the field of healthcare. You can find Heather on her LinkedIn at https://www.linkedin.com/in/heather-mcewan-74645b20a/ Find out more about the detector Heather is working with: https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2508459 Not Another Science Podcast is co-created by Helena Cornu (@helenacornu) and Tom Edwick (@edwicktom), brought to you by Edinburgh University Science Magazine (EUSci). Our podcast manager is Alix Bailie (@alixbailie). The logo was designed by Apple Chew (@_applechew), and the cover art was designed by Heather Jones (@heatherfrancs). You can visit our website at www.eusci.org.uk to check out the latest issue of the magazine, a ton of other cool science content by our student journalists, and to see how to get involved. You can also follow EUSci on Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, and Twitter. All podcast episodes and transcripts can be found at www.eusci.org.uk/podcasts/. Music by Kevin Macleod: https://incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/3788-funkorama; https://incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/3787-funk-game-loop; through a creative commons license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

This episode is also available as a blog post: http://biopatrika.com/2021/04/09/raman-spectroscopy-an-emerging-analytical-technique-in-biopharmaceuticals/

On August 20, 2020, we spoke to an interdisciplinary team of scientists collaborating at the intersection of physics, engineering, materials science, epidemiology, and information technology. Their work holds the promise of new rapid identification diagnostics for SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses through enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Relevant Links: Understanding Virus Evolution Through Deep Raman SpectroscopyNSF Convergence Grant to Study Virus EvolutionLasers Could Speed Up Coronavirus DiagnosticsSeed-Funded Coronavirus Research at Penn StateGuests:Maricio Terrones - Verne M. Willaman Professor of Physics and Professor of Chemistry and Materials Science and Engineering at Penn StateElodie Ghedin - Professor of Epidemiology at NYU's School of Global Public HealthTim Yeh - Assistant research professor of Physics at Penn StateShengxi Huang - Assistant professor of electrical engineering and biomedical engineering at Penn StateSharon Huang - Associate Professor of Information Sciences and Technology at Penn State

Versatility is key in many aspects of life and Raman spectroscopy is no exception. From medicine, to art, to energy, to conservation and sustainability, Raman contributes in all these areas and many more. Let's talk about how. Including the really interesting development of solar self charging zinc ion batteries that has the potential to help bring electricity to the most rural areas cheaply and responsibly. Image from Horiba. Links to all of the research discussed in the episode: Solar self recharging zinc ion batteries- Boruah, Buddha Deka, et al. “Photo-Rechargeable Zinc-Ion Batteries.” Energy & Environmental Science, 19 June 2020, doi:10.1039/d0ee01392g. SERS immunoassays- Kunushpayeva, Zhanar, et al. “Sandwich SERS Immunoassay of Human Immunoglobulin on Silicon Wafer Compared to Traditional SERS Substrate, Gold Film.” Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research, vol. 29, 26 May 2020, p. 100355., doi:10.1016/j.sbsr.2020.100355. Analysis of Picasso pigments- Oakley, Lindsay, et al. “Improved Spectral Imaging Microscopy for Cultural Heritage through Oblique Illumination.” Heritage Science, vol. 8, no. 1, 16 Mar. 2020, doi:10.1186/s40494-020-00369-0. Follow the show on social media: Facebook or Instagram Want to get in touch with the show? Please email spacesportsspectroscopy@gmail.com for any questions, episode ideas, or suggestions! Please consider becoming a patron of the show by signing up on Patreon! It helps the show create new and interesting episodes and you might even have the chance to be on a future episode! --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/sp3-space-sports-spectro/support

Jürgen Popp discusses his research into Raman spectroscopy and early disease detection. Dr. Popp is the Scientific Director of the Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology in Germany. His research focuses on the development and application of innovative linear and nonlinear Raman technologies for biomedical diagnosis.Sponsored by:COMSOL - www.comsol.comMKS Instruments and their Newport brand - www.newport.comAll Things Photonics is produced by Photonics Media and airs every other Tuesday. You can find links to the stories mentioned in the episode on our website, www.photonics.com/podcast. 

In episode eight of the 2019 R&D season, Just Science interviews Dr. Igor Lednev, professor of Chemistry at the University of Albany, about using Raman Microspectroscopy and advanced statistics for detecting and characterizing gunshot residue. Raman Spectroscopy is known as one of the most selective spectroscopic techniques because of the unique structural fingerprint that it produces from a sample material. Dr. Igor Lednev and his team at the University of Albany are now using Raman Microspectroscopy to detect and characterize gunshot residue. Listen in as he explains how Raman Spectroscopy works and the impact it will have on gunshot residue analysis. If you are interested in emerging drug topics, please visit forensicCOE.org to learn more about the upcoming NIJ Policy and Practice Forum on July 18th and 19th. This forum will build off the momentum of the widespread stakeholder meetings convened to discuss the consequences of this national epidemic, including the impact it has had on public safety, public health, and the criminal justice response. You can attend in person or online. This season is funded by the National Institute of Justice’s Forensic Technology Center of Excellence.

Ewelina Mistek is a forensic scientist and PhD student in the University at Albany's Department of Chemistry. She is researching a radiation detection technique known as Raman Spectroscopy that could help crime scene investigators collect and preserve trace evidence. Mistek's mentor is Igor Lednev, a chemistry professor. The UAlbany News Podcast is hosted and produced by Sarah O'Carroll, a Communications Specialist at the University at Albany, State University of New York, with production assistance by Patrick Dodson and Scott Freedman. Have a comment or question about one of our episodes? You can email us at mediarelations@albany.edu, and you can find us on Twitter @UAlbanyNews.

In this bonus episode, we chat with Dr. Eric Roy from Cobalt Light Systems and he explains the technology behind offset Raman Spectroscopy and many other things that are not fully understood. Thanks for listening and watching!

A panel discussion on the advances in Raman Spectroscopy for analysis of cultural heritage materials. Speakers included Lynn Brostoff, Richard Bormett, Silvia Centeno and Marco Leona. For captions, transcript, and more information visit http://www.loc.gov/today/cyberlc/feature_wdesc.php?rec=5949

Dartmouth's Jones Seminar on Science, Technology, and Society "Raman Spectroscopy of Bone and Cartilage: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Understanding Development, Function, and Disease." Presented by Michael Morris, University of Michigan. November 21, 2008. http://phobos.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?id=266848873

It's a bumper crop of "firsts" in this NewsFlash, as we discover the first habitable exoplanet and the first flapless aeroplane! We'll also find out how mental competition helps to chose which hand to use, and how Raman spectroscopy can help to identify smuggled cocaine...

Die konfokale Raman-Spektroskopie ist eine leistungsfähige Methode zur Charakterisierung von Materialeigenschaften. Damit lassen sich mechanische Spannungen in homogenen Proben sowie die Verteilung von Probenbestandteilen optisch bestimmen. Zudem ist es mit der konfokalen Raman-Mikroskopie möglich Spannungsfelder in Silizium und Siliziumkarbid darzustellen, welche z.B. während mechanischer Belastung oder beim Herstellungsprozess entstehen. Diese Informationen sind für die Optimierung von Fertigungsprozessen und eine verbesserte Ausfallsicherheit von Mikrosystemen von Bedeutung. Für eine präzise Bestimmung von Spannungsfeldern ist eine genaue Untersuchung von thermischen Verschiebungen der Ramanlinien wichtig. Um die Auswirkung auf die Ramanspektren (thermische Linienverschiebung und -verbreiterung) zu ermitteln, wurden Silizium und unterschiedliche Siliziumkarbid Kristallmodifikationen kontrollierten Heizexperimenten unterzogen. Diese Kalibrierungen wurden benötigt, um thermische von mechanischen Effekten unterscheiden zu können, was an einem ausgelenkten Silizium-Cantilever gezeigt wurde. Zusätzlich zum äußeren Erwärmen kann es während der Messung zu einer lokalen Erhitzung der Proben durch den stark fokussierten Laserstrahl kommen. Für verlässliche Spannungsmessungen in mikrostrukturierten Silizium muss eine solche lokale Erwärmung berücksichtigt werden. Das Abbilden mittels Raman bietet hier die Möglichkeit Restspannungen sichtbar zu machen, die durch Eindrücke in die Oberfläche entstanden sind. Ein Vergleich zwischen Abbildungen eines Oberflächeneindruckes, welche mit einem Raman und einem optischen Streulicht-Nahfeldmikroskop (s-SNOM) aufgenommen wurden, deckte unterschiedliche Mechanismen bei der Bildentstehung auf. Während die Ramanstreuung Änderungen unterhalb der Oberfläche darstellen kann, ist die optische Nahfeldmikroskopie für oberflächennahe Verspannungen empfindlich. Die Raman-Spektroskopie kann ebenfalls für die Bestimmung von Inhaltsstoffen in heterogenen Proben und die Charakterisierung von Materialveränderungen verwendet werden. Ein intensiver UV-Laser kann zum Beispiel eine Umwandlung von Kalziumfluorid eines Auskoppelspiegels zu Kalziumkarbonat (Kalzit) verursachen, was sich mit der konfokalen Raman Spektoskopie veranschaulichen ließ. Eine Veränderung des Probenmaterials kann aber auch durch den Anregungslaser selbst erfolgen. So traten oxidative Prozesse an Titanomagnetiten, eingelagert in geologische Proben auf, die durch den fokussierten Laser bedingte lokale Aufheizung hervorgerufen wurden. Diese laserinduzierte Veränderung wurde genauer an geologischen und synthetischen Titanomagnetiten untersucht.

Podcsat from 2008 of lecture on stimulated Raman scattering. This content was not covered in class this semester. This is for your interest only and will not be covered on exams.

15N-substituted bacteriochlorophyll a (BChl a) was extracted from the cells of Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1 grown in a medium containing 15N-ammonium sulfate and yeast concentrate. The T1 Raman spectra of 14N-and 15N-BChl a were obtained as the difference spectra of high-power minus low-power of one-color, pump-and-probe measurements using 420 nm, 5 ns pulses. A set of empirical assignments of the T1 Raman lines was made, based on shifts upon 14N→15N substitution. The S0 Raman spectra of the two BChls were also obtained by using the 457.9 nm cw beam, and a set of assignments of the S0 Raman lines was given for comparison.

Resonance-enhanced coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectra are recorded for monomers and trimers of phycocyanin from three different cyanobacteria: Westiellopsis prolifica, Mastigocladus laminosus and Spirulina platensis. It is shown that upon aggregation from monomer to trimer the electronic structures of both the α84 and β84 chromophores are changed. The spectra of the trimers originating from S. platensis and M. laminosus are very similar to each other, but distinctly different from the spectrum of W. prolifica.

Wed, 1 Jan 1992 12:00:00 +0100 http://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2416/ http://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2416/1/2416.pdf Prenzel, C. J.; Brehm, G.; Gedeck, P.; Schneider, Siegfried; Scheer, Hugo Kiefer, W. H.; Cardona, M.; Schaack, G.; Schneider, F. W. und Schrötter, H. W. (Hrsg.) (1992): Effect of aggregation on chromophore structure in allophycocyanin studied by resonance CARS-spectroscopy. Thirteenth International Conference on Raman Spectroscopy, 31. August - 4. September 1992, Würzburg, Deutschland.

Fluorescence and initiation of photoreactions are problems frequently encountered with resonance Raman spectroscopy of photobiological systems. These problems can be circumvented with Fourier-transform Raman spectroscopy by using the 1064-nm wavelength of a continuous wave neodymium-yttrium/aluminum-garnet laser as the probing beam. This wavelength is far from the absorption band of most pigments. Yet, the spectra of the investigated systems--bacteriorhodopsin, rhodopsin, and phycocyanin--show that these systems are still dominated by the chromophore, or that preresonant Raman scattering is still prevalent. Only for rhodopsin were contributions of the protein and the membrane discernible. The spectra of phycocyanin differ considerably from those obtained by excitation into the UV-absorption band. The results show the usefulness of this method and its wide applicability. In addition, analysis of the relative preresonant scattering cross sections may provide a detailed insight into the scattering mechanism.

The influence of phase-modulation on femtosecond time-resolved coherent Raman scattering is investigated theoretically and experimentally. The coherent Raman signal taken as a function of the spectral position shows unexpected temporal oscillations close to time zero. A theoretical analysis of the coherent Raman scattering process indicates that the femtosecond light pulses are amplitude and phase modulated. The pulses are asymmetric in time with more slowly decaying trailing wings. The phase of the pulse amplitude contains quadratic and higher-order contributions.

The fluorescence decay time of the biliverdin IX7 chromophore present in biliproteins isolated from Pieris brassicae is determined to be 44 ± 3 ps. This value suggests a cyclic helical chromophore structure. The vibrational frequencies determined by CARS-spectroscopy are compared with those of model compounds. The data confirm that the chromophore in the protein-bound state adopts a cyclic-helical, flexible conformation.

Thu, 1 Jan 1987 12:00:00 +0100 https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3549/1/3549.pdf Kaiser, Wolfgang; Zinth, Wolfgang; Holzapfel, Wolfgang; Leonhardt, R.

Thu, 1 Jan 1987 12:00:00 +0100 https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3546/1/3546.pdf Kaiser, Wolfgang; Zinth, Wolfgang ddc:530, Physik

Fri, 1 Feb 1985 12:00:00 +0100 http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=josab-2-2-322 https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3244/1/28.pdf Kaiser, Wolfgang; Zinth, Wolfgang; Nuss, M. C.

Fri, 1 Jun 1984 12:00:00 +0100 https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/3241/1/3241.pdf Kaiser, Wolfgang; Nuss, M. C.; Zinth, Wolfgang

Spectroscopists are constantly faced with the task of improved spectral resolution. Two points are of major interest: (i) The precise frequency of the quantized transition and (ii) the detection of new neighboring transitions. Besides experimental factors the ultimate spectral resolution is determined by the inherent linewidth of the transition. Optical spectroscopists have to deal with different line-broadening processes; for instance with the Doppler effect or with collision broadening in gases, with dephasing processes in condensed systems and with the population relaxation which results in the natural linewidth. In recent years, different novel techniques have been devised which provide spectral resolution beyond the transition linewidth. For instance, Doppler broadening can be eliminated by saturation spectroscopy or by two counter-propagating beams for two-photon transitions/I/. Even measurements beyond the natural linewidth have been performed taking biased signals from the fluorescent decay /2-5/. Techniques have been proposed where the difference between the decay rates of the two states rather than their sum determines the linewidth /6,7/, and narrowing of the natural linewidth by decaying-pulse excitation has been discussed /8/. Very recently, we have demonstrated substantial line narrowing of Raman type transitions in condensed phases /9-11/. The lines were broadened by vibrational dephasing. New information was obtained in congestedspectral regions.

Fri, 1 Jan 1982 12:00:00 +0100 https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2862/1/2862.pdf Kaiser, Wolfgang; Zinth, Wolfgang ddc:530, Physik

Fri, 1 Jan 1982 12:00:00 +0100 https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2866/1/2866.pdf Kaiser, Wolfgang; Nuss, M. C.; Zinth, Wolfgang