Get behind-the-scenes access to the minds shaping the world of Private Equity, hear captivating stories about transactions and investments, and learn about the innovative approaches leading investors, operators, advisors and bankers employ to drive sustainable growth and create enterprise value. https://www.howtosaas.com/pevaluecreation

Josh Christensen, Director at Mercato Partners, shares how minority growth investors can turn ecosystem-building into a true competitive advantage—without taking control or over-engineering outcomes. Drawing on his experience scaling Mercato's playbook across non-coastal markets, Josh breaks down what it takes to embed sales, marketing, and human capital excellence from first touch through IPO, and how to focus resources where they actually accelerate 100%+ growth.Learn why authentic relationship-building drives stronger deal flow and portfolio performance, how community initiatives can surface the best opportunities ahead of a fundraise, and what it takes to measure value creation beyond capital returns.

Riccardo Basile, Operating Partner, Head of Value Creation at Permira, shares how firms can turn value creation into a true competitive advantage—without overcomplicating the model. Drawing on his experience building and scaling Permira's 24-person value creation team, Riccardo breaks down what it takes to embed operating excellence from diligence through exit, and how to focus resources where they actually drive growth.Tune in to learn how to balance in-house and external expertise, measure impact credibly for LPs, and make emerging tools like GenAI deliver commercial results today. Whether you're refining your operating model or building one from scratch, Riccardo's perspective offers a playbook for making value creation more strategic, measurable and fund-defining.

On this episode Shiv interviews Rita Fiorentino, Co-Founder of Arc Capital Development, to unpack a battle-tested playbook for steering portfolio companies through economic downturns—especially when AI disruption, political volatility, and geopolitical shocks are compressing growth.Rita lays out a disciplined sequence that starts with risk assessment and financial hygiene, then moves to locking down customers, building an all-A-player team, and only then deploying AI for process efficiency and product innovation. She warns against the common trap of slapping “AI” on legacy products or slashing headcount too soon, and shares real-world examples of how companies that follow the right order emerge stronger.She also covers why this downturn is categorically different, how to educate boards and investors, and why skating to where the puck is going—not where it's been—is the ultimate survival edge.

On this episode Shiv interviews Jeremy Schein, Partner and Member of the Buyouts Investment Committee at Corsair Capital, to discuss how private equity firms can drive enterprise value in financial services through collaborative operating expertise.Jeremy shares Corsair's approach to partnering with management teams in fintech, payments, and adjacent sectors, emphasizing the importance of aligning on value creation strategies early. He explores how their operating partner model leverages technical expertise in human capital, product technology, and go-to-market strategies to transform portfolio companies.He also dives into navigating the complexities of AI integration, balancing short-term priorities with long-term investments like rebranding, and ensuring management teams are equipped to execute on ambitious growth plans.

On this episode Shiv Narayanan interviews Ed Byrne, co-founder of Scaleworks, a venture equity firm based in San Antonio. Ed shares his background as a software entrepreneur and the lessons learned from his experiences that led to founding Scaleworks ten years ago with partner Lou Moorman. The discussion explores the concept of "venture equity" as a hybrid model between traditional VC and private equity, emphasizing sustainable growth over high-risk VC funding. Key topics include the downsides of VC (such as portfolio theory encouraging all-or-nothing scaling), the benefits of bootstrapping or using debt for most software businesses, avoiding premature scaling, prioritizing customer-funded growth, and Scaleworks' approach to acquiring and accelerating 5-10M revenue SaaS companies by building go-to-market teams in-house, bringing in new CEOs, and focusing on levers like pricing, category specialization, and dispassionate product decisions. Ed also covers deal structures, value creation through centralization in San Antonio, resistance to playbooks, and aiming for acquisitions driven by inbound interest rather than fixed timelines.

On this episode Shiv interviews Lindsay Gray, Partner at Pacific Lake, to explore how the firm backs entrepreneurs through the Entrepreneurship Through Acquisition (ETA) or search fund model—an approach that turns traditional private equity on its head by starting with the entrepreneur before the company.Lindsay walks through Pacific Lake's industry thesis–driven search process, explaining how they identify and support first-time CEOs, often straight out of business school, to acquire and scale small to mid-sized businesses. She details what Pacific Lake looks for in potential searchers—from “followership” and “figure-it-out-ness” to true commitment to the ETA path—and how their team of experts guides these entrepreneurs through diligence, acquisition, and operational scaling.The conversation also covers how Pacific Lake structures incentives and equity for searchers, maintains a 70%+ acquisition rate, and leverages a dedicated value creation team to help new CEOs build leadership capacity, professionalize go-to-market and operations, and pursue add-on acquisitions. Lindsay also discusses their long-term hold strategy, designed to give successful CEOs liquidity while continuing to compound value in the firm's strongest companies.This episode offers a deep look at how Pacific Lake has helped shape the ETA ecosystem, supporting over 300 search funds and more than 150 acquisitions, and the lessons they've learned about people, prioritization, and partnership as the foundation of value creation.

On this episode, Shiv interviews Kelly Ford Buckley, General Partner at Edison Partners, a growth equity firm with over 39 years of experience investing in high-growth software companies in secondary markets. Kelly dives into Edison's hands-on approach to value creation, emphasizing their preference for taking on execution risk over product or market risk, and how they use maturity assessments across five centers of excellence—like go-to-market, product, and finance—to identify and prioritize opportunities for portfolio companies.She shares real-world examples of transforming pricing models, aligning sales and marketing for faster growth, and building operational muscle to scale without paralysis, while stressing the importance of capital efficiency in today's macro environment. Kelly also discusses the role of AI as an efficiency tool rather than a distraction, the advantages of focusing on secondary markets for more grounded founders, and how Edison's domain expertise in verticals like fintech and healthcare IT drives repeatable success. This episode offers actionable insights for investors and operators looking to maximize enterprise value through focused, low-risk execution.

In this solo episode of the Private Equity Value Creation Podcast, Shiv Narayanan breaks down the challenges facing portfolio companies in today's market—and shares a clear roadmap for investors, CEOs, and revenue leaders to drive growth.From slowing sales pipelines to rising competitive pressures and the impact of AI, many companies are underperforming compared to previous years. Shiv outlines actionable strategies to:Cut wasted marketing spend and improve efficiencyReignite stalled deals and boost close ratesMaximize existing customer value through upsells and account expansionLeverage intent data and contextual outreach for short-term winsBuild long-term enterprise value with authentic thought leadership

On this episode Shiv Narayanan interviews Craig Jones of TPE Boulder to discuss value creation in lower middle market private equity, focusing on smaller companies with $2-5 million in EBITDA.Craig shares TPE Boulder's approach to scaling businesses through organic growth, emphasizing diversification by location and provider, strengthening management teams, and addressing technology deficits. He explains how they align with founders on a 5-year growth plan, manage key risks like founder dependency, and prioritize initiatives to ensure scalability without overwhelming limited resources.Craig also highlights the importance of investing in high-growth healthcare markets, such as neuropathy treatment and interventional radiology, to drive enterprise value and attract larger PE buyers for higher EBITDA multiples at exit.The information contained in this podcast is not intended to constitute, and should not be construed as, investment advice.

On this episode Shiv interviews Gus Araya, Co-Founder and Co-Managing Partner of Cordillera Investment Partners, to discuss how PE firms can generate alpha by investing in alternative assets like marinas, music royalties, and spirits.Gus shares Cordillera's approach to targeting niche, less correlated markets, using a repeatable process to source, diligence, and professionalize non-traditional assets. He explains how their flexible toolkit and operator partnerships create enterprise value.He also covers how to convince LPs to back unconventional strategies and why avoiding crowded sectors unlocks unique opportunities in private equity.The information contained in this podcast is not intended to constitute, and should not be construed as, investment advice.

On this episode, Shiv Narayanan interviews Andy Lund, Managing Director and Global Co-Head of Primary Capital Advisory at Houlihan Lokey, to discuss strategies for private equity firms navigating today's challenging fundraising and liquidity environment.Andy shares insights on how GPs can differentiate themselves in a crowded market, leveraging tools like secondary transactions, continuation vehicles, and direct investments to address LP liquidity demands. He explores the impact of macroeconomic shifts, including geopolitical uncertainties and tariffs, on M&A and fundraising, and highlights the growing importance of operational value-add and AI integration to drive enterprise value.The conversation also covers the evolving dynamics of the private equity landscape, from the rise of next-gen firms to the challenges faced by mid-market players, offering practical advice for GPs aiming to thrive in a competitive market.The information contained in this podcast is not intended to constitute, and should not be construed as, investment advice.

On this episode Shiv interviews Eliot Kerlin, Co-Founder of Broadwing Capital, to explore how PE firms can create value in the lower middle market by combining a systematic playbook with deep operational resources.Eliot explains Broadwing's five-part framework—from fortifying the foundation and scaling for growth to talent development, stakeholder impact, and exit preparation—and how their ops team works side by side with management to implement change.He also shares how to prioritize initiatives when resources are limited, why investing in human capital is critical to execution, and how building long-term relationships creates lasting advantages in private equity.The information contained in this podcast is not intended to constitute, and should not be construed as, investment advice.

Shiv interviews Michael Wilkins, Partner at Shamrock Capital, to explore the opportunities PE firms can unlock through deep expertise in sectors including media, entertainment and sports.Michael explains how industry focus and long-term networks translate into proprietary deal flow, why value creation plans need to be tailored to each company rather than run from a single playbook, and how to balance partnership with hands-on support. He also shares how firms can approach AI in practical, incremental ways—turning it from a perceived threat into a tool for margin expansion and growth.

In this episode, Shiv Narayanan sits down with members of the How To SaaS client services team to talk about the most common marketing challenges inside PE-backed portfolio companies—and how to solve them. Chief Client Officer Farhad Chikhliwala, VP of Marketing Taylor Moore and Director of Marketing Tatiana Morand discuss why poor tracking and misaligned spend can drain ROI, how to prioritize the right order of operations for go-to-market, the role of the CMO as a “custodian of investment” and how to align team structure with the investment thesis. Tune in to hear about overlooked growth levers like upsell and cross-sell, how to find 20–40% efficiency in existing spend and how to balance AI adoption with the marketing fundamentals that still drive enterprise value.

Shiv interviews Brian Boorstein, Co-Founder and Partner at Granite Creek Capital Partners. On this episode, Brian shares how to leverage flexible investment structures to unlock growth in lower middle market companies. Learn about the importance of aligning capital, talent and opportunity, and hear about how rigid investment mandates can cause PE firms to miss out on high-potential businesses.

Shiv interviews Garrett Marsilio, Partner at Delta-v Capital. On this episode, Garrett dives deep into the evolving landscape of secondaries in private markets. Learn how secondary investments are creating new liquidity pathways for venture-backed companies and why this is becoming a preferred strategy. Hear about adding post-investment value through targeted operational support and Delta-v Capital's unique ‘flight plan' approach.

Shiv interviews Kade Thomas, Founder & CEO of Emory Oak Partners.On this episode, Kade explains how his firm grows service businesses. Learn about a proven approach to building companies from the ground up, integrating acquisitions, using centralized teams to handle shared services and using data to guide marketing and cross-selling strategies.

Shiv interviews Amanda Good, Partner and Head of Value Creation at Searchlight Capital Partners. In this episode, Amanda shares practical strategies to transform good companies into great ones through operational excellence, team enhancements, and a disciplined planning process. Learn how to balance quick-win initiatives with longer-term strategic plays, the importance of linking value creation plans directly to EBITDA impact, and how to overcome resource constraints through talent planning and external partnerships. Plus, find out why smaller, highly experienced value creation teams can often outperform larger ones by staying close to the investment thesis and company leadership.

Shiv interviews Andrew Weinberg, Founder, CEO & Co-Chair at Brightstar Capital Partners.On this episode, Andrew talks about transforming traditional private equity through an “invest and operate” or ”us and us” model. Learn how AI is becoming an integral value creation lever alongside traditional strategies and about practical examples of applying this technology to industries like auto auctions and roofing. Hear about the importance of preserving institutional memory, empowering teams, and balancing growth with operational discipline.

Shiv interviews Bradford Pilcher, Partner at Bonaccord Capital Partners. In this episode, Brad unpacks the GP stakes strategy – what it is, how it works, and why it's more than just a passive investment. Learn how mid-market private equity firms can grow through capital formation, thoughtful product diversification, and talent strategy. Learn what LPs should look for, why marketing and positioning matter, and what makes a PE firm truly stand out.

Shiv interviews Lloyd Metz, Managing Partner at ICV Partners. In this episode, Shiv and Lloyd discuss investing in legacy or family-owned businesses in sectors like consumer goods (CPG), food and beverage (F&B), and business services. Learn how to drive transformation in these companies by modernizing operations, embracing digital, and scaling go-to-market strategies. Hear about using EQ to drive leadership support and the importance of preserving founder legacies.

Shiv interviews Jon Nuger, Managing Director at Berkshire Partners.Shiv and Jon discuss the importance Berkshire Partners places on culture within the firm and the impact this has on the way they invest and create value. Learn how a focus on culture can be a differentiating strategy, how it shapes your relationships and conversations (particularly in difficult circumstances), and how to avoid the challenges of over-indexing on culture.

Shiv interviews Hilary Gosher, Managing Director at Insight Partners.In this episode, Shiv and Hilary discuss how Insight's 120-person Onsite team gives the firm a competitive edge across its portfolio. Learn how having an in-house operations team can be a force multiplier for portfolio companies by bringing deep functional expertise and strategic support at every stage from sourcing and due diligence to scaling and exits. Hear about how AI and operational innovation are reshaping PE as well as Hilary's approach to AI transformation and embedding AI workflows for portcos.

Shiv interviews Richard Erickson, Co-Founder and Managing Director, and Stan Bikulege, Principal, at Lightview Capital. In this episode, Richard and Stan discuss how they invest in and scale founder-led B2B services-based businesses. Learn about the benefits of recurring and reoccurring revenue, their value creation strategy, and how to align with founders through collaborative planning. Hear about the firm's operating advisor model and the areas where there is the most opportunity for growth.

Shiv interviews Raj Bakhru, CEO and Co-Founder at BlueFlame AI.In this episode, Shiv and Raj discuss how generative AI is transforming private equity operations. Learn how AI agents are already reshaping workflows across sourcing, diligence, and portfolio value creation. Hear how PE firms can leverage proprietary data and build internal AI committees to capture smarter, faster outcomes across the firm.

Shiv interviews John Stewart, Founder and Managing Partner at MiddleGround Capital.In this episode, John shares his expertise in investing in the industrial B2B manufacturing space — from his two decades at Toyota, to moving to the investment side of the equation. Learn about underwriting the value creation plan and creating enterprise value for industrial portcos, as well as investing in and optimizing manufacturing companies in the current landscape and how this can translate into quick returns for the fund and LPs.

Shiv interviews Alex Russ, Senior Managing Director & Head of North America at Evercore's Private Funds Group. In this episode, Alex shares his experience helping private equity GPs raise funds from LPs. Learn how to approach fundraising in the current market, the characteristics that successful fundraisers have in common, and the importance of a strong narrative, sector specialization, and/or operational expertise to make you stand out from other PE firms.

Shiv interviews Chris Sznewajs, Founder and Managing Partner at Pacific Avenue Capital.In this episode, Chris and Shiv discuss carve-outs, buyouts, and the non-traditional types of investment deals available for “unnatural” owners – founders and investors who are ready for a transition. Learn how to underwrite these types of deals, and what benchmarks Chris's team looks for in potential portcos. Hear about how Pacific Avenue Capital leverages their internal ops team during diligence and how they execute value creation plans post-close, as well as the balancing act of deploying more capital in order to generate higher returns from portcos.

On this episode of the Private Equity Value Creation podcast, Shiv speaks with Amanda Kim, Principal at Avante Capital Partners. As a majority women- and minority-owned private credit and structured equity fund, the team at Avante Capital Partners uses their unique insights and network to win deals, generate better returns and help women advance in the private equity world. Learn how focusing on a positive social mission can be a value-add rather than a cost, why it's vital to find a competitive edge in the current investment market, how to build a supportive and productive community, and the advantages of having a diverse investment team.

Shiv interviews Mason Myers, Founder and CEO at Greybull Stewardship. In this episode, Mason explains why Greybull Stewardship focuses on pre-middle-market companies and the steps they take to set these companies up to be true middle-market companies primed for PE backing. Learn how they take companies under $5M in EBITDA and grow them organically, first by building foundational work, like adding the right software and building the team, before they can begin to see the value creation payoff.

Shiv interviews Devon Kirk, General Partner, and Jonathan Metrick, Chief Growth Officer at Portage. Devon and Jonathan share their perspectives from different sides of the investment table – Devon is on the investing team while Jonathan is on the internal ops team. Learn about their experiences investing in global FinTech and financial services, when in the deal cycle to bring in the ops team, and how they interface with each other during diligence and beyond. Plus, hear about how specializing in one vertical impacts the investment approach.

Shiv interviews Joseph Hanna, Founding Partner at Pivoting Model Partners.In this episode, Joseph talks about differentiating between your product's feature set and the customer's perceived value in that feature set. Learn why companies should consider pivoting to AI to grow and sustain their business, and how companies can deploy and leverage AI agents to be more efficient, capture more customers, generate more leads, and improve their product overall.

Shiv interviews Jim Sharpe, Partner and Head of Propel at Unity Partners.In this episode, Jim talks about how to truly action a company's values and incorporate them into your growth plans while ensuring alignment with founders. Learn about building a culture of ownership, how to use employee equity as a growth strategy, and why clear and transparent communication makes a big impact.

Shiv Narayanan, Founder and CEO of How To SaaS, explains how AI can be leveraged by the private equity world. Learn about the differences between general and verticalized (or specialized) AI and how data is the product. Listen to how PE firms can use AI in the diligence phase, and the business strategy for companies to build their own vertical AI tool using proprietary data.

Shiv interviews Josh Schwartz, Operating Principal at Growth Factors. In this episode, Josh talks about the unique operating partner model between Growth Factors and Bregal Sagemount. Learn his approach to value creation from the GTM side, how to look for growth levers during diligence, and how to navigate the political dynamics between operating partners and a portco's leadership team.

Shiv interviews Todd Morrissey, Partner at Hidden River Strategic Capital. In this episode, Todd shares alternative avenues for founders and entrepreneurs other than a growth equity buyout and private credit deals. Learn how they help companies determine how much capital they need to scale, the opportunities for combining debt and equity as an investment avenue, and why some types of companies are best suited for this approach.

Shiv interviews Brad Armstrong, Partner at Lovell Minnick Partners (LMP). In this episode, Shiv and Brad talk about LMP's approach to supporting their portfolio companies with a robust operating partner bench, as well as how to prioritize where to allocate budget, resources, and advisors when making value creation plans. Learn about weaponizing the value creation team and other benefits outside of the initial capital investment, and how to get your advisors' support before the deal is done.The information contained in this podcast is not intended to constitute, and should not be construed as, investment advice.

Shiv interviews Stephen Marks, Managing Director, Emmersion Capital.In this episode, Shiv and Stephen discuss the benefits and challenges of nearshoring, including the economies of scaling your workforce in Latin America, onboarding and company culture, as well as macroeconomic risks and political challenges. Learn about labor arbitrage opportunities, the complexities of dealing with foreign taxes and legal systems, and more.

Shiv interviews Diamond Innabi, Principal at Software Equity Group. In this episode, Diamond shares how investment banks can help founders position their companies to increase the likelihood of transactions. Learn how successful founders think about the process of exiting, as well as how to maximize the valuation of a transaction and ensure the interests of founders and investment banks are aligned.

Shiv Narayanan, Founder and CEO at How To SaaS, shares his presentation from Silicon Y'All 2024. Learn about the nine critical marketing problems most companies face, from poor gross revenue and net retention problems to not generating enough traffic or leads. Shiv also shares the five most common value creation scenarios and the four major marketing mistakes companies make.

Shiv interviews John Bailey, Co-Founder at OneFund Investments. In this episode, John shares how he runs his fund of funds, how he vets the PE firms they invest in, and the pros and cons of how PE firms approach operating teams. Learn about key differences between the three models for operating teams within PE firms, how to build a lean (but impactful) ops team, as well as how an integrated ops team can drive an investment forward for everyone. The information contained in this podcast is not intended to constitute, and should not be construed as, investment advice.

This episode is sponsored by scaleMatters. In this episode, Shiv Narayanan interviews Scott Stouffer, CEO and Founder at scaleMatters, to talk all about data – data hygiene, data infrastructure, and the insights that come from data to make those important value creation decisions. Learn how scaleMatters – a firm that specializes in go-to-market analytics – reviews and audits client data, why it's important for companies and PE firms to take on this work, how to establish the metrics you need in your dashboards, and more. The information contained in this podcast is not intended to constitute, and should not be construed as, investment advice.

Shiv interviews Sean Cantwell, Managing Partner at Volition Capital. In this episode, Sean shares how Volition Capital's operations teams support their portcos with the resources, tools, and frameworks they need to grow. Learn about best practices including portfolio summits, internal resource portals, and training. Hear about when it makes sense to work with generalists vs specialists, how Volition Capital helps portcos build the right team of executives, and what entrepreneurs should focus on in the current period of market correction. The information contained in this podcast is not intended to constitute, and should not be construed as, investment advice.

Shiv interviews Jordon Kruse, Managing Director and Co-Portfolio Manager, and Matt Wilson, Managing Director and Co-Portfolio Manager, at Oaktree Capital. In this episode, Matt and Jordon explain their approach to special situations investing, including rescue financing transactions where they restructure the debt and balance sheet of companies. They share how they create the most value for their LPs, how they're protecting themselves from risk, and how a company's cash flow might be impacted by debt service in the current market. Learn about different financing options and the current realities of today's market for PE firms. The information contained in this podcast is not intended to constitute, and should not be construed as, investment advice.

Shiv interviews Krista Skalde, Chief Talent Officer Partner at Inovia Capital, Meryl Almeida, Director of Corporate Development at Inovia Capital, and Kory Jeffrey, Principal & VP, Technology at Inovia Capital. In this episode, Krista, Meryl, and Kory share how they evaluate acquisitions, how to create value from a corp dev perspective, and how to merge corporate cultures. Learn about how Inovia Capital decides if they should build, buy, or partner with companies and what data points they look for to inform their decisions. The panel discusses the analyses you can do to validate acquisitions, how to make capital allocation decisions, and what it takes to integrate companies once they've been acquired. The information contained in this podcast is not intended to constitute, and should not be construed as, investment advice.

Shiv interviews Aldy Keene, CEO at Loyalty Research Center. In this episode, Aldy shares how to evaluate the quality of relationships to understand how loyal a company's customer base really is, and how both founders and investors can use that data to create value. Learn why companies should spend more time analyzing their customer base, how to find which segments are truly their best-fit customers, and why expanding their market can stall company growth. The information contained in this podcast is not intended to constitute, and should not be construed as, investment advice.

Shiv interviews Randy Garg, Founder and Managing Partner at Vistara Growth. In this episode, Randy explains the situations in which debt is a viable avenue for funding companies, how growth debt differs from growth equity, and how to decide which is right for your company. Learn what the targeted returns are on these types of investments and the role of debt in the current market. The information contained in this podcast is not intended to constitute, and should not be construed as, investment advice.

Shiv interviews Tim Strickland, Advisory Partner at Summit Partners. In this episode, Tim draws on his experience as CRO of Zoom Info and in leadership roles at large martech companies to discuss what it takes to build and grow multi-hundred and billion-dollar go-to-market organizations. Learn what metrics are important to track to keep everyone aligned with the company's growth objectives and how a company culture built around data requires both accountability and transparency. Hear about Tim's approach to growing people internally and giving new hires time to prove themselves. The information contained in this podcast is not intended to constitute, and should not be construed as, investment advice.

Shiv interviews Brian Neider, Partner at Lead Edge Capital. In this episode, Shiv and Brian discuss best practices for building boards and what board members can do to add value to portfolio companies. Learn how to guide a business as a board member once you've invested in a company, what the changes to the financial markets mean for PE firms, and how they can source better deals. The information contained in this podcast is not intended to constitute, and should not be construed as, investment advice.

Shiv interviews Jeff Standridge, Managing Director at Innovation Junkie. In this episode, Jeff shares his framework for a strategic growth plan and how his firm conducts an introductory diagnostic based on seven domains. Jeff discusses some of the best practices within those domains and the questions you can use to determine how senior leadership views each area. Plus, learn how that process informs how a company can course-correct. If you find the podcast helpful, please leave a rating or review. The information contained in this podcast is not intended to constitute, and should not be construed as, investment advice.

Shiv interviews Paul Swaney, Managing Director of Swaney Group Capital. In this episode, Shiv and Paul discuss how to create value when investing in industrial and manufacturing industries, and how that differs from B2B tech and software investments. Learn how Paul and his team increase capacity by looking at production lines, the impact of workplace safety, and how to increase product demand. If you find the podcast helpful, please leave a rating or review. The information contained in this podcast is not intended to constitute, and should not be construed as, investment advice.