Podcasts about Lower

Listen and subscribe to Money Making Conversations on iHeartRadio, Apple Podcasts, Spotify, www.moneymakingconversations.com/subscribe/ or wherever you listen to podcasts. New Money Making Conversations episodes drop daily. I want to alert you, so you don’t miss out on expert analysis and insider perspectives from my guests who provide tips that can help you uplift the community, improve your financial planning, motivation, or advice on how to be a successful entrepreneur. Keep winning! Two-time Emmy and Three-time NAACP Image Award-winning, television Executive Producer Rushion McDonald interviewed Jasmine Hood Founder of Better Bodies Massage in Atlanta (originally from Greenville, South Carolina), joined Rushion McDonald on Money Making Conversations Masterclass to share her journey from CNA to licensed massage therapist, the realities of being a traveling service provider, and the wellness benefits of massage therapy. She discusses body alignment, stress, trauma release, the differences between massage modalities, alternative treatments like cupping, entrepreneurship during COVID‑19, safety considerations for mobile therapists, corporate/wellness partnerships, and her long‑term goal of building a scalable massage brand supported by contractors.

Listen and subscribe to Money Making Conversations on iHeartRadio, Apple Podcasts, Spotify, www.moneymakingconversations.com/subscribe/ or wherever you listen to podcasts. New Money Making Conversations episodes drop daily. I want to alert you, so you don’t miss out on expert analysis and insider perspectives from my guests who provide tips that can help you uplift the community, improve your financial planning, motivation, or advice on how to be a successful entrepreneur. Keep winning! Two-time Emmy and Three-time NAACP Image Award-winning, television Executive Producer Rushion McDonald interviewed Jasmine Hood Founder of Better Bodies Massage in Atlanta (originally from Greenville, South Carolina), joined Rushion McDonald on Money Making Conversations Masterclass to share her journey from CNA to licensed massage therapist, the realities of being a traveling service provider, and the wellness benefits of massage therapy. She discusses body alignment, stress, trauma release, the differences between massage modalities, alternative treatments like cupping, entrepreneurship during COVID‑19, safety considerations for mobile therapists, corporate/wellness partnerships, and her long‑term goal of building a scalable massage brand supported by contractors.

On this Friday of Tourney Week edition of the program, Z sits down with newest Browns G Zion Johnson for an interview on his journey to Cleveland (1:09:22). NFL Network's Nick Shook also joins the show (14:18) to break down the prospects the Browns could target in the upcoming NFL Draft. Plus, play this week's Higher or Lower (45:58) and get the first ever CBD pack openings on Brownie Box Breaks (1:16:52)!See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Sadanand Dhume Sadanand Dhume outlines Narendra Modi's foreign policy hierarchy, prioritizing the United States and Israel for defense. He notes India's strategic energy dependence on Gulf nations, leaving Iran as a significantly lower diplomatic priority. Modi's Strategic Hierarchy: Prioritizing the West and Gulf (3)1900 BENGAL

Given the ongoing turmoil in the Middle East, President Trump has taken bold action to unleash oil production in California. But Gavin Newsom and his cronies are determined to block him. Why are Democrats prioritizing political battles while Californians suffer at the gas pump? Steve breaks it all down and highlights the other ways the federal government is stepping in to save the state from itself. Then, Susan Shelley joins the show with eye-opening details on California's runaway healthcare spending, Newsom's “Cap-and-Invest” environmental scheme, and the growing trend of streetlight vandalism in Los Angeles. And finally, Rhetor AI co-founder Jeremy Jones stops by to discuss his “government efficiency” technology and how it's being used to help CAL DOGE identify waste and fraud.

If your child flips from calm to furious in seconds, you may wonder why your child's mood swings aren't just attitude and when to worry. In this episode, Dr. Roseann Capanna-Hodge, founder of Regulation First Parenting™ and expert in childhood emotional dysregulation, explains what's really driving the behavior—and how to help.If your child goes from calm to furious in seconds, you've probably heard, “It's just hormones” or “It's attitude.” But what if why your child's mood swings aren't just attitude and when to worry is the real question?Let's unpack what's really driving your child's behavior, when mood shifts may point to mental health issues, and how to calm the brain first.Why do my child's mood swings feel so extreme?Mood swings don't automatically mean bad attitude. Often, they reflect nervous system overload — and sometimes emerging mental health conditions, including depressive symptoms.When stress builds, cortisol rises, the amygdala fires fast, and the thinking brain goes offline. That's when you hear, “I hate you!” or “You're ruining my life!”In younger children, regulation skills are still developing. But when reactions are intense, frequent, and prolonged, we consider whether something more is happening — such as:Anxiety disordersAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderAutism spectrum disorderOppositional defiant disorderDisruptive mood dysregulation disorderEarly signs of a mood disorder, including major depressive disorder or even bipolar disorderWhat's really happening:The emotional brain is overactivatedThe logical brain can't regulate quicklyStress chemistry drives intense outburstsPhysical symptoms may appear (headaches, stomachaches, fatigue)Sleep patterns may shift, including difficulty falling asleepBehavior is communication. And when reactions seem like an elephant-sized response to an ant-sized problem, it's usually biology—not defiance.Real-Life Example: Your child loses it over the wrong snack. It's not about crackers. It's about a stress cup that's already overflowing from school pressure, social stress, poor sleep, and sensory overload.Are they doing this for attention—or do they need help?When kids are dysregulated, they're seeking safety, not attention.Big reactions are the nervous system saying: “I can't regulate alone.”Instead of harsher consequences, try:Containment before correctionLowering stimulation during trigger windowsCo-regulation (your calm spreads)

Extraction shooters are finally confronting their identity crisis. Is Marathon the answer, or just another branch of the same lineage?Phil, Sides, and Anjos break down a pivotal moment for shooters: Highguard's collapse, Marathon's high-stakes launch, and Overwatch's unexpected resurgence. The debate rage on: are we watching the evolution of battle royale into something more persistent, or just another iteration of Tarkov's legacy?We discuss:● Highguard's shutdown and the limits of modern marketing○ Hate-playing, sentiment collapse, and losing control of narrative post-launch● Marathon's design thesis○ Persistent battle royale vs traditional extraction shooter lineage○ Lower friction loops, faster re-entry, and softened risk systems● The genre split○ Arc Raiders as first-principles PvE extraction○ Marathon as PvP-first with extraction layered on top● The missing innovation question○ What is Marathon's true “Bungie leap” beyond sandbox combat + loot?● Overwatch's resurgence○ Systems-driven live ops vs content arms race with Marvel Rivals● The future of shooter ecosystems○ Extraction, hero shooters, and the erosion of “black hole” games

The smarter you are, the easier it is to get stuck - not because you lack ability, but because intelligence can quietly build a wall between you and the reality that would actually move you forward.EPISODE SUMMARYIn this episode, John explores one of the most common — and least talked about — reasons experienced speakers plateau.It's not a skill gap. It's a distance-from-reality problem.Drawing on 15 years of coaching speakers, John introduces the concept of psychological limiter loops: self-reinforcing cycles that keep you feeling productive while quietly keeping you stuck. He unpacks how intelligence, identity, and the need to protect your status can build a wall between you and the feedback, visibility, and real-world exposure that would actually accelerate your growth.This episode covers:• Why smart people overthink instead of executing• How psychological limiter loops work — and why they feel like progress from the inside• Why the hardest part of any speaker's journey challenges your identity, not just your skill• Five practical ways to break the loop and reconnect with realityWhether you're just starting or you've been speaking for years and know you should be further ahead, this one is for you.TIMESTAMPS00:00 The smarter you are, the easier it is to get stuck00:40 What this episode covers01:15 The Bertrand Russell quote and why intelligence creates doubt01:50 What a psychological limiter loop is — and what it looks like in practice02:40 How the loop builds a wall between you and reality03:15 Why this isn't just a beginner problem04:00 The dip - and why it's an identity challenge, not just a skill test04:50 Potential doesn't pay the bills. Bookings do.05:10 Personal story: nearly never doing stand-up comedy07:15 Personal story: the keynote I was hiding behind07:50 Five ways to break the loop07:55 1. Reconnect with reality08:15 2. Shorten the loop08:45 3. Lower the exposure threshold09:10 4. Knock the wall down09:45 5. Act before certainty10:20 Close — most speakers have a distance-from-reality problem11:00 How to work with JohnRESOURCES & LINKSBook mentioned: The New Comedy Bible by Judy CarterConcept mentioned: The Dip by Seth GodinVisit https://strategic-speaker.scoreapp.com to take the 2-minute Strategic Speaking Business Audit and find out what's blocking you from getting more bookings, re-bookings, referrals and bigger fees. There's a special surprise gift for everyone who completes the quiz.Want to get coached for free on the show? Fill in the form https://forms.gle/mo4xYkEiCjqtz9yP6, and if we think your challenge could help others, we'll invite you on.For speaking enquiries or to connect with me, you can email john@presentinfluence.com or find me on LinkedInYou can find all our clips, episodes and more on the Present Influence YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/@PresentInfluenceThanks for listening. Rating the show 5* on Spotify helps their algorithm recommend the show, so please take a moment to follow the show and leave a rating.Mentioned in this episode:SPGFS - Hiro.fmBecoming known will always make it easier to get booked and podcast guesting is one of the easiest ways to make that happen, when you have the right strategy. This program will teach you everything you need to know about podcast guesting, from the tech stack to making an impact. You'll get all the tools to stand out as an amazing podcast guest and get booked on great shows.The Strategic Speaking Business AuditTake this quick quiz to find out where and why your speaking business is leaking opportunities.

John McMullen delivers his most alarming assessment yet: the Eagles' ceiling is still a Super Bowl, but an 8-9 season wouldn't surprise him for the first time since 2022. Zander and McMullen break down the Shanahan scheme shift, Jeff Stoutland's departure, Landon Dickerson's health concerns, and whether Nick Sirianni is changing the offense to placate Jeffrey Lurie.Privacy & Opt-Out: https://redcircle.com/privacy

Marilyn Adler and Liddy Karter identified a gap where credit fund managers were getting larger and the lower middle market was getting ignored. They combined forces to “really go after the market,” forming Mizzen Capital. “We'll start with a company when it's two to five million of EBITDA and then help them with add-on acquisitions to get to their target EBITDA,” Marilyn says. Liddy adds: ”The steady returns come from diversification. We can pivot from one of several sectors.” In this conversation with host Ann Dorsett, the co-founders and managing partners describe their complementary backgrounds and their approach. Tune in as they reveal how they keep leverage low with their portfolio companies, why diverse teams price risk better, and when a warm referral from an aerospace CEO turned into a three-year relationship.Connect and Learn More☑️ Liddy Karter | LinkedIn☑️ Marilyn Adler | LinkedIn☑️ Mizzen Capital | LinkedIn☑️ Ann Dorsett | LinkedIn☑️ McGuireWoods | LinkedIn | Facebook | Instagram | X☑️ Subscribe Apple Podcasts | Spotify | Amazon MusicThis podcast was recorded and is being made available by McGuireWoods for informational purposes only. By accessing this podcast, you acknowledge that McGuireWoods makes no warranty, guarantee or representation as to the accuracy or sufficiency of the information featured in the podcast. The views, information or opinions expressed during this podcast series are solely those of the individuals involved and do not necessarily reflect those of McGuireWoods. This podcast should not be used as a substitute for competent legal advice from a licensed professional attorney in your state and should not be construed as an offer to make or consider any investment or course of action.

Join us in this engaging episode where we blend automotive banter with real-world business insights. Marshall and Nick discuss everything from car modifications, pricing strategies, to building sustainable relationships with clients — all through the lens of their automotive experiences.In this episode:The importance of honesty and transparency in customer relationshipsCommon mistakes in pricing and packaging servicesThe significance of efficiency and volume in low-cost detailing operationsHow to assess and maintain vehicle paint and headlight restoration standardsThe value of experience and knowledge in packaging, tools, and materialsLessons learned from business stories involving suspension installs, car detailing packages, and handling customer expectationsPractical tips on headlight restoration, headlight materials, and proper cleaning techniques for convertiblesThe role of humility and laughter in overcoming mistakes and building resilient businessesTimestamps:00:00 - The humorous dynamics of car decisions and friendly banter02:02 - The origins of the "Car Squat" and innovative vehicle modifications03:24 - The consequences of improper suspension install and visual mistakes05:01 - Building trust through honest communication and long-term relationships07:18 - The importance of transparency when mistakes happen in service08:10 - Handling customer expectations and the value of owning up to errors10:22 - Understanding and avoiding the "Oklahoma Rake" with suspension modifications12:46 - The significance of thorough walkarounds and customer communication in avoiding confusion14:24 - Navigating high-ticket jobs, risks, and the importance of realistic timeframes16:47 - Managing customer expectations around stains and scratches in detailing packages18:28 - How effective communication prevents misunderstandings in service delivery20:42 - The reality of detailing packages and setting proper customer expectations22:18 - The importance of volume, efficiency, and understanding costs for profitability25:26 - Building pricing structures based on real data and costs28:48 - Customer psychology around package choices and perceived value30:55 - The business of wholesale auto detailing and volume operations33:48 - The essentials of efficiency and time management in a busy shop environment36:34 - How large-scale operations profit through volume and organization39:07 - The importance of experience, expertise, and knowing your capabilities44:41 - Packaging, materials, and the consideration of glass vs. plastic bottles for coatings48:10 - Addressing material durability, cost, and practicality in product packaging53:28 - Real-world stories of mistakes, mishaps, and the value of humor in business58:05 - The art and science of paint correction and what low right (cutting versus polishing) entails61:51 - Techniques for headlight restoration and avoiding common pitfalls63:35 - Proper cleaning methods for convertibles and sensitive components65:07 - The debate between glass and plastic for visual plastics and headlight materials67:32 - Final thoughts and resources for further learning, including product recommendations and professional connections

Learn how to fix your pain with our “Centralization Process” here! https://rebrand.ly/ytpainfreeSubmit an application to work with us 1:1 and learn how to fix your low back! ⁠www.therehabfix.com/low-back-program⁠To view hundreds of free low back videos please follow us on instagram at @rehabfix ⁠www.instagram.com/rehabfix⁠If your low back just flared up and the pain won't stop… you're not alone.One day your back feels fine — and the next, you can barely stand up straight, put your shoes on, or pick something up without fear. Most people panic in this moment and either stop moving completely or do the wrong exercises… which actually makes things worse.In reality, a low back flare-up isn't just about tight muscles — it's a combination of muscle spasm, an overprotective nervous system, and poor spinal stability.In this episode, I'm going to show you a simple 3-step protocol to calm your back down FAST:

What will Bryce Harper's batting average be with runners in scoring position? How many home runs will Kyle Schwarber hit? How low will Aaron Nola's ERA be? On Episode 1052 of Hittin' Season, John Stolnis of The Good Phight sets the line on the most important numbers for the most important Phillies in 2026, as Baseball Prospectus' Justin Klugh and SABR's Liz Roscher try to decide if the number is too high or too low. Also, a Phils World Baseball Classic update. Are you concerned about Harper's struggles? Encouraged by Schwarber's start? Subscribe to the Hittin' Season podcast on Apple Podcasts here: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast... Subscribe on Spotify here: https://open.spotify.com/show/6fMSJlk... Follow all WHYY podcasts here: https://whyy.org/radio-podcasts/ Follow John on X: https://x.com/JohnStolnis Follow John on Bluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/johnstolnis.... Follow Liz on X: https://x.com/lizroscher Follow Liz on Bluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/lizroscher.b... Follow Justin on Bluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/justinklugh.... Read John at The Good Phight: https://www.thegoodphight.com Read Justin at Baseball Prospectus: https://www.baseballprospectus.com/au.... Become a Member: https://whyy.org/membership. Buy Justin's NEW book, "Summer of the Cheap Weiners: What the 1941 Phillies Were Up To While Joe DiMaggio Was Making History" at Brookline Books! https://www.brooklinebooks.com/978195...

Tara breaks down today's top stories: Israel's covert and overt operations against Iran, the strategic moves reshaping oil markets, domestic security failures, and what you're not being told about flu and COVID vaccines. From geopolitics to public health, this episode exposes the untold connections influencing your world. SUMMARY Middle East & Iran Conflict: Iran's new leadership remains unseen publicly; proof of life is still demanded by many. Israel is leading covert operations, striking Hezbollah targets across Lebanon and taking out key Iranian nuclear scientists. Limited U.S. forces may be deployed in strategic zones, like the Strait of Hormuz, to control oil flow and pressure Iran economically. Regional conflict impacts 12+ countries, influencing Arab nations, Russia, India, China, and NATO dynamics. Israel's intelligence and military actions prevent a broader escalation and protect U.S. strategic interests. Global Energy & Oil Markets: Trump's lifting of Russian oil sanctions threatens to dramatically lower global oil prices, reversing artificial inflation caused by prior sanctions. Lower oil prices impact U.S. households, the global economy, and geopolitical leverage, including pressure on China and Russia. Democrats are panicking over oil price drops and the potential shift in global energy control. Public Health Insights: Flu vaccines: CDC reports 20–25 deaths per year, potentially underreported by 10x, with effectiveness as low as 25%. COVID vaccines: Adenovirus-based vaccines linked to rare blood clots; media coverage downplays risks and avoids full disclosure. Tara emphasizes informed consent, questioning medical guidance, and reviewing CDC data critically. Domestic Security & Policy Failures: Terror incidents in the U.S., including individuals with Hezbollah contacts, highlight gaps in immigration and gun enforcement policies. Straw purchasing loopholes and DOJ enforcement failures contributed to weapons ending up in criminal hands. Biden-era policies are analyzed as exacerbating domestic vulnerability to terrorist threats. Political Context & Strategy: U.S. global strategy is reshaping alliances, constraining Iran, and influencing energy flows. Trump's moves in energy, military readiness, and sanctions highlight contrasts with prior administration policies. Changes affect global power structures, including NATO, Russia, China, and Latin America, creating a pivotal historical inflection point. KEY TALKING POINTS Israel's multi-front operations in Lebanon and Iran Strategic implications of potential U.S. limited ground operations in the Middle East Global oil markets and Russian sanctions reversal Vaccine safety, CDC reporting, and public awareness Domestic security, immigration, and gun enforcement failures Broader geopolitical effects on NATO, China, Russia, and Latin America SOCIAL MEDIA BLURB Israel strikes, Iran tensions, global oil shocks

CW: Suicide This episode we are talking about Law and Order--where Ritsuryo system gets its name.  We are going to look at some of the underlying theory of how the government was set up and then some of the new laws people were expected to follow and examples of punishment--as well as pardons and general amnesties. For the blogpost, check out:  https://sengokudaimyo.com/podcast/episode-145 Rough Transcript Welcome to Sengoku Daimyo's Chronicles of Japan.  My name is Joshua, and this is Episode 145:  Law and Order in the Reign of Temmu     The sound of struggle could be heard, as a man, hands bound behind him, was roughly brought into the courtyard by several sturdy men.  They thrust him roughly to the bare ground in front of the pavilion.  The man's clothes were disheveled, his hair was unkempt, and his right eye was swollen shut.  He was a stark contrast from the four officials standing over him, and even more from those who stood in the pavilion, above, prepared to dole out judgment.  A clerk was handling the paperwork at a nearby desk, but the court official already knew this case.  He had read the reports, heard the testimony of the witnesses and, to top it all off, he had read the confession.  It seems it had taken some coercion, but in the end, the criminal before him had admitted to his wrongdoing. And thus the official was able to pronounce the sentence with some sense of moral clarity.  After all, if this man was innocent, why would he confess?  On the other hand, if he were truly innocent, how would he even have come to their attention?  Even if he was not guilty of this crime, if he had been such an upstanding citizen, why would his neighbors have accused him in the first place?  One way or another, justice was being done.     We remain—for at least the next couple of episodes—firmly in the reign of Ohoama, aka Temmu Tennou.  There is a lot more in this reign, and we are reaching a period where we won't be able to cover nearly as much as previously, so we'll have to summarize some things, but there is still a lot here to discuss.  Last episode we looked at what was happening outside of the court.  This episode we turn our attention back to the center, and specifically, what law and order meant in Ohoama's time. This period is called the Ritsuryo period, and as the name indicates, it is characterized by the set of laws and accompanying penal codes, the ritsu and the ryo.  Most of these codes are no longer extant, only known to us by other sources which contain only fragments of the originals.  But it was this adoption of a continental style of law that seems to most characterize this period.  So this episode, we are going to look at the project Ohoama kicked off to establish  one such law code —possibly even the first actual—for Yamato, as well as some of the examples of how law and order were enforced. In Episode 143 we talked about Ohoama's  historiographical project, which kicked off in the third month of 681 and culminated in the very chronicles we have been poring over.  However, a month before that, we see the start of a different and likely more immediate project, as the sovereign ordered work to begin on a new legal code.  This task was decreed from the Daigokuden to all of the Princes and Ministers -- who were then cautioned to divide it up and take it in shifts, since after all, they still needed to administer the government.  And so this division of labor began. The code would take years to compile, so, like so many of the ambitious projects of this reign, it was not quite ready by the time of Ohoama's death in 686.  In fact, it wouldn't be promulgated until 689, and even then that was only the "Ryou" part of the "Ritsuryou"—that is to say it contained the laws, the "ryou", but no the penal code, or "ritsu".  Still, we are told that the total body of laws was some 22 volumes and is known today as the Asuka Kiyomihara Code.  It is unfortunately no longer extant—we only have evidence of the laws based on those edicts and references we see in the Nihon Shoki, but it is thought by some to be the first such deliberate attempt to create a law code for Yamato.  We do have an earlier reference to Naka no Ohoye putting together a collection of laws during his reign, known as the Afumi Code, but there is some question as to whether that was actually a deliberate code or just a compilation of edicts that had been made up to that point.  These various codes are where the "Ritsuryo" period gets its name, and the Asuka Kiyomihara Code would eventually be supplanted in 701 by the Taihou code—which is one of the reasons why copies of previous codes haven't been kept around.  After all, why would you need the old law code when you now have the new and improved version? This also means that often, when we don't have other evidence, we look to later codes and histories to understand what might be happening when we get hints or fragments of legal matters.  The Chronicles often make note of various laws or customs, but they can be sparse on details.  After all, the main audience, in the 8th century, would be living the current law codes and likely understood the references in ways we may have to work out through other sources. As for the Kiyomihara Code, there are further notes in the Chronicles that seem to be referencing this project.  Besides the obvious—the new laws that were promulgated through various edicts—we see a few entries sprinkled throughout that appear to be related to this project.  First, I would note that in the 10th month of the same year that they started the project, 681, there was issued an edict that all those of the rank of Daisen on down should offer up their admonitions to the government.   Bentley notes that Article 65 of the Statutes on Official Documents provides a kind of feedback mechanism via this admonitions, where anyone who saw a problem with the government could submit it to the Council of the State.  If they had a fear of reprisals they could submit anonymously. This entry for the 10th month of 681 could just refer to a similar request that all those who had a problem should report it so it could be fixed, but in light of several other things, I would also suggest that it was at least in line with the ongoing efforts to figure out what needed to be figured out vis a vis the laws of the land.  Later, in the 8th month of 682 we see a similar type of request, where everyone from the Princes to the Ministers were instructed to bring forward matters suitable for framing new regulations.   So it looks like that first year or so there were, in a sense, a lot of "listening sessions" and other efforts going on to give deliberate thought to how the government should operate.  A few days later in 682 the Chronicles tell us that the court were working on drawing up the new laws, and as they did so they noticed a great rainbow.  Bentley suggests that this was an auspicious sign—even Heaven was smiling on the operation. So we know that there was lawmaking going on.  But what did these laws actually look like? This episode we are going to look at both criminal law – crimes and punishments, and gow they could be mitigated as well as those laws that were less about criminal activities and more about how the state itself was to be run. As I just stated, a lot of the laws and edicts are not necessarily about criminal activities.  Many of them are about the government and how it works—or at least how it is supposed to work.  Some of this helps to reveal a bit about the theoretical and philosophical underpinnings of this project.  That said, I'm not always sure that Ohoama and his officials were necessarily adherents to those philosophies or if they saw them more as justifications fro their actions.  And, in the end, does it matter?  Even if they weren't strict Confucianists, it is hard to argue that Confucian theory didn't loom large in their project, given its impact on the systems they were cribbing from.  Furthermore, if we need to extrapolate things that go unsaid, we could do worse than using Confucianism and similar continental philosophies as our guide, given what we see in the record.  A particularly intriguing record for understanding how that government was supposed to work is a declaration that civil and military officials of the central and provincial governments should, every year, consider their subordinates and determine what promotions, if any, they should receive.  They were to send in their recommendations within the first ten days to the judges, or "houkan".  The judges would compare the reports and make their recommendations up to the Daibenkan—the executive department of the Dajokan, the Council of State.  In addition, officers who refused orders to go on various missions for the court were ineligible for promotion, unless their refusal was specifically for genuine illness or bereavement following the loss of a parent. This feels like an important note on how the whole bureaucratic appointment and promotion system worked.  It actually follows early ideas of the meritocratic bureaucracy that was at the heart of how the government was supposed to work.  It isn't quite the same as magistrates roaming the land and seeking out talented individuals, but it still demonstrates a promotion system that is at least nominally about the merit of the individual and not solely based on personal patronage—though I'm sure the sovereign, the sumera no mikoto, or tennou, could still issue promotions whenever he so wished. And as cool as I find all that to be, I think the piece that I find particularly fun is the fact that they had to specify that only a "genuine" illness was a valid excuse.  That suggests to me that there were people who would feign illness to get out of work.  In other words, faking a sick day is nothing new and you could totally have a ritsuryo version of "Ferris Buehler's Day Off". This meritocratic idea seems to be tempered a bit a few years later, in 682.  We see an edict that not only describes the language and character of the court ritual, but also talking about verifying the lineage and character of anyone who applies for office.  Anyone whose lineage was found to be less than sufficient would be declared ineligible, regardless of whatever else they had done. And this is the tension of trying to overlay a theoretical system, based on the idea of merit, on a hereditary aristocracy.  In a meritocracy, one wouldn't blink twice at a person from a "lesser" ranked family making their way up and above those of "superior" families.  Then again, you probably wouldn't have families ranked in a hierarchy, anyway.  I feel like we've touched on this in a past episode, somewhere, but it isn't the last time we'll be talking about this.  After initially adopting the system as it theoretically should be, the cultural pressures of the elite nobles would start to shape the government into something that was not quite so threatening to the power of those elite families.  After all, those families held a lot of power—economic, political, and otherwise—and, as elites throughout history have done, they would do whatever they could to hold onto that power. This is actually something we see on the continent.  Whatever sense of justice or equality may have lay at the heart of the theory behind good governance, it was always going to be impacted by those with resources and the familial connections that bind people together.  For instance, it was the wealthy who would have the money and leisure time to be able to hire tutors, acquire books, and spend time studying and learning—something that is hard to do if you have to help your family work in the fields.  And the court would always be a place of politics, which was fueled by wealth and connections.  No doubt, if you asked someone of the time, they would say that the "correct" thing to do would be to work your way up from the bottom, starting from a low ranked position and climbing up based on their good deeds.  That's all well and good, but then we see preference given to the highest nobles, with their own progeny getting a jump on things by being automatically placed higher in rank.  With only a finite number of positions in the government, this meant  that climbing through the ranks would be almost impossible at some point, as there just weren't enough positions for those qualified to take them. This is an all-too-common problem, regardless of the actual system of government.  The powerful and wealthy have always had a leg up—though sometimes more than others. That isn't to say that those less fortunate were always ignored.  For instance, early in his reign, Ohoama made a decree to divide the common people—those who were not members of the royal family, so not princes or princesses—into three different classes, Upper, Middle, and Lower, all based on their wealth or financial status.  Only the two lower groups were eligible for loans of seed rice, should they need it.  That isn't so different than a lot of modern, means-tested government assistance programs, when you think about it.  The idea of breaking up groups into an "Upper", "Middle", and "Lower" category is found elsewhere—Bentley notes Article 16 of the Statutes of Arable Land dividing up families who planted mulberry.  "Ryou no Shuuge", a 9th century commentary on the Yoro law-code, notes that, at least by that time, the three categories were based on the number of people in a given household, not just the total wealth, it would seem.     Other decrees help us understand the make-up of the court, such as decree in the 8th month of 679, with the sovereign requesting that various houses send women to work in the court.  Bentley notes that this is very similar wording to Article 18 of the statutes of the Rear Palace, where the sovereign's consorts lived.  He also mentions a note in Ryou no Shuuge stating it was specifically women from noble families in the capital city and nearby who were employed for low-level tasks in the palace.     Continuing with the ordering of the government, in the third month of 681, Ohoama went to the well of the New Palace—the Nihi no Miya—and he ordered the military drums and other instruments to be played.  In the continental style, music was an important part of the military, with certain instruments and tunes that would be played for a variety of purposes.  It is unclear that the archipelago had such a detailed history of military music, and so it seems that this is in emulation of the continental practice. Then, in the 5th month, Ohoama had to crack down on another practice that was apparently taking off with the various public functionaries.  As we noted, earlier, public functionaries were reliant on their superiors, the judges, and then the Council of State for their promotion.  However, some appear to have found another way to garner favor, and that was through female palace officials—those working in the private quarters.  Those palace officials would have access to the sovereign and his families—his queen and various consorts.  And of course, if Ohoama heard good things about a person, then perhaps he would put them forward for promotion.  At the very least, if that person's name came forward, it might be well thought of.  And so public functionaries had taken to paying their respects to the women working in the palace.  Sometimes they would go to their doors and make their case directly.  Other times they would offer presents to them and their families.  This was clearly not how the system was intended to work.  As such, Ohoama told everyone to knock it off—should he hear about anyone trying this in the future, then the offenders would be punished according to their circumstances. Of course, I would note that this only would be a problem if the individuals were caught.  If the rest of Japanese history—heck, world history—is anything to go on, then humans are going to human and the court was no doubt deeply steeped in political maneuvering of all kinds.  I imagine that this practice never fully stopped, but it probably stopped being quite as blatant—for now. Continuing with the development of how the government operated, we get the entry for the 28th day of the 3rd lunar month of 682.  It starts with various sumptuary laws, with Princes down to public functionaries no longer wearing specialized caps of office—effectively getting rid of the idea of "cap-rank".  They also would no longer wear the aprons, sashes, or leggings that were part of the previous outfit.  Likewise the Uneme and female palace officials would no longer wear the elbow-straps or shoulder-scarves.  This appears to have moved the court closer to what the continent was wearing at the time, with belted garments based on clothing not too dissimilar from what was found across the Silk Road, to be honest.  They also discontinued all sustenance-fiefs for Princes and Ministers.  Those had to be returned to the State.  Presumably their salaries would then come from any stipends associated with their rank, instead.  This doesn't seem all that connected with the other edict, focused on clothing and rank, except that is part of the further centralization of power and authority—all taxes were to go to the central government and then get parceled out, and everyone—or at least those in the court—were to conform to a standard uniform.  That said, for all that it may have been the intent, as we shall see, the court would never fully get rid of the idea of privately held tax land—it would just take different forms over time. Later, we get more sumptuary laws, some about what the people of the court would wear, but others that were more general.  Sumptuary laws are laws specifically focused on controlling things such as expenditures or personal behavior—including what one wore and how they expressed themselves--and they are generally made to help order society in some way.  There were a lot of cultures where purple, for instance, was reserved for royalty—often because of how expensive it was and difficult to make.  Wearing an expensive purple fabric could be seen as an expression of wealth—and thus power—and that could feel like a challenge to those in power themselves.  It probably also meant that there was enough dye for the royal robes and it was not nearly so scarce. In other instances, we see sumptuary laws to call out people of certain groups.  Some laws are to distinguish an in-group, and others to call out a group to be set apart from society.  Other such laws were made to distinguish between social constructs such as caste or gender.  Even today we have a concept of "cross-dressing" as we have determined that certain clothing or styles are seen as either more masculine or feminine, and there are those who call out such things as somehow perverting society.  And yet, the clothing is simply pieces of fabric, and what may have been considered masculine or feminine in one time or place may not bee seen as such in another. In this case, the sumptuary laws in question focused on hairstyles.  Ohoama decreed that all persons, male or female, must tie up their hair—they couldn't leave it hanging down. This was to be done no later than the last day of the year—the 30th day of the 12th lunar month, though it could be required even before that.  We are also told that women were expected to ride horses in the saddle similar to the way men did. This appears to mean they would sit astride a saddle, with their legs on either side, and not in something akin to side saddle.  This also likely meant that women riding horses would want trousers, similar to what men wore, at least for that part of it.  Trying to wear a long skirt with your legs on either side of a horse does not strike me as the most comfortable position to put yourself in, not that people haven't figured it out over the centuries in various ways.  Indeed, in some Tang statuary, women are often depicted riding horseback with trousers.   In the 9th month of 682 we get a fun entry.  Well, I find it amusing.  We are told that the practice of ceremonial crawling and kneeling was to be abolished and that they would adopt the ceremonial custom of standing, as had been practiced in the Naniwa court.  And a part of me thinks of some old courtier who was having trouble with all of the kneeling who was suddenly very happy with this new ordinance.  On the other hand, it is fascinating to think of the other implications. First, we are being told that there was a custom of standing at the Naniwa court, while in Asuka there was a tradition of ceremonial crawling and kneeling.  Bentley's translation makes it apparent that this was specifically as you entered through the gates: that you would bow and then crawl through the entranceway. I'm assuming that the standing custom was based on continental tradition, since that seemed to be what the Naniwa palace was built to emulate, and that in returning to Asuka they were partaking in a more local ritual—though I'm not entirely certain as I just don't have enough information to know at this point.  Aston does claim that it was custom in the Tang court, though I'm not sure of his source for that. In 683 we get more information on how the court functioned.  We are told that there was a decree that all persons of rank in the Home Provinces were expected to present themselves at Court at some point in the first month of each quarter.  You were only excused if you were sick, at which point an official would need to send a report up to the judicial authorities.  So every noble in the Home Provinces had to travel to the court once every four months.  And if they couldn't, they need to be able to produce the equivalent of a doctor's note, saysing so. We aren't told why this was implemented.  I suspect that there had to be some compromise between nobles being at and working at the court and going back to their hometown to also keep an eye on things there.  It is possible that there were plenty of people who just weren't coming to the court unless they had to—living off their stipend, but not necessarily doing the work.  So this may have been a "return to office" type order to make sure that people were there, in the "office" of the court at least once every four months. This brings to mind the Edo period practice of alternate attendance, or Sankin-koutai, where daimyo would have to attend on the Shogun for a time and then could return home.  Of course, that was also done as a means to drain their coffers, and I don't believe this was meant in quite so punishing a manner. Having a permanent city, where the nobles had houses in the city, would likely fix these issues, allowing the court to be more regularly staffed.  Sure enough, that same decree included the decree that there would be a Capital City at Naniwa as well as other places, while the work at Nihiki, on what would become the Fujiwara capital, was already underway. Speaking of the capital, that work would require labor and people to oversee it.  In 10th month of 684, we see a note that gives us a glimpse into the management of corvee labor, as Prince Hatsuse and Kose no Asomi no Umakahi, as well as officials down to facilities managers, 20 people in all, were set up as corvee labor managers for the royal region.      Next, let's talk criminal matters.  What kinds of things were people being accused of or what laws were being set up to constraing the activities of individuals.   We'll start by looking at how justices was handled, generally speaking.  Some of it seems almost obvious, like in 675, when we are told that the sovereign ordered that nobody—whether a minister, a functionary, or a citizen—should commit an offense lest they be punished accordingly.  'But what was happening previously to make such a proclamation necessary? On the one hand, I suspect that this was a warning to the elites of the archipelago more than anything else, especially those who might not have been in direct fealty to the Yamato sovereign previously.  Those elites farther out in the provinces were probably used to a looser hand, and fewer consequences for their actions.  Back in Taika years, in the late 640s, just as everything was kicking off, the court had had to bring the hammer down on the governors and various kuni no miyatsuko, local elites who had been doing things their own way.  I suspect this was just a similar attempt to bring people into line and a reminder of who actually wore the hakama in this administration.  It also seems to be a straightforward statement that the law applied to every person—or at least every person outside of the sovereign, himself. That was likely a novel idea for many people, where those in positions of power were likely able to get away with murder, quite literally, because who was going to stop them?  We've seen how many of the more powerful families controlled what were essentially private armies. At the same time, 675 is before these new formal law codes and punishments were in place.  Presumably there was tradition in place and some understanding that the sovereign could declare laws and punishment, but I also wonder if this isn't part of the reason that they felt that centralized, authoritative, written law codes were required in the first place.  After all, communicating laws and punishments verbally across the archipelago, even with the potential for written edicts, likely relied a lot on local administrators to interpret the edicts and figure out what was going on. This seems to align with an edict from the 10th month of 679, which decried that there were many people guilty of crimes and violence hanging around the capital.  This was blamed on the Princes and Ministers, since the edict claimed that these high officials heard about it but didn't do anything, instead treating it like a nuisance that was too much trouble—or perhaps too personally expensive—to do anything about.  Alternatively, those same princes and ministers would see people that they knew were guilty, but they didn't want to go through the trouble of actually reporting them, and so the offenders could get away with it.  The proposed solution was to exhort those in higher stations to punish the offenses of those beneath them, while those of lower stations were expected to remonstrate with their superiors when those superiors were rude or violent.  In other words, if everyone just held everyone else accountable, then things would work out. This seems like a great sentiment, but I have to imagine that there was something more beyond the high-minded ideals. Again,  I suspect that it was probably as much Ohoama putting people on notice.  Still, this seems aspirational rather than definitive.      A clear example of the kind of thing that was being prohibited is likelye the decree about fishermen and hunters, who were forbidden from making pitfalls or using spear traps or similar devices.  Also, from the beginning of the 4th month until the 13th day of the 9th month, no one was to set fish-weirs, or himasakiri—an unknown device, but probably another type of fish trap.  Ohoama also prohibited the eating of cattle, horses, dogs, monkeys, or chickens.  Other animals, including boar, deer, fish, etc., were all fair game, as it were. The prohibition on traps is likely because they were a hazard to anyone walking through the area.  In the Tang dynasty they did something similar, but they did make exceptions for hunters in the deep mountains, who were supposed to put up signs warning any travelers.  As for the weirs and himasakiri, whatever that might be, I have less context, but likely it did have some reasoning—possibly similar to our modern concepts of having certain seasons for various types of fishing.  Fish weirs do create obstructions, and between the 4th and 9th lunar months Japan does see the summer monsoon rains—could that be the reason?  Tsuyu, or rainy season, is often around July to mid-June, today.  Or perhaps there is another motivation for that particular prohibition. As for the eating of various animals—of the animals listed, all but the monkeys are domesticated animals who generally weren't considered as food animals.  Cattle were used for working the fields, horses were ridden, and dogs were used for hunting.  I wonder if monkeys were just too close to people. The chicken prohibition may seem odd to us, today.  The word for chicken, "niwatori", literally means garden bird, though the Nihon Shoki uses something more like "barn door bird".  We know that cock-fighting was a thing in later periods, and that chickens were associated with Amaterasu, possibly for their legendary habit of crowing as the sun comes up.  We can also note the lack of some animals, like cats, from the list.  Perhaps cats were never in danger of being seen as a food source, or perhaps cats just weren't as prevalent at the time—we know cats were around from at least the Nara period, but there isn't much evidence before that.  There are examples of bones thought to be from a cat from the Yayoi period found on Iki island, but it is hard to say from that if they were fully established across the archipelago. Still,  I do find it curious they are not on the list.Continuing on, we later see where see the court issued an edict that prohibited the cutting of grass or firewood on Mt. Minabuchi and Mt. Hosokawa.  Furthermore they prevented any indiscriminate burning or cutting on all of the mountains in the Home Provinces.  This feels somewhat religious—after all, the mountains were often considered the domain of the kami.  Perhaps there were some religious restrictions.  On the other hand, some of it sounds like they were trying to just ensure that with a growing population they didn't denude the mountains around the capital. This whole incident brings to mind problems that occurred in and around Chang'an, the western Tang capital.  The palace itself—not to mention all of the houses and temples—took so much wood that it was a drain on the nearby forests.  And that is without taking into account the simple harvesting of wood for cooking fires, tools, etc.  In fact, the logging industry of that time devastated the local environment, meaning that they had to travel farther and farther to find suitable wood for the monumental buildings they wished to create.  It is also thought to have contributed to various natural disasters in and around the capital.  Perhaps Yamato was worried that unrestricted logging in the Home Provinces could likewise cause problems?  Or was that simply an added benefit gained from the idea that mountains were sacred spaces?   Later in the 10th month of 679, there was an edict determining sumptuary rules for monks clothing, as well as what kind of retinue could accompany them when they went out.  We talked about this back in Episode 142.  That same month, there was an edict that, while monks and nuns might normally be expected to stay at a temple—such as in the quarters identified in the ruins of Kawaradera—that it became a problem when older monks became bed-ridden.  After all, if they couldn't leave their bed, then one can only imagine how it must have been.  Not to get overly graphic, but they couldn't exactly make it out to the latrine at that point, either.  So it was determined that if an elderly monk were to reach the stage that they were bed-ridden, and unlikely to recover, then the temple would seek out relatives or laypersons to help build a hut or two in vacant spaces on the temple grounds.  There, the sick and bed-ridden monks could be cared for in a more sanitary manner. Now the way this is written, on the one hand it seems they were worried about ritual purification as much as anything, but I imagine that this was also practical.  After all, as you get all of those monks living together, one can only imagine that disease and illness could easily spread in those close quarters.  So separating those who were quite sick only makes sense, like an early form of quarantine. A lot of these prohibitions seem to be fairly practical.  Don't put traps where people could accidentally fall into them.  Don't chop down the nearby forest—we may need that later.  And even: don't leave a sick or elderly monk in a crowded dormitory situation.But what about the penal codes? If you lived in the latter part of Temmu's reign and you did violate one of the rules mentioned above, or one of the many others at play, what would happen to you, and how did that vary based on your place in society? Unfortunately, most of what we get on this is kind of bare bones.  We often see the punishment, but not t he crime.  We are just told that someone was found guilty, or condemned.  Take, for example, the Buddhist Priest, Fukuyou, of Asukadera, who was condemned and thrown into prison.  We aren't told what he did to deserve confinement, but it wouldn't last long.  Apparently Fukuyou cut his own throat, ending his life, rather than face other consequences or live with the shame of whatever crime he had committed. By the way, the term "prison" here is interesting.  We certainly see people being imprisoned in some way, shape, or form—locked up and unable to freely travel.  That isn't exactly the same, however, as a prison complex or system.  There may have been buildings used a jail—a temporary holding facility while the actual punishment was determined.  And we also see the equivalent of house arrest.  Later, there would be formal "prisons" set up for the detention of individuals, who were often then forced to labor as part of their punishment.  However, they had many other forms of punishment, many of which required much fewer staff.  After all, a prison requires that you have guards constantly watching the prisoners to make sure nothing gets out of hand.  Instead, you could just exile them to an island or even just another province, with a lot less manpower. A less drastic punishment was handed out back in the 4th month of 675, when we are told that Tahema no Kimi no Hiromaro and Kunu no Omi no Maro were both forbidden from attending the court—for what purpose we aren't immediately told.  However, six days later, Kunu no Maro was held accountable for offering resistance to a royal messenger—maybe the one who communicated that he was banished from the court.  As a punishment, he was stripped of all of his offices and dignities.  Both Tahema no Hiromaro and Kunu no Maro appear to have been pardoned at a later date, though we aren't sure when.  It could have been one of the various general amnesties—and we'll talk about that in a moment.  Hiromaro passed away in 685, but he was provided a posthumous promotion in rank and is noted for his efforts supporting Ohoama during the Jinshin no Ran.  Meanwhile, Kunu no Maro—also known as Abe no Kunu no Maro is seen delivering a eulogy in 686.  Perhaps somewhat ironically, he did so on behalf of the Office of Punishments—later the Keimu-shou, or Ministry of Punishment.  These actions certainly seem to be at odds with them being punished, let alone banished from the court. We also see an example where  Prince Womi, who was of the 3rd princely ranks—even higher than Prince Kurikuma, whom we discussed last episode—was guilty of some kind of offense and banished to Inaba.  One of his children was also banished to Izushima and the other to Chikashima.  Aston suggests that this means Ohoshima and Chikashima may be in Hizen.  Again, very little to go on as to what was happening, though it seems that all three were punished together and sent away from each other, perhaps so that they could not plot or scheme together.  Later amnesties would probably have resulted in pardons for them.   Speaking of pardons—the punishments that we are speaking about all appear to be permanent, other than imprisonment, which may have been more of a temporary situation.  It wasn't like being sent away for so many years.  However, on the other side of the coin was the option for a pardon or amnesty.  While I imagine that the sovereign could always provide a pardon directly, we more regularly see general amnesties declared, sometimes with very specific guidelines. One of the most illuminating such instances, and possibly where Kunu no Maro and Tahema no Hiromaro were pardoned, came in the 7th month of 676.  That month the court issued a general amnesty, likely to increase the merit accrued to the State through an act of mercy and forgiveness, given the drought and famine that had been reported earlier that summer.  Perhaps paradoxically, this act of leniency gives us an interesting view into the types of punishments that were made, as well as how severe each was considered.    The amnesty mitigated all sentences of death, enforced servitude, or the three classes of banishment, and they would all be mitigated by one degree.  So anyone sentenced to death would instead just become enslaved.  Those who were sentenced to enslavement would be banished to a distant province.  Those banished to a distant province would only be banished to a province at a medium distance.  Banishment to a medium province would be downgraded to a nearer province.  And Banishment to a nearer province would be downgraded to banishment—or removal—to a place in the same province.  For anyone who committed a crime for which they would be removed to a place in the same province—or for any lesser crime—would be completely pardoned, whether or not the crime was actually known.  So you couldn't be held responsible, retroactively. This gives us a kind of hierarchy to use as far as the kinds of punishment that might be handed out.  Of course, there are also a few others, which I generally assume were considered lesser.  For instance: banishment from the court, or being stripped of government rank, that sort of thing. There was a caveat that this amnesty would not apply to those who had already left for their place of banishment—nor, obviously, to those who had already been executed.  So if you had already settled in to your new life, this amnesty didn't exactly matter.  This could be where Tahema no Hiromaro and Kunu no Maro were pardoned and thus allowed to find their way back into the court's good graces.  On the other hand, others probably wish that this amnesty happened a bit later—one month later, to be exact.  We are told that Prince Yagaki, the current viceroy of the Dazaifu, was accused of some offense and banished to Tosa, in Shikoku.  As usual, the record does not feel the need to tell us what the offense was or try to justify it anyway.   This is all well and good, but what exactly did the justice system look like?  How were criminals accused, and how would they investigate and prove your guilt?  In the 11th month of 682, we see a rather detailed description of how trials and punishment were to be carried out.  For any offense against the law, whether it was in the palace or the court, it would be immediately examined, and nobody was allowed to conceal information about it.  If the offense was grave enough, then the next step would depend on the rank of the individual.  For individuals of high birth, their guilt would be reported to the court, presumably for whatever punishment they deemed appropriate from there.  For others, they would be arrested.  If they resisted arrest, then the palace guards would be sent after them.  A typical punishment was flogging, which was not to go beyond 100 blows.  Finally, if the individual were clearly guilty, but yet continued to profess their innocence, then that would be considered perjury and added to their sentence. It should be noted that in East Asia at this time, there was no concept of innocent until proven guilty.  If you were accused of a crime, then it was up to you to prove that you were innocent.  It was not uncommon for an arrest to occur, and then for the authorities to then torture a confession out of the individual.  Since they already had assumed the individual's guilt, this was just meant to get them to admit it.  Even into modern times, Japan has had a high conviction rate, but there are accusations that this is simply because of the presence of coerced confessions.  A coerced confession helps to demonstrate that the system is correct, and working as designed, whilst protestations of innocence call into question the validity of the system. There is another type of guilt and punishment—and leniency, for that matter—mentioned in the 6th month of 677: We are told that the Yamato no Aya no Atahe were considered guilty of the "seven misdemeanors", which seems like it is more an indictment of their moral failings rather than any kind of direct criminal behavior.  Furthermore, they were accused of pushing back against the rightful sovereigns from the time of Kashikiya Hime down to the time of the Afumi court.  This would seem to indicate that they had been supporting the Soga and the Afumi court, but if so, I wouldn't say that the Chronicles help to clarify it in any way.  Perhaps they just were willful and not showing the right amount of loyalty to the throne.  Whatever they did, Ohoama was none too pleased, but he also didn't want to completely destroy the uji.  Instead, as a compromise, he offered them clemency for any past actions, pardoning them, but also claiming that if they stepped out of line again, then their offense would be unpardonable.  This whole entry is a vibe.  It is less of a punishment and more of a sword of Damocles being set up above them. Several years later, in 682, we see the Yamato no Aya being granted the title of Muraji.  In consequence of the appointment, the entire household—all the men and women alike, presented themselves to the court.  They rejoiced and praised Ohoama, thanking him for raising them in status.  This doesn't feel like a normal entry—it isn't like every family was coming into court and giving thanks every time that a promotion was handed out.  This feels like classic "kissing the ring" to get back into good graces with someone who was, effectively, an autocratic ruler.  While there was a bureaucracy, based on everything we've seen Ohoama had bent it largely to his will by appointing family members and other members of the elite princely class—those with at least nominal familial connections—to positions of power and authority.   And with that, I think we will bring this episode to a close.  Next episode we'll finish out this reign with a few projects and various other miscellaneous events. Until then if you like what we are doing, please tell your friends and feel free to rate us wherever you listen to podcasts.  If you feel the need to do more, and want to help us keep this going, we have information about how you can donate on Patreon or through our KoFi site, ko-fi.com/sengokudaimyo, or find the links over at our main website,  SengokuDaimyo.com/Podcast, where we will have some more discussion on topics from this episode. Also, feel free to reach out to our Sengoku Daimyo Facebook page.  You can also email us at the.sengoku.daimyo@gmail.com.  Thank you, also, to Ellen for their work editing the podcast. And that's all for now.  Thank you again, and I'll see you next episode on Sengoku Daimyo's Chronicles of Japan.  

Gas prices are rising as conflicts around the Strait of Hormuz ramp up, and President Trump is calling in backup. Trump is warning other countries to help him open up the strait or face consequences. What cards do the U.S. have when navigating this conflict and can we force other countries to help us out? 

Some countries are making alleged deals with Iran as some ships make their way through the Strait of Hormuz, says Kevin Green. He talks about crude oil's pressure to the downside to start the trading week and takes investors through other headlines in his "cautious optimism" take. On stock moves, Kevin Green talks about the deal between Meta Platforms (META) and Nebius (NBIS) where the Mag 7 giant can offer the latter company up to $27 billion. Dollar Tree (DLTR) also moved off its mixed earnings. ======== Schwab Network ========Empowering every investor and trader, every market day.Subscribe to the Market Minute newsletter - https://schwabnetwork.com/subscribeDownload the iOS app - https://apps.apple.com/us/app/schwab-network/id1460719185Download the Amazon Fire Tv App - https://www.amazon.com/TD-Ameritrade-Network/dp/B07KRD76C7Watch on Sling - https://watch.sling.com/1/asset/191928615bd8d47686f94682aefaa007/watchWatch on Vizio - https://www.vizio.com/en/watchfreeplus-exploreWatch on DistroTV - https://www.distro.tv/live/schwab-network/Follow us on X – / schwabnetwork Follow us on Facebook – / schwabnetwork Follow us on LinkedIn - / schwab-network About Schwab Network - https://schwabnetwork.com/about

In this episode, Live from the AFPM Annual Meeting, Vic Scalco, Global Commercial Strategic Senior Manager, Gulftronics, discusses innovative technologies for refining industry profit enhancement, focusing on slurry clarification, dielectric separation and market applications.

TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF ANDY'S JUNK SILVER OFFER go to https://thoughtfulmoney.com/buygoldThe CME recently lowered margin requirements on gold & silver.And the war in Iran continues to rage, increasing global uncertainty.Are these conditions that will send the price of the precious metals back to new highs?Precious metals expert Andy Schectman, CEO of Miles Franklin, returns to provide his latest update and take audience Q&A.#goldprice #silverprice #preciousmetals_____________________________________________Thoughtful Money LLC is a Registered Investment Advisor Promoter.We produce educational content geared for the individual investor. It's important to note that this content is NOT investment advice, individual or otherwise, nor should be construed as such.We recommend that most investors, especially if inexperienced, should consider benefiting from the direction and guidance of a qualified financial advisor registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) or state securities regulators who can develop & implement a personalized financial plan based on a customer's unique goals, needs & risk tolerance.IMPORTANT NOTE: There are risks associated with investing in securities.Investing in stocks, bonds, exchange traded funds, mutual funds, money market funds, and other types of securities involve risk of loss. Loss of principal is possible. Some high risk investments may use leverage, which will accentuate gains & losses. Foreign investing involves special risks, including a greater volatility and political, economic and currency risks and differences in accounting methods.A security's or a firm's past investment performance is not a guarantee or predictor of future investment performance.Thoughtful Money and the Thoughtful Money logo are trademarks of Thoughtful Money LLC.Copyright © 2026 Thoughtful Money LLC. All rights reserved.

Lipids remain central to cardiovascular prevention. The 2026 ACC/AHA Dyslipidemia Guideline introduces several important shifts:   • PREVENT equations replace older ASCVD risk calculators • Lipoprotein(a) measurement recommended at least once in all adults • ApoB helps identify residual lipoprotein risk • Coronary artery calcium scoring refines treatment decisions • LDL-C targets return, with

News On he Flipside Trump all over the place Iran Venezuela Russa lower sanctions on fuel . fuel prices climbing lets see if we can bring all together as one Trump thought ? Russia says Iran strikes are just the beginning in ominous warning to NATO nation China splits with Iran's new leaders A 1,300-pound NASA satellite just uncontrollably crashed into Earth. Where did it land? Who is Ali Jafari, the mastermind who made Iran's defeat impossible? Governor declares emergency as catastrophic storm threatens entire state: 'It's going to be rough' Scientists studied a coffin that fell from the sky, what they discovered inside is perfectly preserved US KC-130 tanker plane loaded with alarming amount of bombs Explainer-Why haven't the Houthis, Iran's allies in Yemen, stepped into the war? Watch what happened after we detonated a nuclear bomb in space Special forces base struck by swarm of drones amid fears Russia is helping Iran Iran's attacks on oil tankers intensify as new Supreme Leader issues 1st statement Theoretical physicist accuses NASA of 'blurring' moon photos to hide evidence of 'non-human tech' Zelenskyy offers countries assistance to combat Iranian drones he says Russia uses against Ukraine Panicking EU rushes to talks with Tehran over Strait of Hormuz as oil prices explode Scientists Uncover a Quantum Secret That Could Change Space Travel Forever The Nazis may have reverse engineered a crashed UFO NATO-partner Serbia admits buying Chinese missiles after photos leaked 2 planets collide 11,000 light-years from Earth in rare sight 15 declassified documents we promise aren't made up Aliens may have been trying to contact Earth for years, scientists claim — here's why they're not getting through

In this episode of Mind Pump, Sal, Adam, and Justin break down why cutting body fat isn't always the best strategy; especially for women already around 22% body fat, and explain why building muscle often produces a leaner, healthier physique. They discuss the physiological effects of dieting too lean, including hormonal disruptions, reduced metabolism, and performance declines. The conversation also explores strength gains, muscle memory, recovery, sleep optimization, and the surprising cognitive benefits of creatine. Later, the hosts highlight the impact of good coaching and education in the fitness industry while sharing stories from clients seeing life-changing results. In the listener Q&A, they help callers with physique competition prep, weight-loss plateaus, strength programming, postpartum training, and balancing fitness with a newborn. The episode wraps with practical advice on building muscle, improving metabolism, and creating sustainable long-term fitness habits. March Sale !  The Spring Bundle: Symmetry ($187), Prime ($107), Advanced Training Techniques Guide ($47) all for $147 (over 50% off) ⇨⇨go to mapsmarch.com Get KION AMINOS !  ⇨⇨go to getkion.com/mindpump 20% off, No code needed automatically applied at check out! Crisp Power Protein Pretzels !  ⇨⇨go to https://crisppower.com/ use code MINDPUMP10 for 10% OFF JOOVV RED LIGHT PANELS ! ⇨⇨go to joovv.com/mindpump Code "Mindpump" to get $50 off your first purchase (00:00) Intro (02:06) Why Women Shouldn't Cut Below ~22% Body Fat (07:46) Build Muscle Instead of Chasing Lower Body Fat (10:45) Reverse Dieting Example and Coaching Mistakes (18:29) Social Media's Unrealistic Fitness Standards (26:00) Creatine Benefits for Brain and Sleep Deprivation (32:24) Myostatin Peptides and the Future of Muscle Growth (38:08) Sedentary Lifestyle vs Physical Labor and Recovery (43:03) Coaching Success Stories and Trainer Development (50:06) AI Content and Social Media Authenticity (01:08:46) Caller 1: Program Advice for a Physique Competitor (01:20:07) Caller 2: Weight Loss Plateau and Reverse Dieting (01:29:03) Caller 3: Strength Training and GLP-1 Considerations (01:38:18) Caller 4: Training with a Newborn and Home Gym Setup  

In this episode of Mottek of Money, we're discussing the impact of the ongoing conflict in the Middle East on California's economy. Joining us is Jodie Muller, President and CEO of the Western States Petroleum Association, who shares her insights on the current situation. We'll dive into the effects of the conflict on gas prices, the state's oil production, and the importance of the oil industry in California's economy. We'll also explore the recent developments in the state's policies and their potential impact on the industry.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Epidemiological studies confirm that whole food plant-based diets lower cancer risk, improve longevity, and reduce cancer-related deaths. #PlantBasedDiet #CancerPrevention #Epidemiology #LongLife

Learn how to fix your pain with our “Centralization Process” here! https://rebrand.ly/ytpainfreeSubmit an application to work with us 1:1 and learn how to fix your low back! ⁠www.therehabfix.com/low-back-program⁠To view hundreds of free low back videos please follow us on instagram at @rehabfix ⁠www.instagram.com/rehabfix⁠If you wake up every morning with a stiff, painful lower back and it takes a few minutes to stand up straight, it could be a sign of a spinal disc herniation.Most people assume they just slept wrong or need to stretch their back immediately. But when your pain is worst right after waking up, it's often one of the most common signs of a disc herniation or irritated spinal nerve. While you sleep, your spinal discs rehydrate and swell because gravity is removed from the spine overnight. That extra fluid increases pressure inside the disc, which can push further into an injured area and irritate nearby nerves, making your back feel much worse in the morning. In this episode, I'll show you a much smarter way to handle morning disc pain:

From Wall Street to Main Street, the latest on the markets and what it means for your money. Updated regularly on weekdays, featuring CNBC expert analysis and sound from top business newsmakers. Anchored and reported by CNBC's Jessica Ettinger. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See https://pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

From Wall Street to Main Street, the latest on the markets and what it means for your money. Updated regularly on weekdays, featuring CNBC expert analysis and sound from top business newsmakers. Anchored and reported by CNBC's Jessica Ettinger. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See https://pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

From Wall Street to Main Street, the latest on the markets and what it means for your money. Updated regularly on weekdays, featuring CNBC expert analysis and sound from top business newsmakers. Anchored and reported by CNBC's Jessica Ettinger. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See https://pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Apple is reducing the digital transaction fees it charges software developers in its China App Store. The tech giant announced the change on Friday, a decision made following communications with Chinese regulatory authorities.

Gaydos tells Bruce his master plan idea to lower gas prices in Arizona.

Are you struggling with a panic hangover? If you've survived a sympathetic nervous system surge, you are likely experiencing an adrenaline crash that leaves you feeling "weird," exhausted, and emotionally drained. This is post-panic recovery, and today we clear the brain fog to get your day back on track.In this episode of Calming Anxiety, we use the science-backed 5-4-3-2-1 sensory grounding technique to stop dissociation and anchor you in the present. We also address the physical symptoms of air hunger by balancing your carbon dioxide levels through mindful respiration.Inside this session:The 5-4-3-2-1 Reset: A sensory guide to stop the "weird" feeling and return to the room.Affirmations for Adrenal Health: Rewire your neuro-pathways to move from 'fight or flight' toward peace.The Hormonal Link: Why women aged 20–50 should track PMS and ovulation as triggers for anxiety spikes.Recovery Tips: Why electrolytes and a 20-minute grace period are essential for your prefrontal cortex after a surge.Lower your anxiety threshold today.RESOURCES:Master your panic recovery. Join the Anxiety Circuit Breaker course at:

Send us a text if you want to be on the Podcast & explain why!If you've ever said “I'm training quads” and assumed that meant one muscle, this one will sharpen your coaching brain fast. We're leaning into more video-supported teaching because anatomy and biomechanics click when you can see what we're describing, especially around the hips, knees, and feet.We break down lower body anatomy for lifters, coaches, and personal trainers who want clearer cues and better exercise choices. You'll get a clean, practical tour of the quadriceps (yes, all four muscles), why the rectus femoris is the only biarticulate quad, and why the popular VMO “isolation” idea on leg extensions does not hold up the way people claim. Then we move to the hamstrings you can actually palpate, explain what it means to cross two joints, and show how foot position on leg curls can bias medial hamstrings versus biceps femoris.From there we connect the dots through adductors, glutes, and calves, using simple landmarks and memorable cues like the “belt buckle” for posterior pelvic tilt and glute control. We also clear up sarcopenia vs atrophy so you stop mixing up aging-related muscle loss with injury-driven muscle shrink, because that confusion leads to sloppy training advice. Along the way we hit the Achilles tendon, the calcaneus, and even the sartorius, the longest muscle in the body, to round out a true hips-to-toes mental map.If you want better results from strength training and better explanations for your clients, press play, then subscribe, share this with a training partner, and leave a review. What lower body muscle do you want us to break down next?Because the SUF CPT exam is conducted verbally, this episode focuses on helping you explain the muscles clearly and confidently, just like you would during the test.You'll learn the muscles of the glutes, hips, thighs, and lower leg, along with simple ways to remember their actions and roles in training.Perfect for:SUF CPT candidatesNew personal trainersCoaches improving anatomy knowledgeAnyone studying lower body functional anatomyInterested in becoming a personal trainer and those who are changing careers into personal training.SUF CPT is the fastest growing personal training certification with elite partnerships at Life Time Fitness and Equinox.Want to become a SUCCESSFUL personal trainer? SUF-CPT is the FASTEST growing personal training certification in the world! Want to ask us a question? Email info@showupfitness.com with the subject line PODCAST QUESTION to get your question answered live on the show! Website: https://www.showupfitness.com/Become a Successful Personal Trainer Book Vol. 2 (Amazon): https://a.co/d/1aoRnqANASM / ACE / ISSA study guide: https://www.showupfitness.com

Cristina and Cheryl also discuss Cristina's new GLOW framework: Grow gut diversity, Lower inflammation, Optimize energy, and Work with your body compassionately. The conversation also covers gut health, the risks of overly restrictive diets, mindful eating, and how to aim for progress over perfection, even on flare days. Episode at a glance: 02:02 Diagnosis and Acceptance 05:25 Medications Plus Lifestyle 06:48 Why Cristina Became a Dietitian 13:59 GLOW Framework Explained 29:16 Defining Gut Health 36:10 Healing Your Food Relationship 38:20 Why Restriction Backfires 40:05 Mindful Treats and Less Stress 41:37 Sustainable Habits Over Time 43:01 Progress Over Perfection 43:49 Shifting Priorities with Illness 49:12 Living a Good Life with RA 51:43 Where to Find Cristina's Spanish Podcast Medical disclaimer:  All content found on Arthritis Life public channels was created for generalized informational purposes only. The content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Episode Sponsors Rheum to THRIVE, an online course and support program Cheryl created to help people with rheumatic disease go from overwhelmed, confused and alone to confident, supported and connected. See all the details and join the program or waitlist now!  Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

What if the most powerful thing you could do for your health today was also the simplest?In this episode, I sit down with Dr. Nikia Evans — physician, researcher, and human performance coach — to go beyond her chapter in the Handbook for Human Potential. Nikia is a dear friend and one of my most trusted health consultants. She is the person who introduced me to Function Health for comprehensive lab testing and Heart & Soil for ancestral nutrition — two tools now woven into my own daily practice.Nikia works with elite athletes, but her wisdom reaches far beyond sport. In this conversation, we talk about why walking is our first medicine, how cortisol quietly shapes your body composition, and what it really means to stop extracting from your body and start nourishing it.Her mentor once asked her a question that changed everything: Can your body trust you?This episode is for anyone who has ever felt like their body was failing them — and is ready to hear a different story.In this episode:•Why elite athletes are often less healthy than they appear — and what that means for all of us•The missing link most people skip: aerobic foundation and mitochondrial density•Why walking is your first medicine (and why it beats HIIT for most people, most of the time)•How walking regulates the nervous system, lymph flow, blood flow, and emotion•Nikia's personal walking practice during medical residency•What play really is — and how to find it even when you're exhausted•How cortisol works, why it rises when you fast, and what it does to belly fat•Why dieting and over-exercising can make it harder to lose weight•Function Health labs — why functional ranges change everything•The difference between expressive and compulsive exercise•Nikia's upcoming 12-week reset programhttp://itsthatgoodmedicine.com/medrxAbout Dr. Nikia Evans:Dr. Nikia Evans, MD, MS-APK, CSCS, is a physician, researcher, and human performance coach whose work sits at the intersection of performance, health, nervous system regulation, and long-horizon resilience. She has coached 500+ elite athletes across youth, collegiate, and professional levels.Follow her: @itsthatgoodmedicine | itsthatgoodmedicine.comGet the Book:Handbook for Human Potential: An Accessible Guide to Personal GrowthAvailable at chandrazas.com/handbook-for-human-potentialJoin the Newsletter:handbookforhumanpotential.comConnect with Chandra:chandrazas.com | @chandrazasPODCAST CHAPTER TIMESTAMPSPaste these directly into your podcast host's chapter field (Spotify, Apple Podcasts, Buzzsprout, etc.) or into the episode notes. Adjust ±10–15 seconds after final audio edit.0:00 Welcome to the Author Interview Series0:46 Meet Dr. Nikia Evans — Physician, Researcher & Human Performance Coach1:30 How Chandra & Nikia Know Each Other2:42 Performance vs. Health — Why Athletes Aren't Always Healthy4:00 Stress Is Stress — Athletes, Parents, Caregivers & the Nervous System5:30 The Missing Link: Aerobic Foundation & Mitochondrial Density6:13 The Short Answer: Walking Is Your First Medicine6:59 Why Walking Beats HIIT for Most People8:30 Walking & Lymph Flow, Blood Flow, Nervous System Regulation10:00 Nikia's Walking Practice During Medical Residency11:30 Walking Regulates Emotion — "It's the Moving of Emotion"13:07 Chandra's Relationship with Walking — Lymph, Energy & Mental Clarity13:52 Walking with Kids — Making Movement Playful15:25 What Is Play? Nikia's Definition — Unscripted, Adaptive, Novel17:00 Play Beyond Physical — Improv, Open Mics & Swing Dancing18:30 How to Lower the Bar to Start — "Just Go Outside"19:42 Play as an Emotional State — Cortisol & the Nervous System20:20 Science Always Catches Up to What the Body Already Knows22:14 Function Health Labs — Why Functional Ranges Change Everything24:26 Cortisol Deep Dive — What It Is, What It Does & Why It Matters26:00 Fasting, Cortisol & When Intermittent Fasting Becomes Too Much28:00 Cortisol & Body Composition — Why Belly Fat Is a Stress Response30:12 Why Dieting & Over-Exercising Can Make It Harder to Lose Weight31:37 Nikia's High-Protein Breakfast Strategy for Residency32:33 Readers Are Walking More — Real-World Impact of the Chapter33:37 Walking Never Gets Graduated Out Of34:05 Pedometers & Step Counts — How Many Steps Is Enough?35:09 Chandra's Sweet Spot — One Long Walk or Two Shorter Ones36:02 Nikia's Closing Message — "Can Your Body Trust You?"37:19 For the People Who Love to Push — Expressive vs. Compulsive Exercise39:35 The Difference Between Nourishing and Extractive Movement41:03 Nikia's Upcoming 12-Week Reset Program41:31 Closing Gratitude & How to Stay Connected42:37 Thank You & How to Get the BookSupport this podcast at — https://redcircle.com/the-chandra-zas-show/donations

From Wall Street to Main Street, the latest on the markets and what it means for your money. Updated regularly on weekdays, featuring CNBC expert analysis and sound from top business newsmakers. Anchored and reported by CNBC's Jessica Ettinger. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See https://pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

From Wall Street to Main Street, the latest on the markets and what it means for your money. Updated regularly on weekdays, featuring CNBC expert analysis and sound from top business newsmakers. Anchored and reported by CNBC's Jessica Ettinger. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See https://pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

From Wall Street to Main Street, the latest on the markets and what it means for your money. Updated regularly on weekdays, featuring CNBC expert analysis and sound from top business newsmakers. Anchored and reported by CNBC's Jessica Ettinger. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See https://pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Guest: Pete HeimRates slip into the High 5s as the “rate flip” loosens lock-in sellers, while cash buyers surge and affordability shifts across regions. We share practical buying strategies, explain the new FinCEN rule for entity cash deals, and outline spring selling moves that actually pay off.• New show cadence and focus on bigger real estate shifts• Mortgage rate dip and first “rate flip” in five years• Low inventory dynamics and millions re-entering the market• Why cash offers win and how to compete without cash• FinCEN reporting for LLC and Entity Purchases• Renting versus Buying by region and affordability data• Down payment assistance options including PHFA trade-offs• Spring prep that boosts ROI and pricing discipline• Wages rising faster than prices!!Thanks for watching the show every Thursday at 7 p.m ---Welcome to The Brad Weisman Show, where we dive into the world of real estate, real life, and everything in between with your host, Brad Weisman!

Our analysts Andrew Sheets and Martijn Rats discuss why a prolonged disruption of oil flow through the Strait of Hormuz would be unprecedented—and nearly impossible for the market to absorb.Read more insights from Morgan Stanley.----- Transcript -----Andrew Sheets: Welcome to Thoughts on the Market. I'm Andrew Sheets, Global Head of Fixed Income Research at Morgan Stanley.Martijn Rats: I'm Martijn Rats, Head of Commodity Research at Morgan Stanley.Andrew Sheets: Today on the program we're going to talk about why investors everywhere are tracking ships through the Strait of Hormuz.It's Wednesday, March 11th at 2pm in London.Andrew Sheets: Martijn, the oil market, which is often volatile, has been historically volatile over the last couple of weeks following renewed military conflict between the United States and Iran.Now, there are a lot of different angles to this, but the oil market is really at the center of the market's focus on this conflict. And so, I think before we get into the specifics, I think it's helpful to set some context. How big is the global oil market and where does the Persian Gulf, the Strait of Hormuz fit within that global picture?Martijn Rats: Yeah, so the global oil consumption is a little bit more than a 100 million barrels a day. But that splits in two parts. There is a pipeline market and there is a seaborne market. And when it comes to prices, the seaborne market is really where it's at. If you're sitting in China, you're buying oil from the Middle East, all of a sudden, it's not available. Sure, if there is a pipeline that goes from Canada into the United States, that doesn't really help you all that much.Andrew Sheets: So, it's the oil on the ships that really matters.Martijn Rats: It's the oil on ships that is the flexible part of the market that we can redirect to where the oil is needed. And that is also the market where prices are formed. The seaborne market is in the order of 60 million barrels a day. So, only a subset of the 100 [million]. Now relative to that 60 million barrel a day, the Strait of Hormuz flows about 20 [million]. So, the Strait of Hormuz is responsible for about a third of seaborne supply, which is, of course, very large and therefore, you know, very critical to the system.Andrew Sheets: And I think an important thing we should also discuss here, which we were just discussing earlier today on another call, is – this is a market that could be quite sensitive to actually quite small disruptions in oil. So, can you give just some sense of sensitivity? I mean, in normal times, what sort of disruptions, in terms of barrels of oil, kind of, move markets; get investors' attention?Martijn Rats: Yeah, look, this is part of why this situation is so unusual, and oil analysts really sort of struggle with this. Look normally, at relative to the 100 million barrels a day of consumption, we care about supply demand imbalances of a couple of 100,000 barrels a day. That becomes interesting.If that, increases to say 1 million barrel a day, over- or undersupplied, you can expect prices to move. You can expect them to move by meaningful amounts. We can write research; the clients can trade. You have a tradable idea in front of you. When that becomes 2 to 3 million barrels a day, either side, you have major historical market moving events.So, in [20]08-09, oil famously fell from over 100 [million] down to something like 30 [million], on the basis that the oil market was 2-2.5 million barrel day oversupplied for two quarters. In 2022, we all thought – this actually never happened, but we all thought that Russia was going to lose about 3 million barrel day of supply. And on that basis, just on the basis of the expectation alone, Brent went to $130 per barrel. So, 2-3 [million] either side you have historically large moves. Now we're talking about 20 [million].Andrew Sheets: And I think that's what's so striking. I mean, again, I think investors, people listening to this, they can do that arithmetic too. If this is a market where 2 to 3 million barrels a day have caused some of the largest moves that we've seen in history, something that's 20 [million] is exceptional. And I think it's also fair to say this type of closure of the Strait [of Hormuz] is something we haven't seen before.Martijn Rats: No, which also made it very hard to forecast, by the way. Because the historical track records did not point in that direction, and yet here we are. The historical track record – look, you can look at other major disruptions historically.The largest disruption in the history of the oil market is the Suez Crisis in the mid-1950s that took away about 10 percent of global oil consumption. This is easily double that. So really unusual. If you look at supply and demand shocks of this order of magnitude, you can think about COVID. In April 2020, for one month, at the peak of COVID, when we're all sitting at home. Nobody driving, nobody flying. Yeah, we lost very briefly 20 million barrels a day of demand. Now we're losing 20 million barrels a day of supply. So, look, the sign is flipped, but it's in the same order of magnitude. And yeah, these are unusual events that you wouldn't actually, sort of, forecast them that easily. But that is what is in front of us at the moment.Andrew Sheets: So, I think the next kind of logical question is if shipping remains disrupted, and I'd love for you to talk a little bit about, you know, you're sitting there with satellite maps on your screen tracking shipping, which is – a development. But, you know, what are the options that are available in the region, maybe globally to temporarily balance this supply and create some offset?Martijn Rats: Yeah. So, like of course when we have a big disruption like this one, of course the market is going to try to solve for this. There are a few blocks that we can work with. I'll run you through them one by one, including some of the numbers. But very quickly you arrive at the conclusion that this is; this puzzle – we can't really solve it.Like in 2022, the market was very stressed. We thought Russia was going to lose 3 million barrels a day of supply, but we could move things around in our supply demand model. Russia oil goes to China and India. Oil that they buy, we can get in Europe, we can move stuff around to kind of sort of solve a puzzle.This puzzle is very, very difficult to solve. So, through the Strait of Hormuz, 15 million barrels a day have crude, 5 million barrels a day of refined product, 20 million barrels a day in total. What can we do?Well, the biggest offset, is arguably the Saudi EastWest pipeline. Saudi Arabia has a pipeline that effectively allows it to ship oil to the Red Sea at the Port of Yanbu, where it can be evacuated on tankers there. That pipeline has a capacity of 7 million barrels a day. We think it was probably already flowing at something like 3 million barrels a day. So, there's probably an incremental 4 [million] that can become available through that. That's the biggest block, that we can see of workaround capacity, so to say.After that the numbers do get smaller. The UAE has a pipeline that goes through Fujairah that's also beyond the Strait of Hormuz. We think there is maybe 0.5 million barrel a day of capacity there. Then you're basically, sort of, done within the region, and you have to look globally for other sources of oil.If there are sanctions relief, maybe on Russian oil, you can find a 0.5 million barrel day there. Here, there and everywhere. 100,000 barrels a day, 200,000 barrels a day. But the numbers get…Andrew Sheets: It's still not… So, if you kind of put all of those, you know, kind of, almost in a best-case scenario relative to the 20 million that's getting disrupted.Martijn Rats: If you add another one or two from a massive SPR release, the fastest release from SPR…Andrew Sheets: That's the Strategic Petroleum Reserve.Martijn Rats: Yeah, exactly. Earlier today, we got an announcement, that the IEA is proposing to release 400 million barrels from Strategic Reserve across its member countries. That is a very large number. But – and that is important. But more important is how fast can it flow because the extraction rate from these tanks is not infinite. The fastest ever rate of SPR release is only 1.3 million barrels a day. Now, maybe the circumstances are so extraordinary, we can do better than that and we can get it to 2 [million]. But beyond that, you're really in very, very uncharted territory.So maybe in the region, work around sanctions relief, SPR release, we can probably find like 7 million barrels a day out of a problem that is 20 [million]. You're left with another 13 [million]. The 13 [million] is four times what we thought Russia would lose. So, you're left with this conclusion: Look, this really needs to come to an end.Andrew Sheets: And the other rebalancing mechanism, which again, you know, when we come back to markets and forecasting, this is obviously price. And, you know, you talk about this idea of demand destruction, which I think we could paraphrase as – the price is higher so people use less of it and then you can rebalance the market that way.But give us just a little sense of, you know, as you and your team are sitting there modeling, how do you think about, kind of, the price of oil? Where it would need to go to – to potentially rebalance this the other way.Martijn Rats: Yeah, that price is very high. So, what it's a[n] really interesting analysis to do is to look at the historical frequency distribution of inflation adjusted oil prices.You take 20 years of oil prices. You convert it all in money of the day, adjusted for inflation, and then simply plot the frequency distribution. What you get is not one single bell curve centered around the middle with some variation around the midpoint. You get, sort of, two partially overlapping bell curves.There is a slightly larger one, which is, sort of, the normal regime. Lower prices, 60, 70, 80 bucks. There's a lot of density there in the frequency distribution, that's where we are normally. What's interesting is that actually, if you go from there to higher prices, there are prices that are actually very rare in inflation adjusted terms.Like a [$] 100-110. In nominal terms, we might feel that that has happened. In inflation adjusted terms, these prices are extremely rare. They are way rarer than prices that live even further to the right. [$]130, 140.The oil market has this other regime of these very high prices. If you go back in history, when did those prices prevail? They always prevailed in periods where we asked the same question. What is the demand destruction price? And yeah, to erode demand by a somewhat meaningful quantity, yeah, you end up in that regime. These very high prices, like [$]130. And it's… It's not a gradual scale. You sort of at one point shoot through these levels and that's where you then end up.Andrew Sheets: It's quite, quite serious stuff.Martijn Rats: Well, yeah. Also, because we can casually say in the oil market, ‘Oh, demand erosion has to be the answer.' But we don't erode demand in isolation. Like, you know, diesel is trucking. Yeah, jet is flying. NAFTA is petrochemicals.Andrew Sheets: These are real core parts of economic activity.Martijn Rats: It's all GDP.Andrew Sheets: So maybe Martijn, in conclusion, let me give you a slightly different scenario. Let's say that the conflict goes on for another couple of weeks, but then there is a resolution. Traffic goes back to normal. Walk us through a little bit of what that would mean. You know, kind of how long does it take to get back to normal in a market like this?Martijn Rats: Yeah. So, if you say, weeks, I would say that is an uncomfortable period of time actually.Andrew Sheets: Feel free to use a slightly different scenario.Martijn Rats: If you say days. Let's say next week something happens, the whole thing comes soon to end. Look, then we will have logistical supply chain issues. But look, we can work through that.There is at the moment somewhat of an air pocket in the global oil supply chain. There should be oil tankers on their way to refineries for arrival in April and May that currently are not. So, we will have hiccups and things need to be rerouted and we draw on some inventories here or there, but… And that will keep commodity prices tense, I would imagine. The equity market will probably look through it.We'll have a month or six weeks, not more than two months, I would imagine of logistical issues to sort out. Look, of course, if that, you know, doesn't happen, then we're back in the scenario that we discussed. But yeah, look, that that's equally true. If it's short, we can sort of live with a disruption.Andrew Sheets: It's fair to say that this is a situation where days really matter, where weeks make a big difference.Martijn Rats: Oh, totally. Look, the oil industry has built in various, sort of, compensatory measures, I think. You know, inventories along the supply chains. But nothing of the scale that can work with this. I mean, this is truly yet another order of magnitude.Andrew Sheets: Martijn, thank you for taking the time to talk.Martijn Rats: My pleasure.Andrew Sheets: And thank you as always for your time. If you find Thoughts on the Market useful, let us know by leaving review wherever you listen. And also tell a friend or colleague about us today.Important note regarding economic sanctions. This report references jurisdictions which may be the subject of economic sanctions. Readers are solely responsible for ensuring that their investment activities are carried out in compliance with applicable laws.

Having high iron stores can increase cancer risk such that those randomized to donate blood experience a dramatic reduction in cancer death rates.

Happy 1st Friday Edition of the Program!! Twitter had itself a night last night with Maxx Crosby and Bam Adebayo. Now the Ravens are signing Trey Hendrickson. The CBJ with 2 crucial points in Tampa. Ryan Day talks Spring Football. Ohio State is spending money on their coaching staff. The NFL has to do something about Legal Tampering. ESPN's Jake Trotter, Former Buckeye Scoonie Penn, What's Up, Higher or Lower, Thing or Not a Thing, #HeyGuys, Your Officially Endorsed and 3 Things

Links & ResourcesFollow us on social media for updates: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Instagram⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ | ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠YouTube⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Check out our recommended tool: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Prop Stream⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Thank you for listening!

Why 87 Million Americans Are Ditching Traditional Employment (And How You Can Too) Summary Discover why millions of Americans are quitting their traditional 9-to-5 jobs and transitioning into lucrative side hustles in 2026. In this episode, Tracy Brinkmann dives into the top 8 side hustles open to digital entrepreneurs and online entrepreneurs, highlighting opportunities to make money online with six-figure income potentials. From AI automation services and experience-based consulting to digital products for beginners and specialized tutoring, learn proven marketing strategies and tips for entrepreneurs to build passive income and replace your day job. Tracy breaks down startup costs, realistic earnings, and practical email marketing tips to help you grow your email list and boost sales. Whether you're looking for side hustles for busy parents or innovative digital marketing tactics, this episode equips you with actionable advice and digital product ideas. Subscribe to the AI Escape Plan Newsletter for weekly insights and start your journey toward online entrepreneurship and financial freedom today. Key Timestamps 00:00 Opening  - The 2 AM bank account reality check 00:45 Episode Overview 01:50 The Foundation Shift 02:45 Carter Osborne Case Study 04:05 Side Hustle #1: AI Automation Services - $200/hour with zero coding experience 05:15 Side Hustle #2: Experience-Based Consulting - Package your expertise 06:00 Side Hustle #3: Digital Products - Create once sell forever 07:25 Side Hustle #4: Specialized Tutoring - Steven Menking's $1,000/hour strategy 08:20 Side Hustle #5: User-Generated Content - Kelly Rocklein's 6-figure UGC business 09:05 Side Hustle #6: Skilled Trades - AI-proof income up to $300/hour 10:35 Side Hustle #7: Content Creation & Podcasting - Anonymous income with AI tools 11:15 Side Hustle #8: Remote Healthcare Support - 70% growth opportunity 12:25 The Reality Check - Why most side hustles fail and what 2026 changes 13:30 The Bigger Picture - Death of industrial employment model 15:05 Whiskered Wisdom - Your specific action step for this week Key Insights & Strategies Shared The Economic Reality 95% of workers say income hasn't kept up with cost of living Global gig economy hit $674 billion in 2026 87 million Americans will be freelancing by 2027 (nearly half the workforce) One in four adults already runs a side business The Carter Osborne Blueprint Started tutoring as side hustle in 2017 Quit PR director job by 2024 to earn $220K working 10 hours/week Most income from digital products, not direct tutoring $37 Google Doc made $800 in first week The 8 High-Earning Opportunities 1. AI Automation Services $60-200/hour rates on Upwork/Fiverr Projects range $2,000-15,000 Startup cost: $117/month (ChatGPT Plus + HighLevel) Example: Austin wellness studio paid $400/month for 10-minute ChatGPT bot 2. Experience-Based Consulting $75-150/hour for specialized knowledge Focus on specificity (customer retention specialist vs. business consultant) Mid-to-late career professionals excel with battle-tested solutions 3. Digital Products 90% profit margins after fees E-learning market racing toward $370 billion by 2026 Earnings: $1,000-50,000 monthly depending on niche Sell transformation, not just information 4. Specialized Tutoring Market hit $10.4 billion in 2024, growing 14.5% annually Steven Menking: up to $1,000/hour private tutoring Platforms: iTalki ($30-60/hour), Preply, Wyzant Focus on specialization, not competing on price 5. User-Generated Content Kelly Rocklein: six-figure business while keeping corporate job $200-500 per video through Billo, Insense, #paid Social media management: $50/hour once ROI proven No massive following required 6. Skilled Trades AI-proof income streams Marisa Risden: $4,500/month via TaskRabbit/Thumbtack Independent contractors: up to $300/hour specialized work Recession-resistant demand 7. Content Creation & Podcasting Ginni Saraswati-Cook: $50K monthly, doubled yearly 2026 twist: Anonymous channels using AI tools ElevenLabs (voice), Runway (editing), ChatGPT (scripts) Top podcasters: $30K-100K through multiple streams 8. Remote Healthcare Support 70% year-over-year growth Medical coders: nearly $40/hour average Lower barrier to entry than expected Certification requires organization skills, not medical degree Resources Mentioned AI Automation Platforms ChatGPT Plus ($20/month) HighLevel ($97/month) Zapier (workflow automation) Make.com (no-code automation) Upwork & Fiverr (freelance marketplaces) Digital Product Platforms Teachable (course creation) Thinkific (online courses) Etsy (template marketplace) Shopify (e-commerce store) Gumroad (digital downloads) Tutoring Platforms iTalki (language learning) Preply (conversational practice) Wyzant (academic subjects) UGC & Social Media Billo (UGC platform) Insense (brand collaborations) #paid (influencer marketing) Skilled Trades TaskRabbit (home services) Thumbtack (local services) Content Creation Tools ElevenLabs (AI voice generation) Runway (video editing) ChatGPT (script writing) Action Steps to Take This Week's Specific Action Pick ONE of the eight side hustles and spend 30 minutes researching the first step: AI Automation: Sign up for ChatGPT Plus Consulting: Write down 3 specific problems you've solved in your current job Digital Products: Identify one thing you know that others struggle with Tutoring: Research rates in your expertise area on iTalki or Wyzant UGC: Create sample content and research brand collaboration platforms Skilled Trades: List your practical skills and research local demand Content Creation: Experiment with AI tools for anonymous content Healthcare Support: Research certification requirements in your area Financial Preparation Research quarterly estimated tax requirements for 1099 income Consider forming an LLC if scaling toward full-time Don't let tax considerations stop you from starting Mindset Shifts Required Security comes from diversification, not dependence Focus on solving real problems, not chasing trends Start with proof of concept before major investments Call To Action Ready to stop trading hours for dollars and start building income streams that work around your family schedule? Subscribe to the AI Escape Plan Newsletter - specifically designed for parents ready to break free from the 9-to-5 grind. Each issue delivers practical, AI-powered strategies to start, grow, and streamline side hustles, all designed to protect your family time while boosting your income. Your roadmap to more money, more freedom, and more of what truly matters. Visit: DarkHorseInsider.com   Key Quotes "The side hustle economy isn't a backup plan anymore - it's become the foundation of American work." "People pay for solutions to their problems, and you don't need thousands of subscribers to make money." "There are no prerequisites to starting a successful side hustle." "The side hustle economy is no longer coming. It's here. And it's waiting for you to claim your piece of it."

David reads Australian cicada names. Jon reviews War dot Gov. Support us on Patreon https://www.patreon.com/electionprofitmakers Send questions and comments to contact@electionprofitmakers.com Watch David's show DICKTOWN on Hulu http://bit.ly/dicktown Follow Jon on Bluesky http://bit.ly/bIuesky

Joe's Premium Subscription: www.standardgrain.comGrain Markets and Other Stuff Links —Apple PodcastsSpotifyTikTokYouTubeFutures and options trading involves risk of loss and is not suitable for everyone.

Timing your tax filing can mean serious savings on your monthly payments, especially if you're on an income-driven repayment (IDR) plan and aiming for forgiveness. We break down scenarios for when it makes sense to file right away, when to wait, and how married couples or borrowers with irregular income can play their cards for the biggest advantage. If you've ever wondered how your AGI or recertification date could influence your student loan bills, this episode gives you straightforward strategies you can use right now. Key moments: (07:48) Why when you file your tax return directly affects your IDR payment amount (10:59) Filing a tax extension is free, but if you owe taxes, you must pay by April 15 (18:13) When filing early (or on time) makes more sense than filing an extension (21:39) SAVE borrowers can lock in the ideal recertification date by switching plans between April 15 and October 15   Like the show? There are several ways you can help! Follow on Apple Podcasts, Spotify or Amazon Music Leave an honest review on Apple Podcasts  Subscribe to the newsletter Join SLP Insiders for student loan loopholes, SLP app and member community Feeling helpless when it comes to your student loans? Try our free student loan calculator Check out our refinancing bonuses we negotiated Book your custom student loan plan Get profession-specific financial planning Do you have a question about student loans? Leave us a voicemail here or email us at help@studentloanplanner.com and we might feature it in an upcoming show!  

In today's episode, we will begin Chapter 16 on Thoracic Corrections.  We will be covering adjustments on the knee chest table as well as the lower thoracic spine exclusively.

In this podcast, we have Joe Kondelis with the American Bear Foundation. He is a passionate black bear hunter, and has a lot of knowledge on Grizzlies as well. We dig in deep on the politics and questions about bears in the Lower 48.Are they Endangered?If not, what's the next step?Let us know what your thoughts areAlso, Joe teaches an online black bear master class, so if you are interested, make sure to check it out.https://360sportsman.org/blackbear

Listen to my Morning Monologue: I'm sharing my take on pressing issues, enlightening research on human behavior, answering questions I get by email, and my favorite, most instructive interactions with callers. Everything you'll hear is designed to help you become a better spouse, parent, family member, co-worker, friend, and human being. It's the free therapy you need!  Call 1-800-DR-LAURA / 1-800-375-2872 or make an appointment at DrLaura.com Follow me on social media: Facebook.com/DrLaura Instagram.com/DrLauraProgram YouTube.com/DrLaura Join My Family!! Receive my Weekly Newsletter + 20% off my Marriage 101 course & 25% off Merch! Sign up now, it's FREE! Each week you'll get new articles, featured emails from listeners, special event invitations, early access to my Dr. Laura Designs Store benefiting Children of Fallen Patriots, and MORE! Sign up at DrLaura.com Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

This could turn an average real estate deal into a home run, and it's nothing you can't do right now. Today, we're giving you seven tips to save thousands (if not tens of thousands) on your rental property expenses, so you keep more of your cash flow every month. Plus, we're announcing something new at BiggerPockets—something we specifically negotiated to save you hundreds, even thousands, of dollars on every rental you buy. We'll teach you how to close on your first (or next) rental property with less, get the seller to pay for your reserves or next repair, instantly save $250/year on landlord insurance, do top-tier renovations for budget prices, and save $10,000+ with just two phone calls. Want lower property taxes, too? We'll show you the completely legal (and surprisingly easy) way to get the city to charge you hundreds of dollars less per year. Get access to all the BiggerPockets Pro discounts by signing up today! In This Episode We Cover The rule of thumb that has saved Dave and Henry $10,000+ during renovations  How to immediately get $1,000+ off your closing costs on your next investment property  Why you always (especially now) ask sellers for a credit/assist at closing  Do not let your general contractor buy the materials (rookie mistake)  How Dave gets his property taxes lowered by hundreds of dollars with one phone call  And So Much More! Check out more resources from this show on ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠BiggerPockets.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ and ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠h⁠ttps://www.biggerpockets.com/blog/real-estate-1246⁠ Interested in learning more about today's sponsors or becoming a BiggerPockets partner yourself? Email ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠advertise@biggerpockets.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices