Podcasts about industrial research organisation

How Can Coral IVF Fight Coral Bleaching?As ocean temperatures increase due to climate change, an emergent crisis known as coral bleaching is on the rise. Coral bleaching poses the largest threat to coral reefs, which are some of the most diverse ecosystems in the world. Coral reef habitats occupy less than one percent of the ocean floor, but constitute more than 25% of all marine life, providing habitats for a vast array of species from small organisms to large fish and sharks. Additionally, biodiverse reefs provide a variety of economic benefits, supporting jobs, tourism, and fisheries. Reefs also protect lives and property in coastal areas, absorbing 97% of a wave's energy while buffering against currents, waves, and storms.However, when ocean temperatures rise, corals become stressed and expel the marine algae living inside their tissues, known as zooxanthellae. Typically, coral live synergistically with zooxanthellae, meaning the algae provide food for the coral while the algae use the coral as shelter. Due to stress, corals expel zooxanthellae, causing them to become a white skeleton. If the temperatures remain high, the coral won't allow the algae back and the coral will die. Once corals die, reefs rarely come back. As climate change progresses with its warming trend, corals endure greater stress, and experience longer and more intense bleaching events. Between 2014 and 2017, 30% of the world's reefs experienced heat-stress leading to coral bleaching. In 2005, the US lost half of its coral reefs in the Caribbean in one year due to a massive bleaching event. Fortunately, marine biologists have been working on a new strategy to restore damaged coral reefs, known as Coral IVF (in vitro fertilization), which entails taking healthy coral eggs and sperm, crossing them in a supervised pool, and returning the mature coral to a damaged coral reef. Importantly, IVF coral are often bred to be resilient to heat-induced bleaching, making Coral IVF a successful strategy in fortifying reefs against bleaching.What exactly is Coral IVF?Coral IVF begins with biologists collecting spawn, or coral eggs and sperm, from heat-tolerant corals that have survived coral bleaching events. With these spawn, biologists can rear millions of baby corals in tanks and coral nursery pools before repopulating damaged reefs for restoration. So far, coral IVF has proven successful. The Great Barrier Reef (GBR) Foundation planted 22 large colonies of new baby corals off Heron Island in 2016. Four years later, the researchers found that the corals had survived a bleaching event and grown to maturity. The next year, the corals had reproduced and spawned babies of their own. In 2016, 81% of the northernmost section of the GBR was severely bleached, including mass bleaching in other sections. The GBR provides an estimated economic value of $56 billion, including 64,000 jobs stemming from the reef. Losing the reef would be a major economic loss for Australia, which has already lost 50% of its coral since 1995. With coral IVF, there is hope for an eventual repopulation of the reef with healthy corals. Beyond the GBR, coral IVF is taking place in reefs across the US, Mexico, and the Caribbean. Approximately 90% of IVF-created corals survived 2023's heat wave, holding on to the algae that sustain them.The Advantages of Coral BreedingCoral IVF not only mitigates short term reef loss, but also strengthens reefs in the long term. One study revealed that corals in the GBR that survived bleaching in 2016 had twice the average heat tolerance the following year. Research reveals that corals can pass on their adaptive strategies to their offspring. Experiments also reveal that heat-adapted corals can thrive in new environments and be an important source of reef regeneration globally. This technique can therefore be applied to any coral population. Further, the IVF process also can be done quickly, allowing scientists to respond to coral damage in an emergency.Climate change poses an insurmountable riskUnfortunately, climate change still poses a threat to IVF created coral reefs. By 2049, annual bleaching events will become the norm in the tropics. Research reveals that as global temperatures rise, coral will become less tolerant to heat related stress. In Australia, there has been a massive bleaching event every other year for six years. Due to the frequency of such events, coral's ability to reproduce is compromised for a number of years. As global emissions continue to rise, temperatures will continue to rise, inducing further heat-related stress. Eventually, coral may not be able to live in excessively hot ocean waters. Coral IVF is an effective strategy to prepare corals for future temperatures, but likely only up to a certain point.About our guestDr. Saskia Jurriaans is a marine scientist working on the Reef Restoration and Adaptation Program, a multi-organizational partnership between the Australian Institute Of Marine Science, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, and others. On her team, she optimizes coral breeding techniques, as well as developing asexual coral reproduction methods to support the Great Barrier Reef.ResourcesAustralian Marine Conservation Society, What is Coral Bleaching?Coral Guardian, Why are coral reefs so important?Coral Reef Alliance, Biodiversity of Coral ReefsGreat Barrier Reef Foundation, What is Coral IVF?NOAA, Get Involved with the NOAA Coral Reef WatchFurther ReadingNOAA, Why are coral reefs important?Time, The Great Barrier Reef Is Being Depleted by Pollution and Climate Change. Could ‘Coral IVF' Save It?The Guardian, The Great Barrier Reef: a catastrophe laid bareThe Guardian, Why there is hope that the world's coral reefs can be savedThe Guardian, Scientists' experiment is ‘beacon of hope' for coral reefs on brink of global collapseFor a transcript, please visit https://climatebreak.org/breeding-heat-resilient-coral-to-restore-at-risk-coral-reefs-with-dr-saskia-jurriaans/.

SBS Portuguese conversou com Paulo Borges, Cientista pesquisador principal na área de IA e robótica, para a CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation), sobre os avanços da tecnologia de inteligência artificial e onde ela estará mais presente no nosso cotidiano. Também falamos com o professor Luciano Vieira de Araujo, da USP, e o seu projeto de uso de IA para agilizar o sistema jurídico brasileiro e o interesse de organizações australianas nesta pesquisa. Ambos os profissionais participaram dos debates do Brazil Week 2024.

Over four decades ago the American author and futurist, John Naisbitt, captured the public imagination with his book Megatrends: Ten New Directions Transforming Our Lives. Since that time, the concept has been widely adopted by researchers, consultants, private enterprises and governments to explore long-term futures across a diverse range of regions, industries and socioeconomic domains. Yet what are megatrends? And how can we better understand their significance and impact?To explore this I am delighted to be joined on Brain for Business by Dr Claire Naughtin.Dr Claire Naughtin is a Principal Research Consultant at Data61 – part of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation or CSIRO, an Australian Government agency responsible for scientific research. Claire leads Data61's Digital Futures team and specialises in future-focused, strategic projects and has worked across a diverse range of policy and industry domains, including the future of trade, employment, healthcare and emerging technology and industry development opportunities. Among her most recent work, Claire co-led the delivery of CSIRO's Our Future World report – a once-in-a-decade report that identified seven emerging megatrends that will shape the next 20 years for Australia. Claire is passionate about bridging the gap between research and the real world and equipping leaders with a data-informed narrative of the future to help guide long-term decision-making. As part of this, Claire delivers strategic foresight training and workshops to help organisations build resilience to uncertain futures and publishes her research in scientific and industry journals. You can find out more about Claire and her work on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/claire-naughtin/The “Our Future World” report can be accessed online: https://www.csiro.au/en/research/technology-space/data/Our-Future-WorldFurther information about Data61 and the CSIRO is available here: https://www.csiro.au/en/about/people/business-units/data61 Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Foundations of Amateur Radio Today I'm going to spend a little longer with you than usual, but then, I think this is important and it's good to end the year on a bang. Have you ever attempted to make contact with a specific DXCC entity and spent some time exploring the band plan to discover what the best frequency might be to achieve that? If you got right into it, you might have gone so far as to attempt to locate the band plan that applies to your particular target. If you have, what I'm about to discuss will not come as a surprise. If not, strap yourself in. When you get your license you're hopefully presented with a current band plan that is relevant to your license conditions. It shows what frequencies are available to you, which modes you can use where, and what power levels and bandwidth are permitted. It should also show you if you're the primary user or not on a particular band. If you're not sure what that means, some frequency ranges are allocated to multiple users and amateur radio as one such user is expected to share. If you're a primary user you have priority, but if you're not, you need to give way to other traffic. It should come as no surprise that this is heavily regulated but as a surprise to some, it changes regularly. Across the world, frequency allocation is coordinated by the International Telecommunications Union, the ITU, and specifically for amateur radio, by the International Amateur Radio Union, the IARU. It coordinates frequencies with each peak amateur radio body. The ITU divides the world into three regions, Region 1, 2 and 3, each with its own band plan. Within each region, a country has the ability to allocate frequencies as it sees fit - presumably as long as it complies with the ITU requirements. As a result, there's not one single picture of how frequencies are allocated. And this is where the fun starts. In Australia there's an official legislated band plan, cunningly titled F2021L00617. It contains the frequencies for all the radio spectrum users as well as a column for each ITU region. The document is 200 pages long, and comes with an astounding array of footnotes and exclusions. It's dated 21 May 2021. There's a simplified version published by the Wireless Institute of Australia, which comes as a 32 page PDF. It was last updated in September 2020. When I say "simplified", I'm of course kidding. It doesn't include the 60m band which according to the regulator is actually an amateur band today. The 13cm band according to the WIA shows a gap between 2302 and 2400, where the regulator shows it as a continuous allocation between 2300 and 2450 MHz. The point being, who's right? What can you actually use? Oh, the WIA does have a different page that shows that 6m "has had some additions", but they haven't bothered to update their actual band plan. To make life easier, the regulator includes helpful footnotes like "AUS87". This is particularly useful if you want to search their PDF to determine what this actually says, since it only appears 156 times and it's not a link within the document. In case you're curious, it's related to three radio astronomy facilities operated by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, better known as the CSIRO, two by the University of Tasmania and one by the Canberra Deep Space Network. Interestingly the Australian Square Kilometer Array and the Murchison Widefield Array don't feature in those particular exclusions, they're covered by footnote AUS103. If that wasn't enough. The regulator has no time for specific amateur use. You can find the word Amateur 204 times but there's no differentiation between the different classes of license which means that you need to go back to the WIA document to figure out which license class is allowed where, which of course means that you end up in no-mans land if you want to discover who is permitted to transmit on 2350 MHz. If we look further afield, in the USA the ARRL publishes half a dozen different versions, each with different colours, since black and white, grey scale, colour and web-colour are all important attributes to differentiate an official document. Of course, those versions are now all six years out of date, having been revised on the 22nd of September 2017. The most recent version, in a completely different format, only in one colour, has all the relevant information. It shows a revised date of 10 February 2023, that or, 2 October 2023 because of course nobody outside the US is ever going to want to refer to that document - seeing as there's only amateurs in the USA, well at least according to the ARRL. Interestingly the US Department of Commerce, the National Telecommunications and Information Administration, Office of Spectrum Management publishes a colourful chart showing the radio spectrum between 3 kHz and 300 GHz. You can't use it as a technical document, but it's pretty on a wall to amaze your non-amateur friends. The FCC has a band plan page, but I couldn't discover how to actually get amateur relevant information from it. If you think that's bad, you haven't seen anything yet. The British are special. The RSGB publishes a variety of versions, each worse than the next. It appears that their system creates a single HTML page for each band, their 32 page PDF is a print out of that and their interactive viewer wraps all that into some proprietary system that makes using it an abysmal experience. Fortunately, they also link to a band plan made by the regulator, presented as a five page PDF which is much more concise and has the helpful heading: "The following band plan is largely based on that agreed at IARU Region 1 General Conferences, with some local differences on frequencies above 430MHz." Unfortunately it doesn't specify which particular General Conferences apply, but it does helpfully tell us that it's effective from the first of January 2023, unless otherwise shown. That said, 2023 only appears in the headers and footers and 2024 doesn't appear, so who knows what date exceptions exist. One point of difference is that the RSGB also publishes their band plan as an Excel Workbook. This might start your heart beating a little faster with visions of data entry, sorting, filtering and other such goodies, like figuring out which frequency to use for a particular mode. Unfortunately the authors have used Excel as a tool for making tables like you'd see in a word processing document. Start and Stop frequencies in the same cell, random use of MHz, spacing between bandwidth and frequencies and descriptions intermingled. In other words, this is not an Excel Workbook and it does not contain information in any usable form, unless you want to do some free text searching across the 32 worksheets - what is it with 32 anyway? Perhaps this is their authoring tool and they save as HTML from within Excel or print to PDF. Who knows? One point that the British do get right is version control. You can see specifically what change was introduced when. For example, on the 6th of March 2009 the 17m QRP frequency was corrected to 18086 kHz. Mind you, there's several pages of updates, helpfully scattered across multiple worksheets. Yes, they're really using Excel as a word processor. Before I dig into any other countries, I should mention the United Nations Amateur Radio peak body, the IARU, presumably a model that countries should aspire to. The IARU has links to three different sets of band plans. Region 1 breaks the band plan into HF and higher frequencies and the higher frequencies are broken into notional bands, each with their own PDF. Regions 2 and 3 each provide a single PDF, but the Region 3 document is hosted on the Region 2 website. Region 1 documents contain a revision and an active date as well as an author. Region 2 and 3 documents contain a date and are formatted completely differently. In Germany the DARC attempts to link to the IARU-Region 1 band plan, but the link is pointing at a non-existent page. In the Netherlands, VERON points at a 2016 edition of the IARU-Region 1 HF band plan and the current Region 1 mixed band plan for higher frequencies. In Canada the RAC points at a HTML page for each band and presents all the HF frequencies as a single image, yes an image. All the other bands are essentially text describing how to use a particular band. The HF image states that it applies from the first of June 2023, the rest of the pages carry various dates that conflict with each other. For example, the 2m band states on the landing page that it was updated on the 23rd of September 1995, but the page itself refers to a new 2m band plan that was approved in October of 2020. The linked band plan contains all the credit, who is responsible for the plan, naming the entire committee, adding notes and requesting donations, straight from the RAC newsletter, page 36 and 37 of the November / December 2020 edition, rather than providing a stand-alone technical document. Let's hop back across the Atlantic and see what else we can learn. In Switzerland things are a little different. Its regulator publishes a frequency allocation plan that is a thing of beauty. It presents as a table on a web page, but it has a search box you can use to filter the frequencies that you're interested in. So if you use the word "amateur", you end up seeing the whole amateur radio spectrum as it exists within the borders of Switzerland. You can also set frequency ranges and as a bonus, if you type in 1 MHz and change the unit to kHz, it actually changes the number to 1000. As I said, a thing of beauty. Oh, and the footnotes? Yeah, they're links and they open a new window with the relevant information, and you can keep clicking deeper and deeper until you get to the actual legislation driving that particular entry. If that's not fancy enough for you, from within the search, you can download an offline HTML copy, you can pick services, rather than use search terms, and the PDF version, because of course there is one, actually has the same active links to footnotes. That said, it has some idiosyncrasies. It specifies when amateur radio is the primary or the secondary user of a band, except when it doesn't. I presume that this is a regulatory thing and that it's a shared resource, but as an outsider I'm not familiar with Swiss law, but if I was inclined, I could become familiar, since the documents are all written in multiple languages, including English. Another oddity is that some frequencies show no text at all, but I presume that's a bug, rather than by design. Speaking of bugs, or features, depending on your perspective. Consider the frequency 2300 MHz. Every single document I looked at mixes up how this is shown. Some have a space between the number and the unit, some don't. Some countries put a space between the 2 and the 3, some a dot, some a comma, the Swiss use an apostrophe. Just so we're clear, these are technical documents we're talking about. They're not literary works, there are standards for how to do this, but it seems that the people writing these documents are blissfully unaware of any such references. Even the IARU cannot agree on how to represent the same number, let alone use the same formatting for the same band plan in each of its three regions. At this point you might come to the conclusion that this is all an abhorrent mess and I'd agree with you. In my opinion, it goes directly to how important our hobby is in the scheme of things and just how little funding is allocated to our activities. It also shows that there are contradictory sources of truth and not a single unified view on how to present this information to the global amateur community. In case you're wondering why that matters, electromagnetism doesn't stop at the political boundaries of the location where we might find ourselves and if that doesn't matter to you, consider again how you'd best talk to an amateur of any given DXCC entity and on what particular frequency you might achieve that. So, aside from whinging about it, what can you do about this? I have started a project, of course I have, that attempts to document two things, well, three. First of all I use the WIA version of the DXCC list - since the ARRL doesn't actually publish that for free anywhere - and use that to track a list of hopefully official frequency allocation documents. I'm also in the process of capturing the content of each of those documents into a database, so we can all figure out what the best frequency is to talk to another country. I'm still in the design stages for the database, for example, do we want to store a frequency in Hertz, in kHz, or pick a magnitude and store a number? Each of these choices has long term implications for using the tool. Then there's things like discovering which band plan applies to Scarborough Reef, the San Felix Islands and Pratas Island to name a few, since I've really only scratched the surface with the plans I've explored. I had visions of putting this on GitHub, but perhaps this should be part of the Wikipedia collection and it should live there. I'm still considering the best plan of attack. In the meantime, you can help. Please send an email to cq@vk6flab.com with the official band plan link for your own DXCC entity, and if you have thoughts on how best to structure the database or where this project should live, let me know. For example, should the database include just band plans, or should we also include things like modes. For example, the official VK calling frequency for 40m is 7.093 MHz. Should that be in the database and should we include the preferred Olivia calling frequency? While looking at that, consider the band labels we use. Australia doesn't have a 75m band, but others do. Some countries refer to the 4mm band, others refer to it by frequency. So, over to you. Let me know what you think. I'll leave you with a quote by Daren 2E0LXY: "It is not the class of licence the Amateur holds but the class of the Amateur that holds the licence." I'm Onno VK6FLAB

Maxime Fern and Michael Johnstone are life and working partners, based in Sydney and Canberra, Australia, where they started their consulting practice (Vantage Point Consulting) in 1988. They have worked as leadership consultants, facilitators, and coaches with clients in the public and private sectors, not-for-profits, and professional service firms for forty years. They were visiting faculty at the Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University for fifteen years, are on the Faculty Advisory Board of the global Adaptive Leadership Network (Washington, D.C.), and are members of the Inaugural Faculty for the Australian Adaptive Leadership Institute. Before starting Vantage Point, Maxime was a development officer for the Australian Public Service, a social health visitor in a low-income neighborhood, and a counseling psychologist for the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. She is an Australian National University (Psychology and Politics) graduate with a Master of Educational Counselling from Canberra. Maxime can be found in her gardens, and she practices her Italian on Duolingo in her spare time.Michael trained as a youth worker and has worked as a town and regional planner, social researcher, and university lecturer in Human Geography and Sociology - and for a while, was a dairy farmer on a kibbutz in Israel. He holds a BA from Auckland University, a Master of Social Science (cum laude) from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and a Ph.D. from the Australian National University. In his spare time, he likes to read, cook, watch movies, and work in the gym.They have three children and eight grandchildren and live in Sydney and Lazio, Italy, north of Rome.Quote From This Episode"We wanted to expand people's capacity to think about provocation as something productive, something worthwhile, and that, for leaders, something essential."Resources Mentioned in This EpisodeBook: Provocation as Leadership - A Roadmap for Adaptation and Change by Fern and JohnstoneBook: The Social Brain: The Psychology of Successful Groups by Camilleri, Rockey, and DunbarBook: Musk by Isaacson About The International Leadership Association (ILA)The ILA was created in 1999 to bring together professionals interested in studying, practicing, and teaching leadership. Plan for ILA's 26th Global Conference in Chicago, IL - November 7-10, 2024.About The Boler College of Business at John Carroll UniversityBoler offers four MBA programs – 1 Year Flexible, Hybrid, Online, and Professional. Each track offers flexible timelines and various class structure options (online, in-person, hybrid, asynchronous). Boler's tech core and international study tour opportunities set these MBA programs apart. Rankings highlighted in the intro are taken from CEO Magazine.About  Scott J. AllenWebsiteWeekly Newsletter: The Leader's EdgeMy Approach to HostingThe views of my guests do not constitute "truth." Nor do they reflect my personal views in some instances. However, they are views to consider, and I hope they help you clarify your perspective. Nothing can replace your reflection, research, and exploration of the topic.

This week Grace, James and Rob gather around the microphones to cover AI Hallucination, protecting renters from the housing crisis, and an anti-fascist counter-protest which pushed Nazis away from a recent Drag Expo.  The trio revisit a conversation with Dr Sarah Bentley, research scientist at Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, where they discussed the concept of AI Hallucination, how it's not AI hallucinating as a human does, but rather the assumption of information. Grace then spoke to Maiy Azize, a spokesperson from Everybody's Home, about the recent National Cabinet meeting on the housing crisis and if it will bring any meaningful change for renters. Finally, Rob interviewed Primrose, who attended an anti-fascist counter-protest which forced anti-Trans bigots away from disrupting last weekend's Drag Expo. Songs played:  'Life goes on' - King Stingray'When it rains it pours' - Thelma Plum'GuriNgai girl (pHinioUS remix)' - Charlie Needs Braces'Hide and seek' - Bumpy  

Koalas are a national icon to Australia, but the marsupials are often hard to identify in their natural habitat. Scientists have launched a national plan that will involve drone and infrared technology to help preserve the endangered species. The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation's National Koala Monitoring Program also relies on community involvement and First Nations partnerships.

In this episode, we will explore the role of AI and predictive analytics, and how this innovation is resonating in the Asia Pacific region. What is the current state and what are the challenges now and into the future?Speakers include: Dr Kee Yuan Ngiam, group CTO and deputy chief medical information officer at the National University of Health Systems in SingaporeDr. Denis Bauer, bioinformatics team leader at Australia's Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation and associate professor at Macquarie University's Department of Biomedical ScienceDr Hananiel Widjaja, director and co-founder of Kortex Indonesia and previous chief executive officer at the National Hospital in SurabayaModerated by Rob Cook, clinical director, Health Policy and insights at Economist ImpactFor more Healthcare Redefined content, please visit: https://healthcareredefinedapac.com--Relevant content from Philips:Global Future Health Index report: https://www.philips.com.au/a-w/about/news/future-health-index/reports/2022/healthcare-hits-reset See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

In this episode, we will explore the role of AI and predictive analytics, and how this innovation is resonating in the Asia Pacific region. What is the current state and what are the challenges now and into the future?Speakers include: Dr Kee Yuan Ngiam, group CTO and deputy chief medical information officer at the National University of Health Systems in SingaporeDr. Denis Bauer, bioinformatics team leader at Australia's Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation and associate professor at Macquarie University's Department of Biomedical ScienceDr Hananiel Widjaja, director and co-founder of Kortex Indonesia and previous chief executive officer at the National Hospital in SurabayaModerated by Rob Cook, clinical director, Health Policy and insights at Economist ImpactFor more Healthcare Redefined content, please visit: https://healthcareredefinedapac.com -- Relevant content from Philips: Global Future Health Index report: https://www.philips.com.au/a-w/about/news/future-health-index/reports/2022/healthcare-hits-reset

When it comes to groundbreaking research in Australia you can bet your bottom dollar the CSIRO is involved one way or another. As a stalwart of the nation's scientific landscape, the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation has become synonymous with facts and trust. But, if you're looking for more detail on the government's climate change policy and what it might look like after the election, don't expect the CSIRO to be publicly forthcoming. That's according to Professor David Karoly, who was the CSIRO's chief scientist at the Climate Science Centre from 2018 to February 2022.

2019年11月，中国武汉华南海鲜市场的郑老板收到了他网购的美国冰鲜大龙虾。他将货物的一小部分分销给了华南海鲜市场内的另一家商户。一个月后，该商户的3名员工陆续出现了新冠肺炎感染症状，郑老板周围13家商店的工作人员在用龙虾包装袋装了东西之后，也成为了最早一批感染者，而与他有货物交易的两个商户，恰好位于疫情核心区。那么，武汉新冠疫情暴发和美国进口冰鲜大龙虾到底有什么关系？2020年以来，多个国家的多位科学家，都注意到了冷链运输在传播新冠病毒过程中起到的作用。 2020年12月，北京市疾控中心等多个研究所联合在《国家科学评论》发文称，研究发现当年6月中国北京新发地疫情的病毒源头极有可能是境外疫情高发区的冷链进口食品。In December 2020, the Beijing CDC and several other research institutes jointly published an article in the National Science Review, stating that the source of the novel coronavirus outbreak in Beijing, China in June of that year was most likely from cold-chain imported food from areas outside the country where the outbreak was highly prevalent.世界卫生组织新冠病毒溯源研究联合专家组成员、澳大利亚病毒学家多米尼克·德怀尔说：“我们都认为冷链产品（的传播）是一个合理的假设，需要加以考虑。”Australian virologist Dominic Dwyer, a member of the World Health Organization's COVID-19 origin-tracing joint study with China, said, "We all thought the cold-chain stuff was a reasonable hypothesis.”早在2020年10月，澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织的研究人员在实验中就已经证明，新冠病毒可以在较低温度中存活更长时间。Back in October 2020, researchers at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation in Australia had demonstrated in experiments that the novel coronavirus could survive longer in lower temperatures.还记得通过冷链进入中国武汉的那一批龙虾吗？它们来自于美国缅因州。2019年9月，美国缅因州暴发 “电子烟肺炎”。虽然至今电子烟销售量在美国本地仍然持续呈现增长态势，关于“电子烟肺炎”的报告却只持续到2019年12月。2020年2月，美国疾控中心官网不再更新该肺炎的相关情况，对于相关病例的数据收集与分析也停止了。 2019年12月，美国“电子烟肺炎”神秘消失，中国武汉华南海鲜市场新冠肺炎疫情暴发。 究竟哪里，才是新冠疫情的源头？

Ben Novak is Lead Scientist, at Revive & Restore (https://reviverestore.org/), a California-based non-profit that works to bring biotechnology to conservation biology with the mission to enhance biodiversity through the genetic rescue of endangered and extinct animals . Ben collaboratively pioneers new tools for genetic rescue and de-extinction, helps shape the genetic rescue efforts of Revive & Restore, and leads its flagship project, The Great Passenger Pigeon Comeback, working with collaborators and partners to restore the ecology of the Passenger Pigeon to the eastern North American forests. Ben uses his training in ecology and ancient-DNA lab work to contribute, hands-on, to the sequencing of the extinct Passenger Pigeon genome and to study important aspects of its natural history .  Ben's mission in leading the Great Passenger Pigeon Comeback is to set the standard for de-extinction protocols and considerations in the lab and field. His 2018 review article, “De-extinction,” in the journal Genes, helped to define this new term. More recently, his treatment, "Building Ethical De-Extinction Programs—Considerations of Animal Welfare in Genetic Rescue" was published in December 2019 in The Routledge Handbook of Animal Ethics: 1st Edition. Ben's work at Revive & Restore also includes extensive education and outreach, the co-convening of seminal workshops, and helping to develop the Avian and Black-footed Ferret Genetic Rescue programs included in the Revive & Restore Catalyst Science Fund. Ben graduated from Montana State University studying Ecology and Evolution. He later trained in Paleogenomics at the McMaster University Ancient DNA Centre in Ontario. This is where he began his study of passenger pigeon DNA, which then contributed to his Master's thesis in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at the University of California Santa Cruz. This work also formed the foundational science for de-extinction. Ben also worked at the Australian Animal Health Laboratory–CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation) to advance genetic engineering protocols for the pigeon.

Global warming is unfolding more quickly than feared and humanity is almost entirely to blame, according to the most comprehensive climate change survey ever published. The latest report of the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change says every inhabited region on earth is likely to experience frequent extreme weather events involving heat, rain and drought as greenhouse gases continue to push temperatures up. The report finds even under a moderate emissions scenario, the global effects of climate change will worsen significantly over the coming years and decades. But the IPCC authors say deep, rapid emissions cuts could spare the world from the most severe warming and associated harms. Kathryn speaks with one of the authors, Michael Grose - a climate projection scientist with the Australian government agency CSIRO - the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation.

Andy and Dave discuss the latest AI news including, Mars landing of the Perseverance and its AI-related capabilities, along with its mini-helicopter, Ingenuity. Researchers from Liverpool use machine learning to predict which mammalian hosts can generate novel coronaviruses. Researchers from Estonia and France create artificial human genomes using generative neural networks. A coalition of over 40 organizations have written a letter to ask that President Biden ban the federal use of and funding of facial recognition technology. The law firm Gibson Dunn releases a 2020 Annual Review of AI and Automated Systems, which also contains a great summary of policy and regulatory developments in the last year. In research, scientists at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation in Australia use AI to manipulate human behavior, steering participants toward particular actions. Researchers in the Netherlands demonstrate that predictive coding in recurrent neural networks naturally arises as a consequence of minimizing energy consumption. Research in Nature Communications demonstrates a multisensory neural networks that integrates information from all five human senses. The report of the week comes from CSET author Matthew Mittlelsteadt, which describes AI Verification: Mechanisms to Ensure AI Arms Control Compliance. The first book of the week comes from Moritz Hardt, on Patterns, Predictions, and Actions: A story about machine learning. And the fun site of the week takes a look at the works of painter Wassily Kandinsky, who was also a synesthete (experiencing the fusion of the senses), and offers insights into what he might have heard from looking at his paintings. The second book of the week provides some great information on Synaesthesia – Opinions and Perspectives. Listeners Survey: https://bit.ly/3bqyiHk Click here to visit our website and explore the links mentioned in the episode. 

Genetic Engineering and Society Center GES Colloquium - Tuesdays 12-1PM (via Zoom) NC State University | http://go.ncsu.edu/ges-colloquium GES Mediasite - See videos, full abstracts, speaker bios, and slides https://go.ncsu.edu/ges-mediasite Twitter - https://twitter.com/GESCenterNCSU Coral reefs worldwide are suffering mass mortality due to elevated sea temperatures. Corals die from starvation after they expel their algal nutritional symbionts in a process referred to as bleaching. With evidence that the algal symbionts are more sensitive to heat than corals, we hypothesized that increasing heat tolerance in the symbionts could prevent bleaching of the coral hosts. Using assisted evolution, we artificially selected for heat tolerance over 4 years in 10 clonal strains of a common algal symbiont species. All selected strains became more heat tolerant, but only 3 conferred bleaching tolerance to their coral host in symbiosis. All selected strains also secreted less reactive oxygen species, but the 3 conferring bleaching tolerance also exhibited higher constitutive expression of genes involved in carbon fixation. The genome sequences of one heat-tolerant strain (SS08) that conferred bleaching tolerance was compared to two heat-tolerant strains (SS03, SS05) that did not, and to the heat-sensitive wild type (WT). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were observed at 190 loci. The mutations in the heat-evolved strains were clustered into particular regions of the genome. Strains SS03 and SS05 followed very similar evolutionary trajectories, and showed low levels of within-strain polymorphism. Strain SS08 followed a very different evolutionary trajectory with much lower divergence from the wild type, and retained much more polymorphism than the other two adapted strains. These findings show that bleaching resistant coral stock can be developed through laboratory-based adaptation of their microalgal symbionts Links & Resources - P. Buerger, C. Alvarez-Roa, C. W. Coppin, S. L. Pearce, L. J. Chakravarti, J. G. Oakeshott, O. R. Edwards and M. J. H. van Oppen. Heat-evolved microalgal symbionts increase coral bleaching tolerance. Science Advances 13 May 2020: Vol. 6, no. 20, eaba2498. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba2498. https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/6/20/eaba2498 Guest Speaker Dr. Owain Edwards (@CSIRO) leads the Environment & Biocontrol Domain of CSIRO’s Future Science Platform in Synthetic Biology (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation in Australia). Within this platform, Dr Edwards oversees the application of synthetic biology technologies for bioremediation, genetic control of pest and invasive species, and engineering resilience to environmental change. GES Center -  Integrating scientific knowledge & diverse public values in shaping the futures of biotechnology. Find out more at https://ges-center-lectures-ncsu.pinecast.co

Getting innovation from lab to market is not an easy feat, and few countries do it well. Australia’s research output, for instance, punches way above its commercial applications (e.g. #10 in the SJR ranking and Nature Index). Are there ways to accelerate that transformation? Australia set up Main Sequence Ventures (@mseqvc) as a AU$240M (about US$170M) deep tech fund backed by the CSIRO and private investors, to target that opportunity notably in domains such as ag-tech, synthetic biology, quantum and space (the CSIRO is the Australia’s federal government agency responsible for scientific research). This podcast is hosted by Benjamin Joffe, Partner at SOSV, a global early stage fund focused on deep tech. SOSV runs multiple accelerator programs including HAX (intelligent hardware) and IndieBio (life sciences). To hear about new episodes, sign up to the newsletter or follow us on twitter at @LabToMarket. For other episodes on foreign deep tech ecosystems, check out India and Japan. OVERVIEW In this episode, Phil Morle (@philmorle), partner and long-time pioneer of the country’s startup scene (wikipedia), explains the commonalities he found between entrepreneurs and scientists, how the fund extended its investment domains and helps compress development timelines. He closes with thoughts on the tough year it has been with fires, drought and Covid, and how returns and impact now go hand in hand, from responding to new threats, feeding the planet, to delivering healthcare at scale. Before Main Sequence Ventures, Phil had three lives: He spent a decade as a theatre director, learning how to create things from scratch. Another decade with startups including as CTO of Kazaa — the then-dominant P2P file-sharing service, And another as the founder of Australia’s first Silicon Valley-style startup incubator, called Pollenizer, where he also advised numerous organizations including the CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation) on setting up their own incubators. He was then tapped by the CSIRO to set up a fund to support the translation of Australian research into commercial applications, including the output of CSIRO’s 3,500 scientists. Among the lessons learned: How he got scientists to grow an entrepreneurial mindset. How to look for early proof points for the whole company. How spending too long in the science exclusively sends weak signals into the market. How deal creation is more valuable than mere deal assessment and de-risking. How they designed a plant-based meat company, assembled a team, and got a product to market in 9 months only. How bridge-building between scientific domains, business expertise and geographies is crucial to startup success. How Covid-19 has lit a fire in the innovation ecosystem. PREVIOUS EPISODES Habib Haddad and Calvin Chin (E14 Fund of MIT Media Lab) on Funding Science Fiction That Works Robert Gallenberger (btov Partners) on How to Select Industrial Partners Xavier Duportet (Eligo Bioscience & Hello Tomorrow) on Science Entrepreneurship Deep Tech Startups vs. Covid-19, with IndieBio, Khosla Ventures and 50 Years Eric Rosenblum (Tsingyuan Ventures) on Chinese Founders in the US Overview of Deep Tech Investment, Based on the Report by Different Sota Nagano (Abies Ventures) on Japan’s Deep Tech Scene Seth Bannon (Fifty Years) on Solving Global Problems Kelly Chen (DCVC) on Investing in Old School Industries Manish Singhal (pi Ventures) on India’s Deep Tech Scene John Ho (Anzu Partners) on Breakthrough Industrial Tech Matt Clifford (EF / Entrepreneur First) on Investing in Talent and Pre-Product RESOURCES ON DEEP TECH DeepTech Investing Report by Different The Dawn of the Deep Tech Ecosystem by Hello Tomorrow and BCG Deep Tech Investors Mapping by Hello Tomorrow Deep Tech Trends Report, Hardware Trends Reports and Hardware Investment Outlook by SOSV SUBSCRIBE Podcast: Apple Podcast, Spotify, other platforms Twitter: @LabToMarket Lab to Market Newsletter

Na entrevista dos Novos Cientistas desta quinta-feira, 6 de agosto, o engenheiro agrônomo Elvis Felipe Elli explicou como desenvolveu sua pesquisa de doutorado sobre a produtividade de eucaliptos no Brasil em relação às mudanças climáticas. Esta edição do podcast contou com a participação do jornalista Caio Albuquerque, da Esalq. Elvis Elli lembrou que o Brasil é o maior produtor mundial de eucaliptos, sendo o Estado de Minas Gerais o que mais produz em território nacional. Em sua pesquisa, que foi feita sob orientação do professor Paulo Cesar Sentelhas, o engenheiro identificou características de planta que poderão trazer vantagens adaptativas sob os diversos cenários de mudanças climáticas do País. Em seu estudo, utilizou técnicas de modelagem combinadas com um método estatístico chamado “análise de sensibilidade global”, para identificar quais as características mais influentes na produtividade de florestas de eucalipto em 23 ambientes de produção espalhados por todo o Brasil. “O objetivo foi identificar se as características mais influentes atualmente na produtividade serão as mesmas em climas futuros, ou se novas características ganharão importância, contou o engenheiro. Os resultados da pesquisa foram recentemente publicados na revista In silico Plants. O trabalho também teve a participação de pesquisadores do Instituto de Pesquisas e Estudos Florestais (Ipef) e do instituto de pesquisa Australiano CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation), onde Elvis Elli realizou um período de intercâmbio.

A new CSIRO study has revealed the impact the coronavirus lockdown has had on the wellbeing of Australians. The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation survey found both weight gain and impacts on mental health were by-products of COVID19.

Welcome to Episode #6 of Contain This, brought to you by the Indo-Pacific Centre for Health Security and hosted by Adam Craig. Today on the show we have Dr. Rob Grenfell and Debbie Eagles. Rob is the Director of Health and Biosecurity at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia’s National Science Agency, or the CSIRO as it’s known. Rob is a qualified public health physician and GP, with almost 30 years’ experience working across health in the public and private sectors. Debbie is the Deputy Director of the Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness within the CSIRO and located in Geelong, Victoria.The Indo-Pacific Centre for Health Security works closely with CSIRO to build capacity in our region. The study of zoonotic diseases has been thrown into the spotlight since the outbreak of COVID-19. In this episode, we discuss why that is.In this episode we also feature a brief discussion with Andy Yombo, a CSIRO counterpart in Port Moresby working on the African Swine Fever outbreak in PNG.For more information about the Indo-Pacific Centre for Health Security, visit out website - https://indopacifichealthsecurity.dfat.gov.auConnect with us on Twitter - https://twitter.com/centrehealthsec/We air an episode every fortnight so make sure you subscribe to receive our updates.Enjoy,Contain This Team

Lynn Langit is a consulting cloud architect who holds recognitions from all three major cloud vendors on her contributions to their respective communities. On today’s podcast, Wes talks with Lynn about a concept she calls 25% time and a project it led her to become involved within genomic research. 25% time is her own method of learning while collaborating with someone else for a greater good. A recent project leads her to become involved with the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) in Australia. Through cloud adoption and some lean startup practices, they were able to drop the run time for a machine learning algorithm against a genomic dataset from 500 hours to 10 minutes. Why listen to this podcast: - 25% time is a way to learn, study, or collaborate with someone else for a greater good. It’s unbilled time in the service of offers. Using the idea of 25% time along with some personal events that occurred in her life, Lynn became involved with genomic researchers in Australia. - Price of genomic sequencing has dropped. The price drop has enabled researchers to create huge repositories of genomic data; however, it was mostly on-prem. The idea of building data pipelines was pretty new in the genome community. Additionally, the genome itself is 3 billion data points. A variant of as little at 10-15 variants can be statistically significant. - The challenge was to leverage cloud resources. To gain a quick win and buy-in for Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (or CSIRO an independent Australian federal government agency) for cloud adoption, a first step was to capture interest in the idea. So the team stored their reference data in the cloud and enabled access via a Jupyter Notebook. - They demonstrated a use case against the genomic data set leveraging a synthetic phenotype (or a fake disease) called hipsterdom. The solution became a basis for global discussion that got more people involved in the community. - By leveraging cloud resources, the CSIRO was able to get a run their dataset that took 500 hours against an on-prem Spark cluster to 10 minutes. - Learning new programming language has unseen benefits. For example, Ballerina (a language written as an integration language between APIs) interested Lynn because of its live visual diagrams; however, benefited her with some of the cloud pipelines because of its ability to produce YAML files. You can also subscribe to the InfoQ newsletter to receive weekly updates on the hottest topics from professional software development. bit.ly/24x3IVq Subscribe: www.youtube.com/infoq Like InfoQ on Facebook: bit.ly/2jmlyG8 Follow on Twitter: twitter.com/InfoQ Follow on LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/company/infoq Check the landing page on InfoQ: https://bit.ly/2T2LZBQ

In the commercial context, research and development, or R&D, is a strategic choice made by a business in the pursuit of competitive advantage. But what does this for governments funded R&D? Should society expect an immediate return on investment in the same way?On this episode of Think Business Futures, we turn the tables on our co-host Nicole Sutton, to ask why a society would choose to fund R&D with taxpayer money. Further Reading:You can read more about the CSIRO’s early history hereDavid Thodey (@davidthodey) is the current chair of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation or CSIROThe Science and Industry Research Act (1949) established the CSIRO. You can read the act here.Australia 2030: Prosperity Through InnovationOliver Williamson developed Transaction Cost Economics, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize.You can read Nicole’s research on the Australian cotton industry here

Lisa Harvey-Smith of CSIRO discusses the mega-telescope known as the Square Kilometre Array. CSIRO, the Australian Commonwealth Science and Industrial Research Organisation, is part of the continent-spanning next-generation radio telescope project which is due to be completed in 2019.

Lisa Harvey-Smith of CSIRO discusses the mega-telescope known as the Square Kilometre Array. CSIRO, the Australian Commonwealth Science and Industrial Research Organisation, is part of the continent-spanning next-generation radio telescope project which is due to be completed in 2019.

Lisa Harvey-Smith of CSIRO discusses the mega-telescope known as the Square Kilometre Array. CSIRO, the Australian Commonwealth Science and Industrial Research Organisation, is part of the continent-spanning next-generation radio telescope project which is due to be completed in 2019.